EVCC device

Abstract

An EVCC apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a load switching unit to which a control pilot (CP) signal is input from an electric vehicle power supply device (EVSE); a first detection unit connected with the load switching unit and performing a first conversion of the CP signal to a first signal; a second detection unit connected with the first detection unit and performing a second conversion of the first signal to a second signal; and an MCU that detects the first signal and the second signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to an EVCC device, and more specifically, to an EVCC device capable of stably detecting PWM voltage. Background Technology

[0002] For example, environmentally friendly electric vehicles (EVs) or plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) use electric vehicle power supply equipment (EVSE) installed at charging stations to charge their batteries.

[0003] To this end, an Electric Vehicle Charge Controller (EVCC) is installed inside the EV, communicates with the EV and EVSE, and controls the charging of the EV. For example, when the EVCC receives a signal from the EV instructing it to start charging, it can control the start of charging. When it receives a signal from the EV to stop charging, it can control the termination of charging.

[0004] Based on charging time, electric vehicle charging methods can be classified into fast charging and slow charging. In fast charging, the battery is charged by direct current (DC) supplied to it by the charger. Conversely, for slow charging, the battery is charged by alternating current (AC) supplied to it by the charger. Therefore, chargers used for fast charging are called fast chargers or DC chargers, and chargers used for slow charging are called slow chargers or AC chargers.

[0005] Because electric vehicle charging systems use high-voltage electricity, they can pose safety risks, such as electric shock due to reverse current or system malfunction. Therefore, electric vehicle charging systems employ various sequential control techniques to prevent potential problems during charging and offer various structural features to enhance system stability.

[0006] However, current electric vehicle charging systems cannot detect or prevent all the various problems that may occur during battery charging. Therefore, a solution is needed to address this issue. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Technical issues The technical problem this disclosure aims to solve is to provide an EVCC device that can stably detect PWM voltage.

[0008] Technical solution To address the aforementioned technical problems, an EVCC device according to an embodiment of this disclosure includes: a load switch unit, to which a control pilot (CP) signal is input from an electric vehicle power supply device (EVSE); a first detection unit connected to the load switch unit and performing a first conversion of the CP signal to a first signal; a second detection unit connected to the first detection unit and performing a second conversion of the first signal to a second signal; and an MCU that detects the first signal and the second signal.

[0009] The MCU can detect the state change of the CP signal through the first signal, and the MCU can detect the maximum voltage value of the CP signal through the second signal.

[0010] Compared to the second signal, the first signal can respond to changes in the state of the CP signal more quickly.

[0011] The amplitude of the first signal can be greater than the amplitude of the second signal.

[0012] The first detection unit includes a first capacitor, the second detection unit includes a second capacitor, and the capacitance of the first capacitor may be greater than the capacitance of the second capacitor.

[0013] The load switching unit may include two resistors with different resistance values ​​connected in parallel, and one of the two resistors may include a switch connected in series with it.

[0014] The first detection unit includes a first node connected to the MCU, the second detection unit includes a second node connected to the MCU, and the first detection unit may include a buffer connected to the load switch unit, a resistor connected between the output terminal of the buffer and the first node and grounded, and a first capacitor.

[0015] The second detection unit may include a diode and a resistor connected in series with the first node, and a second capacitor connected between the second node and ground.

[0016] Beneficial effects According to this embodiment, stability can be enhanced by monitoring the CP signal in both stages.

[0017] In addition, user safety can be ensured by detecting changes in the state of the CP signal during the descent time. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The vehicle charging system is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 The vehicle charging circuit as defined in the DIN 70121 standard is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the EVCC device according to this embodiment.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the EVCC device according to this embodiment.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of an EVCC device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 6 and Figure 7 An example of a signal detected in the circuit diagram of the EVCC device according to this embodiment is shown.

[0024] Figure 8 The CP signal input to the EVCC device and the signals from each detection unit according to this embodiment are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] However, the technical concept of this disclosure is not limited to the partial embodiments described, but can be implemented in various forms, and within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, one or more constituent elements can be selectively combined or substituted among embodiments.

[0027] In addition, unless explicitly defined and described, the terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the embodiments of this disclosure may be interpreted as meanings that would be generally understood by those skilled in the art, and commonly used terms (e.g., terms defined in dictionaries) may be interpreted taking into account the meaning in the context of the relevant art.

[0028] Furthermore, the terminology used in this specification is for describing embodiments and is not intended to limit this disclosure. In this specification, singular forms may include plural forms unless specifically stated in the phrase, and when described as “at least one (or more) of A, B, and C,” it may include more than one of all combinations that can be combined with A, B, and C.

[0029] Additionally, when describing components of embodiments of this disclosure, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), and (b) may be used.

[0030] These terms are intended only to distinguish components from other components, and they do not restrict the nature, order, or sequence of components.

[0031] Furthermore, when a component is described as being “connected,” “joined,” or “interconnected” with another component, the component is not only directly connected, joined, or interconnected with other components, but may also include situations where the component is “connected,” “joined,” or “interconnected” due to another component between other components.

[0032] Additionally, when described as being formed or disposed "above" or "below," "above" or "below" indicates that this includes not only the case where two components are in direct contact, but also the case where one or more other components are formed or disposed between two components. Furthermore, when expressed as "above" or "below," it can include not only the meaning of an upward direction relative to a component, but also the meaning of a downward direction relative to a component.

[0033] Figure 1 The vehicle charging system is shown; Figure 2 The vehicle charging circuit as defined in the DIN 70121 standard is shown; Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the EVCC device according to this embodiment; Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the EVCC device according to this embodiment; Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of an EVCC device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 6 and Figure 7 An example of a signal detected in the circuit diagram of the EVCC device according to this embodiment is shown; Figure 8 The CP signal input to the EVCC device and the signals from each detection unit according to this embodiment are shown.

[0034] The vehicle charging system according to this embodiment can refer to a system for charging the battery of an electric vehicle that uses electrical energy as its power source. (See also...) Figure 1 The vehicle charging system according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include an electric vehicle power supply device (EVSE) 200 and an electric vehicle (EV) 10.

[0035] The EVSE 200 is a device that supplies AC or DC power and can be installed at a charging station or in a home, and can also be made portable. The EVSE 200 is interchangeable with charging stations (power sources), AC charging stations (AC power sources), and DC charging stations (DC power sources). The EVSE 200 can receive AC or DC power from a mains power source. The mains power source may include an electrical system, etc. The EVSE 200 can transform or convert the AC or DC power supplied from the mains power source and supply it to the electric vehicle 10.

[0036] Electric vehicle 10 refers to a vehicle that operates by receiving all or part of its energy from an onboard battery. Electric vehicle 10 may include not only electric vehicles that operate solely on electrical energy charged from a battery, but also plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) that operate in parallel with an engine using fossil fuels. The battery installed in electric vehicle 10 can be charged by receiving power from EVSE 200.

[0037] The EVSE 200 may include a charging control unit for sending and receiving various control signals required to charge the battery of the electric vehicle 10 and controlling the battery charging process. The charging control unit can send and receive control signals to and from the electric vehicle 10, and execute the battery charging process. Control signals may include information such as charging preparation, charging termination, and proximity detection. The charging control unit may include a communication device for communicating with the electric vehicle 10. The communication device can communicate with the electric vehicle 10 using power line communication (PLC), controller area network (CAN), or the like. The communication device may be included in the charging control unit or configured separately.

[0038] Cable, connector 210, and inlet 20 electrically connect EVSE 200 and electric vehicle 10. The cable transmits power and signals between EVSE 200 and electric vehicle 10. The cable may include power lines for transmitting power, signal lines for transmitting charging-related control signals, grounding wires for grounding, etc. The cable is connected to EVSE 200. According to one embodiment, EVSE 200 and cable can be directly connected without a separate connection configuration. According to another embodiment, EVSE 200 and cable can be connected via a combination of a socket in EVSE 200 and a plug in cable.

[0039] Connector 210 can be connected to a cable, and inlet 20 can be provided in electric vehicle 10. Connector 210 and inlet 20 can be combined and referred to as a coupler. Connector 210 and inlet 20 have a structure that allows them to be coupled together, and electric vehicle 10 and EVSE 200 can be electrically connected through the coupling of connector 210 and inlet 20. Inlet 20 and connector 210 can be directly connected, or they can be connected via an adapter. When the charging specifications of EVSE 200 and electric vehicle 10 are different, making it impossible to directly connect connector 210 and inlet 20, an adapter can be used. For example, an adapter can be used to connect connector 210 of EVSE 200 according to the CHAdeMO standard specification and inlet 20 of electric vehicle 10 according to the CHAdeMO standard specification.

[0040] Connector 210 and inlet 20 may have multiple pins that can be coupled to each other. For example, one of the multiple pins may be a pin for a CP (Control Pilot) port through which the CP signal is transmitted between EVSE200 and EVCC 100; another pin may be a pin for a PD (Proximity Detection) port for detecting the proximity of connector 210 and inlet 20; and yet another pin may be a pin for connecting to a Protective Earth (PE) port for the protective ground of EVSE200. Another of the multiple pins may be a pin for driving the motor to open the fuel tank flaps; yet another pin may be a pin for sensing the motor; yet another pin may be a pin for temperature sensing; yet another pin may be a pin for LED sensing; and yet another pin may be a pin for CAN communication. One of the multiple pins may be a pin for the voltage line applied from a collision detection sensor within electric vehicle 10; another may be a battery pin for supplying charging power to electric vehicle 10; and yet another pin may be a pin for high-voltage protection. However, the number and function of the pins are not limited to this and can be modified in various ways.

[0041] The Electric Vehicle Communication Controller (EVCC) device 100 can control part or all of the process related to battery charging of the electric vehicle 10. The EVCC device 100 can communicate with the EVSE 200. The EVCC device 100 can send and receive control commands related to the battery charging process from the EVSE 200. The EVCC device 100 can communicate with the charging control device located in the EVSE 200, and can send and receive control commands related to the battery charging process from the charging control device.

[0042] The EVCC device 100 can communicate with the electric vehicle 10. The EVCC device 100 can receive control commands related to the battery charging process from the electric vehicle 10. The EVCC device 100 can communicate with the battery management system of the electric vehicle 10 and can receive control commands related to the battery charging process from the battery management system. The EVCC device 100 can communicate with the integrated power control unit of the electric vehicle 10 and can receive control commands related to the battery charging process from the integrated power control unit. To perform the above functions, the EVCC device 100 may be equipped with a microcontroller (MCU), communication devices, relays, etc.

[0043] The EVCC device 100 according to this embodiment may include a load switch unit 110, a first detection unit 120, a second detection unit 130, and an MCU 140.

[0044] The EVSE 200 generates a CP (Control Guidance) signal. The CP signal can be in DC or Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) format. The CP signal can send information about the charging status to the EVCC device 100 using the amplitude of a PWM signal at a specific frequency. The CP signal has specifications defined by the IEC 61851-1 standard and can be, for example, a ±12 V and 1 kHz PWM signal. The CP signal can be generated in the form of 12V DC (connector connection), 9V DC (standby time, reserve time), 9V PWM (charging start), 6V PWM (charging), etc.

[0045] The EVCC device 100 may include a load switch unit 110, and the CP signal is input from the EVSE 200 to the load switch unit 110.

[0046] Load switch unit 110 can be connected to input terminal P of EVCC device 100. Diode D1 and capacitor Cv can be included between load switch unit 110 and input terminal P to prevent reverse voltage of CP signal. Load switch unit 110 can include two resistors R2 and R3 with different resistance values ​​connected in parallel. One of the two resistors R2 and R3 can include a switch S2 connected in series. The resistance value of one of the two resistors can be larger than that of the other. For example, one of the two resistors R2 can be 2740 Ω, while the other R3 can be 1300 Ω or 270 Ω. Switch S2 can be connected in series with the resistor R3 with the smaller resistance value.

[0047] In the initial charging state, the CP signal is set to DC 12V to notify the EVCC device 100 that the EVSE 200 is ready to charge (State A). When the EVSE 200 and the EVCC device 100 are connected, resistors R1 and R2 of the EVSE 200 and EVCC device 100 change the signal to a 9V PWM signal (State B). At this time, switch S3 connected to resistor R3 is in the open state. When the MCU 140 of the EVCC device 100 confirms that the electric vehicle 10 is in a rechargeable state, it changes switch S3 connected to resistor R3 to the closed state, changing the magnitude of the CP signal to a 6V PWM signal (State C). Subsequently, if the power supply to the EVSE 200 is disconnected or an error occurs in the EVSE 200, the CP signal can be changed to 0V (State E).

[0048] The EVCC device 100 may include a first detection unit 120 and a second detection unit 130 for detecting the CP signal.

[0049] The first detection unit 120 is connected to the load switch unit 110 and can perform a first conversion operation using the CP signal as the first signal. The first detection unit 120 can convert the CP signal into a voltage range that can be detected by the MCU 140. For example, the PWM voltage range of the CP signal generated from the EVSE 200 can be a ±12V and 1 kHz PWM signal, and the first detection unit 120 can convert the PWM voltage range of the CP signal into a 0 V to 5 V and 1 kHz PWM signal.

[0050] The first detection unit 120 may include a buffer connected to the output terminal Vb of the load switching unit 110. The buffer can prevent noise generated when the CP signal generated from the EVSE 200 is input to the EVCC device 100 through the inlet and cable, and suppress the rise / fall time delay of the PWM waveform of the CP signal. The output terminal of the buffer may include a diode D2 to prevent reverse voltage on the CP signal.

[0051] The output terminals of the buffer may include a first capacitor C1 and an eighth resistor R8, each connected to ground. The first detection unit 120 may include a first node connected to the MCU 140. The first node may include a first capacitor C1 and an eighth resistor R8, each connected to ground. By adjusting the values ​​of the first capacitor C1 and the eighth resistor R8, the CP signal can be converted into a first signal. The first capacitor C1 may be in the range of 450 nF to 500 nF, and preferably 470 nF. The eighth resistor R8 may be in the range of 10 kΩ to 20 kΩ, and preferably 15 kΩ.

[0052] The second detection unit 130 is connected to the first detection unit 120 and can perform a second conversion operation from the first signal to the second signal. The second detection unit 130 can perform the second conversion operation using the second signal, which is a signal that stabilizes the first signal. For example, the first signal is a 1 kHz PWM signal with a PWM voltage range of 0 V to 5 V for the CP signal, and the second signal can satisfy the requirement that the amplitude range of the PWM signal for the CP signal is 0.001 V to 0.005 V. This is merely an example and is not particularly limited thereto.

[0053] The second detection unit 130 may include a diode D3 to prevent reverse voltage of the CP signal. The second detection unit 130 may include a ninth resistor R9 connected in series with the diode D3 and a second capacitor C2 connected to ground. The second detection unit 130 may include a second node connected to the MCU 140. The second node may include the ninth resistor R9 and the second capacitor C2 connected to ground. By adjusting the values ​​of the second capacitor C2 and the ninth resistor R9, a second conversion operation from the first signal to the second signal can be performed. The second capacitor C2 may be in the range of 0.5 nF to 2 nF, and preferably 1 nF. The ninth resistor R9 may be in the range of 95 kΩ to 110 kΩ, and preferably 100 kΩ. The capacitance of the second capacitor C2 may be less than the capacitance of the first capacitor C1. The value of the ninth resistor R9 may be greater than the value of the eighth resistor R8.

[0054] Reference Figure 5 This illustrates an EVCC device 100 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the second detection unit 130 can be configured in the same manner as the first detection unit 120. In this case, the values ​​of the second capacitor C2 and the thirteenth resistor R13 included in the second detection unit 130 can differ from those of the first detection unit 120. Figure 4 The value of the second detection unit 130 is shown. The second capacitor C2 can be in the range of 0.5 uF to 2 uF, and is preferably 1 uF. The thirteenth resistor R13 can be in the range of 0.5 MΩ to 1.5 MΩ, and is preferably 1 MΩ. Figure 5 The second detection unit 130 shown is different. Figure 4 The second detection unit 130 shown can be replaced with a diode instead of an expensive buffer.

[0055] MCU 140 is connected to the first detection unit 120 and the second detection unit 130 to detect the first and second signals. MCU 140 can detect the amplitude of the CP signal in PWM format. MCU 140 can detect the signal level information of the CP signal. MCU 140 can detect the duty cycle of the CP signal in PWM format. MCU 140 can monitor the CP signal generated from EVSE 200 to control part or all of the process related to battery charging.

[0056] MCU 140 can detect state changes of the CP signal using a first signal. MCU 140 can detect the maximum voltage value of the CP signal using a second signal. The first signal can respond to state changes of the CP signal faster than the second signal. The amplitude of the first signal can be greater than the amplitude of the second signal. The second signal can be a signal that stabilizes the first signal.

[0057] When an error occurs in the EVSE 200 while the electric vehicle 10 is being charged from the EVSE 200, the CP signal drops to 0 V. The CP signal needs time to drop from the charging voltage of 9 V or 6 V to 0 V, and this must be detected by the EVCC device 100 within a specific time period. (Refer to...) Figure 6 (b) After the error occurs, the time it takes for the CP signal generated in the EVSE 200 to drop from 9 V to 0 V (fall time) may take 50 ms. Additionally, refer to... Figure 7 (b) After the error occurs, the time it takes for the CP signal generated in the EVSE 200 to drop from 6 V to 0 V (fall time) may take 60 ms. At this time, the EVCC device 100 must detect the state change of the CP signal within 100 ms.

[0058] Therefore, the first signal setting of the EVCC device 100 has a fast response speed to the CP signal, enabling rapid detection of changes in the state of the CP signal. On the other hand, since the converted first signal has unstable maximum and minimum voltages, it is converted into a stable second signal.

[0059] Reference Figure 6 (a) confirms that the first signal (X) converted from the ±9 V, 1 kHz PWM CP signal generated by the EVSE 200 oscillates with a maximum voltage of 2.2 V and a minimum voltage of 1.92 V for a period of 1 ms, and the second signal (Y) oscillates with an amplitude of approximately 0.01 V and a period of 1 ms, close to 2.1 V. (Refer to...) Figure 7 (a) It can be confirmed that the first signal (X) converted from the ±6 V, 1 kHz PWM CP signal generated from the EVSE 200 oscillates with a maximum voltage of 1.44 V and a minimum voltage of 1.245 V for a period of 1 ms, and the second signal (Y) oscillates with an amplitude of about 0.01 V and a period of 1 ms, and is close to 1.36 V.

[0060] Reference Figure 8 When the CP signal (Vp) generated from the EVSE 200 drops from 9 V to 2.5 V, it can be confirmed that the first signal (VA) takes the same amount of time as the CP signal (Vp) changes from 2 V to 0 V, and the second signal (VB) takes about 2 seconds to change from 2 V to 0 V.

[0061] The EVCC device according to this embodiment can enhance stability by monitoring the CP signal in two phases, and can ensure user safety by detecting changes in the state of the CP signal during the descent time.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will understand that this embodiment can be implemented in modified forms without departing from the essential characteristics described above. Therefore, the disclosed methods should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive. The scope of this disclosure is shown in the claims rather than the foregoing description, and all differences within the equivalent scope should be interpreted as included in this disclosure.

Claims

1. An EVCC device, comprising: The load switch unit receives a control guide signal, i.e., a CP signal, from the electric vehicle power supply equipment, i.e., the EVSE, and inputs it to the load switch unit. A first detection unit is connected to the load switch unit and performs a first conversion to convert the CP signal into a first signal. A second detection unit is connected to the first detection unit and performs a second conversion to convert the first signal into a second signal. as well as The MCU detects the first signal and the second signal.

2. The EVCC device according to claim 1, in, The MCU detects the state change of the CP signal through the first signal, and The MCU detects the maximum voltage value of the CP signal through the second signal.

3. The EVCC device according to claim 1, in, Compared to the second signal, the first signal has a faster response speed to changes in the state of the CP signal.

4. The EVCC device according to claim 1, in, The amplitude of the first signal is greater than the amplitude of the second signal.

5. The EVCC device according to claim 1, in, The first detection unit includes a first capacitor, and the second detection unit includes a second capacitor. The capacitance of the first capacitor is greater than the capacitance of the second capacitor.

6. The EVCC device according to claim 1, in, The load switching unit includes two resistors with different resistance values ​​connected in parallel, and One of the two resistors includes a switch connected in series with it.

7. The EVCC device according to claim 1, in, The first detection unit includes a first node connected to the MCU. The second detection unit includes a second node connected to the MCU, and The first detection unit includes a buffer connected to the load switch unit, a resistor connected between the output terminal of the buffer and the first node and grounded, and a first capacitor.

8. The EVCC device according to claim 1, in, The second detection unit includes a diode and a resistor connected in series with the first node, and a second capacitor connected between the second node and ground.

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