Battery pack and device including the same

Abstract

A battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: at least one battery module comprising a plurality of battery cells; a pack frame having an open upper portion and accommodating at least one battery module therein; and a pack cover for covering the open top of the pack frame. A discharge portion for discharging exhaust gas is formed on an upper surface of the battery module, and the battery module includes a protruding portion protruding upward from the upper surface of the battery module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority and benefit to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0190998, filed on December 26, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] This disclosure relates to a battery pack and an apparatus including the battery pack, and more specifically, to a battery pack capable of ensuring emission space and an apparatus including the battery pack. Background Technology

[0004] The use of mobile devices such as cell phones, laptops, camcorders, and digital cameras has become commonplace in modern society, accelerating technological development in related fields. Furthermore, as a measure to address air pollution caused by existing gasoline vehicles using fossil fuels, rechargeable batteries are being used as a power source for electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (P-HEVs). Therefore, the need for developing rechargeable batteries is increasing.

[0005] Currently, commercially available batteries include nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), nickel-zinc (NiZn), and lithium-ion batteries. Among these, lithium-ion batteries are becoming increasingly popular because, compared to nickel-based batteries, they are not affected by the memory effect, allowing for easy recharging, low self-discharge rate, and high energy density.

[0006] This type of lithium secondary battery primarily uses lithium-based oxide and carbon materials as the positive and negative electrode active materials, respectively. The lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly made by placing a separator between a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate, which are respectively coated with positive and negative electrode active materials, and a battery casing that hermetically houses the electrode assembly and the electrolyte together.

[0007] Generally, based on the external shape of the battery casing, lithium secondary batteries can be classified into can-shaped secondary batteries, which are manufactured by mounting the electrode assembly in a metal can, and bag-shaped secondary batteries, which are manufactured by mounting the electrode assembly in a bag made of aluminum laminate.

[0008] In the case of secondary batteries for small devices, two or three battery cells are arranged, while in the case of secondary batteries for medium and large vehicle devices such as automobiles, battery modules comprising multiple battery cells electrically connected to each other are used. Within a battery module, multiple battery cells are connected in series or parallel to form a battery cell stack, which increases capacity and power. One or more battery modules can be installed together with various control and protection systems such as a battery management system (BMS), a battery disconnect unit (BDU), and a cooling system to form a battery pack.

[0009] A battery pack may include battery modules as a subordinate concept, and a battery module may include battery cells as a subordinate concept. Furthermore, the number of battery cells included in a battery module or the number of battery modules included in a battery pack can be determined differently depending on the output or capacity of the battery pack required by the electric vehicle.

[0010] However, safety is one of the most critical issues in such battery packs. In particular, if a thermal event occurs in at least one of the multiple battery cells included in the battery pack, high-temperature exhaust gases and heat will be generated. To protect the battery pack from these high-temperature exhaust gases and heat, and to vent them to the outside, exhaust space must be ensured and maintained inside the battery pack. Summary of the Invention

[0011] Technical issues

[0012] Therefore, the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a battery pack and an apparatus including the battery pack, the battery pack being able to ensure and maintain a discharge space so that high-temperature exhaust gases and heat generated inside the battery pack due to thermal events can be smoothly discharged to the outside.

[0013] However, the technical objectives to be addressed by the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to the above-described objectives, and various extensions can be made within the scope of the technical concept included in this disclosure.

[0014] Technical solution

[0015] According to certain aspects of this disclosure, a battery pack is provided, comprising: at least one battery module including a plurality of battery cells; a battery pack frame having an open upper portion and receiving at least one of the battery modules; and a battery pack cover covering the open upper portion of the battery pack frame; wherein an exhaust portion for venting exhaust gases is formed on the upper surface of the battery module, and wherein the battery module includes a protrusion projecting upward from the upper surface of the battery module.

[0016] The protrusion can project from the upper surface of the battery module toward the battery pack cover.

[0017] The battery pack may also include a heat-resistant sheet attached to the lower surface of the battery pack cover.

[0018] The protrusion can protrude from the upper surface of the battery module toward the heat-resistant sheet.

[0019] The protrusion may face the heat-resistant sheet.

[0020] A nut hole may be formed on the upper surface of the battery module, and the protrusion may include a flange bolt inserted into the nut hole.

[0021] The nut hole may be in the form of a through hole formed by inserting a rivet nut into the upper surface of the battery module.

[0022] The flange bolt may include a threaded fastening portion therein and a flange portion located at one end of the fastening portion.

[0023] The protrusion may include a spacer located between the flange and the upper surface of the battery module.

[0024] The battery module may include a module frame that houses the battery cells, and the discharge portion may be formed on the upper surface of the module frame.

[0025] The battery module may include a module frame for accommodating the battery cells. The module frame may include a bottom frame on which the battery cells are placed and a top cover assembly covering the upper part of the battery cells, and the discharge portion may be formed in the top cover assembly.

[0026] The top cover assembly may include a top plate located on the upper part of the battery cell and a top cover covering the upper surface of the top plate.

[0027] The discharge section may include a discharge hole formed in the top plate and a rupture section formed in the top cover and positioned corresponding to the discharge hole. The rupture section may have a structure that ruptures under a specified pressure or higher.

[0028] An opening may be formed in the area around the ruptured portion, excluding the connecting portion, and the ruptured portion may be connected to the top cover via the connecting portion.

[0029] When viewed along a direction perpendicular to one surface of the top cover, the opening may be located on the outer periphery of the discharge port.

[0030] A nut hole may be formed in the top cover assembly, and the protrusion may include a flange bolt inserted into the nut hole. The top cover may be secured between the top plate and the flange bolt.

[0031] The discharge section may be a portion with a thickness smaller than that of the adjacent area, or a portion forming a groove along the periphery of the discharge section.

[0032] According to certain other aspects of this disclosure, an apparatus including the above-described battery pack is provided.

[0033] Beneficial effects

[0034] According to certain embodiments of this disclosure, an upwardly protruding protrusion is provided on the upper part of the battery module inside the battery pack, thereby ensuring and maintaining a discharge space between the battery module and the battery pack cover. Therefore, high-temperature exhaust gases and heat generated inside the battery pack during thermal events can be smoothly discharged to the outside of the battery pack, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery pack and the device including the battery pack.

[0035] The effects of this disclosure are not limited to those described above, and those skilled in the art will clearly understand from the description of the appended claims other additional effects not mentioned above. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a partial perspective view showing a portion of a battery pack according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a perspective view showing a battery module according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 3 When viewed from above Figure 2 A plan view of the battery module.

[0039] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 An exploded perspective view of the battery module.

[0040] Figure 5 It is shown Figure 2 and Figure 4 A perspective view of the battery cell stack, the first busbar frame, and the second busbar frame included in the battery module.

[0041] Figure 6 It is shown Figure 5 A perspective view of one of the battery cells included in a battery cell stack.

[0042] Figure 7 It shows along Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a portion of the cross section cut by the cutting line A-A'.

[0043] Figure 8 It shows along Figure 1A cross-sectional view of a portion of the cross section cut by the cutting line B-B'.

[0044] Figure 9 This is a perspective view showing a top cover assembly included in a battery module according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 10 This is an exploded perspective view of a top cover assembly according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 11 It is shown Figure 10 A perspective view of the top plate of the top cover assembly.

[0047] Figure 12 It is shown Figure 11 A partial magnified perspective view of section "C".

[0048] Figure 13 It is shown Figure 10 A perspective view of the top cover of the top cover assembly.

[0049] Figure 14 It is shown Figure 13 A partially enlarged perspective view of section "D".

[0050] Figure 15 This is a partial perspective view showing the top plate and rivet nuts according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 16 This is a partial perspective view showing the top plate, rivets, nuts, and protrusions according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0052] Figure 17 This is a partial perspective view showing the top cover assembly, rivets, nuts, and protrusions according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0053] Figure 18 This is a plan view of the top plate according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure when viewed from above.

[0054] Figure 19 This is a plan view of the top cover according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure, viewed from above.

[0055] Figure 20 and Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to a modified embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] Figure 22 and Figure 23 This is a cross-sectional view showing the discharge section according to certain other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0057] Figure 24This is a perspective view showing a first end plate and a second end plate, as well as a first insulating cover and a second insulating cover, according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0058] Figure 25 This is a perspective view showing the bottom frame and heat sink according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0059] In the following, various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings to enable those skilled in the art to readily practice the present disclosure. The present disclosure may be implemented in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0060] For clarity in describing this disclosure, descriptions of parts unrelated to this disclosure will be omitted, and identical or similar components throughout the description will be indicated by the same reference numerals.

[0061] Because the accompanying drawings arbitrarily show the dimensions and thicknesses of each component for ease of description, this disclosure is not necessarily limited to what is shown. The drawings depict thicknesses at an enlarged scale to clearly show different layers and regions. Furthermore, the drawings exaggerate the thickness of a particular layer or region for ease of description.

[0062] When layers, membranes, regions, plates, etc., are arranged "on" a specific part, this description includes not only cases where layers, membranes, regions, plates, etc., are arranged "directly" on the specific part, but also cases where layers, membranes, regions, plates, etc., are arranged on the specific part through another part. When one part is arranged "directly" on another part, this indicates that there are no new components between the two parts. Furthermore, when a component is arranged "on" a reference part, this indicates that the component exists on top of or below the reference part, and does not necessarily mean that the component is only arranged on the top of the reference part opposite to the direction of gravity.

[0063] Throughout this description, when a section “includes” a component, it does not mean that the section excludes other components, but rather that the section may include other components, unless otherwise defined.

[0064] Throughout this description, the term "in a plan view" refers to an object viewed from above, and the term "in a cross-sectional view" refers to a vertical cross-section of an object viewed from the side.

[0065] Figure 1 This is a partial perspective view showing a portion of a battery pack according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2 This is a perspective view showing a battery module according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3 When viewed from above Figure 2 A plan view of the battery module. Figure 4yes Figure 2 An exploded perspective view of the battery module. Figure 5 It is shown Figure 2 and Figure 4 A perspective view of the battery cell stack, the first busbar frame, and the second busbar frame included in the battery module. Figure 6 It is shown Figure 5 A perspective view of one of the battery cells included in a battery cell stack.

[0066] Reference Figures 1 to 6 According to certain embodiments of the present disclosure, a battery pack 1000 includes: at least one battery module 100, the at least one battery module 100 including a plurality of battery cells 110; a battery pack frame 1100, the upper part of which is open and accommodates at least one battery module 100; and a battery pack cover 1200 covering the open upper part of the battery pack frame 1100. Figure 1 Only one battery module 100 housed in the battery pack frame 1100 is shown in the diagram, but multiple battery modules 100 can be housed inside the battery pack frame 1100.

[0067] The battery pack frame 1100 may include a bottom frame 1110 on which at least one battery module 100 is placed, and a side surface frame 1120 extending along the edge of the bottom frame 1110. This side surface frame 1120 may extend in a direction perpendicular to one surface of the bottom frame 1110. An open interior space at its upper part is provided by the bottom frame 1110 and the side surface frame 1120, and at least one battery module 100 may be accommodated in the interior space. Meanwhile, a battery pack cover 1200 may cover the open upper part of the battery pack frame 1100.

[0068] According to this embodiment, a discharge section 220V for discharging exhaust gases is formed on the upper surface of the battery module 100. That is, the battery module 100 according to this embodiment may have an upper discharge structure that discharges high-temperature exhaust gases and heat caused by thermal events in an upward direction. Furthermore, the battery module 100 according to this embodiment includes a protrusion 600 that protrudes upward from the upper surface of the battery module 100. The protrusion 600 protrudes from the upper surface of the battery module 100 toward the battery pack cover 1200. Because of this protrusion 600, a discharge space is ensured and maintained between the battery module 100 and the battery pack cover 1200 through which high-temperature exhaust gases and heat can flow. Details of the discharge section 220V and the protrusion 600 will be described later.

[0069] As described above, the battery module 100 according to this embodiment includes a plurality of battery cells 110. The battery cells 110 according to this embodiment can be various types of battery cells, such as pouch cells, prismatic cells, or cylindrical cells. As an example, such as... Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the battery cell 110 according to this embodiment can be a pouch-type battery cell. The pouch-type battery cell will be described below, but the battery cell 110 according to this embodiment is not limited to this, and various types of battery cells can be used.

[0070] The battery cell 110 according to this embodiment can have a structure in which an electrode assembly having electrode leads 111 protruding in one or both directions is housed in a pouch-type battery casing 114. This battery cell 110 can be rectangular in shape. The battery cell 110 can be formed by housing the electrode assembly in a battery casing 114 made of a laminate comprising a resin layer and a metal layer, and then attaching the outer peripheral portion of the pouch-type casing 114. As an example, the battery cell 110 can have a structure in which two electrode leads 111 face each other and protrude from one end 114a and the other end 114b of the cell body 113, respectively. As another example, it is also possible for all electrode leads 111 of the battery cell 110 to protrude in one direction. One of the electrode leads 111 is a positive electrode lead, and the other is a negative electrode lead.

[0071] The battery cell 110 can be manufactured by attaching two ends 114a and 114b of the pouch-type housing 114 and a side portion 114c connecting the two ends 114a and 114b while the electrode assembly (not shown) is housed in the battery housing 114. In other words, the battery cell 110 according to certain embodiments of this disclosure has a total of three sealing portions 114s, wherein the sealing portions 114s have a structure sealed by a method such as melting, and the remaining side portion may be composed of a folded portion 115. That is, the battery cell 110 according to this embodiment can be a pouch-type secondary battery in which the electrode assembly is housed inside the pouch-type housing 114 and the outer peripheral side of the battery housing 114 is sealed to form the sealing portions 114s. Figure 6 In this paper, only the state in which the sealing part 114s is formed at the two ends 114a and 114b of the bag housing 114 is shown, and the sealing part is not shown on the side facing the folding part 115. However, after sealing is completed, the sealing part on the side facing the folding part 115 can be folded to one side for space utilization.

[0072] The pouch housing 114 of the laminate may include an inner resin layer for sealing, a metal layer for preventing material penetration, and an outermost resin layer. Based on the electrode assembly inside the pouch housing 114, the inner resin layer may be located on the innermost side, the outer resin layer may be located on the outermost side, and the metal layer may be located between the inner and outer resin layers.

[0073] The outer resin layer exhibits excellent tensile strength and weather resistance relative to its thickness, and can also demonstrate electrical insulation properties to protect the electrode assembly from external influences. This outer resin layer may include polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin or nylon resin. A metal layer prevents air, moisture, etc., from entering the pouch cell. This metal layer may include aluminum (Al). With the electrode assembly embedded, the inner resin layers can be thermally fused together by applied heat and / or pressure. This inner resin layer may include cast polypropylene (CPP) or polypropylene (PP).

[0074] The pouch-type housing 114 is divided into two parts, and a concave housing portion can be formed in at least one of these two parts, in which the electrode assembly can be seated. Along the outer periphery of the housing portion, the inner resin layers of the two parts of the pouch-type housing 114 can be joined together to provide a seal 114s. By sealing the pouch-type housing in this way, a battery cell 110 as a pouch-type secondary battery can be produced.

[0075] Multiple battery cells 110 can be configured within the battery module 100. As an example, multiple battery cells 110 can be stacked along one direction to electrically connect with each other, thereby forming a battery cell stack 120. As an example, multiple battery cells 110 can be stacked upright along a direction parallel to the x-axis. With one side of a battery cell 110 parallel to the side surface 212 of the bottom frame 210, the battery cells 110 can be stacked from one side surface 212 of the bottom frame 210 to the other side surface 212. Thus, electrode leads 111 can protrude in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction of the battery cells 110. In the battery cell 110, one electrode lead 111 can protrude towards the y-axis direction, and another electrode lead 111 can protrude towards the -y-axis direction. If the battery cell has electrode leads 111 protruding only in one direction, the electrode leads 111 can protrude in either the y-axis direction or the -y-axis direction.

[0076] Meanwhile, the battery module 100 according to this embodiment may include a module frame 200 for accommodating battery cells 110. For example, a battery cell stack 120 may be accommodated inside the module frame 200. A discharge portion 220V according to this embodiment may be formed on the upper surface of the module frame 200.

[0077] Specifically, the module frame 200 according to this embodiment may include a bottom frame 210 on which a battery cell 110 is placed and a top cover assembly 220 covering the upper part of the battery cell 110. The discharge portion 220V according to this embodiment may be formed in the top cover assembly 220. The battery cell 110 may be accommodated in the space formed by the bottom frame 210 and the top cover assembly 220. The bottom frame 210 and the top cover assembly 220 may be connected at their respective corners by welding or the like, so that the module frame 200 may cover the upper, lower, and two sides of the battery cell stack 120.

[0078] For example, the bottom frame 210 according to this embodiment may include a bottom 211 and two side surface portions 212. The two side surface portions 212 may extend upward from two opposite sides of the bottom 211 in a direction perpendicular to one surface of the bottom 211. The bottom 211 and the two side surface portions 212 may cover the lower surface and the two side surface portions of the battery cell stack 120. As described above, one surface of the battery cell 110 in the battery cell stack 120 is parallel to the side surface portion 212 of the bottom frame 210, and the battery cells 110 may be stacked in a direction from one side surface portion 212 to the other. (Referring later...) Figures 9 to 19 The detailed structure of the top cover assembly 220 according to this embodiment is described.

[0079] Meanwhile, in the battery module 100 according to this embodiment, the first end plate 310 and the second end plate 320 can be respectively arranged on one side and the opposite side of the battery cell stack 120 in the direction in which the electrode leads 111 protrude. The first end plate 310 and the second end plate 320 can be joined to the module frame 200 by a method such as welding. The module frame 200, the first end plate 310 and the second end plate 320 can include metallic materials to have a predetermined strength. The battery cell stack 120 can be covered by the module frame 200, the first end plate 310 and the second end plate 320 to protect the battery cell stack 120 from external impacts, vibrations, etc.

[0080] Meanwhile, the battery module 100 according to this embodiment may include a first busbar frame 410 and a second busbar frame 420 respectively covering one surface of the battery cell stack 120 in the direction in which the electrode leads 111 protrude and their opposite surfaces. The first busbar frame 410 may be located between the battery cell stack 120 and the first end plate 310, and the second busbar frame 420 may be located between the battery cell stack 120 and the second end plate 320. The first busbar frame 410 and the second busbar frame 420 may include electrically insulating material and may prevent the busbar 510 or terminal busbar 520 described below from contacting any part of the battery cell 110 other than the electrode leads 111, thereby preventing a short circuit.

[0081] Busbar 510, terminal busbar 520, module connector 530, etc., can be mounted onto each of the first busbar frame 410 and the second busbar frame 420. Specifically, busbar 510, terminal busbar 520, module connector 530, etc., can be mounted onto the surfaces of the first busbar frame 410 and the second busbar frame 420 opposite to the surface facing the battery cell stack 120. Busbar 510 can be electrically connected to the electrode leads 111 of the battery cell 110. As an example, busbar 510 and electrode leads 111 can be joined by soldering. Slits are formed in the first busbar frame 410 and the second busbar frame 420, and electrode leads 111 can pass through the slits and connect to busbar 510. Battery cells 110 can be electrically connected in series or in parallel via busbar 510.

[0082] The terminal busbar 520 can be electrically connected to the electrode leads 111, and a portion thereof can be exposed to the outside of the battery module 100. The battery module 100 can form an HV (high voltage) connection with other battery modules or electrical devices via the terminal busbar 520. Here, an HV connection is used as a connection for providing power that requires high voltage, and refers to a connection between battery cells or between battery modules.

[0083] The module connector 530 may have the function of transmitting voltage information of the battery cell 110 or temperature information inside the battery module 100 to the outside. Therefore, a portion of the module connector 530 may also be exposed to the outside of the battery module 100.

[0084] Next, the discharge section and the protrusion according to this embodiment will be described.

[0085] Figure 7 It shows along Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a portion of the cross section cut by the cutting line A-A'. Figure 8 It shows along Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a portion of the cross section intercepted by the cutting line B-B'. However, Figure 7 and Figure 8 It shows Figure 1 The battery pack cover 1200 covers the upper part of the battery pack frame 1100.

[0086] Refer to together Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The upper surface of the battery module 100 is provided with an exhaust portion 220V for emitting exhaust gas VG and a protrusion 600 protruding upward from the upper surface of the battery module 100, as described above.

[0087] In this disclosure, the discharge section 220V is collectively referred to as a mechanism for discharging the high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat generated inside the battery module 100 to the outside of the battery module 100. That is, the structure or shape of the discharge section 220V is not particularly limited, as long as it can discharge the high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat generated inside the battery module 100 due to a thermal event. In the case of the battery module 100 according to this embodiment, the high-temperature exhaust gas and heat caused by a thermal event can be discharged upward through the discharge section 220V.

[0088] At this time, the protrusion 600 protruding upward from the upper surface of the battery module 100 ensures and maintains the exhaust space VS, through which high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat can flow between the battery module 100 and the battery pack cover 1200. To protect the battery pack 1000 from the effects of high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat generated by thermal events or thermal runaway, and to stably exhaust the high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat to the outside of the battery pack 1000, the exhaust space VS must be stably ensured and maintained within the battery pack 1000. If the battery pack cover 1200 bends inward or adheres tightly to the battery module 100, and sufficient exhaust space VS is not ensured and maintained, the high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat emitted from the exhaust portion 220V of the battery module 100 will be difficult to exhaust to the outside of the battery pack 1000. If the high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat cannot be smoothly exhausted to the outside of the battery pack 1000, it may lead to an explosion or fire of the battery pack 1000. Therefore, in this embodiment, a protrusion 600 protruding upward from the upper surface of the battery module 100 is provided, thereby realizing a structure that can support the battery pack cover 1200. The degree of protrusion of the protrusion 600 is not particularly limited, as long as it ensures a minimum exhaust space VS. The degree of protrusion of the protrusion 600 can be adjusted by taking into account the size of the battery module 100, the distance between the battery module 100 and the battery pack cover 1200, etc., and the protrusion 600 can either contact the battery pack cover 1200 or be spaced apart from it. That is, in the case of the battery pack 1000 according to this embodiment, since an exhaust space VS for the passage of high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat flow can be ensured and maintained between the battery module 1000 and the battery pack cover 1200, the safety of the battery pack 1000 is improved.

[0089] There is no particular limitation on the number of protrusions 600, but it is preferred that the number be multiple, so that the protrusions 600 can be evenly distributed on the entire upper surface of the battery module 100 in order to ensure and maintain the exhaust space VS.

[0090] There are no particular limitations on the specific shape or structure of the protrusion 600, as long as it protrudes from the upper surface of the battery module 100. The specific shape of the protrusion 600 will be described in detail below as an illustrative example of this disclosure.

[0091] Figure 9 This is a perspective view showing a top cover assembly included in a battery module according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 10 This is an exploded perspective view of a top cover assembly according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 11 It is shown Figure 10 A perspective view of the top plate of the top cover assembly. Figure 12 It is shown Figure 11 A partial magnified perspective view of section "C". Figure 13 It is shown Figure 10 A perspective view of the top cover of the top cover assembly. Figure 14 It is shown Figure 13 A partially enlarged perspective view of section "D". Figure 15 This is a partial perspective view showing the top plate and rivet nuts according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 16 This is a partial perspective view showing the top plate, rivets, nuts, and protrusions according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 17 This is a partial perspective view showing the top cover assembly, rivets, nuts, and protrusions according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0092] Refer to together Figure 4 , Figures 7 to 17 According to this embodiment, the protrusion 600 can be formed on the module frame 200. More specifically, the protrusion 600 can be formed in the top cover assembly 220 of the module frame 200.

[0093] According to this embodiment, the nut hole 221NH may be formed on the upper surface of the battery module 100, and the protrusion 600 may include a flange bolt 610 inserted into the nut hole 221NH.

[0094] Nut hole 221NH refers to a threaded hole into which flange bolt 610 can be bolted. Flange bolt 610 may include a threaded cylindrical fastening portion 611 and a flange portion 612 located at one end of the fastening portion 611. The fastening portion 611 of flange bolt 610 can be bolted into nut hole 221NH.

[0095] The specific shape of the nut hole 221NH is not particularly limited if threads are formed internally. As an example, the nut hole 221NH can have the form of a through hole 221H formed on the upper surface of the battery module 100, into which a rivet nut 221N is inserted. Specifically, the top cover assembly 220 according to this embodiment may include a top plate 221 located on the upper surface of the battery cell 110 and a top cover 222 covering the upper surface of the top plate 221. A through hole 221H can be formed in this top plate 221, and a threaded rivet nut 221N can be fitted into this through hole 221H, thereby providing the nut hole 221NH according to this embodiment. Figure 15 The image shows the state of the rivet nut 221N before it is assembled into the through hole 221H of the top plate 221, and... Figure 16 The figure shows the state after the rivet nut 221N is assembled into the through hole 221H of the top plate 221. Through the structure of the through hole 221H and the rivet nut 221N, the nut hole 221NH can be easily provided on the upper surface of the battery module 100. Although not specifically shown in the figure, in some other embodiments of this disclosure, threads can also be formed directly inside the through hole 221H of the top plate 221. However, due to the material properties of the top plate 221, it may be difficult to form threads directly inside the through hole 221H; therefore, the structure in which the rivet nut 221N is assembled into the through hole 221H may be more suitable.

[0096] In this embodiment, the protrusion 600 protruding upward from the upper surface of the battery module 100 can be easily realized through the nut hole 221NH and the flange bolt 610 connected thereto.

[0097] Meanwhile, the top cover hole 222H may have a top cover hole 222H formed therein at a position corresponding to the through hole 221H of the top plate 221. When the top cover 222 is disposed on the upper surface of the top plate 221, the rivet nut 221N or the flange bolt 610 may pass through the top cover hole 222H.

[0098] Furthermore, the protrusion 600 according to this embodiment may also include a spacer 620 located between the flange portion 612 of the flange bolt 610 and the upper surface of the battery module 100. Specifically, the spacer 620 may be located between the flange portion 612 of the flange bolt 610 and the top cover 222 of the top cover assembly 220. The spacer 620 may be an annular member with a predetermined height, and the rivet nut 221N or the fastening portion 611 of the flange bolt 610 may be inserted into the central hole of the spacer 620.

[0099] The overall height of the protrusion 600 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the spacer 620. As described above, the degree of protrusion of the protrusion 600, which ensures the minimum emission space VS, can be adjusted based on the size of the battery module 100 and the distance between the battery module 100 and the battery pack cover 1200. In this case, the degree of protrusion of the protrusion 600, i.e., the overall height of the protrusion 600, can be easily adjusted by installing the spacer 620 with the desired height.

[0100] If based on Figures 15 to 17 Describing the process of forming the top cover assembly 220 and the assembly sequence of the protrusion 600, a through hole 221H can first be formed in the top plate 221. Subsequently, a rivet nut 221N can be press-fitted into the through hole 221H. This top plate 221 can then be joined to the bottom frame 210 (see...). Figure 4 A welded joint can be applied to the junction between the top plate 221 and the bottom frame 210. Then, as... Figure 17 As shown, the top cover 222 can be disposed on the upper surface of the top plate 221, and then the spacer 620 can be assembled into the rivet nut 221N. Finally, the flange bolt 610 can be assembled by bolting it to the rivet nut 221N in the nut hole 221NH. Through this process, the modular frame 200 structure with the protrusion 600 can be realized.

[0101] As described above, the discharge section 220V is collectively referred to as a mechanism for discharging the high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat generated inside the battery module 100 to the outside of the battery module 100. The structure of the discharge section with an exhaust hole and a rupture section according to this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0102] Figure 18 This is a plan view of the top plate according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure when viewed from above. Figure 19 This is a plan view of the top cover according to certain embodiments of this disclosure, viewed from above. Specifically, Figure 18 and Figure 19 These are plan views of the top plate and top cover when viewed along the -z axis in the xy plane.

[0103] Refer to together Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figures 10 to 14 , Figure 18 and Figure 19The module frame 200 may include a bottom frame 210 on which the battery cell 110 is placed and a top cover assembly 220 covering the upper part of the battery cell 110, and a discharge portion 220V may be formed in the top cover assembly 220. The top cover assembly 220 may include a top plate 221 located on the upper part of the battery cell 110 and a top cover 222 covering the upper surface of the top plate 221.

[0104] The discharge section 220V according to this embodiment may include a discharge hole 221VH formed in the top plate 221 and a rupture section 222R formed in the top cover 222 and positioned corresponding to the discharge hole 221VH. The rupture section 222R may have a structure that ruptures under a specified pressure or higher.

[0105] The discharge hole 221VH can be a perforation formed in the top plate 221. The rupture portion 222R can cover the discharge hole 221VH at the upper part of the top plate 221.

[0106] An opening 222P can be formed in the area surrounding the rupture portion 222R, excluding the connecting portion 222C. The opening 222P refers to a perforated portion of the top cover 222. According to this embodiment, the rupture portion 222R can be connected to the top cover 222 via the connecting portion 222C. In other words, the rupture portion 222R can be provided in the top cover 222 in such a way that the perforated opening 222P is formed in the top cover 222, excluding only the connecting portion 222C.

[0107] Furthermore, when viewed along a direction perpendicular to one surface of the top cover 222, the opening 222P can be located on the outer periphery of the discharge port 221VH. Viewing along a direction perpendicular to one surface of the top cover 222 can correspond to viewing along the -z axis direction in the xy plane, as... Figure 3 , Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown. Furthermore, in Figure 8 , Figure 18 and Figure 19 In the figures, it is shown that in any of the discharge holes 221VH, the opening 222P is provided outside the discharge hole 221VH.

[0108] When the discharge section 220V is observed from the inside of the battery module 100 through the above structure, the discharge hole 221VH is blocked by the rupture portion 222R, and the opening 222P is covered by the top plate 221. In other words, the discharge hole 221VH is formed in a region further inward than the opening 222P. Therefore, when observed from the inside of the battery module 100, only the rupture portion 222R is exposed through the discharge hole 221VH, while the opening 222P is not exposed.

[0109] As a result, under typical conditions without a thermal event, the vent 220V does not release internal gas because the vent 221VH is blocked by the rupture portion 222R. However, if high-temperature exhaust gas and heat are generated inside the battery module 100 due to a thermal event or thermal runaway, and the internal pressure of the battery module 100 increases, the rupture portion 222R may rupture. Specifically, if the increased internal pressure of the battery module 100 exceeds the limit strength of the connection portion 222C, the connection portion 222C may break, and the rupture portion 222R may separate from the top cover 222. Thus, the vent 221VH opens, and the high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat can be released to the outside of the battery module 100 through the vent 221VH. More specifically, the high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat can be released through the vent 221VH into the exhaust space VS between the battery pack cover 1200 and the battery module 100. The high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat flowing along the exhaust space VS can be discharged to the outside of the battery pack 1000 by an exhaust device (not shown) provided in the battery pack frame 1100 or battery pack cover 1200.

[0110] At the same time, refer to again Figures 7 to 10 and Figures 14 to 17 According to this embodiment, the top cover 222 can be fixed between the top plate 221 and the flange bolt 610. Specifically, the top cover 222 can be fixed between the top plate 221 and the flange portion 612 of the flange bolt 610. More specifically, the top cover 222 can be fixed between the top plate 221 and the spacer 620.

[0111] According to this embodiment, the flange bolt 610 and spacer 620 can perform the functions of ensuring and maintaining the vent space VS as described above, as well as securing the top cover 222 to the battery module 100. If the top cover 222 is removed from the top of the battery module 100, the vent space VS may not be maintained. That is, securing the top cover 222 to the battery module 100 can effectively ensure and maintain the vent space VS between the battery module 100 and the battery pack cover 1200.

[0112] As an example, the top plate 221 according to this embodiment can be welded and joined to the bottom frame 210, which includes a metal material (see [link]). Figure 4 On the other hand, the top cover 222 may comprise FRB silicone material or MICA material. To ensure that the connection 222C of the connection rupture portion 222R ruptures under a specified pressure, the top cover 222 may not be made of metal. Even if a welded joint cannot be achieved between the top plate 221 and the top cover 222, the top cover 222 can be secured to the top plate 221 by flange bolts 610 and spacers 620. Regarding the materials of the top plate 221 and the top cover 222, securing the top cover 222 with flange bolts 610 and spacers 620 may be useful.

[0113] Figure 20 and Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to a modified embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0114] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 20 and Figure 21 According to a modified embodiment of this disclosure, the battery pack may further include a heat-resistant sheet 1300 attached to the lower surface of the battery pack cover 1200 located between the battery module 100 and the battery pack cover 1200. The heat-resistant sheet 1300 can protect the battery pack cover 1200 from the effects of high-temperature exhaust gases (VG) and heat emitted from the battery module 100. As an example, the heat-resistant sheet 1300 may be a sheet-like material containing MICA and may be attached to the lower surface of the battery pack cover 1200 by a heat-resistant adhesive.

[0115] According to this embodiment, the protrusion 600 can protrude from the upper surface of the battery module 100 toward the heat-resistant sheet 1300. The protrusion 600 can face the heat-resistant sheet 1300. The heat-resistant sheet 1300 is provided to protect the battery pack cover 1200 from the effects of high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat, but over time, the performance of the heat-resistant adhesive may deteriorate due to heat, and the heat-resistant sheet 1300 may separate from the battery pack cover 1200.

[0116] Without the protrusion 600 extending towards the heat-resistant sheet 1300, the disassembled heat-resistant sheet 1300 would cover the exhaust portion 220V, and the high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat could not be properly discharged. On the other hand, in this embodiment, even if the heat-resistant sheet 1300 is separated from the battery pack cover 1200, the protrusion 600 can support the separated heat-resistant sheet 1300, thereby ensuring and maintaining the exhaust space VS between the battery module 100 and the heat-resistant sheet 1300. That is, in the case of the battery pack 1000 according to this embodiment, since the exhaust space VS through which the high-temperature exhaust gas VG and heat flow can be ensured and maintained between the battery module 100 and the heat-resistant sheet 1300, the safety of the battery pack 1000 is improved.

[0117] Figure 22 and Figure 23 This is a cross-sectional view showing the discharge section according to certain other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0118] Reference Figure 22 and Figure 23As described above, the discharge sections 220V' and 220V" are collectively referred to as mechanisms for discharging high-temperature exhaust gases and heat generated inside the battery module to the outside of the battery module. According to certain other embodiments of this disclosure, the discharge section 220V' may be a portion with a thickness smaller than the adjacent area to discharge high-temperature exhaust gases and heat. Specifically, the top cover assembly 220' of the module frame 200 may be in the form of a single plate, and the discharge section 220V' may be a portion with a thickness smaller than the surrounding area of ​​the top cover assembly 220'. When high-temperature exhaust gases and heat are generated and the internal pressure of the battery module increases, the relatively thin discharge section 220V' may rupture, and the high-temperature exhaust gases and heat may be discharged.

[0119] Meanwhile, according to certain other embodiments of this disclosure, the discharge section 220V” may be a portion having a groove 220G formed along its periphery to discharge high-temperature exhaust gases and heat. Specifically, the top cover assembly 220” of the module frame 200 may be in the form of a single plate, and the discharge section 220V” may be the inner side of the groove 220G formed in the top cover assembly 220”. When high-temperature exhaust gases and heat are generated and the internal pressure of the battery module increases, the groove 220G may rupture first, and the discharge section 220V” may open to discharge the high-temperature exhaust gases and heat.

[0120] Figure 24 This is a perspective view showing a first end plate and a second end plate, as well as a first insulating cover and a second insulating cover, according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0121] Refer to together Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 24 According to certain embodiments of this disclosure, the battery module 100 may include a first insulating cover 810 covering the inner surface of a first end plate 310 and a second insulating cover 820 covering the inner surface of a second end plate 320. The first insulating cover 810 may be located between the first end plate 310 and the first busbar frame 410, and the second insulating cover 820 may be located between the second end plate 320 and the second busbar frame 420. The first insulating cover 810 and the second insulating cover 820 may include electrically insulating material and may prevent the first end plate 310 and the second end plate 320 from contacting the electrode leads 111 or the busbar 510, thereby preventing a short circuit.

[0122] Figure 25 This is a perspective view showing the bottom frame and heat sink according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0123] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 25According to certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery module 100 may further include a heat sink 700 located below the bottom 211 of the bottom frame 210. The heat sink 700 may include a base 710 connected to the bottom 211 and a recess 720 formed downward from the base 710. A weld joint may be applied to the joint between the bottom 211 and the base 710.

[0124] The battery module 100 can be cooled when the coolant flows in the space between the bottom 211 and the recess 720. The coolant is a medium used for cooling and is not particularly limited, but can be cooling water. That is, the battery module 100 according to this embodiment can have a water-cooled cooling structure. An inlet 730 and an outlet 740 can be provided in the bottom 211. The coolant flowing in through the inlet 730 can flow along the space between the bottom 211 and the recess 720 and is then discharged through the outlet 740.

[0125] Furthermore, the battery module 100 may also include a thermal resin layer 900 located between the battery cell 110 and the bottom 211 of the bottom frame 210. The thermal resin layer 900 may include a thermal resin. The thermal resin layer 900 may be formed on the bottom 211. The thermal resin may include a thermally conductive adhesive material, and specifically, may include at least one of a silicone material, a polyurethane material, or an acrylic material. The thermal resin may be in a liquid state during the coating process or cured after coating to fix the battery cell 110. In addition, it has excellent thermal conductivity and can quickly transfer the heat generated from the battery cell 110 to the coolant of the heat sink 700 to prevent the battery module 100 from overheating.

[0126] In the above embodiments, expressions indicating direction, such as "front," "back," "left," "right," "up," and "down," are used. These expressions are used only for ease of description and may vary, for example, depending on the position of the target object or the observer.

[0127] One or more battery modules according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure can be installed together with various control and protection systems such as a battery management system (BMS), a battery disconnect unit (BDU), and a cooling system to form a battery pack.

[0128] Battery packs can be used in a variety of devices, including vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric vehicles, and hybrid vehicles, as well as energy storage systems (ESS). However, they are not limited to these applications; battery packs can also be used in various devices that utilize rechargeable batteries.

[0129] Although the present disclosure has been described and illustrated above with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments, but also includes various modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art using the concepts defined in the appended claims.

[0130] [Description of reference numerals in the attached figures]

[0131] 100: Battery Components

[0132] 110: Battery Cells

[0133] 120: Battery cell stack

[0134] 200: Module Framework

[0135] 210: Bottom Frame

[0136] 220: Top cover assembly

[0137] 220V: Emission section

[0138] 600: Protrusion

[0139] 610: Flange bolt

[0140] 620: Spacer

[0141] 1000: Battery pack

[0142] 1100: Battery pack frame

[0143] 1200: Battery pack cover

Claims

1. A battery pack, the battery pack comprising: At least one battery module, the at least one battery module comprising a plurality of battery cells; A battery pack frame, the upper part of which is open and accommodates at least one of the battery modules; as well as A battery pack cover that covers the open upper part of the battery pack frame; The discharge section for discharging exhaust gases is formed on the upper surface of the battery module, and The battery module includes a protrusion that projects upward from the upper surface of the battery module.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, in, The protrusion extends from the upper surface of the battery module toward the battery pack cover.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, The battery pack also includes a heat-resistant sheet attached to the lower surface of the battery pack cover.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, in, The protrusion extends from the upper surface of the battery module toward the heat-resistant sheet.

5. The battery pack according to claim 3, in, The protrusion faces the heat-resistant sheet.

6. The battery pack according to claim 1, in, A nut hole is formed on the upper surface of the battery module, and The protrusion includes a flange bolt that is inserted into the nut hole.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, in, The nut hole has the form of a through hole formed by inserting a rivet nut into the upper surface of the battery module.

8. The battery pack according to claim 6, in, The flange bolt includes a threaded fastening portion and a flange portion located at one end of the fastening portion.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, in, The protrusion includes a spacer located between the flange and the upper surface of the battery module.

10. The battery pack according to claim 1, in, The battery module includes a module frame that houses the battery cells, and The emission section is formed on the upper surface of the module frame.

11. The battery pack according to claim 1, in, The battery module includes a module frame that houses the battery cells. The module frame includes a bottom frame on which the battery cell is placed and a top cover assembly covering the upper part of the battery cell. The discharge section is formed in the top cover assembly.

12. The battery pack according to claim 11, in, The top cover assembly includes a top plate located on the upper part of the battery cell and a top cover covering the upper surface of the top plate.

13. The battery pack according to claim 12, in, The discharge section includes a discharge hole formed in the top plate and a rupture formed in the top cover and positioned corresponding to the discharge hole. The ruptured portion has a structure that allows it to rupture under a specified pressure or higher.

14. The battery pack according to claim 13, in, An opening is formed in the area surrounding the fractured portion, excluding the connecting portion, and The ruptured portion is connected to the top cover via the connecting portion.

15. The battery pack according to claim 14, in, When viewed along a direction perpendicular to one surface of the top cover, the opening is located on the outer periphery of the discharge hole.

16. The battery pack according to claim 12, in, A nut hole is formed in the top cover assembly, and The protrusion includes a flange bolt that inserts into the nut hole, and The top cover is fixed between the top plate and the flange bolt.

17. The battery pack according to claim 1, in, The discharge section is a portion having a thickness smaller than that of the adjacent area, or a portion forming a groove along the periphery of the discharge section.

18. An apparatus comprising a battery pack according to claim 1.

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