Integrated equipment for quickly decomposing and returning corn straws to field and reconstructing plough layer of soil
The integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil topsoil by integrating spraying and tilling components solves the problem of the single function of existing equipment, realizes the simultaneous operation of rapid composting of straw and soil structure improvement, and improves agricultural production efficiency and soil fertility.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511174025.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing straw return and soil tillage equipment has limited functionality, requires multiple operations, increases costs and time, and lacks the ability to process straw and soil in a coordinated manner, thus affecting agricultural production efficiency and soil fertility.
An integrated device for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer was designed. It integrates a spraying component, a soil turning component, and a flow guiding component to achieve coordinated operation of stalk crushing, composting agent spraying, stalk-soil mixing, and soil tillage layer reconstruction. The device uses a motor to drive the main pipe to rotate and a flow guiding plate to disperse the stalks, ensuring uniform distribution and mixing.
This approach enables the simultaneous completion of rapid straw decomposition and soil structure improvement, thereby increasing agricultural production efficiency, reducing costs, promoting soil fertility and crop growth, and ensuring that straw is converted into high-quality organic fertilizer in a short period of time.
Smart Images
Figure CN121128355A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural resource recycling technology, specifically to an integrated device for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer. Background Technology
[0002] In the process of sustainable agricultural development, the importance of agricultural resource recycling technology is becoming increasingly prominent. Corn, as one of my country's important food crops, is widely planted, generating a huge amount of corn stalks each year. Traditional methods of handling corn stalks, such as burning, not only cause serious air pollution but also damage soil structure, reduce soil fertility, and affect crop growth and yield. While directly returning corn stalks to the field can achieve resource reuse to some extent, it suffers from slow decomposition. Incompletely decomposed stalks decompose slowly in the soil, affecting the sowing and growth of the next season's crops, leading to uneven emergence and poor growth. Meanwhile, soil topsoil structure is crucial for crop growth. A reasonable topsoil structure provides a good growth environment for crop roots, promotes root development, and enhances the crop's ability to absorb water and nutrients. However, long-term unreasonable farming practices, such as excessive deep plowing or shallow plowing, easily lead to problems such as shallow topsoil, soil compaction, and decreased soil fertility, seriously affecting the sustainable development of agricultural production.
[0003] Currently, while some equipment exists on the market for straw return and soil tillage, most are single-function, capable of performing only one task in either process. For example, some straw crushing and returning machines can only crush straw and spread it on the soil surface, failing to achieve rapid straw decomposition; while some soil tillage machinery, such as rotary tillers and plows, can only till the soil and cannot process straw simultaneously. This single-function equipment not only increases agricultural production costs but also requires multiple operations, consuming significant time and manpower, thus reducing agricultural efficiency. Furthermore, existing straw return and soil tillage equipment lacks the ability to synergistically process straw and soil during operation. For instance, when returning straw, it doesn't consider thorough mixing of straw and soil, or the addition of nutrients and microorganisms needed for straw decomposition; when tilling soil, it doesn't combine straw return with soil tillage to improve soil structure and fertility. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the problems in existing technologies, this invention provides an integrated device for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer. This device solves the aforementioned problems by addressing the fact that while some equipment exists on the market for both stalk return and soil tillage, most are single-function, only capable of performing one task at a time. Such single-function equipment not only increases agricultural production costs but also requires multiple operations, consuming significant time and manpower, thus reducing agricultural efficiency. Furthermore, existing stalk return and soil tillage equipment lacks the ability to coordinate the processing of both stalks and soil during operation.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: an integrated device for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer, including a mounting frame; a material tank is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting frame, a material inlet is provided on one side of the upper end of the material tank, a spraying component is provided inside the material tank, a rotating component is provided on one side of the spraying component, a material outlet is provided at the bottom end of the material tank, a valve is provided on one side of the material outlet, and a flow guiding component is provided at the bottom end of the material outlet; a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting frame via a mounting base, a lifting plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, several telescopic rods are fixedly connected between the lifting plate and the mounting base, and a soil turning component is connected to the bottom end of the lifting plate via a buffer component; The spraying assembly includes a medicine box, which is fixed to the top of the material tank. The medicine box outlet is fixedly connected to a medicine outlet pipe. The bottom end of the medicine outlet pipe is provided with a main pipe. The bottom end of the medicine outlet pipe is movably inserted into the main pipe. The main pipe is rotatably connected to the material tank. Several side pipes are evenly fixed on the outside of the main pipe. Several atomizing nozzles are provided on the outside of the several side pipes. The soil turning component includes a mounting plate, on the bottom of which several sets of toothed rakes are evenly fixed. Several plow blocks are fixedly connected to one side of the mounting plate, and each of the plow blocks is fixedly connected to a shovel plate via a mounting rod.
[0006] Specifically, the rotating assembly includes a motor, which is fixed to the upper end of the material tank. A rotating shaft is fixed to the output end of the motor. The bottom end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the protective shell. The protective shell is fixed to the top wall of the material tank. A first gear is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft. A second gear meshes with one side of the first gear. The second gear is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the main pipe.
[0007] Specifically, the flow guiding assembly includes several flow guiding plates, the top of each flow guiding plate corresponding to the bottom of the discharge port, and mounting strips fixedly connected to both sides of the upper end of each flow guiding plate. Several lead screws are rotatably connected to the upper ends of two mounting strips, and mounting cylinders are threadedly connected to the upper ends of the lead screws. The top ends of the mounting cylinders are fixedly connected to the bottom of the material tank.
[0008] Specifically, the several guide vanes are arranged in a fan shape, with gaps between adjacent guide vanes, and the top of each guide vane is an arc surface.
[0009] Specifically, the buffer assembly includes a mounting block, which is fixed to the top of several shovel plates. Both sides of the mounting block are connected to pistons via several connecting rods. Both sides of the mounting block are provided with fixing blocks. Two fixing blocks are fixed to the bottom of the lifting plate. Both sides of the two fixing blocks are provided with several cavities. Several connecting rods and pistons are movably inserted into the corresponding cavities.
[0010] Specifically, the cross-section of each of the plow blocks is triangular, and each of the plow blocks corresponds to the gap between two corresponding shovels.
[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) The beneficial effects of the integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing soil tillage layer described in this invention: By setting a spraying component in the hopper, the composting agent can be accurately and evenly sprayed onto the corn stalks. The main pipe in the spraying component is rotatably connected to the hopper. With the help of the rotating component, the main pipe is rotated, so that the side pipes and atomizing nozzles on the outside of the main pipe can spray the stalks in all directions without dead angles, ensuring that the stalks can fully contact the composting agent. The composting agent contains rich microorganisms and nutrients, which can accelerate the decomposition and composting process of the stalks, so that the stalks can be transformed into high-quality organic fertilizers in a short time, providing rich nutrients to the soil and promoting the recycling of agricultural resources. (2) The beneficial effects of the integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer described in this invention: Through the cooperation of several plow blocks and shovels fixed on one side of the mounting plate, the shovels can deeply turn the soil, turning the bottom layer of soil to the top layer, improving the soil's layer structure. Then, the plow blocks evenly disperse the turned-up soil to prevent large-scale accumulation. Finally, several sets of toothed rakes evenly fixed at the bottom of the mounting plate finely loosen the soil, thoroughly mixing the straw with the soil, so that the composted straw is evenly distributed in the soil, providing a good growth environment for crop roots. This collaborative operation method can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increase soil fertility, and promote crop growth and development. (3) The beneficial effects of the integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer described in this invention: The guide component adopts several guide plates distributed in a fan shape, with gaps between adjacent guide plates, and the top of the guide plate is set as an arc surface. This design can make the stalks falling from the discharge port evenly dispersed on the soil surface, avoiding the stalks from piling up together and affecting the subsequent turning and mixing effect. At the same time, the upper sides of the guide plate are rotatably connected to screw rods through mounting strips, and the upper end of the screw rods is threaded with an installation cylinder. By rotating the screw rods, the position of the guide plate can be adjusted, so as to flexibly adjust according to different operation requirements and the amount of stalks, ensuring the uniformity and accuracy of the discharge, and facilitating the installation and disassembly of the guide plate. Attached Figure Description
[0012] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil topsoil provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the soil turning component structure of the integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer provided by the present invention. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the buffer component structure of the integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer provided by the present invention. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the flow guiding component structure of the integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the hopper of the integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer provided by the present invention. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective shell of the integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer provided by the present invention.
[0014] In the diagram: 1. Mounting frame; 2. Material tank; 3. Inlet; 4. Spraying assembly; 41. Medicine box; 42. Discharge pipe; 43. Main pipe; 44. Side pipe; 45. Atomizing nozzle; 5. Rotating assembly; 51. Motor; 52. Shaft; 53. First gear; 54. Second gear; 55. Protective shell; 6. Flow guiding assembly; 61. Flow guide plate; 62. Mounting strip; 63. Lead screw; 64. Mounting cylinder; 7. Soil turning assembly; 71. Shovel plate; 72. Plow block; 73. Toothed rake; 74. Mounting plate; 75. Mounting rod; 8. Buffer assembly; 81. Mounting block; 82. Connecting rod; 83. Piston; 84. Fixing block; 85. Cavity; 9. Hydraulic cylinder; 10. Lifting plate; 11. Telescopic rod; 12. Mounting seat; 13. Valve; 14. Discharge port. Detailed Implementation
[0015] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0016] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides the following technical solution: Example 1: An integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer includes a mounting frame 1; a material tank 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting frame 1, a feeding port 3 is provided on one side of the upper end of the material tank 2, a spraying component 4 is provided inside the material tank 2, a rotating component 5 is provided on one side of the spraying component 4, a discharge port 14 is provided at the bottom end of the material tank 2, a valve 13 is provided on one side of the discharge port 14, a hydraulic cylinder 9 is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting frame 1 via a mounting base 12, a lifting plate 10 is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 9, several telescopic rods 11 are fixedly connected between the lifting plate 10 and the mounting base 12, and a soil turning component 7 is provided at the bottom end of the lifting plate 10. By integrating the two major functions of rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer into one, multiple tasks such as stalk crushing, composting agent spraying, stalk and soil mixing, and soil tillage layer reconstruction can be completed in one operation, which greatly shortens the operation time, improves agricultural production efficiency, and reduces production costs. The spraying assembly 4 includes a medicine tank 41, which is fixed to the top of the material tank 2. The medicine tank 41 has a medicine outlet pipe 42 fixedly connected to its outlet. The bottom end of the medicine outlet pipe 42 is provided with a main pipe 43, which is movably inserted into the main pipe 43. The main pipe 43 is rotatably connected to the material tank 2. Several side pipes 44 are evenly fixed on the outside of the main pipe 43. Several atomizing nozzles 45 are provided on the outside of the side pipes 44. The pump inside the medicine tank 41 delivers the medicine liquid through the medicine outlet pipe 42 to the main pipe 43 and the several side pipes 44. Then, the medicine liquid is evenly sprayed onto the corn stalk fragments in the material tank 2 through the several atomizing nozzles 45, which accelerates the decomposition and composting process of the stalks and turns them into high-quality organic fertilizer in a short time. The soil turning component 7 includes an installation plate 74. Several sets of toothed rakes 73 are evenly fixed to the bottom of the installation plate 74. Several plow blocks 72 are fixedly connected to one side of the installation plate 74. Each plow block 72 is fixedly connected to a shovel plate 71 via an installation rod 75. The cross-section of each plow block 72 is triangular. Each plow block 72 corresponds to the gap between two corresponding shovel plates 71. The plow blocks 72 and shovel plates 71 fixed to one side of the installation plate 74 work together to turn and disperse the soil. Finally, the soil is carefully loosened by several sets of toothed rakes 73, which fully mixes the straw with the soil and makes the decomposed straw evenly distributed in the soil, providing a good growth environment for the crop roots. The rotating assembly 5 includes a motor 51, which is fixed to the upper end of the material tank 2. A rotating shaft 52 is fixed to the output end of the motor 51. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 52 is rotatably connected to the protective shell 55, which is fixed to the top wall of the material tank 2. A first gear 53 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 52. A second gear 54 meshes with one side of the first gear 53. The second gear 54 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the main pipe 43. The motor 51 drives the first gear 53 and the second gear 54 to rotate through the rotating shaft 52, which in turn drives the main pipe 43 and several side pipes 44 installed on the main pipe 43 to rotate synchronously. This not only increases the spraying range of the liquid, but also allows the several side pipes 44 to stir and mix the corn stalk fragments during rotation, further improving the mixing degree of the liquid and the corn stalk fragments.
[0017] In use, the corn stalk fragments are first added into the feed tank 2 through the feed inlet 3. After the electric motor 51 is started, it drives the first gear 53 to rotate through the rotating shaft 52. The first gear 53 meshes with the second gear 54, thereby driving the main pipe 43 to rotate. The main pipe 43 drives the side pipes 44 and the atomizing nozzles 45 to rotate together. As the main pipe 43 rotates, the composting agent in the medicine tank 41 enters the main pipe 43 through the medicine outlet pipe 42, and then flows to each side pipe 44. Finally, it is evenly sprayed from the atomizing nozzles 45 onto the crushed corn stalks in the feed tank 2. As the main pipe 43 continues to rotate, the atomizing nozzle 45 can spray the straw from all directions, ensuring that the straw can fully contact the composting agent and providing favorable conditions for the rapid composting of the straw. Next, the device is connected to traction machinery such as a tractor, and the traction machinery is started to slowly drive the device into the farmland. After reaching the farmland, the hydraulic cylinder 9 is activated, driving the lifting plate 10 to descend, thereby allowing the tilling component 7 to penetrate deep into the farmland soil. As the traction equipment moves the device within the farmland, the valve 13 of the discharge port 14 at the bottom of the material tank 2 is opened, and the straw sprayed with composting agent falls from the discharge port 14 onto the farmland soil. While the material is being processed, the soil-turning component 7 begins to work. The shovel plate 71 first deeply turns the soil, bringing the bottom layer of soil to the top layer and improving the soil's layer structure. Then, the plow block 72 evenly disperses the turned-up soil to prevent large accumulations. Finally, several sets of toothed rakes 73, evenly fixed at the bottom of the mounting plate 74, carefully loosen the soil, thoroughly mixing the straw with the soil and ensuring that the decomposed straw is evenly distributed in the soil, providing a good growth environment for crop roots. This collaborative operation method can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increase soil fertility, and promote crop growth and development.
[0018] Example 2: The technical solution of this example, which differs from that of Example 1, further includes: a flow guiding component 6 is provided at the bottom of the discharge port 14. The flow guiding component 6 includes several flow guiding plates 61. The tops of the flow guiding plates 61 are all corresponding to the bottom of the discharge port 14. The upper sides of the flow guiding plates 61 are fixedly connected to the mounting strips 62. The upper ends of the two mounting strips 62 are rotatably connected to several screw rods 63. The upper ends of the screw rods 63 are threadedly connected to the mounting cylinders 64. The tops of the mounting cylinders 64 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the material tank 2. The flow guiding plates 61 are distributed in a fan shape. There is a gap between two adjacent flow guiding plates 61. The tops of the flow guiding plates 61 are all set as arc surfaces to disperse and guide the discharged corn stalk fragments.
[0019] When in use, as the straw sprayed with the composting agent falls from the discharge port 14, the guide component 6 comes into play. Several fan-shaped guide plates 61 evenly disperse the falling straw on the soil surface. The operator can adjust the position of the guide plates 61 by rotating the screw 63 according to the straw discharge and distribution uniformity, so that the straw can be spread more evenly in the farmland, and it is convenient to install and remove the guide plates 61.
[0020] Example 3: This example differs from Example 2 in that a buffer assembly 8 is provided between the lifting plate 10 and the soil turning assembly 7. The buffer assembly 8 includes a mounting block 81, which is fixed to the top of several shovel plates 71. Pistons 83 are connected to both sides of the mounting block 81 via several connecting rods 82. Fixing blocks 84 are provided on both sides of the mounting block 81. Both fixing blocks 84 are fixed to the bottom of the lifting plate 10. Several cavities 85 are provided on the opposite sides of the two fixing blocks 84. Several connecting rods 82 and pistons 83 are movably inserted into the corresponding cavities 85. During the soil turning process, when the shovel plates 71 encounter hard objects or when the soil resistance is large, the movement of the pistons 83 within the cavities 85 will generate negative pressure between the cavities 85 and the pistons 83, thereby providing a certain buffering effect, reducing the impact force on the equipment, and protecting the soil turning assembly 7 and other components from damage. This not only extends the service life of the equipment but also reduces the maintenance cost and improves the reliability and stability of the equipment.
[0021] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer, characterized in that: Including mounting bracket (1); The upper end of the mounting bracket (1) is fixedly connected to a material tank (2). The material tank (2) has a feed inlet (3) on one side of its upper end. The material tank (2) is equipped with a spraying assembly (4). The spraying assembly (4) has a rotating assembly (5) on one side. The material tank (2) has a discharge port (14) at its bottom end. The discharge port (14) has a valve (13) on one side. The discharge port (14) has a flow guiding assembly (6) at its bottom end. A hydraulic cylinder (9) is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting frame (1) via a mounting base (12). A lifting plate (10) is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (9). Several telescopic rods (11) are fixedly connected between the lifting plate (10) and the mounting base (12). The bottom end of the lifting plate (10) is connected to the soil turning component (7) via a buffer component (8). The spraying assembly (4) includes a medicine box (41), which is fixed at the top of the material tank (2). The medicine box (41) is fixedly connected to a medicine outlet pipe (42) at its outlet. The bottom end of the medicine outlet pipe (42) is provided with a main pipe (43). The bottom end of the medicine outlet pipe (42) is movably inserted into the main pipe (43). The main pipe (43) is rotatably connected to the material tank (2). Several side pipes (44) are evenly fixed on the outside of the main pipe (43). Several atomizing nozzles (45) are provided on the outside of the several side pipes (44). The soil turning component (7) includes a mounting plate (74), on which several sets of toothed rakes (73) are evenly fixed at the bottom. Several plow blocks (72) are fixedly connected to one side of the mounting plate (74), and each of the plow blocks (72) is fixedly connected to a shovel plate (71) by a mounting rod (75).
2. The integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly (5) includes a motor (51), which is fixed on the upper end of the material tank (2). A rotating shaft (52) is fixed at the output end of the motor (51). The bottom end of the rotating shaft (52) is rotatably connected to the protective shell (55). The protective shell (55) is fixed on the top wall of the material tank (2). A first gear (53) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (52). A second gear (54) meshes on one side of the first gear (53). The second gear (54) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the main pipe (43).
3. The integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guiding assembly (6) includes several flow guiding plates (61), the top of each of the flow guiding plates (61) corresponds to the bottom of the outlet (14), and mounting strips (62) are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper end of each of the flow guiding plates (61). Several screw rods (63) are rotatably connected to the upper ends of the two mounting strips (62), and mounting cylinders (64) are threadedly connected to the upper ends of the screw rods (63). The top of each of the mounting cylinders (64) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material tank (2).
4. The integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The several guide plates (61) are arranged in a fan shape, and there is a gap between two adjacent guide plates (61). The top of the several guide plates (61) is set as an arc surface.
5. The integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (8) includes a mounting block (81), which is fixed to the top of several shovel plates (71). Both sides of the mounting block (81) are connected to pistons (83) by several connecting rods (82). Both sides of the mounting block (81) are provided with fixing blocks (84). Both fixing blocks (84) are fixed to the bottom of the lifting plate (10). Both fixing blocks (84) are provided with several cavities (85) on opposite sides. Several connecting rods (82) and pistons (83) are movably inserted into the corresponding cavities (85).
6. The integrated equipment for rapid composting and returning corn stalks to the field and reconstructing the soil tillage layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of each of the plow blocks (72) is triangular, and each of the plow blocks (72) corresponds to the gap between two corresponding shovels (71).