Multifunctional fertilizing equipment for soil

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural equipment, in particular to multifunctional fertilizing equipment for soil, which comprises a tumbrel, the rotary drum is mounted on the tumbril, has rotating and lifting functions and is of a hollow structure, and the lower end of the rotary drum is in a pointed cone shape; a plurality of soil breaking cones are mounted on the rotary drum, all the soil breaking cones are distributed into a plurality of layers at equal intervals in the axial direction, and the soil breaking cones on each layer are arranged in an annular array mode; a plurality of through holes allowing the soil breaking cones to extend out and retract back are formed in the rotary drum; a driving assembly is connected to the tumbrel, is connected with the rotary drum and is used for driving the rotary drum to rotate and lift; an adjusting assembly is connected to the driving assembly and used for controlling the extending length of the soil breaking cone. A plurality of radial fertilization channels are formed in soil through the soil breaking cones capable of radially extending out in a layered manner, so that fertilizer can cover a plurality of soil layers distributed on root systems of fruit trees, and the situation that the fertilizer is intensively distributed in a fertilization blind area of a single depth in a traditional fertilization mode is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural equipment, and more particularly to a multifunctional soil fertilization device. Background Technology

[0002] Fruit tree cultivation is an important part of agricultural production, and scientific fertilization is one of the key technical measures to ensure high, stable, and high-quality fruit production. During specific growth stages of fruit trees, such as the flowering and young fruit stages, the trees have urgent and sensitive needs for nutrients. At this time, it is necessary to supplement water-soluble fertilizers in a timely and precise manner to meet their growth and development needs.

[0003] Currently, the traditional method commonly used by fruit farmers for this type of topdressing is to manually dig one or more fertilizer pits below the edge of the tree canopy projection, and then pour the pre-dissolved water-soluble fertilizer directly into the pits, relying on the soil's permeability to allow the fertilizer to be gradually absorbed by the tree's root system.

[0004] However, this traditional fertilization method has a significant drawback, severely affecting fertilization effectiveness and fertilizer utilization. The root system of fruit trees, especially the fibrous roots most capable of absorbing nutrients and water, is not evenly distributed at a fixed depth, but rather forms a three-dimensional, vast root network, with its terminal absorbing roots widely distributed across soil layers at different depths. When water-soluble fertilizer is directly poured into a relatively deep pit, due to gravity and the fluidity of the liquid, most of the fertilizer will quickly infiltrate and concentrate in a single soil layer at the bottom of the pit.

[0005] This centralized distribution pattern leads to two main problems:

[0006] First, it causes extremely uneven distribution of fertilizer in the vertical space. The soil in the upper layer of the pit can hardly be effectively infiltrated by fertilizer, which means that a large number of absorbing roots distributed in this soil layer cannot obtain nutrients in time, forming a "fertilization blind spot".

[0007] Secondly, excessive fertilizer concentrated in a small area at the bottom layer can easily lead to excessively high local soil solution concentrations, posing a risk of "root burn." Moreover, due to the limited absorption area of ​​the root system, a large amount of fertilizer may continue to seep down into the root distribution area with the water, resulting in nutrient waste and potential environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing pit fertilization methods, which easily lead to uneven distribution of fertilizer in the vertical soil layer and make it difficult to match the three-dimensional root system structure of fruit trees, this invention provides a multifunctional soil fertilization device.

[0009] The technical solution is as follows: A multifunctional soil fertilization device includes a fertilization vehicle; it also includes a rotating drum installed on the fertilization vehicle, the rotating drum having rotation and lifting functions, the rotating drum having a hollow structure, and its lower end being a pointed cone shape; several soil-breaking cones are installed on the rotating drum, all soil-breaking cones are distributed equidistantly along the axial direction in several layers, and the soil-breaking cones in each layer are arranged in a ring array; several through holes are opened on the rotating drum for the soil-breaking cones to extend and retract; a drive assembly is connected to the fertilization vehicle, the drive assembly being connected to the rotating drum, for driving the rotating drum to rotate and lift; an adjustment assembly is connected to the drive assembly, for controlling the extension length of the soil-breaking cones; a fertilizer delivery assembly is connected to the fertilization vehicle, the fertilizer delivery assembly being connected to the rotating drum.

[0010] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a hydraulic double-column lift mounted on the fertilizer applicator; a lifting plate is fixedly connected to the drive end of the hydraulic double-column lift; a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the lifting plate; a motor is fixedly connected to the connecting plate; a gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor; a rotating drum is rotatably connected to the lifting plate, and a gear ring that meshes with the gear is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating drum.

[0011] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes an electric push rod fixed to the connecting plate; a connecting rod is fixed to the drive end of the electric push rod, and the connecting rod is located inside the rotating cylinder; a number of inverted frustum-shaped push blocks are fixed equidistantly along the axial direction on the connecting rod, and the number of push blocks is consistent with the number of layers of the soil-breaking cone.

[0012] Preferably, the fertilizer delivery assembly includes a pump installed on a fertilizer truck; two fertilizer storage tanks are installed on the fertilizer truck; the pump inlet is connected to the two fertilizer storage tanks respectively through an electric three-way control valve, and the outlet is connected to a fertilizer delivery pipe; a round cover for sealing the upper port of the rotating drum is fixedly attached to the lower side of the connecting plate; the round cover is rotatably connected to the rotating drum; the fertilizer delivery pipe passes through the round cover and communicates with the inside of the rotating drum; the soil-breaking cone has a hollow structure, and a spring is fixedly attached between it and the inside of the rotating drum; the soil-breaking cone has a fertilizer inlet, and several fertilizer outlet holes are opened on its cone body, and all the fertilizer outlet holes on the soil-breaking cone are located on the same side.

[0013] Preferably, an anti-clogging ball is fixed next to each fertilizer outlet of the soil-breaking cone; the anti-clogging ball is located on the side of the fertilizer outlet facing the tip of the soil-breaking cone.

[0014] Preferably, a rubber sealing ring is installed at the through hole on the rotating drum.

[0015] As a preferred option, the fertilizer truck is equipped with an operation screen on its handle.

[0016] Preferably, the fertilizer truck chassis has two rotatable support feet.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes an air jet ring; the fertilizer truck is equipped with an air jet ring for cleaning the rotating drum, and the air jet ring has several annularly distributed air jet holes on its inner side, with the rotating drum located inside the air jet ring.

[0018] Preferably, the jet holes of the jet ring are inclined downwards.

[0019] Beneficial effects: This invention uses a layered, radially extending soil-breaking cone to form multiple radial fertilization channels in the soil, enabling fertilizer to cover multiple soil layers where the fruit tree roots are distributed, effectively avoiding the fertilization blind spots where fertilizer is concentrated in a single depth in traditional fertilization methods.

[0020] By spraying oblique airflow through the jet ring, the attached dirt is automatically removed during the drum lifting process, reducing manual cleaning and ensuring long-term stable operation of the equipment;

[0021] This invention can also be used for farmland soil improvement operations, where liquid fertilizer is evenly mixed in while the soil is being crushed and stirred, thereby improving soil fertility. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the multifunctional soil fertilization device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fertilizer applicator, hydraulic double-column lift, lifting plate, and jet ring of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating drum and fertilizer delivery assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating drum and drive assembly of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil-breaking cone and the adjusting component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the soil-breaking cone of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-fertilizer applicator, 1001-operation panel, 1002-support foot, 2-rotating drum, 3-soil-breaking cone, 3001-fertilizer inlet, 3002-fertilizer outlet, 3003-anti-clogging ball, 4-hydraulic double-column lift, 5-lifting plate, 6-connecting plate, 7-motor, 8-gear, 9-gear ring, 10-electric push rod, 11-connecting rod, 12-push block, 13-pump, 14-fertilizer storage tank, 15-fertilizer delivery pipe, 16-round cover, 17-air jet ring. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Example 1: A multifunctional soil fertilization device, such as... Figures 1-6 As shown, it includes a fertilizer applicator 1;

[0031] It also includes a rotating drum 2, a soil-breaking cone 3, a drive assembly, an adjustment assembly, and a fertilizer delivery assembly; the fertilizer applicator 1 is equipped with a rotating drum 2 that has rotation and lifting functions. The rotating drum 2 has a hollow structure and its lower end is set as a pointed cone. Several soil-breaking cones 3 are installed on the rotating drum 2. All soil-breaking cones 3 are distributed in several layers at equal intervals along the axial direction. The soil-breaking cones 3 in each layer are arranged in a ring array. Several through holes are opened on the rotating drum 2 for the soil-breaking cones 3 to extend and retract. Initially, the soil-breaking cones 3 are stored inside the rotating drum 2. The fertilizer applicator 1 is connected to the drive assembly, which is connected to the rotating drum 2. The drive assembly is connected to the adjustment assembly. The fertilizer applicator 1 is connected to the fertilizer delivery assembly, which is connected to the rotating drum 2.

[0032] The drive assembly includes a hydraulic double-column lift 4, a lifting plate 5, a connecting plate 6, a motor 7, a gear 8, and a gear ring 9; the fertilizer truck 1 is equipped with a hydraulic double-column lift 4; the driving end of the hydraulic double-column lift 4 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 5; the connecting plate 6 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 5; the motor 7 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the connecting plate 6; the output shaft of the motor 7 is fixedly connected to the gear 8; the rotating drum 2 is rotatably connected to the lifting plate 5, and the upper end of the rotating drum 2 is fixedly connected to the gear ring 9, which meshes with the gear 8.

[0033] The adjustment assembly includes an electric push rod 10, a connecting rod 11, and push blocks 12; the electric push rod 10 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 6; the driving end of the electric push rod 10 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 11, and the connecting rod 11 is located inside the rotating cylinder 2; several push blocks 12 are fixedly connected to the connecting rod 11 at equal intervals along the axial direction, and the push blocks 12 are in the shape of an inverted frustum, and the number of push blocks 12 is consistent with the number of layers of the soil-breaking cone 3.

[0034] The fertilizer delivery assembly includes a pump 13, a fertilizer storage tank 14, a fertilizer delivery pipe 15, and a round cover 16. The pump 13 is installed on the fertilizer vehicle 1. Two fertilizer storage tanks 14 are installed on the fertilizer vehicle 1. The pump 13's inlet is connected to the two fertilizer storage tanks 14 respectively through an electric three-way control valve, and the outlet is connected to the fertilizer delivery pipe 15. A round cover 16 is fixedly attached to the lower side of the connecting plate 6 to seal the upper port of the rotating drum 2. The round cover 16 is rotatably connected to the rotating drum 2. The fertilizer delivery pipe 15 passes through the round cover 16 and communicates with the inside of the rotating drum 2. The soil-breaking cone 3 has a hollow structure, and a spring is fixedly attached between it and the inside of the rotating drum 2. The section of the soil-breaking cone 3 located inside the rotating drum 2 has a fertilizer inlet 3001, and several fertilizer outlet holes 3002 are opened on its cone body. All fertilizer outlet holes 3002 on the soil-breaking cone 3 are located on the same side.

[0035] To prevent clogging, an anti-clogging ball 3003 is fixedly attached to each fertilizer outlet 3002 of the soil-breaking cone 3; the anti-clogging ball 3003 is located on the side of the fertilizer outlet 3002 facing the tip of the soil-breaking cone 3.

[0036] A rubber sealing ring is installed at the through hole on the rotating drum 2. It can deform to allow the anti-blocking ball 3003 to pass through while maintaining the seal at the through hole.

[0037] The fertilizer truck 1 has an operation panel 1001 installed on its handle so that users can centrally control the various mechanisms.

[0038] Two support feet 1002 are rotatably connected to the lower front of the fertilizer truck chassis to adapt to complex and uneven terrain, thereby enhancing the stability of the equipment.

[0039] The method of using the multifunctional soil fertilization device described in this invention is as follows:

[0040] The operator first pushes the fertilizer truck 1 to the predetermined fertilization position below the edge of the fruit tree canopy projection. If necessary, the support foot 1002 can be lowered to enhance stability. After starting the equipment, the electric push rod 10 is extended to push the connecting rod 11 and the inverted frustum-shaped push block 12 on it to move downward. The push block 12 contacts the inner end of each layer of soil-breaking cone 3 and pushes it radially out of the through hole of the rotating drum 2, thereby forming a drill bit with the rotating drum 2 to drill into the soil. The extension degree of the soil-breaking cone 3 can be controlled by the degree of downward movement of the push block 12 pushed by the electric push rod 10.

[0041] Then, the hydraulic double-column lifting platform 4 is started, pushing the lifting plate 5 down so that the tip of the rotating drum 2 contacts the soil. At the same time, the motor 7 drives the rotating drum 2 to rotate through the gear 8 and gear ring 9, causing it to spin into the soil. During this drilling process, the soil-breaking cone 3 can fully cut and break the soil. The fertilizer outlet 3002 is located on the side opposite to the rotation direction of the soil-breaking cone 3, so soil will not enter the fertilizer outlet 3002. When the rotating drum 2 reaches the predetermined depth, a fertilizer hole is formed. At this time, the hydraulic double-column lifting platform 4 and the motor 7 are stopped. The electric push rod 10 is controlled again to push the push block 12 downward, pushing the soil-breaking cone 3 further out of the through hole of the rotating drum 2, so that the soil-breaking cone 3 is inserted into the soil on the side wall of the fertilizer hole. Then, the pump 13 draws water-soluble fertilizer from the fertilizer storage tank 14 and inputs it into the rotating drum 2 through the fertilizer delivery pipe 15 and the round cover 16. Under pressure, the fertilizer enters the hollow interior of the soil breaking cone 3 through the fertilizer inlet 3001 and finally flows out from the fertilizer outlet 3002, injecting into the radial soil channels opened by each soil breaking cone 3. During the process of the soil breaking cone 3 drilling into the soil, the anti-blocking ball 3003 can push away the soil in the drilling direction of the fertilizer outlet 3002, effectively preventing the fertilizer outlet 3002 from being blocked by the soil. After fertilization is completed, the electric push rod 10 retracts, driving the push block 12 to move upward. The soil breaking cone 3 retracts under the action of the spring, and then the drive component lifts the rotating drum 2 out of the ground, and the equipment can be transferred to the next fertilization point.

[0042] The entire fertilization process is centrally controlled through the 1001 control panel, which ultimately achieves three-dimensional and uniform application of fertilizer in multiple depths and directions within the root distribution area of ​​fruit trees, effectively solving the drawbacks of traditional fertilization methods.

[0043] Example 2, based on Example 1, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it also includes an air jet ring 17; the fertilizer applicator 1 is equipped with an air jet ring 17, and the inner side of the air jet ring 17 has several annularly distributed air jet holes. The rotating drum 2 is located inside the air jet ring 17, and the air jet ring 17 is used to clean the rotating drum 2.

[0044] The jet holes of the jet ring 17 are inclined downwards, and the resulting inclined airflow can form a tangential force on the surface of the rotating drum 2, thus peeling off and blowing away the adhering material more effectively than vertical airflow.

[0045] In this embodiment, an air compressor is pre-installed on the fertilizer applicator 1 and connected to the jet ring 17. When the fertilization operation is completed, the rotating drum 2 is lifted from the soil by the hydraulic double-column lift 4. The air compressor starts and supplies air to the jet ring 17. High-pressure gas is ejected at high speed from the jet holes that are distributed in a ring and tilted downwards on the inner side of the jet ring 17, forming an inclined airflow that surrounds the rotating drum 2. This inclined airflow not only generates a downward scouring force on the surface of the rotating drum 2, but more importantly, it can form an effective tangential force. This allows it to peel off and blow away the soil and other adhering substances that adhere to the outer wall of the rotating drum 2 during the lifting process more efficiently than a vertical airflow, thus achieving automatic cleaning of the rotating drum 2, ensuring smooth subsequent operation and reducing maintenance. After cleaning, the equipment is reset and ready for the next fertilization operation.

[0046] Example 3, based on Example 1, involves installing two traveling wheels under the front of the fertilizer applicator 1 chassis. This equipment is also suitable for farmland soil improvement operations. Before planting crops, to evenly mix the liquid fertilizer with the soil to create a fertile soil environment, the electric push rod 10 can be controlled to push the push block 12 downwards, causing all the soil-breaking cones 3 to be radially pushed out from the through holes of the rotating drum 2. Subsequently, the hydraulic double-column lift 4 is activated to push the rotating drum 2 down to the position set according to the depth of the soil improvement layer and insert it into the farmland soil. At the same time, the motor 7 drives the rotating drum 2 to rotate through the gear 8 and the gear ring 9. The operator slowly pushes the fertilizer applicator 1 through the farmland. During this process, the extended soil-breaking cone 3 and the rotating drum 2 work together to effectively break up the soil layer and mix it. At the same time, the pump 13 is activated to draw liquid fertilizer from the fertilizer storage tank 14. Under pressure, the fertilizer is transported through the fertilizer delivery pipe 15 into the inside of the drum 2, and then enters the inside of the soil-breaking cone 3 through the fertilizer inlet 3001. Finally, it flows out from the fertilizer outlet 3002 and is directly injected into the soil being mixed. In this way, the purpose of evenly mixing liquid fertilizer into the soil while breaking up and mixing the soil is achieved, and the soil improvement operation is completed efficiently.

[0047] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention as defined by the claims. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments in this disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the invention; rather, the scope of protection is defined by the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A multifunctional soil fertilization device, comprising a fertilizer applicator (1); characterized in that, It also includes a rotating drum (2) installed on the fertilizer applicator (1). The rotating drum (2) has the functions of rotation and lifting. The rotating drum (2) is a hollow structure with a pointed cone at its lower end. Several soil-breaking cones (3) are installed on the rotating drum (2). All soil-breaking cones (3) are distributed in several layers at equal intervals along the axial direction. The soil-breaking cones (3) in each layer are arranged in a ring array. Several through holes are opened on the rotating drum (2) for the soil-breaking cones (3) to extend and retract. A drive assembly is connected to the fertilizer applicator (1). The drive assembly is connected to the rotating drum (2) and is used to drive the rotating drum (2) to rotate and lift. An adjustment assembly is connected to the drive assembly and is used to control the extension length of the soil-breaking cones (3). A fertilizer delivery assembly is connected to the fertilizer applicator (1). The fertilizer delivery assembly is connected to the rotating drum (2).

2. The multifunctional soil fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a hydraulic double-column lift (4) mounted on the fertilizer truck (1); a lifting plate (5) is fixedly connected to the drive end of the hydraulic double-column lift (4); a connecting plate (6) is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (5); a motor (7) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (6); a gear (8) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (7); a rotating drum (2) is rotatably connected to the lifting plate (5), and a gear ring (9) that meshes with the gear (8) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating drum (2).

3. The multifunctional soil fertilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes an electric push rod (10) fixed to the connecting plate (6); the driving end of the electric push rod (10) is fixed to a connecting rod (11), which is located inside the rotating cylinder (2); a number of inverted frustum-shaped push blocks (12) are fixed to the connecting rod (11) at equal intervals along the axial direction, and the number of push blocks (12) is consistent with the number of layers of the soil breaking cone (3).

4. The multifunctional soil fertilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fertilizer delivery assembly includes a pump (13) installed on the fertilizer truck (1); two fertilizer storage tanks (14) are installed on the fertilizer truck (1); the pump (13) inlet is connected to the two fertilizer storage tanks (14) respectively through an electric three-way control valve, and the outlet is connected to a fertilizer delivery pipe (15); a round cover (16) for sealing the upper port of the rotating drum (2) is fixedly attached to the lower side of the connecting plate (6); the round cover (16) is rotatably connected to the rotating drum (2); the fertilizer delivery pipe (15) passes through the round cover (16) and communicates with the inside of the rotating drum (2); the soil breaking cone (3) is a hollow structure, and a spring is fixedly attached between it and the inside of the rotating drum (2). The soil breaking cone (3) has a fertilizer inlet (3001) and several fertilizer outlet holes (3002) on its cone body. All the fertilizer outlet holes (3002) on the soil breaking cone (3) are located on the same side.

5. A multifunctional soil fertilization device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each fertilizer outlet (3002) of the soil-breaking cone (3) is fixed with an anti-blocking ball (3003); the anti-blocking ball (3003) is located on the side of the fertilizer outlet (3002) facing the tip of the soil-breaking cone (3).

6. A multifunctional soil fertilization device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A rubber sealing ring is installed at the through hole on the rotating drum (2).

7. The multifunctional soil fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An operating screen (1001) is installed on the handle of the fertilizer truck (1).

8. A multifunctional soil fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilizer truck (1) has two support feet (1002) that are rotatably connected under the chassis.

9. A multifunctional soil fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a jet ring (17); the fertilizer truck (1) is equipped with a jet ring (17) for cleaning the rotating drum (2), and a number of annularly distributed jet holes are opened on the inner side of the jet ring (17), and the rotating drum (2) is located inside the jet ring (17).

10. A multifunctional soil fertilization device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The jet holes of the jet ring (17) are set to face downwards.

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