Irrigation and fertilization control method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fluid irrigation injection control, in particular to an irrigation fertilization control method and system.The method comprises the following steps that first liquid is injected into a fluid carrying pipeline from a first injection point, and the first liquid is chemically incompatible with second liquid to be injected subsequently; in a pipeline section between the downstream of the first injection point and the upstream of the second injection point, obtaining a physical characteristic measurement value representing the concentration state of the first liquid in the section; judging whether a liquid mass formed by the first liquid passes through the second injection point or not on the basis of a comparison result of the physical characteristic measurement value and a preset injection threshold value; by monitoring the position of the previous liquid mass in the pipeline in real time and accurately controlling the injection time of the subsequent liquid, the incompatible mother liquor is prevented from being contacted at high concentration, and the incompatible mother liquor can be effectively prevented from being contacted and reacted at high concentration to generate micro-precipitate, so that the blockage of the pipeline is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fluid irrigation injection control technology, and in particular to an irrigation and fertilization control method and system. Background Technology

[0002] In certain applications, such as nutrient solution irrigation systems in modern agricultural cultivation facilities, it is necessary to sequentially inject multiple high-concentration mother liquors into the carrier fluid (such as clean water). The chemical components of these mother liquors may be incompatible; for example, mother liquors containing calcium ions may contain phosphate or sulfate ions. Typically, these incompatible mother liquors are stored separately and injected into the carrier fluid pipeline via sequential pulse injection. The aim is to prevent incompatible components from reacting at high concentrations through dilution and mixing with the carrier fluid.

[0003] However, in practice, because the liquid clumps formed by pulse injection require time to move and dilute within the pipeline, the subsequent mother liquor is injected before the clumps formed by the preceding mother liquor are fully diluted or have passed through the subsequent injection point. This can lead to high-concentration contact between the two incompatible mother liquors in localized areas, generating tiny precipitate particles. These micro-precipitate particles are small and difficult to effectively intercept by conventional filters. They can enter the downstream pipeline network with the fluid, causing blockages in precision components such as drip irrigation emitters and affecting the normal operation of the system. Furthermore, the precipitation reaction consumes the effective nutrients in the mother liquor, resulting in a lower-than-expected concentration of effective nutrients in the fluid delivered to the terminal, affecting the end-application effect. Existing systems may rely on feedback from downstream terminals (such as return liquid monitoring) to adjust the irrigation injection strategy, but this delayed feedback cannot fundamentally prevent precipitation and may even exacerbate the problem due to misjudgment.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing an irrigation and fertilization control method and system.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an irrigation fertilization control method for controlling the injection timing of a subsequent mother liquor in a system in which at least two chemically incompatible mother liquors are supplied into a pipeline via sequential injection, so as to prevent the liquid clumps formed by the preceding mother liquor from contacting the subsequent mother liquor at a high concentration and forming microprecipitates. The method includes the following steps: A first liquid is injected into the fluid-carrying pipe from a first injection point. The first liquid is chemically incompatible with the second liquid to be injected subsequently. In the pipeline section between the downstream of the first injection point and the upstream of the second injection point, physical property measurements characterizing the concentration state of the first liquid in this section are obtained; Based on the comparison between the measured physical properties and the preset injection threshold, it is determined whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed through the second injection point; After determining that the liquid mass formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point, the injection of the second liquid from the second injection point is triggered.

[0007] The core innovation of this application lies in acquiring physical property measurements characterizing the concentration state of the first liquid in real time within the pipeline section between the first injection point downstream and the second injection point upstream. Based on the comparison of these measurements with a preset injection threshold, it dynamically determines whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed through the second injection point, thereby precisely controlling the injection timing of the second liquid. This solves the problem that traditional control methods based on fixed time intervals or downstream monitoring cannot effectively avoid micro-precipitation during the sequential injection of incompatible liquids, ensuring the accuracy of injection and the stability of the system.

[0008] Secondly, an irrigation and fertilization control system is provided, the system comprising: A first liquid injection module is used to inject a first liquid into a fluid-carrying pipe from a first injection point. The first liquid is chemically incompatible with a second liquid to be injected subsequently. The physical property measurement module is used to acquire physical property measurement values ​​characterizing the concentration state of the first liquid in the pipeline section between the downstream of the first injection point and the upstream of the second injection point. The judgment module is used to determine whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point based on the comparison result between the measured value of the physical characteristics and the preset injection threshold. The second liquid injection control module is used to trigger the injection of the second liquid from the second injection point after determining that the liquid mass formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By monitoring the position of the preceding liquid clump in the pipeline in real time, the timing of the injection of the subsequent liquid can be precisely controlled, avoiding contact between incompatible mother liquors at high concentrations. This effectively prevents the formation of micro-precipitates from contact reactions between incompatible mother liquors at high concentrations, enabling reasonable control of irrigation and fertilization, thereby reducing pipeline blockage and improving nutrient utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention.

[0012] In the diagram: 201, First liquid injection module; 202, Physical property measurement module; 203, Judgment module; 204, Second liquid injection control module. Detailed Implementation

[0013] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0014] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0015] In modern agricultural irrigation and fertilization, when chemically incompatible mother liquors are supplied to pipelines via sequential pulse injection, a problem arises: the instantaneous high-concentration liquid clusters formed by the preceding mother liquor have not completely dissipated before contacting the subsequent mother liquor in a high-concentration state, resulting in the formation of micron-sized particle precipitates. This precipitation causes the liquid formulation delivered to the terminal to deviate from the target, resulting in the loss of effective nutrients, physical blockage of pipelines and drippers, and affecting the stable operation of the system.

[0016] For example, suppose a nutrient solution supply system for medicinal plant cultivation requires the sequential injection of a high-concentration calcium nitrate mother liquor and a mixed mother liquor containing potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate. These two mother liquors are chemically incompatible at high concentrations, and direct contact will form calcium phosphate precipitate. The system is designed to inject the calcium nitrate mother liquor first at a first injection point, followed by the mixed mother liquor at a downstream second injection point. During operation, because the calcium nitrate mother liquor is injected in pulses, it forms a moving, unevenly concentrated liquid mass within the pipe. If the mixed mother liquor is injected before this liquid mass is sufficiently diluted and has completely passed through the second injection point, then at the interface between the two liquid masses, high-concentration calcium ions meet phosphate ions, resulting in a precipitation reaction and the formation of calcium phosphate crystal nuclei. These particles are carried into the irrigation drip network, gradually depositing and clogging the drippers, while simultaneously reducing the available calcium and phosphorus content in the nutrient solution.

[0017] If the precipitation problem caused by the sequential injection of incompatible mother liquor is not resolved, it will lead to biological blockage of the irrigation system's drippers, preventing plants from obtaining sufficient water and nutrients and hindering their growth. Simultaneously, the precipitation reaction consumes soluble nutrients in the solution, reducing the concentration of effective nutrient components reaching the plant roots and causing nutrient deficiency symptoms. If the system relies on downstream return liquid monitoring for feedback control, a detected low nutrient concentration may instruct the system to increase the mother liquor injection volume, exacerbating the precipitation reaction, creating a vicious cycle, leading to production failure and resource waste.

[0018] Therefore, this application is as follows Figure 1 The irrigation fertilization control method shown is used in a system that sequentially injects at least two chemically incompatible mother liquors into a pipeline to control the timing of the subsequent mother liquor injection, so as to prevent the liquid clumps formed by the preceding mother liquor from contacting the subsequent mother liquor at a high concentration and forming microprecipitates. The method includes the following steps: S101. Inject a first liquid into the fluid-carrying pipe from the first injection point. The first liquid is chemically incompatible with the second liquid to be injected subsequently. S102. In the pipeline section between the downstream of the first injection point and the upstream of the second injection point, obtain physical property measurements characterizing the concentration state of the first liquid in that section. S103. Based on the comparison result between the measured physical property value and the preset injection threshold, determine whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point. S104. After determining that the liquid mass formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point, trigger the injection of the second liquid from the second injection point.

[0019] Among them, the physical property measurement value is a physical quantity indicating the change of liquid concentration or composition. It can be realized by using technologies such as conductivity measurement, optical property measurement, and acoustic property measurement. Its main purpose is to provide real-time information on the concentration state of the first liquid in the measurement area. The preset injection threshold is a pre-set physical property value, which corresponds to the state where the first liquid has been diluted to a safe concentration or has basically passed through at the second injection point. Its main purpose is to serve as the basis for judging whether the second liquid can be safely injected. Judging whether the liquid mass formed by the first liquid has passed through the second injection point means comparing the obtained physical property measurement value with the preset injection threshold. Based on the comparison result, it is determined whether the high-concentration liquid mass of the first liquid has left the area that may be affected by the second injection point. Its main purpose is to ensure that the concentration of the first liquid in this area will not cause precipitation when the second liquid is injected. Triggering the injection of the second liquid from the second injection point means starting the injection process of the second liquid after the judgment result shows that the liquid mass of the first liquid has passed through safely. Its main purpose is to accurately control the injection timing of the second liquid based on the real-time status judgment and achieve reasonable injection control.

[0020] The scheme of this application operates as follows: First, a first liquid is injected into the carrier fluid pipeline from a first injection point. As the first liquid flows with the carrier fluid through the pipeline section between the downstream of the first injection point and the upstream of the second injection point, physical property measurements characterizing the concentration of the first liquid in this section are continuously acquired. These measurements reflect the concentration change or presence of the liquid clump formed by the first liquid in this critical area. Subsequently, the real-time acquired physical property measurements are compared with a preset injection threshold. This threshold is set as the physical property value corresponding to when the concentration of the first liquid in this area decreases to a safe level insufficient to react with the second liquid in a precipitation reaction, or when the high-concentration liquid clump of the first liquid has essentially passed the second injection point. Based on the comparison result, the system determines whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has safely passed the second injection point. Only when the determination confirms that the liquid clump of the first liquid has passed the second injection point will the system trigger the injection of the second liquid from the second injection point. The entire process forms a gating mechanism based on real-time feedback of the liquid status inside the pipeline, ensuring that the second liquid is only injected after the high-concentration liquid mass of the first liquid has safely passed through, thus achieving reasonable control of irrigation and fertilization. This fundamentally avoids contact between two incompatible liquids at high concentrations and eliminates the possibility of precipitation.

[0021] As one embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point based on the comparison result of the physical property measurement value and the preset injection threshold includes: Before injecting the first liquid into the fluid-carrying pipe from the first injection point, a tracer is added to the first liquid; Obtain physical property measurements based on the physical property responses generated by the tracer within the pipeline section; Based on the comparison between the acquired physical property measurements and the preset injection threshold, it is determined whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed through the second injection point.

[0022] In this context, a tracer is a substance added to a first liquid to track or detect its movement within a fluid-carrying pipe. This tracer can be a substance with specific optical, electrical, or chemical properties, aiming to enhance the detectability of the first liquid mass and improve the sensitivity and accuracy of physical property measurements. The physical property response refers to the measurable change in a certain physical property (such as conductivity, absorbance, or fluorescence intensity) of a section of the fluid-carrying pipe when the tracer is present. This change can be expressed as changes in conductivity, absorbance, or fluorescence intensity. The measured physical property value refers to the value obtained through sensing... The data obtained by the instrument or detection device to quantify the physical characteristic response of the tracer in the pipeline section can be obtained in the form of conductivity readings, light signal intensity readings, or chemical sensor readings. Among them, the preset injection threshold is a pre-set critical value used to compare with the physical characteristic measurement value. This value characterizes the concentration state of the first liquid clump (reflected by the tracer) at the second injection point. It can be set in the form of conductivity threshold, light signal intensity threshold, or concentration threshold determined based on experimental data or model calculations. Its purpose is to provide a basis for judging whether the first liquid clump has passed the second injection point.

[0023] The present application proposes a method that involves adding a tracer to the first liquid before injecting it into the carrier fluid pipeline from the first injection point, thereby giving the first liquid clump a precisely trackable physical characteristic. Subsequently, by acquiring physical characteristic measurements based on the physical response of the tracer within the pipeline section, the concentration change of the first liquid clump within that section can be sensitively and accurately reflected, effectively avoiding measurement interference that may be caused by the physical characteristics of the carrier fluid or the first liquid itself. It is precisely because of the accurate physical characteristic measurements that a reliable determination can be made, based on a comparison of these measurements with a preset injection threshold, whether the clump formed by the first liquid has completely passed through the second injection point. This determination mechanism, based on tracer-enhanced detection accuracy, allows for precise control of the timing of subsequent injection of the second liquid from the second injection point, ensuring that the second liquid, at a high concentration, does not come into contact with the first liquid clump, which has not yet been sufficiently diluted. Compared to basic solutions that rely solely on the physical properties of the first liquid for judgment, this solution introduces a tracer, which greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of liquid clump state judgment. This more effectively prevents two incompatible liquids from contacting and forming micro-precipitates at high concentrations, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the nutrient solution formula and the long-term smooth operation of the irrigation system.

[0024] As one embodiment of the present invention, before determining whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point based on the comparison result of the acquired physical property measurement value and the preset injection threshold, the method further includes: Obtain the current optical property values ​​of the first liquid; The current optical property value is compared with an optical property reference value to determine the chemical effectiveness state of the first liquid; The step of determining whether the liquid mass formed by the first liquid has passed through the second injection point is performed under the condition that the determined chemical validity state meets a preset validity condition.

[0025] The process of obtaining the current optical properties of the first liquid involves measuring its absorbance, transmittance, scattered light intensity, or refractive index at a specific wavelength. These optical properties are related to the liquid's composition, concentration, purity, and the presence of suspended matter. This can be achieved using online optical sensors, such as colorimeters, turbidimeters, or refractometers, by placing the sensor probe directly into the liquid flow path or through a bypass. The purpose is to obtain physical quantities reflecting the current chemical state of the first liquid. The optical property reference value represents the optical properties that the first liquid should possess when it is in an effective chemical state. This reference value can be measured and recorded when the first liquid is freshly prepared or confirmed to be effective, serving as a benchmark for subsequent checks. Its purpose is to provide a basis for comparison and judgment. Determining the chemical effectiveness of the first liquid means judging whether its current chemical activity meets the usage requirements. This is achieved by comparing the currently obtained optical property values ​​with the optical property reference value, aiming to conclude whether the first liquid is effective. The preset effectiveness condition refers to the standard used to determine whether the chemical effectiveness of the first liquid meets the requirements. This condition can be a threshold, a range, or a logical judgment rule, aiming to set specific standards for judging the effectiveness of the first liquid.

[0026] This application's solution ensures that subsequent tracer-based injection control is based on a valid liquid by pre-checking the chemical validity of the first liquid before determining its location. Specifically, before injecting the first liquid or at a suitable time before injection, the system first acquires the current optical properties of the first liquid. This value reflects the liquid's current chemical state. Then, this current value is compared with a pre-set optical property reference value to determine the chemical validity state of the first liquid. Only when this determined validity state meets preset validity conditions will the system allow subsequent steps to be executed, namely, determining whether the liquid mass formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point based on the physical property response generated by the tracer. If the validity check fails, the system stops or issues an alarm to avoid injecting invalid liquid. This mechanism ensures that only chemically active liquids are used in the subsequent injection process, thus avoiding ineffective operations, resource waste, and potential downstream problems caused by using invalid liquids, such as precipitation formation after mixing incompatible liquids or failure of the target chemical reaction. In this way, this solution further improves the reliability and effectiveness of the entire irrigation injection control system while precisely controlling the injection timing.

[0027] As one embodiment of the present invention, the step of comparing the current optical property value with an optical property reference value to determine the chemical effectiveness state of the first liquid includes: Before acquiring the current optical property value, stop the flow of the first liquid at the location where the optical property value is acquired, so that the solid particles in the first liquid will settle. An optical reference value is obtained after the solid particles settle. To restore the flow of the first liquid, so as to resuspend the settled solid particles in the first liquid; The optical property value of the first liquid in the flow state is obtained as the current optical property value; The current optical property values ​​are compared with optical reference values ​​to determine the chemical effectiveness state of the first liquid.

[0028] The optical characteristic value acquisition location refers to a specific location within the pipeline section used for optical measurement, which can be achieved using a measurement cavity equipped with an optical sensor and a light source. The optical reference value refers to a measurement value characterizing the inherent optical properties of the first liquid, obtained after the first liquid is in a static state and solid particles have settled. This can be achieved using readings obtained by the optical sensor after the liquid has been static for a period of time. Solid particles refer to insoluble solid particles suspended or settled in the first liquid, which can be identified by solid substances separated from the liquid through filtration or centrifugation. Settling refers to the process by which suspended solid particles move downwards and aggregate under the influence of gravity when the first liquid stops flowing, which can be achieved by stopping the liquid pump or closing the valve. Resuspension refers to the process by which settled solid particles redisperse into the liquid and move with the fluid when the first liquid resumes flow, which can be achieved by restarting the liquid pump or opening the valve. Optical characteristic values ​​are measurement parameters characterizing the absorption, scattering, or transmission of light by the first liquid, which can be expressed using parameters such as transmittance, absorbance, turbidity, or scattered light intensity. Chemical availability refers to the state in which a liquid maintains its expected concentration and activity of chemical components and can perform its functions normally. It can be determined by detecting parameters such as the concentration of key chemical components or pH value in the liquid.

[0029] The present application's solution obtains optical property values ​​step-by-step by controlling the flow state of a first liquid. First, the flow of the first liquid at the location where the optical property values ​​are obtained is stopped, causing any solid particles present to settle. This step eliminates interference from suspended solid particles on the optical measurement. After the solid particles settle, an optical reference value is obtained, reflecting the optical properties of the first liquid without solid particle interference. Subsequently, the flow of the first liquid is resumed, resuspending the settled solid particles, simulating the flow state of the liquid in practical applications. Next, the optical property values ​​of the first liquid in the flowing state are obtained as the current optical property values. This current value includes the influence of solid particles in the flowing state. Finally, the current optical property value is compared with the previously obtained optical reference value to determine the chemical validity state of the first liquid. This comparison method can effectively distinguish between changes in optical properties caused by changes in chemical composition and interference caused by solid particles. When the chemical composition of the first liquid changes, its inherent optical properties change, resulting in a difference between the current optical property value in the flowing state and the optical reference value without solid particle interference. While changes in the number of solid particles may affect optical properties under flow conditions, this effect can be identified by comparing them with a baseline value. Alternatively, comparing the relative change between the current and baseline values ​​can more accurately determine whether the chemical composition has changed. This method of obtaining and comparing baseline and current optical property values ​​by controlling the flow state improves the accuracy of optical property value acquisition and the reliability of the judgment. This more accurate judgment makes the logic of deciding whether to proceed with subsequent liquid injection based on chemical availability more reliable, thus avoiding the use of failed liquids for subsequent injections and improving the robustness and accuracy of the entire irrigation and fertilization injection control method.

[0030] As one embodiment of the present invention, the step of comparing the current optical characteristic value with an optical reference value to determine the chemical effectiveness state of the first liquid includes: After the first liquid resumes flow, a set of optical characteristic time-series readings are acquired; From the acquired optical property time-series readings, identify and exclude instantaneous abrupt readings caused by the bubble obtaining its position through optical property values; The current optical property value is generated based on the readings that were not excluded from the time-series readings of optical properties. The generated current optical property values ​​are compared with optical reference values ​​to determine the chemical effectiveness state of the first liquid.

[0031] Among them, the optical characteristic time-series readings refer to a series of values ​​obtained by measuring the optical properties of the first liquid at continuous time points. These values ​​can be continuously acquired using an optical sensor at a fixed or varying sampling frequency, with the aim of capturing changes in the optical properties of the first liquid over a period of time. Transient abrupt change readings refer to abnormal values ​​in the optical characteristic time-series readings that show significant and rapid changes compared to normal reading levels. Specifically, this manifests as a large increase or decrease in the reading within a very short period, with the aim of indicating that an abnormal physical entity has acquired its position through the optical characteristic values. Identifying and eliminating transient abrupt change readings caused by bubbles acquiring their position through optical characteristic values ​​refers to using specific algorithms or criteria to distinguish the portion of the acquired optical characteristic time-series readings that is caused by bubbles. Regular readings are taken and abnormal readings are removed from subsequent data processing. This can be done by analyzing the time-dimensional changes of the readings (e.g., instantaneous rate of change, duration) or by using the response differences of multi-channel optical detectors in different channels to distinguish bubbles from other physical entities. The purpose is to eliminate the interference of bubbles on optical property measurements. The current optical property value is generated based on the readings that have not been excluded from the optical property time series readings. This means that after removing the instantaneous abrupt readings caused by bubbles, the remaining optical property time series readings that are considered valid are used to calculate (e.g., averaging, filtering, selecting a stable segment) to obtain a single value to represent the optical properties of the first liquid at the current moment or in the current time period. The purpose is to obtain a value that accurately reflects the true optical state of the first liquid.

[0032] The present application's solution involves first acquiring a set of continuous optical property time-series readings after the first liquid resumes flow, providing a foundation for subsequent data analysis. The core of the solution lies in intelligently identifying and eliminating transient abrupt readings caused by bubbles determining their position through optical property values. When bubbles pass through the optical sensor in the liquid, their significant difference in optical properties compared to the liquid causes rapid and large fluctuations in the measurement readings, forming transient abrupt changes. By identifying these transient abrupt changes with specific time characteristics or multi-channel response characteristics and removing them from the dataset, the interference of bubbles on the measurement can be effectively filtered out. Subsequently, based on the optical property time-series readings after bubble interference elimination, a value representing the current optical properties of the first liquid is generated. This value is no longer affected by the transient effects of bubbles and can more accurately reflect the true optical state of the liquid. Finally, this purified current optical property value is compared with a pre-acquired optical reference value to accurately determine the chemical validity state of the first liquid. Combined with prior schemes, this approach eliminates the influence of settled solid particles and further eliminates the interference of bubbles in the flow state, making the optical property measurement results more reliable. This improves the accuracy of chemical effectiveness assessment and provides a solid data foundation for subsequent injection control.

[0033] As one embodiment of the present invention, the step of identifying and excluding instantaneous abrupt readings caused by the bubble's position being determined through optical characteristic values ​​from the acquired optical characteristic time-series readings includes: For any instantaneous abrupt change in the optical characteristic time-series readings, obtain the response readings synchronously generated by the physical entity that caused the instantaneous abrupt change in the reading on at least two different optical detection channels; Based on response readings from at least two different optical detection channels, a characteristic parameter characterizing the phase of a physical entity is determined. The characteristic parameters are compared with a preset phase criterion to identify whether the physical entity is a bubble or a solid microparticle cluster. When a physical entity is identified as a bubble, the instantaneous abrupt reading is excluded from the optical property timing reading.

[0034] Instantaneous abrupt changes in optical characteristic time-series readings refer to drastic changes occurring within an extremely short timeframe, with amplitudes far exceeding normal fluctuations. These changes can be identified using methods such as setting thresholds, rate of change detection, or peak detection. At least two different optical detection channels refer to optical sensors or detection paths configured at the same optical characteristic value acquisition location but employing different optical principles, wavelengths, detection angles, or polarization methods. This can be achieved using multiple optical sensors arranged in parallel. Synchronously generated response readings refer to the measurement signal values ​​output by at least two different optical detection channels at the same time point or within the same extremely short time window when the physical entity acquires its position via optical characteristic values. These can be obtained using synchronous sampling or timestamp alignment. Characteristic parameters representing the phase of a physical entity refer to a quantitative index derived from the calculation or analysis of synchronous response readings from at least two different optical detection channels. This index reflects whether the physical entity is gaseous (bubbles) or solid (particle clusters), and can be expressed as a ratio, difference, or output value of a specific mathematical model of the response readings. Preset phase criteria refer to pre-defined rules or thresholds used to distinguish phases of physical entities. They can be established using one or more thresholds, a classification model, or a decision tree.

[0035] This application's solution achieves more accurate differentiation between bubbles and solid particulate clusters by introducing multi-channel optical detection and extracting phase characteristic parameters based on multi-channel response data. Specifically, when a transient change occurs in the optical property time-series readings, the system no longer relies solely on information from a single channel, but simultaneously acquires synchronous response readings of the physical entity causing the change on at least two different optical detection channels. Because physical entities of different phases, such as bubbles and solid particulate clusters, exhibit different patterns or proportions in their scattering, absorption, or refraction properties when interacting with light at different wavelengths, angles, or polarization directions, a characteristic parameter that quantifies this pattern or proportion difference can be calculated or determined based on response readings from at least two different optical detection channels. This characteristic parameter is then compared with a pre-defined phase criterion, established through analysis and training of known response characteristics of bubbles and solid particulate clusters on these channels, thereby reliably identifying whether the physical entity causing the transient change is a bubble or a solid particulate cluster. Only when the physical entity is clearly identified as a bubble is the corresponding transient change reading excluded from the optical property time-series readings. This phase-identification-based exclusion mechanism avoids misinterpreting transient abrupt changes in signals generated by solid microparticle clusters as bubbles and incorrectly excluding them, thus ensuring that the timing readings used for subsequent calculations of current optical property values ​​are purer and more accurate. It is precisely because of these more accurate optical property values ​​that the chemical validity state of the first liquid can be more reliably determined, providing a more reliable basis for subsequent injection control and fundamentally preventing contact reactions between incompatible mother liquors at high concentrations.

[0036] As one embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining a characteristic parameter characterizing the phase of a physical entity based on response readings from at least two different optical detection channels includes: Acquire response readings on at least two different optical detection channels; Calculate the ratio between the response readings based on the response readings obtained on at least two different optical detection channels; The calculated ratio is used as a characteristic parameter to characterize the phase of a physical entity.

[0037] This application is able to identify bubbles by utilizing the synchronous response readings generated by physical entities on at least two different optical detection channels. Physical entities with different phases, such as bubbles and solid particles, will produce response patterns on different channels when interacting with light of different optical properties. By acquiring these synchronous response readings and calculating their ratio, a characteristic parameter can be obtained. This ratio characterizes the phase of the physical entity because it reflects the relative difference in the phase response across different channels, while reducing the influence of external factors on the absolute reading. Using this ratio as a phase characteristic parameter, it can be compared with a preset criterion to distinguish between bubbles and solid particles. This phase identification capability allows for the exclusion of transient abrupt readings caused by bubbles in subsequent steps, thereby obtaining a time-series reading of optical properties and generating the current optical property value. This ensures the accuracy of determining the location of liquid clumps based on optical properties and avoids precipitation caused by incompatible mother liquors contacting each other at high concentrations.

[0038] As one embodiment of the present invention, the step of identifying and excluding instantaneous abrupt readings caused by the bubble's position being determined through optical characteristic values ​​from the acquired optical characteristic time-series readings includes: For any instantaneous abrupt change in the optical property time series readings, obtain the change characteristic parameters of the instantaneous abrupt change in the time dimension, including the instantaneous change rate, the number of peaks, or the duration; The changing feature parameters are compared with a preset bubble feature criterion; When the changing characteristic parameters meet the bubble characteristic criterion, the instantaneous abrupt change readings are excluded from the optical characteristic time series readings.

[0039] In this context, "instantaneous abrupt change reading" refers to a reading point or segment in optical characteristic time-series readings where the value changes significantly and rapidly within a short period of time. This can be initially identified by setting a change rate threshold or an amplitude threshold. "Change characteristic parameters" refers to numerical values ​​or indicators used to quantify the dynamic characteristics of instantaneous abrupt change readings over time, and can include instantaneous change rate, number of peaks, duration, etc. "Instantaneous change rate" refers to the ratio of the change amplitude of the reading within a very short time interval to the time interval itself, which can be calculated using the difference between adjacent readings or the slope of a sliding window. "Number of peaks" refers to the number of local maximum or minimum values ​​appearing on the reading curve within the time period of the instantaneous abrupt change, which can be achieved using a peak-trough detection algorithm. "Duration" refers to the length of time from the onset of a significant change in the instantaneous abrupt change reading to its return to normal or stabilization, which can be determined by setting a change rate threshold or an amplitude threshold to determine the start and end points. "Preset bubble feature criteria" refers to a set of rules or thresholds used to determine whether an instantaneous abrupt change reading is caused by bubbles, and can be a threshold range or logical combination of one or more parameters.

[0040] The solution in this application achieves accurate identification and elimination of bubble interference through a combination of the aforementioned technical features. Specifically, when a bubble obtains its position through optical characteristic values, its optical properties differ from those of the surrounding liquid, causing the optical signal to fluctuate drastically within a very short time, resulting in a transient abrupt reading. This fluctuation exhibits a specific pattern in the time dimension, such as rapid rises and falls, multiple peaks possibly accompanied by multiple reflections or refractions, and a short duration due to the small size of the bubble. This solution captures the dynamic characteristics of the transient abrupt reading by acquiring and quantifying these time-domain characteristic parameters, such as the instantaneous rate of change, the number of peaks, or the duration. Subsequently, these quantified characteristic parameters are compared with a preset bubble characteristic criterion. The bubble characteristic criterion is set based on the inherent physical and optical properties of the bubble and can distinguish the bubble from other factors that may cause transient abrupt changes, such as the signal change that may be prolonged when a larger solid particle passes through, or the signal drift caused by a slow change in liquid concentration. When the change characteristic parameters of the transient abrupt reading meet the bubble characteristic criterion, it is determined that the transient abrupt change is caused by a bubble, thereby excluding the reading from the optical characteristic time-series readings. In this way, the proposed solution can accurately identify and eliminate abnormal readings caused by bubble interference, ensuring that the remaining readings more accurately reflect the optical properties of the first liquid. This accurate bubble removal improves the accuracy of generating the current optical property value based on the unremoved readings. The increased accuracy of the current optical property value directly enhances the reliability of comparing this value with optical reference values ​​to determine the chemical validity status of the first liquid. Enhanced reliability in determining the chemical validity status makes the logic for subsequent liquid mass passage based on validity conditions more robust. Ultimately, this improves the accuracy of determining whether the first liquid mass has passed the second injection point based on physical property measurements, thereby enabling more precise control of the second liquid injection timing and fundamentally preventing the problem of incompatible mother liquors contacting and forming micro-precipitates at high concentrations.

[0041] As one embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining a characteristic parameter characterizing the phase of a physical entity based on response readings from at least two different optical detection channels includes: Quasi-response readings R1_base and R2_base; Within the start and end time interval [t_start, t_end] of the instantaneous abrupt change in reading, for the response readings R1(t) and R2(t) of at least two different optical detection channels, calculate the cumulative response changes I_1 and I_2 after correction to the reference response readings, respectively. The calculation method is as follows: I_1 = ∫[t_start to t_end] (R1_base - R1(t)) dt I_2 = ∫[t_start to t_end] (R2_base - R2(t)) dt Calculate the ratio between the cumulative change in response I_1 and the cumulative change in response I_2; The calculated ratio is used as a characteristic parameter to characterize the phase of a physical entity. Where R1(t) is the response reading of the first optical detection channel at time t; R2(t) is the response reading of the second optical detection channel at time t; R1_base is the reference response reading of the first optical detection channel; R2_base is the reference response reading of the second optical detection channel; [t_start, t_end] is the start and end time interval of the instantaneous change in reading; I_1 is the cumulative response change of the first optical detection channel; I_2 is the cumulative response change of the second optical detection channel.

[0042] The reference response readings R1_base and R2_base refer to the stable readings output by the optical detection channel when no physical entity passes through. These can be obtained by averaging or averaging the readings over a period of time when the system is running stably and no physical entity passes through. The start and end time interval [t_start, t_end] of the instantaneous abrupt change in reading refers to the time period during which the response reading of the optical detection channel deviates significantly from the reference reading due to the passage of a physical entity. This can be determined by setting a threshold; when the deviation of the response reading from the reference reading exceeds the threshold, it is marked as the start time of the abrupt change, t_start; and when the reading recovers to near the reference reading, it is marked as the end time of the abrupt change, t_end. The response readings R1(t) and R2(t) refer to the measured values ​​of the signal strength or light attenuation output by the first and second optical detection channels at time point t. These can be obtained by using photosensitive elements such as photodiodes and photomultiplier tubes to receive the light signal after passing through a physical entity and convert it into an electrical signal. The cumulative response changes I_1 and I_2 refer to the total deviation of the optical detection channel's response reading from the reference reading over the entire time interval during which the physical entity passes. They can be calculated by integrating the difference between the response reading and the reference reading over the time interval. The calculation methods are: I_1 = ∫[t_start to t_end](R1_base - R1(t)) dt and I_2 = ∫[t_start to t_end] (R2_base - R2(t)) dt. This means that through mathematical integration, the differences between the instantaneous response readings R1(t) and R2(t) and the corresponding reference response readings R1_base and R2_base are accumulated over the time interval [t_start, t_end] to obtain the cumulative response changes I_1 and I_2.

[0043] This application's scheme obtains baseline response readings R1_base and R2_base to provide a reference for subsequent calculation of response changes, thereby eliminating the differences in the sensor itself and the influence of ambient light. Within the start and end time interval [t_start, t_end] of the instantaneous abrupt reading, the cumulative response changes I_1 and I_2, corrected by the baseline response readings, are calculated for the response readings R1(t) and R2(t) of the two optical detection channels, respectively. By integrating, the changes in the instantaneous response are accumulated, which can effectively smooth noise and extract more stable signal features. Then, the ratio between the cumulative response changes I_1 and I_2 is calculated, and this ratio is used as a characteristic parameter characterizing the physical phase. By calculating the ratio of the cumulative response changes of the two channels, common-mode interference caused by factors such as light intensity fluctuations can be further eliminated, highlighting the differences between different phases in different channels, thereby more accurately identifying bubbles or solid particles. This phase identification method based on the ratio of cumulative response changes, compared to methods that only use the ratio of instantaneous response readings, can significantly reduce the interference of instantaneous noise and improve the accuracy of phase identification. This more accurate phase identification capability further enhances the reliability of identifying and excluding transient abrupt readings caused by the passage of bubbles from the optical property time-series readings. This ensures the accuracy of the current optical property values ​​generated based on the unexcluded readings, thereby improving the reliability of chemical availability state judgment. Ultimately, this supports the irrigation and fertilization injection control method to more accurately determine whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed through the second injection point, ensuring that the second liquid is injected at the correct time and fundamentally avoiding the formation of micro-precipitates.

[0044] like Figure 2 The irrigation and fertilization control system shown is used to control the injection timing of the subsequent mother liquor in a system that supplies at least two chemically incompatible mother liquors into a pipeline using a sequential injection method. This prevents the liquid clumps formed by the preceding mother liquor from contacting the subsequent mother liquor at a high concentration and forming microprecipitates. The system includes: The first liquid injection module 201 is used to inject a first liquid into the fluid-carrying pipe from a first injection point. The first liquid is chemically incompatible with the second liquid to be injected subsequently. The physical property measurement module 202 is used to acquire physical property measurement values ​​characterizing the concentration state of the first liquid in the pipeline section between the downstream of the first injection point and the upstream of the second injection point. The judgment module 203 is used to determine whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point based on the comparison result between the measured value of physical characteristics and the preset injection threshold. The second liquid injection control module 204 is used to trigger the injection of the second liquid from the second injection point after determining that the liquid mass formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point.

[0045] The solution presented in this application achieves control over the sequential injection process through the collaborative work of these modules. Specifically, by placing the physical property measurement module 202 in the pipeline section between the first injection point and the second injection point, the system can acquire the concentration status information of the first liquid within this section before the second liquid is injected. The judgment module 203 compares these measurements with a preset threshold to determine whether the high-concentration liquid mass formed by the first liquid has moved and passed the location of the second injection point. Due to this status confirmation mechanism, the second liquid injection control module 204 only triggers the injection of the second liquid after the judgment module 203 confirms that the first liquid mass has passed. This process-state-based irrigation and fertilization injection control avoids contact between two chemically incompatible mother liquors at high concentrations, thereby preventing the formation of micro-precipitates. This combination of system structure and control logic provides the hardware foundation for realizing a sequential injection control method based on physical property confirmation, ensuring the execution of the method and solving the precipitation problem caused by improper injection timing in existing technologies.

[0046] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling irrigation and fertilization, used in a system where at least two chemically incompatible mother liquors are supplied into a pipeline via sequential injection, to control the timing of the injection of the subsequent mother liquor, so as to prevent the liquid clumps formed by the preceding mother liquor from contacting the subsequent mother liquor at a high concentration and forming micro-precipitates, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: A first liquid is injected into the fluid-carrying pipe from a first injection point. The first liquid is chemically incompatible with the second liquid to be injected subsequently. In the pipeline section between the downstream of the first injection point and the upstream of the second injection point, physical property measurements characterizing the concentration state of the first liquid in this section are obtained; Based on the comparison between the measured physical properties and the preset injection threshold, it is determined whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed through the second injection point; After determining that the liquid mass formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point, the injection of the second liquid from the second injection point is triggered.

2. The irrigation and fertilization control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point based on the comparison result of the measured physical property value and the preset injection threshold includes: Before injecting the first liquid into the fluid-carrying conduit from the first injection point, a tracer is added to the first liquid; Obtain physical property measurements based on the physical property response generated by the tracer within the pipeline section; Based on the comparison between the obtained physical property measurement value and the preset injection threshold, it is determined whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed through the second injection point.

3. The irrigation and fertilization control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before determining whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point based on the comparison result of the acquired physical property measurement value and the preset injection threshold, the method further includes: Obtain the current optical property values ​​of the first liquid; The current optical property value is compared with an optical property reference value to determine the chemical effectiveness state of the first liquid; The step of determining whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed through the second injection point is performed under the condition that the determined chemical validity state meets a preset validity condition.

4. The irrigation and fertilization control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of comparing the current optical property value with an optical property reference value to determine the chemical effectiveness state of the first liquid includes: Before acquiring the current optical property value, the flow of the first liquid is stopped at the location where the optical property value is acquired, so that the solid particles in the first liquid settle. An optical reference value is obtained after the solid particles settle. The first liquid is allowed to flow again in order to resuspend the settled solid particles in the first liquid; The optical property value of the first liquid in the flowing state is obtained as the current optical property value; The current optical property value is compared with the optical reference value to determine the chemical effectiveness state of the first liquid.

5. The irrigation and fertilization control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of comparing the current optical property value with the optical reference value to determine the chemical effectiveness state of the first liquid includes: After the first liquid resumes flow, a set of optical characteristic timing readings are acquired; From the acquired optical property time-series readings, identify and exclude instantaneous abrupt readings caused by the bubble obtaining its position through optical property values; The current optical characteristic value is generated based on the readings that have not been excluded from the optical characteristic time-series readings. The generated current optical property value is compared with the optical reference value to determine the chemical effectiveness state of the first liquid.

6. The irrigation and fertilization control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of identifying and excluding transient abrupt readings caused by the bubble's position being determined through optical characteristic values ​​from the acquired time-series optical characteristic readings includes: For any instantaneous abrupt change in the optical characteristic time-series readings, obtain the response readings synchronously generated by the physical entity that caused the instantaneous abrupt change in the reading on at least two different optical detection channels; Based on the response readings on the at least two different optical detection channels, a characteristic parameter characterizing the phase of the physical entity is determined; The characteristic parameters are compared with a preset phase criterion to identify the physical entity as a bubble or a solid microparticle cluster. When the physical entity is identified as a bubble, the instantaneous abrupt change reading is excluded from the optical characteristic timing reading.

7. The irrigation and fertilization control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of determining a characteristic parameter characterizing the physical entity phase based on response readings from at least two different optical detection channels includes: Acquire response readings on the at least two different optical detection channels; The ratio between the response readings is calculated based on the response readings obtained on at least two different optical detection channels; The calculated ratio is used as a characteristic parameter to characterize the physical entity phase.

8. The irrigation and fertilization control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of identifying and excluding transient abrupt readings caused by the bubble's position being determined through optical characteristic values ​​from the acquired time-series optical characteristic readings includes: For any instantaneous abrupt change in the time-series readings of optical properties, obtain the change characteristic parameters of that instantaneous abrupt change in the time dimension; The changing feature parameters are compared with a preset bubble feature criterion; When the changing characteristic parameters satisfy the bubble characteristic criterion, the instantaneous abrupt change reading is excluded from the optical characteristic time series reading.

9. The irrigation and fertilization control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The change characteristic parameters include instantaneous rate of change, number of peaks, or duration.

10. An irrigation and fertilization control system, used in a system that supplies at least two chemically incompatible mother liquors into a pipeline via sequential injection, to control the timing of the injection of the subsequent mother liquor, so as to prevent the liquid clumps formed by the preceding mother liquor from contacting the subsequent mother liquor at a high concentration and forming microprecipitates, characterized in that, The system includes: A first liquid injection module is used to inject a first liquid into a fluid-carrying pipe from a first injection point. The first liquid is chemically incompatible with a second liquid to be injected subsequently. The physical property measurement module is used to acquire physical property measurement values ​​characterizing the concentration state of the first liquid in the pipeline section between the downstream of the first injection point and the upstream of the second injection point. The judgment module is used to determine whether the liquid clump formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point based on the comparison result between the measured value of the physical characteristics and the preset injection threshold. The second liquid injection control module is used to trigger the injection of the second liquid from the second injection point after determining that the liquid mass formed by the first liquid has passed the second injection point.

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