Special compound fertilizer for ecological restoration of stone slope and preparation method of special compound fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a special compound fertilizer for ecological restoration of a stone slope and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of compound fertilizers. The fertilizer comprises a nitrogen source component, a phosphorus source component, a potassium source component, trace elements, an organic matter component, a slow-release component and a soil conditioner. According to the special compound fertilizer for ecological restoration of the stone slope, the potassium source is coated by adopting a microcapsule technology, and the release of the potassium source can be effectively delayed, so that too fast loss of nutrients of the fertilizer is avoided, the fertilizer is ensured to continuously provide nutrients for a long time, and the special compound fertilizer is particularly important for the restoration effect under atrocious weather. Secondly, slow-release components are coated by a supercritical fluid technology and are coated in a high polymer material, so that nutrients can be stably and continuously released in soil, the effect of the fertilizer is remarkably prolonged, and the restoration effect attenuation caused by too fast release of a traditional fertilizer in extreme climate is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of compound fertilizer, in particular to a special compound fertilizer for ecological restoration of stone slope and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The special compound fertilizer for ecological restoration of stone slope aims to provide various nutrients required for plant growth for stone slopes, promoting ecological restoration. The core components of the fertilizer include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other basic fertilizer components, which provide the required nutrients for plants to promote their growth and development. At the same time, the fertilizer also contains trace elements such as iron, manganese, zinc, etc., which can enhance the photosynthesis of plants and improve their disease resistance and adaptability. In addition, the fertilizer also contains organic matter components, which can improve the structure of the soil, increase the water retention capacity and aeration. In order to prolong the fertilizer effect, the fertilizer also adopts slow-release technology to ensure the continuous release of nutrients and avoid fertilizer loss. The principle of the compound fertilizer is to provide comprehensive nutrients required for stone slopes, improve the soil environment, and help plants recover growth in harsh environments. Through the improvement of the soil, the fertilizer not only provides the necessary nutrients for plants, but also enhances the stability of the soil, which is helpful for the root penetration of the plants and their survival, thereby promoting the ecological restoration of the slope and improving the ecological environment.

[0003] Although the compound fertilizer has certain advantages in the ecological restoration of stone slopes, it also has some disadvantages. Although the fertilizer has slow-release function, the effect of the fertilizer may gradually weaken during long-term use, especially under extreme climate conditions, the restoration effect of the fertilizer may not be sustainable. The components of the fertilizer have a negative impact on the soil microbial community, thereby affecting the stability of the soil ecology. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a special compound fertilizer for ecological restoration of stone slope and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problem that the fertilizer has slow-release function, and the effect of the fertilizer may gradually weaken during long-term use. The components of the fertilizer have a negative impact on the soil microbial community, thereby affecting the stability of the soil ecology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A special compound fertilizer for ecological restoration of stone slope, comprising the following raw materials in mass percentage:

[0007] 5-20 parts of nitrogen source component, 5-15 parts of phosphorus source component, 5-15 parts of potassium source component, 1 part of trace element, 20-40 parts of organic matter component, 10-25 parts of slow-release component, and 5-10 parts of soil conditioner;

[0008] The organic matter component is composed of humic acid, humus and animal manure in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0009] The slow-release component is composed of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, slow-release phosphorus fertilizer and slow-release potassium fertilizer in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0010] The soil conditioner is composed of lime, humic acid and activated carbon in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0011] Further, the nitrogen source component is composed of urea and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0012] The phosphorus source component is composed of superphosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0013] The potassium source component is composed of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0014] The trace elements are composed of iron, manganese, zinc and copper in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1.

[0015] Further, the slow-release component adopts polymer-coated slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, slow-release phosphorus fertilizer and slow-release potassium fertilizer, and the coating thickness is 1 to 5 microns.

[0016] The application also provides a preparation method of the compound fertilizer special for ecological restoration of stone slopes.

[0017] (1) The raw materials are weighed according to the above mass percentage, and then the nitrogen source component and the phosphorus source component are mixed uniformly to obtain a basic nutrient mixture;

[0018] (2) The potassium source component is coated by using microcapsule technology, and the potassium source is coated in a biodegradable polymer shell by microcapsule technology, so as to ensure that the potassium source has a delaying effect in the fertilizer release process and improve its stability under extreme climate conditions;

[0019] (3) The organic matter component is fermented under specific temperature and humidity conditions to generate an organic fertilizer for improving soil, which is added to the fertilizer to improve the water retention capacity of the soil and effectively promote the health of the microbial community;

[0020] (4) The trace elements are treated by using composite microbial engineering technology, and the elements are combined with biological organic matter by using microbial induction synthesis technology, so that they can interact with the microbial community in the soil after application, and the soil ecological stability is enhanced;

[0021] (5) The soil conditioner is mixed with the fertilizer, and a new compound is formed through biological catalytic reaction, so as to increase the binding force between the fertilizer and the soil, help to adjust the pH value of the soil and improve the soil structure;

[0022] (6) The slow-release component is coated by supercritical fluid technology, which is coated in the high polymer material by supercritical fluid technology to ensure the long-term release of nutrients in the soil;

[0023] (7) The coated particles are treated with a special surface coating, which contains ultraviolet-resistant materials and antioxidants, which can effectively prevent the degradation of fertilizer components when exposed to sunlight, prolonging the duration of the repair effect;

[0024] (8) The raw materials treated in steps (1)-(7) are mixed, and the fertilizer is pressed into 0.5 to 2 mm particles by high-temperature and high-pressure granulation technology to ensure the uniformity and stability of the fertilizer;

[0025] (9) The granulated fertilizer is subjected to deep drying treatment, and low-temperature vacuum drying technology is used to remove excess moisture to avoid the volatilization and loss of fertilizer components, while improving the storage stability of the fertilizer.

[0026] Further, the total nitrogen and phosphorus ratio of the nitrogen source component and the phosphorus source component in step (1) is 1:0.5 to 1:1, which can achieve the optimal repair effect.

[0027] Further, the organic matter component in the present application is treated by double fermentation technology, which makes the organic matter more easily decomposed by soil microorganisms, further improving the long-term effect of the fertilizer and soil health.

[0028] Further, the trace elements are activated by ultrasonic treatment process, which has higher solubility and bioavailability in soil, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of plants to trace elements.

[0029] Further, the particle size of the compound fertilizer is 0.5 to 2 mm.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0031] The compound fertilizer of the present application can effectively delay the release of potassium source by using microcapsule technology to coat the potassium source, thereby avoiding the rapid loss of nutrients of the fertilizer and ensuring the continuous provision of nutrients for a long time, which is particularly important for the repair effect in harsh weather. Secondly, the slow-release component is coated by supercritical fluid technology, which is coated in the high polymer material, so that the nutrients can be stably and continuously released in the soil, significantly prolonging the effect of the fertilizer and avoiding the decay of the repair effect of traditional fertilizers due to rapid release in extreme weather. In addition, the use of nanotechnology to treat trace elements and ultrasonic treatment process makes them have higher solubility and bioavailability, which improves the absorption efficiency of plants to trace elements, effectively promotes plant growth, and enhances the stability of the soil ecosystem.

[0032] The organic fertilizer added in the fertilizer adopts a double fermentation technology, so that the organic matter is easily decomposed and fully utilized by soil microorganisms, thereby improving the water retention capacity of the soil, improving the soil structure, and at the same time, enhancing the health of the microbial community and promoting the natural repair of the soil. Secondly, the soil conditioner added forms new complexes through a biological catalytic reaction, which not only improves the pH and permeability of the soil, but also enhances the binding force between the fertilizer and the soil, helping the soil to restore the natural ecological balance. Finally, the use of degradable packaging materials avoids environmental pollution during the use of the fertilizer, which embodies the environmental protection characteristics of the technical scheme. Therefore, the technical scheme can improve the ecological repair efficiency of the rocky slope, and at the same time, enhance the sustainability and ecological restoration capacity of the soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A preparation process schematic diagram of the special compound fertilizer for ecological repair of rocky slope is provided in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] In the embodiments of the present application, the organic matter component is composed of humic acid, humus and animal manure in a mass ratio of 1:1:1; the slow-release component is composed of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, slow-release phosphorus fertilizer and slow-release potassium fertilizer in a mass ratio of 1:1:1; the soil conditioner is composed of lime, humic acid and activated carbon in a mass ratio of 1:1:1. The nitrogen source component is composed of urea and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 1:1; the phosphorus source component is composed of calcium superphosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:1; the potassium source component is composed of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of 1:1; and the trace elements are composed of iron, manganese, zinc and copper in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] (1) The nitrogen source component 5 parts, the phosphorus source component 15 parts, the potassium source component 15 parts, the trace element component 1 part, the organic matter component 40 parts, the slow-release component 15 parts and the soil conditioner 10 parts are weighed according to the mass percentage, and then the nitrogen source component and the phosphorus source component are uniformly mixed to obtain a basic nutrient mixture;

[0038] (2) The potassium source component is coated by using a microcapsule technology;

[0039] (3) The organic matter component is fermented under specific temperature and humidity conditions to generate an organic fertilizer for improving the soil;

[0040] (4) The trace elements are treated by complex microbial engineering technology;

[0041] (5) The soil conditioner is mixed with the fertilizer, and a new complex is formed through biological catalytic reaction;

[0042] (6) The slow-release component is coated using supercritical fluid technology to obtain coated particles;

[0043] (7) The coated particles are subjected to special surface coating treatment, and the coating contains ultraviolet-resistant materials and antioxidants;

[0044] (8) The raw materials treated in steps (1)-(7) are mixed, and the fertilizer is pressed into 0.5 mm particles through high-temperature and high-pressure granulation technology to ensure the uniformity and stability of the fertilizer;

[0045] (9) The granulated fertilizer is subjected to deep drying treatment, and low-temperature vacuum drying technology is used to remove excess moisture to avoid volatilization and loss of fertilizer components, while improving the storage stability of the fertilizer.

[0046] (10) The fertilizer repair efficiency is tested, the repair efficiency of the fertilizer is evaluated by simulating extreme climate conditions to ensure its long-term stability in different environments; the final dried fertilizer is packaged into the final product, and degradable packaging materials are used to ensure that there is no environmental pollution during transportation and storage, which is convenient for later use. The trace elements are activated by ultrasonic treatment process to have higher solubility and bioavailability in soil, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of plants to trace elements.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] (1) 20 parts of nitrogen source component, 5 parts of phosphorus source component, 5 parts of potassium source component, 1 part of trace element, 40 parts of organic matter component, 25 parts of slow-release component, and 5 parts of soil conditioner are weighed according to the mass percentage; then the nitrogen source component and the phosphorus source component are mixed uniformly to obtain a basic nutrient mixture;

[0049] (2) The potassium source component is coated using microcapsule technology;

[0050] (3) The organic matter component is fermented under specific temperature and humidity conditions to generate organic fertilizer for improving soil;

[0051] (4) The trace elements are treated by complex microbial engineering technology;

[0052] (5) The soil conditioner is mixed with the fertilizer, and a new complex is formed through biological catalytic reaction;

[0053] (6) The slow-release component is coated using supercritical fluid technology to obtain coated particles;

[0054] (7) The coated particles are subjected to a special surface coating treatment, the coating containing an anti-ultraviolet material and an antioxidant;

[0055] (8) Mix the raw materials processed in steps (1)-(7), and press the fertilizer into 2 mm granules using high temperature and high pressure granulation technology to ensure the uniformity and stability of the fertilizer.

[0056] (9) Deeply dry the granular fertilizer and use low temperature vacuum drying technology to remove excess moisture in order to avoid the volatilization and loss of fertilizer components, and at the same time improve the storage stability of fertilizer.

[0057] (10) Conduct fertilizer remediation efficiency tests, evaluate fertilizer remediation efficiency by simulating extreme climate conditions, and ensure its long-term stability in different environments; package the finally dried fertilizer into the final product and use biodegradable packaging materials to ensure that no environmental pollution is generated during transportation and storage, and facilitates later use; the trace elements are activated by ultrasonic treatment process to make them more soluble and bioavailable in the soil, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of trace elements by plants.

[0058] Test case

[0059] 1.1 Experimental Environment

[0060] High temperature (40℃), drought (relative humidity 30%), strong ultraviolet radiation (UV index 10);

[0061] 1.2 Repair effect indicators

[0062] Soil pH: Initial pH was 6.5, and pH after treatment was 7.2;

[0063] Soil moisture retention capacity: initial moisture content was 12%, and moisture content after treatment was 20%;

[0064] Microbial activity: increased by approximately 25%.

[0065] 1.3 Experimental Results (Repair Effect Data)

[0066] Soil pH: The pH value after treatment was 7.2, which was 0.7 higher than the initial value (6.5), indicating that the fertilizer had a significant effect on regulating soil pH.

[0067] Soil moisture retention capacity: The moisture content after treatment was 20%, which was 8% higher than the 12% of the untreated soil, indicating that the fertilizer played a positive role in improving soil moisture retention capacity.

[0068] Microbial activity: Microbial activity increased by 25%, indicating that the organic components of the fertilizer effectively promoted the health of the soil microbial community.

[0069] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compound fertilizer specifically for ecological restoration of rocky slopes, characterized in that, Includes the following parts by weight of raw materials: 5 to 20 parts nitrogen source, 5 to 15 parts phosphorus source, 5 to 15 parts potassium source, 1 part trace element, 20 to 40 parts organic matter, 10 to 25 parts slow-release component, and 5 to 10 parts soil conditioner. The organic matter component is composed of humic acid, humus and animal excrement in a mass ratio of 1:1:

1. The slow-release component is composed of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, slow-release phosphorus fertilizer and slow-release potassium fertilizer in a mass ratio of 1:1:1; The soil conditioner is composed of lime, humic acid, and activated carbon in a mass ratio of 1:1:

1.

2. The compound fertilizer for ecological restoration of rocky slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nitrogen source is composed of urea and ammonium nitrate in a 1:1 mass ratio; The phosphorus source is composed of superphosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in a 1:1 mass ratio. The potassium source component is composed of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate in a 1:1 mass ratio; The trace elements are composed of iron, manganese, zinc and copper in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:

1.

3. The compound fertilizer for ecological restoration of rocky slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slow-release components are polymer-coated slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, slow-release phosphorus fertilizer and slow-release potassium fertilizer, with a coating thickness of 1 to 5 micrometers.

4. A method for preparing a compound fertilizer specifically for ecological restoration of rocky slopes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Weigh each raw material according to the mass percentage of any one of claims 1-3, and then mix the nitrogen source component and the phosphorus source component evenly to obtain a basic nutrient mixture; The total nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio should be controlled between 1:0.5 and 1:1 to achieve the best remediation effect; (2) Using technology to microencapsulate potassium source components; (3) Ferment the organic matter to produce organic fertilizer that improves the soil; (4) Trace elements are treated through composite microbial engineering. Microbial-induced synthesis technology is used to combine these elements with biological organic matter so that they can interact with the microbial community in the soil after application. (5) Soil conditioner is formed into a new complex through biocatalytic reaction, which increases the binding force between fertilizer and soil and helps to regulate soil pH and improve soil structure. (6) Supercritical fluid technology is used to encapsulate the slow-release components; (7) The coated particles are subjected to a surface coating treatment, wherein the coating contains an anti-ultraviolet material and an antioxidant. (8) Mix the raw materials processed in steps (1)-(7), and press the fertilizer into 0.5 to 2 mm granules by high temperature and high pressure to ensure the uniformity and stability of the fertilizer. (9) Deeply dry the granular fertilizer and use low temperature vacuum drying technology to remove excess moisture in order to avoid the volatilization and loss of fertilizer components, and at the same time improve the storage stability of the fertilizer.

5. The method for preparing a special compound fertilizer for ecological restoration of rocky slopes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The organic fertilizer undergoes dual fermentation, making the organic matter easier for soil microorganisms to decompose, thereby further improving the long-term effectiveness of the fertilizer and soil health.

6. The method for preparing a special compound fertilizer for ecological restoration of rocky slopes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The trace elements are activated through an ultrasonic treatment process, which makes them more soluble and bioavailable in the soil, thereby improving the efficiency of plant absorption of trace elements.

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