Titanium alloy laser cladding wear-resistant layer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a titanium alloy laser cladding wear-resistant layer and a preparation method thereof.The mixed powder of the wear-resistant cladding layer comprises, by mass, 11%-19% of Ni (at) MoS2 powder, 15%-24% of ZrO2 powder and the balance Ni alloy powder, and according to the mass percentage, WZrO2 = 1.12 WNi (at) MoS2 + 2.31%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking high Ni-coated MoS2 powder, ZrO2 powder and Ni alloy powder, carrying out ball-milling mixing in normal-temperature and normal-pressure air, uniformly spreading the mixed powder on the surface of a titanium alloy matrix, and carrying out two-time cladding by adopting high-energy beam laser in a normal-temperature and normal-pressure air environment. According to the method, in the process of preparing the cladding layer, a vacuum environment is not needed, the prepared wear-resistant layer is high in hardness, good in formability and low in wear rate, and the wear resistance of the surface of the titanium alloy can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a wear-resistant layer for titanium alloy laser cladding and its preparation method, which can improve the wear resistance of titanium alloy surface and belongs to the field of laser manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] Titanium alloys are widely used in aerospace, marine engineering, petrochemicals, and biomedicine due to their high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance, outstanding low-temperature toughness, non-magnetic properties, and good biocompatibility. With industrial development, the application fields of titanium alloys are constantly expanding. However, their low microhardness and poor tribological properties limit their widespread application to non-friction areas, restricting their application scope. Therefore, most current in-depth research on titanium alloys aims to expand their application range. Researchers have used various surface modification techniques to prepare coatings on titanium alloy surfaces, aiming to improve their surface hardness and overall wear resistance. For example, physical vapor deposition (PVD) is used to prepare W-DLC composite coatings by sputtering or ion plating in a vacuum environment to protect titanium alloys from scratches. Plasma carburizing technology is used to nitrid titanium alloys to form α-Ti(N), Ti2N, and TiN, thereby improving the hardness and anti-friction corrosion properties of titanium alloys. Plasma spraying (APS) was used to prepare surface-deposited bonding coatings (BC, NiCrAlY) and topcoats (TC, YTaO4), which significantly improved surface hardness, thermal shock resistance, wear resistance, and lifespan. Additionally, a self-lubricating, multifunctional coating, h-BN / TiO4, was prepared using micro-arc oxidation technology. 2-WO3 In-situ composite films reduce the coefficient of friction while increasing surface hardness (1269HV1). These technologies can improve the wear resistance of titanium alloys to a certain extent. However, the coatings prepared by these technologies have low bonding strength with the substrate, making them prone to detachment from the substrate surface. Furthermore, the coatings produce a large number of wear fragments, which exacerbates the wear on the titanium alloys.

[0003] With the widespread use of lasers and the reduction in their operating costs, improving the wear resistance of titanium alloys through laser-based coatings has become a research hotspot. Methods include laser fused deposition (LDM), laser deposition (SLD), laser powder deposition (LPD), laser melting (SLM), and laser cladding (LC). Among these, laser cladding offers high deposition rates and low equipment costs, making it particularly suitable for on-site repair of large workpieces. Therefore, laser cladding (LC) possesses irreplaceable advantages in terms of overall performance and economy. Due to the sensitivity of titanium alloys to elements such as oxygen and hydrogen, argon gas or a vacuum environment is required during the preparation process to ensure no external factors interfere with the experimental results. When designing the cladding powder, both improved wear resistance and performance matching between the substrate and the cladding material must be considered. Ni alloy powder's self-deoxidizing and slag-forming capabilities can cover the molten pool surface to isolate oxygen, significantly reducing porosity and oxide inclusions, and improving coating density. Ni@MoS2 and ZrO2 powders can reduce the coating's friction coefficient and increase its overall hardness. Considering the coating's lifespan and the residual stress generated by laser heat input, a double-layer coating is prepared to improve manufacturing precision and quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: One objective of this invention is to provide a laser cladding wear-resistant layer that significantly improves the wear resistance of titanium alloys. Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the laser cladding wear-resistant layer, thereby improving the wear resistance of the titanium alloy substrate.

[0005] Technical Solution: The present invention discloses a titanium alloy laser cladding wear-resistant layer, wherein the titanium alloy laser cladding wear-resistant layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: 11-19% nickel-coated molybdenum disulfide (Ni@MoS2) powder, 15-24% ZrO2 powder, and the balance being Ni alloy powder, wherein W by weight percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%, W ZrO2 W represents the mass percentage of ZrO2. Ni@MoS2 This indicates the mass percentage of Ni@MoS2.

[0006] Further, the Ni alloy powder, by mass percentage, comprises: Fe 0.6–0.9%, Si 0.4–0.5%, Cr 13–14%, Mo 14–15%, W 4.2–6%, Mn 0.1–0.5%, with the balance being Ni. The MoS2 content in the Ni@MoS2 powder is 22–25% by mass. The titanium alloy matrix, by mass percentage, comprises: Al 5.5–5.9%, V 4.3–4.6%, Fe 0.1–0.2%, Zr 0.3–0.9%, with the balance being Ti. The particle size of the Ni@MoS2 powder is 30–180 μm, the particle size of the ZrO2 powder is 20–100 μm, and the particle size of the Ni alloy powder is 20–130 μm. The purity of both the ZrO2 powder and the Ni alloy powder is above 99.99%, and all three powders conform to a normal distribution. The microstructure of the wear-resistant layer laser cladding on the surface of titanium alloy consists of β-Ti, β-(Ti,Mo,Cr), α-(Ti,Zr), Ti2Ni, -TiNi, and MoS2.

[0007] The method for preparing the wear-resistant layer of titanium alloy by laser cladding according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0008] (1) Ni@MoS2 powder, ZrO2 powder and Ni alloy powder were ball-milled and mixed to obtain composite powder;

[0009] (2) Spread the composite powder evenly on the surface of the titanium alloy substrate;

[0010] (3) Use a laser to melt the composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy substrate to obtain a basic laser cladding layer;

[0011] (4) After the basic laser cladding layer cools to the set temperature, the same composite powder is laid again to perform the second layer of powder cladding and then cooled.

[0012] Further, in step (1), the ball milling and mixing are carried out in air at normal temperature and pressure, without the need for a vacuum environment or inert gas protection. In steps (1) and (4), the composite powder is laid on the surface of the titanium alloy substrate with the same thickness, which is 1 to 1.5 mm. In step (4), the temperature is set at 100-200℃, and the laser cladding direction of the second layer of composite powder is perpendicular to that of the first layer. In steps (3) and (4), the laser cladding is carried out in air at normal temperature and pressure, without the need for a high vacuum environment or inert gas protection. The laser spot is circular with a diameter of 2-3 mm, the laser scanning speed is about 4.1 to 5.3 mm / s, the laser power is 900-1200 W, and the overlap rate is 40-50%.

[0013] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0014] (1) The differences between this invention and other laser cladding methods for manufacturing wear-resistant layers are as follows: 1) Unique alloy composition: This invention combines the non-equilibrium solidification process of Ni-Ti-Zr-Mo quaternary alloys to design a novel alloy composition system, fully considering the complex physicochemical metallurgical processes of the four elements. By forming a suitable ratio of hard phase and lubricating phase in the wear-resistant layer, the wear resistance of the cladding layer is synergistically improved; 2) Simple manufacturing environment: No need for conventional high vacuum or inert gas protection environment. In conventional laser cladding processes, to prevent oxidation of titanium alloys, the cladding layer manufacturing process is carried out in a high vacuum or fully inert gas protection environment, requiring the addition of large vacuum devices or excessive protective gas to achieve complete oxygen isolation. The laser cladding process is complex and the manufacturing cost is huge. This invention, however, takes the opposite approach, making full use of oxygen in the air. Combined with a unique alloy composition design, oxygen is removed during the metallurgical process and then converted into gas that overflows from the molten pool. This invention does not require vacuum or inert gas to isolate oxygen, the manufacturing environment is relatively simple, and efficient manufacturing can be achieved in air at normal temperature and pressure.

[0015] (2) In the composite powder of the present invention, nickel alloy is the main alloying element. Nickel alloy has a face-centered cubic structure, and titanium alloy also exhibits a face-centered cubic structure at high temperatures. The atomic radii of titanium and nickel are relatively small, which can form a solid solution, thereby promoting the bonding strength between the cladding wear-resistant layer and the titanium matrix. Nickel alloy has strong fluidity at high temperatures, which can promote the uniform reaction of other elements in the molten pool. Nickel element can also combine with titanium in titanium alloy to form Ti2Ni and TiNi strengthening phases, improving the wear resistance of the cladding layer. Chromium and molybdenum elements in nickel alloy have good miscibility with titanium, forming a β-(Ti,Mo,Cr) composite solid solution, which plays a basic strengthening role. Tungsten element in nickel alloy can partially dissolve in titanium alloy crystals, causing lattice distortion, thereby improving the overall surface hardness of the wear-resistant layer. If the nickel alloy content is too low, its solid solution content in titanium is small, which cannot guarantee a good bonding force between the cladding layer and the matrix; if the nickel content is high, it will exist in solid solution form, reducing the surface wear resistance.

[0016] (3) Ni@MoS2 is an important lubricating phase. MoS2 has the functions of lubrication and friction reduction, but it is easily decomposed under the action of high-power laser. In Ni@MoS2 powder, the outer layer of MoS2 is wrapped with nickel. Under the action of high-power laser, the Ni alloy and the surrounding cladding Ni are integrated. Some MoS2 can react with oxygen in the air to form SO2 that overflows from the cladding layer, thus achieving the purpose of deoxidation. The remaining MoS2 has a lamellar structure, which can significantly reduce the friction coefficient during friction, thus playing a role in lubrication and friction reduction. If the Ni@MoS2 content is too low, the residual MoS2 content will be too low and will not play a lubricating role; if the Ni@MoS2 content is too high, the MoS2 will not be fully exposed in the cladding layer and will not play a lubricating role. Moreover, the MoS2 content in Ni@MoS2 powder is also an important parameter. If the MoS2 content is too high, it will completely decompose under the action of laser, and the MoS2 lubricating phase cannot be retained in the wear-resistant layer; if its content is too low, the MoS2 phase cannot be formed in the wear-resistant layer either. It needs to be matched with the laser manufacturing parameters.

[0017] (4) ZrO2 is an important hard reinforcing phase. Under high energy density laser irradiation, it decomposes into Zr and O. Zr is soluble in titanium and forms α-(Ti,Zr) during subsequent cooling, playing a basic role in wear resistance. Studies have shown that maintaining a certain ratio between the lubricating phase MoS2 and the hard phase ZrO2 achieves optimal wear resistance. Through computer simulation and calculation, the relationship between Ni@MoS2 powder and ZrO2 powder is: W ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a macroscopic surface morphology diagram of the wear-resistant cladding layer manufactured by laser in Example 1;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a microstructure image of the wear-resistant cladding layer manufactured by laser in Example 1;

[0020] Figure 3 The images show the surface morphology of the wear marks on the laser-manufactured cladding layer and the surface morphology of the titanium alloy used in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] Preparation of Ni@MoS2 powder used in subsequent experiments:

[0025] (1) Ammonium molybdate and thiourea were added to deionized water at a ratio of 0.5:2:80 mg / mg / L. The mixture was stirred at 60°C for 1 hour to obtain a transparent, light yellow-green solution. The pH was adjusted to 2-4 using hydrochloric acid or ammonia. The solution was transferred to a 150L polytetrafluoroethylene-lined autoclave (volume not exceeding 80%). After reacting at 200°C for 24 hours, MoS2 nanoflowers were generated. After cooling, the precipitate was collected by centrifugation and washed three times alternately with ethanol and water to remove ammonium salts and byproducts. Finally, the solution was vacuum dried at 60°C for 12 hours to obtain MoS2. Molybdenum pentachloride can also be used as the molybdenum source, and sodium sulfide or thioacetamide can also be used as the sulfur source.

[0026] (2) Add 420g MoS2 to 20L of deionized water, sonicate for 1h, and then stir to form a uniform suspension. Add 120g NiCl2·6H2O and 40g PVP, and stir at 60℃ for 2h to allow PVP to adsorb onto the MoS2 surface, providing anchoring sites for Ni2+. Ni2+ is then adsorbed onto the defect sites of MoS2 through electrostatic interaction. Add 450mL of hydrazine hydrate (80%) dropwise, controlling the dropping rate at 5mL / min. Continue stirring at 80℃ for 4h to reduce Ni2+ to Ni. 0 Nanoparticles. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation, washed three times each with water and ethanol to remove free Ni2+ and PVP, and then vacuum dried at 60℃ for 24 h to obtain Ni@MoS2 material (grayish-black powder, with a MoS2 mass percentage of 23% and a particle size range of approximately 40-170 μm).

[0027] By controlling the amount of MoS2 used, Ni@MoS2 powders with different MoS2 mass percentages can be prepared. The particle size of Ni@MoS2 powder varies slightly between different batches, but the overall particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder is approximately 30-180 μm.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2+2.31%. The composite powder used has the following mass percentage composition: Ni@MoS2 powder 11.5%, ZrO2 powder 15.2%, and the balance being Ni alloy powder. The Ni alloy powder composition is: Fe 0.7%, Si 0.41%, Cr 13.2%, Mo 14.3%, W 4.3%, Mn 0.2%, and the balance being Ni. The MoS2 content in the Ni@MoS2 powder is 23%. The titanium alloy sheet used has the following mass percentage composition: Al 5.6%, V 4.4%, Fe 0.12%, Zr 0.4%, and the balance being Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder is 40-170 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder is 30-90 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 40-130 μm. The purity of both ZrO2 powder and Ni alloy powder is above 99.99%, and all three powders used conform to a normal distribution.

[0030] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2 powder, ZrO2 powder and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder. Then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 180 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 1 mm to spread the prepared composite powder evenly on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 1 mm.

[0031] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 2 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 4.5 mm / s, the laser power was 950 W, the overlap rate was 40%, and after cooling to 120°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 1 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used to carry out the second layer cladding process. The cladding direction of the second layer was perpendicular to that of the first layer.

[0032] The macroscopic morphology of the laser-manufactured wear-resistant cladding layer prepared in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, from Figure 1 As can be seen, it has good formability and no obvious cracks were observed on the surface. The microstructure morphology is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the microstructure of the wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of titanium alloy produced by laser manufacturing consists of β-Ti, β-(Ti,Mo,Cr), α-(Ti,Zr), Ti2Ni, TiNi and MoS2.

[0033] The tribological properties of the wear-resistant cladding layer manufactured in this embodiment were tested using a dry sliding friction and wear test. The prepared wear-resistant layer was cut into samples with dimensions of 20mm × 20mm × 10mm, and then tested on a reciprocating friction and wear testing machine. The wear track length was 10mm (L), and the applied load was 20N (F).n The cross-sectional area (S) of the wear track was measured using a laser confocal microscope. Substituting this data into formula (1) yields the wear rate, which is 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 Under the same testing conditions, the wear rate of pure titanium alloy sheet was 5.7 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 Therefore, it is evident that laser-manufactured surface wear-resistant layers significantly improve the wear resistance of titanium alloys. Figure 3 The wear track morphology of laser-manufactured wear-resistant cladding and titanium alloy is shown, where (a) is the wear track morphology of the wear-resistant cladding and (b) is the wear track morphology of the titanium alloy. The laser-manufactured wear-resistant layer exhibits abrasive wear characteristics, while the titanium alloy substrate exhibits typical shear wear. The wear mechanism of the titanium alloy is altered by laser manufacturing of the wear-resistant layer, thereby improving the wear resistance of the titanium alloy substrate.

[0034]

[0035] Example 2

[0036] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%, the mass percentage of the composite powder used is: Ni@MoS2 powder 12.8%, ZrO2 powder 16.6%, balance Ni alloy powder. The mass percentage composition of the Ni alloy powder is Fe 0.8%, Si 0.42%, Cr 13.5%, Mo 14.2%, W 4.5%, Mn 0.2%, balance Ni. The mass percentage content of MoS2 in the Ni@MoS2 powder is 24%. The mass percentage composition of the titanium alloy plate used is: Al 5.7%, V 4.5%, Fe 0.15%, Zr 0.3%, balance Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder is 30-150 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder is 25-92 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 30-120 μm. All three powders used satisfy a normal distribution.

[0037] The experimental procedure is the same as in Example 1, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0038] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 200 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 1.5 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 1.5 mm.

[0039] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 2 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 4.8 mm / s, the laser power was 1000 W, the overlap rate was 50%, and after cooling to 150°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 1.5 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used to carry out the second layer cladding process. The cladding direction of the second layer was perpendicular to that of the first layer.

[0040] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the contour method data and the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the laser-manufactured wear-resistant cladding layer was found to be 0.9 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 .

[0041] Example 3

[0042] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%, the mass percentage of the composite powder used is: Ni@MoS2 powder 14.6%, ZrO2 powder 18.7%, balance Ni alloy powder. The mass percentage composition of the Ni alloy powder is Fe 0.8%, Si 0.42%, Cr 13.5%, Mo 14.2%, W 4.5%, Mn 0.2%, balance Ni. The mass percentage content of MoS2 in the Ni@MoS2 powder is 23%. The mass percentage composition of the titanium alloy plate used is: Al 5.7%, V 4.5%, Fe 0.15%, Zr 0.3%, balance Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder is 40-170 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder is 40-95 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 40-130 μm. All three powders used satisfy a normal distribution.

[0043] The experimental procedure is the same as in Example 1, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0044] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 150 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 1 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 1 mm.

[0045] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 3 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 4.9 mm / s, the laser power was 1100 W, the overlap rate was 45%, and after cooling to 180°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 1 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used to carry out the second layer cladding process. The cladding direction of the second layer was perpendicular to that of the first layer.

[0046] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the contour method data and the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the laser-manufactured wear-resistant cladding layer was found to be 1.3 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 .

[0047] Example 4

[0048] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%, the mass percentage of the composite powder used is: Ni@MoS2 powder 16.7%, ZrO2 powder 21.0%, balance Ni alloy powder. The mass percentage composition of the Ni alloy powder is Fe 0.7%, Si 0.41%, Cr 13.2%, Mo 14.3%, W 5.3%, Mn 0.2%, balance Ni. The mass percentage content of MoS2 in the Ni@MoS2 powder is 24%. The mass percentage composition of the titanium alloy plate used is: Al 5.6%, V 4.4%, Fe 0.12%, Zr 0.4%, balance Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder is 30-150 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder is 20-95 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 30-120 μm. All three powders used satisfy a normal distribution.

[0049] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 180 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 1.3 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 1.3 mm.

[0050] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 3 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 4.9 mm / s, the laser power was 1000 W, the overlap rate was 50%, and after cooling to 130°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 1.3 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used to carry out the second layer cladding process. The cladding direction of the second layer was perpendicular to that of the first layer.

[0051] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the contour method data and the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the prepared wear-resistant layer was 1.1 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 .

[0052] Example 5

[0053] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%, the mass percentage of the composite powder used is: Ni@MoS2 powder 18.2%, ZrO2 powder 22.7%, balance Ni alloy powder, the mass percentage composition of the Ni alloy powder is Fe 0.8%, Si 0.48%, Cr 13.8%, Mo 14.7%, W 5%, Mn 0.2%, balance Ni, the mass percentage of MoS2 in the Ni@MoS2 powder is 24%, the mass percentage composition of the titanium alloy plate used is: Al 5.8%, V 4.5%, Fe 0.17%, Zr 0.6%, balance Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder is 30-160 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder is 20-95 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 30-130 μm. All three powders used satisfy a normal distribution.

[0054] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 150 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 1 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 1 mm.

[0055] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 2 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 5.2 mm / s, the laser power was 1150 W, the overlap rate was 40%, and after cooling to 120°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 1 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used to carry out the second layer cladding process. The cladding direction of the second layer was perpendicular to that of the first layer.

[0056] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the contour method data and the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the prepared wear-resistant layer was 1.3 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 .

[0057] Comparative Example 1

[0058] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%, the mass percentage of the composite powder used was: Ni@MoS2 powder 9.1%, ZrO2 powder 12.5%, balance Ni alloy powder, the mass percentage composition of the Ni alloy powder was Fe 0.7%, Si 0.41%, Cr 13.2%, Mo 14.3%, W 4.3%, Mn 0.2%, balance Ni, the mass percentage of MoS2 in the Ni@MoS2 powder was 23%, and the mass percentage composition of the titanium alloy plate used was: Al 5.6%, V 4.4%, Fe 0.12%, Zr 0.4%, balance Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder was 40-170 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder was 30-90 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder was 40-130 μm. All three powders used met the normal distribution. The experimental procedure was the same as in implementation 1, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0059] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 180 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 1 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 1 mm.

[0060] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 2 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 4.5 mm / s, the laser power was 950 W, the overlap rate was 40%, and after cooling to 120°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 1 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used to carry out the second layer cladding process. The cladding direction of the second layer was perpendicular to that of the first layer.

[0061] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the contour method data and the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the prepared wear-resistant layer was 5.4 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 Compared to Example 1, this comparative example simply reduces the Ni@MoS2 content and follows the inventive formula W ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 The ZrO2 content was calculated to be +2.31%, which significantly reduced the wear resistance.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%, the mass percentage of the composite powder used is: Ni@MoS2 powder 22%, ZrO2 powder 27%, balance Ni alloy powder. The mass percentage composition of the Ni alloy powder is Fe 0.7%, Si 0.41%, Cr 13.2%, Mo 14.3%, W 4.3%, Mn 0.2%, balance Ni. The mass percentage content of MoS2 in the Ni@MoS2 powder is 23%. The mass percentage composition of the titanium alloy plate used is: Al 5.6%, V 4.4%, Fe 0.12%, Zr 0.4%, balance Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder is 40-170 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder is 30-90 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 40-130 μm. All three powders used satisfy a normal distribution.

[0064] The experimental procedure is the same as in Implementation 1, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0065] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 180 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 1 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 1 mm.

[0066] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 2 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 4.5 mm / s, the laser power was 950 W, the overlap rate was 40%, and after cooling to 120°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 1 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used to carry out the second layer cladding process. The cladding direction of the second layer was perpendicular to that of the first layer.

[0067] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the data from the weight loss method and the contour method, and by substituting the data into the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the prepared wear-resistant layer was calculated to be 5.3 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 Compared to Example 1, this comparative example simply increases the Ni@MoS2 content and follows the inventive formula W ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 The ZrO2 content was calculated to be +2.31%, which significantly reduced the wear resistance.

[0068] Comparative Example 3

[0069] The composite powder used had the following mass percentages: Ni@MoS2 powder 11.5%, ZrO2 powder 20.2%, and the balance being Ni alloy powder. The Ni alloy powder composition was: Fe 0.7%, Si 0.41%, Cr 13.2%, Mo 14.3%, W 4.3%, Mn 0.2%, and the balance being Ni. The Ni@MoS2 powder contained 23% MoS2. The titanium alloy sheet used had the following mass percentages: Al 5.6%, V 4.4%, Fe 0.12%, Zr 0.4%, and the balance being Ti. The particle size range of the Ni@MoS2 powder was 40-170 μm, the ZrO2 powder was 30-90 μm, and the Ni alloy powder was 40-130 μm. All three powders used conformed to a normal distribution.

[0070] The experimental procedure is the same as in Implementation 1, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0071] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 180 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 1 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 1 mm.

[0072] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 2 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 4.5 mm / s, the laser power was 950 W, the overlap rate was 40%, and after cooling to 120°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 1 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used to carry out the second layer cladding process. The cladding direction of the second layer was perpendicular to that of the first layer.

[0073] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the contour method data and the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the prepared wear-resistant layer was 5.1 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 Compared to Example 1, the Ni@MoS2 and ZrO2 contents do not satisfy the inventive calculation formula W. ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%, even with appropriate powder content, the wear resistance effect is significantly reduced.

[0074] Comparative Example 4

[0075] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%, the mass percentage of the composite powder used is: Ni@MoS2 powder 11.5%, ZrO2 powder 15.2%, balance Ni alloy powder. The mass percentage composition of the Ni alloy powder is Fe 0.5%, Si 0.44%, Cr 13.2%, Mo 14.3%, Mn 0.2%, balance Ni. The MoS2 mass percentage content in the Ni@MoS2 powder is 23%. The mass percentage composition of the titanium alloy sheet used is: Al 5.6%, V 4.4%, Fe 0.12%, Zr 0.4%, balance Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder is 40-170 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder is 30-90 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 40-130 μm. All three powders used satisfy a normal distribution.

[0076] The experimental procedure is the same as in Implementation 1, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0077] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 180 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 1 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 1 mm.

[0078] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 2 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 4.5 mm / s, the laser power was 950 W, the overlap rate was 40%, and after cooling to 120°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 1 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used to carry out the second layer cladding process. The cladding direction of the second layer was perpendicular to that of the first layer.

[0079] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the contour method data and the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the prepared wear-resistant layer was 4.1 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 Compared to Example 1, simply changing the composition of the Ni alloy powder resulted in a lack of W, which reduced its wear resistance.

[0080] Comparative Example 5

[0081] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%. The composite powder used has the following mass percentage composition: Ni@MoS2 powder 11.5%, ZrO2 powder 15.2%, and the balance being Ni alloy powder. The Ni alloy powder composition is: Fe 0.7%, Si 0.41%, Cr 13.2%, Mo 14.3%, W 4.3%, Mn 0.2%, and the balance being Ni. The Ni@MoS2 powder contains 35% MoS2. The titanium alloy sheet used has the following mass percentage composition: Al 5.6%, V 4.4%, Fe 0.12%, Zr 0.4%, and the balance being Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder is 40-170 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder is 30-90 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 40-130 μm. All three powders used conform to a normal distribution.

[0082] The experimental procedure is the same as in Implementation 1, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0083] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 180 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 1 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 1 mm.

[0084] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 2 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 4.5 mm / s, the laser power was 950 W, the overlap rate was 40%, and after cooling to 120°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 1 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used to carry out the second layer cladding process. The cladding direction of the second layer was perpendicular to that of the first layer.

[0085] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the contour method data and the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the prepared wear-resistant layer was 4.4 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 Compared to Example 1, simply changing the mass percentage of MoS2 in the Ni@MoS2 powder resulted in a higher mass percentage of MoS2 in the Ni@MoS2 powder, but also a decrease in wear resistance.

[0086] Comparative Example 6

[0087] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%, the mass percentage of the composite powder used is: Ni@MoS2 powder 11.5%, ZrO2 powder 15.2%, balance Ni alloy powder. The mass percentage composition of the Ni alloy powder is Fe 0.7%, Si 0.41%, Cr 13.2%, Mo 14.3%, W 4.3%, Mn 0.2%, balance Ni. The MoS2 mass percentage content in the Ni@MoS2 powder is 23%. The mass percentage composition of the titanium alloy plate used is: Al 7%, V 3%, Fe 0.12%, Zr 0.4%, balance Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder is 40-170 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder is 30-90 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 40-130 μm. All three powders used satisfy a normal distribution.

[0088] The experimental procedure is the same as in Implementation 1, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0089] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 180 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 1 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 1 mm.

[0090] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 2 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 4.5 mm / s, the laser power was 950 W, the overlap rate was 40%, and after cooling to 120°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 1 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used to carry out the second layer cladding process. The cladding direction of the second layer was perpendicular to that of the first layer.

[0091] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the contour method data and the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the prepared wear-resistant layer was 4.4 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 Compared to Example 1, simply changing the mass percentage of the titanium alloy sheet resulted in a lower V content and a significant decrease in wear resistance.

[0092] Comparative Example 7

[0093] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%. The composite powder used has the following mass percentage composition: Ni@MoS2 powder 11.5%, ZrO2 powder 15.2%, and the balance being Ni alloy powder. The Ni alloy powder composition is: Fe 0.7%, Si 0.41%, Cr 13.2%, Mo 14.3%, W 4.3%, Mn 0.2%, and the balance being Ni. The Ni@MoS2 powder contains 23% MoS2. The titanium alloy sheet used has the following mass percentage composition: Al 5.6%, V 4.4%, Fe 0.12%, Zr 0.4%, and the balance being Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder is 40-170 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder is 30-90 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 40-130 μm. All three powders used conform to a normal distribution.

[0094] The experimental procedure is the same as in Implementation 1, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0095] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 180 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 2 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 2 mm.

[0096] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 2 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 4.5 mm / s, the laser power was 950 W, and the overlap rate was 40%. After cooling to 120°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 2 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used for the second layer cladding process. The cladding direction of the second layer was perpendicular to that of the first layer.

[0097] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the contour method data and the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the prepared wear-resistant layer was 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 Compared to Example 1, simply changing the thickness of the powder layer resulted in a slightly reduced wear resistance due to the increased powder thickness.

[0098] Comparative Example 8

[0099] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%, the mass percentage of the composite powder used is: Ni@MoS2 powder 11.5%, ZrO2 powder 15.2%, balance Ni alloy powder. The mass percentage composition of the Ni alloy powder is Fe 0.7%, Si 0.41%, Cr 13.2%, Mo 14.3%, W 4.3%, Mn 0.2%, balance Ni. The mass percentage content of MoS2 in the Ni@MoS2 powder is 23%. The mass percentage composition of the titanium alloy sheet used is: Al 5.6%, V 4.4%, Fe 0.12%, Zr 0.4%, balance Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder is 40-170 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder is 30-90 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 40-130 μm. All three powders used satisfy a normal distribution.

[0100] The experimental procedure is the same as in Implementation 1, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0101] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 180 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 2 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 2 mm.

[0102] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 2 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 4.5 mm / s, the laser power was 950 W, and the overlap rate was 40%.

[0103] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the contour method data and the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the prepared wear-resistant layer was 2.6 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 Compared to Example 1, the wear resistance effect is slightly reduced when a single-layer wear-resistant layer is manufactured.

[0104] Comparative Example 9

[0105] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%, the mass percentage of the composite powder used is: Ni@MoS2 powder 11.5%, ZrO2 powder 15.2%, balance Ni alloy powder. The mass percentage composition of the Ni alloy powder is Fe 0.7%, Si 0.41%, Cr 13.2%, Mo 14.3%, W 4.3%, Mn 0.2%, balance Ni. The mass percentage content of MoS2 in the Ni@MoS2 powder is 23%. The mass percentage composition of the titanium alloy sheet used is: Al 5.6%, V 4.4%, Fe 0.12%, Zr 0.4%, balance Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder is 40-170 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder is 30-90 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 40-130 μm. All three powders used satisfy a normal distribution.

[0106] The experimental procedure is the same as in Implementation 1, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0107] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 180 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 1 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 1 mm.

[0108] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a diameter of 2 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 4.5 mm / s, the laser power was 950 W, the overlap rate was 40%, and after cooling to 30°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 1 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used for the second layer cladding process. The first and second cladding directions were the same.

[0109] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the data from the weight loss method and the profile method, and by substituting the data into the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the prepared wear-resistant layer was calculated to be 2.4 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 Compared to Example 1, simply adjusting the cooling temperature of the first layer to lower its temperature slightly reduces the wear resistance.

[0110] Comparative Example 10

[0111] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%, the mass percentage of the composite powder used is: Ni@MoS2 powder 11.5%, ZrO2 powder 15.2%, balance Ni alloy. The mass percentage composition of the Ni alloy powder is Fe 0.7%, Si 0.41%, Cr 13.2%, Mo 14.3%, W 4.3%, Mn 0.2%, balance Ni. The mass percentage content of MoS2 in the Ni@MoS2 powder is 23%. The mass percentage composition of the titanium alloy sheet used is: Al 5.6%, V 4.4%, Fe 0.12%, Zr 0.4%, balance Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 is 40-170 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder is 30-90 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 40-130 μm. All three powders used satisfy a normal distribution.

[0112] The experimental procedure is the same as in Implementation 1, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0113] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 180 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 1 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 1 mm.

[0114] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 2 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 43.4 mm / s, the laser power was 800 W, the overlap rate was 60%, and after cooling to 120°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 1 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used to carry out the second layer cladding process.

[0115] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the data from the weight loss method and the profile method, and by substituting the data into the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the prepared wear-resistant layer was calculated to be 2.4 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 Compared to Example 1, simply changing the laser manufacturing parameters resulted in a slight decrease in wear resistance.

[0116] Comparative Example 11

[0117] W by mass percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%, the mass percentage of the composite powder used is: Ni@MoS2 powder 11.5%, ZrO2 powder 15.2%, balance Ni alloy powder. The mass percentage composition of the Ni alloy powder is Fe 0.7%, Si 0.41%, Cr 13.2%, Mo 14.3%, W 4.3%, Mn 0.2%, balance Ni. The mass percentage content of MoS2 in the Ni@MoS2 powder is 23%. The mass percentage composition of the titanium alloy plate used is: Al 5.6%, V 4.4%, Fe 0.12%, Zr 0.4%, balance Ti. The particle size range of Ni@MoS2 powder is 40-170 μm, the particle size range of ZrO2 powder is 30-90 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 40-130 μm. All three powders used satisfy a normal distribution.

[0118] The experimental procedure is the same as in Implementation 1, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0119] (1) Weigh Ni@MoS2, ZrO2 and Ni alloy powder according to the mass percentage of each component of the composite powder, and then mix them in air at room temperature and pressure for 180 min on a planetary ball mill to prepare the composite powder. Use a powder spreader with a thickness of 1 mm to evenly spread the prepared composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy. The thickness of the composite powder spread on the surface of the titanium alloy plate is 1 mm.

[0120] (2) The pre-made composite powder was melted using a fiber laser. The experimental environment was a vacuum environment. The process parameters were as follows: the light source was a circular spot with a spot diameter of 2 mm, the laser scanning speed was about 4.5 mm / s, the laser power was 950 W, the overlap rate was 40%, and after cooling to 120°C in the air, the second layer of composite powder was laid with a thickness of 1 mm. Then, the same laser cladding parameters as the first layer were used for the second layer cladding process.

[0121] The relevant performance tests were the same as in Example 1. Based on the data from the weight loss method and the contour method, and by substituting the data into the wear rate calculation formula, the wear rate of the prepared wear-resistant layer was calculated to be 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. -7 mm 3 ·N -1 ·mm -1 Compared to Example 1, if the experimental environment is simply changed to a vacuum environment as reported in other studies, the wear resistance effect decreases slightly.

[0122] The above-described embodiments and comparative examples show better wear resistance than the untreated titanium alloy. Combining these embodiments and comparative examples, it is clear that using the composite powder designed by the inventors and employing laser cladding parameters that match the powder can significantly improve the wear resistance of titanium alloys. Simply attempting to change the composite powder composition and manufacturing process parameters based on knowledge known in the art or other publicly available reports, or transferring the alloy powder ratio and manufacturing process parameters from this application to other alloys, cannot guarantee the achievement of ideal results.

[0123] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments provided to fully illustrate the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant layer for titanium alloy laser cladding, characterized in that, The laser-clad wear-resistant layer on the titanium alloy surface comprises the following components by weight percentage: 11-19% Ni@MoS2 powder, 15-24% ZrO2 powder, and the balance being Ni alloy powder, wherein W by weight percentage ZrO2 =1.12W Ni@MoS2 +2.31%.

2. The titanium alloy laser cladding wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Ni alloy powder comprises, by mass percentage: Fe 0.6-0.9%, Si 0.4-0.5%, Cr 13-14%, Mo 14-15%, W 4.2-6%, Mn 0.1-0.5%, with the balance being Ni.

3. The titanium alloy laser cladding wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass percentage of MoS2 in Ni@MoS2 powder is 22-25%.

4. The titanium alloy laser cladding wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The titanium alloy matrix, by mass percentage, comprises: Al 5.5-5.9%, V 4.3-4.6%, Fe 0.1-0.2%, Zr 0.3-0.9%, with the balance being Ti.

5. The titanium alloy laser cladding wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of Ni@MoS2 powder is 30-180 μm, the particle size of ZrO2 powder is 20-100 μm, and the particle size of Ni alloy powder is 20-130 μm. All three powders satisfy a normal distribution.

6. The titanium alloy laser cladding wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microstructure of the wear-resistant layer laser cladding on the surface of titanium alloy consists of β-Ti, β-(Ti,Mo,Cr), α-(Ti,Zr), Ti2Ni, TiNi, and MoS2.

7. The method for preparing the wear-resistant layer of titanium alloy laser cladding according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Ni@MoS2 powder, ZrO2 powder and Ni alloy powder were ball-milled and mixed to obtain composite powder; (2) Spread the composite powder evenly on the surface of the titanium alloy substrate; (3) Use a laser to melt the composite powder on the surface of the titanium alloy substrate to obtain a basic laser cladding layer; (4) After the basic laser cladding layer cools to the set temperature, the same composite powder is laid again to perform the second layer of powder cladding and then cooled.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In steps (1) and (4), the composite powder is laid on the surface of the titanium alloy substrate with the same thickness, which is 1 to 1.5 mm.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step (4), the temperature is set to 100-200℃, and the laser cladding direction of the second layer of composite powder is perpendicular to that of the first layer.

10. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In steps (3) and (4), laser cladding is carried out in an air environment with normal temperature and pressure. The laser spot is circular with a diameter of 2-3 mm. The laser scanning speed is 4.1-5.3 mm / s, the laser power is 900-1200 W, and the overlap rate is 40-50%.

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