A disc cutter suitable for oscillating undercutting

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of disc cutter suitable for oscillation undercutting, belong to disc cutter technical field.It includes disc cutter shaft and disc cutter hub, disc cutter shaft includes coaxially arranged cutter shaft base body and cutter shaft fixed disc, the rear end of cutter shaft base body is integrally formed with cutter shaft fixed disc, and cutter shaft fixed disc is connected on the rear end of excavator cantilever by bolt.The disc cutter in the application adopts cantilever structure as a whole, and the disc cutter is fixed on the disc cutter hub, which can rotate freely with the disc cutter hub, and can withstand high-frequency excitation load brought by oscillation mechanism.During oscillation undercutting, the elastic bearing spacer ring between front bearing and rear bearing adjusts cutter starting torque by adjusting bearing play, so as to ensure bearing carrying capacity.Secondly, the end face mechanical seal form composed of front floating seal and rear floating seal forms a sealed chamber inside the disc cutter hub, so as to seal grease inside the disc cutter hub, greatly reduces the risk of grease leakage and seal failure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of disc cutting tool technology, and more particularly to a disc cutting tool suitable for oscillating bottom cutting. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of coal mining and rock tunnel excavation, efficient and low-damage cutting technology has always been a key research and application focus. Traditional cutting methods often use tools such as roller cutters and cutting teeth to squeeze or shear the rock mass. However, in complex strata, strongly weathered surrounding rock, or hard rock environments, conventional tools have low rock-breaking efficiency, high energy consumption, and cause severe equipment vibration, resulting in high maintenance costs. Therefore, oscillating bottom cutting technology has emerged. This method applies high-frequency oscillations to the cutting tool, causing periodic impacts between the tool and the rock mass, forming fissures and reducing rock strength, thereby achieving rock breaking. This technology features high rock-breaking efficiency, low equipment vibration, and high adaptability to equipment structures, and is increasingly being applied to tunneling machines and special drilling rigs.

[0003] Disc cutters are a common tool used for rolling fracturing and rock breaking, mainly applied in hard rock tunneling equipment such as cantilever tunneling machines. Traditional disc cutters typically consist of a cutter shaft, cutter hub, bearings, seals, and discs. They rely on the propulsion force of the equipment to press the discs into the rock surface, achieving rolling fracturing and rock breaking.

[0004] However, after introducing an oscillation mechanism (i.e., axial or radial vibration of the tool), traditional disc cutting tools have the following technical problems:

[0005] 1. The overall structure of the cutting tool has insufficient load-bearing capacity and cannot adapt to oscillating load conditions: Traditional disc cutting tools generally adopt a single set of bearings and a fixed cutting shaft structure. They are mainly designed for static or slowly changing loads. Under high-frequency oscillation, they are prone to premature bearing failure, loose connections or seal failure.

[0006] 2. Difficulty in replacing and maintaining disc cutters: The existing disc structure of the cutters is an integral type. Once the edge wears out, the edge piece cannot be replaced individually. The whole disc must be replaced, resulting in frequent maintenance, high costs, and long downtime, which seriously affects tunneling efficiency.

[0007] 3. Poor cooling and dust removal efficiency: Existing tool water spraying systems mostly use simple external nozzle designs, resulting in a limited spray range. Furthermore, under high-frequency vibration conditions, coolant is difficult to effectively spray to the front of the disc, affecting cooling and dust removal performance. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a disc cutter suitable for oscillating bottom cutting. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A disc cutter suitable for oscillating bottom cutting includes a disc cutter shaft and a disc cutter hub. The disc cutter shaft includes a cutter shaft base and a cutter shaft fixing plate arranged coaxially. The rear end of the cutter shaft base is integrally formed with the cutter shaft fixing plate. The cutter shaft fixing plate is bolted to the rear end of the tunneling machine cantilever. The disc cutter hub is sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft base, and a cavity is formed between the two. The cavity is provided with a front floating seal, a front bearing, an elastic bearing spacer, a rear bearing, and a rear floating seal in sequence from front to rear. A water spray plate is detachably connected to the front end of the cutter shaft base, and a disc cutter is detachably connected to the front end of the disc cutter hub.

[0010] The water spray plate includes a water spray plate base, which is fixedly connected to the front end of the cutter shaft base by bolts. The front half of the circumferential sidewall of the water spray plate base is provided with multiple sets of water spray holes at equal intervals in an annular shape, and each set of water spray holes is fixedly connected to a nozzle.

[0011] The disc cutter includes a disc cutter holder, which is fixedly connected to the front end of the disc cutter hub by bolts. The disc cutter holder surrounds the outer side of the rear half of the spray plate base and a radial gap is formed between the two. Multiple sets of disc edge blocks are detachably connected to the outer circumferential side of the disc cutter holder. The disc edge blocks are movably inserted into the disc cutter holder and locked between them by wedges.

[0012] Optionally, the cutter shaft base adopts a stepped shaft structure, and the cutter shaft base includes a first shaft section at the front end and a second shaft section at the rear end, and the first shaft section and the second shaft section are connected by a transition surface. The front floating seal and the front bearing are sleeved on the outside of the first shaft section, the elastic bearing spacer is interference-fitted on the outside of the conical filter surface, the rear bearing and the rear floating seal are sleeved on the outside of the second shaft section, the front end of the cutter shaft base is threaded with a shaft end locking nut, and the shaft end locking nut and the front end of the cutter shaft base are fixed to prevent loosening by a welded locking block, and the cutter shaft fixing plate is connected to the rear end of the tunneling machine cantilever by bolts.

[0013] Optionally, the sidewall of the disc cutter hub is symmetrically provided with two sets of cutter hub oil passages, and the interior of each set of cutter hub oil passages can be detachably connected with an overflow valve.

[0014] Optionally, the front bearing and the rear bearing are installed back to back, and the elastic bearing spacer is sandwiched between the front bearing and the rear bearing. The inner ring and outer ring of the front bearing are fixedly connected to the cutter shaft base and the disc cutter hub, respectively, and the inner ring and outer ring of the rear bearing are fixedly connected to the cutter shaft base and the disc cutter hub, respectively.

[0015] Optionally, the front floating seal includes a front floating seal pressure ring and a front floating seal outer ring. The front floating seal pressure ring is sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft base and the two are sealed by a front pressure ring seal ring. The front floating seal outer ring is located on the inside of the disc cutter hub and the two are sealed and aligned by two front outer ring seal rings. The rear floating seal includes a rear floating seal pressure ring and a rear floating seal outer ring. The rear floating seal pressure ring is sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft base and the two are sealed by a rear pressure ring seal ring. The rear floating seal outer ring is located on the inside of the disc cutter hub and the two are sealed and aligned by two rear outer ring seal rings.

[0016] Optionally, the front floating sealing ring has multiple sets of grease holes equidistantly arranged on its front end face, and the grease holes are internally threaded to a plug of the front floating sealing ring. The front surface edge of the water spray plate base has multiple sets of connecting holes equidistantly arranged on its front surface, and the grease holes correspond one-to-one with the connecting holes. The connecting holes are internally threaded to a plug external screw.

[0017] Optionally, the rear end face of the rear floating sealing ring is provided with two sets of grease holes II, and the front surface of the cutter shaft fixing plate is provided with two sets of side holes facing rearward corresponding to the positions of the grease holes II. The side holes correspond one-to-one with the grease holes II and are interconnected. The rear floating sealing ring O-ring is sandwiched between the side holes and the grease holes II. The circumferential side wall of the cutter shaft fixing plate is provided with two sets of grease holes III. The two sets of grease holes III are respectively connected to the ends of the two sets of side holes. The internal threads of the grease holes III are connected to the cutter shaft oil passage plug.

[0018] Optionally, the front end face of the cutter shaft base is recessed to form a circular cavity. The rear side wall of the circular cavity has two sets of water outlet holes, and the circumferential side wall of the cutter shaft fixing plate also has two sets of water inlet holes. The cutter shaft base has two sets of internal water channels. The two sets of water outlet holes and the two sets of water inlet holes are respectively connected through the two sets of internal water channels. A circular ring seat is fixedly connected to the center of the rear surface of the spray plate base. The circular ring seat is inserted into the interior of the circular cavity. The interior of the circular ring seat is divided into two sets of independent water chambers. The two sets of water outlet holes are respectively connected to the two sets of water chambers. The interior of the spray plate base has multiple spray channels corresponding to the number of spray holes. Each set of spray holes is connected to the corresponding water chamber through the spray channel.

[0019] Optionally, a cleaning hole is provided through the front side of both sets of water chambers, and a water spray plate channel plug is threaded into the cleaning hole.

[0020] Optionally, the outer circumference of the disc cutter holder is provided with multiple sets of mounting holes at equal intervals. Each set of mounting holes includes a positioning hole and guide holes distributed on both sides thereon. The rear periphery of the disc cutter holder is provided with a slot communicating with each positioning hole. The rear periphery of the disc cutter holder is provided with an oil filling hole communicating with each guide hole. The disc edge block includes an edge block base, a set of positioning posts and two sets of guide posts. Multiple sets of particle heads are fixed at equal intervals on the upper surface of the edge block base. The positioning posts are fixedly connected to the middle position of the lower surface of the edge block base. The two sets of guide posts are respectively fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the lower surface of the edge block base. The positioning posts are movably inserted into the positioning holes and fixed by wedges. A wedge groove is horizontally opened through the middle position of the positioning post. The wedge passes through the slot and is inserted into the wedge groove. The wedge is fixed to the disc cutter holder by spot welding. The two sets of guide posts are movably inserted into the two sets of guide holes. The internal thread of the oil filling hole is connected to a disc cutter head plug.

[0021] All of the above-mentioned optional technical solutions can be combined arbitrarily, and the present invention will not provide a detailed description of the structure after each combination.

[0022] By means of the above solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. The disc cutter in this invention adopts a cantilever structure. The disc cutter is fixed to the disc cutter hub and can rotate freely with the hub, capable of withstanding high-frequency vibration loads from the oscillation mechanism. During oscillating undercutting, the elastic bearing spacer between the front and rear bearings adjusts the cutter's starting torque by regulating the bearing clearance, thus ensuring bearing load capacity. Furthermore, an end-face mechanical seal composed of a front floating seal and a rear floating seal forms a sealed chamber inside the disc cutter hub, effectively sealing the grease within the hub and significantly reducing the risk of grease leakage and seal failure, maintaining lubrication even under oscillating conditions.

[0024] 2. The disc edge block in this invention is detachable. When the disc edge block is worn, it can be partially replaced without replacing the whole disc, which reduces the frequency of replacing the whole disc cutter, lowers maintenance costs, and shortens downtime.

[0025] 3. The water spray plate base and multiple sets of nozzles connected to the front end of the cutter shaft base can continuously spray coolant onto the front end of the disc cutter during the rock breaking and cutting process, thereby achieving the effects of dust reduction and cooling the disc cutter.

[0026] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall appearance structure of the disc cutter for oscillating bottom cutting provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall appearance structure of the disc cutter for oscillating bottom cutting provided by the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 3 A top view of the disc cutter for oscillating bottom cutting provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a front view of the disc cutter for oscillating bottom cutting provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0032] Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of the disc cutter and disc cutter hub in this invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is an exploded structural diagram of the disc cutter hub and disc cutter shaft in this invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is an exploded structural diagram of the disc cutter shaft and water spray disc in this invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of the disc cutter shaft, front floating seal, front bearing, rear bearing and rear floating seal in this invention.

[0036] Figure 10 This is an exploded structural diagram of the disc cutter shaft and the elastic bearing spacer ring in this invention;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disc cutter shaft in this invention;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a right-side cross-sectional view of the disc blade hub in this invention;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a front view of the front floating seal in this invention and a cross-sectional view along the BB direction;

[0040] Figure 14 This is a right-side cross-sectional view of the elastic bearing spacer ring in this invention;

[0041] Figure 15 This is a rear view of the rear floating seal in this invention and a cross-sectional view along the CC direction.

[0042] Figure 16This is a schematic diagram of the water spray plate in this invention from one perspective;

[0043] Figure 17 This is a rear view of the water spray plate in this invention;

[0044] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the water spray plate in this invention from another perspective;

[0045] Figure 19 This is a cross-sectional view of the water spray plate in this invention;

[0046] Figure 20 This is an exploded view of the disc cutter in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0047] Figure 21 This is an exploded view of the disc cutter in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0048] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disc cutter holder in this invention;

[0049] Figure 23 This is a cross-sectional view of the disc cutter holder in this invention;

[0050] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disc edge block in this invention;

[0051] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the internal water channel distribution of the disc cutter shaft in this invention.

[0052] Numbered in the diagram: 1. Disc cutter shaft; 11. Cutter shaft base; 111. First shaft section; 1111. External thread; 1112. Groove one; 1113. Circular chamber; 1114. Water outlet; 112. Second shaft section; 113. Transition surface; 114. Shaft end lock nut; 115. Clamp; 12. Cutter shaft fixing plate; 121. Cutter shaft welding wire; 122. Grease hole three; 1221. Cutter shaft oil passage plug; 123. Side hole; 124. Water inlet; 125. Internal water channel; 2. Disc cutter hub; 21. Cutter hub 22. Oil passage; 3. Relief valve; 4. Front floating seal; 5. Front floating seal pressure ring; 6. Grease hole one; 7. Front pressure ring seal ring; 8. Front pressure ring floating seal ring; 9. Front pressure ring rubber ring; 10. Front floating seal outer ring; 11. Front outer ring seal ring; 12. Front pressure ring sealing ring; 13. Front outer ring floating seal ring; 14. Front outer ring rubber ring; 15. Front floating seal pressure ring plug; 16. Front bearing; 17. Elastic bearing spacer ring; 18. Rear bearing; 19. Rear floating seal; 20. Rear floating seal pressure ring; 10. Grease hole two; 10. Rear pressure ring seal 73. Rear pressure ring floating seal ring; 74. Rear pressure ring rubber ring; 75. Rear floating seal outer ring; 76. Rear outer ring seal ring; 77. Rear outer ring floating seal ring; 78. Rear outer ring rubber ring; 79. Rear floating seal pressure ring O-ring; 8. Spray plate; 81. Spray plate base; 811. Circular groove; 8111. Spray plate welding wire; 812. Spray hole; 813. Spray channel; 814. Connecting hole; 8141. Groove II; 82. Circular seat; 821. Water chamber; 822. Cleaning hole; 823. Spray plate water channel plug 83. Nozzle; 84. External screw for plug; 85. External screw welding block; 9. Disc cutter; 91. Disc cutter holder; 911. Mounting hole assembly; 9111. Positioning hole; 9112. Guide hole; 9113. Slot; 9114. Oil filling hole; 912. Welding wire for cutter holder; 92. Disc edge block; 921. Edge block base; 9211. Base hole; 9212. Groove three; 922. Particle head; 923. Positioning post; 9231. Wedge groove; 924. Guide post; 93. Wedge block; 94. Disc cutter head plug. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0054] Please see Figure 1-25This invention provides a disc cutter suitable for oscillating bottom cutting, comprising a disc cutter shaft 1 and a disc cutter hub 2. The disc cutter shaft 1 includes a cutter shaft base 11 and a cutter shaft fixing plate 12 coaxially arranged. The rear end of the cutter shaft base 11 is integrally formed with the cutter shaft fixing plate 12, and the cutter shaft fixing plate 12 is bolted to the rear end of the tunneling machine cantilever. To resist the high-frequency excitation load from the oscillation mechanism and prevent the bolts from loosening, the cutter shaft fixing plate 12 can be spot-welded to the bolts via a cutter shaft welding wire 121 on the outer periphery of the front surface of the cutter shaft fixing plate 12, thereby improving the overall machine operation stability.

[0055] The disc cutter hub 2 is fitted onto the outside of the cutter shaft base 11, forming a cavity between them. Inside this cavity, from front to back, are arranged a front floating seal 3, a front bearing 4, an elastic bearing spacer 5, a rear bearing 6, and a rear floating seal 7. Both the front bearing 4 and the rear bearing 6 are heavy-duty tapered roller bearings to withstand the cutting force generated during oscillating bottom cutting. Furthermore, the end-face mechanical seal formed by the front floating seal 3 and the rear floating seal 7 creates a sealed chamber inside the disc cutter hub 2, effectively sealing the grease within. This significantly reduces the risk of grease leakage and seal failure, maintaining continuous lubrication even under oscillating conditions. This ensures the long-term reliable operation of the front bearing 4 and the rear bearing 6 and prevents external contaminants from entering the disc cutter hub 2.

[0056] The front end of the cutter shaft base 11 is detachably connected to a water spray plate 8. The water spray plate 8 includes a water spray plate base 81, which is fixedly connected to the front end of the cutter shaft base 11 by bolts. The front surface of the water spray plate base 81 is also provided with a water spray plate welding wire 8111. The water spray plate base 81 is spot welded to the bolts using the water spray plate welding wire 8111 to prevent loosening under vibration conditions.

[0057] The front half of the circumferential sidewall of the water spray plate base 81 has multiple sets of water spray holes 812 equidistantly spaced in an annular pattern, and each set of water spray holes 812 has a nozzle 83 fixedly connected inside. The water spray plate base 81 and the multiple sets of nozzles 83 connected to the front end of the cutter shaft base 11 can continuously spray water onto the disc cutter 9 during rock breaking and cutting, thereby achieving the effects of dust suppression and cooling the disc cutter 9. The liquid in the water spray plate 8 can be water, coolant, or dust suppression agent, etc., depending on the actual working conditions.

[0058] The front end of the disc cutter hub 2 is detachably connected to a disc cutter 9. The disc cutter 9 includes a disc cutter holder 91, which is fixedly connected to the front end of the disc cutter hub 2 by bolts. The front surface of the disc cutter holder 91 is also provided with a cutter holder welding wire 912. The disc cutter holder 91 is spot welded to the bolts using the cutter holder welding wire 912, which effectively prevents the connection from loosening under vibration.

[0059] The disc cutter holder 91 surrounds the rear half of the water spray plate base 81, with a radial gap between them. When the nozzle 83 on the outside of the water spray plate base 81 sprays water, the water flow path can conform to the rock breaking direction, so that the water flow can directly act on the front of the disc cutter 9 and the working area, achieving efficient dust reduction and cooling.

[0060] The outer circumferential of the disc cutter holder 91 is detachably connected to multiple disc edge blocks 92 at equal intervals. The disc edge blocks 92 and the disc cutter holder 91 are interference-fitted together and locked together by wedges 93. This structure allows for partial replacement of the disc edge blocks 92 after wear, reducing the frequency of overall disc cutter replacement, lowering maintenance costs, and shortening downtime. Furthermore, the interference-fitted connection between the disc edge blocks 92 and the disc cutter holder 91 ensures assembly rigidity and initial positioning accuracy, and is secured by wedges 93. This combined connection effectively resists severe cutting vibration and impact, preventing the disc edge blocks 92 from loosening.

[0061] In summary, the disc cutter of this invention adopts a cantilever structure. The disc cutter 9 is fixed on the disc cutter hub 2 and can rotate freely with the disc cutter hub 2. Specifically, the disc cutter hub 2 and the cutter shaft base 11 achieve relative rotation through the front bearing 4 and the rear bearing 6. During oscillating undercutting, the excitation force is transmitted to the rock along the cutter shaft base 11 - front bearing 4 and rear bearing 6 - disc cutter hub 2 - disc cutter 9. The cutting force is borne by two rows of heavy-duty tapered roller bearings located on the cutter shaft base 11. The elastic bearing spacer 5 between the front bearing 4 and the rear bearing 6 adjusts the cutter starting torque by adjusting the bearing clearance, thereby ensuring the bearing load capacity and ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the dual bearing system.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the cutter shaft base 11 adopts a stepped shaft structure, and includes a first shaft section 111 at the front end and a second shaft section 112 at the rear end. The first shaft section 111 and the second shaft section 112 are connected by a transition surface 113. The front floating seal 3 and the front bearing 4 are sleeved on the outside of the first shaft section 111, the elastic bearing spacer 5 is sleeved on the outside of the transition surface 113, and the rear bearing 6 and the rear floating seal 7 are sleeved on the outside of the second shaft section 112. The purpose of setting the transition surface 113 is to provide a precise axial mounting reference for the parts to be installed on the cutter shaft base 11, preventing the parts from moving under the action of axial force. The front end of the cutter shaft base 11 is threaded with a shaft end locking nut 114, which is fixed to the front end of the cutter shaft base 11 by a welded locking block 115. The cutter shaft fixing plate 12 is connected to the rear end of the tunneling machine cantilever by bolts. By adjusting the locking nut 114 at the shaft end, the clearance of the front bearing 4 and the rear bearing 6 can be precisely controlled, thereby adjusting the starting torque and running resistance of the disc cutter.

[0063] Specifically, the outer front end of the cutter shaft base 11 is provided with an external thread 1111 that mates with the shaft end locking nut 114. The upper end of the front face of the cutter shaft base 11 is provided with a groove 1112 for accommodating the locking block 115. After the shaft end locking nut 114 is threaded onto the front end of the cutter shaft base 11, the locking block 115 is placed in the groove 1112, and then the front end of the shaft end locking nut 114 is welded and fixed to the cutter shaft base 11 using the locking block 115. By welding the locking block 115, it is ensured that the shaft end locking nut 114 and the cutter shaft base 11 always remain relatively stationary, thus adapting to heavy-load and high-vibration working conditions.

[0064] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 12 As shown, two sets of tool hub oil passages 21 are symmetrically opened on the side wall of the disc tool hub 2, and overflow valves 22 are detachably connected inside the two sets of tool hub oil passages 21.

[0065] Specifically, the relief valve 22 is set to a pressure of approximately 1 bar and is installed in the oil passage 21 of the cutter hub using a threaded connection. During the disc cutter's rolling rock-breaking operation, the front bearing 4 and rear bearing 6 experience a temperature rise due to stress, causing the grease inside the cavity to melt, expand in volume, and increase in pressure. To prevent seal failure due to excessive internal pressure, the relief valve 22 automatically opens when the pressure exceeds the set value, discharging excess grease and thus maintaining stable internal pressure and protecting the sealing system. Furthermore, when it is necessary to inject grease into the cavity of the disc cutter shaft 1 and the disc cutter hub 2, either relief valve 22 can be removed, and grease can then be injected into the cavity through the oil passage 21 of the cutter hub.

[0066] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the front bearing 4 and the rear bearing 6 are installed back to back, and the elastic bearing spacer 5 is sandwiched between the front bearing 4 and the rear bearing 6. The inner and outer rings of the front bearing 4 are respectively interference-fitted with the cutter shaft base 11 and the disc cutter hub 2, and the inner and outer rings of the rear bearing 6 are respectively interference-fitted with the cutter shaft base 11 and the disc cutter hub 2.

[0067] Specifically, by installing the front bearing 4 and rear bearing 6, which have multiple sets of heavy-duty conical rollers, back to back, and introducing an elastic bearing spacer 5 to adjust the bearing clearance to ensure the bearing load capacity, the ability of the disc cutter to adapt to oscillation impact is significantly improved, and the service life of the bearing and the whole machine is effectively extended.

[0068] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , Figure 13 and Figure 15As shown, the front floating seal 3 includes a front floating seal pressure ring 31 and a front floating seal outer ring 35. The front floating seal pressure ring 31 is sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft base 11 and the two are sealed by a front pressure ring seal ring 32. The front floating seal outer ring 35 is located on the inside of the disc cutter hub 2 and the two are sealed and aligned by two front outer ring seal rings 36. The rear floating seal 7 includes a rear floating seal pressure ring 71 and a rear floating seal outer ring 75. The rear floating seal pressure ring 71 is sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft base 11 and the two are sealed by a rear pressure ring seal ring 72. The rear floating seal outer ring 75 is located on the inside of the disc cutter hub 2 and the two are sealed and aligned by two rear outer ring seal rings 76.

[0069] Specifically, the front floating seal 3 also includes a front pressure ring floating seal ring 33, a front pressure ring rubber ring 34, a front outer ring floating seal ring 37, and a front outer ring rubber ring 38. The front pressure ring floating seal ring 33 is located inside the front floating seal pressure ring 31. The front pressure ring rubber ring 34 is sandwiched in the cavity between the front pressure ring floating seal ring 33 and the front floating seal pressure ring 31. The front outer ring floating seal ring 37 is located inside the front floating seal outer ring 35. The front outer ring rubber ring 38 is sandwiched in the cavity between the front outer ring floating seal ring 37 and the front floating seal outer ring 35. The rear floating seal 7 also includes a rear pressure ring floating seal ring 73, a rear pressure ring rubber ring 74, a rear outer ring floating seal ring 77, and a rear outer ring rubber ring 78. The rear pressure ring floating seal ring 73 is located inside the rear floating seal pressure ring 71. The rear pressure ring rubber ring 74 is sandwiched in the cavity between the rear pressure ring floating seal ring 73 and the rear floating seal pressure ring 71. The rear outer ring floating seal ring 77 is located inside the rear floating seal outer ring 75. The rear outer ring rubber ring 78 is sandwiched between the rear outer ring floating seal ring 77 and the rear floating seal outer ring 75.

[0070] Specifically, when the disc cutter hub 2 drives the disc cutter 9 to rotate, the disc cutter hub 2 will drive the front floating seal outer ring 35 (and the rear floating seal outer ring 75) to rotate synchronously. At this time, the front floating seal outer ring 35 (and the rear floating seal outer ring 75) will rotate relative to the stationary front floating seal pressure ring 31 (and the rear floating seal pressure ring 71). During the rotation, the end faces of the front pressure ring floating seal ring 33 and the front outer ring floating seal ring 37 (and the end faces of the rear pressure ring floating seal ring 73 and the rear outer ring floating seal ring 77) are tightly fitted under the preload of the front pressure ring rubber ring 34 and the front outer ring rubber ring 38 (and the rear pressure ring rubber ring 74 and the rear outer ring rubber ring 78), forming a pair of main dynamic sealing pairs. Under the action of the end face pressure oil film, this pair of friction pairs can effectively prevent the leakage of internal lubricating grease and achieve reliable dynamic sealing. (It should be noted that the specific structure of the floating seal here can be found in [reference needed]). Figure 13 and Figure 15 The detailed principle of floating seals is standard existing technology in this field and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0071] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , Figure 13 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the front floating sealing ring 31 has multiple sets of grease holes 311 equidistantly arranged in an annular pattern on its front end face. The front floating sealing ring plug 39 is connected to the internal thread of the grease hole 311. The front surface edge of the spray plate base 81 has multiple sets of connecting holes 814 equidistantly arranged in an annular pattern, and the grease hole 311 corresponds one-to-one with the connecting hole 814. The plug external screw 84 is connected to the internal thread of the connecting hole 814. Two sets of grooves 8141 can also be symmetrically arranged on the outer edge of the connecting hole 814. After the plug external screw 84 is tightened, the external screw welding block 85 is then inserted into the groove 8141 and spot welded to prevent the plug external screw 84 from loosening. The rear floating sealing ring 71 has two sets of grease holes 711 on its rear end face. The front surface of the cutter shaft fixing plate 12 has two sets of side holes 123 corresponding to the positions of the grease holes 711 and connected to each other. The rear floating sealing ring O-ring 79 is sandwiched between the side holes 123 and the grease holes 711. The circumferential side wall of the cutter shaft fixing plate 12 has two sets of grease holes 122. The two sets of grease holes 122 are connected to the ends of the two sets of side holes 123 respectively. The internal threads of the grease holes 122 are connected to the cutter shaft oil passage plug 1221.

[0072] Specifically, when injecting grease into the oil passage 21 in the middle of the disc-shaped tool hub 2, first remove the external screw 84 of the plug from the connecting hole 814, and then remove the front floating seal pressure ring plug 39 from the grease hole 311. At this time, the grease hole 311 and the connecting hole 814 are in a connected and open state. Next, remove the tool shaft oil passage plug 1221 from the grease hole 122. At this time, the grease hole 122 is in an open state. After the preparation work is completed, start injecting grease into the tool hub oil passage 21. If grease starts to come out from the oil port of the front floating seal pressure ring 31 (from the grease hole 311 to the connecting hole 814), it means that the front oil chamber and the gap are full of grease. At this time, tighten the front floating seal pressure ring plug 39. If oil starts flowing from the oil port (grease hole 2 711 - side hole 123 - grease hole 3 122) at the rear end of the cutter shaft base 11, it indicates that the rear oil chamber and gap are full of oil. At this time, tighten the cutter shaft oil passage plug 1221. After tightening all the plugs, the oil filling is complete. Then, screw the external screw 84 of the plug back into the connecting hole 814.

[0073] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 , Figures 16 to 19 and Figure 25As shown, the front end face of the cutter shaft base 11 is recessed to form a circular cavity 1113. Two sets of water outlet holes 1114 are provided on the rear side wall of the circular cavity 1113. Two sets of water inlet holes 124 are also provided on the circumferential side wall of the cutter shaft fixing plate 12. Two sets of internal water channels 125 are provided inside the cutter shaft base 11. The two sets of water outlet holes 1114 and the two sets of water inlet holes 124 are connected through the two sets of internal water channels 125. The center of the rear surface of the spray plate base 81 is located at... A ring seat 82 is fixedly connected and inserted into the circular chamber 1113. The interior of the ring seat 82 is divided into two independent water chambers 821. The two sets of water outlets 1114 are respectively connected to the two sets of water chambers 821. The interior of the spray plate base 81 is provided with multiple spray channels 813 corresponding to the number of spray holes 812. Each set of spray holes 812 is connected to the corresponding water chamber 821 through the spray channel 813.

[0074] Specifically, the rear surface of the spray plate base 81 is provided with a circular groove 811 that is engaged with the front end of the cutter shaft base 11. When the spray plate base 81 is fixed, the circular groove 811 on the rear surface of the spray plate base 81 can be aligned and positioned with the front end of the cutter shaft base 11. During this process, the annular seat 82 is inserted into the circular chamber 1113. At this time, the two sets of water outlet holes 1114 of the circular chamber 1113 are located in the two sets of water chambers 821 respectively.

[0075] Specifically, water enters through two sets of inlet holes 124, passes through the internal water channels 125 of the cutter shaft base 11, and then flows into the two sets of water chambers 821 through two sets of outlet holes 1114. It then passes through multiple spray channels 813 and is finally sprayed out from the nozzle 83. The use of two independent water paths allows for the connection of different media (such as water and dust-suppressing agents) to the two sets of inlet holes 124 during practical applications. This not only effectively cools the rotating disc cutter 9 but also achieves efficient dust suppression.

[0076] Furthermore, such as Figures 16-18 As shown, both sets of water chambers 821 have cleaning holes 822 through them on the front side. The cleaning holes 822 are threadedly connected to the water channel plugs 823 of the spray plate. If necessary, the water channel plugs 823 of the spray plate can be removed to inspect and unclog the water chambers 821.

[0077] Furthermore, such as Figures 20-24As shown, the outer circumference of the disc cutter holder 91 is provided with multiple sets of mounting holes 911 at equal intervals. Each set of mounting holes 911 includes a positioning hole 9111 and guide holes 9112 distributed on both sides thereon. The rear periphery of the disc cutter holder 91 is provided with a slot 9113 corresponding to each positioning hole 9111 and communicating with it. The rear periphery of the disc cutter holder 91 is provided with an oil filling hole 9114 corresponding to each guide hole 9112 and communicating with it. The disc edge block 92 includes an edge block base 921, a set of positioning posts 923 and two sets of guide posts 924. Multiple sets of particle heads 922 are fixed at equal intervals on the upper surface of the edge block base 921. The positioning posts 923 The two sets of guide posts 924 are fixedly connected to the middle of the lower surface of the side block base 921. The two sets of guide posts 924 are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the lower surface of the side block base 921 respectively. The positioning post 923 is movably inserted into the positioning hole 9111 and fixed by the wedge block 93. The positioning post 923 has a horizontal through-hole 9231 in the middle. The wedge block 93 passes through the slot 9113 and is inserted into the wedge groove 9231. The wedge block 93 is fixed to the disc cutter holder 91 by spot welding. The two sets of guide posts 924 are movably inserted into the two sets of guide holes 9112 respectively. The internal thread of the oil injection hole 9114 is connected to the disc cutter head plug 94.

[0078] Specifically, the particle head 922 is a wear-resistant alloy particle. Multiple sets of base holes 9211 for mounting the particle head 922 are formed on the upper surface of the side block base 921. The particle head 922 is interference-fitted with the base holes 9211, and further secured by welding after installation. Grooves 9212 are formed on both the front and rear sides of the lower surface of the side block base 921. When disassembling the side block base 921, the grooves 9212 provide a fulcrum for the disassembly tools.

[0079] Specifically, when it is necessary to disassemble and replace the disc edge block 92, first remove the wedge block 93 from the slot 9113. At this time, the positioning pin 923 and the positioning hole 9111 are no longer relatively fixed. Then remove the disc cutter head plug 94, and then inject high-pressure oil into the oil injection hole 9114, thereby pushing the positioning pin 923 and the guide pin 924 out of the positioning hole 9111 and the guide hole 9112.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A disc cutter suitable for oscillating bottom cutting, characterized in that: The device includes a disc cutter shaft (1) and a disc cutter hub (2). The disc cutter shaft (1) includes a cutter shaft base (11) and a cutter shaft fixing plate (12) arranged coaxially. The rear end of the cutter shaft base (11) is integrally formed with the cutter shaft fixing plate (12). The cutter shaft fixing plate (12) is bolted to the rear end of the tunneling machine cantilever. The disc cutter hub (2) is sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft base (11) and a cavity is formed between them. The cavity is provided with a front floating seal (3), a front bearing (4), an elastic bearing spacer (5), a rear bearing (6), and a rear floating seal (7) in sequence from front to back. The front end of the cutter shaft base (11) is detachably connected to a water spray plate (8), and the front end of the disc cutter hub (2) is detachably connected to a disc cutter (9). The water spray plate (8) includes a water spray plate base (81), which is fixedly connected to the front end of the cutter shaft base (11) by bolts. The front half of the circumferential sidewall of the water spray plate base (81) is provided with multiple sets of water spray holes (812) at equal intervals. Each set of water spray holes (812) is fixedly connected to a nozzle (83). The disc cutter (9) includes a disc cutter seat (91), which is fixedly connected to the front end of the disc cutter hub (2) by bolts. The disc cutter seat (91) surrounds the rear half of the water spray plate base (81) and a radial gap is formed between them. Multiple disc edge blocks (92) are detachably connected to the outer circumferential of the disc cutter seat (91). The disc edge blocks (92) and the disc cutter seat (91) are movably inserted and locked together by wedges (93). The disc cutter holder (91) has multiple sets of mounting holes (911) evenly spaced on its outer circumference. Each set of mounting holes (911) includes a positioning hole (9111) and guide holes (9112) distributed on both sides thereon. The disc cutter holder (91) has a slot (9113) corresponding to each positioning hole (9111) on its rear outer periphery, and an oil filling hole (9114) corresponding to each guide hole (9112) on its rear outer periphery. The disc edge block (92) includes an edge block base (921), a set of positioning posts (923) and two sets of guide posts (924). Multiple sets of particle heads (922) are evenly fixed on the upper surface of the edge block base (921). The positioning posts (923) The guide posts (924) are fixedly connected to the middle position of the lower surface of the side block base (921). The two sets of guide posts (924) are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the lower surface of the side block base (921). The positioning post (923) is movably inserted into the positioning hole (9111) and fixed by the wedge (93). The positioning post (923) has a horizontal through-hole (9231) in the middle position. The wedge (93) passes through the slot (9113) and is inserted into the wedge (9231). The wedge (93) is fixed to the disc cutter holder (91) by spot welding. The two sets of guide posts (924) are movably inserted into the two sets of guide holes (9112). The oil injection hole (9114) is internally threaded with a disc cutter head plug (94).

2. A disc cutter suitable for oscillating bottom cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter shaft base (11) adopts a stepped shaft structure, and the cutter shaft base (11) includes a first shaft section (111) at the front end and a second shaft section (112) at the rear end. The first shaft section (111) and the second shaft section (112) are connected by a transition surface (113). The front floating seal (3) and the front bearing (4) are sleeved on the outside of the first shaft section (111). The elastic bearing spacer (5) is sleeved on the outside of the transition surface (113). The rear bearing (6) and the rear floating seal (7) are sleeved on the outside of the second shaft section (112). The front end of the cutter shaft base (11) is threaded with a shaft end locking nut (114). The shaft end locking nut (114) and the front end of the cutter shaft base (11) are fixed to prevent loosening by a welded clamp (115). The cutter shaft fixing plate (12) is connected to the tunneling machine cantilever at the rear end by bolts.

3. A disc cutter suitable for oscillating bottom cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disc cutter hub (2) has two sets of cutter hub oil passages (21) symmetrically opened on the side wall, and the interior of each set of cutter hub oil passages (21) is detachably connected with an overflow valve (22).

4. A disc cutter suitable for oscillating bottom cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front bearing (4) and the rear bearing (6) are installed back to back, and the elastic bearing spacer (5) is sandwiched between the front bearing (4) and the rear bearing (6). The inner and outer rings of the front bearing (4) are fixedly connected to the cutter shaft base (11) and the disc cutter hub (2) respectively. The inner and outer rings of the rear bearing (6) are fixedly connected to the cutter shaft base (11) and the disc cutter hub (2) respectively.

5. A disc cutter suitable for oscillating bottom cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front floating seal (3) includes a front floating seal pressure ring (31) and a front floating seal outer ring (35). The front floating seal pressure ring (31) is sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft base (11) and the two are sealed by a front pressure ring seal ring (32). The front floating seal outer ring (35) is located on the inside of the disc cutter hub (2) and the two are sealed and aligned by two front outer ring seal rings (36). The rear floating seal (7) includes a rear floating seal pressure ring (71) and a rear floating seal outer ring (75). The rear floating seal pressure ring (71) is sleeved on the outside of the cutter shaft base (11) and the two are sealed by a rear pressure ring seal ring (72). The rear floating seal outer ring (75) is located on the inside of the disc cutter hub (2) and the two are sealed and aligned by two rear outer ring seal rings (76).

6. A disc cutter suitable for oscillating bottom cutting according to claim 5, characterized in that, The front floating sealing ring (31) has multiple sets of grease holes (311) circumferentially spaced on its front end face. The grease holes (311) are internally threaded with a front floating sealing ring plug (39). The front surface edge of the spray plate base (81) has multiple sets of connecting holes (814) circumferentially spaced, and the grease holes (311) and connecting holes (814) correspond one-to-one. The connecting holes (814) are internally threaded with plug external screws (84).

7. A disc cutter suitable for oscillating bottom cutting according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rear floating sealing ring (71) has two sets of grease holes (711) on its rear end face. The front surface of the cutter shaft fixing plate (12) has two sets of side holes (123) facing rearward, corresponding to the positions of the grease holes (711). The side holes (123) correspond one-to-one with the grease holes (711) and are connected to each other. The rear floating sealing ring O-ring (79) is sandwiched between the side holes (123) and the grease holes (711). The circumferential side wall of the cutter shaft fixing plate (12) has two sets of grease holes (122). The two sets of grease holes (122) are connected to the ends of the two sets of side holes (123) respectively. The internal threads of the grease holes (122) are connected to the cutter shaft oil passage plug (1221).

8. A disc cutter suitable for oscillating bottom cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end face of the cutter shaft base (11) is recessed to form a circular cavity (1113). The rear side wall of the circular cavity (1113) is provided with two sets of water outlet holes (1114). The circumferential side wall of the cutter shaft fixing plate (12) is also provided with two sets of water inlet holes (124). The cutter shaft base (11) is provided with two sets of internal water channels (125). The two sets of water outlet holes (1114) and the two sets of water inlet holes (124) are respectively connected through the two sets of internal water channels (125). The center position of the rear surface of the spray plate base (81) is fixed. A circular seat (82) is connected to the inside of a circular chamber (1113). The inside of the circular seat (82) is divided into two independent water chambers (821). The two sets of water outlets (1114) are respectively connected to the two sets of water chambers (821). The inside of the spray plate base (81) is provided with multiple spray channels (813) corresponding to the number of spray holes (812). Each set of spray holes (812) is connected to the corresponding water chamber (821) through the spray channel (813) connected to it.

9. A disc cutter suitable for oscillating bottom cutting according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both sets of water chambers (821) have a cleaning hole (822) through the front side, and the cleaning hole (822) is threaded with a water spray plate channel plug (823).

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