A vacuum induction melting apparatus and refining method for terbium metal refining

Abstract

This invention discloses a vacuum induction melting apparatus and refining method for terbium metal refining, relating to the field of metal refining technology. It aims to solve the technical problem of low separation efficiency during the separation of terbium metal from calcium fluoride slag in the terbium metal refining process, which affects the purity and production efficiency of terbium metal refining. The apparatus includes a vacuum furnace body, inside which are arranged a tilting crucible and a dynamic separation component. The dynamic separation component includes a separation drum and multiple oscillating filter plates. The multiple oscillating filter plates are movably arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of the separation drum. Multiple perforated filter layers are arranged on the side wall of the separation drum. The oscillating filter plates can be held at an inclined angle to the side of the perforated filter layers, and can also merge with the perforated filter layers. This invention has the advantage of achieving rapid separation of terbium metal and calcium fluoride slag.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal refining technology, and more specifically, to a vacuum induction melting apparatus and refining method for terbium metal refining. Background Technology

[0002] When refining terbium metal using vacuum induction melting equipment, the pre-treated high-purity terbium metal raw material is first placed in the crucible of the vacuum induction melting furnace. Utilizing the principle of medium-frequency induction heating, the induction coils surrounding the terbium metal are induced to receive a current through electromagnetic induction. The changing current generates an induced magnetic field, causing an induced current to be generated inside the terbium metal, which in turn generates a large amount of heat. When the heat reaches the melting point of the terbium metal, it melts. At the same time, in a high vacuum environment, gaseous impurities in the terbium metal and some impurity elements with a vapor pressure higher than that of the terbium metal are more easily volatilized and removed, thereby achieving the purpose of refining.

[0003] In the terbium smelting process, slagging agents are often added to the furnace to better remove certain impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus, or to adjust the physicochemical properties of the melt, such as reducing surface tension and improving fluidity. Calcium fluoride is one such commonly used slagging agent. At high temperatures, calcium fluoride reacts chemically with impurity elements in the metal or combines with metal oxides to form compounds insoluble in the terbium melt. These compounds aggregate to form calcium fluoride slag. The separation of the reaction products, terbium and calcium fluoride slag, mainly depends on the difference in their densities, and is usually achieved through gravity settling or static filtration. Gravity settling takes a long time, and its separation efficiency is easily affected by various factors, resulting in low efficiency. Static filtration, on the other hand, is prone to filter clogging due to the accumulation of calcium fluoride slag on the filter screen, increasing maintenance costs and making efficient and thorough separation difficult, thus affecting the refining purity and production efficiency of the terbium. To overcome these challenges, it is necessary to innovate and improve the vacuum induction melting equipment to achieve rapid and efficient separation of terbium and calcium fluoride. Therefore, we propose a vacuum induction melting equipment and refining method for terbium refining. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vacuum induction melting equipment and refining method for terbium metal refining, so as to solve the technical problem of low separation efficiency when separating terbium metal from calcium fluoride slag during the terbium metal refining process, which affects the purity and production efficiency of terbium metal refining.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a vacuum induction melting device for refining terbium metal, comprising a vacuum furnace body, wherein a tilting crucible and a dynamic separation component are arranged inside the vacuum furnace body; the dynamic separation component includes a separation drum and multiple swing filter plates, wherein the multiple swing filter plates are movably arranged in a ring array on the outer wall of the separation drum; the side wall of the separation drum is provided with multiple perforated filter layers, and the separation drum can rotate to achieve the separation of liquid terbium and calcium fluoride slag by using centrifugal force, so that the liquid terbium is thrown out through the perforated filter layers; the swing filter plates can be held at an inclined angle to the side of the perforated filter layers to buffer and guide the liquid terbium filtered out by the perforated filter layers; the swing filter plates can also form a merged state with the perforated filter layers. During the merging process, the swing filter plates can clear the blockages in the filter holes of the perforated filter layers. After merging, the swing filter plates can reduce the pore size of the perforated filter layers for subsequent fine separation operations.

[0006] Preferably, the dynamic separation assembly further includes a cylindrical body and a base, the cylindrical body being arranged on top of the base, and the separation rotating cylinder being movably arranged within the inner cavity of the cylindrical body; the inner cavity of the cylindrical body is provided with an adjustment chamber, a flow guiding chamber, and a rotating groove; wherein, the adjustment chamber is provided with multiple guide columns, and a lifting cylinder is movably arranged on the guide columns; the inner sidewall of the flow guiding chamber is arranged with a spherical arc surface, the bottom of the flow guiding chamber is provided with a conical protrusion, and an inclined arc groove is arranged on the side of the conical protrusion; the outer sidewall of the cylindrical body is connected to a discharge pipe, and the lower end of the inclined arc groove is connected to the inner cavity of the discharge pipe; the rotating groove is a groove structure with a circular path, and two symmetrically distributed circular wheel rails are arranged within the rotating groove.

[0007] Preferably, a hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the base, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the bottom of the lifting cylinder; a motor is installed inside the lifting cylinder, and a rotating rod is connected to the output end of the motor. The rotating rod moves through the top of the lifting cylinder and is connected to the bottom of the separating rotating cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the inner cavity of the separating drum is provided with a primary screening anti-overflow cylinder, and the side wall of the inner cavity of the separating drum is provided with multiple slots; the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder is a cylindrical structure, and the outer side wall of the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder is connected with multiple insert plates, which are inserted and matched with the slots; the bottom of the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder is connected to a filter cylinder that communicates with its inner cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the separating drum is provided with multiple sliding grooves, the bottom of the sliding grooves are connected to a movable groove, the opening of the movable groove is connected to an arc-shaped baffle, and the inner sidewall of the movable groove is connected to a slide rail.

[0010] Preferably, the oscillating filter plate includes multiple sliding plates movably arranged within the swivel groove. A rotating ring plate is connected to the top of each sliding plate, and the inner sidewall of the rotating ring plate has multiple slot structures identical in shape to the slot. Multiple pulleys are arranged in a circular array at the top of the rotating ring plate, and multiple pulley structures symmetrical to the pulleys at the bottom of the rotating ring plate are arranged thereon. The rotating ring plate is arranged within the rotating groove, and it slides in conjunction with the circular wheel rail via the pulleys.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the slide plate is connected to a movable block, and the side wall of the movable block is provided with a sliding groove. The movable block slides and engages with the slide rail in the movable groove through the sliding groove. The side wall of the movable block is provided with a toothed opening and a stop tooth. The stop tooth is arranged above the toothed opening and forms an active area between the stop tooth and the toothed opening. The stop tooth is a long strip-shaped plate structure. A rotating column is rotatably arranged on the inner side wall of the active groove. The side wall of the rotating column is connected to a swing plate through a curved plate. The swing plate is an arc-shaped plate structure. Multiple filter columns are connected to the side wall of the swing plate. The central axes of the multiple filter columns are parallel to each other. The side wall of the filter column is provided with a hole penetrating the swing plate. The circumferential side wall of the rotating column is provided with a second toothed opening and a movable tooth. The distance between the movable tooth and the second toothed opening is equal to the tooth pitch of the second toothed opening itself. The second toothed opening and the first toothed opening can form an engaging state and a disengaging state.

[0012] Preferably, a guide plate is also arranged on the side of the swing plate, the curvature of the guide plate is the same as the curvature of the side wall of the swing plate, and the side wall of the guide plate has multiple sliding holes, in which the filter column is movably arranged; a top rod is connected to each of the four corners of the side wall of the guide plate, a limit block is connected to the outer circumference of the top rod, and a spring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the top rod; a top hole is opened at each of the four corners of the side wall of the swing plate, and a top cylinder is also connected to each of the four corners of the side wall of the swing plate, the top hole communicates with the inner cavity of the top cylinder, the top rod movably passes through the top hole and extends into the inner cavity of the top cylinder, the limit block is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the top cylinder, and the spring is arranged between the limit block and the side wall of the inner cavity of the top cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the outer circumferential wall of the separating drum is further provided with a plurality of scraping assemblies. Each scraping assembly includes a fixed block connected to the outer circumferential wall of the separating drum. An adjusting block is rotatably connected to the upper end of the side wall of the fixed block. An inclined scraper is connected to the side wall of the adjusting block. The inclined scraper is an arc-shaped strip structure with an inclined angle. The inclined scraper is in contact with the spherical arc side wall of the guide chamber. The adjusting block and the fixed block are connected by a plurality of springs.

[0014] A refining method for terbium metal refining using a vacuum induction melting apparatus includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. Preliminary separation operation: The molten terbium is poured into the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder inside the separation drum through a tilting crucible. The liquid terbium enters the filter cylinder through the inner cavity of the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder. The filter cylinder screens out large pieces of calcium fluoride slag, and the liquid terbium enters the inner cavity of the separation drum through the filter holes of the filter cylinder.

[0016] S2. Rapid separation operation: The motor drives the separation drum to rotate. As the drum rotates, the rotating plate rotates within the rotating groove to maintain stable rotation. The rotation of the drum generates centrifugal force. The high-density liquid terbium experiences greater centrifugal force, while the low-density calcium fluoride slag experiences insufficient centrifugal force. This causes the high-density liquid terbium and the low-density calcium fluoride slag to separate into layers. Specifically, the liquid terbium accumulates towards the side wall of the inner cavity of the separation drum, while the calcium fluoride slag accumulates towards the center. The liquid terbium, which experiences greater centrifugal force, can overcome the resistance of the perforated filter layer on the side wall of the separation drum and pass through the filter holes to be discharged. The calcium fluoride slag is blocked by the perforated filter layer, thus achieving rapid separation.

[0017] S3. Buffer Splash Operation: Most of the liquid terbium ejected from the perforated filter layer impacts the sidewall of the guide plate. The impact force of the liquid terbium on the guide plate drives the rotating column to rotate. The moving teeth of the rotating column rotate downwards in the moving area of ​​the moving block, causing the moving teeth to separate from the stop teeth. After separation, the gravity of the swing plate drives the rotating column to rotate in the opposite direction again, causing the moving teeth to rotate upwards in the moving area until they stop moving due to the limit of the stop teeth. The reciprocating rotation of the moving teeth in the moving area causes the swing plate to swing, further... The impact force of liquid terbium on the guide plate causes the oscillating plate to move. The movement of the oscillating plate has a force-dissipating effect on the impact force. The liquid terbium flows through the guide plate into the inclined arc groove below and is discharged through the discharge pipe at the lower end of the inclined arc groove. A small portion of the liquid terbium thrown out from the circular filter layer will impact the spherical arc surface of the guide chamber. The shape of the spherical arc surface extends the flight distance of the liquid terbium and consumes the force of the liquid terbium impacting the spherical arc surface, so that the liquid terbium falls slowly on the spherical arc surface. Through the arc structure of the spherical arc surface, it flows into the inclined arc groove below and is then discharged through the discharge pipe.

[0018] S4. The subsequent fine separation operation, following the rapid separation operation in S2, quickly separates a large amount of liquid terbium, reducing retention. After a large amount of liquid terbium is separated, the remaining liquid terbium in the separation drum has a high calcium fluoride slag content. Under the centrifugal force of the rotating separation drum, the calcium fluoride slag gradually moves towards the perforated filter layer. At this point, the hydraulic cylinder operates, driving the lifting drum downwards, thus causing the separation drum to move downwards. During the downward movement of the separation drum, the rotating plate is constrained by the rotating groove. This keeps the rotating plate fixed in the vertical direction, while the rotating column moves downward with the separating drum. During the downward movement of the rotating column, the second tooth contact and mesh with the first tooth, causing the rotating column to rotate. The rotating column drives the swing plate to rotate towards the circular hole filter layer until the filter column on the side wall of the swing plate inserts into the filter hole of the circular hole filter layer, squeezing out the blockage in the filter hole of the circular hole filter layer. The pores of the filter column replace the filter holes of the circular hole filter layer, thereby reducing the pore size of the filter hole of the circular hole filter layer, trapping the remaining fine calcium fluoride slag particles, and improving the separation accuracy.

[0019] S5. Disassembly and cleaning operation: After separation is completed, remove the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder with tools, clean it, and clean the inside of the separation drum.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. This invention utilizes a rotating separation drum to separate liquid terbium from calcium fluoride slag using centrifugal force generated by the drum's rotation. Since metallic terbium has a density of approximately 9.32 g / cm³ and calcium fluoride has a density of approximately 3.18 g / cm³, under centrifugal force, the higher-density liquid terbium experiences greater centrifugal force, converging towards the inner wall of the rotating drum and overcoming the resistance of the perforated filter layer to penetrate and discharge. Meanwhile, the lower-density calcium fluoride slag lacks sufficient centrifugal force to penetrate the high-density liquid terbium and enter the vicinity of the perforated filter layer. Even if some calcium fluoride slag does enter the vicinity of the perforated filter layer, it is blocked by the perforated filter layer. This achieves rapid separation of metallic terbium and calcium fluoride slag using the centrifugal force of the rotating separation drum, overcoming the limitations of low efficiency in traditional gravity settling or static filtration separation.

[0022] 2. This invention also designs a swing filter plate that can be held at an inclined angle to the side of the circular pore filter layer to buffer and guide the liquid terbium filtered out by the circular pore filter layer. The swing filter plate can also merge with the circular pore filter layer. During the merging process, the swing filter plate can clear the blockage in the filter pores of the circular pore filter layer. After merging, the swing filter plate can reduce the pore size of the filter pores of the circular pore filter layer for subsequent fine separation operations, thus solving the problem of incomplete separation caused by fixed pore size in traditional filtration.

[0023] 3. By designing a guide plate, this invention ensures that most of the liquid terbium ejected from the perforated filter layer impacts the side wall of the guide plate. The impact force of the liquid terbium on the guide plate drives the guide plate to first compress the spring to release the force, and then drive the swing plate to swing together, thus releasing the impact force. Through the staged force release mechanism of buffering and swinging, the impact and splashing of liquid terbium are minimized, avoiding the problem of liquid terbium splashing everywhere in the guide chamber and being difficult to collect, resulting in slow collection efficiency.

[0024] 4. This invention designs a baffle tooth, which is arranged above the first tooth opening. An active area is formed between the baffle tooth and the first tooth opening. When the separating rotating cylinder is in a high position, the second tooth opening separates from the first tooth opening, and the active tooth can rotate freely in the active area. When the liquid terbium impacts the guide plate, the impact force drives the rotating column to rotate, and the active tooth rotates downward to disengage from the baffle tooth. Subsequently, due to the gravity of the swing plate, it rotates in the opposite direction, and the active tooth rotates upward to the baffle tooth limit position, realizing the reciprocating swing of the swing plate and the guide plate. The guide plate removes the impact force of the liquid terbium and guides the flow. Furthermore, the baffle tooth limit position can be used to ensure that the swing plate and the guide plate can be kept at an inclined angle on the side of the circular filter layer, achieving the purpose of buffering and guiding the flow.

[0025] 5. This invention designs the inner wall of the flow guide chamber as a spherical arc surface. A small portion of the liquid terbium ejected from the circular filter layer will impact the spherical arc surface of the flow guide chamber. The shape of the spherical arc surface extends the flight distance of the liquid terbium, consumes the force of the liquid terbium impacting the spherical arc surface, reduces splashing, and allows the liquid terbium to flow slowly along the arc surface towards the inclined arc groove. The conical protrusion guides the liquid terbium to converge towards the inclined arc groove, ensuring that the separated liquid terbium is efficiently discharged through the discharge pipe, thereby improving the collection and discharge efficiency of liquid terbium.

[0026] 6. This invention utilizes an inclined scraper with an arc-shaped strip structure at an angle. As the separating drum rotates, the inclined scraper conforms to the spherical arc surface of the guide chamber, scraping away the liquid terbium adhering to the spherical arc surface. By designing the inclined scraper with an angle, the rotation of the inclined scraper can generate downward pressure on the liquid terbium, thereby promoting the liquid terbium to move downward along the spherical arc surface structure and enter the inclined arc groove, and then be discharged through the discharge pipe, further accelerating the collection of liquid terbium and preventing its retention. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tilting crucible and dynamic separation component structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the dynamic separation component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cylindrical body of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled lifting cylinder structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the separating rotating cylinder of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the separating rotating drum and the primary screening anti-overflow drum of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the separating rotating drum and the primary screening anti-overflow drum of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the chute and movable groove structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the swing filter plate structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the active block structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the oscillating plate and the guide plate of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0041] Figure 15 for Figure 8 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C;

[0042] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating rotational motion of the rotating column of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the combined state of the swing plate and the perforated filter layer of the present invention.

[0044] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0045] 1. Vacuum furnace body; 2. Tilting crucible; 3. Dynamic separation assembly;

[0046] 31. Separating drum; 32. Swinging filter plate; 33. Drum body; 34. Base; 35. Lifting drum; 36. Primary screening anti-overflow drum; 37. Scraper assembly;

[0047] 3101, Circular pore filter layer; 3102, Slot; 3103, Magnetic conductor; 3104, Slide groove; 3105, Movable groove; 3106, Arc-shaped baffle; 3107, Slide rail;

[0048] 3201, Slide plate; 3202, Rotating plate; 3203, Pulley; 3204, Movable block; 3205, Sliding groove; 3206, Tooth opening one; 3207, Stop tooth; 3208, Moving area; 3209, Rotating column; 32091, Tooth opening two; 32092, Movable tooth; 3210, Curved plate; 3211, Swing plate; 3212, Filter column; 3213, Guide plate; 3214, Sliding hole; 3215, Top rod; 3216, Limiting block; 3217, Spring one; 3218, Top hole; 3219, Top cylinder;

[0049] 3301. Adjusting chamber; 3302. Flow guiding chamber; 3303. Rotating groove; 3304. Guide column; 3305. Conical protrusion; 3306. Inclined arc groove; 3307. Discharge pipe; 3308. Circular wheel rail; 3309. Electromagnet; 3401. Hydraulic cylinder; 3501. Motor; 3502. Rotating rod; 3601. Insert plate; 3602. Filter cartridge; 3701. Fixing block; 3702. Adjusting block; 3703. Spring II; 3704. Inclined scraper. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Example 1, as Figures 1 to 17 As shown, this embodiment provides a vacuum induction melting device for refining terbium metal, including a vacuum furnace body 1, inside which a tilting crucible 2 and a dynamic separation component 3 are arranged; wherein, the vacuum furnace body 1 and the tilting crucible 2 are existing technologies in this example and will not be described in detail.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic separation component 3 includes a separation drum 31 and multiple swing filter plates 32. The multiple swing filter plates 32 are movably arranged in a ring array on the outer wall of the separation drum 31. The tilting crucible 2 is used to melt metallic terbium into liquid terbium and pour the liquid terbium into the separation drum 31 of the dynamic separation component 3. The liquid terbium is separated from the calcium fluoride slag by the separation drum 31. The side wall of the separation drum 31 is provided with multiple perforated filter layers 3101. The separation drum 31 can rotate and use centrifugal force to separate the liquid terbium from the calcium fluoride slag, causing the liquid terbium to be thrown out through the perforated filter layers 3101. The separation of liquid terbium from the calcium fluoride slag is achieved by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the separation drum 31. Terbium has a density of approximately 9.32 g / cm³, while calcium fluoride has a density of approximately 3.18 g / cm³. Under centrifugal force, the high-density liquid terbium experiences greater centrifugal force, gathers towards the inner wall of the separating drum 31, and overcomes the resistance of the perforated filter layer 3101 to penetrate the filter holes and be discharged. Meanwhile, the low-density calcium fluoride slag has insufficient centrifugal force and is unable to penetrate the high-density liquid terbium to enter the vicinity of the perforated filter layer 3101. Even if some calcium fluoride slag enters the vicinity of the perforated filter layer 3101, it can be blocked by the perforated filter layer 3101. By designing a rotatable separating drum 31 inside the vacuum furnace 1, the centrifugal force of the separating drum 31 is used to achieve rapid separation of metallic terbium and calcium fluoride slag, overcoming the limitations of low efficiency in traditional gravity sedimentation or static filtration separation.

[0052] It is worth noting that the oscillating filter plate 32 can be held at an inclined angle to the side of the circular filter layer 3101 to buffer and guide the liquid terbium filtered out by the circular filter layer 3101; the oscillating filter plate 32 can also form a merged state with the circular filter layer 3101. During the merging process, the oscillating filter plate 32 can clear the blockage in the filter holes of the circular filter layer 3101. After merging, the oscillating filter plate 32 can reduce the pore size of the filter holes of the circular filter layer 3101 for subsequent fine separation operations.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic separation component 3 further includes a cylinder 33 and a base 34. The cylinder 33 is arranged on the top of the base 34, and the separation rotating cylinder 31 is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder 33. The inner cavity of the cylinder 33 is provided with an adjustment chamber 3301, a flow guiding chamber 3302 and a rotating groove 3303.

[0054] In another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of guide columns 3304 are arranged inside the regulating chamber 3301, and a lifting cylinder 35 is movably arranged on the guide columns 3304. A hydraulic cylinder 3401 is installed inside the base 34, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 3401 is connected to the bottom of the lifting cylinder 35. The guide columns 3304 provide vertical movement guidance support for the lifting cylinder 35. In conjunction with the hydraulic cylinder 3401 in the base 34, the vertical displacement of the separating rotating cylinder 31 can be precisely controlled. A motor 3501 is installed inside the lifting cylinder 35, and a rotating rod 3502 is connected to the output end of the motor 3501. The rotating rod 3502 movably passes through the top of the lifting cylinder 35 and is connected to the bottom of the separating rotating cylinder 31. By controlling the rotation of the rotating rod 3502 through the motor 3501, the separating rotating cylinder 31 can be driven to rotate.

[0055] In another embodiment of the present invention, the separating drum 31 is movably arranged inside the flow guiding chamber 3302. The inner sidewall of the flow guiding chamber 3302 is arranged as a spherical arc surface. A conical protrusion 3305 is arranged at the bottom of the flow guiding chamber 3302. An inclined arc groove 3306 is arranged on the side of the conical protrusion 3305. A discharge pipe 3307 is connected to the outer sidewall of the drum 33. The lower end of the inclined arc groove 3306 is connected to the inner cavity of the discharge pipe 3307. When the separating drum 31 rotates and throws the liquid terbium out of the circular hole filter layer 3101, the spherical arc surface can extend the flight distance of the liquid terbium, consume the impact force, reduce splashing, and make the liquid terbium flow slowly along the arc surface to the inclined arc groove 3306. The conical protrusion 3305 guides the liquid terbium to converge into the inclined arc groove 3306, ensuring that the separated liquid terbium is efficiently discharged through the discharge pipe 3307 and avoiding stagnation.

[0056] In another embodiment of the present invention, the rotating groove 3303 is a groove structure with a circular path. Two symmetrically distributed circular wheel rails 3308 are arranged in the rotating groove 3303, one of which is arranged at the bottom of the rotating groove 3303 and the other is arranged at the top of the rotating groove 3303.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present invention, a primary screening anti-overflow cylinder 36 is arranged in the inner cavity of the separating drum 31, and a plurality of slots 3102 are provided on the side wall of the inner cavity of the separating drum 31; the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder 36 has a cylindrical structure, and a plurality of insert plates 3601 are connected to the outer side wall of the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder 36, and the insert plates 3601 are inserted and engaged with the slots 3102; a filter cylinder 3602 communicating with its inner cavity is connected to the bottom of the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder 36, and the filter cylinder 3602 is used to filter large pieces of calcium fluoride slag. Molten terbium is poured into the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder 36 inside the separation drum 31 via a tilting crucible 2. The liquid terbium enters the filter cylinder 3602 through the inner cavity of the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder 36, where large pieces of calcium fluoride slag are screened out. The liquid terbium then enters the inner cavity of the separation drum 31 through the filter holes of the filter cylinder 3602, achieving the initial separation operation. When the separation drum 31 rotates, the liquid terbium inside the separation drum 31 moves towards the inner wall of the separation drum 31 under the action of centrifugal force. At the same time, the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder 36 can shield the liquid terbium from the top, preventing it from overflowing, thus entering the rapid separation stage.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present invention, the top of the separating drum 31 is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves 3104, the bottom of the sliding grooves 3104 is connected to a movable groove 3105, and an arc-shaped baffle 3106 is connected to the opening of the movable groove 3105. The arc-shaped baffle 3106 can prevent liquid terbium from entering the movable groove 3105. The inner sidewall of the movable groove 3105 is connected to a slide rail 3107. There are four slide rails 3107, two of which form a group, and the two groups of slide rails 3107 are symmetrically distributed.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, the oscillating filter plate 32 includes multiple sliding plates 3201 movably arranged within a sliding groove 3104. A rotating ring plate 3202 is connected to the top of each sliding plate 3201. The inner sidewall of the rotating ring plate 3202 has multiple slot structures identical in shape to the slot 3102. Multiple pulleys 3203 are arranged in a circular array on the top of the rotating ring plate 3202, and multiple pulley structures symmetrical to the pulleys 3203 on its bottom are arranged on the bottom of the rotating ring plate 3202. The rotating ring plate 3202 is arranged within a rotating groove 3303, and slides with a circular wheel rail 3308 via the pulleys 3203. The circular wheel rails 3308 at the top and bottom of the rotating groove 3303 form a rolling engagement with the symmetrically arranged pulleys 3203 on the rotating ring plate 3202. When the separating drum 31 rotates under the drive of the motor 3501, the rotating ring plate 3202 is connected to the sliding groove 3104 on the top of the separating drum 31 via the sliding plate 3201, and rotates synchronously with the separating drum 31. At this time, the pulley 3203 rolls on the circular wheel rail 3308, providing radial support and circumferential guidance for the rotating ring plate 3202, ensuring the stability of the separating drum 31 during rotation. At the same time, the circular path groove of the rotating groove 3303 restricts the vertical displacement of the rotating ring plate 3202. When the hydraulic cylinder 3401 drives the separating drum 31 to move up and down, the rotating ring plate 3202 remains vertically fixed due to the constraint of the rotating groove 3303.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present invention, a movable block 3204 is connected to the bottom of the sliding plate 3201. A sliding groove 3205 is provided on the side wall of the movable block 3204, and the movable block 3204 slides in conjunction with a slide rail 3107 within the sliding groove 3205. A toothed opening 3206 and a stop tooth 3207 are arranged on the side wall of the movable block 3204. The stop tooth 3207 is positioned above the toothed opening 3206, and an active area 3208 is formed between the stop tooth 3207 and the toothed opening 3206. The stop tooth 3207 has a long, strip-shaped plate structure. A rotating column 3209 is rotatably arranged on the inner side wall of the active groove 3105. A swing plate 3211 is connected to the side wall via a curved plate 3210. The swing plate 3211 has an arc-shaped plate structure. Multiple filter columns 3212 are connected to the side wall of the swing plate 3211. The central axes of the multiple filter columns 3212 are parallel to each other. The side wall of the filter column 3212 has a hole that penetrates the swing plate 3211. The circumferential side wall of the rotating column 3209 is provided with a toothed mouth 32091 and a movable tooth 32092. The distance between the movable tooth 32092 and the toothed mouth 32091 is equal to the tooth pitch of the toothed mouth 32091 itself. The toothed mouth 32091 and the toothed mouth 3206 can form an engaging state and a disengaged state.

[0061] When the separating drum 31 is in the high position, the second tooth 32091 separates from the first tooth 3206, and the movable tooth 32092 rotates freely in the active area 3208. When the liquid terbium impacts the guide plate 3213, the impact force drives the rotating column 3209 to rotate, and the movable tooth 32092 rotates downward to disengage from the stop tooth 3207. Subsequently, due to the gravity of the swing plate 3211, it rotates in the opposite direction, and the movable tooth 32092 rotates upward to the stop tooth 3207 limit, realizing the reciprocating swing of the swing plate 3211, removing the impact force of the liquid terbium and guiding the flow.

[0062] When the hydraulic cylinder 3401 drives the separating drum 31 to move downward, the rotating ring plate 3202 is constrained by the rotating groove 3303 and remains vertically fixed, which makes the sliding plate 3201 remain vertically fixed. When the separating drum 31 moves downward, it drives the rotating column 3209 to move downward as well. The second tooth 32091 meshes with the first tooth 3206. After meshing, the rotating column 3209 is forced to rotate, which drives the swing plate 3211 to rotate toward the round hole filter layer 3101 through the curved plate 3210 until the filter column 3212 is inserted into the filter hole, clearing the blockage and reducing the hole diameter, thus achieving fine separation.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present invention, a guide plate 3213 is also arranged on the side of the swing plate 3211. The curvature of the guide plate 3213 is the same as the curvature of the side wall of the swing plate 3211. A plurality of sliding holes 3214 are opened on the side wall of the guide plate 3213. The filter column 3212 is movably arranged in the sliding holes 3214. Since the central axes of the plurality of filter columns 3212 are parallel to each other, the sliding holes 3214 of the guide plate 3213 correspond one-to-one with the filter columns 3212 and are arranged in parallel, so that the filter column 3212 can slide smoothly in the sliding holes 3214 and avoid jamming. Top rods are connected to the four corners of the side wall of the guide plate 3213. 3215, a limiting block 3216 is connected to the outer circumference of the push rod 3215, and a spring 3217 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the push rod 3215; top holes 3218 are respectively opened at the four corners of the side wall of the swing plate 3211, and top cylinders 3219 are also connected at the four corners of the side wall of the swing plate 3211. The top holes 3218 are connected to the inner cavity of the top cylinder 3219. The push rod 3215 moves through the top hole 3218 and extends into the inner cavity of the top cylinder 3219. The limiting block 3216 is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the top cylinder 3219, and the spring 3217 is arranged between the limiting block 3216 and the side wall of the inner cavity of the top cylinder 3219. When liquid terbium is ejected from the perforated filter layer 3101 and impacts the guide plate 3213, the impact force drives the guide plate 3213 to compress the spring 3217 towards the swing plate 3211. The push rod 3215 slides within the top cylinder 3219, dissipating the impact energy through spring deformation and preventing liquid terbium from splashing. After the impact, the spring 3217 resets and pushes the guide plate 3213 back to its original position, forming a reciprocating buffer to ensure that the liquid terbium flows smoothly into the inclined arc groove 3306 along the curvature of the guide plate 3213.

[0064] In this invention, when liquid terbium is thrown out of the perforated filter layer 3101 and hits the guide plate 3213, the guide plate 3213 first compresses the spring 3217 to relieve the force, and then drives the swing plate 3211 to swing together. Through the graded force relief mechanism of buffering first and then swinging, the impact and splashing of liquid terbium is minimized.

[0065] When the hydraulic cylinder 3401 drives the separating drum 31 to move downward, and the rotating column 3209 drives the swing plate 3211 to rotate towards the circular hole filter layer 3101, the guide plate 3213 first contacts the outer wall of the circular hole filter layer 3101. Then the swing plate 3211 continues to approach the circular hole filter layer 3101 and compresses the spring 3217 to insert the filter column 3212 into the filter hole of the circular hole filter layer 3101, squeezing out the blockage in the filter hole of the circular hole filter layer 3101. The pores of the filter column 3212 replace the filter holes of the circular hole filter layer 3101, thereby reducing the pore size of the circular hole filter layer 3101, intercepting the remaining fine calcium fluoride slag particles, and improving the separation accuracy.

[0066] In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of scraping assemblies 37 are also arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the separating drum 31. Each scraping assembly 37 includes a fixing block 3701 connected to the outer circumferential wall of the separating drum 31. An adjusting block 3702 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the side wall of the fixing block 3701. An inclined scraper 3704 is connected to the side wall of the adjusting block 3702. The inclined scraper 3704 is an arc-shaped strip structure with an inclined angle. The inclined scraper 3704 is in contact with the spherical arc-shaped side wall of the guide chamber 3302. The adjusting block 3702 and the fixed block 3701 are connected by multiple springs 3703. The elastic force of the multiple springs 3703 ensures that the inclined scraper 3704 can fit tightly against the spherical arc surface of the flow guide chamber 3302. Even when the separating drum 31 moves down, the inclined scraper 3704 moves down with it. Its own curvature and the elastic force of the springs 3703 can ensure that the inclined scraper 3704 can fit tightly against the spherical arc surface of the flow guide chamber 3302. When the inclined scraper 3704 rotates with the separating drum 31, it fits the spherical arc surface of the guide chamber 3302 with an arc structure, which can scrape the liquid terbium attached to the spherical arc surface. By designing the inclined scraper 3704 to have an inclined angle, the rotation of the inclined scraper 3704 can generate downward pressure on the liquid terbium, thereby promoting the liquid terbium to move downward along the spherical arc surface structure and enter the inclined arc groove 3306, and then be discharged through the discharge pipe 3307, thereby accelerating the collection of liquid terbium and avoiding the retention of liquid terbium.

[0067] In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of electromagnets 3309 are arranged in a ring array on the inner sidewall of the cylinder 33, and a magnetic conductor 3103 is connected to the outer circumferential wall of the separating rotating cylinder 31. The separating rotating cylinder 31 forms a magnetic levitation state through the magnetic conductor 3103 and the electromagnets 3309. Both the electromagnets 3309 and the magnetic conductor 3103 are existing technologies in this embodiment and can form an effective magnetic levitation state, which will not be described in detail here. When the separating rotating cylinder 31 rotates, the magnetic levitation state formed by the magnetic conductor 3103 and the electromagnets 3309 can ensure the stability of the rotation of the separating rotating cylinder 31 and reduce the shaking of the separating rotating cylinder 31. At the same time, in conjunction with the mechanical support of the rotating groove 3303, the stability of the rotation of the separating rotating cylinder 31 is further ensured, ensuring that the stratification effect of liquid terbium and calcium fluoride slag during centrifugal separation is not disturbed by vibration, thereby improving the separation efficiency and accuracy.

[0068] Example 2: This example provides a refining method for terbium metal refining using a vacuum induction melting apparatus, comprising the following steps:

[0069] S1. Preliminary separation operation: The molten terbium is poured into the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder 36 inside the separation drum 31 through the tilting crucible 2. The liquid terbium enters the filter cylinder 3602 through the inner cavity of the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder 36. The large pieces of calcium fluoride slag are screened out through the filter cylinder 3602. The liquid terbium enters the inner cavity of the separation drum 31 through the filter holes of the filter cylinder 3602.

[0070] S2. Rapid separation operation: The motor 3501 drives the separation drum 31 to rotate. When the separation drum 31 rotates, the rotating plate 3202 rotates in the rotating groove 3303 to maintain the stable rotation of the separation drum 31. The rotation of the separation drum 31 generates centrifugal force. The high-density liquid terbium can be subjected to greater centrifugal force, while the low-density calcium fluoride slag is subjected to insufficient centrifugal force, causing the high-density liquid terbium and the low-density calcium fluoride slag to form stratification. That is, the liquid terbium gathers towards the side wall of the inner cavity of the separation drum 31, while the calcium fluoride slag gathers towards the center of the inner cavity of the separation drum 31. The liquid terbium, subjected to greater centrifugal force, can overcome the resistance of the perforated filter layer 3101 on the side wall of the separation drum 31 and pass through the filter holes to be discharged, while the calcium fluoride slag is blocked by the perforated filter layer 3101, thus forming rapid separation.

[0071] S3. Buffer splash operation: Most of the liquid terbium ejected from the perforated filter layer 3101 impacts the sidewall of the guide plate 3213. The impact force of the liquid terbium on the guide plate 3213 drives the rotating column 3209 to rotate. The movable tooth 32092 of the rotating column 3209 rotates downwards in the active area 3208 of the movable block 3204, causing the movable tooth 32092 to separate from the stop tooth 3207. After separation, the gravity of the swing plate 3211 drives the rotating column 3209 to rotate in the opposite direction again, causing the movable tooth 32092 to rotate upwards in the active area 3208 until the movable tooth 32092 is limited by the stop tooth 3207 and stops moving. Through the reciprocating rotation of the movable tooth 32092 in the active area 3208, the swing plate... The plate 3211 will swing, which will further cause the swing plate 3211 to move due to the impact force of the liquid terbium on the guide plate 3213. The movement of the swing plate 3211 will have a force-dissipating effect on the impact force. The liquid terbium will flow into the inclined arc groove 3306 below through the guide plate 3213, and will be discharged through the discharge pipe 3307 from the lower end of the inclined arc groove 3306. A small portion of the liquid terbium thrown out from the circular hole filter layer 3101 will hit the spherical arc surface of the guide chamber 3302. The shape of the spherical arc surface will extend the flight distance of the liquid terbium and consume the force of the liquid terbium hitting the spherical arc surface, so that the liquid terbium will fall slowly on the spherical arc surface. It will flow into the inclined arc groove 3306 below through the arc structure of the spherical arc surface, and then be discharged through the discharge pipe 3307.

[0072] S4. Subsequent fine separation operation: Through the rapid separation operation in S2, a large amount of liquid terbium can be quickly separated out, reducing retention. After a large amount of liquid terbium is separated out, the liquid terbium in the separation drum 31 has a high calcium fluoride slag content. Under the centrifugal force of the rotating drum 31, the calcium fluoride slag gradually moves towards the position of the perforated filter layer 3101. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 3401 operates, driving the lifting drum 35 downwards, thereby causing the separation drum 31 to move downwards. During the downward movement of the separation drum 31, the rotating plate 3202 remains fixed in the vertical direction due to the restriction of the rotating groove 3303. The moving column 3209 moves downward along with the separating drum 31. During the downward movement of the rotating column 3209, the second tooth 32091 and the first tooth 3206 come into contact and mesh, thereby causing the rotating column 3209 to rotate. The rotating column 3209 drives the swing plate 3211 to rotate towards the circular hole filter layer 3101 until the filter column 3212 on the side wall of the swing plate 3211 is inserted into the filter hole of the circular hole filter layer 3101, squeezing out the blockage in the filter hole of the circular hole filter layer 3101. The pores of the filter column 3212 replace the filter hole of the circular hole filter layer 3101, thereby reducing the pore size of the filter hole of the circular hole filter layer 3101, trapping the remaining fine calcium fluoride slag particles, and improving the separation accuracy.

[0073] S5. Disassembly and cleaning operation: After separation is completed, the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder 36 is removed with tools for cleaning, and the inside of the separation rotating cylinder 31 is also cleaned.

[0074] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum induction melting apparatus for refining a metal terbium, characterized by, The application relates to a vacuum furnace body (1) internally arranged with a turnover crucible (2) and a dynamic separation assembly (3). The dynamic separation assembly (3) comprises a separation rotating drum (31) and a plurality of swing filter plates (32) which are movably arranged on the outer sidewall of the separation rotating drum (31) in a ring array mode. The sidewall of the separation rotating drum (31) is arranged with a plurality of circular-hole filter layers (3101), the separation rotating drum (31) can rotate by itself, the separation of liquid terbium and calcium fluoride slag is realized by centrifugal force, and the liquid terbium is thrown out by the circular-hole filter layers (3101). The swing filter plate (32) can be kept at the side of the circular-hole filter layer (3101) at an inclined angle, buffers and guides the liquid terbium filtered out of the circular-hole filter layer (3101), the swing filter plate (32) can also form a combined state with the circular-hole filter layer (3101), the swing filter plate (32) can clean the blockage in the filter hole of the circular-hole filter layer (3101) during the combining process, and the swing filter plate (32) can reduce the pore size of the filter hole of the circular-hole filter layer (3101) after the combining, so as to realize fine separation operation in the later period. The top of the separation rotating drum (31) is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves (3104), and the bottom of the sliding grooves (3104) is communicated with a movable groove (3105). The swing filter plate (32) comprises a sliding plate (3201) movably arranged in the sliding groove (3104). The bottom of the sliding plate (3201) is connected with a movable block (3204) which is in sliding fit with the inner sidewall of the movable groove (3105); the sidewall of the movable block (3204) is arranged with a tooth gap I (3206) and a blocking tooth (3207), the blocking tooth (3207) is arranged above the tooth gap I (3206), an active area (3208) is formed between the blocking tooth (3207) and the tooth gap I (3206), and the blocking tooth (3207) is a long strip-shaped plate structure. The inner sidewall of the movable groove (3105) is rotationally arranged with a rotating column (3209), the sidewall of the rotating column (3209) is connected with a swing plate (3211) through a curved plate (3210), and the swing plate (3211) is an arc-shaped plate structure. The sidewall of the swing plate (3211) is connected with a plurality of filter columns (3212), the central axes of the plurality of filter columns (3212) are in a mutual parallel state, and the sidewall of the filter column (3212) is provided with an aperture penetrating through the swing plate (3211). The circumferential sidewall of the rotating column (3209) is arranged with a tooth gap II (32091) and a movable tooth (32092), the spacing between the movable tooth (32092) and the tooth gap II (32091) is equal to the tooth spacing of the tooth gap II (32091) itself, and the tooth gap II (32091) and the tooth gap I (3206) can form a meshing state and a separation state. The swing plate (3211) side is also provided with a guide plate (3213), the curvature of the guide plate (3213) is the same as the curvature of the swing plate (3211) side wall, a plurality of sliding holes (3214) are formed in the side wall of the guide plate (3213), the filter column (3212) is movably arranged in the sliding hole (3214), the four corners of the side wall of the guide plate (3213) are respectively connected with a top rod (3215), the circumferential outer wall of the top rod (3215) is connected with a limiting block (3216), and the circumferential outer wall of the top rod (3215) is sleeved with a spring (3217). The four corners of the side wall of the swing plate (3211) are respectively provided with a top hole (3218), and the four corners of the side wall of the swing plate (3211) are respectively connected with a top cylinder (3219). The top hole (3218) is in communication with the inner cavity of the top cylinder (3219), the top rod (3215) movably penetrates the top hole (3218) and extends into the inner cavity of the top cylinder (3219), the limiting block (3216) is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the top cylinder (3219), and the spring (3217) is arranged between the limiting block (3216) and the inner cavity side wall of the top cylinder (3219).

2. The vacuum induction melting apparatus for refining a metal terbium according to claim 1, characterized by The dynamic separation assembly (3) further comprises a cylinder (33) and a base (34), and the separation drum (31) is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder (33); the inner cavity of the cylinder (33) is provided with an adjusting bin (3301), a guide bin (3302) and a rotating groove (3303); The inner cavity of the adjusting bin (3301) is provided with a plurality of guide columns (3304), and the guide columns (3304) movably arrange a lifting cylinder (35); the inner side wall of the guide bin (3302) is arranged as a spherical arc surface, the inner bottom of the guide bin (3302) is provided with a conical protrusion (3305), the conical protrusion (3305) is provided with an inclined arc groove (3306) on the side, the outer side wall of the cylinder (33) is connected with a discharge pipe (3307), and the low end of the inclined arc groove (3306) is in communication with the inner cavity of the discharge pipe (3307).

3. The vacuum induction melting apparatus for refining a metal terbium according to claim 2, characterized by The base (34) is internally provided with a hydraulic cylinder (3401), and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (3401) is connected with the bottom of the lifting cylinder (35); the inner cavity of the lifting cylinder (35) is provided with a motor (3501), and the output end of the motor (3501) is connected with the bottom of the separation drum (31) through a rotating rod (3502).

4. The vacuum induction melting apparatus for refining a metal terbium according to claim 3, characterized by The inner cavity of the separation drum (31) is inserted and arranged with a primary screening anti-overflow cylinder (36), the bottom of the primary screening anti-overflow cylinder (36) is connected with a filter cylinder (3602) in communication with the inner cavity thereof, and the filter cylinder (3602) is used for filtering large pieces of calcium fluoride slag.

5. The vacuum induction melting apparatus for refining a metal terbium according to claim 4, characterized by The plurality of slide plates (3201) are connected with a rotating ring plate (3202) on the top, and the rotating ring plate (3202) is rotatably arranged in the rotating groove (3303).

6. The vacuum induction melting apparatus for refining a metal terbium according to claim 5, wherein The separation drum (31) circumferential outer wall is further provided with a plurality of scraping assemblies (37), the scraping assembly (37) includes the fixed block (3701) connected to the separation drum (31) circumferential outer wall, the fixed block (3701) side wall upper end is rotatably connected with the adjusting block (3702), the adjusting block (3702) side wall is connected with the inclined scraper (3704), the inclined scraper (3704) is the arc-shaped strip structure with inclination angle, the inclined scraper (3704) and the spherical arc surface side wall of the flow guide bin (3302) form the contact state, the adjusting block (3702) and the fixed block (3701) are connected through a plurality of spring two (3703).

7. The refining method of a vacuum induction melting apparatus for refining a metal terbium according to claim 6, characterized by, Comprise the following steps: S1, preliminary separation operation, by the overturning crucible (2) pour the molten liquid state terbium into the initial screen overflow cylinder (36) in the separation drum (31), liquid terbium enters into the filter cylinder (3602) through the inner cavity of the initial screen overflow cylinder (36), and the large block of calcium fluoride slag is screened through the filter cylinder (3602), and the liquid terbium enters into the inner cavity of the separation drum (31) through the filter hole of the filter cylinder (3602); S2, rapid separation operation, by the motor (3501) work, drive the separation drum (31) rotation, high-density liquid terbium can be subjected to greater centrifugal force, the centrifugal force of low-density calcium fluoride slag is insufficient, so that high-density liquid terbium and low-density calcium fluoride slag form stratification, i.e. liquid terbium gathers to the position of the inner cavity side wall of the separation drum (31), while calcium fluoride slag gathers to the central position of the inner cavity of the separation drum (31), liquid terbium subjected to greater centrifugal force can penetrate the filter hole and be discharged, and the calcium fluoride slag is blocked by the circular hole filter layer (3101), and rapid separation is formed. S3, buffer splash operation, the liquid terbium thrown out of the round hole filter layer (3101) can hit the side wall of the guide plate (3213) most of the time. The impact force of the liquid terbium on the guide plate (3213) can drive the rotating column (3209) to rotate. The movable teeth (32092) of the rotating column (3209) rotate downward on the active area (3208) of the movable block (3204), so that the movable teeth (32092) are separated from the blocking teeth (3207). After separation, the rotating column (3209) is driven to rotate in the opposite direction again due to the gravity of the swing plate (3211), so that the movable teeth (32092) rotate upward on the active area (3208). Until the movable teeth (32092) are stopped by the blocking teeth (3207), through the reciprocating rotation of the movable teeth (32092) on the active area (3208), the swing plate (3211) will swing, further making the impact force of the liquid terbium on the guide plate (3213) move the swing plate (3211). The movement of the swing plate (3211) forms a force relief effect on the impact force. The liquid terbium flows into the inclined arc groove (3306) below through the guide plate (3213), and enters the discharge pipe (3307) from the low end position of the inclined arc groove (3306) to be discharged; A small part of the liquid terbium thrown out of the round hole filter layer (3101) will hit the spherical arc surface of the guide warehouse (3302). Through the shape of the spherical arc surface, the flight distance of the liquid terbium is prolonged, and the force of the liquid terbium hitting the spherical arc surface is consumed, so that the liquid terbium falls slowly on the spherical arc surface. Through the arc surface structure of the spherical arc surface, it flows into the inclined arc groove (3306) below, and is discharged through the discharge pipe (3307). S4, late fine separation operation, after the quick separation operation of S2, a large amount of liquid terbium is separated out, the remaining liquid terbium in the separation drum (31) has a high content of calcium fluoride residue, the calcium fluoride residue is gradually moved to the position of the circular hole filter layer (3101) under the action of the centrifugal force of the rotating separation drum (31), at this time, the hydraulic cylinder (3401) works to drive the lifting cylinder (35) to move downward, and then the separation drum (31) moves downward, during the downward movement of the separation drum (31), the rotating ring plate (3202) is kept fixed in the vertical direction due to the restriction of the rotating groove (3303), and the rotating column (3209) moves downward with the separation drum (31), during the downward movement of the rotating column (3209), the second tooth opening (32091) is in contact and meshing with the first tooth opening (3206), and then the rotating column (3209) rotates, the rotating column (3209) drives the swing plate (3211) to rotate towards the circular hole filter layer (3101), until the filter column (3212) of the swing plate (3211) is inserted into the filter hole of the circular hole filter layer (3101), the blockage in the filter hole of the circular hole filter layer (3101) is squeezed out, the pore of the filter column (3212) replaces the filter hole of the circular hole filter layer (3101), so as to achieve the effect of reducing the pore size of the filter hole of the circular hole filter layer (3101), and the remaining fine calcium fluoride residue particles are intercepted, and the separation precision is improved; S5, disassembly and cleaning operation, after the separation is completed, the primary screening overflow prevention cylinder (36) is taken out by tools for cleaning, and the inside of the separation drum (31) is cleaned.

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