Pipe workpiece inner wall grinding and polishing equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses grinding and polishing equipment for the inner wall of a pipe workpiece. The grinding and polishing equipment comprises a rack, a workpiece rotating and supporting mechanism, a grinding mechanism, a radial feeding mechanism, an axial moving mechanism, a workpiece stabilizing mechanism and an electric control system. The grinding assembly is a flexible grinding wheel formed by splicing a plurality of arc-shaped grinding pieces, a pneumatic motor drives the flexible grinding wheel to rotate at a high speed to serve as main cutting motion, constant-pressure contact control is achieved through a radial feeding mechanism, abrasion of the grinding wheel can be compensated in a self-adaptive mode through the control mode, and it is guaranteed that the grinding pressure is stable; therefore, the reference size of the workpiece is protected to the maximum extent while the defects of the inner wall are effectively removed, the problem of size out-of-tolerance caused by uneven pressure or abrasion in traditional rigid grinding is avoided, constant-pressure, efficient and high-quality grinding is guaranteed, and the grinding and polishing efficiency and quality of the inner wall of the pipe workpiece are effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to a pipe workpiece inner wall polishing equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The surface finish of the inner wall of a pipe workpiece, such as the outer pipe workpiece of an automobile shock absorber, the cylinder pipe workpiece of an engine, etc., has a crucial influence on the size, use performance, sealing performance and service life of the workpiece. After finish machining, the inner wall often has defects such as oxide skin, burrs or microscopic unevenness, which need to be polished.

[0003] At present, the common machining methods for the inner wall of such deep-hole pipe workpieces mainly include manual tool polishing and machine tool polishing. When manually polishing the inner wall of a pipe workpiece with a tool such as an angle grinder equipped with a sanding disc or a louvered wheel, the operator inserts the tool into the inner wall of the pipe workpiece to polish it. This method has a very high labor intensity and low work efficiency, and it is difficult to meet the needs of mass production; the polishing quality completely depends on the experience and proficiency of the operator, and the consistency is poor, which can lead to problems such as over-polishing or under-polishing, resulting in a low product pass rate; the dust and metal debris generated during polishing pose a threat to the health of the operator and pose a safety hazard. When using a special machine tool to polish, a fixed grinding head is generally inserted into the workpiece through a rigid rod, and the workpiece is rotated or the grinding head is rotated to polish. Although this method reduces the labor intensity to some extent, the pipe workpiece may have a slight deformation during machining or transportation, or there may be a diameter tolerance, and the rigid grinding head has a high hardness, which can cause uneven contact pressure with the inner wall, resulting in uneven polishing of the inner wall surface, and even spiral marks or vibration marks. In addition, as the abrasive wears out, the diameter of the grinding head decreases, and frequent manual adjustment of the feed amount is required, making it difficult to achieve long-term automated continuous operation, and the machining efficiency is still limited.

[0004] In summary, the existing pipe workpiece inner wall polishing methods generally have low automation, unstable polishing quality, cannot adapt to changes in the inner diameter of the workpiece, and have low machining efficiency. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a pipe workpiece inner wall polishing equipment that can realize automatic machining and adapt to changes in the inner wall of the workpiece, ensuring constant pressure, high efficiency and high quality polishing, thereby effectively improving the efficiency and quality of pipe workpiece inner wall polishing.

[0006] The above technical purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solution: the present application provides a pipe workpiece inner wall polishing equipment, which comprises a rack, and further comprises: a workpiece rotating support mechanism installed on the rack for supporting and driving the pipe workpiece to rotate around its axis; The polishing mechanism comprises a polishing assembly capable of extending into the hole of the workpiece and a polishing driving element for driving the polishing assembly to rotate; The radial feeding mechanism is connected with the polishing mechanism and is used for driving the polishing mechanism to move along the pipe workpiece in the radial direction; The axial movement mechanism is installed on the frame and is used for driving the polishing mechanism to move along the pipe workpiece in the axial direction; The polishing assembly is a flexible grinding wheel composed of a plurality of arc-shaped abrasive segments.

[0007] Further, the workpiece rotating support mechanism comprises at least two driving rollers arranged in parallel and a first driving motor for driving the driving rollers to rotate, and the axis of the driving rollers is parallel to the axis of the workpiece.

[0008] Further, the workpiece stabilizing mechanism comprises an auxiliary wheel above the workpiece and a downward pressing driving device for driving the auxiliary wheel to press the workpiece downward.

[0009] Further, the downward pressing driving device comprises a downward pressing support, a lifting cylinder is arranged on the downward pressing support, a connecting plate is connected to the piston rod of the lifting cylinder, and the connecting plate is connected to the auxiliary wheel through a connecting shaft.

[0010] Further, the workpiece rotating support mechanism further comprises a support frame, a rear support roller is connected to one end of the support frame, and the rear support roller and the driving roller jointly constitute three-point support for the pipe workpiece.

[0011] Further, the axial movement mechanism comprises a guide rail arranged on the frame, a moving frame in sliding cooperation with the guide rail, and a feeding driving device for driving the moving frame to move along the guide rail, the feeding driving device comprises a second driving motor arranged on the moving frame and a rack arranged on the frame, and the output shaft of the second driving motor is connected with a driving gear in mesh with the rack.

[0012] Further, the radial feeding mechanism comprises a radial sliding rail arranged on the moving frame, a radial sliding seat is arranged in cooperation on the radial sliding rail, the radial sliding rail and the radial sliding seat are connected through an adjusting rod, an adjusting handle is arranged on the adjusting rod, and the polishing driving element is connected to the radial sliding seat.

[0013] Further, the polishing driving element comprises a motor mounting seat connected to one side of the radial sliding seat, a pneumatic motor is connected to the motor mounting seat, a driving extension rod is connected to the output end of the pneumatic motor, and the flexible grinding wheel is connected to one end of the driving extension rod.

[0014] Further, a dust collecting device is further included, and a suction port of the dust collecting device is directed to the polishing area of the flexible grinding wheel.

[0015] Further, an electric control box and a controller connected to the frame are further included, electric elements for controlling the workpiece rotating supporting mechanism, the polishing driving member, the radial feeding mechanism and the axial moving mechanism are arranged in the electric control box, and the controller is electrically connected with the electric control box.

[0016] In conclusion, the application has the following advantages: the flexible grinding wheel is driven by the pneumatic motor to rotate at high speed as the main cutting motion, and the constant pressure contact control is realized through the radial feeding mechanism, the control mode can self-adaptively compensate the wear of the grinding wheel, ensures the stable polishing pressure, thereby effectively removes the inner wall defects while maximally protects the reference size of the workpiece, avoids the size out-of-tolerance problem caused by the uneven pressure or wear in the traditional rigid polishing, thereby ensures the constant pressure, high efficiency and high quality polishing, and effectively improves the efficiency and quality of the inner wall polishing and polishing of the pipe workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the embodiment one of the application.

[0018] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the workpiece rotating supporting mechanism angle of the embodiment one of the application.

[0019] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the embodiment one of the application. Figure 2

[0020] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the axial moving mechanism angle of the embodiment one of the application.

[0021] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the embodiment one of the application. Figure 4

[0022] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the flexible grinding wheel of the application.

[0023] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the embodiment two of the application.

[0024] In the drawings: ​​1, rack; 2, workpiece rotating support mechanism; 3, polishing mechanism; 4, radial feed mechanism; 5, axial movement mechanism; 6, flexible grinding wheel; 7, workpiece stabilizing mechanism; 8, dust collecting device; 9, electric control box; 10, controller; 21, drive roller; 22, first drive motor; 23, support frame; 24, rear support roller; 31, motor mounting seat; 32, pneumatic motor; 41, radial slide rail; 42, radial slide; 43, adjusting handle; 51, moving frame; 52, second drive motor; 53, rack; 54, drive gear; 71, auxiliary wheel; 72, lifting cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The application will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0026] Example one discloses a pipe workpiece inner wall polishing equipment, referring to Figures 1-6 , mainly including rack 1, workpiece rotating support mechanism 2, polishing mechanism 3, radial feed mechanism 4, axial movement mechanism 5, workpiece stabilizing mechanism 7 and electric control system. The pipe workpiece inner wall polishing equipment disclosed in the example can also adopt a vertical structure.

[0027] Referring to Figures 1-2 , in the example, the workpiece rotating support mechanism 2 includes two parallel arranged drive rollers 21, the two drive rollers 21 are used for supporting the pipe workpiece, the drive rollers 21 are fixed on the rack 1 through bearing seats, and a first drive motor 22 drives at least one drive roller 21 to rotate through a chain wheel and chain transmission mechanism, so as to drive the workpiece placed thereon to rotate around its own axis by relying on friction; the workpiece rotating support mechanism 2 further includes a support frame 23, one end of the support frame 23 is connected with a rear support roller 24, in order to ensure the stable support of the pipe workpiece, a rear support roller 24 is further arranged on the drive roller 21 corresponding to the rear of the pipe workpiece, and the rear support roller 24 and the two drive rollers 21 jointly form three-point stable support for the workpiece.

[0028] Referring to Figures 1-3 , in the example, the workpiece stabilizing mechanism 7 includes an auxiliary wheel 71 located above the workpiece and a downward pressing driving device for driving the auxiliary wheel 71 to press the workpiece downward, the downward pressing driving device includes a downward pressing support, a lifting cylinder 72 is arranged on the downward pressing support, a connecting plate is connected to the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 72, and the connecting plate is connected with the auxiliary wheel 71 through a connecting shaft. The workpiece stabilizing mechanism 7 is used for preventing the pipe workpiece from jumping or deviating when rotating at high speed. When working, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 72 is extended, the auxiliary wheel 71 is driven to move downward, the pipe workpiece is pressed tightly on the drive roller 21, and the rear end of the pipe workpiece is supported through the rear support roller 24, so as to ensure the stability of the workpiece when rotating.

[0029] Reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 In this embodiment, the axial movement mechanism 5 includes a guide rail arranged on the frame 1, a moving frame 51 in sliding cooperation with the guide rail, and a feed driving device for driving the moving frame 51 to move along the guide rail, the feed driving device including a second driving motor 52 arranged on the moving frame 51 and a rack 53 arranged on the frame 1, the output shaft of the second driving motor 52 being connected with a driving gear 54 in engagement with the rack 53, the axial movement mechanism 5 reciprocating along the axial direction of the workpiece to realize full-length polishing of the inner wall of the entire pipe workpiece. In addition, the movement of the axial movement mechanism 5 can be driven by a ball screw pair driven by a servo motor in addition to the engagement driving of the driving gear 54 and the rack 53.

[0030] The moving frame 51 is provided with a drag chain for auxiliary protection during movement of the axial movement mechanism 5 and for protection and guidance of air line and cable. The frame 1 is provided with a travel switch on one side corresponding to the guide rail. The moving frame 51 is provided with an elastic cover covering the guide rail on both sides.

[0031] In this embodiment, the radial feed mechanism 4 includes a radial slide rail 41 arranged on the moving frame 51, a radial slide base 42 being arranged in cooperation on the radial slide rail 41, the radial slide rail 41 and the radial slide base 42 being connected through an adjusting rod, the adjusting rod being provided with an adjusting handle 42, the polishing driving member being connected to the radial slide base 42, the radial feed mechanism 4 being used for controlling the movement of the polishing mechanism 3 in the radial direction of the workpiece to realize the cutting in, cutting out and compensation for the wear of the flexible grinding wheel 6 during polishing. During adjustment, the adjusting rod (screw) is rotated by rotating the adjusting handle 42, and at the same time the radial slide base 42 is moved along the radial guide rail, so that the alignment movement of the flexible grinding wheel 6 and the inner wall of the pipe workpiece can be accurately controlled. The radial slide base 42 is driven by a cylinder arranged on the upper end of the radial slide rail 41, and the cylinder is electrically connected with the controller 10. The pneumatic motor 32 controls the high-speed rotation of the flexible grinding wheel 6, and the adjusting handle 42 or the cylinder controls the radial feed of the pneumatic motor 32 and the flexible grinding wheel 6 until the inner wall of the workpiece is contacted and the preset pressure value is reached, so as to realize the constant pressure contact control. Of course, according to the actual needs (such as constant pressure is sufficient or the alignment of the flexible grinding wheel 6 and the axis of the pipe workpiece is reasonable, etc.), the pneumatic motor 32 and the flexible grinding wheel 6 are fixed during the rotation polishing of the pipe workpiece, and the radial feed does not need to be controlled.

[0032] The polishing driving member in the embodiment comprises a motor mounting base 31 connected to one side of the radial slide base 42, a pneumatic motor 32 connected to the motor mounting base 31, a driving extension rod connected to the output end of the pneumatic motor 32, and the flexible grinding wheel 6 connected to one end of the driving extension rod. The flexible grinding wheel 6 is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped abrasive pieces spliced by a base body, and has a certain flexibility and variability in the outer circular contour. This structure enables the grinding wheel to adaptively adjust the contact area according to the non-circularity or slight deformation of the inner wall of the pipe-shaped workpiece when contacting the inner wall, thereby achieving uniform polishing and avoiding over-polishing or under-polishing caused by rigid contact.

[0033] The embodiment further comprises a dust collecting device 8, wherein the air suction port of the dust collecting device 8 faces the polishing area of the flexible grinding wheel 6, and the dust collecting device 8 is an air suction fan with an air suction pipe connected to the air suction port, and the air suction pipe is arranged at the polishing area of the flexible grinding wheel 6 to timely suck out dust particles and the like generated during polishing and polishing.

[0034] The embodiment further comprises an electric control box 9 and a controller 10 connected to the rack 1, wherein the electric control box 9 is provided with electrical elements for controlling the workpiece rotating support mechanism 2, the polishing driving member, the radial feeding mechanism 4, and the axial moving mechanism 5, the controller 10 is electrically connected to the electric control box 9, and an operator can set polishing parameters (such as the rotating speed of the pipe-shaped workpiece, the feeding speed of the flexible grinding wheel 6, the polishing time, etc.) and start and stop the equipment through the controller 10. The electric control system coordinates the actions of the first driving motor 22, the pneumatic motor 32, the radial feeding cylinder, the servo motor of the axial moving mechanism 5, and the lifting cylinder 72 and other executing elements according to the preset program, thereby realizing fully automatic operation.

[0035] The working principle of the present application is as follows: during the actual polishing, first, the workpiece is placed on the two driving rollers 21, and the rear end is pressed against the rear supporting roller 24, then the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 72 is extended to drive the auxiliary wheel 71 to move downward, so that the pipe workpiece is pressed tightly on the driving roller 21, and the rear end is supported by the rear supporting roller 24, then the first driving motor 22 is controlled to drive the driving roller 21 to rotate through the chain and sprocket transmission, so that the pipe workpiece rotates at a constant speed, then the pneumatic motor 32 is started, the flexible grinding wheel 6 is controlled to rotate at a high speed, then the radial feeding of the pneumatic motor 32 and the flexible grinding wheel 6 is adjusted by the adjusting handle 42 or the cylinder, so that the flexible grinding wheel 6 corresponds to the pipe workpiece, and the flexible grinding wheel 6 can be inserted into the pipe workpiece, then the second driving motor 52 is started, the driving gear 54 is controlled to engage with the rack 53, so that the pneumatic motor 32 and the flexible grinding wheel 6 move towards the pipe workpiece, after the flexible grinding wheel 6 is inserted into the pipe workpiece, the second driving motor 52 controls the driving gear 54 to engage with the rack 53, so that the pneumatic motor 32 and the flexible grinding wheel 6 move together, and the flexible grinding wheel 6 moves at a constant speed in the pipe workpiece. In the whole process, the adjusting handle 42 or the cylinder can be continuously or intermittently controlled, so that the flexible grinding wheel 6 performs a slight compensation in the pipe workpiece, so as to maintain a constant polishing pressure, thereby ensuring the consistency of the polishing effect and the size accuracy of the inner wall of the pipe workpiece. After the polishing is completed, the polishing mechanism 3 is axially retreated to the starting position, the workpiece stops rotating, the lifting cylinder 72 lifts the auxiliary wheel 71 to release the clamping of the pipe workpiece, and the operator can take down the completed pipe workpiece.

[0036] In the embodiment two, with reference to Figure 7 The polishing and polishing equipment for the inner wall of the pipe workpiece can also adopt a vertical structure.

[0037] In the vertical structure, the main frame of the rack 1 is arranged in the vertical direction. The axis of at least two driving rollers 21 of the workpiece rotating support mechanism 2 is in the horizontal plane, and the whole is installed to rotate 90 degrees relative to the horizontal structure, so that the driving roller 21 is used to support and drive the vertical placement of the pipe workpiece to rotate around its vertical direction. At this time, the lower end of the pipe workpiece can be assisted and positioned by one or more bottom supporting rollers (equivalent to the rear supporting roller 24) to bear the weight of the pipe workpiece.

[0038] The axial movement mechanism 5 is installed on the rack 1, which is used to drive the polishing mechanism 3 to move in the vertical direction (i.e. the axial direction of the pipe workpiece in the vertical state). The radial feeding mechanism 4 is used to drive the polishing mechanism 3 to move along the radial direction of the pipe workpiece (i.e. the horizontal direction), so that the flexible grinding wheel 6 is inserted into or withdrawn from the inner hole of the workpiece.

[0039] The workpiece stabilizing mechanism 7 in the vertical structure can be provided with a horizontal clamping mechanism to replace the upper pressing auxiliary wheel.

[0040] The advantages of the vertical structure: for the pipe workpieces with large length-diameter ratio, the vertical placement can effectively avoid the bending deformation caused by the self-weight, and is beneficial to improve the machining precision; the grinding dust generated by the polishing is easy to fall downward under the action of gravity, and can be combined with the dust collection device 8 of the downward suction type, so that the dust removal efficiency is higher; the vertical structure occupies small area, and is convenient for centralized installation with automatic feeding and discharging.

[0041] It should be noted that, whether it is horizontal or vertical structure, the core is to use the cooperation of the pipe workpiece rotating support mechanism, the flexible grinding wheel and the radial and axial feeding mechanism to realize constant pressure and efficient automatic polishing.

[0042] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, so any equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the scope of the present patent application are included in the scope of the present patent application.

Claims

1. A pipe workpiece inner wall polishing apparatus comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: Also include: Workpiece rotating support mechanism (2), the workpiece rotating support mechanism (2) is installed on the rack (1), for supporting and driving the pipe workpiece rotates around its axis; Polishing mechanism (3), the polishing mechanism (3) includes polishing assembly and drive polishing assembly rotation that can extend into the hole of workpiece; Radial feed mechanism (4), the radial feed mechanism (4) is connected with the polishing mechanism (3), for driving polishing mechanism (3) along the pipe workpiece radial movement; Radial feed mechanism (5), the radial feed mechanism (5) is installed on the rack (1), for driving polishing mechanism (3) along the pipe workpiece axial movement; The polishing assembly is a flexible grinding wheel (6) composed of several arc-shaped abrasive segments.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The workpiece rotating support mechanism (2) includes at least two parallel driving rollers (21) and a first drive motor (22) for driving the driving rollers (21) to rotate, the axis of the driving rollers (21) is parallel to the workpiece axis.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: Also include workpiece stabilizing mechanism (7), the workpiece stabilizing mechanism (7) includes auxiliary wheel (71) above the workpiece and drive the auxiliary wheel (71) to press the workpiece down.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: The down pressure driving device includes a down pressure support, the down pressure support is provided with a lifting cylinder (72), the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (72) is connected with a connecting plate, the connecting plate is connected with the auxiliary wheel (71) through a connecting shaft.

5. The apparatus for polishing the inner wall of a tubular workpiece according to claim 2, wherein: The workpiece rotating support mechanism (2) further includes a support frame (23), one end of the support frame (23) is connected with a rear support roller (24), and the rear support roller (24) and the driving roller (21) jointly constitute three-point support for the pipe workpiece.

6. The apparatus for polishing the inner wall of a tubular workpiece according to claim 1, wherein: The radial feed mechanism (5) includes a guide rail provided on the rack (1), a moving frame (51) in sliding fit with the guide rail, and a feed driving device for driving the moving frame (51) to move along the guide rail, the feed driving device includes a second drive motor (52) provided on the moving frame (51) and a rack (53) provided on the rack (1), the output shaft of the second drive motor (52) is connected with a drive gear (54) engaged with the rack (53).

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: The radial feed mechanism (4) includes a radial slide rail (41) provided on the moving frame (51), a radial slide seat (42) is fitted on the radial slide rail (41), and the radial slide rail (41) and the radial slide seat (42) are connected through an adjusting rod, the adjusting rod is provided with an adjusting handle (43), and the polishing drive is connected to the radial slide seat (42).

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: The polishing drive includes a motor mounting seat (31) connected to one side of the radial slide seat (42), the motor mounting seat (31) is connected with a pneumatic motor (32), the output end of the pneumatic motor (32) is connected with a drive extension rod, and one end of the drive extension rod is connected with the flexible grinding wheel (6).

9. The apparatus for polishing the inner wall of a tubular workpiece according to claim 1, wherein: Also include a dust collecting device (8), the air inlet of the dust collecting device (8) faces the polishing area of the flexible grinding wheel (6).

10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: Also include the electric control box (9) and controller (10) connected to the frame (1), the electric control box (9) is equipped with electrical elements for controlling the workpiece rotating support mechanism (2), polishing drive element, radial feed mechanism (4) and radial feed mechanism (5), the controller (10) is electrically connected with electric control box (9).

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