Integrated protection plate for lithium battery

Abstract

The invention provides a lithium battery integrated protection board. An input / output interface is connected with a lithium battery pack, charging equipment and an external load; the safety monitoring module collects battery state data of the lithium battery pack; the charging and discharging module comprises a charging and discharging pre-charging unit and a main charging and discharging unit; the central control module controls connection and disconnection of the charging and discharging pre-charging unit and the main charging and discharging unit according to the battery state data, the access situation of the charging device, the access situation of the external load and the vehicle state data so as to achieve the discharging pre-charging function, the main discharging function, the charging pre-charging function and the main charging function. A safe power-on process is realized through pre-charging, and the risk of circuit element damage caused by lack of a pre-charging step is effectively avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lithium battery charging and discharging protection, and particularly relates to a lithium battery integrated protection board. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the current electric two-wheeled vehicle and three-wheeled vehicle market, with the development of lithium battery technology and its gradually recognized advantages over traditional lead-acid batteries, more and more users tend to replace the original lead-acid batteries with lithium batteries. This conversion not only significantly reduces the weight of the vehicle, but also improves the range and prolongs the overall service life of the battery. However, in actual operation, replacing lead-acid batteries with lithium batteries is not a simple "plug and play" process.

[0003] Most existing replacement solutions rely on the original vehicle's controller to perform the vehicle's power-on and power-off management as well as charging and discharging control functions. Although this method simplifies the replacement process to some extent, since the original vehicle controller was originally designed for lead-acid batteries, it often lacks compatible control logic and communication protocols for lithium batteries. This means that without a specially developed new controller, the original vehicle controller often cannot effectively interact with lithium batteries, leading to a series of problems. For example, due to the lack of accurate battery state information feedback, the power display on the instrument panel may not be accurate.

[0004] In addition, traditional electric drive vehicles such as two or three-wheeled vehicles control all power inputs through a key master control, and each sub-switch in the instrument panel area controls the power supply of the components and feeds back to the vehicle controller and display. Generally, when the replaced lithium battery pack is first connected, due to the lack of communication, the controller directly completes the electric drive power-on process, and because the vehicle controller has internal capacitors, the load end voltage suddenly changes and the capacitor is easily broken, which is equivalent to being short-circuited, so a large current is generated, which is extremely easy to produce a spark phenomenon; then the user twists the key to close the electric door lock, releases the main drive lock, and completes the total power supply of each component. In addition to the main drive, each power load works based on the state of each switch in the instrument area. According to safety requirements, the vehicle controller will also collect a main brake signal after the electric door lock is released to complete READY, at which time the handlebar is turned and the vehicle is normally driven. Similarly, after the charger is connected each time, because the charger and the lithium battery pack have no communication, the charger directly works with a large current through the interface at the moment of connection, which is also extremely easy to produce a spark phenomenon. In addition, the charging / discharging is directly connected in parallel, and at any time, the other port is live, which poses a potential threat to the safety and life of the battery. Moreover, the existing charging hardware design fails to fully consider the unique high-current and high-rate charging needs of lithium batteries, and the battery state cannot be known, which may prolong the charging time.

[0005] In addition, although many protection boards specially designed for lithium batteries have appeared on the market to enhance the safety of electricity use, these protection boards are often highly specialized, and the electrical architecture of different vehicle models differs greatly, resulting in poor actual compatibility of these protection boards, which cannot meet the diversified market demand. SUMMARY

[0006] Based on the above, the present application provides a lithium battery integrated protection board to solve the technical problems of the existing lithium battery replacement scheme.

[0007] The present application provides a lithium battery integrated protection board, comprising:

[0008] An input-output interface is used to connect a lithium battery pack, a charging device and an external load.

[0009] A safety monitoring module is used to collect battery state data of the lithium battery pack.

[0010] A charge-discharge module is connected to the input-output interface and includes a charge-discharge pre-charging unit and a main charge-discharge unit.

[0011] A central control module is connected to the input-output interface, the safety monitoring module and the charge-discharge module, and is used to control the conduction and disconnection of the charge-discharge pre-charging unit and the main charge-discharge unit according to the battery state data, the access situation of the charging device, the access situation of the external load and vehicle state data, so as to realize the functions of pre-charging, main discharging, pre-charging and main charging.

[0012] Further, the charge-discharge pre-charging unit includes an independent charge pre-charging circuit and an independent discharge pre-charging circuit, and the main charge-discharge unit includes an independent main discharge circuit and a main charge circuit.

[0013] The charge pre-charging circuit and the main charge circuit form a charging unit, and the discharge pre-charging circuit and the main discharge circuit form a discharging unit.

[0014] The central control module includes:

[0015] A device access monitoring unit is used to monitor the access situation of the charging device and the access situation of the external load, and obtain a device access monitoring result.

[0016] An intelligent control unit is connected to the device access monitoring unit and is used to:

[0017] When the device access monitoring result shows that there is an external load access, the discharge pre-charging circuit is controlled to be turned on to perform the pre-charging function on the external load, and after the pre-charging is completed, the main discharge circuit is controlled to be turned on to perform the main discharging function to supply power to the external load formally.

[0018] When the device access monitoring result is that the charging device is detected to be accessed, the control circuit controls the pre-charging circuit to be connected to perform the pre-charging function on the lithium battery pack, and after the pre-charging is completed, the control circuit controls the main charging circuit to perform the main charging function to formally charge the lithium battery pack.

[0019] Further, in the case that the protection board is not configured with the communication function with the charging device, the intelligent control unit is configured to: when the device access monitoring result is that the charging device is detected to be accessed, ensure that the discharging unit is disconnected, control the pre-charging circuit to be connected to perform the pre-charging function on the lithium battery pack, and after the pre-charging is completed, control the main charging circuit to perform the main charging function to formally charge the lithium battery pack, so as to support the single-battery charging mode in the parking state.

[0020] Further, the external load is a vehicle load, and the vehicle load includes a vehicle controller.

[0021] The protection board is configured with an external communication module for communicating with the vehicle controller and the charging device, and the external communication module is configured to: interact with the vehicle controller to obtain vehicle state data, and interact with the charging device to obtain charging device data.

[0022] The central control module is connected to the external communication module and further includes:

[0023] The vehicle running monitoring unit is configured to obtain the vehicle state data and monitor the vehicle running state.

[0024] The charging device identification unit is configured to identify the type of the charging device according to the charging device data.

[0025] The battery state monitoring unit is configured to obtain the battery state data of the lithium battery pack.

[0026] The intelligent control unit is connected to the vehicle running monitoring unit, the charging device identification unit, and the battery state monitoring unit, and is configured to: control the on-off of the charging unit and the discharging unit based on the vehicle running state, the battery state data, and the type of the charging device to support the corresponding power supply mode.

[0027] Further, in the case that the external communication module is enabled, when the device access monitoring result is that the charging device is not detected to be accessed, the intelligent control unit is configured to:

[0028] When the vehicle running state is in the driving state, the driving single-battery power supply mode is supported, in which only the lithium battery pack supplies power to the vehicle load.

[0029] When the vehicle running state is in the driving braking state, the driving single-braking feedback charging mode is supported, in which the discharging unit recovers the driving braking energy into the lithium battery pack.

[0030] Furthermore, when the external communication module is enabled, if the device access monitoring result indicates that a charging device has been detected, and the charging device is powered by AC power, the intelligent control unit is used to:

[0031] The system sends an ignition lock request to the vehicle controller via an external communication module. After the vehicle ignition is locked, it supports both a single-charging mode where the mains power charges the lithium battery pack via the charging unit and a single-power supply mode where the lithium battery pack supplies power to the vehicle load.

[0032] Furthermore, battery status data includes battery charge and allowable charging current, while vehicle status data also includes the current requirement for vehicle operation.

[0033] When the external communication module is enabled, and the device access monitoring result indicates that a charging device has been detected, and the type of charging device is an on-board charging device, and the vehicle is in a driving state, the intelligent control unit is used to:

[0034] When the battery charge is greater than the charge threshold, the vehicle supports a pure battery power supply mode in which only the lithium battery pack supplies power to the vehicle load.

[0035] When the battery charge is not greater than the charge threshold and the allowable charging current is less than the current requirement, a hybrid power supply mode is supported in which the charging equipment and the lithium battery pack simultaneously supply power to the vehicle load.

[0036] When the battery charge is not greater than the charge threshold and the allowable charging current is equal to the current demand value, the peripheral pure power supply mode is supported for the charging device to power the vehicle load.

[0037] When the battery charge is not greater than the charge threshold and the allowable charging current is greater than the current requirement, a hybrid charging and power supply mode is supported for the charging device to charge the lithium battery pack and power the vehicle load.

[0038] Furthermore, when the external communication module is enabled, if the device access monitoring result indicates that a charging device has been detected, and the type of charging device is an on-board charging device, and the vehicle is in a parked, idling state with the power on, the intelligent control unit is used to:

[0039] When the vehicle is operating without load, it supports an idle charging mode where the charging equipment only charges the lithium battery pack.

[0040] Furthermore, when the external communication module is enabled, if the device access monitoring result indicates that a charging device has been detected, and the type of charging device is an on-board charging device, and the vehicle is in a driving braking state, the intelligent control unit is used to support a hybrid charging mode where the charging device charges the lithium battery pack and recovers driving braking energy into the lithium battery pack.

[0041] Further, the protection plate is also provided with a network connection module, and the network connection module is connected with the central control module;

[0042] The network connection module comprises a T-BOX device, and the T-BOX device is integrated with a GPS positioning module.

[0043] The T-BOX device is used for:

[0044] uploading the positioning data, the battery state data collected by the central control module and the vehicle state data to a data management platform.

[0045] The beneficial technical effects of the present application are that by introducing a charging and discharging pre-charging circuit independent of the original vehicle controller, safe and reliable power-on and power-off processes can be realized even without communication, effectively avoiding the risk of damage to circuit elements due to the lack of a pre-charging step. This design ensures that even after replacing the battery, the system can still automatically complete the necessary pre-charging process, thereby protecting the circuit elements from the impact of high current, and the actual compatibility is high, which can meet the diversified market demand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is an electrical architecture schematic diagram of a lithium battery integrated protection plate of the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a static mode schematic diagram of a non-charging and discharging of a lithium battery integrated protection plate of the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 It is a mode schematic diagram of a charging device of a lithium battery integrated protection plate of the present application charging a lithium battery pack;

[0049] Figure 4 It is a mode schematic diagram of a charging device of a lithium battery integrated protection plate of the present application charging a lithium battery pack and supplying power to a vehicle load;

[0050] Figure 5 It is a mode schematic diagram of a charging device of a lithium battery integrated protection plate of the present application and a lithium battery pack jointly supplying power to a vehicle load;

[0051] Figure 6 It is a mode schematic diagram of a lithium battery integrated protection plate of the present application, in which a lithium battery pack supplies power to a vehicle load;

[0052] Figure 7 It is a mode schematic diagram of a lithium battery integrated protection plate of the present application, in which a regenerative braking energy is recovered;

[0053] Figure 8A charging equipment of a lithium battery integrated protection plate of the application is a mode schematic diagram for charging a lithium battery pack and recovering energy of a running brake;

[0054] Figure 9 A charging equipment of a lithium battery integrated protection plate of the application is a mode schematic diagram for supplying power to a whole vehicle load;

[0055] Figure 10 A charging equipment of a lithium battery integrated protection plate of the application is a mode schematic diagram for recovering energy of a running brake;

[0056] Figure 11 A module schematic diagram of a central control module of a lithium battery integrated protection plate of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0058] It should be noted that the embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0059] The application will be further described below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, but the application is not limited by the embodiments.

[0060] Referring to Figure 1 The application provides a lithium battery integrated protection plate, comprising:

[0061] An input and output interface is used for connecting a lithium battery pack, a charging equipment and an external load;

[0062] A safety monitoring module 3 is used for collecting battery state data of the lithium battery pack;

[0063] A charge and discharge module 2 is connected to the input and output interface and comprises a charge and discharge pre-charging unit and a main charge and discharge unit;

[0064] A central control module 1 is connected to the input and output interface, the safety monitoring module 3 and the charge and discharge module 2 respectively and is used for: controlling on and off of the charge and discharge pre-charging unit and the main charge and discharge unit according to the battery state data, an access situation of the charging equipment, an access situation of the external load and vehicle state data, so as to realize a discharge pre-charging function, a main discharge function, a charge pre-charging function and a main charge function.

[0065] The protection plate of the application is applied to electrically driven vehicles such as two-wheeled vehicles, three-wheeled vehicles and the like.

[0066] The input / output interface provides access interfaces for the lithium battery pack, the charging device, the external load and the battery state detector, and makes it possible for data acquisition and device access monitoring.

[0067] By introducing a charge-discharge pre-charge circuit independent of the original vehicle controller, it is ensured that safe and reliable power-on and power-off procedures can be realized without communication, effectively avoiding the risk of damage to circuit components due to the lack of pre-charge steps. This design ensures that even after replacing the battery, the system can still automatically complete the necessary pre-charge process, thereby protecting the circuit components from the impact of high current.

[0068] Referring to Figure 11 Further, the charge-discharge pre-charge unit includes an independent charge pre-charge circuit and an independent discharge pre-charge circuit, and the main charge-discharge unit includes an independent main discharge circuit and a main charge circuit;

[0069] The charge pre-charge circuit and the main charge circuit form a charging unit 2a, and the discharge pre-charge circuit and the main discharge circuit form a discharging unit 2b;

[0070] The central control module 1 includes:

[0071] The device access monitoring unit 101 is configured to monitor the access situation of the charging device and the access situation of the external load, and obtain a device access monitoring result.

[0072] The intelligent control unit 102 is connected to the device access monitoring unit 101 and is configured to:

[0073] When the device access monitoring result indicates that an external load is detected to be connected, and the external load is initially connected, the discharge pre-charge circuit is controlled to be turned on to perform a discharge pre-charge function on the external load, and after the discharge pre-charge is completed, the main discharge circuit is controlled to be turned on to perform a main discharge function to supply power to the external load formally.

[0074] When the device access monitoring result indicates that a charging device is detected to be connected, and the lithium battery pack is initially charged, the charge pre-charge circuit is controlled to be turned on to perform a charge pre-charge function on the lithium battery pack, and after the charge pre-charge is completed, the main charge circuit is controlled to be turned on to perform a main charge function to charge the lithium battery pack formally.

[0075] The input and output port includes BAT+, BAT-, collection input interface, PW+, PW0-, PWI-, interactive output, which correspond to battery input main positive interface, battery input main negative interface, temperature / voltage / insulation collection input combination interface, external charging and discharging positive interface, external discharging negative interface, external charging negative interface, and external communication module, respectively. In addition, the protection board is also provided with an interactive output peripheral power supply interface, which provides power for external loads to meet power demand. When the protection board is configured with the external communication module 8, the external communication module 8 is mainly responsible for interacting information with external devices such as charging devices and vehicle loads. The external communication module 8 can be compatible with common one-line communication (ISDN / N-ISDN), Modbus (a kind of serial communication protocol), CANbus (Controller Area Network), serial port and other communication modes, and has a multi-protocol interactive translation function.

[0076] Specifically, the charging pre-charging circuit includes a charging pre-charging MOS tube 22 and a charging pre-charging resistor 21. The two ends of the charging pre-charging circuit are connected with the battery input main negative interface BAT- and the external charging negative interface PWI-, respectively.

[0077] Specifically, the discharging pre-charging circuit includes a discharging pre-charging MOS tube 26 and a discharging pre-charging resistor 25. The two ends of the discharging pre-charging circuit are connected with the battery input main negative interface BAT- and the external discharging negative interface PW0-, respectively.

[0078] The main discharging circuit includes a discharging MOS tube group 24. The two ends of the main discharging circuit are connected with the battery input main negative interface BAT- and the external discharging negative interface PW0-, respectively.

[0079] The main charging circuit includes a charging MOS tube group 23. The two ends of the main charging circuit are connected with the battery input main negative interface BAT- and the external charging negative interface PWI-, respectively.

[0080] The independent pre-charging circuit can effectively avoid the occurrence of sparking, and support double independent use, such as the power-on load charging use scene in the charging working state.

[0081] The intelligent control unit 102 mainly realizes the functions of power-on and power-off control, charging and discharging control, battery balancing, fault diagnosis and the like by collecting, summarizing, analyzing and calculating the data of the input interface, and coordinating and controlling each circuit unit of the protection board to ensure the logical operation of the entire circuit.

[0082] The central control module includes an intelligent power distribution unit 103, which is mainly responsible for the power distribution and protection of each circuit unit of each protection board.

[0083] The safety monitoring module 3 includes a temperature collection unit 31, a voltage collection unit 32 and a current collection unit 33.

[0084] The battery state data includes monomer cell temperature information, monomer cell voltage, and current data.

[0085] The temperature acquisition unit 31 is responsible for collecting the monomer cell temperature information of the lithium battery pack. The central control module analyzes the thermal runaway based on the monomer cell temperature information to avoid the risk of thermal runaway.

[0086] The voltage acquisition unit 32 is responsible for collecting the monomer cell voltage. The central control module analyzes the battery balancing based on the monomer cell voltage to avoid overcharging and overdischarging.

[0087] The current acquisition unit 33 is used to monitor the current data. The central control module controls the charging and discharging based on the current data to avoid damage to the battery caused by overcharging and overdischarging as well as current fluctuations.

[0088] In addition, the safety monitoring module also includes a fuse 36, a temperature switch 35, and an insulation detection unit 34. The fuse 36 serves as the last line of defense for hardware short circuit protection, which can effectively avoid the impact of external main loop short circuit failure on the battery in extreme cases. It is designed to be replaceable and detachable on the protection board, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement.

[0089] The temperature switch 35 can effectively protect the external main loop circuit. When the temperature of the charging and discharging external loop is too high, the cell temperature protection cannot be triggered. At this time, the temperature switch 35 can disconnect the main loop in time to avoid further wire harness heat melting loss. The fuse and the temperature switch are connected in series on the connection loop between the battery input main positive interface BAT+ and the external charging and discharging common positive interface PW+.

[0090] The insulation detection unit 34 detects the battery leakage information, which can effectively avoid the negative impact of unexpected leakage and protect the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0091] The temperature acquisition unit 31, the voltage acquisition unit 32, and the insulation detection unit 34 obtain the corresponding monomer cell temperature signal, monomer cell voltage signal, and insulation detection signal through the temperature / voltage / insulation acquisition input combination interface, process the data such as monomer cell temperature information and monomer cell voltage, and deliver them to the central control module 1.

[0092] The input of this design is a lithium battery pack. The battery passes through the BAT+ input, and after passing through the fuse 36 and the temperature switch 35, it is output to the external charging and discharging common positive interface PW+ for power consumption. The battery passes through the BAT- input and is connected to the charging unit and the discharging unit through the current acquisition unit 33. Since the charging unit and the discharging unit have independent combination MOS switches and pre-charging circuits, they can effectively avoid the risk of power-on and power-off without communication, and support subsequent expansion.

[0093] The charging port can be expanded to introduce a multi-type energy charging device such as abandoned light, abandoned wind, abandoned hydrogen, and the like in parallel with the lithium battery pack, and the whole can realize static mode, single charging / idling charging, driving charging, external power supply, hybrid power supply, pure electric power supply, feedback charging, and hybrid charging multiple working modes, realize electric hybrid multi-energy mode, multiple working mode, and multiple scene application, which are described in detail as follows.

[0094] In addition, the protection plate of the present application is also provided with an auxiliary module 7, such as a touch display panel and / or a state indicating lamp, and also includes auxiliary devices such as a buzzer.

[0095] The auxiliary module 7 is connected to the central control module 1 and mainly serves as an auxiliary function. The state indicating lamp can provide necessary visual identification of the state, identify battery information, etc., such as identifying the battery capacity, or design other types of display panels, integrate a buzzer for alarm, etc.

[0096] Further, in the case where the protection plate is not configured with the communication function with the charging device, the intelligent control unit 102 is configured to: when the device access monitoring result is that the charging device is monitored to exist, ensure that the discharging unit is disconnected, control the charging pre-charging circuit to connect to perform the charging pre-charging function on the lithium battery pack, and after the charging pre-charging is completed, control the main charging circuit to perform the main charging function to formally charge the lithium battery pack, so as to support the single battery charging mode in the parking state. The single charging mode is shown in Figure 3 The charging device 9 charges the lithium battery pack 11 through the charging unit 2a, and the discharging unit 2b is disconnected and does not supply power to the vehicle load 10. It should be noted that, Figures 2-8 The external power supply in the charging device 9 refers to a device that provides power to the charging device 9. The external power supply of the charging device 9 indicates that the power of the charging device 9 comes from the external power supply.

[0097] As shown in Figure 10 Whether the protection plate is configured with the external communication module for communication with the charging device and the vehicle controller, when the vehicle load is accessed for the first time and is not disconnected, the discharging pre-charging is performed first, and then the normal power supply is performed. When the charging device is accessed to charge the lithium battery pack, the charging pre-charging is also performed first, and then the normal charging is performed, so as to avoid the sparking phenomenon and reduce the potential risk.

[0098] Specifically, in the case where the protection board is not configured with a communication function for communicating with the charging device and the vehicle controller, after the protection board is connected to the vehicle load for the first time, the middle control module of the protection board meets the load activation condition due to the existence of the electric drive load at the back end, and the protection circuit actively performs pre-charging. By limiting the current in the circuit through a discharge pre-charging resistor, the load capacitor voltage is lifted to a safe voltage value close to the battery voltage by a small current, and then the discharge MOS tube group is closed to complete the power-on, while the discharge pre-charging MOS tube is simultaneously opened, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of sparking. After this power-on process is completed, the system enters a normal power supply state. At this time, when the vehicle load is connected without communication, the single-battery discharge mode during driving is supported, as shown in FIG. 8. Figure 6 Specifically, in the case where the protection board is not configured with a communication function for communicating with the charging device and the vehicle controller, after the protection board is connected to the vehicle load for the first time, the middle control module of the protection board meets the load activation condition due to the existence of the electric drive load at the back end, and the protection circuit actively performs pre-charging. By limiting the current in the circuit through a discharge pre-charging resistor, the load capacitor voltage is lifted to a safe voltage value close to the battery voltage by a small current, and then the discharge MOS tube group is closed to complete the power-on, while the discharge pre-charging MOS tube is simultaneously opened, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of sparking. After this power-on process is completed, the system enters a normal power supply state. At this time, when the vehicle load is connected without communication, the single-battery discharge mode during driving is supported, as shown in FIG. 8. Figure 3

[0099] Further, the external load is a vehicle load, and the vehicle load includes a vehicle controller;

[0100] The protection board is configured with an external communication module 8 for communicating with the vehicle controller and the charging device, and the external communication module 8 is used to interact with the vehicle controller to obtain vehicle state data and interact with the charging device to obtain charging device data;

[0101] The middle control module 1 is connected to the external communication module 8 and further includes:

[0102] The vehicle operation monitoring unit 104 is used to obtain vehicle state data and monitor the vehicle operation state;

[0103] The charging device identification unit 105 is used to identify the type of the charging device according to the charging device data;

[0104] The battery state monitoring unit 106 is used to obtain battery state data of the lithium battery pack;

[0105] The intelligent control unit 102 is connected to the vehicle operation monitoring unit 104, the charging device identification unit 105, and the battery state monitoring unit 106, respectively, and is used to control the on-off of the charging unit and the discharging unit based on the vehicle operation state, the battery state data, and the type of the charging device to support the corresponding charging and power supply mode.

[0106] ​Further, in the case of enabling the external communication module 8, when the device access monitoring result is that no charging device 9 is accessed, the intelligent control unit 102 is used for:

[0107] When the vehicle operating state is in the driving state, the driving single battery power supply mode of supporting only the lithium battery pack 11 to supply power to the vehicle load 10 is supported, as shown in Figure 6

[0108] When the vehicle operating state is in the driving brake state, the driving single brake feedback charging mode of supporting the discharge unit 2b to recover the driving brake energy into the lithium battery pack 11 is supported, as shown in Figure 7

[0109] In the case of being configured with the external communication module 8, after the device access monitoring unit 101 monitors the first access load, it will first monitor whether there is a charging device 9 access. If there is no charging device 9 access, it is detected whether the rear-end vehicle load 10 is disconnected. If it is disconnected, no action is taken. If it is not disconnected, the discharge pre-charge is performed for the vehicle load 10. After the discharge pre-charge is completed, the main discharge function is executed to complete the power-on and formally supply power to the vehicle load 10. The vehicle can be normally used in the formal power supply case. At this time, the central control module 1 supports the driving single battery power supply mode. The vehicle controller has a driving brake feedback function. In the driving brake state, the central control module 1 controls the discharge unit to recover the driving brake energy to charge the lithium battery. At this time, the central control module 1 supports the driving single brake feedback charging mode. If the access of the charging device 9 is detected, the type of the charging device 9 is obtained according to the interaction between the external communication module 8 and the charging device, and the charging and power supply mode is determined according to the type, which is specifically described below.

[0110] Further, in the case of enabling the external communication module 8, when the device access monitoring result is that no charging device 9 is accessed, the intelligent control unit 102 is used for:

[0111] The external communication module 8 sends a door lock request to the vehicle controller, and after the vehicle door is locked, the door lock single charging mode of supporting the mains to charge the lithium battery pack 11 through the charging unit 2a and the door lock single power supply mode of supporting the lithium battery pack 11 to supply power to the vehicle load 10 are supported.

[0112] If the mains charging access is detected, the central control module 1 communicates with the vehicle controller to request the vehicle to lock the door. At this time, the vehicle cannot drive because the door is locked, but other loads can work. The mains can charge the lithium battery pack 11, and the lithium battery pack 11 can still supply power to the vehicle load 10.

[0113] Further, the battery state data includes the battery capacity and the allowed charging current, and the vehicle state data further includes the current demand value of the vehicle driving.​​

[0114] In the case of enabling the external communication module 8, when the device access monitoring result is that the charging device 9 is detected to be accessed, and the type of the charging device 9 is a vehicle-mounted charging device, and the vehicle running state is a driving state, the intelligent control unit 102 is configured to:

[0115] When the battery capacity is greater than the capacity threshold, the driving pure battery power supply mode is supported, in which only the lithium battery pack 11 supplies power to the vehicle load 10, as shown in FIG. 5. Figure 6

[0116] When the battery capacity is not greater than the capacity threshold, and the allowed charging current is less than the current demand value, the hybrid power supply mode is supported, in which the charging device 9 and the lithium battery pack 11 supply power to the vehicle load 10 at the same time, as shown in FIG. 6. Figure 5

[0117] When the battery capacity is not greater than the capacity threshold, and the allowed charging current is equal to the current demand value, the external pure power supply mode is supported, in which the charging device supplies power to the vehicle load, as shown in FIG. 7. Figure 9

[0118] When the battery capacity is not greater than the capacity threshold, and the allowed charging current is greater than the current demand value, the external charging and power supply hybrid mode is supported, in which the charging device charges the lithium battery pack and supplies power to the vehicle load, as shown in FIG. 8. Figure 4

[0119] The vehicle-mounted charging device is, for example, a vehicle-mounted wind energy source, a light energy source, or a hydrogen energy device. When the battery capacity is greater than the capacity threshold, it indicates that the battery capacity of the lithium battery pack 11 is still relatively high, and the control module 1 does not connect the charging unit to charge the lithium battery. If the battery capacity is not greater than the capacity threshold, at this time, the capacity of the lithium battery pack is reduced, and the control module 1 can control the charging unit 2a to be connected to charge the lithium battery pack 11. In the case of allowing charging, the control module 1 first controls the closing of the charging pre-charging MOS tube, and after the charging pre-charging is completed, the closing of the charging MOS tube group is executed to perform the main charging function, and the charging pre-charging MOS tube is simultaneously disconnected, to realize the charging access.

[0120] In the first access to the load, and after detecting that the charging device 9 is accessed, it is still necessary to detect whether the rear-end vehicle load 10 is disconnected. If the vehicle load 10 is not disconnected, the vehicle load 10 is first discharged and pre-charged, and then the main discharging function is executed, to realize the normal power supply to the vehicle load 10. The charging unit 2a and the discharging unit 2b can be independently connected or disconnected.

[0121] ​​​​With the battery power decreases, below the power threshold, central control module 1 judge to allow charging, control charging unit 2a complete closure, at this time the vehicle charging equipment starts to charge the battery. When the charging device 9 in the vehicle, the allowable charging current of lithium battery pack 11 is lower than the vehicle running demand, the charging device 9 can be together with lithium battery pack 11 at the same time for the whole vehicle load 10 power supply, to reduce the power loss of lithium battery pack, that is, support the hybrid power supply mode of whole vehicle load power supply.

[0122] When the charging device 9 in the vehicle, the allowable charging current of lithium battery pack 11 is equal to the vehicle running demand, the charging device 9 directly supplies power to the whole vehicle load, saving the power of lithium battery pack 11, that is, support the pure power supply mode of external device.

[0123] When the charging device 9 in the vehicle, the allowable charging current of lithium battery pack 11 is greater than the vehicle running demand, the charging device 9 supplies power to the whole vehicle load 10 and charges the lithium battery pack 11, that is, support the hybrid charging mode of external device.

[0124] Further, in the case of enabling the external communication module 8, when the device access monitoring result is that the charging device 9 is monitored to exist, and the type of the charging device 9 is the vehicle charging device, and the vehicle running state is the parking and non-power-off idle state, the intelligent control unit 102 is used for:

[0125] When the vehicle is not loaded, the idle charging mode of the charging device 9 charging the lithium battery pack 11 is supported.

[0126] The vehicle is in the parking and non-power-off idle state, and there is no other load working at the whole vehicle end. At this time, the charging device only charges the battery, that is, the idle charging mode is supported, as shown in Figure 3

[0127] Further, in the case of enabling the external communication module 8, when the device access monitoring result is that the charging device 9 is monitored to exist, and the type of the charging device 9 is the vehicle charging device, and the vehicle running state is the running brake state, the intelligent control unit 102 is used to support the hybrid charging mode of the charging device 9 charging the lithium battery pack 11 and recovering the running brake energy into the lithium battery pack, as shown in Figure 8

[0128] When the vehicle is running, if the original vehicle has a brake feedback function, when the charging device charges and triggers brake energy recovery, the charging device and the brake feedback together charge the battery, that is, the hybrid charging mode is supported.

[0129] Further, the protection board is also provided with a network connection module, and the network connection module is connected with the central control module 1;

[0130] ​​The network connection module includes a T-BOX device 4, the T-BOX device 4 is integrated with a GPS positioning module, and the GPS positioning module acquires positioning data.

[0131] The T-BOX device 4 is used for:

[0132] Uploading the recorded data such as the positioning data, the battery state data and the vehicle state data collected by the central control module to a data management platform.

[0133] The data management platform is, for example, a cloud.

[0134] Specifically, the T-BOX device 4 is integrated with a GPS / Beidou positioning function, the T-BOX device 4 is mainly used for data recording and cloud communication interaction, and based on this, the terminal user can realize cloud monitoring and cloud instruction issuing and control functions.

[0135] The UPS device 5 is an uninterruptible power supply integrated in the network connection module, which guarantees the basic control power supply and facilitates cloud wake-up and related cloud control functions.

[0136] The DC / DC module 6 is mainly responsible for converting the total voltage of the lithium battery pack into the working voltage required by the protection board, and at the same time, it is connected in parallel with the UPS device 5 to supply power to the working circuits of the protection board.

[0137] The intelligent power distribution unit 103 is built-in with an operation MCU and a communication unit, and together with the UPS device 5 and the DC / DC module 6, it realizes power distribution control of each circuit of the protection board. The intelligent power distribution unit 103 interacts with the T-BOX device 4 through the built-in communication unit, and timely and quickly uploads the data of the temperature acquisition unit 31, the voltage acquisition unit 32 and other acquisition units to the intelligent control unit for data analysis.

[0138] The intelligent power distribution unit 103 also quickly uploads the collected data and the analysis data generated by the intelligent control unit to the data management platform through the T-BOX device 4 through the built-in communication unit, and the battery manufacturer or the host manufacturer realizes the functions of data collection, analysis, warning and the like on the background server, and the terminal user can realize cloud viewing information and cloud control operation on the related interface or APP.

[0139] Specifically, the recorded data uploaded by the T-BOX device 4 to the data management platform includes positioning data, driving track formed according to the positioning data, geographic fence driving in and out records, real-time records of the latitude, longitude, speed and driving direction of the protection board (i.e. connected battery, connected vehicle).

[0140] In addition, the T-BOX device 4 is also configured with a geographic fence, and whether the battery (vehicle) enters or leaves the preset geographic area is recorded according to the positioning data and the set geographic fence. The geographic fence is mainly configured through the data management platform and then issued to the T-BOX device.

[0141] Specifically, the record data uploaded by the T-BOX device 4 to the data management platform further includes battery state data, including battery charging and discharging voltage, charging and discharging current, single cell temperature, current battery capacity, etc. The battery state data further includes battery fault data, such as fault code, fault occurrence time, fault type, etc.

[0142] Specifically, the record data uploaded by the T-BOX device 4 to the data management platform further includes vehicle operation data, i.e., vehicle driving data of the vehicle loaded with the lithium battery pack, including current moving speed (vehicle speed), battery charging and discharging time (vehicle use time), etc.

[0143] Specifically, the record data uploaded by the T-BOX device 4 to the data management platform further includes driving behavior data, such as frequency of getting on and off the vehicle, rapid acceleration (instantaneous large current), rapid braking (instantaneous backflow current), etc.

[0144] The T-BOX device 4 can also accept remote control instructions of the data management platform, such as the cloud, to realize remote control and management of the battery and the vehicle. This is a way for the end user / administrator to actively issue remote control instructions to obtain information other than the current battery capacity and current current information of the battery (vehicle). For example, the real-time position of the vehicle (battery) or the driving track of the vehicle (battery) is obtained through the cloud. For example, the current or historical fault information of the battery is obtained by issuing a diagnosis instruction. The actively issued remote control instructions also include remote control of the vehicle buzzer horn, remote control of the vehicle headlight switch, remote control of the vehicle getting on and off, etc.

[0145] In addition, the data management platform can analyze the data uploaded by the T-BOX device, trigger the supervision logic condition when there is a target exception, actively issue a power-off instruction to control the power-off of the charging and discharging module, and form a warning information to the auxiliary module of the protection board for warning. The target exception includes, for example, that the lithium battery pack is not authorized by the data management platform, that the charging and discharging mode is not allowed, or that the battery box is disassembled in an unconventional way, etc. According to the specific target exception type, the charging unit is disconnected to prevent the charging device from supplying power to the lithium battery pack, or the discharging unit is disconnected to prevent the lithium battery pack from supplying power to the vehicle load, i.e., to prevent the vehicle from driving.

[0146] In addition, if the user finds that the vehicle is stolen, the data management platform can also issue a power-off instruction to control the power-off of the charging and discharging module, issue a warning information for warning, and issue an instruction to obtain the current positioning data, etc.

[0147] In addition, the data management platform can also send OTA instructions to the T-BOX device 4 to remotely update the software system on the vehicle and the central control module.

[0148] As a specific application embodiment 1 of the present application, A user is a remote user, and needs to help B user find the current location of the vehicle. A user uses the control page to find the vehicle positioning. The T-BOX device 4 in the network connection module is in a sleep state but can be awakened at any time under the power support of the existing UPS device 5, at this time, the built-in networking function receives the cloud wake-up demand, judges that it is a request for positioning information, and after the T-BOX device 4 calls the built-in positioning function, the positioning data is sent to the cloud platform through networking, and the remote user gets the vehicle positioning information after the remote information is synchronized.

[0149] As a specific application embodiment 2 of the present application, B user arrives at the target area according to the positioning, and cannot quickly identify the target vehicle due to too many vehicles, and requests user A for further support. A user controls the vehicle buzzer and turns on the headlight through the control interface. After the network connection module wakes up the T-BOX device 4, it recognizes the demand of user A, and wakes up the central control module under the power supply of the UPS device 5. The intelligent control unit in the central control module analyzes the interaction data and controls the DC / DC module 6 to enable and work. After the DC / DC module 6 works, the intelligent control unit interacts with the intelligent power distribution unit, and separately closes the buzzer and the headlight MOS tube, and the two work in succession, so that user B quickly identifies the vehicle.

[0150] The present application solves the problem of the timing sequence of the power-on and power-off control of the lithium battery after battery replacement without communication, and avoids the risk of no pre-charging power-on. By introducing a charging and discharging pre-charging circuit independent of the original vehicle controller, it ensures that the safe and reliable power-on and power-off process can be realized even without communication, effectively avoiding the risk of circuit component damage due to the lack of pre-charging step. This design ensures that even after replacing the battery, the system can still automatically complete the necessary pre-charging process, thereby protecting the circuit components from the impact of high current. And it expands to support electric hybrid multi-energy mode, multiple working modes, and multiple scene applications. The battery management system can better adapt to different types of electric vehicles and their diverse operating conditions. Even in the absence of direct communication, users can accurately obtain key information about the new lithium battery, such as the state of charge and health, greatly improving user satisfaction and trust. Comprehensive display of interaction information not only enhances the user's understanding of the current state of the vehicle. The modular design concept is adopted, and the entire system can be easily adjusted and configured according to actual needs to meet the needs of various application scenarios. Through seamless integration with the cloud platform, remote monitoring, data analysis, and fault warning functions are realized.

[0151] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the implementation and protection scope of the present application. For those skilled in the art, it should be realized that any equivalent replacement and obvious changes made by applying the contents of the present application specification and drawings should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated protection board for lithium batteries, characterized in that, include: Input / output interfaces are used to connect lithium battery packs, charging devices, and external loads; The safety monitoring module is used to collect battery status data of the lithium battery pack; The charging and discharging module is connected to the input / output interface and includes a pre-charge unit and a main charging and discharging unit. The central control module is connected to the input / output interface, the safety monitoring module, and the charging / discharging module, respectively. It is used to control the conduction and disconnection of the charging / discharging pre-charge unit and the main charging / discharging unit based on the battery status data, the connection status of the charging equipment, the connection status of the external load, and the vehicle status data, so as to realize the discharge pre-charge function, the main discharge function, the charging pre-charge function, and the main charging function.

2. The lithium battery integrated protection board as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-charge unit includes an independent pre-charge circuit and an independent pre-charge circuit, and the main charge / discharge unit includes an independent main discharge circuit and a main charge circuit. The charging pre-charging circuit and the main charging circuit form a charging unit, and the discharging pre-charging circuit and the main discharging circuit form a discharging unit; The central control module includes: The device access monitoring unit is used to monitor the access status of the charging device and the access status of the external load, and obtain the device access monitoring results. The intelligent control unit, connected to the device access monitoring unit, is used for: When the device access monitoring result indicates that an external load has been detected, when powering the initially connected external load, the discharge pre-charge circuit is controlled to be turned on to perform the discharge pre-charge function for the external load. After the discharge pre-charge is completed, the main discharge circuit is controlled to be turned on to perform the main discharge function to formally power the external load. When the device access monitoring result indicates that a charging device has been detected, the lithium battery pack is initially charged by controlling the pre-charging circuit to perform the pre-charging function. After the pre-charging is completed, the main charging circuit is controlled to perform the main charging function to formally charge the lithium battery pack.

3. The lithium battery integrated protection board as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the protection board is not configured with communication function with the charging device, the intelligent control unit is used to: ensure that the discharge unit is disconnected when the device access monitoring result indicates that a charging device has been detected, and control the charging pre-charging circuit to be connected to perform the charging pre-charging function for the lithium battery pack. After the charging pre-charging is completed, control the main charging circuit to perform the main charging function to formally charge the lithium battery pack to support the parking single battery charging mode.

4. The lithium battery integrated protection board as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The external load is the vehicle load, which includes the vehicle controller; The protection board is equipped with an external communication module for communicating with the vehicle controller and the charging equipment. The external communication module is used to: interact with the vehicle controller to obtain vehicle status data, and interact with the charging equipment to obtain charging equipment data. The central control module, connected to the external communication module, further includes: The vehicle operation monitoring unit is used to acquire the vehicle status data and monitor the vehicle operation status. A charging device identification unit is used to identify the type of the charging device based on the charging device data. A battery status monitoring unit is used to acquire the battery status data of the lithium battery pack. The intelligent control unit is connected to the vehicle operation monitoring unit, the charging device identification unit, and the battery status monitoring unit, respectively, and is used to control the on / off state of the charging unit and the discharging unit based on the vehicle operation status, the battery status data, and the type of the charging device to support the corresponding charging and power supply modes.

5. The lithium battery integrated protection board as described in claim 4, characterized in that, When the external communication module is enabled, and the device access monitoring result indicates that no charging device access is detected, the intelligent control unit is used to: When the vehicle is in a driving state, it supports a single-battery power supply mode in which only the lithium battery pack supplies power to the vehicle load. When the vehicle is in a driving braking state, the discharge unit supports a driving single-braking regenerative charging mode to recover driving braking energy into the lithium battery pack.

6. The lithium battery integrated protection board as described in claim 4, characterized in that, When the external communication module is enabled, and the device access monitoring result indicates that a charging device has been detected, and the charging device is of mains power type, the intelligent control unit is used to: The external communication module sends an ignition lock request to the vehicle controller, and after the vehicle ignition is locked, it supports a single charging mode where the mains power charges the lithium battery pack through the charging unit and a single power supply mode where the lithium battery pack supplies power to the vehicle load.

7. The lithium battery integrated protection board as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The battery status data includes battery charge and allowable charging current, and the vehicle status data also includes the current requirement for vehicle operation. When the external communication module is enabled, and the device access monitoring result indicates that a charging device has been detected, and the type of the charging device is an on-board charging device, and the vehicle is in a driving state, the intelligent control unit is used to: When the battery charge is greater than the charge threshold, a pure battery power supply mode is supported, in which only the lithium battery pack supplies power to the vehicle load. When the battery charge is not greater than the charge threshold and the allowable charging current is less than the current requirement, a hybrid power supply mode is supported in which the charging device and the lithium battery pack simultaneously supply power to the vehicle load. When the battery charge is not greater than the charge threshold and the allowable charging current is equal to the current requirement, the peripheral pure power supply mode for the charging device to supply power to the vehicle load is supported. When the battery charge is not greater than the charge threshold and the allowable charging current is greater than the current requirement, a hybrid charging and power supply mode is supported whereby the charging device charges the lithium battery pack and supplies power to the vehicle load.

8. The lithium battery integrated protection board as described in claim 7, characterized in that, When the external communication module is enabled, and the device access monitoring result indicates that a charging device has been detected, and the type of the charging device is an on-board charging device, and the vehicle's operating state is a parked, idling state with the power on, the intelligent control unit is used to: When the vehicle is operating without load, the charging device supports an idle charging mode in which it charges only the lithium battery pack.

9. The lithium battery integrated protection board as described in claim 7, characterized in that, When the external communication module is enabled, and the device access monitoring result indicates that a charging device has been detected, and the type of the charging device is an on-board charging device, and the vehicle is in a driving braking state, the intelligent control unit is used to support a hybrid charging mode in which the charging device charges the lithium battery pack and recovers driving braking energy into the lithium battery pack.

10. The lithium battery integrated protection board as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The protection board is also equipped with a network module, which is connected to the central control module; The network module includes a T-BOX device, which integrates a GPS positioning module to acquire positioning data. The T-BOX device is used for: The location data, the battery status data collected by the central control module, and the vehicle status data are uploaded to the data management platform.

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