Active and passive supporting equipment and method for lower-layer coal roadway roof of close-distance coal seam

Abstract

The invention discloses active and passive supporting equipment and method for a close-distance coal seam lower-layer coal roadway roof, and relates to the technical field of roadway supporting. The active and passive supporting equipment comprises a plurality of base adjusting supports which are symmetrically arranged in a roadway adjusting support and attached to the inner wall of a roof adjusting support; the adjusting bracket is fixed on one side, close to each other, of the base adjusting bracket; the multiple passive supporting assembly adjusting supports are arranged and hinged between the multiple base adjusting supports, and the multiple passive supporting assembly adjusting supports are connected in a hinged mode; the multiple active supporting assembly adjusting supports are arranged on the passive supporting assembly adjusting supports at equal intervals, penetrate through the passive supporting assembly adjusting supports and are connected with the top plate adjusting supports in an anchoring mode; wherein the adjusting support is a hydraulic cylinder body, the adjusting support and the base adjusting support are arranged in an inclined mode, and the inclined direction faces the inner wall of the top plate adjusting support.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of roadway support, in particular to a near-distance coal seam lower coal roadway roof active and passive support equipment and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The active and passive support of the roadway roof is a crucial safety measure in the coal mine underground roadway excavation engineering, each has different characteristics and action modes, the passive support is to bear and resist the load generated by the deformation or displacement of the surrounding rock after the deformation or displacement of the surrounding rock, so as to maintain the stability and safety of the roadway; the active support is a more active support mode, which enhances the strength and stability of the surrounding rock by applying pre-stress or changing the stress state of the surrounding rock, so as to realize the support of the roadway.

[0003] The existing active and passive support device first carries out active support through the anchor rod, and then carries out passive support through the support frame, but the active support and passive support are only used as single use, when the surrounding rock deforms, the passive support is used for stability, but at this time the support strength of the anchor rod of the active support is greatly reduced due to the deformation of the surrounding rock, thereby affecting the stability and safety of the roadway.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a near-distance coal seam lower coal roadway roof active and passive support equipment and method to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a near-distance coal seam lower coal roadway roof active and passive support equipment and method, comprising:

[0006] The base is configured as a plurality of bases, which are symmetrically arranged in the roadway, and the inner wall of the base is attached to the roof;

[0007] The adjusting bracket is fixed on one side of the base close to each other;

[0008] The passive support assembly is configured as a plurality of passive support assemblies, which are hinged between the plurality of bases, and the passive support assemblies are connected by hinging;

[0009] The active support assembly is configured as a plurality of active support assemblies, which are equally spaced on the passive support assembly, and are connected to the roof by penetrating the passive support assembly;

[0010] The adjusting bracket is a hydraulic cylinder, which is inclined between the base and the base, and the inclination direction is towards the inner wall of the roof, and the base is attached to the inner wall of the roof by the adjusting bracket.

[0011] Further, preferably, the passive support assembly comprises:

[0012] A steel frame, with hinges symmetrically fixed at both ends;

[0013] The connectors are configured in multiple ways, with one end plugged into and fixed inside the top plate, and the other end fixed inside the steel frame;

[0014] A buffer plate is slidably mounted on the connector, and a buffer spring is provided between the buffer plate and the steel frame;

[0015] A reinforcing plate is fixed to the side of the steel frame away from the top plate;

[0016] The pressure regulating cylinder has its output ends hinged to two adjacent reinforcing plates, and the reinforcing plate adjacent to the base is also hinged to the base.

[0017] Further, preferably, the active support component includes:

[0018] Anchor bolts are slidably installed within the reinforcing plate;

[0019] Multiple pull-out resisting elements are configured and fixed at equal intervals to the anchor rod;

[0020] A locking element is threadedly connected to one end of the anchor rod;

[0021] An anchoring assembly, fixed to the other end of the anchor rod;

[0022] A self-drilling drill bit is fixed at the end of the anchoring assembly away from the anchor bolt;

[0023] The auxiliary support assembly is installed on the reinforcing plate, located between the locking member and the reinforcing plate, and is slidably connected to the anchor bolt;

[0024] The telescopic column is hinged between adjacent auxiliary support components, and the telescopic column is provided with two sliding ends, with a telescopic spring between the two sliding ends.

[0025] Furthermore, preferably, the anchor rod has multiple grouting holes, and a grout stop plug is fixed at one end of the anchor rod near the auxiliary support component. The pull-out member has a frustum structure, with its smaller diameter end facing the grout stop plug.

[0026] Further, preferably, the anchoring assembly includes:

[0027] A fixing post is fixed to the anchor rod, and a self-drilling bit is fixed to the end of the fixing post away from the anchor rod;

[0028] A sliding sleeve is slidably fitted onto the fixed column, and its outer wall is fixed with multiple reinforcing rings at equal intervals;

[0029] A pressure plate is fixed on the fixed column and located inside the sliding sleeve, and pressure springs are provided between the two ends of the pressure plate and the sliding sleeve.

[0030] Further, preferably, the auxiliary support component includes:

[0031] The fixing block is fixed to the reinforcing plate;

[0032] Multiple connecting rods are configured and symmetrically hinged to both sides of the fixed block;

[0033] Multiple connecting plates are configured and hinged to the connecting rod, and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed block. The sliding end of the telescopic column is hinged to the side of the connecting plate away from the connecting rod.

[0034] A method for using active and passive support equipment for the roof of a coal roadway in close proximity to a coal seam is characterized by the following steps:

[0035] S1. Installation of passive support components; First, hinge multiple passive support components between the bases, then install the passive support components and bases against the top plate;

[0036] S2. Support strength adjustment: Adjust the support strength of the passive support components and base to the top plate by adjusting the bracket and the pressure regulating cylinder;

[0037] S3. Anchor bolt installation: The anchor bolt is drilled through the passive support components into the top plate using a drilling rig, and then grout is injected through the grouting holes. The installation of the anchor bolt is completed after the grout has solidified.

[0038] S4. Installation of auxiliary support components: Fit the auxiliary support components onto the anchor bolts and ensure that the auxiliary support components are in contact with the reinforcement plate. Then, apply prestress to the anchor bolts using locking devices. At this point, the passive support components and the active support components are integrated as a whole, completing the installation.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for active and passive support of the roof of a coal roadway in close proximity to a coal seam, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] In this invention, the hinged connection of multiple passive support components can adapt to the deformation of the roof slab within a certain range. When the roof slab deforms, the extension and retraction of the pressure regulating cylinder can adapt to and resist these deformations, preventing the steel frame from breaking and improving the support strength. Furthermore, the interaction force formed between the anchor rods of the active support components and the roof slab enhances the load-bearing capacity of the roof slab. When the roof slab deforms, it can move synchronously with the passive support components through the auxiliary support components, thereby applying radial stress to the anchor rods during roof slab deformation, preventing the anchor rods from loosening and affecting the support effect. In addition, the anchoring components can buffer the anchor rods when the roof slab deforms, preventing the anchor rods from breaking. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an active and passive support device for the roof of a coal seam roadway in close proximity to the sub-coal seam.

[0042] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the connection of the active support components of a close-range coal seam sub-coal roadway roof active and passive support device;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the active support component structure of an active and passive support device for the roof of a near-distance coal seam roadway.

[0045] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the usage of a type of active and passive support equipment for the roof of a coal seam roadway located close to the sub-coal seam.

[0046] In the diagram: 1. Roof; 2. Tunnel; 3. Base; 4. Adjustable support; 5. Passive support assembly; 6. Active support assembly; 51. Steel frame; 52. Hinge; 53. Inserted column; 54. Buffer plate; 55. Reinforcing plate; 56. Pressure regulating cylinder; 61. Anchor bolt; 62. Pull-out member; 63. Locking member; 64. Anchoring assembly; 65. Auxiliary support assembly; 66. Telescopic column; 611. Grouting hole; 612. Grout stop plug; 641. Fixed column; 642. Sliding sleeve; 643. Reinforcing ring; 644. Pressure plate; 645. Pressure spring; 651. Fixing block; 652. Connecting rod; 653. Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0047] Reference Figures 1-5 This invention provides a technical solution: a device and method for active and passive support of the roof of a coal roadway in close proximity to a coal seam, comprising:

[0048] The base 3 is configured in multiple units, symmetrically arranged in the tunnel 2, and it is attached to the inner wall of the top plate 1;

[0049] Adjustable bracket 4 is fixed on one side of the base 3 that is close to each other;

[0050] Passive support components 5 are configured in multiples and are hinged between multiple bases 3, and all of the multiple passive support components 5 are hinged together.

[0051] Active support components 6 are configured in multiples, equidistantly arranged on the passive support components 5, and all of them penetrate the passive support components 5 and are anchored to the top plate 1.

[0052] The adjusting bracket 4 is a hydraulic cylinder, which is inclined to the base 3 and the inclination direction is towards the inner wall of the top plate 1. The base 3 is attached to the inner wall of the top plate 1 by the adjusting bracket 4.

[0053] In other words, when installing the base 3, the force is applied to the inner wall of the top plate 1 by adjusting the bracket 4, so that the base 3 can fit against the inner wall of the top plate 1, thereby providing flexible support.

[0054] In this embodiment, the passive support component 5 includes:

[0055] A steel frame 51 has hinges 52 fixed symmetrically at both ends;

[0056] Multiple connectors 53 are configured, with one end plugged into and fixed inside the top plate 1 and the other end fixed inside the steel frame 51;

[0057] A buffer plate 54 is slidably disposed on the plug-in 53, and a buffer spring is provided between the buffer plate 54 and the steel frame 51.

[0058] The reinforcing plate 55 is fixed to the side of the steel frame 51 away from the top plate 1;

[0059] The pressure regulating cylinder 56 has its output ends hinged to two adjacent reinforcing plates 55, and the reinforcing plate 55 adjacent to the base 3 is also hinged to the base 3.

[0060] Among them, the hinged connection of multiple passive support components 5 can adapt to the deformation of the top plate 1 within a certain range. When the top plate 1 deforms, the extension and retraction of the pressure regulating cylinder 56 can adapt to and resist these deformations, avoid the steel frame from breaking, and improve the support strength.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the active support component 6 includes:

[0062] Anchor bolt 61 is slidably disposed within the reinforcing plate 55;

[0063] Multiple pull-out members 62 are configured and fixed at equal intervals to the anchor rod 61;

[0064] Locking element 63 is threadedly connected to one end of the anchor rod 61;

[0065] An anchoring assembly 64 is fixed to the other end of the anchor rod 61;

[0066] A self-drilling drill bit is fixed to the end of the anchoring assembly 64 away from the anchor rod 61;

[0067] The auxiliary support component 65 is installed on the reinforcing plate 55, located between the locking member 63 and the reinforcing plate 55, and is slidably connected to the anchor rod 61;

[0068] The telescopic column 66 is hinged between adjacent auxiliary support components 65, and the telescopic column 66 is provided with two sliding ends, and a telescopic spring is provided between the two sliding ends.

[0069] In other words, the interaction force between the anchor bolt 61 of the active support component 6 and the top plate 1 enhances the bearing capacity of the top plate 1. When the top plate 1 deforms, it can move synchronously with the passive support component 5 through the auxiliary support component 65, thereby applying radial stress to the anchor bolt 61 when the top plate 1 deforms, preventing the anchor bolt 61 from loosening and affecting the support effect. Furthermore, the anchoring component 64 can buffer the anchor bolt 61 when the top plate 1 deforms, preventing the anchor bolt 61 from breaking.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, the anchor rod 61 is provided with a plurality of grouting holes 611, and a grout stop plug 612 is fixed at one end of the anchor rod 61 near the auxiliary support component 65. The pull-out member 62 is a frustum structure, with its smaller diameter end facing the grout stop plug 612.

[0071] Among them, the frustum-shaped pull-out resisting member 62 can significantly improve the pull-out resistance of the anchor bolt 61, thereby improving the support effect.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, the anchoring assembly 64 includes:

[0073] A fixing post 641 is fixed to the anchor rod 61, and a self-drilling bit is fixed to one end of the fixing post 641 away from the anchor rod 61;

[0074] The sliding sleeve 642 is slidably sleeved on the fixed post 641, and its outer wall is fixed with a plurality of reinforcing rings 643 at equal intervals;

[0075] A pressure plate 644 is fixed on the fixed post 641 and located inside the sliding sleeve 642, and pressure springs 645 are provided between the two ends of the pressure plate 644 and the sliding sleeve 642.

[0076] When the top plate 1 deforms, the axial force on the anchor rod 61 can be buffered by the pressure spring 645, thereby preventing the anchor rod 61 from being damaged due to excessive force.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment, the auxiliary support component 65 includes:

[0078] The fixing block 651 is fixed to the reinforcing plate 55;

[0079] Multiple connecting rods 652 are configured and symmetrically hinged to both sides of the fixed block 651;

[0080] Multiple connecting plates 653 are configured and hinged to the connecting rod 652, and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixing block 651. The sliding end of the telescopic column 66 is hinged to the side of the connecting plate 653 away from the connecting rod 652.

[0081] In other words, when the top plate 1 deforms, the auxiliary support component 65 applies radial stress to the adjacent anchor rod 61 through the telescopic column 66, thereby avoiding damage caused by excessive radial force on the anchor rod 1. Furthermore, the pressure spring 645 and the telescopic column 66 can effectively prevent the anchor rod 61 from loosening and affecting the support effect.

[0082] A method for using active and passive support equipment for the roof of a coal roadway in close proximity to a coal seam is characterized by the following steps:

[0083] S1. Installation of passive support components 5; First, hinge multiple passive support components 5 between bases 3, then install the passive support components 5 and bases 3 in close contact with the top plate 1.

[0084] S2. Support strength adjustment: The support strength of the passive support assembly 5 and the base 3 on the top plate 1 is adjusted by adjusting the bracket 4 and the pressure regulating cylinder 56.

[0085] S3. Installation of anchor bolt 61: The anchor bolt 61 is drilled through the passive support component 5 and into the top plate 1 by a drilling rig, and then grout is injected through the grouting hole 611. After the grout solidifies, the installation of anchor bolt 61 is completed.

[0086] S4. Installation of auxiliary support component 65: Fit the auxiliary support component 65 onto the anchor rod 61 and make the auxiliary support component 65 fit against the reinforcing plate 55. Then apply prestress to the anchor rod 61 through the locking member 63. At this time, the passive support component 5 and the active support component 6 are a whole, and the installation is completed.

[0087] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A type of active and passive support equipment for the roof of a coal roadway located close to a coal seam, characterized in that: include: The base (3) is configured in multiple ways, symmetrically arranged in the tunnel (2), and it fits against the inner wall of the roof plate (1); Adjustable bracket (4) is fixed on one side of the base (3) that is close to each other; Passive support components (5) are configured in multiples and hinged between multiple bases (3), and all of the multiple passive support components (5) are hinged together. Active support components (6) are configured in multiples, equidistantly arranged on the passive support components (5), and all penetrate the passive support components (5) and are anchored to the top plate (1); The adjusting bracket (4) is a hydraulic cylinder, which is inclined to the base (3) and the inclined direction is towards the inner wall of the top plate (1). The base (3) is attached to the inner wall of the top plate (1) by the adjusting bracket (4).

2. The active and passive support equipment for the roof of a coal seam roadway in close proximity to the sub-coal seam as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The passive support component (5) includes: A steel frame (51) has hinges (52) fixed symmetrically at both ends; The connectors (53) are configured in multiple ways, with one end plugged into and fixed inside the top plate (1) and the other end fixed inside the steel frame (51); A buffer plate (54) is slidably disposed on the plug-in (53), and a buffer spring is provided between the buffer plate (54) and the steel frame (51); A reinforcing plate (55) is fixed to the side of the steel frame (51) away from the top plate (1); The pressure regulating cylinder (56) has its output ends hinged to two adjacent reinforcing plates (55) respectively, and the reinforcing plate (55) adjacent to the base (3) is also hinged to the base (3) with the pressure regulating cylinder (56).

3. The active and passive support equipment for the roof of a coal seam roadway in close proximity to the sub-coal seam as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The active support component (6) includes: Anchor bolt (61) is slidably disposed within the reinforcing plate (55); Pull-out members (62) are configured in multiples and are fixed at equal intervals to the anchor rod (61); A locking element (63) is threadedly connected to one end of the anchor rod (61); An anchoring assembly (64) is fixed to the other end of the anchor rod (61); A self-drilling bit is fixed to the end of the anchoring assembly (64) away from the anchor rod (61); The auxiliary support assembly (65) is installed on the reinforcing plate (55), located between the locking member (63) and the reinforcing plate (55), and is slidably connected to the anchor rod (61); The telescopic column (66) is hinged between adjacent auxiliary support components (65), and the telescopic column (66) is provided with two sliding ends, and a telescopic spring is provided between the two sliding ends.

4. The active and passive support equipment for the roof of a near-distance coal seam roadway according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anchor rod (61) has multiple grouting holes (611). A grout stop plug (612) is fixed at one end of the anchor rod (61) near the auxiliary support component (65). The pull-out member (62) has a frustum structure, with its smaller diameter end facing the grout stop plug (612).

5. The active and passive support equipment for the roof of a coal seam roadway in close proximity to the subsurface coal seam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anchoring assembly (64) includes: A fixing post (641) is fixed on the anchor rod (61), and a self-drilling bit is fixed at one end of the fixing post (641) away from the anchor rod (61); A sliding sleeve (642) is slidably fitted onto the fixed post (641), and a plurality of reinforcing rings (643) are fixed at equal intervals on its outer wall; A pressure plate (644) is fixed on the fixed column (641) and located inside the sliding sleeve (642), and pressure springs (645) are provided between the two ends of the pressure plate (644) and the sliding sleeve (642).

6. The active and passive support equipment for the roof of a near-distance coal seam roadway according to claim 3, characterized in that: The auxiliary support component (65) includes: A fixing block (651) is fixed to the reinforcing plate (55); Multiple connecting rods (652) are configured and symmetrically hinged on both sides of the fixed block (651); Multiple connecting plates (653) are configured to be hinged to the connecting rod (652) and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixing block (651). The sliding end of the telescopic column (66) is hinged to the side of the connecting plate (653) away from the connecting rod (652).

7. The method of using a close-range coal seam sub-coal roadway roof active and passive support device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Installation of passive support components (5): First, hinge multiple passive support components (5) between the base (3), and then place the passive support components (5) and the base (3) against the top plate (1). S2. Support strength adjustment: Adjust the support strength of the passive support assembly (5) and the base (3) on the top plate (1) by adjusting the bracket (4) and the pressure regulating cylinder (56); S3. Installation of anchor bolts (61): The anchor bolts (61) are drilled into the top plate (1) through the passive support component (5) by the drilling rig, and then grouting is carried out through the grouting hole (611). After the grout solidifies, the installation of anchor bolts (61) is completed. S4. Installation of auxiliary support component (65): The auxiliary support component (65) is fitted onto the anchor rod (61) and the auxiliary support component (65) is made to fit against the reinforcing plate (55). Then, prestress is applied to the anchor rod (61) through the locking member (63). At this time, the passive support component (5) and the active support component (6) are a whole, and the installation is completed.

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