Methods, apparatus, equipment and media for power grid load loss analysis

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of power system simulation and operation control technology, and discloses a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for power grid load loss analysis. The method includes: determining initial power grid load fluctuation data based on historical power grid operation data and power grid fault information; acquiring initial power grid fault range data; determining whether an automatic reclosing device or an automatic backup power supply device has been activated based on a complete station power outage, and determining whether a low-voltage automatic backup power supply device has been activated based on a power outage bus or a power outage main transformer, thereby determining corrected power grid fault range data; determining indirect load losses based on the loads in the initial power grid fault range data that exceed the initial power grid load fluctuation data after the automatic device activation but have not completely lost power; determining direct load losses in the corrected power grid fault range data; and determining the power grid load loss based on the sum of indirect and direct load losses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system simulation and operation control technology, specifically to methods, apparatus, equipment, and media for power grid load loss analysis. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous increase in electricity demand, the safe and stable operation of the power grid has become particularly important. Power outages caused by sudden events such as equipment overload, construction power outages, and natural disasters occur frequently, seriously affecting power supply quality. Especially during peak summer electricity load periods, power grid accidents are increasingly common. To minimize the impact of power grid risks, power supply companies can analyze load losses under fault conditions to determine necessary intervention measures. On the one hand, they can strengthen the deployment of automatic safety devices to ensure the timely activation of backup power sources in case of faults. On the other hand, they can optimize the power grid structure for single power sources or densely loaded areas to meet electricity capacity demands.

[0003] In related technologies, load loss analysis under power grid fault conditions is performed by monitoring and collecting measurement data before and after the fault, and superimposing the load loss of the main transformer in the fault area to determine the final load loss. This method is only suitable for small-scale fault loss analysis. For cross-regional faults, manual statistics from each region are required to sum the data and determine the final load loss, which cannot provide a refined and rapid analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment and medium for power grid load loss analysis, to solve the problem that for cross-regional faults, the final load loss situation cannot be determined by manually summing statistics from each region, which is not able to provide a refined and rapid analysis.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for power grid load loss analysis, comprising: acquiring initial power grid load fluctuation data within a target area characterized by power grid fault information based on historical power grid operation data and power grid fault information; performing fault simulation based on power grid fault information to acquire initial power grid fault range data, wherein the initial power grid fault range data includes at least one of the following outage types: station-wide power outage, power outage bus, and power outage main transformer; if a station-wide power outage is determined, determining whether an automatic reclosing device or an automatic backup power supply device has been activated based on the station-wide power outage; if a power outage bus or a power outage main transformer exists, determining whether a low-voltage automatic backup power supply device has been activated based on the power outage bus or the power outage main transformer. The process involves: 1) Removing devices powered by automatic reclosing devices, automatic transfer switches, and low-voltage automatic transfer switches from the initial grid fault range data to determine the corrected grid fault range data; 2) Determining indirect load losses based on loads in the initial grid fault range data that exceed the initial grid load fluctuation data after the automatic devices activate but are not completely de-energized, including automatic reclosing devices, automatic transfer switches, and low-voltage automatic transfer switches; 3) Determining direct load losses based on loads in the corrected grid fault range data whose load changes after the fault are less than or equal to a preset power flow threshold; and 4) Determining grid load losses by summing indirect and direct load losses.

[0006] Secondly, the present invention provides an apparatus for power grid load loss analysis, comprising: a first module for acquiring initial power grid load fluctuation data within a target area characterized by power grid fault information based on historical power grid operation data and power grid fault information; a second module for performing fault simulation based on power grid fault information to acquire initial power grid fault range data, the initial power grid fault range data including at least one of the following power outage types: station-wide power outage, power outage bus, and power outage main transformer; and a third module for determining, if a station-wide power outage is determined, whether an automatic reclosing device or an automatic backup power supply device has been activated; and if a power outage bus or a power outage main transformer exists, determining whether an automatic low-voltage backup power supply device has been activated. The system comprises six modules: a fourth module, used to remove devices powered by automatic reclosing devices, automatic transfer switches, and low-voltage automatic transfer switches from the initial grid fault range data, and to determine the corrected grid fault range data; a fifth module, used to determine indirect load losses based on the loads in the initial grid fault range data that exceed the initial grid load fluctuation data after the automatic devices are activated but have not completely lost power, including automatic reclosing devices, automatic transfer switches, and low-voltage automatic transfer switches; and a sixth module, used to determine direct load losses based on the loads in the corrected grid fault range data whose load changes after the fault are less than or equal to a preset power flow threshold, and to determine the grid load loss based on the sum of indirect and direct load losses.

[0007] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer device, comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the method for power grid load loss analysis described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.

[0008] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the method for power grid load loss analysis described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.

[0009] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product, including computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for power grid load loss analysis described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.

[0010] The method, apparatus, equipment, and medium provided in this application for power grid load loss analysis, when calculating indirect load losses, statistically analyzes the load loss of lines exceeding the initial power grid load fluctuation data in lines where load changes actually occur before and after the automatic device operation. This eliminates the influence of inherent power grid fluctuations on load loss analysis. With the help of fault simulation, the initial fault range can be quickly determined. At the same time, it corrects the determination of the power grid fault range data, avoiding overestimation or underestimation of losses caused by ambiguity in the range of cross-regional faults. In addition, it automatically distinguishes different types of load losses, reduces the randomness of manual intervention, and improves the efficiency of load loss analysis. It is particularly suitable for large-scale power grids or complex cross-regional power grid fault scenarios, and solves the problem of load loss analysis distortion caused by factors such as cross-regional faults, normal power grid load fluctuations, and the activation of automatic devices. It provides an effective theoretical basis for the optimization of power grid structure and further promotes the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or related technologies of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the method for power grid load loss analysis provided in this application is shown.

[0013] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the local load loss analysis of power grid faults provided in this application is shown;

[0014] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of parallel operation of power plants and stations is shown;

[0015] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the separate operation of the plant and station is shown;

[0016] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of parallel busbar operation is shown;

[0017] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the busbars operating in separate columns is shown;

[0018] Figure 7 The initial grid load fluctuation data for lines at different voltage levels provided in this application are shown;

[0019] Figure 8 This application provides a schematic flowchart of another method for power grid load loss analysis.

[0020] Figure 9A schematic diagram of the device for power grid load loss analysis provided in this application is shown;

[0021] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In related technologies, load loss analysis under power grid fault conditions determines the final load loss by superimposing the main transformer load loss in the fault area. This method is not conducive to rapid analysis and is prone to misjudgment or omission, especially when there are normal power grid load fluctuations and automatic device activation. In such cases, some load transfers may not be the actual loss, leading to load loss analysis results that do not fully reflect the impact of the power grid fault. This method has certain limitations and cannot provide an effective theoretical basis for intervention measures.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method embodiment for power grid load loss analysis is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0025] This embodiment provides a method for power grid load loss analysis, which can be used on terminals such as mobile phones, tablets, desktop computers, laptops, servers, etc. Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the method for power grid load loss analysis provided in this application is shown, as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0026] Step S101: Based on historical power grid operation data and power grid fault information, obtain initial power grid load fluctuation data within the target area characterized by power grid fault information.

[0027] In this step, grid load is used to characterize the total power consumed by all electrical equipment in the power system at a certain moment, and the unit is megawatt (MW). It reflects the total amount of electricity demand that the grid needs to bear at a specific moment.

[0028] Power grid fault information includes: fault analysis event object, fault time, fault delay, fault area identifier, scan type, and whether impact loads are considered. The fault analysis event object characterizes the power grid equipment or components involved in the fault. The fault time characterizes the time when the fault occurred. The fault delay characterizes the duration of the fault. The fault area identifier identifies the geographical or grid zone where the fault occurred. The scan type refers to the method of analyzing power grid data during fault analysis, clarifying the scope and logic of data processing; it can be based on fault type, data source, or analysis dimension. Whether impact loads are considered indicates whether impact loads are included as an influencing factor in load loss calculations during fault analysis. Impact loads characterize sudden increases in load over a short period, such as seconds to minutes.

[0029] Based on the fault area identifier in the power grid fault information, the power grid boundary of the target area is determined. Based on the fault time in the power grid fault information, the time window for load fluctuation is determined. The time window for load fluctuation can be configured as a pre-fault reference time period. The pre-fault reference time period is used to characterize the stable load level within a preset duration before the fault occurs. The preset duration can be configured as ten minutes, half an hour, or one hour, etc., based on load characteristics.

[0030] Historical power grid operation data can be obtained from the power grid control cloud platform. Based on the power grid boundaries and time windows of the target area, as well as the historical power grid operation data, initial power grid load fluctuation data can be determined. Based on the initial power grid load fluctuation data, indirect load losses in subsequent power grid load loss analysis can be calculated.

[0031] Step S102: Perform fault simulation based on power grid fault information to obtain initial power grid fault range data. The initial power grid fault range data includes at least one of the following power outage types: total station power outage, power outage bus, and power outage main transformer.

[0032] In this step, fault simulation is performed based on the fault analysis event objects in the power grid fault information. Switches connected to the faulty equipment are disconnected, and power flow calculations are performed. Without considering the actions of automatic devices, the initial power grid fault range data is determined based on the power outage range after the fault simulation. Power flow calculation is used to characterize the process of solving for the voltage of each node, the power of each branch, and the power loss in the power system using data methods, given the power grid structure, parameters, and some operating conditions.

[0033] A complete power outage is used to describe a situation where all operating equipment in a substation has lost power and is in a state of power failure.

[0034] A power failure busbar is used to indicate that a busbar has lost its normal power supply and is in a state of no voltage or zero voltage. Busbars are used to represent key nodes in a power system that collect and distribute electrical energy, and are usually made of copper or aluminum.

[0035] The term "power outage transformer" indicates that the main transformer of a substation has lost power and is in a power outage state. The main transformer (or simply main transformer) is the core equipment in a substation used to change voltage levels and realize power transmission.

[0036] After determining the initial power grid fault range data, based on the fault time and fault delay in the power grid fault information, the power grid load data, district and county load data, main transformer load data and line load data in the target area before and after the fault are obtained. Based on the obtained data, subsequent automatic device analysis and load loss analysis are performed.

[0037] Step S103: If it is determined that there is a power outage at the entire station, based on the power outage at the entire station, determine whether the automatic reclosing device or the automatic backup power supply device has been activated; if there is a power outage on the bus or the main transformer, based on the power outage on the bus or the main transformer, determine whether the automatic backup power supply device has been activated.

[0038] In this step, since some power plants have deployed automatic devices for emergency handling during actual faults, to effectively analyze the actual load loss and outage range, we can analyze the presence of automatic devices based on the initial power grid fault range data. Nodes in the power grid can be power plants, including power plants and substations. Power plants include thermal power plants, hydropower plants, wind power plants, etc., and are used for generating electricity. Substations are responsible for voltage conversion and power distribution.

[0039] Automatic devices include: Automatic Reclosing Devices (ARC), Automatic Transfer Switches (ATS), and Low-Voltage Automatic Transfer Switches (LVAS). Automatic Reclosing Devices (ARC) are designed for transient faults in transmission lines. When a line trips due to a fault, the device automatically issues a closing command after a delay. If the fault has disappeared, power can be restored, reducing power outage time. ARCs include single-phase reclosing and three-phase reclosing, and can be applied to overhead lines.

[0040] Automatic transfer switch (ATS) is a device that, in the event of a power outage due to a fault, detects the absence of voltage, quickly disconnects the working power switch, and simultaneously closes the backup power switch, enabling the load to rapidly switch to the backup power supply and ensuring continuous power supply. It can be applied to scenarios such as busbar segmentation in substations and dual-power customer incoming lines.

[0041] Automatic transfer switch for low-voltage backup power is mainly used in low-voltage power distribution systems and can be an automatic transfer switch for backup power at voltage levels of 1000V and below.

[0042] By determining the type of power outage, the system can identify the automatic devices that need to be checked and obtain their operational status.

[0043] Step S104: In the initial power grid fault range data, devices powered by automatic reclosing devices, automatic transfer switches for backup power supplies, and automatic transfer switches for low-voltage backup power supplies are removed, and the corrected power grid fault range data is determined.

[0044] In this step, devices whose power supply has been restored can be identified based on those powered by automatic reclosing devices, automatic transfer switch devices, and low-voltage automatic transfer switch devices. From the initial grid fault range data, the aforementioned devices whose power supply has been restored are removed, and the corrected grid fault range data is determined based on the remaining unrestored fault areas.

[0045] The data on the corrected power grid fault range can be output and displayed in a manner that follows the pattern of substation-main transformer or busbar-load-user. Based on the corrected power grid fault range, the constituent data within that range can be obtained from the control cloud platform. The constituent data includes: user station information, substation information with impact loads, substation district / county information, substation voltage level, and information on important and sensitive users associated with load lines.

[0046] Based on the initial power grid fault range data, combined with the power supply relationship of each level of calculation bus, the power supply relationship can be traced upwards, and sorted based on the substation voltage level and district / county information obtained from the constituent data to generate a power supply relationship substation tree.

[0047] Step S105: Based on the initial grid fault range data, determine the indirect load loss for the loads that exceed the initial grid load fluctuation data after the automatic device is activated but have not completely lost power. The automatic devices include an automatic reclosing device, an automatic backup power supply switching device, and a low-voltage backup power supply switching device.

[0048] In this step, "not completely power outage" indicates that the power supply has not been completely lost, and a certain degree of residual power or partial power supply still exists, rather than a complete power outage. The loads of the substations where the automatic reclosing devices, automatic transfer switch (ATS) for backup power, and automatic transfer switch for low-voltage backup power are located are used as the analysis objects. By comparing the load changes before and after the automatic devices operate, short-term interrupted loads that existed before the operation but disappeared or decreased significantly within a short time after the operation are identified as indirect load losses. Short-term interrupted loads are used to characterize loads that can be interrupted for a short period of time in the event of a power supply failure, maintenance, or dispatch.

[0049] In the process of calculating indirect load losses, it is necessary to consider the initial grid load fluctuation data of the lines during the current fault period. Specifically, the actual load loss of all lines in the corrected grid fault range data is statistically analyzed, and it is determined whether the actual load loss of each line exceeds the maximum rate of change in the initial grid load fluctuation data. The load loss of lines that exceed the maximum rate of change is identified as indirect load loss, thereby quantifying the losses caused by non-natural fluctuations.

[0050] Specifically, if after a fault occurs, the automatic device of a substation automatically switches the power supply, and the switching process causes a short-term power outage on a certain line, and if the load on this line is interrupted by the action of the automatic device, then it is considered an indirect load loss.

[0051] Step S106: Based on the corrected power grid fault range data, determine the direct load loss for loads whose post-fault load change is less than or equal to a preset power flow threshold. Based on the sum of indirect load loss and direct load loss, determine the power grid load loss.

[0052] In this step of determining grid load loss, subway depots and some user stations are not considered. Depots with impact loads are not included in the statistics by default. Whether to include impact load depots in the statistics can be determined by obtaining the impact load parameter from the grid fault information. Among them, the term "depot with impact load" is used to characterize the load connected to the depot that includes impact loads, that is, electrical equipment or load groups that will cause short-term, severe disturbances to the grid.

[0053] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the local load loss analysis of the power grid fault provided in this application is shown. Figure 2 The power grid includes: Station A 21 and Station B 22. Station A 21 includes Line A 211 and Line B 212, and Station B 22 includes Line C 221. Line A 211 includes: First Power Grid Equipment 171, Main Transformer No. 1 174, Fifth Power Grid Equipment 901, Second Power Grid Equipment 911, and Station A High Voltage Equipment 173. Line B 212 includes: Sixth Power Grid Equipment 172, Main Transformer No. 2 175, Seventh Power Grid Equipment 902, and Third Power Grid Equipment 912. Station A 21 also includes: First Bus Tie Switch 110, Second Bus Tie Switch 910, and Eighth Power Grid Equipment 916.

[0054] Line C 221 in Bilibili 22 includes: the tenth power grid equipment 917, the eleventh power grid equipment 935, the third bus tie switch 918, the fourth power grid equipment 915, and the ninth power grid equipment 914.

[0055] If the first power grid device 171 in line A211 of station A fails, a topology analysis can be performed before the failure. The objects affected by the failure of the first power grid device 171 include: the high-voltage load 173 of station A, the load of the second power grid device 911 of station A, the load of the third power grid device 912 of station A, and the load of the fourth power grid device 915 of station B. After the failure of the first power grid device 171 in line A of station A, regardless of whether the automatic transfer switch in station A or station B operates, the load of the fourth power grid device 915 of station B will be transferred to the power supply range of line C of station B. The load loss objects analyzed are always the high-voltage load 173 of station A, the load of the second power grid device 911 of station A, the load of the third power grid device 912 of station A, and the load of the fourth power grid device 915 of station B, unaffected by environmental changes. The load loss objects can be measured and collected before and after the failure as the final load loss. Finally, the load loss results of all lines are summed to form the regional load loss analysis results.

[0056] The method for power grid load loss analysis provided in this embodiment, when calculating indirect load losses, statistically analyzes the load loss of lines exceeding the initial power grid load fluctuation data for lines where load changes actually occur before and after the automatic device operation. This eliminates the influence of inherent power grid fluctuations on load loss analysis. With the help of fault simulation, the initial fault range can be quickly determined. At the same time, it corrects the determination of the power grid fault range data, avoiding overestimation or underestimation of losses caused by ambiguity in the range of cross-regional faults. In addition, it automatically distinguishes different types of load losses, reducing the randomness of manual intervention and improving the efficiency of load loss analysis. It is particularly suitable for large-scale power grids or complex cross-regional power grid fault scenarios, solving the problem of load loss analysis distortion caused by factors such as cross-regional faults, normal power grid load fluctuations, and the activation of automatic devices. It provides an effective theoretical basis for the optimization of power grid structure and further promotes the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0057] In some optional implementations, based on a complete power outage, determining whether an automatic reclosing device or an automatic backup power supply device has been activated includes: identifying the highest voltage level line of the power-out substation where a complete power outage has occurred; if the highest voltage level line was energized before and after the fault, it is determined that an automatic reclosing device has been activated, and no determination is made as to whether an automatic backup power supply device has been activated; wherein, if the power flow of the highest voltage level line is greater than a preset power flow threshold, it indicates that the highest voltage level line is energized.

[0058] In this embodiment, during the actual operation of the automatic device, the automatic reclosing device operates before the backup automatic transfer device. During the simulation analysis, the operation of the automatic device can be analyzed based on the priority of the automatic reclosing device over the backup automatic transfer device.

[0059] The operating principle of the automatic reclosing circuit can be analyzed: After a line fault, the automatic reclosing system automatically initiates and attempts to close the line switch again. If the fault has been cleared, the reclosing is successful, and the line returns to energized operation. If the reclosing fails, the line switch trips again. A minimum preset power flow threshold can be configured for the line. To eliminate the influence of zero drift. If the power flow P of the line is greater than This indicates that the line is energized. If the line power flow P is less than or equal to This indicates a loss of power to the line. Successful automatic reclosing is characterized by the line being energized both before and after the fault.

[0060] Specifically, the highest voltage level lines of power-out substations with total power loss can be obtained. It should be noted that there may be multiple highest voltage level lines. The system iterates through each highest voltage level line before and after the fault to see if the automatic reclosing success characteristics are met. If the automatic reclosing success characteristics are met, the power-out substation with total power loss is marked as having automatic reclosing, and the backup automatic transfer device analysis is no longer performed.

[0061] In this way, by observing the state of the highest voltage level line before and after a fault, it is possible to directly reflect whether the main power supply has been quickly restored through automatic reclosing. Judging the energized state of the line by using a preset power flow threshold is more reliable than relying solely on switch position signals, ensuring the accuracy of automatic reclosing action judgment and accurately identifying automatic reclosing actions to avoid misjudgments. At the same time, if the highest voltage level line is energized before and after the fault, a reclosing action is determined and the automatic transfer switch judgment is stopped, reducing redundant judgment steps, simplifying the judgment process, and improving analysis efficiency. In addition, when the entire station loses power, the restoration of power supply to the highest voltage level line is the core factor determining whether the entire station continues to lose power. If the reclosing action is successful, the entire station's load can be restored through the main power supply without the need for automatic transfer switch intervention. In this case, when subsequently correcting the scope of the grid fault, the station can be directly excluded from the scope of continuous power loss. This priority judgment based on the main power supply status avoids the overestimation of the fault scope caused by incorrect inclusion in the analysis of automatic transfer switch actions, providing a more reliable basis for subsequent load loss calculations.

[0062] In some optional implementations, determining whether an automatic reclosing device or an automatic backup power supply device has been activated based on a complete power outage further includes: if it is determined that no automatic reclosing device has been activated, and the target substation is operating in parallel, if the first bus tie switch is in the closed state, the power flow before the first line fault is greater than a preset power flow threshold, the power flow after the first line fault is less than or equal to a preset power flow threshold, the power flow before the second line fault is less than or equal to a preset power flow threshold, and the power flow after the second line fault is greater than a preset power flow threshold, then it is determined that an automatic backup power supply device has been activated at the target substation; wherein the first line and the second line are respectively connected to the first bus tie switch.

[0063] In this embodiment, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of parallel operation of power plants is shown, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the target substation includes: a first line 31, a second line 32, and a first bus tie switch 33. The first line 31 and the second line 32 are connected to the first bus tie switch 33. The first line 31 includes a twelfth power grid device 311. The second line 32 includes a thirteenth power grid device 321. Parallel operation of the substations represents the state where multiple power plants or substations are electrically connected, forming a synchronized operation, maintaining the same frequency and phase in the same power system, and jointly transmitting or receiving electrical energy to or from the grid. The bus tie switch represents the equipment connecting the segmented busbars within the substation. When the bus tie switch is closed, it indicates that the two busbars are connected, sharing power and load, achieving power mutual assistance. When the bus tie switch is open, it indicates that the two busbars are isolated from each other, operating independently, each carrying its own power and load.

[0064] If it is determined that no automatic reclosing device has been activated, the presence of a standby automatic transfer switch (ATS) in the target substation can be analyzed. The activation characteristics of the ATS differ under different operating modes.

[0065] When the power plant is operating in parallel, the operating characteristics of the automatic transfer switch (ATS) include: in the line where the ATS is located, the two power supply lines are one main and one backup, and the first bus tie switch 33 is in the closed state. After the first line 31 trips due to a fault, the ATS detects that the first bus tie switch 33 is in the closed state, and the second line 32, i.e., the backup power supply line, is in the charging state. It can automatically switch to the second line 32 and disconnect the first line 31 to isolate the fault.

[0066] Automatic device operation analysis can be performed based on the operational characteristics of the backup automatic transfer device. A minimum preset power flow threshold for the line can be configured. To eliminate the influence of zero drift. If the power flow P of the line is greater than This indicates that the line is energized. If the line power flow P is less than or equal to This indicates that the line has lost power.

[0067] Specifically, if the first bus tie switch 33 is in the closed state, and if the first line 31 was energized before the fault and de-energized after the fault, and the second line 32 was de-energized before the fault and energized after the fault, it can be determined that the target substation has a line backup automatic transfer action, and the target substation is marked.

[0068] This allows for precise identification of automatic transfer switching actions, avoiding misjudgments. Meanwhile, parallel operation is a common way for power grids to improve power supply reliability, but the logic of dual-power switching is more complex than that of a single power source. In this implementation, the judgment conditions are refined for the specific scenario of parallel operation, making up for the shortcomings of general judgment logic in complex structures. This allows for adaptation to more diverse power grid topologies and enhances the practicality of the overall solution.

[0069] In some optional implementations, determining whether an automatic reclosing device or an automatic backup power supply device has been activated based on a complete power outage further includes: if it is determined that no automatic reclosing device has been activated, and the target substation is in split operation, if the first bus tie switch is in the open state, the power flow before the first line fault is greater than a preset power flow threshold, the power flow after the first line fault is less than or equal to a preset power flow threshold, the power flow before the second line fault is greater than a preset power flow threshold, and the power flow after the second line fault is greater than a preset multiple of the power flow before the fault, then it is determined that an automatic backup power supply device has been activated at the target substation.

[0070] In this embodiment, the preset multiple is used to characterize that the power flow of the second line after the fault is significantly higher than that before the fault, and the preset multiple can be configured to be 1.5 or higher. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the separate operation of the plant and station is shown, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the target plant includes: a first line 31, a second line 32, and a first bus tie switch 33. The first line 31 and the second line 32 are respectively connected to the first bus tie switch 33. Figure 3 and Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the operation of the same plant under different conditions.

[0071] When the power plant is operating in a split configuration, the operating characteristics of the automatic transfer switch (ATS) include: In the line where the ATS is located, both power supply lines are the main power source, and the first bus tie switch 33 is in the open state. After the first line 31 trips due to a fault, the ATS detects that the first bus tie switch 33 is in the open state, and the second line 32, i.e., the backup power supply line, is energized. It can then automatically close the first bus tie switch 33, put the second line 32 into operation, and disconnect the first line 31 to isolate the fault.

[0072] Automatic device operation analysis can be performed based on the operational characteristics of the backup automatic transfer device. A minimum preset power flow threshold for the line can be configured. To eliminate the influence of zero drift. If the power flow P of the line is greater than This indicates that the line is energized. If the line power flow P is less than or equal to This indicates that the line has lost power.

[0073] Specifically, if the first bus tie switch 33 is in the open state, and if the first line 31 was energized before the fault and de-energized after the fault, and the second line 32 was energized before and after the fault, it can be determined that the target substation has a section line automatic transfer operation, and the target substation is marked.

[0074] This allows for precise identification of automatic transfer switching (ATS) actions in split-line operation scenarios, avoiding misjudgments. Furthermore, if an ATS action is detected, it means that after a complete power outage, the section containing the backup line has had its power restored via ATS, with only the section containing the main power line experiencing a power outage. When subsequently revising the grid fault range data, the loads of the sections powered by the backup line can be accurately removed, retaining only the loads of the sections powered by the main power line that have lost power. This avoids misjudging restored backup loads as losses. Conversely, if no action is taken, both bus sections must be included in the continuous power outage range to ensure the accuracy of fault range correction and lay the foundation for load loss calculation.

[0075] In some optional implementations, determining whether an automatic low-voltage standby power supply device has been activated based on a power failure bus or a power failure main transformer includes: when the target substation is operating in parallel with the busbars, if the second bus tie switch is closed, the power flow of the second main transformer before the fault is greater than a preset power flow threshold, the second main transformer is not under load after the fault, the first main transformer is not under load before the fault, and the power flow of the first main transformer after the fault is greater than a preset power flow threshold, it is determined that an automatic low-voltage standby power supply device has been activated at the target substation; wherein the first main transformer and the second main transformer are respectively connected to the second bus tie switch.

[0076] In this embodiment, the system determines whether a low-voltage automatic transfer switch (ATS) has activated based on a power outage bus or main transformer. The activation characteristics of the ATS differ under different operating conditions. The low-voltage automatic transfer switch includes a main transformer automatic transfer switch and a sectional automatic transfer switch. This embodiment focuses on the main transformer automatic transfer switch within the low-voltage ATS.

[0077] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of parallel bus operation is shown, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the target power station includes: a first main transformer 51, a second main transformer 52, a second bus tie switch 53, a sixteenth power grid equipment 54, a seventeenth power grid equipment 55, an eighteenth power grid equipment 56, and a nineteenth power grid equipment 57. The first main transformer 51 and the second main transformer 52 are respectively connected to the second bus tie switch 53.

[0078] When the busbars are operating in parallel, the operating characteristics of the low-voltage standby automatic transfer switch include: in the line where the low-voltage standby automatic transfer switch is located, the windings of the two main transformers are configured as one main and one standby, and the second bus tie switch 53 is in the closed state. After the second main transformer 52 trips or loses power due to a fault, the standby automatic transfer switch detects that the second bus tie switch 53 is in the closed state, and the first main transformer 51, i.e., the standby power supply line, is in a charging state. It can automatically switch the first main transformer 51 into operation and disconnect the second main transformer 52 for fault isolation.

[0079] Automatic device operation analysis can be performed based on the operational characteristics of the backup automatic transfer device. A minimum preset power flow threshold for the line can be configured. To eliminate the influence of zero drift. If the power flow P of the line is greater than This indicates that the main transformer is operating under energized conditions. If the line power flow P is less than or equal to... This indicates that the main transformer is not under load.

[0080] Specifically, if the second main transformer 52 was energized before the fault and not under load after the fault, and the first main transformer 51 was not under load before the fault and was energized after the fault, when the second bus tie switch 53 was in the closed state, it can be determined that the target substation has a main transformer automatic transfer operation in the low-voltage standby automatic transfer mode, and the target substation is marked.

[0081] Thus, based on the closing of the second bus tie switch indicating electrical connection between the two bus sections, the low-voltage side is supplied with redundant power through dual main transformers. The operating logic of the low-voltage automatic transfer switch is that after one main transformer loses power, the other main transformer automatically switches to take over the entire load. Accurate judgment is achieved through multi-condition cross-verification: the closing of the second bus tie switch confirms that the bus is in parallel operation; the power flow of the second main transformer before the fault is greater than the threshold, and it is not carrying any load after the fault, indicating that it has taken off operation due to power loss; the first main transformer was not carrying any load before the fault, and the power flow after the fault is greater than the threshold, indicating that it has been put into operation through the automatic transfer switch, taking over the load of the original second main transformer. This combination of load change characteristics of one out and one in operation, as well as the bus tie status, avoids misjudgment caused by a single signal and can ensure the accuracy of low-voltage automatic transfer switch operation identification.

[0082] In some optional implementations, based on the power failure of the bus or the main transformer, it is determined whether the low-voltage standby power supply automatic transfer device has been activated, including: when the target substation is in bus-split operation, if the second bus tie switch is in the open state, the power flow of the second main transformer before the fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, the second main transformer is not under load after the fault, the power flow of the first main transformer before the fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, and the power flow of the first main transformer after the fault is greater than the preset multiple of the power flow before the fault, it is determined that the target substation has activated the low-voltage standby power supply automatic transfer device.

[0083] In this embodiment, it refers to a segmented automatic transfer switch in a low-voltage standby automatic transfer device. The preset multiple is used to characterize that the power flow of the first main transformer after a fault is significantly higher than the power flow before the fault, and the preset multiple can be configured to be 1.5 or higher. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the busbars operating in separate columns is shown, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the target power station includes: a first main transformer 51, a second main transformer 52, a second bus tie switch 53, a sixteenth power grid equipment 54, a seventeenth power grid equipment 55, an eighteenth power grid equipment 56, and a nineteenth power grid equipment 57. The first main transformer 51 and the second main transformer 52 are respectively connected to the second bus tie switch 53. Figures 2 to 6 The middle arrow is used to indicate the direction of current flow.

[0084] When the busbars are operating in a split configuration, the operating characteristics of the low-voltage automatic transfer switch (ATS) include: in the line where the ATS is located, both main transformer windings share the same main power supply, and the second bus tie switch 53 is in the open state. After the second main transformer 52 trips or loses power due to a fault, the ATS detects that the second bus tie switch 53 is in the open state, and the first main transformer 51, i.e., the backup power supply line, is in operation. It can automatically close the second bus tie switch 53 to put the first main transformer 51 into operation and disconnect the second main transformer 52 for fault isolation.

[0085] Automatic device operation analysis can be performed based on the operational characteristics of the backup automatic transfer device. A minimum preset power flow threshold for the line can be configured. To eliminate the influence of zero drift. If the power flow P of the line is greater than This indicates that the main transformer is operating under energized conditions. If the line power flow P is less than or equal to... This indicates that the main transformer is not under load.

[0086] Specifically, if the second main transformer 52 is energized before the fault and not under load after the fault, and the first main transformer 51 is energized before and after the fault, it can be determined that the target substation has a sectional standby automatic transfer action, and the target substation can be marked.

[0087] Thus, based on the tripping of the fourth bus tie switch, representing the electrical isolation of each bus section, and with independent main transformers supplying power separately, the logic of the low-voltage standby automatic transfer switch is that after the main transformer of a certain bus section loses power, the main transformer of another independent section continues to supply power through the low-voltage side backup path. Accurate judgment can be achieved through multi-condition cross-verification: the tripping of the fourth bus tie switch confirms that the bus is in a split-operation state; the power flow of the fourth main transformer before the fault is greater than the threshold, and it is not carrying load after the fault, clearly indicating that it has taken off operation due to power loss; the power flow of the third main transformer before and after the fault is both greater than the threshold, clearly indicating that it is continuously energized, and the standby automatic transfer switch has taken over the load that might have been lost through the action of the standby automatic transfer switch. This combination of judgment—the faulty main transformer taking off, the standby main transformer continuing to supply power, and the bus tie isolation—avoids misjudging the natural load fluctuations of the third main transformer or the energization caused by non-standby automatic transfer switch as device action, which can significantly improve the accuracy of low-voltage standby automatic transfer switch action identification in the split-operation scenario.

[0088] In some optional implementations, determining that there is a complete power outage includes: if all busbars in the first substation are undervoltage, determining that the first substation is completely power outage; if there is a line transformer connection in the second substation, if both the busbars and the main transformer in the second substation are undervoltage, determining that the second substation is completely power outage.

[0089] In this implementation, a complete power outage can be determined based on whether all busbars within the substation are de-energized after simulated power flow calculations. For the first substation, power collection and distribution rely on busbars, which are the core power supply for all equipment within the substation. If all busbars within the substation are undervoltage, the substation is directly determined to be in a complete power outage; otherwise, it is considered energized. For the second substation, for example, where the line directly connects to the transformer without passing through a busbar, an auxiliary judgment can be made regarding the energized status of all transformers within the substation. The main transformer is the core of power transmission; if all busbars and all main transformers within the substation are undervoltage, the substation is determined to be in a complete power outage; otherwise, it is considered energized.

[0090] In this way, by setting different standards for different power plants, we can match the topological characteristics of different power plants, improve the accuracy of judgment, and avoid misjudgment; at the same time, we can adapt to diverse power plant structures and enhance universality.

[0091] In some optional implementations, fault simulation is performed based on power grid fault information to obtain initial power grid fault range data, including: determining the fault originating plant based on power grid fault information; and performing a power supply path topology search based on the voltage level of the fault originating plant to obtain initial power grid fault range data.

[0092] In this embodiment, the fault originating plant can be determined in the following way.

[0093] If the fault analysis event is determined to be a line based on power grid fault information, the voltage levels of the substations at both ends of the line can be obtained. If the voltage levels of the substations at both ends of the line are the same, the fault originating substation can be any one of the substations at both ends of the line. If the voltage levels of the substations at both ends of the line are different, the substation with the higher voltage level is used to characterize the fault originating substation.

[0094] If, based on power grid fault information, the fault analysis event object is determined to be equipment that is not part of the power line, the fault originating power station can be characterized based on the power station where the equipment is located.

[0095] In this way, by defining the power supply range topology from the power source point as much as possible, cross-regional fault analysis can be performed to calculate the load loss of the power supply network in multiple regions caused by cross-regional faults.

[0096] In some optional implementations, a power supply path topology search is performed based on the voltage level of the fault originating substation to obtain initial grid fault range data. This includes: if the fault originating substation is at the first voltage level, a power supply path topology search is performed with the computational node bus determined by the fault originating substation as the starting point of the topology search, and the computational node bus of the second voltage level searched is recorded. Based on each computational node bus of the second voltage level searched, a topology search is performed downstream, and the computational node bus and substation at each level during the search process are recorded until the topology reaches the end outgoing load.

[0097] The power supply path represents the specific physical path through which electricity is transmitted from the power source to the user, including series-connected or interconnected power components such as lines, switching equipment, and transformers; it is the channel for power transmission. The energized load represents electrical equipment or users connected to the power supply path and consuming electrical energy. The first voltage level can be configured as 500kV, and the second voltage level as 220kV. The calculation node bus, or calculation bus, represents the calculation node abstracted from the actual bus in the actual power grid. It serves as the basis for electrical quantity calculation and analysis in power system design, operation analysis, or fault calculation.

[0098] Specifically, if the voltage level of the fault originating substation is 500kV, then the topology is performed downwards from the computing node bus of that substation, recording all 220kV computing node buses that can be topologically topologically topologically topologically topologically topologically topologically topologically topologically topologically topologically topologically topologically topologically topologically topologically bottom-downwards, recording the computing node buses and substations at each level during the search process, until the topology reaches the downstream outgoing load. Finally, all 220kV computing node buses are traversed, and all load conditions downstream of the 220kV computing node bus are included in the initial grid fault range data.

[0099] In this way, based on the 500kV fault originating substation, the 220kV calculation node bus and all load conditions downstream of the 220kV calculation node bus in its power supply path can be obtained. The specific nodes from the 500kV high-voltage side to the 220kV medium-voltage side of the fault can be accurately located, and the specific affected power users can be refined to solve the problem of ambiguity in the analysis of related technologies where only the high-voltage fault is known, but the specific load impact of the medium-voltage side is unknown.

[0100] In some optional implementations, a power supply path topology search is performed based on the voltage level of the fault originating substation to obtain initial grid fault range data. This also includes: if the fault originating substation is at the second voltage level, a power supply path topology search is performed with the calculation node bus determined by the fault originating substation as the starting point of the topology search, and the calculation node bus and substations of each voltage level searched are recorded until the topology reaches the end outgoing load.

[0101] The second voltage level can be configured as 220kV. Specifically, if the voltage level of the fault originating substation is 220kV, then the calculation node bus of that substation is taken as the starting point, and the topology is performed downwards, recording all voltage level calculation node buses and substations that can be topologically topologically topologically, until the topology reaches the end outgoing load.

[0102] In this way, the calculation node busbars of the second voltage level can be traversed under the starting point of the second voltage level fault. As an intermediate level, the second voltage level has its buses as key nodes for fault propagation. When traversing these buses, the specific path of fault propagation can be traced through the changes in their voltage and power flow, and it can be determined which buses are directly affected by the fault and which are indirectly affected, thereby accurately delineating the influence boundary of the fault at this voltage level.

[0103] In some optional implementations, a power supply path topology search is performed based on the voltage level of the fault originating substation to obtain initial grid fault range data. This also includes: if the fault originating substation is at the third voltage level, a power supply path topology search is performed with the substation at the second voltage level upstream of the fault originating substation as the topology search starting point, and the searched load equipment is recorded.

[0104] The third voltage level substation can be a substation of 110kV or below. Specifically, if the voltage level of the substation originating from the fault is 110kV or below, a fault on a 110kV line will not only affect the downstream load supplied by that line, but will also cause load fluctuations on other lines supplied by the upstream 220kV substation. The load fluctuations of all downstream power supply areas can be analyzed starting from the upstream 220kV substation. By tracing the power supply path, the upstream 220kV substation of the 110kV substation can be obtained. Deep topology analysis can be performed on this 220kV substation, and the analysis can be stopped after incorporating all load conditions downstream of the 220kV calculation node bus into the initial grid fault range data. This approach accurately reflects the extent of the fault's impact.

[0105] In some optional implementations, based on power grid fault information, initial power grid load fluctuation data in the target area characterized by power grid fault information is obtained, including: determining the initial power grid load fluctuation data based on the maximum value of line load change within a preset time period.

[0106] In this embodiment, based on the target area characterized by power grid fault information, historical load data of the region can be obtained from the power grid control cloud platform. That is, the historical active power value of all load lines within one month can be used for subsequent initial power grid load fluctuation data analysis, or the historical data results can be automatically updated according to the time range.

[0107] In the historical load data, the load curve of 24 points within one month is obtained for each load line. The load changes for each hour on weekdays and holidays are studied to investigate the changes of the line in different time periods. Then, the change rate within the same time period is averaged to form the daily average load growth rate curve.

[0108] Specifically, the granularity of the analysis can be reduced by analyzing the minute-by-minute changes of all loads within half-hour and hourly cycles. The maximum load voltage drop within a cycle is statistically analyzed as the maximum rate of change for that cycle, while the average load voltage drop within that cycle is analyzed as the average rate of change. Secondly, the average load change for each time period within a month is extracted as the normal load fluctuation rate for that time period. Finally, seasonal divisions are made for different months, and the trends within the same season are unified to form the normal load fluctuation rate for each time period within that season. Through these steps, the initial power grid load fluctuation data for each load line in the region is calculated. Figure 7 The initial grid load fluctuation data for lines of different voltage levels provided in this application are shown, which can be used for load loss analysis.

[0109] In this way, by extracting the load change trends in different seasons and time periods, the normal load fluctuation rate is solved, and the normal load fluctuation rate is periodically corrected; by acquiring key information such as the analysis object, fault time, and fault delay, fault simulation is performed to realistically reflect the impact range of the fault. At the same time, the actual automatic device operation principle is simulated, the existing automatic devices are analyzed, and the actual power outage range of the fault is analyzed. In addition, considering the impact of the normal load fluctuation rate and automatic devices, the impact of all equipment within the power supply range before and after the fault is analyzed, thereby quickly analyzing the load loss under the fault and the impact on users.

[0110] Secondly, for situations involving grid-wide oscillations, the method can be expanded to start from all 500kV substations in the grid and extend downstream to all power supply areas. Using this method, the impact of grid-wide oscillations on the power grid can be analyzed. Load fluctuations across the entire grid are not affected by regional limitations. The system, based on the actual power supply relationships of the power grid and the entire power supply area of ​​the topology, can effectively monitor the impact range of faults within the supply area. Especially in scenarios where the same power supply network has multiple regional supply areas, it can address the impact of cross-regional faults, thereby achieving the goal of rapid load loss analysis considering the impact of grid fluctuations. This application can also be applied to specific scenarios, such as power grid load loss analysis under natural disasters like strong winds, earthquakes, and mudslides.

[0111] In some optional implementations, the regional power grid section closest to the fault time can be retrieved based on the fault time in the power grid fault information and loaded into the base-state section for load loss in the study state. A power grid section represents a set of electrical components along a specific area or path in a power system. These components can be lines or transformers, etc., and collectively undertake the power transmission task between the area and the external power grid. The base-state section represents a set of transmission lines with the same active power flow direction and similar electrical distance under a certain base-state power flow; it is a description of the transmission section under a baseline state.

[0112] In some alternative implementations, the results of the power grid load loss analysis can also be visualized, including: displaying the load loss statistics by power supply path, or displaying the load loss statistics by power supply range.

[0113] The load loss statistics are displayed by power supply path. The statistics can be compiled from bottom to top by power supply path to count all load losses caused by the fault. For each substation, only the outgoing line load is counted (e.g., 10kV and 35kV for this substation). The total load loss of the region is obtained by summing the total load of all districts and counties to which the substation belongs. Direct load loss is identified when the load directly becomes 0 after the fault, while indirect load loss is identified when the load decreases. Finally, some electric railway substations with impact loads are deducted to obtain the actual load loss of the region.

[0114] The load loss statistics are displayed by power supply range. The system can count all load losses caused by the fault from top to bottom by power supply range. It can obtain load data before and after the fault from three dimensions: region, county, and 220kV substation. It can intuitively present the load loss situation in each range, which is especially suitable for scenarios where there are multiple power supply ranges of the same 220kV substation.

[0115] In some optional implementations, based on the initial grid fault range data, the corrected grid fault range data, and the component data, the information and analysis results can be used to associate the lost load equipment, the out-of-power equipment, the important users, and the sensitive users, output all users affected by this fault, and present them step by step in the form of the main transformer connected to the substation, the bus connected to the main transformer, the load connected to the bus, and the user connected to the load, so as to assess the impact of this fault.

[0116] In some optional implementations, multiple sources of information, such as fault tripping information, protection action information, load loss status, power outage impact range, and impact on important users, can be automatically integrated. Fault reports can be automatically generated and centrally managed according to a custom template format. After the fault report is generated, it is pushed to the relevant default fault receiving groups through a unified SMS platform. To minimize fault information management, diverse groups can be established, including user groups that only receive fault information of equipment involving asset units, receive information according to the voltage level of the faulty equipment, and receive information according to different user types. This ensures that users are informed of the scope of the fault impact as soon as possible.

[0117] Figure 8 A schematic flowchart of another method for power grid load loss analysis provided in this application is shown. Figure 8 As shown, the method for power grid load loss analysis includes:

[0118] Step S901: Obtain power grid fault information, which includes: fault analysis event object, fault time, fault delay, fault area identifier, scan type, and whether impact loads are considered.

[0119] Step S902: Based on the fault time in the power grid fault information, obtain the power grid section before the fault, and characterize the base state section for load loss analysis based on the power grid section before the fault.

[0120] Step S903: Based on the fault analysis event objects in the power grid fault information, determine the fault originating plant / station.

[0121] Step S904: Determine whether the fault analysis event object is a line. If yes, proceed to step S905; otherwise, proceed to step S906.

[0122] Step S905: Determine whether the two ends of the line in the fault analysis event object are substations of the same voltage level. If yes, proceed to step S908; otherwise, proceed to step S907.

[0123] Step S906: Take the plant to which the faulty equipment belongs as the starting plant of the fault, that is, the starting plant of the topology search, and proceed to step S909.

[0124] Step S907: Take the substation on the high voltage level side of the line as the fault starting substation, i.e. the topology search starting substation, and proceed to step S909.

[0125] Step S908: The substations at both ends of the line in the fault analysis event object are all taken as the fault starting substations.

[0126] Step S909: Based on the fault originating substation, perform a topology search on the power supply range to obtain the downstream affected loads.

[0127] Step S910: Based on the fault analysis event objects in the power grid fault information, perform fault simulation power flow calculation and analyze the power outage range after the fault, i.e., the initial power grid fault range data.

[0128] Step S911: Based on the power flow and switch positions before and after the fault, perform automatic device analysis, correct the initial power grid fault range data, and determine the corrected power grid fault range data.

[0129] Step S912: By combining the measurement changes before and after the load fault, the initial grid load fluctuation data, and the related users, the grid load loss analysis results are obtained.

[0130] Step S913: Based on the power grid load loss analysis results, generate a fault report and send the fault report to relevant users through a unified SMS platform.

[0131] This allows for power grid load loss analysis under extreme weather or special scenarios, resolving the distortion issues in load loss analysis caused by factors such as cross-regional faults, normal power grid load fluctuations, and the activation of automatic devices. It provides an effective theoretical basis for optimizing the power grid structure and further promotes the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0132] This embodiment also provides an apparatus for power grid load loss analysis, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0133] This embodiment provides an apparatus for power grid load loss analysis. Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the device for power grid load loss analysis provided in this application is shown, as follows: Figure 9 As shown, it includes:

[0134] The first module 1001 is used to obtain initial power grid load fluctuation data in the target area represented by power grid fault information based on historical power grid operation data and power grid fault information.

[0135] The second module 1002 is used to perform fault simulation based on power grid fault information and obtain initial power grid fault range data. The initial power grid fault range data includes at least one of the following power outage types: total station power outage, power outage bus, and power outage main transformer.

[0136] The third module 1003 is used to determine whether an automatic reclosing device or an automatic backup power supply device has been activated if a total power failure is detected; and to determine whether a low-voltage automatic backup power supply device has been activated if a power failure bus or main transformer has been detected.

[0137] The fourth module 1004 is used to remove devices powered by automatic reclosing devices, automatic transfer switches, and low-voltage automatic transfer switches from the initial grid fault range data, and to determine the corrected grid fault range data.

[0138] The fifth module 1005 is used to determine the indirect load loss based on the initial grid fault range data, the loads that exceed the initial grid load fluctuation data after the automatic device is activated but have not completely lost power. The automatic devices include an automatic reclosing device, an automatic transfer switch for backup power, and an automatic transfer switch for low-voltage backup power.

[0139] The sixth module 1006 is used to determine the direct load loss based on the loads whose load change after the fault is less than or equal to a preset power flow threshold in the corrected power grid fault range data, and to determine the power grid load loss based on the sum of the indirect load loss and the direct load loss.

[0140] In some alternative implementations, the third module 1003 includes:

[0141] The first unit of the third module is used to determine the highest voltage level line of a power-out substation where there is a complete power outage. If the highest voltage level line is energized before and after the fault, it is determined that the automatic reclosing device has been activated, but no judgment is made on whether the automatic backup power supply device has been activated. If the power flow of the highest voltage level line is greater than the preset power flow threshold, it indicates that the highest voltage level line is energized.

[0142] In some alternative implementations, the third module 1003 further includes:

[0143] The second unit of the third module is used to determine that the target substation has an automatic backup power supply device activated if it is determined that no automatic reclosing device has been activated, and the target substation is in parallel operation, and if the first bus tie switch is in the closed state, the power flow before the first line fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, the power flow after the first line fault is less than or equal to the preset power flow threshold, the power flow before the second line fault is less than or equal to the preset power flow threshold, and the power flow after the second line fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold; wherein, the first line and the second line are respectively connected to the first bus tie switch.

[0144] In some alternative implementations, the third module 1003 further includes:

[0145] The third module, third unit, is used to determine that the target substation has an automatic backup power supply device activated if it is determined that no automatic reclosing device has been activated, and the target substation is in split operation, and if the first bus tie switch is in the open state, the power flow before the first line fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, the power flow after the first line fault is less than or equal to the preset power flow threshold, the power flow before the second line fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, and the power flow after the second line fault is greater than the power flow before the fault by a preset multiple; wherein the first line and the second line are respectively connected to the first bus tie switch.

[0146] In some alternative implementations, the third module 1003 further includes:

[0147] The third module, fourth unit, is used to determine if the target substation has an automatic low-voltage backup power supply device activated when the second bus tie switch is closed, the power flow of the second main transformer before the fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, the second main transformer is not under load after the fault, the first main transformer is not under load before the fault, and the power flow of the first main transformer after the fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold. The first and second main transformers are respectively connected to the second bus tie switch.

[0148] In some alternative implementations, the third module 1003 further includes:

[0149] The fifth unit of the third module is used to determine whether the low-voltage standby power supply automatic transfer device has been activated when the target substation is in the busbar split operation state, if the second bus tie switch is in the open state, the power flow of the second main transformer before the fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, the second main transformer is not under load after the fault, the power flow of the first main transformer before the fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, and the power flow of the first main transformer after the fault is greater than the preset multiple of the power flow before the fault; wherein, the first main transformer and the second main transformer are respectively connected to the second bus tie switch.

[0150] In some alternative implementations, the third module 1003 further includes:

[0151] The sixth unit of the third module is used to determine that the first substation is completely de-energized if all busbars in the first substation are in a state of undervoltage; and in the case of a line transformer group connection in the second substation, if both the busbars and the main transformer in the second substation are in a state of undervoltage, it is determined that the second substation is completely de-energized.

[0152] Further functional descriptions of the above modules and units are the same as those in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0153] In this embodiment, the device for power grid load loss analysis is presented in the form of a functional unit. Here, a unit refers to an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) circuit, a processor and memory that execute one or more software or fixed programs, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.

[0154] This invention also provides a computer device having the above-described features. Figure 9 The apparatus shown is used for power grid load loss analysis.

[0155] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 10As shown, the computer device includes one or more processors 111, memory 112, and interfaces for connecting the components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. The components communicate with each other via different buses and can be mounted on a common motherboard or otherwise installed as needed. The processors can process instructions executed within the computer device, including instructions stored in or on memory to display graphical information of a graphical user interface on an external input / output device (such as a display device coupled to the interface). In some alternative implementations, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used with multiple memories and multiple memory modules, if desired. Similarly, multiple computer devices can be connected, each providing some of the necessary operations (e.g., as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multiprocessor system). Figure 10 Take a processor 111 as an example.

[0156] Processor 111 may be a central processing unit, a network processor, or a combination thereof. Processor 111 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device (CAMP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose array logic (GPRS), or any combination thereof. The aforementioned memory 112 stores instructions executable by at least one processor 111 to cause the at least one processor 111 to perform the methods shown in the above embodiments.

[0157] The memory 112 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the computer device. Furthermore, the memory 112 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some alternative embodiments, the memory 112 may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor 111, and these remote memories may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0158] The memory 112 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory; the memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory, hard disk or solid-state drive; the memory 112 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0159] The computer device also includes an input device 113 and an output device 114. The processor 111, memory 112, input device 113, and output device 114 can be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 10 Taking the example of a connection between China and Israel via a bus.

[0160] Input device 113 can receive input numerical or character information, and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the computer device, such as a touchscreen, keypad, mouse, trackpad, touchpad, joystick, one or more mouse buttons, trackball, joystick, etc. Output device 114 may include a display device, auxiliary lighting device (e.g., light-emitting diode), and haptic feedback device (e.g., vibration motor). The aforementioned display device includes, but is not limited to, liquid crystal displays, light-emitting diodes, displays, and plasma displays. In some alternative embodiments, the display device may be a touchscreen.

[0161] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described above according to embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as computer code that can be recorded on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded via a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code, which, when accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, implements the methods shown in the above embodiments.

[0162] A portion of this invention can be applied as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, can invoke or provide the methods and / or technical solutions according to the invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art will understand that the forms in which computer program instructions exist in a computer-readable medium include, but are not limited to, source files, executable files, installation package files, etc. Correspondingly, the ways in which computer program instructions are executed by a computer include, but are not limited to: the computer directly executing the instructions, or the computer compiling the instructions and then executing the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reading and executing the instructions, or the computer reading and installing the instructions and then executing the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium can be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to a computer.

[0163] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for power grid load loss analysis, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on historical power grid operation data and power grid fault information, the initial power grid load fluctuation data within the target area represented by the power grid fault information is obtained; Based on the power grid fault information, fault simulation is performed to obtain initial power grid fault range data. The initial power grid fault range data includes at least one of the following power outage types: total station power outage, power outage bus, and power outage main transformer. If a complete power outage is determined, based on the complete power outage, it is determined whether an automatic reclosing device or an automatic backup power supply device has been activated; if a power outage occurs on a bus or a main transformer, based on the power outage on a bus or a main transformer, it is determined whether an automatic low-voltage backup power supply device has been activated. In the initial power grid fault range data, devices powered by automatic reclosing devices, automatic transfer switches for backup power, and automatic transfer switches for low-voltage backup power are removed to determine the corrected power grid fault range data. Based on the initial grid fault range data, the loads that exceed the initial grid load fluctuation data after the automatic device is activated but have not completely lost power are determined, and the automatic device includes the automatic reclosing device, the automatic backup power supply switching device, and the low-voltage backup power supply switching device. Based on the corrected power grid fault range data, the load with a post-fault load value of 0 is determined, and the power grid load loss is determined by summing the indirect load loss and the direct load loss.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of whether the automatic reclosing device or the automatic backup power supply device has been activated based on the total power outage includes: Identify the highest voltage level line of the power plant where the entire station has lost power; If the highest voltage level line is energized before and after the fault, it is determined that the automatic reclosing device has been activated, and no determination is made as to whether the automatic backup power supply device has been activated. If the power flow of the highest voltage level line is greater than a preset power flow threshold, it indicates that the highest voltage level line is energized.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method of determining whether an automatic reclosing device or an automatic backup power supply device has been activated based on the total power outage of the station also includes: If it is determined that the automatic reclosing device is not activated, and the target power station is in parallel operation, if the first bus tie switch is in the closed state, the power flow before the first line fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, the power flow after the first line fault is less than or equal to the preset power flow threshold, the power flow before the second line fault is less than or equal to the preset power flow threshold, and the power flow after the second line fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, it is determined that the target power station has the automatic backup power supply activation device activated. The first line and the second line are respectively connected to the first bus tie switch.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method of determining whether an automatic reclosing device or an automatic backup power supply device has been activated based on the total power outage of the station also includes: If it is determined that the automatic reclosing device is not activated, and the target power station is in split operation, if the first bus tie switch is in the open state, the power flow before the first line fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, the power flow after the first line fault is less than or equal to the preset power flow threshold, the power flow before the second line fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, and the power flow after the second line fault is greater than the power flow before the fault by a preset multiple, it is determined that the target power station has the automatic backup power supply device activated. The first line and the second line are respectively connected to the first bus tie switch.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The determination of whether a low-voltage backup power supply automatic transfer device has been activated based on the de-energized busbar or the de-energized main transformer includes: If the target power plant is operating in parallel with the busbars, and the second bus tie switch is closed, the power flow of the second main transformer before the fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, the second main transformer is not under load after the fault, the first main transformer is not under load before the fault, and the power flow of the first main transformer after the fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, it is determined that the target power plant has the low-voltage backup power automatic transfer device activated. The first main transformer and the second main transformer are respectively connected to the second bus tie switch.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The determination of whether a low-voltage backup power supply automatic transfer device has been activated based on the de-energized busbar or the de-energized main transformer includes: If the target power plant is operating with its busbars split, and if the second bus tie switch is in the open state, the power flow of the second main transformer before the fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, the second main transformer is not under load after the fault, the power flow of the first main transformer before the fault is greater than the preset power flow threshold, and the power flow of the first main transformer after the fault is greater than the preset multiple of the power flow before the fault, it is determined that the target power plant has the low-voltage backup power automatic transfer device activated. The first main transformer and the second main transformer are respectively connected to the second bus tie switch.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination that the entire station has lost power includes: If all busbars in the first substation are in a state of undervoltage, it is determined that the first substation is completely de-energized. If the busbar and main transformer in the second substation are both in the aforementioned undervoltage state, and there is a line transformer connection in the second substation, then the second substation is deemed to be completely de-energized.

8. An apparatus for analyzing power grid load loss, characterized in that, The device includes: The first module is used to obtain initial power grid load fluctuation data within the target area represented by the power grid fault information based on historical power grid operation data and power grid fault information. The second module is used to perform fault simulation based on the power grid fault information and obtain initial power grid fault range data. The initial power grid fault range data includes at least one of the following power outage types: total power outage, power outage bus, and power outage main transformer. The third module is used to determine whether an automatic reclosing device or an automatic backup power supply device has been activated if the entire station is found to have lost power; and to determine whether a low-voltage automatic backup power supply device has been activated if the power bus or the main transformer has lost power. The fourth module is used to remove devices powered by automatic reclosing devices, automatic transfer switches, and low-voltage automatic transfer switches from the initial power grid fault range data, and to determine the corrected power grid fault range data. The fifth module is used to determine indirect load loss based on the initial grid fault range data, the loads that exceed the initial grid load fluctuation data after the automatic device is activated but have not completely lost power. The automatic device includes the automatic reclosing device, the automatic backup power supply switching device, and the automatic low-voltage backup power supply switching device. The sixth module is used to determine the direct load loss based on the load with a load value of 0 after the fault in the corrected power grid fault range data, and to determine the power grid load loss based on the sum of the indirect load loss and the direct load loss.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, include: A memory and a processor are communicatively connected, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the method for power grid load loss analysis as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the method for power grid load loss analysis as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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