Integral lifting appliance for crane

Abstract

The invention provides an integral lifting appliance for a crane, the lifting appliance is hung on a lifting arm and is in butt joint with goods through the lifting appliance, a winch device is arranged on the lifting appliance, and the integral lifting appliance is characterized in that the winch device comprises four winches symmetrically arranged on the lifting appliance; a butt joint guide device connected with a steel wire rope on a winch device is arranged along the lower end of the lifting appliance, the lower end of the butt joint guide device is connected with a butt joint device, a damping device is arranged between the lifting appliance and the lifting arm and comprises a first oil cylinder and a second oil cylinder, and the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder are located in the horizontal longitudinal direction of the lifting appliance. The extending directions of the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder are opposite, the output shaft of the first oil cylinder is connected with one side of the lifting appliance, the output shaft of the second oil cylinder is connected with the other side of the lifting appliance, and the lifting appliance is good in balance and stability, safe and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lifting equipment technology, and specifically to an integral lifting equipment for cranes. Background Technology

[0002] Cranes, as heavy lifting equipment, require the use of lifting devices. Existing lifting devices are generally connected to wire ropes driven by a winch to lift heavy objects. However, during the lifting process using wire ropes, the wire ropes on the lifting device are easily affected by the external environment, causing the lifting device to be in an unbalanced state, which in turn affects the accuracy of the lifting process. At the same time, the relative position between the wire rope and the load and the lifting device is not fixed during the lifting process, which will cause the entire lifted load to sway at the lower end of the lifting device, resulting in poor balance of the entire lifting device.

[0003] For example, patent application number 202311252752.2, published on December 22, 2023, discloses a lifting device and hoisting equipment. The lifting device includes a base and multiple pivoting mechanisms mounted on the base. Each pivoting mechanism includes a pivot pin rotatably connected to the base, a drive unit fixedly mounted on the base and driving the pivot pin to rotate, and a transmission unit connected between the drive unit and the pivot pin. The pivot pin includes a rotating shaft passing through the base. The drive unit includes a drive output shaft, the central axis of which is parallel to the central axis of the rotating shaft. The transmission unit includes a linkage mechanism connecting the drive output shaft and the rotating shaft. By setting a drive system for each pivot pin individually, the hoisting equipment with this lifting device has a safer and more reliable performance.

[0004] The above-mentioned literature relies solely on a motor-driven pivot pin for docking. It selectively locks or releases the suspended object through the rotation of a pivot mechanism. However, this method, which locks the wire rope to stop or release the object, requires a lifting structure between the lifting device and the object. Furthermore, it cannot guarantee that the lower end of the lifting device is symmetrically docked with the object during lifting, thus ensuring the balance of the load. It merely locks the load to the device to prevent the wire rope from swaying; it cannot guarantee an accurate and reliable balanced connection between the wire rope and the device. It cannot perform docking and positioning between the lifting device and the object. The upper connection structure of the lifting device is also susceptible to external environmental influences. When the upper wire rope is affected by external factors, it is prone to lateral swaying, resulting in poor overall device balance. Moreover, for lifting devices connected by hinges, it cannot guarantee that the device will remain vertically downward and will not sway left or right after the device swings, thus affecting the reliability of the lifting operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an integral lifting device for cranes, which has good balance and stability, and is safe and reliable.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: an integral lifting device for a crane, wherein the lifting device is mounted on a crane boom, and a winch device is provided on the lifting device. The winch device includes four winches symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the lifting device. A docking guide device connected to the wire rope on the winch device is provided along the lower end of the lifting device. The docking guide device includes a conical part arranged along the four sides of the lifting device. The conical part is fixedly connected to the lifting device. A conical body is provided at the tail end of the wire rope. A conical hole matching the conical body is provided on the conical part. After the conical body abuts against the conical hole, there is a gap between the upper end of the conical body and the connection point between the conical hole and the lifting device. A damping device is provided between the lifting device and the boom. The damping device includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder. The first cylinder and the second cylinder are located in the horizontal longitudinal direction of the lifting device. The extension directions of the first cylinder and the second cylinder are opposite to each other. The output shaft of the first cylinder is hinged to one side of the lifting device, and the output shaft of the second cylinder is hinged to the other side of the lifting device. The rodless chamber of the first cylinder is connected to the rod chamber of the second cylinder to form an oil circuit L1. The rodless chamber of the second cylinder is connected to the rod chamber of the first cylinder to form an oil circuit L2. An oil circuit L3 and a protective oil circuit L4 are provided between oil circuits L1 and L2. A logic valve is provided on oil circuit L3. The first end of the logic valve is connected to oil circuit L1, and the second end of the logic valve is connected to one end of a throttle valve. When the first and second ends of the logic valve are locked, oil circuits L1 and L2 are disconnected. The winch device retracts and releases the wire rope, causing the rope ring to move, so that the cone body abuts against the cone part. The protective oil circuit L4 is connected to an oil inlet L5. When the lifting device is in a sway-stopping state, oil inlet L5 enters the protective oil circuit L4 to replenish oil circuits L1 or L2. Oil circuit L2 enters oil circuit L1 through oil circuit L3, so that the first cylinder and the second cylinder are in a balanced state.

[0007] The above setup incorporates a damping device between the spreader and the boom to control the spreader's swing. When lifting cargo, the first and second hydraulic cylinders are locked via hydraulic circuit control. In the locked state, hydraulic inlet L5 and hydraulic inlet L3 are disconnected, thus disconnecting hydraulic inlet L1 and L2. This connects the rodless chamber of the first cylinder with the rod chamber of the second cylinder, and vice versa. The pressure in the rod chambers of the first and second cylinders is too high to allow flow, thus maintaining a locked state and fixing the upper end of the lifting device. Then, the winch devices are symmetrically arranged on the lifting device, which keeps the lifting device in a balanced state and also provides a certain counterweight. Activating the winch device drives the wire rope to be wound up, which in turn drives the cone in the connecting wire device to abut against the bottom of the lifting device under the guidance of the truncated cone, thus achieving a rigid connection of the wire rope and ensuring the reliability of the rope loop and the connection of the lifting device. This makes the entire connection method of the lifting device reliable and the lifting device highly safe.

[0008] After the rope loop is connected to the lifting device, the vibration caused by the instantaneous impact of the object is damped by the damping device. The first and second hydraulic cylinders extend horizontally relative to each other, connecting to both sides of the lifting device. When the lifting device deviates to one side, if the first hydraulic cylinder on the left is compressed, the second hydraulic cylinder on the right will be extended, and vice versa. Hydraulic oil is input into the protection circuit L4 through the inlet circuit L5. If the first hydraulic cylinder is in the retracted state, the second hydraulic cylinder... Oil in the rodless chamber of the first cylinder tends to flow out, thus flowing out through oil circuit L1. Because the second cylinder needs to extend, the pressure in the rod chamber of the second cylinder is greater than that in the rodless chamber, preventing oil from returning to the rod chamber of the second cylinder through oil circuit L1. This controls the logic valve to switch, making the first and second terminals of the logic valve open. Then, oil flows through oil circuit L3 into oil circuit L2, respectively entering the rod chamber of the first cylinder and the rodless chamber of the second cylinder to achieve pressure balance. Simultaneously, to ensure the motion state, when the first... When the first cylinder is retracted and the second cylinder is extended, the pressure in the rod chamber of the first cylinder is low. Oil from the control inlet circuit L5 enters the protection circuit L4, causing the rod chamber of the first cylinder connected to the protection circuit L4 to retract. This reduces the pressure in the rod chamber, thus opening the protection circuit L4 and allowing oil to flow into the rod chamber of the first cylinder and the rodless chamber of the second cylinder. This ensures that the first and second cylinders maintain balance under the action of oil replenishment and flow, ensuring stability in the anti-oscillation state. The lower protection balance is maintained. When the first cylinder is extended and the second cylinder is retracted, the pressure in the rod chamber of the first cylinder is higher and the pressure in the rod chamber of the second cylinder is lower. The oil in the control oil inlet L5 enters the protection oil circuit L4 through the oil inlet L5, and then the protection oil circuit L4 is opened, so that the oil can enter the oil circuit L2. Thus, the balance and stability of the spreader are guaranteed from both the upper and lower ends. At the same time, even if oscillation occurs, the hydraulic circuit can achieve the anti-sway effect.

[0009] Furthermore, the lifting device includes a base, and a winch mounting seat is provided in the middle of the base. The winch device includes a winch drive device, and the winch mounting seat is used to install the winch drive device. The winch drive device drives four winches to operate synchronously.

[0010] The above configuration includes a winch mounting base in the middle of the base for mounting the winch drive unit. Since the winch unit is located in the middle of the lifting device, the relatively heavy drive unit of the winch can be fixed in the middle, ensuring the stability of the lifting device after the winch drive unit is installed.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the conical portion is provided with a first through hole, and the lifting device is provided with a second through hole. The first through hole and the second through hole are connected and their centers are located on the same axis.

[0012] With the above configuration, the first and second through holes are connected and their centers are on the same axis, ensuring that the wire rope can move in a straight line when passing through the first and second through holes, thus reducing the friction between the wire rope and the through hole wall.

[0013] Furthermore, the conical portion includes an abutment portion, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the inner wall of the conical hole gradually decreases from the abutment portion toward the first through hole; the conical body includes a guide portion and a locking portion, the guide portion is located at the top of the conical body, the locking portion is located below the guide portion, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the locking portion is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the abutment portion.

[0014] In the above configuration, the cross-sectional area of ​​the conical part gradually decreases from the abutment part towards the first through hole, forming a guide slope. This slope guides the cone to smoothly enter the conical part, reducing positional deviation during docking and improving docking accuracy. The guide part is located at the top of the cone, allowing the cone to enter the conical part more smoothly when approaching it, thereby reducing positional deviation during docking and improving docking accuracy. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the locking part is larger than that of the abutment part, when the locking part on the cone abuts against the abutment part on the cone, the cone cannot move upwards any further, and the rope loop will not loosen or wobble.

[0015] Furthermore, the end of the wire rope is connected to a rope loop, the cone is fixedly connected to the rope loop, a third through hole is provided in the middle of the cone, the rope loop includes an extension part and a ring part, the extension part is connected to the ring part, and the third through hole is connected to the extension part.

[0016] The above configuration ensures a secure connection between the cone and the rope loop, preventing them from loosening or separating during hoisting. When the cone extends into the conical part, the conical part limits its movement. The cone connects to the extension part through the third through hole, further limiting the rope loop and reducing swaying and offset during hoisting, making the hoisting operation more stable.

[0017] Furthermore, the cone is made of nylon, and a baffle is installed on the steel wire rope in the gap. The middle part of the baffle is fixedly connected to the steel wire rope, and the two sides of the baffle abut against the inner wall of the cone hole. There is a gap between the baffle and the top of the cone.

[0018] The above setup, since the cone is made of nylon, includes a baffle plate at the top. When the nylon cone deforms under impact, the baffle plate can limit the large deformation force, preventing excessive deformation that could cause the cone to fail to return to its original state and resulting in poor docking guidance. At the same time, the baffle plate can further resist the excessive upward impact force of the rope ring on the cone, preventing the rope ring from breaking out of the cone.

[0019] Furthermore, a throttle valve is also installed on the oil circuit L3. The second end of the logic valve is connected to one end of the throttle valve, and the other end of the throttle valve is connected to the oil circuit L2. The logic valve is a two-position two-way directional valve. The third end of the logic valve is connected to the control oil tank, and the fourth port of the logic valve is connected to the return oil pipe.

[0020] The above setup involves using a throttle valve on oil circuit L3 to restrict the flow of oil. When it is necessary to lock the operation of the first and second cylinders, oil is introduced through the third end of the logic valve to reverse the flow, connecting the first and second ends of the logic valve. This prevents hydraulic oil from flowing between oil circuits L1 and L2. Conversely, oil is introduced through the fourth end of the logic valve to reverse the flow to the right chamber, disconnecting the first and second ends of the logic valve and breaking the connection between oil circuits L1 and L2.

[0021] Furthermore, the protection oil circuit L4 includes a first check valve, a second check valve, a third check valve, a fourth check valve, and a relief valve. The outlet of the first check valve is connected to the oil circuit L1 and the other end of the throttle valve. The inlet of the first check valve is connected to the inlet of the second check valve. The outlet of the second check valve is connected to the first end of the logic valve in the oil circuit L1. The inlet of the third check valve is connected to the oil circuit L2 and the outlet of the second check valve. The outlet of the third check valve is connected to the outlet of the fourth check valve and the inlet of the relief valve. The inlet of the fourth check valve is connected to the outlet of the first check valve in the oil circuit L2. The outlet of the relief valve is connected to the inlet of the first check valve, the inlet of the second check valve, and one end of the oil inlet circuit L5.

[0022] With the above configuration, when one side of the spreader suddenly experiences an impact load, the first cylinder retracts and the second cylinder extends. The oil pressure in the rodless chamber of the first cylinder is lower, while the oil pressure in the rodless chamber of the second cylinder is higher. Oil enters from the inlet line L5 and flows into the oil circuit L1 through the first check valve. When the other side of the spreader suddenly experiences an impact load, the first cylinder extends and the second cylinder retracts. The oil pressure in the rodless chamber of the first cylinder is higher, while the oil pressure in the rodless chamber of the second cylinder is lower. Oil enters from the inlet line L5 and flows into the oil circuit L2 through the second check valve. When the pressure in the rod chamber of the first cylinder in oil circuit L2 becomes excessive, it can be relieved through the fourth check valve, the relief valve, and the first check valve. At the same time, when the oil pressure in oil circuit L1 becomes excessive, it can also be relieved and circulated through the third check valve, the relief valve, and the second check valve, thus preventing the pressure in oil circuits L1 and L2 from continuously increasing, which could lead to cylinder deformation or oil pipe rupture.

[0023] Furthermore, the oil inlet circuit L5 includes a pressure reducing valve, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the first check valve and the inlet of the second check valve, the inlet of which is connected to the oil inlet pipe, and the control end of which is connected to the oil return pipe.

[0024] A first relief valve is also provided between the oil circuit L1 and the inlet of the third check valve. The first relief valve has ports A, B and Y. Port A of the first relief valve is connected to the oil circuit L1. A second relief valve is also provided between the oil circuit L2 and the inlet of the fourth check valve. The second relief valve has ports A, B and Y. Port A of the second relief valve is connected to the oil circuit L2. Ports B and Y of the first relief valve and ports B and Y of the second relief valve are all connected to the return oil pipe.

[0025] In the above setup, inlet oil line L5 is the initial input hydraulic oil. After passing through the pressure reducing valve, it protects against excessive pressure when entering the first and second check valves. Two relief valves protect oil lines L1 and L2. If the oil pressure in these lines is still too high, the first and second relief valves automatically release some oil when the pressure exceeds a set value. These valves provide overpressure protection for oil lines L1 and L2, respectively.

[0026] Furthermore, the boom is provided with two hinged mounting seats, the lifting device is provided with a hinged connecting seat, the hinged connecting seat is provided with a hinged lifting lug, the hinged lifting lug is matched with the hinged mounting seat, the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the boom, the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to one side of the hinged connecting seat, the cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the boom, and the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the other side of the hinged connecting seat.

[0027] The hinged connecting seat is connected to the lifting device. The hinged connecting seat is also provided with cylinder mounting seats on both sides. The lifting device is also provided with hinged assembly seats on both sides. The cylinder body of the first cylinder is hinged to a cylinder mounting seat. The output shaft of the first cylinder is hinged to a hinged assembly seat. The second cylinder is hinged to another cylinder mounting seat. The output shaft of the second cylinder is hinged to another hinged assembly seat.

[0028] In the above configuration, the hinged lifting lug is matched with the hinged mounting base, and the hinged lifting lug can rotate on the hinged mounting base by means of pins or bolts. Then, the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to one side of the hinged connecting base, and the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the other side of the hinged connecting base, thereby controlling the position of the lifting device.

[0029] Since the first and second cylinders between the hinged lifting lug and the hinged mounting base are in the horizontal longitudinal direction, a first and second cylinder in the horizontal transverse direction are also provided between the hinged connecting base and the lifting device. The first and second cylinders in the horizontal longitudinal direction and the first and second cylinders in the horizontal transverse direction are the same, thereby further controlling the position of the lifting device. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the lifting device and the docking guide device in this invention.

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the conical portion and the conical body in this invention.

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the arrangement of the winch device of the present invention on the lifting device.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a top view of the winch device of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a side view of the invention without the damping device. Figure 8 This is a side view of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 This is the front view of the locked state in this invention.

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic control principle of the damping device in this invention.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the process of the present invention.

[0040] Reference numerals: 1-Lifting device; 11b-Second through hole; 11-Base; 111-Wind mounting seat; 12-Wind drive device; 2-Wind device; 21-Guide wheel; 22-Wire rope; 23-Front winch; 24-Rear winch; 3-Conical part; 31-First through hole; 32-Abutting part; 4-Conical body; 41-Guide part; 42-Third through hole; 43-Snap-fitting part; 5-Rope loop; 51-Loop; 52-Extension part; 01-Boom; 011-Hinged mounting base; 021-First cylinder; 022-Second cylinder; 023-Third cylinder; 024-Fourth cylinder; 03-Hinged connection seat; 031-Cylinder mounting base; 032-Hinged lifting lug; 041-Hinged assembly seat; 5b-Rodless chamber; 6b-Rod chamber; 7-Throttle valve; 8-Logic valve; 9-First safety valve; 10-Second safety valve; L41 - First check valve; L42 - Second check valve; L43 - Third check valve; L44 - Fourth check valve; L45 - Relief valve; L51 - Pressure reducing valve. Detailed Implementation

[0041] like Figure 1-11 As shown, a crane integral lifting device 1 is mounted on a crane boom 01. The lifting device 1 is connected to the cargo. A winch device 2 is installed on the lifting device. The winch device 2 includes four winches symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the lifting device. The winch device 2 is used to wind up and unwind the wire rope. The winch device 2 is located on the lifting device 1. The lifting device 1 includes a base 11. A winch mounting seat 111 is provided in the middle of the base 11. The winch device 2 includes a winch drive device 12 and guide wheels 21. The winch mounting seat 111 is used to install the winch drive device. Device 12 is a winch drive motor. The winch drive device 12 drives the winch to rotate and realize the winding and unwinding of the wire rope. In this embodiment, a winch drive motor is provided on the winch mounting base 111. The winch drive motor is located in the middle of the lifting device, and one winch drive motor drives four winches to synchronously wind and unwind the rope. The two ends of the winch drive motor are provided with output ends. One output end meshes with two winches located on one side of the lifting device to realize synchronous rotation, and the other output end meshes with two winches located on the other side of the lifting device to realize synchronous rotation.

[0042] like Figure 7-10 As shown, the boom 01 is equipped with two boom hinge mounting seats, and the lifting device 1 is equipped with a hinge connecting seat 03. The hinge connecting seat 03 is equipped with a hinge lifting lug 032, which is matched with the boom hinge mounting seat. The first hydraulic cylinder 021 is hinged to the boom 01, and the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder 021 is hinged to one side of the hinge connecting seat 03. The second hydraulic cylinder 022 is hinged to the boom 01, and the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder 022 is hinged to the other side of the hinge connecting seat 03. The hinge lifting lug 032 and the boom hinge mounting seat are matched and installed along the lateral direction of the lifting device. The hinge lifting lug 032 can rotate on the boom hinge mounting seat by means of pins or bolts. Then, by hinged to one side of the hinge connecting seat 03 by the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder 021 and to the other side of the hinge connecting seat 03 by the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder 022, the position of the lifting device 1 is controlled.

[0043] The hinged connecting seat 03 is connected to the lifting device 1. Hydraulic cylinder mounting seats 031 are also provided on both sides of the hinged connecting seat 03, and hinged assembly seats 041 are also provided on both sides of the lifting device 1. The first hydraulic cylinder 021 is hinged to one hydraulic cylinder mounting seat 031, and the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder 021 is hinged to one hinged assembly seat 041. The second hydraulic cylinder 022 is hinged to another hydraulic cylinder mounting seat 031, and the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder 022 is hinged to another hinged assembly seat 041. Since the first hydraulic cylinder 021 and the second hydraulic cylinder 022 are in a horizontal longitudinal direction between the hinged lifting lug 032 and the hinged mounting seat, a [further details are needed for accurate translation]. The third and fourth hydraulic cylinders 023 and 024 are horizontally transverse, and the two horizontally transverse third and fourth hydraulic cylinders 023 and 024 are identically configured. One end of the third and fourth hydraulic cylinders 023 and 024 is fixed to the boom 01, and the output end of the third and fourth hydraulic cylinders 023 and 024 is fixedly connected to the hinged connecting seat 03. The installation distance between the boom 01 and the lifting device 1 can be easily controlled by the third and fourth hydraulic cylinders 023 and 024, thereby further controlling the position of the lifting device 1. In this embodiment, the control method of the first and second hydraulic cylinders in the horizontal longitudinal direction is the same as that of the third and fourth hydraulic cylinders in the horizontal transverse direction.

[0044] The lower end of the spreader 1 is equipped with a docking guide device, the lower end of which is connected to the upper end of the docking device, and the lower end of the docking device is connected to the connecting part at the upper end of the cargo.

[0045] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the docking guide device includes four conical parts 3, which are arranged along the four sides of the lifting device 1. The conical parts 3 are connected to the lifting device 1. The end of the wire rope 22 is provided with a rope loop 5, which is connected to the conical body 4. The conical parts 3 and the conical body 4 are matched and arranged. The winch device 2 winds up and releases the wire rope 22, which drives the rope loop 5 to move, so that the conical body 4 and the conical parts 3 come into contact.

[0046] The top of the conical part 3 is provided with a first through hole 31, and the lifting device 1 is provided with a second through hole 11b. The first through hole 31 and the second through hole 11b are connected and their centers are located on the same axis. The connection between the first through hole 31 and the second through hole 11b and their centers being located on the same axis ensures that the wire rope 22 can move in a straight line when passing through the two through holes, thereby reducing the friction between the wire rope 22 and the through hole wall.

[0047] The guide wheel 21 of the winch device 2 is located on one side of the second through hole 11b. The guide wheel 21 allows the wire rope 22 to pass through. The main function of the guide wheel 21 is to change the direction of movement of the wire rope 22 so that the wire rope 22 can pass through the first through hole 31 from the second through hole 11b.

[0048] The conical portion 3 includes an abutment portion 32. The cross-sectional area of ​​the conical portion 3 gradually decreases from the abutment portion 32 toward the first through hole 31, forming a guiding slope. This slope can guide the cone 4 to smoothly enter the conical portion 3, reducing positional deviation during docking and improving docking accuracy.

[0049] The cone 4 includes a guide portion 41 and a locking portion 43. The guide portion 41 is located at the top of the cone 4, and the locking portion 43 is located below the guide portion 41. The cross-sectional area of ​​the locking portion 43 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inner wall of the abutment portion 32. The guide portion 41 is located at the top of the cone 4, which allows the cone 4 to enter the cone 3 more smoothly when it approaches the cone 3, thereby reducing the positional deviation during docking and improving the docking accuracy. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the locking portion 43 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inner wall of the abutment portion 32, when the locking portion 43 on the cone 4 abuts against the abutment portion 32 on the cone 3, the cone 4 cannot move upward anymore, and the rope ring 5 will not loosen or shake.

[0050] The cone 4 is fixedly connected to the rope ring 5. A third through hole 42 is provided in the middle of the cone 4. The rope ring 5 includes an extension part 52 and a ring part 51. The extension part 52 is connected to the ring part 51. In one embodiment, the third through hole 42 and the extension part 52 are integrally provided. In another embodiment, the third through hole 42 and the extension part 52 are separately provided. The bottom of the extension part 52 is fixedly connected to the ring part 51. Then, the cone 4 and the rope ring 5 are fixedly connected by the interference fit between the extension part 52 and the third through hole 42. The fixed connection between the cone 4 and the rope ring 5 ensures a firm connection between the two, so that the cone 4 and the rope ring 5 will not loosen or separate during the hoisting process. When the cone 4 extends into the cone part 3, the cone part 3 limits the cone 4. The cone 4 abuts against the extension part 52 through the third through hole 42 to limit the rope ring 5, reducing the swaying and displacement during the hoisting process and making the hoisting operation more stable.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, a baffle plate 44 is provided on the wire rope 22 in the gap. The middle part of the baffle plate 44 is fixedly connected to the wire rope 22. The two sides of the baffle plate 44 abut against the inner wall of the conical hole. There is a gap between the lower side of the baffle plate 44 and the top surface of the cone 4.

[0052] like Figure 5-6 As shown, the winch device 2 includes a front winch 23 and a rear winch 24. The two front winches 23 are symmetrically distributed along one side of the lifting device 1, and the two rear winches 24 are symmetrically distributed along the other side of the lifting device 1. The front winches 23 and the rear winches 24 are symmetrically distributed at one end of the lifting device 1.

[0053] like Figure 7-10As shown, a damping device is provided between the lifting device 1 and the boom 01. The damping device includes a first cylinder 021 and a second cylinder 022. The first cylinder 021 and the second cylinder 022 are located in the horizontal longitudinal direction of the lifting device. The extension directions of the first cylinder 021 and the second cylinder 022 are opposite to each other. The output shaft of the first cylinder 021 is connected to one side of the lifting device 1, and the output shaft of the second cylinder 022 is connected to the other side of the lifting device 1. The rodless chamber 5b of the first cylinder 021 is connected to the rod chamber 6b of the second cylinder 022 to form an oil circuit L1. The rodless chamber 5b of the second cylinder 022 is connected to the rod chamber 6b of the first cylinder 021 to form an oil circuit L2. An oil circuit L3 is provided between oil circuit L1 and oil circuit L2. A throttle valve 7 and a logic valve 8 are provided on oil circuit L3. A protection oil circuit L4 is also provided between oil circuit L3 and oil circuit L1. The protection oil circuit L4 is connected to the oil inlet circuit L5.

[0054] like Figure 7-10 As shown, logic valve 8 is a two-position two-way directional valve. The first end of logic valve 8 is connected to oil circuit L1, the second end of logic valve 8 is connected to one end of throttle valve 7, and the other end of throttle valve 7 is connected to oil circuit L2. The first and second ends of logic valve 8 are in the open state when locked. The third end of logic valve 8 is connected to the control oil tank, and the fourth port of logic valve 8 is connected to the return oil pipe. When it is necessary to lock the action of the first cylinder 021 and the second cylinder 022, the logic valve is switched by oil entering through the third end of logic valve 8, so that the first and second ends of logic valve 8 are connected, thereby preventing hydraulic oil from flowing between oil circuit L1 and oil circuit L2. Conversely, the logic valve is switched to the right chamber by oil entering through the fourth end of logic valve 8, so that the first and second ends of logic valve 8 are disconnected, thereby disconnecting the flow between oil circuit L1 and oil circuit L2.

[0055] The protective oil circuit L4 includes a first check valve L41, a second check valve L42, a third check valve L43, a fourth check valve L44, and a relief valve L45. The outlet of the first check valve L41 is connected to the oil circuit L1 and the other end of the throttle valve. The inlet of the first check valve L41 is connected to the inlet of the second check valve L42. The outlet of the second check valve L42 is connected to the first end of the logic valve in the oil circuit L1. The inlet of the third check valve L43 is connected to the oil circuit L2 and the outlet of the second check valve. The outlet of the third check valve L43 is connected to the outlet of the fourth check valve L44 and the inlet of the relief valve L45. The inlet of the fourth check valve L44 is connected to the oil circuit L2 and the outlet of the first check valve. The outlet of the relief valve L45 is connected to the inlet of the first check valve L41, the inlet of the second check valve L42, and one end of the oil inlet circuit L5. When one side of the spreader 1 is suddenly subjected to an impact load, when one side of the spreader is suddenly subjected to an impact load... When a load is applied, the first cylinder 021 retracts and the second cylinder 022 extends. The oil pressure in the rodless chamber of the first cylinder 021 is lower, while the oil pressure in the rodless chamber of the second cylinder 022 is higher. Oil enters from inlet line L5 and flows into oil circuit L1 through the first check valve L41. When the other side of the lifting device is suddenly subjected to an impact load, the first cylinder 021 extends and the second cylinder 022 retracts. The oil pressure in the rodless chamber of the first cylinder 021 is higher, while the oil pressure in the rodless chamber of the second cylinder 022 is lower. Oil enters from inlet line L5 and flows into oil circuit L2 through the second check valve L42. When the pressure in the rod chamber of the first cylinder 021 in oil circuit L2 becomes excessive, it can be relieved through the fourth check valve L44, the relief valve, and the first check valve L41. Similarly, when the oil pressure in oil circuit L1 becomes excessive, it can be relieved and allowed to flow through the third check valve L43, the relief valve, and the second check valve L42, preventing oil flow problems in oil circuit L1. The continuous increase in L2 pressure caused the cylinder barrel to deform and the oil pipe to rupture.

[0056] The oil inlet circuit L5 includes a pressure reducing valve L51. The outlet of the pressure reducing valve L51 is connected to the inlet of the first check valve L41 and the inlet of the second check valve L42. The inlet of the pressure reducing valve L51 is connected to the oil inlet pipe, and the control end of the pressure reducing valve L51 is connected to the oil return pipe. The oil inlet circuit L5 is the initial input hydraulic oil. After passing through the pressure reducing valve L51, it will protect the first check valve L41 and the second check valve L42 to prevent excessive pressure.

[0057] A first relief valve 9 is also provided between oil circuit L1 and the third check valve L43. The first relief valve 9 has ports A, B, and Y. Port A of the first relief valve 9 is connected to oil circuit L1. A second relief valve 10 is also provided between oil circuit L2 and the fourth check valve L44. The second relief valve 10 has ports A, B, and Y. Port A of the second relief valve 10 is connected to oil circuit L2. Relief valve L45 protects between oil circuits L1 and L2. If the oil pressure is still too high after opening relief valve L45, it can be released through the first relief valve 9 and the second relief valve 10. The first relief valve 9 and the second relief valve 10 mainly start automatically when the oil pressure exceeds the set value to discharge part of the oil. The first relief valve 9 and the second relief valve 10 provide overpressure protection for oil circuits L1 and L2, respectively.

[0058] The working principle of this invention: The lifting device operates in two states: a locked state and a sway-stopping state. When lifting cargo, the upper end of the lifting device is first locked using the first and second hydraulic cylinders. Since the first and second cylinders are hinged to the upper end of the lifting device, the extension of the first cylinder and the retraction of the second cylinder allow the lifting device to move to a position deviating from the vertical suspension position. The lifting device then becomes vertical and unaffected by external environmental factors. The winch device 2 then winds up and unwinds the wire rope 22, moving the rope loop 5. During the contact between the cone 4 and the cone portion 3, the cone shape automatically achieves centering. Even if there is a slight initial deviation, the cone 4 will automatically adjust its position along the inclined surface of the cone portion 3, ultimately achieving precise centering and thus enabling the docking device to connect with the lifted cargo.

[0059] Since the lifting device 1 and the rope ring 5 are connected by the wire rope 22 in a flexible manner, when the rope ring 5 is carrying a heavy object, the cone 4 is inserted into the cone part 3 by the winch device 2, so that the cone 4 and the cone part 3 fit tightly together. The cone 4 is made of nylon, which has good impact resistance and wear resistance. It can not only reduce wear during frequent docking and separation, but also absorb and disperse impact force during the lifting process. As the wire rope 22 is further tightened, the flexible connection gradually transforms into a rigid connection, reducing swaying and offset during hoisting and making the hoisting operation more stable. In the locked state, the oil inlet circuit L5 is disconnected and the oil circuit L3 is disconnected, thereby disconnecting the oil circuits L1 and L2 from each other. This allows the rodless chamber of the first cylinder 021 and the rod chamber of the second cylinder 022 to connect, as well as the rod chamber of the first cylinder 021 and the rodless chamber of the second cylinder 022 to connect. However, the pressure in the rodless chamber of the first cylinder 021 and the rod chamber of the second cylinder 022 is too high to allow flow, thus maintaining the locked state.

[0060] When the cargo is hoisted to the highest point, the rope loop and the cone abut against the truncated cone. After reaching the highest point, it enters a stabilization state. In the stabilization state, the first and second hydraulic cylinders are synchronously extended and retracted through the hydraulic circuit control until a stable state is reached, thus realizing the transition from slight shaking to a stop.

[0061] The first hydraulic cylinder 021 and the second hydraulic cylinder 022 extend outwards in a horizontal longitudinal direction and are respectively connected to both sides of the lifting device 1. When the lifting device 1 is deviated to one side, if the first hydraulic cylinder 021 on the left side is squeezed, the second hydraulic cylinder 022 on the right side will be stretched. Similarly, when the first hydraulic cylinder 021 on the left side is stretched, the second hydraulic cylinder 022 on the right side will be squeezed.

[0062] First, hydraulic oil is input into the protection oil circuit L4 through the inlet oil circuit L5. If the first cylinder 021 is in the retracted state, the oil in the rodless chamber of the first cylinder 021 tends to flow out, thus flowing out through the oil circuit L1. Since the second cylinder 022 needs to extend, the pressure in the rod chamber of the second cylinder 022 is greater than that in the rodless chamber, preventing the oil from returning to the rod chamber of the second cylinder 022 through the oil circuit L1. This controls the logic valve 8 to switch, making the first and second ends of the logic valve 8 open. Then, the oil enters the oil circuit L2 through the oil circuit L3, respectively entering the rod chamber of the first cylinder 021 and the rodless chamber of the second cylinder 022 to achieve oil pressure balance. At the same time, in order to ensure the movement state, when the first cylinder 021 is in the retracted state and the second cylinder 022 is in the extended state, the pressure in the rod chamber of the first cylinder 021 is lower, controlling the inlet oil flow. After the oil in oil circuit L5 enters the protection oil circuit L4 through the oil inlet circuit L5, the rod chamber of the first cylinder 021 connected in the protection oil circuit L4 retracts, resulting in low pressure in the rod chamber of the first cylinder 021. This causes the protection oil circuit L4 to be open, allowing oil to enter the rod chamber of the first cylinder 021 and the rodless chamber of the second cylinder 022 in oil circuit L1. This ensures that the first cylinder 021 and the second cylinder 022 maintain balance under the action of oil replenishment and flow, ensuring balance protection in the anti-sway state. When the first cylinder 021 is in the extended state and the second cylinder 022 is in the retracted state, the pressure in the rod chamber of the first cylinder 021 is higher and the pressure in the rod chamber of the second cylinder 022 is lower. After the oil in the control oil inlet circuit L5 enters the protection oil circuit L4 through the oil inlet circuit L5, the protection oil circuit L4 is opened, allowing oil to enter the oil circuit L2.

Claims

1. A crane integral lifting device, the lifting device being mounted on a crane boom, the lifting device being equipped with a winch device, characterized in that: The winch device includes four winches symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the lifting device. A docking guide device connected to the wire rope on the winch device is arranged along the lower end of the lifting device. The lower end of the docking guide device is connected to the docking device. The docking guide device includes a conical part arranged along the four sides of the lifting device. The conical part is fixedly connected to the lifting device. A conical body is provided at the tail end of the wire rope. A conical hole matching the conical body is provided on the conical part. After the conical body and the conical hole abut against each other, there is a gap between the upper end of the conical body and the point where the conical hole is connected to the lifting device. A damping device is provided between the lifting device and the boom. The damping device includes a first hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic cylinder. The first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder are located in the horizontal longitudinal direction of the lifting device. The extension directions of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder are opposite to each other. The output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to one side of the lifting device, and the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the other side of the lifting device. The rodless chamber of the first cylinder is connected to the rod chamber of the second cylinder to form an oil circuit L1, and the rodless chamber of the second cylinder is connected to the rod chamber of the first cylinder to form an oil circuit L2. An oil circuit L3 and a protective oil circuit L4 are provided between oil circuits L1 and L2. A logic valve is provided on oil circuit L3. The first end of the logic valve is connected to oil circuit L1, the second end of the logic valve is connected to one end of a throttle valve, and the other end of the throttle valve is connected to oil circuit L2. When the first and second ends of the logic valve are locked, oil circuits L1 and L2 are disconnected. The winch device retracts and releases the wire rope, causing the rope ring to move, so that the cone body abuts against the cone part. The protective oil circuit L4 is connected to an oil inlet L5. When the lifting device is in a sway-stopping state, oil inlet L5 enters the protective oil circuit L4 to replenish oil circuits L1 or L2. Oil circuit L2 enters oil circuit L1 through oil circuit L3, so that the first and second cylinders are in a balanced state.

2. The integral lifting device for a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device includes a base, and a winch mounting seat is provided in the middle of the base. The winch device includes a winch drive device and a guide wheel. The winch mounting seat is used to install the winch drive device, and the winch drive device drives four winches to run synchronously.

3. The integral lifting device for a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the conical part is provided with a first through hole, and the lifting device is provided with a second through hole. The first through hole and the second through hole are connected and their centers are located on the same axis.

4. The integral lifting device for a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical portion includes an abutment portion, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the inner sidewall of the conical hole gradually decreases from the abutment portion toward the first through hole; the conical body includes a guide portion and a locking portion, the guide portion is located at the top of the conical body, the locking portion is located below the guide portion, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the locking portion is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the abutment portion.

5. The integral lifting device for a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the wire rope is connected to a rope loop, the cone is fixedly connected to the rope loop, a third through hole is provided in the middle of the cone, the rope loop includes an extension part and a ring part, the extension part is connected to the ring part, and the third through hole is connected to the extension part.

6. The integral lifting device for a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cone is made of nylon. A baffle is installed on the steel wire rope in the gap. The middle part of the baffle is fixedly connected to the steel wire rope. The two sides of the baffle abut against the inner wall of the cone hole. There is a gap between the baffle and the top of the cone.

7. The integral lifting device for a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: A throttle valve is also installed on oil circuit L3. The second end of the logic valve is connected to one end of the throttle valve, and the other end of the throttle valve is connected to oil circuit L2. The logic valve is a two-position two-way directional valve. The third end of the logic valve is connected to the control oil tank, and the fourth port of the logic valve is connected to the return oil pipe.

8. The integral lifting device for a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective oil circuit L4 includes a first check valve, a second check valve, a third check valve, a fourth check valve, and a relief valve. The outlet of the first check valve is connected to the oil circuit L1 and the other end of the throttle valve. The inlet of the first check valve is connected to the inlet of the second check valve. The outlet of the second check valve is connected to the first end of the logic valve in the oil circuit L1. The inlet of the third check valve is connected to the oil circuit L2 and the outlet of the second check valve. The outlet of the third check valve is connected to the outlet of the fourth check valve and the inlet of the relief valve. The inlet of the fourth check valve is connected to the outlet of the first check valve in the oil circuit L2. The outlet of the relief valve is connected to the inlet of the first check valve, the inlet of the second check valve, and one end of the oil inlet circuit L5.

9. The integral lifting device for a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil inlet circuit L5 includes a pressure reducing valve. The outlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the inlet of the first check valve and the inlet of the second check valve. The inlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the oil inlet pipe, and the control end of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the oil return pipe. A first relief valve is also provided between the oil circuit L1 and the inlet of the third check valve. The first relief valve has ports A, B and Y. Port A of the first relief valve is connected to the oil circuit L1. A second relief valve is also provided between the oil circuit L2 and the inlet of the fourth check valve. The second relief valve has ports A, B and Y. Port A of the second relief valve is connected to the oil circuit L2. Ports B and Y of the first relief valve and ports B and Y of the second relief valve are all connected to the return oil pipe.

10. A crane lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boom is provided with two hinged mounting seats, the lifting device is provided with a hinged connecting seat, the hinged connecting seat is provided with a hinged lifting lug, the hinged lifting lug is matched with the hinged mounting seat, the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the boom, the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to one side of the hinged connecting seat, the cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the boom, and the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the other side of the hinged connecting seat; The hinged connecting seat is connected to the lifting device. The hinged connecting seat is also provided with cylinder mounting seats on both sides. The lifting device is also provided with hinged assembly seats on both sides. The cylinder body of the first cylinder is hinged to a cylinder mounting seat. The output shaft of the first cylinder is hinged to a hinged assembly seat. The second cylinder is hinged to another cylinder mounting seat. The output shaft of the second cylinder is hinged to another hinged assembly seat.

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