Segmented horizontal shaft wind turbine generator main shaft with vibration damping

Abstract

The segmented horizontal shaft wind turbine generator main shaft with the vibration damping function comprises a shell, a main shaft front end, a main shaft middle end and a main shaft rear end, two supporting seats are fixed in the shell at intervals, and two bearing seats are fixed between the two supporting seats at intervals; the middle end of the main shaft is movably arranged in the bearing seats through supporting bearings, positioning ring seats are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of each bearing seat, pressing ring plates are movably arranged on one sides of the positioning ring seats and make contact with inner rings of the supporting bearings, and a plurality of sliding shafts are arranged between the two bearing seats at intervals; the problems that an existing wind turbine generator main shaft is limited in vibration reduction effect, fatigue damage of the main shaft and excessive abrasion of a bearing are easily caused by long-term vibration, and even serious faults such as deformation and breakage of the main shaft occur are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wind turbines, in particular to a segmented horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft with self-damping. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the core equipment in the field of clean energy, the operation stability and service life of the horizontal axis wind turbine directly affect the return on investment and energy supply efficiency of the wind power project. As the key transmission component of the wind turbine, the main shaft bears the core function of transmitting the mechanical energy captured by the wind wheel to the generator, and needs to bear the axial load, radial load and complex alternating stress generated during the rotation of the wind wheel.

[0003] In actual operation scenarios, wind turbines often face complex working conditions such as wind speed fluctuation, turbulent impact, and unit start-stop impact. These factors will cause the main shaft to vibrate continuously. The traditional horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft adopts a whole structure design, and its damping method usually relies on external installation of a damper or simply relies on the buffering performance of the bearing, which has limited damping effect. Long-term vibration can easily cause fatigue damage to the main shaft, excessive wear of the bearing, and even serious faults such as deformation and fracture of the main shaft.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new segmented horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft with self-damping to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a segmented horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft with self-damping, which solves the problem of limited damping effect of the existing wind turbine main shaft, long-term vibration easily causing fatigue damage to the main shaft, excessive wear of the bearing, and even serious faults such as deformation and fracture of the main shaft.

[0006] The segmented horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft with self-damping provided by the present application comprises a shell, a main shaft front end, a main shaft middle end and a main shaft rear end, two support seats are fixed inside the shell, two bearing seats are fixed between the two support seats, and the main shaft middle end is movably arranged inside the bearing seat through a support bearing; Each of the bearing seats is symmetrically provided with a positioning ring seat on both sides, a pressing ring plate is movably arranged on one side of the positioning ring seat, and the pressing ring plate is in contact with the inner ring of the support bearing; A plurality of sliding shafts are arranged between the two bearing seats, and a bidirectional threaded rod is connected to both ends of each sliding shaft, the bidirectional threaded rod penetrates the positioning ring seat, and the positioning ring seat is fixed to the bearing seat by a nut; A plurality of limiting seats are fixed on the support seat, the sliding shaft penetrates the limiting seat, a liquid storage cavity is formed in the limiting seat, and the liquid storage cavity is filled with damping oil; The piston is arranged on the sliding shaft, and an oil leakage hole is arranged on the piston. Two side blocks are fixed on the sliding shaft at intervals, and two damping springs are arranged on the sliding shaft, one end of the damping spring is fixed on the side block, and the other end is fixed on the limiting seat.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the bidirectional threaded rod and the nut are both galvanized.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the outer ring of the pressure ring plate and the outer ring of the support bearing are kept at a distance of 0.1mm-0.3mm, so as to ensure that the lubricating oil does not leak.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, two mounting seats are fixed inside the shell, and the middle end of the main shaft and the front end of the main shaft are movably connected to the mounting seats through bearings. A connecting end is arranged on the front end of the main shaft, a spline is fixed on the connecting end, a key groove is arranged on the middle end of the main shaft, and the spline is matched with the key groove.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the front end of the main shaft and the middle end of the main shaft are both fixed with a butterfly spring, and a damping ring is fixed between the two butterfly springs.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the damping ring is made of high-elastic wear-resistant rubber material, the Shore hardness of the damping ring is 55-65HA, and annular grooves are arranged on the inner ring and the outer ring of the damping ring, and the annular grooves are filled with a graphite lubricating layer.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid storage cavity and the sliding shaft are sealed.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: 1. The front end buffer structure of the butterfly spring and the damping ring is combined with the multi-stage damping structure of the sliding shaft, the damping oil and the damping spring at the middle end, which can simultaneously suppress axial and radial vibration. The butterfly spring and the damping ring at the front end can quickly absorb the impact load and high-frequency vibration of the front end of the main shaft, and the sliding shaft at the middle end can effectively attenuate the vibration energy transmitted at the middle end under the synergistic action of the piston, the damping oil and the damping spring, thereby significantly reducing the vibration amplitude of the main shaft and the support bearing, and ensuring the stable operation of the main shaft system.

[0014] 2. The application integrates the damping structure and the main shaft body organically, without additional external damping devices, greatly simplifies the overall structure of the main shaft system, reduces the installation space requirement, and adapts to the compact design requirement of large wind turbines. The components are fixed through precise positioning and connection mode, and the structure stability is strong, avoiding the problems of poor adaptability and complex vibration transmission path of the traditional split damping structure.

[0015] 3. The sealing design of the pressure ring plate effectively prevents lubricating oil leakage and guarantees the lubricating effect of the support bearing; the galvanizing treatment of the bidirectional threaded rod and the nut improves the rust and corrosion resistance, the damping ring adopts high-elasticity wear-resistant material, and the optimization design of the key components prolongs the replacement cycle of the vulnerable parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A sectional view of the main structure of the horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft with segmented damping provided by the application is shown in Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A structure view of the positioning ring seat provided by the application is shown in Figure 3 A structure view of the limiting seat provided by the application is shown in Figure 4 A structure view of the support bearing provided by the application is shown in Figure 1 ; Figure 5 A structure view of the support bearing provided by the application is shown in Figure 2 ; Figure 6 A sectional view of the main structure of the horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft with segmented damping provided by the application is shown in Figure 2 ; Figure 7 An enlarged structure schematic view of A shown in Figure 6 ; Figure 8 A sectional view of the main structure of the horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft with segmented damping provided by the application is shown in Figure 3 ; Figure 9 An enlarged structure schematic view of B shown in Figure 8 .

[0017] The figure mark: 1, the shell; 2, main shaft front end; 3, main shaft middle end; 4, main shaft rear end; 5, support seat; 6, bearing seat; 7, positioning ring seat; 8, compression ring plate; 9, sliding shaft; 10, two-way threaded rod; 11, nut; 12, limit seat; 13, liquid storage cavity; 14, damping oil; 15, piston; 16, oil leakage hole; 17, side block; 18, shock spring; 19, support bearing; 20, mounting seat; 21, connecting end; 22, spline; 23, key groove; 24, butterfly spring; 25, damping ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , wherein Figure 1 is the main structure perspective view of the segmented main shaft of horizontal axis wind turbine generator set provided by the application with self-damping damping; Figure 1 ; Figure 2 is the structure view of the positioning ring seat provided by the application; Figure 3 is the structure view of the limit seat provided by the application; Figure 4 is the structure view of the support bearing provided by the application Figure 1 ; Figure 5 is the structure view of the support bearing provided by the application Figure 2 ; Figure 6 is the main structure perspective view of the segmented main shaft of horizontal axis wind turbine generator set provided by the application with self-damping damping; Figure 2 ; Figure 7 is the enlarged structure schematic view of A shown in Figure 6 ; Figure 8 is the main structure perspective view of the segmented main shaft of horizontal axis wind turbine generator set provided by the application with self-damping damping; Figure 3 ; Figure 9 is the enlarged structure schematic view of B shown in Figure 8 .

[0020] In the specific implementation process, as Figures 1-9As shown, including the shell 1, main shaft front end 2, main shaft middle end 3 and main shaft rear end 4, the shell 1 is fixed with two support seats 5, two bearing seats 6 are fixed between the two support seats 5, the bearing seat 6 is movably provided with the main shaft middle end 3 through the support bearing 19; each bearing seat 6 is symmetrically provided with a positioning ring seat 7 on both sides, a compression ring plate 8 is movably provided on one side of the positioning ring seat 7, and the compression ring plate 8 is in contact with the inner ring of the support bearing 19; a plurality of sliding shafts 9 are arranged between the two bearing seats 6, both ends of the sliding shaft 9 are connected with a bidirectional threaded rod 10, the bidirectional threaded rod 10 penetrates the positioning ring seat 7, and the positioning ring seat 7 is fixed at the bearing seat 6 through a nut 11. The bidirectional threaded rod 10 and the nut 11 are both galvanized to improve the service life.

[0021] A plurality of limiting seats 12 are fixed on the support seat 5, the sliding shaft 9 penetrates the limiting seat 12, the limiting seat 12 is provided with a liquid storage cavity 13, and the liquid storage cavity 13 is filled with damping oil 14; the sliding shaft 9 is provided with a piston 15, and the piston 15 is provided with an oil leakage hole 16; two side blocks 17 are fixed on the sliding shaft 9 at intervals, and two damping springs 18 are sleeved on the sliding shaft 9, one end of the damping spring 18 is fixed on the side block 17, and the other end is fixed on the limiting seat 12. The liquid storage cavity 13 and the sliding shaft 9 are sealed. That is, a rectangular sealing groove is formed in the inner wall of the liquid storage cavity 13 of the limiting seat 12 corresponding to the position of the sliding shaft 9, the groove depth H is 1.2-1.3 times the height of the sealing ring cross section, the groove width W is 1.05-1.1 times the width of the sealing ring cross section, and the sealing ring is installed with a compression amount of 15%-20% to ensure that the sealing surface is fitted and does not generate excessive sliding resistance. The coaxiality tolerance of the sealing groove and the liquid storage cavity is controlled to be ≤0.02mm, the groove bottom surface roughness Ra is ≤1.6μm, and the sealing ring is installed with a compression amount of 15%-20% to ensure that the sealing surface is fitted and does not generate excessive sliding resistance. The sealing groove and the liquid storage cavity are coaxial to a tolerance of ≤0.02mm, and the groove bottom surface roughness Ra is ≤1.6μm, so as to avoid uneven stress on the sealing ring and local wear and leakage due to groove body deflection. When the sealing ring is installed, a special lubricating grease such as lithium-based lubricating grease is applied to the contact surface between the lip and the sliding shaft, which is compatible with the damping oil, reduces initial friction and wear, and prolongs the service life of the sealing ring.

[0022] The outer ring of the compression ring plate 8 and the outer ring of the support bearing 19 are kept at a distance of 0.1mm-0.3mm to ensure that the lubricating oil will not leak. One of the core functions of the compression ring plate 8 is to form a micro-gap seal with the support bearing 19 to block the leakage of lubricating oil inside the bearing. If the gap is too large (such as more than 0.3mm), the lubricating oil is easy to seep out from the gap under the action of bearing rotation centrifugal force and main shaft vibration, which leads to insufficient lubrication of the bearing, aggravation of wear and pollution of surrounding damping components; if the gap is too small (such as less than 0.1mm), it is difficult to form an effective oil film barrier, which may lead to sealing failure due to the inability of the lubricating oil to remain in the gap, and the two may be in rigid contact due to processing errors or assembly deviations.

[0023] The gap of 0.1mm-0.3mm can make the lubricating oil form a stable surface tension oil film in the gap: on the one hand, the oil film can block the leakage channel, and on the other hand, the viscous resistance of the oil film can assist in buffering the slight vibration, so that the dual effects of sealing and vibration reduction are achieved.

[0024] Two mounting seats 20 are fixed in the shell 1, and the middle end 3 and the front end 2 of the main shaft are movably connected to the mounting seats 20 through bearings; the front end 2 of the main shaft is provided with a connecting end 21, the connecting end 21 is fixed with a spline 22, and the middle end 3 of the main shaft is provided with a key groove 23, and the spline 22 is used in cooperation with the key groove 23. The opposite ends of the front end 2 and the middle end 3 of the main shaft are both fixed with butterfly springs 24, and the two butterfly springs 24 are fixed with a damping ring 25.

[0025] The damping ring 25 is made of high-elastic wear-resistant rubber material, and the Shore hardness of the damping ring 25 is 55-65HA, and the inner ring and the outer ring of the damping ring 25 are both provided with annular grooves, and the annular grooves are filled with graphite lubricating layers.

[0026] The damping and damping functions of the application are realized through the cooperative mechanism of front end buffering and middle end multi-stage damping, and the specific working process is as follows: When the axial load generated by the rotation of the wind wheel is transmitted to the front end 2 of the main shaft, the front end 2 and the middle end 3 of the main shaft can produce slight axial displacement due to the flexible connection of the front end 2 and the middle end 3 of the main shaft through the spline 22 and the key groove 23. At this time, the butterfly spring 24 between the front end 2 and the middle end 3 of the main shaft is compressed, and part of the impact energy is absorbed by using the elastic deformation of the butterfly spring 24, and at the same time, the damping ring 25 is elastically deformed under the extrusion of the butterfly spring 24, and the vibration energy is converted into heat energy through the friction loss between the molecules in the damping ring 25, so that the transmission of the front end vibration to the middle end is preliminarily inhibited.

[0027] After the axial load is further transmitted to the middle end 3 of the main shaft, it first acts on the inner ring of the supporting bearing 19, and the inner ring of the supporting bearing 19 transmits the load to the contact pressure ring plate 8. Since the surface of the pressure ring plate 8 is roughened, the contact friction between the inner ring of the supporting bearing 19 and the pressure ring plate 8 is increased, which can effectively slow down the load transmission speed; the pressure ring plate 8 transmits the load to the positioning ring seat 7, and then drives the sliding shaft 9 to move along the axial direction. When the sliding shaft 9 moves, the side blocks 17 at both ends of the sliding shaft 9 extrude the damping springs 18, and the damping springs 18 further absorb impact energy through elastic expansion, realizing two-stage damping; at the same time, the piston 15 on the sliding shaft 9 extrudes the damping oil 14 in the liquid storage cavity 13 of the limiting seat 12, and the damping oil 14 slowly flows through the oil leakage hole 16 on the piston 15, and the damping force is generated by using the viscous resistance of the damping oil 14, which hinders the rapid displacement of the sliding shaft 9, and the vibration energy is converted into heat energy through viscous friction, realizing three-stage damping.

[0028] The working principle of the present application is as follows: when the main shaft is subjected to axial load, the front end 2 and the middle end 3 of the main shaft are connected through the spline 22 and the key groove 23, so that a slight displacement is allowed therebetween, and the vibration of the front end can be effectively inhibited by using the butterfly spring 24 and the damping ring 25. The axial load at the middle end 3 of the main shaft first impacts the inner ring of the support bearing 19, and the positioning ring seat 7 and the pressing ring plate 8 in contact with the inner ring of the support bearing 19 can simultaneously receive the impact and transmit the load to the sliding shaft 9 to make the sliding shaft 9 move. When the sliding shaft 9 moves, the impact load can be effectively absorbed by the piston 15, the damping oil 14, the oil leakage hole 16 and the damping spring 18, thereby reducing the vibration.

[0029] The circuit and control involved in the present application are prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0030] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent flow transformation using the content of the present application specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft with segmented self-damped vibration damping, characterized in that, Including casing (1), main shaft front end (2), main shaft middle end (3) and main shaft rear end (4), two support seats (5) are fixed in the casing (1) inside interval, two bearing seats (6) are fixed between the two support seats (5) interval, the main shaft middle end (3) is movably arranged in the bearing seat (6) through support bearing (19) inside; Each bearing seat (6) both sides are symmetrically provided with a positioning ring seat (7), a compression ring plate (8) is movably arranged on one side of the positioning ring seat (7), and the inner ring of the support bearing (19) is in contact with the compression ring plate (8); A plurality of sliding shafts (9) are arranged at intervals between the two bearing seats (6), both ends of the sliding shaft (9) are connected with a bidirectional threaded rod (10), the bidirectional threaded rod (10) penetrates the positioning ring seat (7), and the positioning ring seat (7) is fixed at the bearing seat (6) through a nut (11); A plurality of limiting seats (12) are fixed on the support seat (5), the sliding shaft (9) penetrates the limiting seat (12), and a liquid storage cavity (13) is formed in the limiting seat (12), and the liquid storage cavity (13) is filled with damping oil (14); A piston (15) is mounted on the sliding shaft (9), and an oil leakage hole (16) is formed in the piston (15); Two side blocks (17) are fixed at intervals on the sliding shaft (9), and two damping springs (18) are sleeved on the sliding shaft (9), one end of the damping spring (18) is fixed on the side block (17), and the other end is fixed on the limiting seat (12).

2. The horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft according to claim 1, wherein, The bidirectional threaded rod (10) and the nut (11) are both galvanized.

3. The horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft according to claim 2, wherein, The outer ring of the compression ring plate (8) and the outer ring of the support bearing (19) keep a distance of 0.1mm-0.3mm, so as to ensure that the lubricating oil will not leak.

4. The horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft according to claim 3, wherein, Two mounting seats (20) are fixed in the casing (1), and the main shaft middle end (3) and the main shaft front end (2) are movably connected with the mounting seat (20) through bearings; A connecting end (21) is arranged on the main shaft front end (2), a spline (22) is fixed on the connecting end (21), and a key groove (23) is formed on the main shaft middle end (3), and the spline (22) is used in cooperation with the key groove (23).

5. The horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft according to claim 4, wherein, Butterfly springs (24) are fixed on opposite ends of the main shaft front end (2) and the main shaft middle end (3), and a damping ring (25) is fixed between the two butterfly springs (24).

6. The horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft according to claim 5, wherein, The damping ring (25) is made of high-elastic wear-resistant rubber material, the Shore hardness of the damping ring (25) is 55-65HA, and annular grooves are formed in the inner ring and the outer ring of the damping ring (25), and a graphite lubricating layer is filled in the annular grooves.

7. The horizontal axis wind turbine main shaft according to claim 6, wherein, The liquid storage cavity (13) and the sliding shaft (9) are sealed.

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