A collapsible loess ground settlement monitoring device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of for collapsible loess foundation settlement monitoring device, it is related to foundation settlement monitoring technical field, including base and the reference cylinder being set to base one side, the top of the base is fixedly connected with cover by bolt, the top of the cover is connected with top seat by bolt, the inside of the cover is provided with monitoring rod, the circumference of the monitoring rod is slidably connected with float;The inside of the cover is provided with expansion assembly, the top of the top seat is provided with exhaust assembly, the inside of the base is fixedly connected with circuit board, the circumference outer wall of the base is respectively provided with first docking pipe and plug, one end of the first docking pipe is fixedly connected with connecting pipe.The application effectively avoids the problem of measurement interruption caused by liquid level being too high to exceed the initial monitoring range of float, realizes the dynamic improvement of the monitoring range of the whole settlement monitoring device, meets the monitoring demand of people to collapsible loess foundation settlement.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of foundation settlement monitoring, in particular to a device for monitoring settlement of collapsible loess foundation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Collapsible loess is a kind of soil with special properties. When it is immersed in water under certain pressure, the structure of the soil is quickly destroyed, resulting in significant subsidence, which poses a serious threat to the safety and stability of infrastructure such as construction projects and road projects. Therefore, when carrying out engineering construction in collapsible loess areas, it is necessary to accurately and long-term monitor the settlement of the foundation so as to timely discover settlement abnormalities and take protective measures.

[0003] The existing collapsible loess foundation settlement monitoring device mainly includes a leveling device, a settlement gauge, an inclinometer, etc. Among them, the leveling device needs to be measured manually at regular intervals, which is labor-intensive and cannot realize real-time monitoring. The traditional settlement gauge mostly adopts a mechanical structure, and the installation process is complex. Moreover, it is affected by the lateral pressure generated after the loess collapses, and is prone to problems such as sensor jamming or increased measurement error. The inclinometer is mainly used to monitor the lateral displacement of the foundation, and the monitoring accuracy for vertical settlement is insufficient.

[0004] The magnetostrictive static leveling instrument, as a kind of high-precision settlement monitoring equipment, realizes displacement measurement based on the magnetostrictive effect, and has the advantages of high precision, strong stability, and fast response speed. However, due to the relatively large settlement range of collapsible loess foundation, the existing magnetostrictive static leveling instrument has a limited range, resulting in a large error when monitoring collapsible loess foundation, which affects normal measurement and use. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device for monitoring settlement of collapsible loess foundation to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problems in the related art, the present application provides a device for monitoring settlement of collapsible loess foundation to overcome the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0007] A device for monitoring settlement of collapsible loess foundation, comprising a base and a reference cylinder arranged on one side of the base, a cover is fixedly connected to the top of the base by bolts, a top seat is connected to the top of the cover by bolts, a monitoring rod is arranged in the cover, and a float is slidably connected to the circumference of the monitoring rod;

[0008] An expansion assembly is arranged in the cover;

[0009] The top of the top base is provided with an exhaust assembly, the inside of the bottom base is fixedly connected with a circuit board, the circumferential outer wall of the bottom base is respectively provided with a first connecting pipe and a plug, one end of the first connecting pipe is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe, the end of the connecting pipe away from the first connecting pipe is fixedly connected with a second connecting pipe of the circumferential outer wall of the reference cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the expansion assembly comprises an inner cover fixedly connected to the circumferential inner wall of the bottom base, the top outer wall of the inner cover is fixedly connected with a snap ring seat, the bottom of the top base is provided with an annular groove, the snap ring seat is clamped in the annular groove, the two side outer walls of the snap ring seat are fixedly connected with first sealing rings for ensuring the sealing performance of the inner cover after installation, the first sealing rings are clamped in the two side inner walls of the annular groove, the circumferential inner wall of the inner cover is fixedly connected with a support ring seat, the circumferential outer wall of the support ring seat and the circumferential inner wall of the inner cover surround a sealing cavity, a sealing ring cover is inserted into the sealing cavity, the circumferential inner wall of the sealing ring cover is tightly attached to the circumferential outer wall of the support ring seat, the circumferential outer wall of the sealing ring cover is tightly attached to the circumferential inner wall of the inner cover, the bottom inner wall of the support ring seat is provided with circular holes which are circularly distributed at equal distances, the circumferential outer wall of the inner cover is provided with first liquid inlet holes which are circularly distributed at equal distances, the top outer wall of the sealing ring cover is fixedly connected with an extension ring plate, the extension ring plate is located directly above the float.

[0011] Preferably, the top outer wall of the monitoring rod is fixedly connected with a screw rod, the other end of the screw rod is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the top base, the circumferential outer wall of the screw rod is sleeved with a sliding seat, the circumferential outer wall of the sliding seat is fixedly connected with a first reinforcing rod, the other end of the first reinforcing rod is fixedly connected with a first circular ring plate, the bottom outer wall of the first circular ring plate is fixedly connected with a support column, the bottom end of the support column is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the extension ring plate, the circumferential inner wall of the sealing ring cover is fixedly connected with a sliding rod, one end of the sliding rod is inserted with a sleeve, the cross sections of the sliding rod and the sleeve are regular hexagons, the bottom end of the sleeve is fixedly connected with a ring frame, the circumferential outer wall of the ring frame is fixedly connected with a second reinforcing rod, the other end of the second reinforcing rod is fixedly connected with a second circular ring plate, the circumferential inner wall of the bottom base is fixedly connected with a ring plate, the two side outer walls of the second circular ring plate are respectively in contact with the ring plate and one side outer wall of the inner cover, the bottom outer wall of the inner cover is provided with second liquid inlet holes which are circularly distributed at equal distances, the top of the second circular ring plate is provided with third liquid inlet holes which are circularly distributed at equal distances, the second liquid inlet holes and the third liquid inlet holes are staggered in up and down directions.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom inner wall of the top base is provided with a mounting groove, an electromagnet is fixedly connected in the mounting groove, the top outer wall of the first circular plate is fixedly connected with an iron sheet, the electromagnet and the iron sheet are attracted to each other, the bottom inner wall of the top base is fixedly connected with a touch switch, and the touch switch is located directly above the iron sheet.

[0013] Preferably, the upper and lower ends of the cover are sealingly connected with the base and the top base respectively through second sealing rings.

[0014] Preferably, the float comprises a hemispherical part, a permanent magnet, a circular plate part, a circular cone part and a flow guide groove, the hemispherical part is located between the circular plate part and the circular cone part, and the permanent magnet is arranged in the interior of the hemispherical part.

[0015] Preferably, the diameter of the circular plate part is greater than that of the hemispherical part, and the flow guide grooves are equidistantly and circularly arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the circular cone part.

[0016] Preferably, the exhaust assembly comprises an exhaust groove and a sealing groove arranged in the interior of the top base, the sealing groove is in communication with the exhaust groove, the bottom of the sealing groove is provided with a sealing sheet, the top outer wall of the sealing sheet is fixedly connected with a mounting seat, the interior of the mounting seat is clamped with a spring, the circumferential inner wall of the sealing groove is fixedly connected with a fixed plate, the other end of the spring is clamped in the mounting seat of the bottom outer wall of the fixed plate, and the top outer wall of the fixed plate is provided with a through hole for exhaust.

[0017] Preferably, the top outer wall of the sealing sheet is fixedly connected with a guide column, and the end of the guide column away from the sealing sheet passes through the middle of the fixed plate.

[0018] Preferably, the top of the top base and the reference cylinder are both provided with a level meter, and the inner diameter of the reference cylinder is greater than the inner diameter of the cover.

[0019] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present application provides a device for monitoring the settlement of collapsible loess foundation, when the settlement monitoring point sinks, the base sinks synchronously with the foundation, the reference cylinder remains stationary, at this time, the cover sinks with the base, the height difference between the liquid level of the anti-freezing liquid in the cover and the liquid level in the reference cylinder is formed, the anti-freezing liquid in the reference cylinder flows into the cover through the connecting pipe, the liquid level of the anti-freezing liquid in the cover gradually rises, at this time, the float rises synchronously with the liquid level under the action of the buoyancy of the anti-freezing liquid, the permanent magnet in the float can cooperate with the monitoring rod, the monitoring rod captures the position change of the float in real time based on the magnetostrictive effect, and transmits the displacement signal to the circuit board, and the circuit board processes the signal to accurately calculate the amplitude and rate of the foundation settlement.

[0021] The application provides a collapsible loess foundation settlement monitoring device, which is characterized in that: the expansion assembly is arranged, if the foundation settlement amplitude is large, the float will gradually move upwards along with the continuously rising liquid level, until the top circular plate of the float contacts the extended ring plate at the top of the sealing ring cover and pushes the extended ring plate to move upwards synchronously, the extended ring plate drives the first circular ring plate to slide upwards through the support column, in the process of the first circular ring plate rising, the sliding seat fixedly connected with the first circular ring plate through the first reinforcing rod will also rise, in the process of the sliding seat rising, the sliding seat will rotate simultaneously while rising through the action of the screw rod (similar to the structure of the flying fairy toy), at the same time, when the float rises to the position of contacting the extended ring plate, it indicates that the loess foundation settlement amplitude reaches the threshold value, at this time, the circuit board records the settlement amplitude value and starts the electromagnet, when the electromagnet is started, an upward attractive force can be applied to the iron sheet, the attractive force can cooperate with the buoyancy of the antifreeze in the inner cover to make the sliding seat rotate and rise rapidly, the rotation and rising of the sliding seat can drive the sealing ring cover to rise together, when the sealing ring cover rises, the sealing effect on the first liquid inlet hole is released, at this time, the inner cover and the outer cover can be communicated through the first liquid inlet hole, the accommodation space of the antifreeze in the inner cover is greatly improved, at this time, the liquid level in the inner cover will decrease, and the float will also decrease along with the liquid level, effectively avoiding the measurement interruption problem caused by the liquid level being too high to exceed the initial monitoring range of the float, realizing the dynamic improvement of the monitoring range of the whole settlement monitoring device and meeting the monitoring demand of the collapsible loess foundation settlement.

[0022] This invention provides a settlement monitoring device for collapsible loess foundations. Through the design of a sliding rod, sleeve, second inlet, and third inlet, the sliding rod and sleeve, fixed to the inner wall of the sealing ring cover, rotate together as the sealing ring cover rotates and rises. On one hand, the hexagonal structure strictly restricts the relative rotation between the sliding rod and sleeve, ensuring that the sliding rod synchronously drives the sleeve to rotate with the sealing ring cover, preventing jamming or misalignment due to relative rotation and ensuring the stability of the sealing ring cover's ascent. On the other hand, the hexagonal structure retains the freedom of the sliding rod to slide axially along the sleeve. When the sealing ring cover rises with the first annular plate, the sliding rod can move smoothly up and down along the sleeve, while the sleeve remains in its original position. This does not hinder the axial displacement of the sealing ring cover and allows for synchronous rotation. Maintaining the overall structural synergy, when the sleeve rotates with the slide rod, it drives the bottom fixedly connected ring frame and the second circular ring plate to rotate synchronously. Since the second liquid inlet hole at the bottom of the inner cover and the third liquid inlet hole of the second circular ring plate are staggered vertically in the initial state, the relative position of the second circular ring plate with the second liquid inlet hole will gradually change during the rotation of the second circular ring plate. When the slide block rises to the rated position and stops rising, the sealing ring cover will also stop rising and rotating. At this time, the third liquid inlet hole just rotates to be directly below the second liquid inlet hole and aligned, so that the antifreeze in the inner cover can be slowly replenished to the outer cover through the aligned hole, further improving the flow efficiency of the antifreeze. It forms a "dual-channel" liquid replenishment mode with the first liquid inlet hole, improving the expansion efficiency of the entire inner cover and further ensuring continuous and accurate monitoring of the large-scale settlement of the collapsible loess foundation. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall half-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a half-section front view of the base, outer cover, and top seat of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0028] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram at point B in the middle.

[0029] Figure 6 Base, cover and top base half-section structure schematic diagram of the present application. Figure 3

[0030] Figure 7 Base, cover and top base half-section structure schematic diagram of the present application.

[0031] Figure 8 Base, cover and top base half-section structure schematic diagram of the present application. Figure 7

[0032] Base, cover and top base half-section structure schematic diagram of the present application. Figure 9

[0033] Figure 10 Cover internal structure exploded schematic diagram of the present application.

[0034] In the figure:

[0035] 1, base; 2, cover; 3, first butt joint pipe; 4, top base; 5, level meter; 6, exhaust assembly; 601, sealing groove; 602, fixed plate; 603, guide column; 604, mounting seat; 605, spring; 606, sealing sheet; 607, exhaust groove; 7, plug; 8, connecting pipe; 9, reference cylinder; 10, second butt joint pipe; 11, monitoring rod; 12, circuit board; 13, inner cover; 14, first liquid inlet hole; 15, electromagnet; 16, mounting groove; 17, first sealing ring; 18, snap ring seat; 19, first circular ring plate; 20, iron sheet; 21, support column; 22, sealing ring cover; 23, screw rod; 24, sliding seat; 26, float; 2601, hemisphere part; 2602, permanent magnet; 2603, circular plate part; 2604, conical part; 2605, flow guide groove; 27, second sealing ring; 28, sliding rod; 29, support ring seat; 30, sleeve; 31, circular hole; 32, sealing cavity; 33, second liquid inlet hole; 34, annular plate; 35, second circular ring plate; 36, ring frame; 37, third liquid inlet hole; 38, point touch switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1-10 ​​The utility model relates to a collapsible loess ground subsidence monitoring device, including base 1 and setting in base 1 one side's reference cylinder 9, the top of base 1 is fixedly connected with the cover 2 through bolt, the top of cover 2 is connected with the top seat 4 through bolt, the inside of cover 2 is provided with monitoring rod 11, and the circumference of monitoring rod 11 is slidably connected with float 26;

[0038] The inside of cover 2 is provided with expansion assembly;

[0039] The top of top seat 4 is provided with exhaust assembly 6, and the inside of base 1 is fixedly connected with circuit board 12, the circumference outer wall of base 1 is provided with first docking pipe 3 and plug 7 respectively, one end of first docking pipe 3 is fixedly connected with connecting pipe 8, and the end, away from first docking pipe 3 of connecting pipe 8, is fixedly connected with the second docking pipe 10 of the circumference outer wall of reference cylinder 9, when needing to monitor loess ground subsidence, first, reference cylinder 9 is fixedly installed at reference point position, then, staff installs base 1 at subsidence monitoring point, during the installation of reference cylinder 9 and base 1, level 5 is used to ensure that no inclination occurs during installation, when reference cylinder 9 and base 1 are installed, staff connects reference cylinder 9 and base 1 through connecting pipe 8, after intercommunication, a proper amount of colored anti-freezing liquid is injected into reference cylinder 9 and base 1, at this time, the liquid level of anti-freezing liquid in reference cylinder 9 and inner cover 13 is flush, and float 26 in the middle of inner cover 13 is lifted by the buoyancy of anti-freezing liquid, at this time, the height of float 26 is the starting point;

[0040] When subsidence monitoring point subsides, base 1 will sink with ground, and reference cylinder 9 is fixed at reference point and keeps still, at this time, cover 2 sinks with base 1, so that the liquid level of anti-freezing liquid in cover 2 and the liquid level in reference cylinder 9 form height difference, and the anti-freezing liquid in reference cylinder 9 flows into inner cover 13 through connecting pipe 8, so that the liquid level of anti-freezing liquid in inner cover 13 gradually rises, at this time, float 26 rises with the liquid level by the buoyancy of anti-freezing liquid, and float 26 can cooperate with monitoring rod 11, monitoring rod 11 captures the position change of float 26 in real time based on magnetostrictive effect, and displacement signal is transmitted to circuit board 12, after signal processing, circuit board 12 can accurately calculate the amplitude and rate of ground subsidence.

[0041] Further, the expansion assembly comprises an inner cover 13 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the circumference of the base 1, the outer wall of the top of the inner cover 13 is fixedly connected with a snap ring seat 18, the bottom of the top seat 4 is provided with an annular groove, the snap ring seat 18 is clamped in the annular groove, the outer wall of the two sides of the snap ring seat 18 is fixedly connected with the first sealing ring 17 for ensuring the sealing performance of the inner cover 13 after installation, the first sealing ring 17 is clamped in the inner wall of the two sides of the annular groove, the inner wall of the circumference of the inner cover 13 is fixedly connected with a support ring seat 29, the outer wall of the circumference of the support ring seat 29 and the inner wall of the circumference of the inner cover 13 surround a sealing cavity 32, the sealing ring cover 22 is inserted into the sealing cavity 32, the inner wall of the circumference of the sealing ring cover 22 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the circumference of the support ring seat 29, the outer wall of the circumference of the sealing ring cover 22 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the circumference of the inner cover 13, the inner wall of the bottom of the support ring seat 29 is provided with circular holes 31 distributed in a circle at equal distances, the outer wall of the circumference of the inner cover 13 is provided with first liquid inlet holes 14 distributed in a circle at equal distances, the outer wall of the top of the sealing ring cover 22 is fixedly connected with an extension ring plate, the extension ring plate is located directly above the float 26, if the foundation settlement amplitude is large, the float 26 will gradually move upwards with the continuously rising liquid level, until the circular plate part 2603 at the top of the float 26 contacts the extension ring plate at the top of the sealing ring cover 22 and pushes the extension ring plate to move upwards synchronously, the extension ring plate drives the first circular plate 19 to slide upwards through the support column 21, in the process of the upward movement of the first circular plate 19, the sliding seat 24 fixedly connected with the first circular plate 19 through the first reinforcing rod will also move upwards, the upward movement of the sliding seat 24 can drive the sealing ring cover 22 to move upwards, when the sealing ring cover 22 moves upwards, the sealing effect on the first liquid inlet hole 14 will be removed, at this time, the inner cover 13 and the outer cover 2 can be connected with each other through the first liquid inlet hole 14, the accommodation space of the freeze-proof liquid in the inner cover 13 is greatly improved, at this time, the liquid level in the inner cover 13 will decrease, and the float 26 will decrease with the liquid level, effectively avoiding the measurement interruption problem caused by the liquid level being too high to exceed the initial monitoring range of the float 26, realizing the dynamic improvement of the monitoring range of the whole settlement monitoring device and meeting the monitoring demand of people on the collapsible loess foundation settlement.

[0042] Further, the top outer wall of the monitoring rod 11 is fixedly connected with a screw rod 23, one end of the screw rod 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the top base 4, the circumferential outer wall of the screw rod 23 is sleeved with a sliding seat 24, the circumferential outer wall of the sliding seat 24 is fixedly connected with a first reinforcing rod, the other end of the first reinforcing rod is fixedly connected with a first circular ring plate 19, the bottom outer wall of the first circular ring plate 19 is fixedly connected with a support column 21, the bottom end of the support column 21 is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the extension ring plate, the circumferential inner wall of the sealing ring cover 22 is fixedly connected with a sliding rod 28, one end of the sliding rod 28 is inserted with a sleeve 30, the cross sections of the sliding rod 28 and the sleeve 30 are regular hexagons, the bottom end of the sleeve 30 is fixedly connected with a ring frame 36, the circumferential outer wall of the ring frame 36 is fixedly connected with a second reinforcing rod, the other end of the second reinforcing rod is fixedly connected with a second circular ring plate 35, the circumferential inner wall of the base 1 is fixedly connected with a ring plate 34, the outer walls on both sides of the second circular ring plate 35 are respectively in contact with the ring plate 34 and one side outer wall of the inner cover 13, the bottom outer wall of the inner cover 13 is provided with second liquid inlet holes 33 which are circularly distributed at equal distances, the top of the second circular ring plate 35 is provided with third liquid inlet holes 37 which are circularly distributed at equal distances, the second liquid inlet holes 33 and the third liquid inlet holes 37 are staggered in up-down direction, in the process of the rising of the sliding seat 24, under the action of the screw rod 23, the sliding seat 24 will rotate while rising, the bottom inner wall of the top base 4 is provided with a mounting groove 16, the inside of the mounting groove 16 is fixedly connected with an electromagnet 15, the top outer wall of the first circular ring plate 19 is fixedly connected with an iron sheet 20, the electromagnet 15 and the iron sheet 20 attract each other, and the electromagnet 15 continuously electrifies to adsorb the iron sheet 20, so as to avoid the situation that the sealing ring cover 22 and the first liquid inlet hole 14 are both lowered to be sealed again due to the lowering of the float 26, and ensure the stability of the whole expansion process, in the process of the rotation of the sealing ring cover 22, the sliding rod 28 and the sleeve 30 fixed to the inner wall of the sealing ring cover 22 will also rotate, on the one hand, the regular hexagonal structure can strictly limit the relative rotation between the sliding rod 28 and the sleeve 30, so as to ensure that the sliding rod 28 can drive the sleeve 30 to rotate with the sealing ring cover 22 when the sealing ring cover 22 rotates, avoid the jamming or misplacement of the two due to the relative rotation, and ensure the stability of the rising process of the sealing ring cover 22, on the other hand, the regular hexagonal structure retains the freedom of the sliding rod 28 to slide along the sleeve 30 in the axial direction, when the sealing ring cover 22 rises with the first circular ring plate 19, the sliding rod 28 can smoothly move up and down along the sleeve 30, while the sleeve 30 remains in the original position, which neither hinders the axial displacement of the sealing ring cover 22, nor maintains the synergy of the whole structure through synchronous rotation, when the sleeve 30 rotates with the sliding rod 28, it will drive the ring frame 36 and the second circular ring plate 35 fixed to the bottom to rotate synchronously, since the second liquid inlet holes 33 at the bottom of the inner cover 13 and the third liquid inlet holes 37 of the second circular ring plate 35 are staggered in up-down direction in the initial state, in the process of the rotation of the second circular ring plate 35, it will gradually change the relative position with the second liquid inlet holes 33, when the sliding seat 24 rises to the rated position and no longer rises,The sealing ring cover 22 will also stop rising and rotating, and at this time the third liquid inlet hole 37 is just rotated to the lower side of the second liquid inlet hole 33 and aligned, so that the anti-freezing liquid in the inner cover 13 can be slowly supplemented to the outer cover 2 through the aligned hole, further improving the flow efficiency of the anti-freezing liquid, forming a "double-channel" liquid supplementing mode with the first liquid inlet hole 14, improving the expansion efficiency of the entire inner cover 13, further ensuring the continuous and accurate monitoring of the large-scale settlement of the collapsible loess foundation, and the bottom inner wall of the top seat 4 is fixedly connected with a point touch switch 38, which is located directly above the iron sheet 20. When the iron sheet 20 rises and is adsorbed on the bottom outer wall of the electromagnet 15, the iron sheet 20 will press the point touch switch 38 to make it turn on. When the point touch switch 38 is triggered, the monitoring data is reset, which is convenient for subsequent monitoring work after the range is increased.

[0043] Further, the upper and lower ends of the outer cover 2 are sealingly connected with the base 1 and the top seat 4 through the second sealing ring 27, which ensures the sealing connection between the outer cover 2 and the base 1 and the top seat 4.

[0044] Further, the float 26 includes a hemispherical part 2601, a permanent magnet 2602, a circular plate part 2603, a conical part 2604, and a flow guide groove 2605. The hemispherical part 2601 is located between the circular plate part 2603 and the conical part 2604, and the permanent magnet 2602 is arranged inside the hemispherical part 2601.

[0045] Further, the diameter of the circular plate part 2603 is greater than the diameter of the hemispherical part 2601, and the flow guide groove 2605 is equally and circularly arranged on the outer wall of the circumference of the conical part 2604. By designing the float 26 as a composite structure of the circular plate part 2603, the hemispherical part 2601, and the conical part 2604, the contact area of the buoyancy is increased to improve the support stability, and the streamlined structure of the conical part 2604 and the flow guide groove 2605 are used to reduce the liquid resistance, ensuring that the float 26 rises and falls smoothly without jamming, and the symmetric structure of the hemispherical part 2601 can keep the permanent magnet 2602 centered, avoiding the influence of magnetic field deviation on the magnetostriction monitoring accuracy, and effectively protecting the permanent magnet 2602. In addition, the circular plate part 2603 can accurately trigger the expansion mechanism when the float 26 rises to the threshold position, fully ensuring the real-time, accuracy and reliability of the foundation settlement monitoring.

[0046] Further, the exhaust assembly 6 comprises an exhaust groove 607 and a sealing groove 601 opened in the top base 4, the sealing groove 601 is communicated with the exhaust groove 607, the bottom of the sealing groove 601 is provided with a sealing sheet 606, the top outer wall of the sealing sheet 606 is fixedly connected with a mounting seat 604, the inside of the mounting seat 604 is clamped with a spring 605, the circumferential inner wall of the sealing groove 601 is fixedly connected with a fixed plate 602, the other end of the spring 605 is clamped in the mounting seat 604 of the bottom outer wall of the fixed plate 602, the top outer wall of the fixed plate 602 is provided with a through hole for exhaust, the top outer wall of the sealing sheet 606 is fixedly connected with a guide column 603, the end of the guide column 603 away from the sealing sheet 606 passes through the middle part of the fixed plate 602, the top of the top base 4 and the reference cylinder 9 is provided with a level 5, the inner diameter of the reference cylinder 9 is larger than the inner diameter of the outer cover 2, because the device works for a long time, gas may be generated in the inner cover 13, when the gas in the inner cover 13 reaches a certain amount, the gas can push the sealing sheet 606 to compress the spring 605 to move up, the gas is discharged through the through hole of the fixed plate 602 through the exhaust groove 607, which ensures the pressure balance in the device during the liquid level rising process, avoids the influence of air pressure on the liquid level change precision, after the exhaust is completed, the spring 605 resets to push the sealing sheet 606 to seal the sealing groove 601, prevents the anti-freezing liquid from leaking, always maintains the sealing of the monitoring environment, and guarantees the continuous and accurate monitoring of the large amplitude foundation settlement.

[0047] In summary, by means of the technical scheme of the present application, when the loess foundation needs to be monitored, the reference cylinder 9 is first fixedly installed at the reference point, then the base 1 is installed at the settlement monitoring point, during the installation of the reference cylinder 9 and the base 1, the level 5 is used to ensure that the installation process will not be inclined, after the installation of the reference cylinder 9 and the base 1 is completed, the reference cylinder 9 and the base 1 are connected by the connecting pipe 8, and after the connection, the reference cylinder 9 and the base 1 are injected with a proper amount of colored anti-freezing liquid, at this time, the liquid level of the anti-freezing liquid in the reference cylinder 9 and the inner cover 13 is level, the float 26 in the middle of the inner cover 13 is lifted by the buoyancy of the anti-freezing liquid, at this time, the float 26 is at the starting point;

[0048] When subsidence occurs at the subsidence monitoring point, the base 1 will sink synchronously with the foundation, while the reference cylinder 9 remains stationary as it is fixed at the reference point. At this time, the outer cover 2 sinks with the base 1, causing the liquid level of the anti-freezing liquid in the outer cover 2 to form a height difference with the liquid level in the reference cylinder 9. The anti-freezing liquid in the reference cylinder 9 will flow into the inner cover 13 through the connecting pipe 8, causing the liquid level in the inner cover 13 to gradually rise. At this time, the float 26 will rise synchronously with the liquid level under the action of the buoyancy of the anti-freezing liquid, and the permanent magnet 2602 inside the float 26 can cooperate with the monitoring rod 11. The monitoring rod 11 captures the position change of the float 26 in real time based on the magnetostrictive effect, and transmits the displacement signal to the circuit board 12. After the circuit board 12 processes the signal, it can accurately calculate the amplitude and rate of foundation settlement;

[0049] If the amplitude of foundation settlement is large, the float 26 will gradually move upwards with the continuously rising liquid level, until the circular plate part 2603 at the top of the float 26 contacts the extended ring plate at the top of the sealing ring cover 22 and pushes the extended ring plate to move upwards synchronously. The extended ring plate drives the first circular ring plate 19 to slide upwards through the support column 21. In the process of the first circular ring plate 19 rising, the sliding seat 24 fixedly connected with it through the first reinforcing rod will also rise. In the process of the sliding seat 24 rising, it will make a self-rotating action (similar to the structure of the flying fairy toy) while rising through the action of the screw rod 23. At the same time, when the float 26 rises to the position of contacting the extended ring plate, it indicates that the amplitude of the loess foundation settlement has reached the threshold value. At this time, the circuit board 12 records the settlement amplitude value and starts the electromagnet 15. When the electromagnet 15 is started, it can exert an upward attractive force on the iron sheet 20, which can cooperate with the buoyancy of the anti-freezing liquid in the inner cover 13 to make the sliding seat 24 quickly rotate and rise. The self-rotating and rising of the sliding seat 24 can drive the sealing ring cover 22 to rise together. When the sealing ring cover 22 rises, it will release the sealing effect on the first liquid inlet hole 14. At this time, the inner cover 13 and the outer cover 2 can be connected through the first liquid inlet hole 14, greatly improving the containing space of the anti-freezing liquid in the inner cover 13. At this time, the liquid level in the inner cover 13 will drop, and the float 26 will also drop with the liquid level, effectively avoiding the problem of measurement interruption caused by the liquid level being too high and exceeding the initial monitoring range of the float 26. It realizes the dynamic improvement of the monitoring range of the whole settlement monitoring device, and meets the monitoring needs of people for the settlement of collapsible loess foundation;

[0050] And the electromagnet 15 continues to energize the iron sheet 20 adsorption, avoid because the float 26 down sealing ring cover 22 lose jacking force together down to the first liquid inlet hole 14 secondary sealing occurs, ensure the stability of the whole expansion process, and in the process of sealing ring cover 22 rotation, fixed on the inner wall of the slide bar 28 and sleeve 30 will also rotate together, on the one hand, the regular hexagonal structure can strictly limit the relative rotation between slide bar 28 and sleeve 30, ensure that the sealing ring cover 22 rotation, slide bar 28 can drive sleeve 30 with sealing ring cover 22 together, avoid the two because of relative rotation jam or misplacement, protect the stability of the sealing ring cover 22 in the process of rising, on the other hand, the regular hexagonal structure retains the freedom of slide bar 28 along the sleeve 30 axial sliding, when the sealing ring cover 22 with the first circular plate 19 rises, slide bar 28 can along the sleeve 30 smoothly up and down, and the sleeve 30 remains different, neither hinder the axial displacement of the sealing ring cover 22, also can maintain the integrity of the structure through synchronous rotation, when the sleeve 30 with slide bar 28 rotation, will drive the bottom fixed connection ring frame 36 and the second circular plate 35 synchronous rotation, because the initial state of the second liquid inlet hole 33 in the inner cover 13 bottom and the third liquid inlet hole 37 in the second circular plate 35 are staggered distribution, the second circular plate 35 rotation, will gradually change the relative position of the second liquid inlet hole 33, when the slide 24 rises to the rated position no longer rises, then the sealing ring cover 22 will stop rising and rotating, at this time the third liquid inlet hole 37 just rotate to the second liquid inlet hole 33 directly below and align, so that the anti-freeze liquid in the inner cover 13 can be through the aligned hole to the outer cover 2 slowly, further improve the flow efficiency of anti-freeze liquid, with the first liquid inlet hole 14 form “double channel” liquid supplement mode, improve the expansion efficiency of the whole inner cover 13, further guarantee the large amplitude of collapsible loess foundation settlement of continuous and accurate monitoring;

[0051] At the same time, because the whole device in the process of long-term work, gas may be produced in the inner cover 13, when the gas in the inner cover 13 reaches a certain amount, the gas can push the sealing piece 606 compression spring 605 up, the gas through the fixed plate 602 hole exhaust groove 607 exhaust, ensure that the liquid level rises in the process of internal pressure balance, avoid the influence of air pressure hinder liquid level change accuracy, after the exhaust, spring 605 reset push sealing piece 606 sealing groove 601, prevent anti-freeze liquid leakage, always maintain the sealing of monitoring environment, guarantee the large amplitude of continuous, accurate monitoring of foundation settlement.

[0052] The above only for the preferred embodiment of the present application, and not to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application, should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring settlement of collapsible loess foundations, comprising a base (1) and a reference cylinder (9) disposed on one side of the base (1), characterized in that, The top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to the outer cover (2) by bolts, and the top of the outer cover (2) is connected to the top seat (4) by bolts. The inner side of the outer cover (2) is provided with a detection rod (11), and the circumference of the detection rod (11) is slidably connected to a float (26). An expansion assembly is provided inside the outer cover (2); The top of the top seat (4) is provided with an exhaust assembly (6), and the inside of the base (1) is fixedly connected with a circuit board (12). The outer circumferential wall of the base (1) is provided with a first pair of connecting pipes (3) and a plug (7). One end of the first pair of connecting pipes (3) is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe (8). The end of the connecting pipe (8) away from the first pair of connecting pipes (3) is fixedly connected to the second pair of connecting pipes (10) on the outer circumferential wall of the reference cylinder (9). The expansion assembly includes an inner cover (13) fixedly connected to the inner circumferential wall of the base (1). The top outer wall of the inner cover (13) is fixedly connected with a retaining ring seat (18). The bottom of the seat (4) is provided with an annular groove. The retaining ring seat (18) is engaged in the annular groove. The outer walls of both sides of the retaining ring seat (18) are fixedly connected with a first sealing ring (17) to ensure the sealing of the inner cover (13) after installation. The first sealing ring (17) is engaged in the inner walls of both sides of the annular groove. The inner wall of the inner cover (13) is fixedly connected with a support ring seat (29). The outer wall of the support ring seat (29) and the inner wall of the inner cover (13) form a sealing cavity (32). A sealing ring cover (22) is inserted into the sealing cavity (32). The inner wall of the sealing ring cover (22) is in close contact with the inner wall of the inner cover (13). The outer circumferential wall of the support ring seat (29) and the outer circumferential wall of the sealing ring cover (22) are closely attached to the inner circumferential wall of the inner cover (13). The bottom inner wall of the support ring seat (29) is provided with circular holes (31) that are evenly distributed in a circle. The outer circumferential wall of the inner cover (13) is provided with first liquid inlet holes (14) that are evenly distributed in a circle. The top outer wall of the sealing ring cover (22) is fixedly connected to an extension ring plate, which is located directly above the float (26). The top outer wall of the detection rod (11) is fixedly connected to a spiral rod (23), and the other end of the spiral rod (23) is fixedly connected to the top seat (4). On the bottom inner wall, a slide block (24) is fitted on the outer circumference of the spiral rod (23). A first reinforcing rod is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the slide block (24). A first ring plate (19) is fixedly connected to the other end of the first reinforcing rod. A support column (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the first ring plate (19). The bottom end of the support column (21) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the extension ring plate. A slide rod (28) is fixedly connected to the inner circumference of the sealing ring cover (22). A sleeve (30) is inserted into one end of the slide rod (28). The cross-sections of the slide rod (28) and the sleeve (30) are both regular hexagonal.

2. The device for monitoring settlement of collapsible loess foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the sleeve (30) is fixedly connected to a ring frame (36), the outer circumference of the ring frame (36) is fixedly connected to a second reinforcing rod, the other end of the second reinforcing rod is fixedly connected to a second annular plate (35), the inner circumference of the base (1) is fixedly connected to an annular plate (34), the outer walls on both sides of the second annular plate (35) are in contact with the annular plate (34) and the outer wall on one side of the inner cover (13), the bottom outer wall of the inner cover (13) is provided with a second liquid inlet hole (33) that is evenly distributed in a circle, and the top of the second annular plate (35) is provided with a third liquid inlet hole (37) that is evenly distributed in a circle, the second liquid inlet hole (33) and the third liquid inlet hole (37) are staggered vertically.

3. The device for monitoring settlement of collapsible loess foundations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom inner wall of the top seat (4) is provided with an installation groove (16), and an electromagnet (15) is fixedly connected inside the installation groove (16). An iron sheet (20) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the first annular plate (19). The electromagnet (15) and the iron sheet (20) attract each other. A touch switch (38) is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the top seat (4). The touch switch (38) is located directly above the iron sheet (20).

4. The device for monitoring settlement of collapsible loess foundations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper and lower ends of the outer cover (2) are sealed to the base (1) and the top seat (4) respectively by the second sealing ring (27).

5. A settlement monitoring device for collapsible loess foundations according to claim 4, characterized in that, The float (26) includes a hemispherical part (2601), a permanent magnet (2602), a circular plate part (2603), a conical part (2604), and a guide groove (2605). The hemispherical part (2601) is located between the circular plate part (2603) and the conical part (2604), and the permanent magnet (2602) is disposed inside the hemispherical part (2601).

6. A settlement monitoring device for collapsible loess foundations according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diameter of the circular plate portion (2603) is larger than the diameter of the hemispherical portion (2601), and the guide grooves (2605) are equally spaced in a circular pattern on the outer circumference of the conical portion (2604).

7. The device for monitoring settlement of collapsible loess foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust assembly (6) includes an exhaust groove (607) and a sealing groove (601) formed inside the top seat (4). The sealing groove (601) is connected to the exhaust groove (607). A sealing plate (606) is provided at the bottom of the sealing groove (601). A mounting base (604) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the sealing plate (606). A spring (605) is snapped into the inside of the mounting base (604). A fixing plate (602) is fixedly connected to the inner circumference of the sealing groove (601). The other end of the spring (605) is snapped into the mounting base (604) on the bottom outer wall of the fixing plate (602). A through hole for exhaust is provided on the top outer wall of the fixing plate (602).

8. A settlement monitoring device for collapsible loess foundations according to claim 7, characterized in that, A guide post (603) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the sealing plate (606), and the end of the guide post (603) away from the sealing plate (606) passes through the middle of the fixing plate (602).

9. A settlement monitoring device for collapsible loess foundations according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top of the top seat (4) and the top of the reference cylinder (9) are both equipped with a level (5), and the inner diameter of the reference cylinder (9) is larger than the inner diameter of the outer cover (2).

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