On-line monitoring device and monitoring method for oil level of oil conservator of transformer

Abstract

The invention discloses an on-line monitoring device and method for the oil level of a transformer oil conservator, and relates to the technical field of oil conservator oil level measurement. Comprising an oil conservator, an oil level gauge and a monitoring box, a gas preparation plate, an immersion plate and a reference floating plate are arranged on a measuring pipe of the oil level gauge, a first detector and a second detector are arranged on the reference floating plate, the immersion plate is provided with a telescopic liquid discharging device, a gas storage cylinder is arranged in the gas preparation plate, and the gas storage cylinder controls the volume of the telescopic liquid discharging device to expand or shrink through gas conveying and gas exhausting; the method further comprises the following steps that S1, installation is conducted; s2, when the reference floating plate sinks, the telescopic liquid discharging device carries out gas conveying expansion; s3, when the reference floating plate floats upwards, gas transmission of the telescopic liquid discharging device is reduced; s4, maintaining; s5, data transmission; and S6, analyzing abnormity. By automatically adjusting the volume of the telescopic liquid discharger and matching with the design of the spherical joint and the balance ball, the measurement precision, stability and anti-interference capability of the oil level gauge are improved, and meanwhile, the pressure sensor and the oil level gauge are arranged for dual monitoring, so that fault misjudgment caused by single measurement is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of transformer oil pillow oil level measurement, and particularly relates to a transformer oil pillow oil level on-line monitoring device and a monitoring method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The transformer oil pillow (also known as an oil conservator) is a cylindrical container installed on the upper part of the transformer oil tank, and its core function is to adjust the volume expansion or contraction of the transformer insulating oil due to temperature changes; when the transformer load increases or the ambient temperature rises, the oil volume expands, and the excess oil flows into the oil pillow; on the contrary, when the load decreases or the temperature decreases, the oil volume shrinks, and the oil in the oil pillow replenishes back to the oil tank, thereby always keeping the oil tank full of insulating oil.

[0003] The oil pillow oil level is a key indicator of the running state of the transformer. On the one hand, whether the oil level is normal directly reflects whether the internal oil volume of the transformer is sufficient. Too low oil level may cause the insulation components to be exposed, causing local overheating or discharge. Too high oil level may cause leakage or oil spewing due to expansion overrun. On the other hand, the change of the oil level can also reflect the running condition of the transformer to some extent.

[0004] Currently, the commonly used oil pillow oil level meter is mainly a side-mounted floating ball oil level meter. In the floating ball oil level meter, the contact line of the floating ball with the oil surface is the reference for measuring the oil level (i.e. the balance position when the floating ball is suspended). The position change (up or down) of the contact line will directly affect the accuracy of the oil level indication. The position change is mainly affected by the following factors: first, if the density of the oil decreases (such as oil deterioration or air mixing), the floating ball needs to increase the oil displacement volume to maintain the balance of the buoyancy and gravity, thereby causing the immersion depth to increase, and the contact position of the floating ball with the oil surface to move up; on the contrary, when the oil density increases, the contact line moves down; second, the immersion depth of the floating ball will deepen if impurities or scale are attached to the surface of the floating ball, and the contact line moves up; third, when the oil temperature rises, the oil density decreases, the buoyancy decreases, the floating ball sinks, and the contact line moves up. When the oil temperature decreases, the oil density increases, the buoyancy increases, the floating ball floats up, and the contact line moves down. In addition, the rotation angle of the swing rod connecting the floating ball with the instrument panel will also affect the contact line of the floating ball.

[0005] Based on the above reasons, in view of the defects of the existing side-mounted floating ball oil level meter, a transformer oil pillow oil level monitoring device with higher accuracy and stronger anti-interference ability needs to be designed. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems raised in the background art, and to provide a transformer oil pillow oil level on-line monitoring device and a monitoring method.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: A kind of transformer oil pillow oil level on-line monitoring device, including oil pillow, oil level gauge and monitoring box, the oil pillow is installed on the top of transformer, the oil level gauge is fixedly installed on oil pillow, oil level gauge includes sensing mechanism and instrument panel, the instrument panel is fixedly installed on the outside wall of oil pillow, the sensing mechanism is located inside oil pillow, the sensing mechanism includes measuring tube and swing bar; The top of the measuring tube is provided with a standby air plate, the bottom is provided with an immersion plate, and the middle section is provided with a reference float plate, the reference float plate is in contact with the oil surface, and the reference float plate is provided with a first detector and a second detector, the immersion plate is below the oil surface, the bottom of the immersion plate is provided with a temperature sensor, and the top is provided with a plurality of telescopic liquid drains, the standby air plate is above the oil surface, the standby air plate is provided with a gas cylinder, the gas cylinder is communicated with the telescopic liquid drain, and the volume of the telescopic liquid drain is expanded or reduced by supplying and exhausting air to the telescopic liquid drain. The oil pillow is provided with a drain pipe below, the bottom of the drain pipe is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor, temperature sensor and instrument panel transmit the data detected by themselves to the monitoring box.

[0008] As a further scheme of the application, a connecting sleeve is fixedly installed at the center position of the reference float plate, and the connecting sleeve is sleeved on the measuring tube. A spherical joint is arranged on the outer side wall of the measuring tube at the position corresponding to the connecting sleeve, the spherical joint is fixed on the measuring tube, and the inner side wall of the connecting sleeve is arranged as a spherical surface matched with the spherical joint and movably sleeved on the spherical joint.

[0009] As a further scheme of the application, the top of the measuring tube is fixedly connected with the standby air plate, the inside of the standby air plate is hollow, and a gas cylinder is fixedly installed inside, a piston plate is arranged in the gas cylinder, the bottom of the piston plate is connected with a piston column, the bottom of the piston column penetrates through the gas cylinder and is connected with a movable plate, the movable plate is located inside the measuring tube, and the bottom of the movable plate is connected with the bottom surface of the measuring tube through a spring.

[0010] As a further scheme of the application, an electromagnet is arranged on the movable plate, and an electromagnet is also arranged on the bottom surface of the measuring tube at the position corresponding to the movable plate.

[0011] As a further scheme of the application, the bottom of the measuring tube is fixedly connected with the immersion plate, the telescopic liquid drain is composed of a top plate, a bottom plate and an elastic telescopic body to form an integrated seal, and an elastic member is arranged between the top plate and the bottom plate. The gas cylinder is communicated with the telescopic liquid drain through an air pipe, and the telescopic liquid drains are uniformly and arrayed distributed on the immersion plate.

[0012] As a further scheme of the application, the first detector is aligned with the upper surface of the reference float plate, and the second detector is aligned with the lower surface of the reference float plate.

[0013] As a further scheme of the present application: the reference floating plate is circumferentially provided with a plurality of sub-plates, each of which is provided with a first detector and a second detector, and each of the sub-plates is additionally provided with a balance ball at the bottom.

[0014] As a further scheme of the present application: the balance ball is mounted on a transmission member which is radially distributed along the measuring tube, and the transmission member is used to move the position of the balance ball so as to adjust the distance between the balance ball and the measuring tube.

[0015] As a further scheme of the present application: the standby plate and the immersion plate are in the shape of a disc, and the immersion plate is rotationally connected with a pendulum rod through a hanging ring, and the pendulum rod is connected with the instrument panel.

[0016] A method for using the transformer oil pillow oil level on-line monitoring device, using the transformer oil pillow oil level on-line monitoring device as described above, comprising the following steps: S1: placing the sensing mechanism of the oil level gauge inside the oil pillow of the transformer, ensuring that the standby plate is above the oil surface, the immersion plate is below the oil surface, the reference floating plate is in natural contact with the oil surface, and the oil surface is located in the preset monitoring area between the first detector and the second detector, simultaneously, installing the pressure sensor at the bottom of the oil discharge pipe below the oil pillow, fixing the monitoring box at a position convenient for data acquisition and monitoring, and completing the line connection and sealing treatment between the devices to ensure stable operation of the device; S2: when the first detector detects that it is below the oil surface, it indicates that the reference floating plate moves downward and the contact line with the oil surface moves upward, at this time, the electromagnet at the bottom of the measuring tube is energized, and the two generate repulsion, which pushes the movable plate to move upward against the spring force, the upward movement of the movable plate squeezes the gas in the gas cylinder, the gas is transported to the telescopic liquid discharger through the gas pipe, so that the telescopic liquid discharger expands, since the telescopic liquid discharger is below the oil surface, the increase in volume of the telescopic liquid discharger leads to an increase in the oil discharge volume, thereby increasing the buoyancy on the immersion plate, driving the reference floating plate to float upward, and as the reference floating plate rises, the oil surface returns to the monitoring area between the first detector and the second detector; S3: when the second detector detects that it is above the oil surface, it indicates that the reference floating plate moves upward, at this time, the current of the electromagnet at the bottom of the measuring tube is reduced, and the repulsion between the two is also reduced, under the joint action of the spring tension and the reduced repulsion, the movable plate moves downward, the gas cylinder draws gas from the telescopic liquid discharger through the gas pipe, causing the volume of the telescopic liquid discharger to decrease, the oil discharge volume of the telescopic liquid discharger decreases, the buoyancy on the immersion plate decreases, and the reference floating plate moves downward, and the adjustment continues until the oil surface returns to the monitoring area between the first detector and the second detector again; S4: repeating S2-S3, so that the reference floating plate is always in contact with the oil surface, and the oil surface is located between the first detector and the second detector, providing a stable reference for accurate measurement of the oil level; S5: Converts changes in oil level into a visual display on the instrument panel. At the same time, the instrument panel transmits the oil level change data to the monitoring box in real time. In addition, the pressure sensor transmits the oil level data detected at the bottom of the drain pipe and the temperature sensor transmits the oil temperature data detected at the bottom of the immersion plate to the monitoring box in real time. S6: The data processing module inside the monitoring box performs real-time analysis of the received oil temperature and oil level data. When there is a deviation between the oil level data fed back by the oil level gauge and the oil level data monitored by the pressure sensor, the system automatically retrieves the built-in oil density-temperature curve data, combines it with the current oil temperature, and calculates the impact of oil density changes on the oil level to determine whether there is a false oil level phenomenon caused by factors such as oil temperature changes or abnormal oil density. If it is determined to be a false oil level, the monitoring box sends the abnormal information to the remote monitoring platform through the wireless transmission module to remind maintenance personnel to handle it in time.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: 1. The existing float structure is replaced by a measuring tube and reference float design. By automatically adjusting the volume of the telescopic drain, the buoyancy of the submerged plate is changed, allowing the reference float to quickly return to the preset monitoring area. This ensures that the reference float always maintains precise contact with the oil surface. Compared with traditional monitoring methods, this greatly improves the accuracy and stability of oil level measurement, has stronger anti-interference capabilities, and eliminates the measurement errors caused by changes in the contact line between the float and the oil surface due to changes in oil density, oil temperature, and adhering impurities.

[0018] 2. The relative position of the oil level and the float is monitored in real time by the first and second detectors on the reference float. The reference float and the measuring tube are movably installed through a ball joint. At the same time, the reference float is equipped with adjustable balance balls in the circumferential plates. When the oil level rises or falls, the reference float can be dynamically fine-tuned. It can adapt to changes in oil level without manual intervention, so that the reference float can always remain horizontal and float on the oil surface. This effectively prevents the reference float and the measuring tube from tilting, and further ensures the accuracy of the measurement.

[0019] 3. The monitoring box simultaneously receives data from the pressure sensor and the oil level gauge detector, constructing a dual-redundant monitoring system. This avoids misjudgments caused by a single measurement failure, significantly improving the reliability and fault tolerance of the monitoring system and providing more comprehensive protection for the safe and stable operation of the transformer. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the present invention on a transformer; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil tank, oil level gauge, and monitoring box of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the oil level gauge of the present invention in the oil tank; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the oil level gauge of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring tube and reference float of the present invention when the telescopic drainer is in the retracted state; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring tube and reference float of the present invention when the telescopic drainer is in an expanded state. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reference float plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring tube of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the measuring tube of the present invention; Figure 11 for Figure 10 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point B; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the measuring tube of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring tube and reference float of the present invention from another angle.

[0021] In the diagram: 100, oil conservator; 101, oil drain pipe; 200, oil level gauge; 210, sensing mechanism; 211, measuring tube; 2111, air reserve plate; 2112, air tank; 2113, piston plate; 2114, piston column; 2115, movable plate; 2116, spring; 2117, electromagnet; 2119, air pipe; 212, reference float; 2121, first detector; 2122, second... Two detectors; 2123, connecting sleeve; 2124, ball joint; 2125, dividing plate; 2126, balance ball; 2127, conveyor; 213, immersion plate; 2131, temperature sensor; 2132, telescopic drain; 2133, top plate; 2134, bottom plate; 2135, elastic telescopic body; 2136, elastic element; 220, instrument panel; 230, swing arm; 300, monitoring box. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Reference Figures 1-13An online monitoring device for transformer oil conservator level mainly consists of an oil conservator 100, an oil level gauge 200, and a monitoring box 300. The oil conservator 100 is installed on top of the transformer and serves as a container for storing and regulating the volume of transformer insulating oil. The volume of insulating oil inside the transformer tank changes due to factors such as temperature and load, and the oil conservator must ensure that the tank is always full of insulating oil. The oil level gauge 200 is fixedly installed on the oil conservator 100 and is used to measure the oil level inside the conservator. The monitoring box 300 is fixed in a position that facilitates data acquisition and monitoring and is used to receive, process, and transmit monitoring data. The three devices work together to achieve online monitoring of the transformer oil conservator level.

[0024] The oil level gauge 200 includes a sensing mechanism 210 and an instrument panel 220. The instrument panel 220 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the oil conservator 100. The sensing mechanism 210 is located inside the oil conservator 100 and includes a measuring tube 211 and a swing rod 230. The top of the measuring tube 211 is fixedly connected to the air preparation plate 2111, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the immersion plate 213. The immersion plate 213 is rotatably connected to the swing rod 230 by a hanging ring. The instrument panel 220 has an extension rod connected to the swing rod 230. The measuring tube 211 floats up and down in the oil as the oil level rises. Since one end of the swing rod 230 is connected to the immersion plate 213... The lever 230 is rotatably connected to the instrument panel 220 at one end, and a transmission gear is provided at the connection between the lever 230 and the extension rod of the instrument panel 220. Therefore, during the up-and-down movement of the measuring tube 211, the end of the lever 230 connected to the immersion plate 213 will rotate with the measuring tube 211. At the same time, the connection between the lever 230 and the instrument panel 220 will also drive the transmission gear at the connection to rotate. The rotation of the transmission gear will drive the pointer of the instrument panel 220 to rotate (this process is achieved by the mechanical linkage structure or magnetic coupler inside the instrument panel 220), and finally convert the oil level change into a direct display on the instrument panel 220.

[0025] Reference Figures 6-13 A connecting sleeve 2123 is fixedly installed at the center of the reference float 212. The connecting sleeve 2123 is fitted onto the measuring tube 211, and a ball joint 2124 is provided on the outer wall of the measuring tube 211 at the corresponding position of the connecting sleeve 2123. The ball joint 2124 is fixed onto the measuring tube 211. The inner wall of the connecting sleeve 2123 is set to a spherical surface that matches the ball joint 2124, and is movably fitted onto the ball joint. This connection method allows the reference float 212 to rotate flexibly within a certain range. When the oil level fluctuates, the reference float 212 can quickly adjust its own attitude through the movable cooperation of the ball joint 2124 and the connecting sleeve 2123 to adapt to changes in the oil level and always maintain horizontal contact with the oil level, laying the foundation for accurate oil level measurement.

[0026] The gas preparation plate 2111 is hollow inside, and a gas storage cylinder 2112 is fixedly installed inside. A piston plate 2113 is provided inside the gas storage cylinder 2112. The bottom of the piston plate 2113 is connected to a piston column 2114. The bottom of the piston column 2114 passes through the gas storage cylinder 2112 and is connected to a movable plate 2115. The movable plate 2115 is located inside the measuring tube 211. At the same time, the bottom of the movable plate 2115 is connected to the bottom surface of the measuring tube 211 through a spring 2116, forming a gas regulating structure that can move up and down.

[0027] An electromagnet 2117 is provided on the movable plate 2115, and an electromagnet 2117 is also provided on the bottom surface of the measuring tube 211 at the corresponding position on the movable plate 2115. When the contact position between the reference float 212 and the oil surface changes due to factors such as changes in oil density and oil temperature, the first detector 2121 or the second detector 2122 will detect the abnormality (the first detector 2121 and the second detector 2122 can be capacitive level sensors or float-type microswitches).

[0028] If the first detector 2121 detects that it is below the oil surface, that is, the reference float 212 moves downward, the two electromagnets 2117 are energized and generate a repulsive force, pushing the movable plate 2115 to move upward against the elastic force of the spring 2116. The movable plate 2115 drives the piston column 2114 and piston plate 2113 to move upward, squeezing the gas in the gas storage cylinder 2112. If the second detector 2122 detects that it is below the oil surface, that is, the reference float 212 moves upward, the current of the electromagnet 2117 is reduced, the repulsive force between the two decreases, and under the action of the spring 2116, the movable plate 2115 moves downward, thereby controlling the gas in the gas storage cylinder 2112.

[0029] A temperature sensor 2131 is provided at the bottom of the immersion plate 213 to monitor the oil temperature in the oil conservator in real time and provide oil temperature data for subsequent data processing. Several telescopic drainers 2132 are provided at the top. Each telescopic drainer 2132 is an integrated sealing element composed of a top plate 2133, a bottom plate 2134 and an elastic telescopic body 2135. An elastic element 2136 (a spring) is provided between the top plate 2133 and the bottom plate 2134. The air storage cylinder 2112 is connected to the telescopic drainers 2132 through an air pipe 2119. The telescopic drainers 2132 are evenly distributed in an array on the immersion plate 213. When the gas in the air storage cylinder 2112 is squeezed or extracted, the gas is transmitted to the telescopic drainers 2132 through the air pipe 2119, causing the telescopic drainers 2132 to expand or contract.

[0030] By adjusting the current of the electromagnet 2117 to control the intensity of the repulsive force, the movable plate 2115 can be moved up and down, thereby controlling the volume change of the telescopic drainer 2132. The change in the volume of the telescopic drainer 2132 will change the oil discharge volume of the immersion plate 213, thereby changing the buoyancy of the immersion plate 213. The change in buoyancy will drive the reference float 212 to move up and down, thereby achieving automatic adjustment of the contact position between the reference float 212 and the oil surface.

[0031] Reference Figures 6-13 The reference float 212 is equipped with a first detector 2121 and a second detector 2122. The first detector 2121 is aligned with the upper surface of the reference float 212, and the second detector 2122 is aligned with the lower surface of the reference float 212, for real-time monitoring of the relative position of the oil surface and the reference float 212.

[0032] The reference float 212 has multiple sub-plates 2125 arranged circumferentially. Each sub-plate 2125 is equipped with a first detector 2121 and a second detector 2122. In addition, each sub-plate 2125 has a balance ball 2126 at its bottom. The balance ball 2126 is mounted on a transmission component 2127 (the transmission component 2127 can be an electric screw mechanism or an electromagnetic slide rail). The transmission component 2127 is radially distributed along the measuring tube 211. When the oil level rises or falls, the first detector 2121 and the second detector 2122 on each sub-plate 2125 will detect different situations. By moving the position of the balance ball 2126 through the transmission component 2127, the distance between the balance ball 2126 and the central axis of the measuring tube 211 is adjusted, thereby realizing dynamic fine-tuning of the horizontal state of the reference float 212. This ensures that the reference float 212 always remains horizontal and floats on the oil surface, and that the state of the reference float 212 is not affected by the rotation angle of the pendulum, thus improving the accuracy of the measurement.

[0033] An oil drain pipe 101 is provided below the oil tank 100. A pressure sensor is provided at the bottom end of the oil drain pipe 101 to measure the oil level data in the oil tank. The measurement principle is based on the relationship between liquid pressure and liquid level. The oil level is calculated by detecting the pressure of the oil on the pressure sensor.

[0034] The pressure sensor, temperature sensor 2131, and instrument panel 220 transmit the data they detect to the monitoring box 300 via lines, and complete the wiring connection and sealing treatment between each device to ensure stable operation of the device. The data processing module in the monitoring box 300 performs real-time analysis on the received oil temperature and oil level data. Through a dual redundancy monitoring mechanism, that is, comparing the oil level data fed back by the oil level gauge 200 with the oil level data monitored by the pressure sensor, and combining the oil temperature data and the built-in oil density-temperature curve data, it determines whether there is a false oil level phenomenon. If an abnormality is found, the abnormal information is sent to the remote monitoring platform through the wireless transmission module to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to deal with it in time.

[0035] To further clarify, the aforementioned fixed connection should be interpreted broadly unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited. For example, it may be welding, gluing, or integral molding, or other conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.

[0036] A method for using an online transformer oil level monitoring device includes the following steps: S1: Place the sensing mechanism 210 of the oil level gauge 200 inside the oil conservator 100 of the transformer, ensuring that the air preparation plate 2111 is above the oil surface, the immersion plate 213 is below the oil surface, the reference float 212 is in natural contact with the oil surface, and the oil surface is in the preset monitoring area between the first detector 2121 and the second detector 2122. At the same time, install the pressure sensor at the bottom of the oil drain pipe 101 below the oil conservator 100, fix the monitoring box 300 in a position that facilitates data acquisition and monitoring, and complete the wiring connection and sealing treatment between each device to ensure stable operation of the device. S2: When the first detector 2121 detects that it is below the oil surface, it indicates that the reference float 212 moves down and the contact line with the oil surface moves up. At this time, the electromagnet 2117 on the bottom of the movable plate 2115 and the measuring tube 211 is energized, and the two generate a repulsive force, pushing the movable plate 2115 to move upward against the elastic force of the spring 2116. The upward movement of the movable plate 2115 compresses the gas in the gas storage cylinder 2112. The gas is transported to the telescopic drain 2132 through the gas pipe 2119, causing the telescopic drain 2132 to expand. Since the telescopic drain 2132 is below the oil surface, its volume increases, resulting in an increase in the volume of oil discharged, which in turn increases the buoyancy of the submerged plate 213, causing the reference float 212 to float up. As the reference float 212 rises, the oil surface returns to the monitoring area between the first detector 2121 and the second detector 2122. S3: When the second detector 2122 detects that it is above the oil surface, it indicates that the reference float 212 has moved upward. At this time, the current of the movable plate 2115 and the electromagnet 2117 at the bottom of the measuring tube 211 is reduced, and the repulsive force between them is reduced. Under the combined action of the tension of the spring 2116 and the reduced repulsive force, the movable plate 2115 will move downward. The air tank 2112 draws air from the telescopic drain 2132 through the air pipe 2119, causing the volume of the telescopic drain 2132 to shrink. The oil discharge volume of the telescopic drain 2132 is reduced, the buoyancy of the submerged plate 213 decreases, and the reference float 212 moves downward. The adjustment continues until the oil surface returns to the monitoring area between the first detector 2121 and the second detector 2122. S4: Repeat S2-S3 to keep the reference float 212 in contact with the oil surface and the oil surface is located between the first detector 2121 and the second detector 2122, so as to provide a stable reference for accurate oil level measurement. S5: The changes in oil level are converted into an intuitive display on the instrument panel 220. At the same time, the instrument panel 220 transmits the oil level change data to the monitoring box 300 in real time. In addition, the pressure sensor transmits the oil level data detected at the bottom of the drain pipe 101 and the temperature sensor 2131 transmits the oil temperature data detected at the bottom of the immersion plate 213 to the monitoring box 300 in real time. S6: The data processing module inside the monitoring box 300 performs real-time analysis of the received oil temperature and oil level data. When there is a deviation between the oil level data fed back by the oil level gauge 200 and the oil level data monitored by the pressure sensor, the system automatically retrieves the built-in oil density-temperature curve data, combines it with the current oil temperature, and calculates the impact of oil density changes on the oil level to determine whether there is a false oil level phenomenon caused by factors such as oil temperature changes or abnormal oil density. If it is determined to be a false oil level, the monitoring box 300 sends the abnormal information to the remote monitoring platform through the wireless transmission module to remind maintenance personnel to handle it in time.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transformer oil conservator online oil level monitoring device, comprising an oil conservator (100), an oil level gauge (200), and a monitoring box (300), wherein the oil conservator (100) is installed on the top of the transformer, and the oil level gauge (200) is fixedly installed on the oil conservator (100), characterized in that, The oil level gauge (200) includes a sensing mechanism (210) and an instrument panel (220), wherein the sensing mechanism (210) includes a measuring tube (211) and a lever (230). The measuring tube (211) is provided with a gas reserve plate (2111) at the top, a reference float plate (212) in the middle, and an immersion plate (213) at the bottom. The reference float plate (212) is in contact with the oil surface and is provided with a first detector (2121) and a second detector (2122). The immersion plate (213) is located below the oil surface. The immersion plate (213) is provided with a temperature sensor (2131) at the bottom and several telescopic drainers (2132) at the top. The gas reserve plate (2111) is located above the oil surface. The gas reserve plate (2111) is provided with a gas storage cylinder (2112) inside. The gas storage cylinder (2112) is connected to the telescopic drainers (2132). By supplying and evacuating gas to the telescopic drainers (2132), the volume of the telescopic drainers (2132) is controlled to expand or shrink. The oil tank (100) is provided with an oil drain pipe (101) below it. The bottom end of the oil drain pipe (101) is provided with a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor, temperature sensor (2131) and instrument panel (220) transmit the data they detect to the monitoring box (300).

2. The online monitoring device for transformer oil conservator level according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting sleeve (2123) is fixedly installed at the center of the reference float (212), and the connecting sleeve (2123) is fitted onto the measuring tube (211); The outer wall of the measuring tube (211) is provided with a ball joint (2124) at the corresponding position of the connecting sleeve (2123). The ball joint (2124) is fixed on the measuring tube (211). The inner wall of the connecting sleeve (2123) is set as a spherical surface that matches the ball joint (2124) and is movably fitted on the ball joint (2124).

3. The online monitoring device for transformer oil conservator level according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the measuring tube (211) is fixedly connected to the gas preparation plate (2111). The gas preparation plate (2111) is hollow inside and a gas storage cylinder (2112) is fixedly installed inside. A piston plate (2113) is provided inside the gas storage cylinder (2112). A piston column (2114) is connected to the bottom of the piston plate (2113). The bottom of the piston column (2114) passes through the gas storage cylinder (2112) and is connected to a movable plate (2115). The movable plate (2115) is located inside the measuring tube (211), and the bottom of the movable plate (2115) is connected to the bottom surface of the measuring tube (211) by a spring (2116).

4. The online oil level monitoring device for transformer oil conservator according to claim 3, characterized in that, An electromagnet (2117) is provided on the movable plate (2115), and an electromagnet (2117) is also provided on the bottom surface of the measuring tube (211) at the corresponding position on the movable plate (2115).

5. The online oil level monitoring device for transformer oil conservator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the measuring tube (211) is fixedly connected to the immersion plate (213). The telescopic drain (2132) is an integrated sealing component consisting of a top plate (2133), a bottom plate (2134), and an elastic telescopic body (2135). An elastic element (2136) is provided between the top plate (2133) and the bottom plate (2134). The gas storage cylinder (2112) is connected to the telescopic drainer (2132) through the gas pipe (2119), and the telescopic drainer (2132) is evenly distributed in an array on the immersion plate (213).

6. The online oil level monitoring device for transformer oil conservator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first detector (2121) is aligned with the upper surface of the reference float (212), and the second detector (2122) is aligned with the lower surface of the reference float (212).

7. The online oil level monitoring device for transformer oil conservator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The reference float (212) is provided with multiple sub-plates (2125) in the circumferential direction. Each sub-plate (2125) is provided with a first detector (2121) and a second detector (2122). In addition, each sub-plate (2125) is provided with a balance ball (2126) at the bottom.

8. The online oil level monitoring device for transformer oil conservator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The balance ball (2126) is mounted on the conveyor (2127), which is radially distributed along the measuring tube (211) and is used to move the position of the balance ball (2126) to adjust the distance between the balance ball (2126) and the measuring tube (211).

9. The online oil level monitoring device for transformer oil conservator according to claim 8, characterized in that, The air preparation plate (2111) and the immersion plate (213) are in the shape of a disc, and the immersion plate (213) is rotatably connected to the swing arm (230), and the swing arm (230) is connected to the instrument panel (220).

10. A method of using a transformer oil conservator online oil level monitoring device, comprising using the transformer oil conservator online oil level monitoring device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Place the sensing mechanism (210) of the oil level gauge (200) inside the oil tank (100) of the transformer, ensuring that the air preparation plate (2111) is above the oil surface and the immersion plate (213) is below the oil surface, the reference float (212) is in natural contact with the oil surface, and the oil surface is in the preset monitoring area between the first detector (2121) and the second detector (2122). At the same time, install the pressure sensor at the bottom of the oil drain pipe (101) below the oil tank (100), fix the monitoring box (300) in a position that facilitates data acquisition and monitoring, and complete the wiring connection and sealing treatment between each device to ensure stable operation of the device. S2: When the first detector (2121) detects that it is below the oil surface, it indicates that the reference float (212) moves down and the contact line with the oil surface moves up. At this time, the electromagnet (2117) on the bottom of the movable plate (2115) and the measuring tube (211) is energized, and the two generate a repulsive force, pushing the movable plate (2115) to move upward against the elastic force of the spring (2116). The upward movement of the movable plate (2115) squeezes the gas in the gas storage cylinder (2112). The gas is transported to the telescopic drain (2132) through the gas pipe (2119), causing the telescopic drain (2132) to expand. Since the telescopic drain (2132) is below the oil surface, its volume increases, resulting in an increase in the volume of oil discharged, which in turn increases the buoyancy of the submerged plate (213), causing the reference float (212) to float up. As the reference float (212) rises, the oil surface returns to the monitoring area between the first detector (2121) and the second detector (2122). S3: When the second detector (2122) detects that it is above the oil surface, it indicates that the reference float (212) has moved up. At this time, the current of the movable plate (2115) and the electromagnet (2117) at the bottom of the measuring tube (211) is reduced, and the repulsive force between them is reduced. Under the combined action of the spring (2116) tension and the reduced repulsive force, the movable plate (2115) will move down. The air tank (2112) draws air from the telescopic drain (2132) through the air pipe (2119), causing the volume of the telescopic drain (2132) to shrink. The oil discharge volume of the telescopic drain (2132) decreases, the buoyancy of the submerged plate (213) decreases, and the reference float (212) moves down. The adjustment continues until the oil surface returns to the monitoring area between the first detector (2121) and the second detector (2122). S4: Repeat S2-S3 to keep the reference float (212) in contact with the oil surface and the oil surface between the first detector (2121) and the second detector (2122) to provide a stable reference for accurate oil level measurement; S5: The changes in oil level are converted into an intuitive display on the instrument panel (220). At the same time, the instrument panel (220) transmits the oil level change data to the monitoring box (300) in real time. In addition, the pressure sensor transmits the oil level data detected at the bottom of the drain pipe (101) and the temperature sensor (2131) transmits the oil temperature data detected at the bottom of the immersion plate (213) to the monitoring box (300) in real time. S6: The data processing module inside the monitoring box (300) performs real-time analysis on the received oil temperature and oil level data. When the oil level data fed back by the oil level gauge (200) deviates from the oil level data monitored by the pressure sensor, the system automatically retrieves the built-in oil density-temperature curve data. Combined with the current oil temperature, the system calculates the impact of oil density changes on the oil level to determine whether there is a false oil level phenomenon caused by factors such as oil temperature changes or abnormal oil density. If it is determined to be a false oil level, the monitoring box (300) sends the abnormal information to the remote monitoring platform through the wireless transmission module to remind the maintenance personnel to handle it in time.

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