An ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport, its fabrication method and application

Abstract

This invention discloses an ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport, its fabrication method, and its application, belonging to the field of photoelectric sensor technology. The photoelectric sensor includes a wide-bandgap semiconductor substrate with capillary boundaries, a porous water-storing material, and electrodes composed of non-polarized electrodes. The porous water-storing material provides a water source for the capillary boundaries. The capillary boundaries of the substrate possess ionic conductivity due to the surface tension of the water filling the capillary boundaries. The non-polarized electrodes can rapidly convert ion current into detectable electron current. The ultraviolet photoelectric sensor provided by this invention utilizes the ionic conductivity of the ion channels formed by the capillary boundaries and the temperature change caused by the absorption of ultraviolet light by the wide-bandgap semiconductor to achieve the detection of ultraviolet light.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ultraviolet photoelectric sensor technology, specifically relating to an ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Ultraviolet (UV) photoelectric sensors are devices that convert UV light signals into measurable electrical signals and detect UV light by detecting changes in these signals. They are widely used in environmental monitoring, fire early warning, space exploration, chemical / biological detection, and wireless communication. The development of UV photoelectric sensors has gone through three stages: photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), silicon-based UV photodiodes, and the latest wide-bandgap semiconductor UV photoelectric sensors. PMTs are large, consume high power, and require high voltage operation; silicon-based UV photoelectric sensors are prone to aging under UV irradiation, and due to their small bandgap, they require filters to distinguish between UV and visible light, increasing overall cost. Given the limitations of these two sensor configurations, UV photoelectric sensors based on wide-bandgap semiconductors, such as TiO2, ZnO, GaN, and β-Ga2O3, have gradually gained attention from researchers. Wide-bandgap semiconductors have sufficiently large band gaps to effectively filter visible light, thus eliminating the need for additional filters and overcoming the shortcomings of previous generations. Currently, wide-bandgap semiconductor UV photoelectric sensors are mainly divided into two types: photoconductive sensors and photovoltaic sensors. Among them, photoconductive sensors are current output types and require an external bias voltage; while photovoltaic sensors are voltage output types and do not require an external bias voltage. In addition, photoconductive sensors have a simple configuration, requiring only a single semiconductor and two electrodes; while photovoltaic sensors are more complex and have various configurations, such as Schottky, pn junction, pin junction, MIS, and MSM types.

[0003] However, both photoconductive and photovoltaic sensors are based on electronic conductivity. When operating in environments containing water vapor, especially high humidity environments, they need to be encapsulated; otherwise, they will generate large dark currents or even short-circuit failures.

[0004] Nanoscale capillary channels refer to tiny channel structures with dimensions on the nanometer scale (1~100 nm). This nanoscale size endows capillary channels with unique physicochemical properties. Compared to macroscopic channels, nanoscale capillary channels have an extremely large specific surface area, meaning that a unit volume of channel has more surface atoms, resulting in extremely high surface activity. Furthermore, according to the capillary principle, liquids in nanoscale capillary channels experience strong capillary forces, allowing the liquid to flow spontaneously within the capillary channels without external force. Summary of the Invention

[0005] 1. The problem to be solved

[0006] This invention addresses the problems of requiring encapsulation in high-humidity environments for ultraviolet photoelectric sensors based on electronic conductivity. It provides an ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport, its fabrication method, and its applications. This ultraviolet photoelectric sensor utilizes ionic conductivity, employing nanoscale capillary channels at the substrate boundary filled with liquid as ion channels, and the temperature change caused by the absorption of ultraviolet light by a wide-bandgap semiconductor, to achieve the detection of ultraviolet light. Compared to traditional electronic conductivity, ionic conductivity offers higher reliability and eliminates the need for encapsulation in high-humidity environments.

[0007] 2. Technical Solution

[0008] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] This invention provides an ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport, comprising:

[0010] Power supply, meter, substrate, first electrode and second electrode, wherein:

[0011] The substrate comprises a layered wide bandgap semiconductor with capillary boundaries; a wide bandgap semiconductor is a semiconductor with a bandgap width greater than or equal to 3.2 eV, which can effectively filter visible light; a capillary boundary refers to the presence of nanoscale capillary channels at the boundary. When filled with liquid, the nanoscale capillary channels can serve as ion channels, and under capillary forces, the liquid can spontaneously flow within the channels without external force.

[0012] Both the first and second electrodes include a porous water storage material and a non-polarized electrode connected to the porous water storage material; the aqueous solution adsorbed by the porous water storage material includes anions and cations.

[0013] The porous water storage materials of the first and second electrodes are in contact with the substrate boundary; water in the porous water storage material fills the nanoscale capillary grooves of the substrate boundary under the action of surface tension to form ion channels, and anions and cations in the aqueous solution flow freely in the channels to form ion current; the non-polarized electrode can convert the ion current into electronic current;

[0014] The non-polarized electrodes of the first and second electrodes are connected to the power supply and the meter through a circuit; the meter detects changes in current to detect ultraviolet light.

[0015] Furthermore, the contact between the aforementioned porous water storage material and the substrate boundary includes the porous water storage material being embedded in the edge of the substrate; or the two porous water storage materials in contact clamping the edge of the substrate. As a further explanation of the present invention, the present invention does not limit the form of contact between the porous water storage material and the substrate boundary, as long as the aqueous solution adsorbed in the porous water storage materials of the first electrode and the second electrode can enter the capillary channels of the substrate boundary.

[0016] Furthermore, the aforementioned base material is selected from any one of muscovite, biotite, vermiculite, and kaolinite.

[0017] Furthermore, the substrate material is selected from muscovite, and its quality is V1 grade. Compared with other grades of mica flakes, V1 grade mica has fewer impurities and more uniform capillary boundary dimensions.

[0018] Furthermore, the shape of the aforementioned base includes rectangles, squares, circles, etc.; as a further explanation of the present invention, the present invention does not limit the shape of the base, but preferably it is a regular shape.

[0019] Furthermore, the shape of the aforementioned base includes a rectangle.

[0020] Furthermore, the thickness of the substrate is 10~120 μm; as a further explanation of the present invention, the present invention does not limit the thickness of the substrate, it is only necessary to ensure that the substrate has capillary boundaries.

[0021] Furthermore, the thickness of the aforementioned substrate is 30~120 μm.

[0022] Furthermore, the thickness of the aforementioned substrate is 40~120 μm.

[0023] Furthermore, the thickness of the aforementioned substrate is 50~120 μm.

[0024] Furthermore, the thickness of the aforementioned substrate is 60~120 μm.

[0025] Furthermore, the thickness of the aforementioned substrate is 70~120 μm.

[0026] Furthermore, the thickness of the aforementioned substrate is 80~120 μm.

[0027] Furthermore, the substrate thickness is 80-85 μm. As a further explanation of the invention, substrate thickness is related to light absorption, temperature rise, and conductivity rise. A smaller thickness results in lower light absorption and smaller temperature changes; conversely, a larger thickness results in higher conductivity and requires a greater amount of light absorption to raise the temperature by the same amount. Therefore, the substrate thickness needs to be as thick as possible. However, the applicant's research found that when the substrate thickness is greater than 80 μm, the on / off ratio does not increase significantly. Therefore, a substrate thickness of 80-85 μm is preferred.

[0028] Furthermore, the thickness of the aforementioned substrate is 80~82 μm.

[0029] Furthermore, the thickness of the aforementioned substrate is 82 μm.

[0030] Furthermore, the aforementioned porous water storage material is selected from any one or more of artificial hydrogels, natural hydrogels, and sponges.

[0031] Furthermore, the aforementioned hydrogel includes any one or more of the following: polyacrylamide (PAAM) hydrogel, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel, etc.

[0032] Furthermore, the shape of the aforementioned porous water storage material includes rectangles, squares, circles, etc.; as a further explanation of the present invention, the present invention does not limit the shape of the porous water storage material, as long as it can contact the boundary of the substrate.

[0033] Furthermore, the shape of the aforementioned porous water storage material includes a rectangle, and the length is greater than the width of the rectangular base. As a further explanation of the present invention, the more the boundary of the base material contacts the porous water storage material, the more beneficial it is for water to fill the boundary of the base under the action of surface tension and form ion channels.

[0034] Furthermore, the anions in the aqueous solution adsorbed by the above-mentioned porous water storage material are selected from Cl... - ,Br - I - Any one or more of the following.

[0035] Furthermore, the cations in the aqueous solution adsorbed by the above-mentioned porous water storage material are selected from K + Na + Li + Any one or more of the following.

[0036] Furthermore, the cations in the aqueous solution adsorbed by the above-mentioned porous water storage material are selected from K + As a further explanation of the present invention, the mica (white mica, biotite) material contains K + K was selected + It helps to improve ionic conductivity.

[0037] Furthermore, the anions and cations in the aqueous solution adsorbed by the above-mentioned porous water storage material include Cl- - and K + .

[0038] Furthermore, the aforementioned non-polarized electrode is selected from silver / silver chloride electrode, calomel electrode, or copper / copper sulfate electrode.

[0039] Furthermore, the porous water storage material of the first electrode and the porous water storage material of the second electrode are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center point of the substrate.

[0040] Furthermore, the distance between the porous water storage materials of the first electrode and the second electrode is 10~50 mm. As a further explanation of the present invention, the distance between the porous water storage materials of the first electrode and the second electrode needs to balance the rise in conductivity and temperature. The closer the distance, the greater the conductivity under the same voltage; while the farther the distance, the more obvious the temperature rise in the central region due to the large specific heat capacity of the hydrogel. The distance setting in the present invention can improve the on / off ratio of the sensor.

[0041] Furthermore, the distance between the porous water storage materials of the first electrode and the second electrode is 30~50 mm.

[0042] Furthermore, the distance between the porous water storage materials of the first electrode and the second electrode is 30 mm; as a further explanation of the present invention, the on / off ratio is at its maximum at this time.

[0043] Furthermore, the voltage of the power supply mentioned above includes 0.2~2 V.

[0044] Furthermore, the voltage of the aforementioned power supply includes 0.2~1.5 V.

[0045] Furthermore, the aforementioned meters include picoammeters, which can measure currents from 20 fA to 20 mA, meeting various microcurrent measurement needs.

[0046] This invention also provides a method for fabricating an ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport, the method comprising the following steps:

[0047] S01, prepare a power supply, a meter, a non-polarized electrode, and a wide bandgap semiconductor substrate with capillary boundaries of the target shape, and a porous water storage material that adsorbs aqueous solutions containing anions and cations; a wide bandgap semiconductor refers to a semiconductor with a bandgap width greater than or equal to 3.2 eV, and a capillary boundary refers to the existence of nanoscale capillary channels at the boundary.

[0048] S02, connect the non-polarized electrode to the porous water storage material to form the first electrode and the second electrode, and make the porous water storage materials of the first electrode and the second electrode contact the substrate boundary respectively according to the distance;

[0049] S03, the non-polarized electrodes of the first and second electrodes are connected to the power supply and the meter through a circuit to form an ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport.

[0050] Furthermore, the voltage of the power supply mentioned above includes 0.2~2 V.

[0051] Furthermore, the voltage of the power supply mentioned above includes 0.2~1.5 V.

[0052] Furthermore, the aforementioned meters include picoammeters, which can measure currents from 20 fA to 20 mA, meeting various microcurrent measurement needs.

[0053] Furthermore, the aforementioned non-polarized electrode is selected from silver / silver chloride electrode, calomel electrode, or copper / copper sulfate electrode.

[0054] Furthermore, the aforementioned non-polarized electrode is selected from silver / silver chloride electrodes.

[0055] Furthermore, the preparation method of the above-mentioned silver / silver chloride electrode includes: carrying out a redox reaction of a high-purity silver mesh in a potassium chloride solution to prepare a silver / silver chloride electrode.

[0056] Furthermore, the purity of the aforementioned high-purity silver mesh should be greater than 99.99%. This purity of silver mesh can reduce impurities and improve electrode stability.

[0057] Furthermore, both the substrate and the porous water storage material are rectangular, and the length of the porous water storage material is greater than the width of the substrate.

[0058] Furthermore, the porous water storage materials of the first electrode and the second electrode respectively contact the substrate boundary by using the long sides of the porous water storage materials of the first electrode and the second electrode to clamp the short side of the substrate.

[0059] Furthermore, the aforementioned base material is selected from any one or more of muscovite, biotite, vermiculite, and kaolinite.

[0060] Furthermore, the aforementioned substrate material is selected from muscovite.

[0061] Furthermore, the base of the aforementioned target shape is formed by cutting out the base.

[0062] Furthermore, the preparation of the porous water storage material that adsorbs aqueous solutions containing anions and cations includes: placing the porous water storage material in an aqueous solution containing anions and cations, fully absorbing water and exchanging ions.

[0063] Furthermore, the aforementioned porous water storage material is selected from any one of artificial hydrogels, natural hydrogels, and sponges.

[0064] Furthermore, the aforementioned aqueous solutions containing anions and cations include aqueous solutions containing any one or more of KCl, NaCl, LiCl, etc.

[0065] Furthermore, the above-mentioned aqueous solution containing anions and cations is a KCl aqueous solution.

[0066] This invention also provides an application of the aforementioned ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport for detecting ultraviolet light.

[0067] Furthermore, the aforementioned detection of ultraviolet light includes detecting ultraviolet light in a water vapor environment. As a further explanation of the invention, water in the porous water storage material fills the boundary of the substrate under the action of surface tension, forming ion channels. In the electric field formed by the voltage provided by the power source, anions and cations in the aqueous solution flow freely in these channels, thereby forming an ion current. The non-polarized electrode can convert the ion current into an electron current. When ultraviolet light irradiates the substrate, the substrate absorbs the ultraviolet light and rapidly heats up. The water in the ion channels evaporates due to the temperature change, thereby changing the number of ions in the channels, which in turn causes a change in the current. The change in current value is displayed by an ammeter, thus achieving the detection of ultraviolet light through the change in current.

[0068] Furthermore, the above applications include the detection of ultraviolet light in water vapor environments.

[0069] Furthermore, the aforementioned water vapor environment includes environments with a relative humidity of 20% or higher.

[0070] Furthermore, the aforementioned water vapor environment includes environments with a relative humidity of 40% or higher.

[0071] Furthermore, the aforementioned water vapor environment includes environments with a relative humidity of 60% or higher.

[0072] Furthermore, the aforementioned water vapor environment includes environments with a relative humidity of 80% or higher.

[0073] Furthermore, the aforementioned water vapor environment includes environments with a relative humidity of 90% or higher.

[0074] The present invention also provides a method for detecting ultraviolet light in the environment, the method comprising: placing the above-mentioned ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport in the environment, and detecting ultraviolet light based on the change of current in the meter.

[0075] 3. Beneficial effects

[0076] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0077] (1) The present invention provides an ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport. This ultraviolet photoelectric sensor uses photothermal effect and ion transport system as the basic principle and structure of the sensor. Based on ion conductivity, it is more stable than electronic devices based on electronic conductivity, filling a gap in related fields. At the same time, the ultraviolet photoelectric sensor uses a wide bandgap semiconductor as the substrate, and can detect ultraviolet light without the need for a filter.

[0078] (2) The present invention provides a method for fabricating an ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport. The fabrication method is simple and does not require the use of nanofabrication techniques such as photolithography, etching, and deposition. Furthermore, the required materials are widely available and easy to prepare on a large scale, and have the potential for large-scale industrial production.

[0079] (3) The present invention provides an application of an ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport. Based on the water filling the boundary of the substrate under the action of surface tension to form an ion channel, it can be used in high humidity environment without additional packaging and is suitable for service in high humidity environment. Attached Figure Description

[0080] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport of the present invention, wherein: A is a top view of the sensor and B is a front view of the sensor.

[0081] Figure 2 This is a boundary scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of a muscovite sample with a thickness of approximately 120 μm.

[0082] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the preparation of the silver / silver chloride electrode of the present invention.

[0083] Figure 4 This is the switching current diagram of the ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport of the present invention. Specifically, it shows the current and switching ratio under different powers of 365 nm ultraviolet light irradiation at a bias voltage of 1 V.

[0084] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the distance between the porous water storage materials of the first and second electrodes.

[0085] Figure 6 It is the detection result of the change in the on / off ratio when the distance between the porous water storage material of the first electrode and the second electrode is changed, all other things being equal.

[0086] Figure 7 The results show the change in the on / off ratio when the thickness of the muscovite is changed, all other things being equal.

[0087] In the figure: 1 is a substrate with capillary boundaries, 2 is a porous water storage material, 3 is a non-polarized electrode, 4 is a high-purity silver mesh, and 5 is a platinum sheet electrode. Detailed Implementation

[0088] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0089] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the term “and / or” as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0090] Unless otherwise specified in the examples, the procedures should be performed under standard conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available products.

[0091] As used herein, the term “about” is used to provide for the flexibility and imprecision associated with a given term, measure, or value. Those skilled in the art can readily determine the degree of flexibility for a particular variable.

[0092] As used herein, the term “at least one of…” is intended to be synonymous with “one or more of…”. For example, “at least one of A, B, and C” explicitly includes only A, only B, only C, and combinations thereof.

[0093] Concentration, amount, and other numerical data may be presented in range format herein. It should be understood that such range format is used solely for convenience and brevity and should be flexibly interpreted to include not only the values ​​explicitly stated as the limits of the range, but also all individual values ​​or subranges encompassed within the range, as if each value and subrange were explicitly stated. For example, a range of values ​​from about 1 to about 4.5 should be interpreted to include not only the explicitly stated limits of 1 to 4.5, but also individual numbers (such as 2, 3, 4) and subranges (such as 1 to 3, 2 to 4, etc.). The same principle applies to ranges that describe only a single value, such as "less than about 4.5," which should be interpreted to include all the values ​​and ranges described above. Furthermore, this interpretation should apply regardless of the breadth of the range or characteristic described.

[0094] As per this invention, unless otherwise specified, the current switching ratio is the current (Ion) when the device is in the on state. on ) and the current when it is in the off state (I) off The ratio of on / off ratio (I / I) can be expressed by the formula: On / off ratio = I / I on / I off This ratio reflects the degree of change in electrical performance when the device switches between two states. The larger the ratio, the more significant the difference between the on and off states, and the better the switching performance.

[0095] Example 1

[0096] This embodiment provides an ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport and its fabrication method.

[0097] A schematic diagram of the structure of an ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0098] Power supply, meter, wide bandgap semiconductor substrate 1 with capillary boundaries, first electrode and second electrode,

[0099] Both the first electrode and the second electrode include a porous water storage material 2 and a non-polarized electrode 3 connected to the porous water storage material 2; the aqueous solution adsorbed by the porous water storage material includes anions and cations;

[0100] The porous water storage material 2 of the first and second electrodes is in contact with the boundary of the substrate 1.

[0101] The non-polarized electrode 3 of the first and second electrodes is connected to the power supply and the meter through a circuit.

[0102] In this embodiment, the wide-bandgap semiconductor substrate 1 with capillary boundaries is a V1-level muscovite sheet, a semiconductor with a bandgap of approximately 6 eV, and nanoscale capillary channels exist at the boundaries. The porous water storage material is two contacting polyacrylamide (PAAM) hydrogels, and the adsorbed aqueous solution includes Cl. - and K + The non-polarized electrode is a silver / silver chloride electrode.

[0103] Its preparation method includes the following steps:

[0104] S01, prepare a power supply, a meter, a non-polarized electrode, and a wide bandgap semiconductor substrate with capillary boundaries of the target shape, and a porous water storage material that adsorbs aqueous solutions containing anions and cations; a wide bandgap semiconductor refers to a semiconductor with a bandgap width greater than or equal to 3.2 eV; a capillary boundary refers to the existence of nanoscale capillary channels at the boundary;

[0105] S02, connect the non-polarized electrode to the porous water storage material to form the first electrode and the second electrode, and make the porous water storage materials of the first electrode and the second electrode contact the substrate boundary respectively according to the distance;

[0106] S03, the non-polarized electrodes of the first and second electrodes are connected to the power supply and the meter through a circuit to form an ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport.

[0107] Specifically, it includes:

[0108] 1) Preparation of a wide bandgap semiconductor substrate with capillary boundaries: Select a V1 grade mica sheet (manufacturer: TEDPELLA), cut into a rectangle of 75 mm × 25 mm, with a thickness of approximately 120 μm; mica is a layered material, and after cutting, nanoscale capillary channels exist at the boundary (SEM image as shown). Figure 2 (As shown).

[0109] 2) Preparation of porous hydrophilic materials for adsorbing aqueous solutions containing anions and cations: (a) Weigh 15.6376 g (0.22 mol) acrylamide (AAm) using an analytical balance; measure 100 mL of ultrapure water using a graduated cylinder; place the weighed AAM and ultrapure water into a beaker and stir magnetically to fully dissolve AAM. (b) Add 0.009384 g N-N'-methylenebispropylamide crosslinking agent (MBAA) and 0.026588 g ammonium persulfate (AP) photoinitiator to the beaker sequentially and stir evenly. (c) In a fume hood, use a pipette to measure 53 μL (0.0391 g) tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) crosslinking promoter (Aladdin, 0.775 g / mL, 96%), add it to the beaker and stir evenly. (d) Pour the prepared solution into a mold and cover it with a glass plate; remove it from the mold after the hydrogel has completely solidified. (e) Prepare a potassium chloride solution with a concentration of 1 mol / L; cut the prepared hydrogel into the required shape (approximately 10 mm × 30 mm), immerse the cut hydrogel in the potassium chloride solution, and use it after the hydrogel has completely absorbed water and swelled.

[0110] 3) Preparation of the non-polarized electrode (silver / silver chloride electrode): Connect a high-purity silver mesh (99.99%) to the positive terminal of the power supply, and a platinum sheet electrode to the negative terminal of the power supply. Place the silver mesh and platinum sheet electrode in a 0.1 M potassium chloride solution and maintain a bias voltage of 1.5 V for 30 minutes. Figure 3 After the reaction is complete, remove the silver / silver chloride mesh, blow it dry, and cut it into the desired shape, generally slightly smaller than the size of the hydrogel.

[0111] 4) Take four pieces of hydrogel and place them in pairs to form the porous water storage material for the first and second electrodes; place the silver / silver chloride electrode on the surface of the porous water storage material to form the first and second electrodes; place the two opposite sides of the substrate between the two overlapping pieces of hydrogel of the first and second electrodes respectively, so as to use the hydrogel to hold the substrate, and the boundary of the substrate is in contact with the hydrogel; the distance between the porous water storage materials of the first and second electrodes is about 40 mm.

[0112] 5) The silver / silver chloride electrode is connected to an external power supply and a meter. The power supply is 0.2 V and the meter is a Keithley 6487 picoammeter to obtain an ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport.

[0113] Example 2

[0114] This embodiment provides a study on the performance of the ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport prepared in Example 1 in detecting ultraviolet light in a high humidity environment.

[0115] The ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport prepared in Example 1 was placed in an aluminum box with controllable ambient humidity. After the water-containing environment stabilized for 30 minutes, the relative humidity was approximately 90%. A hole with a diameter of approximately 1 cm was made in the top of the aluminum box and sealed with a quartz window. The quartz window was irradiated with an adjustable 365 nm ultraviolet lamp to obtain the on / off ratio of the device at different power levels. A Keithley 6487 picoammeter was used, and the bias voltage was controlled and the current versus time curves were recorded through a LabVIEW graphical programming interface.

[0116] The switching characteristics of ultraviolet photoelectric sensors are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, under a bias voltage of 0.2 V, the maximum power (800 mW / cm) 2 The maximum on / off ratio can reach approximately 13,000.

[0117] Example 3

[0118] This embodiment provides a study on the effect of the distance between the porous water storage materials of the first electrode and the second electrode on the on / off ratio.

[0119] Referring to Examples 1 and 2, the substrate width was 10 mm and the thickness was 50 μm. The distance between the porous water storage materials of the first and second electrodes was varied (from large to small to minimize impurity contamination, and excess portions were removed), specifically 50, 40, 30, 20, and 10 mm (e.g., ...). Figure 5 As shown), the power consumption is approximately 150 mW / cm. 2 Irradiation with 365 nm ultraviolet light.

[0120] The results are as follows Figure 6 As shown, the on / off ratios were measured to be 14066, 14544, 101749, 18618, and 6373, respectively. Taking into account the promoting effect of reducing the electrode spacing on current and the suppressing effect on center temperature (due to the large specific heat capacity of hydrogel), the appropriate distance for a larger on / off ratio is approximately 30 mm.

[0121] Example 4

[0122] This embodiment provides a study on the influence of substrate thickness on the sensor on / off ratio.

[0123] Referring to Examples 1 and 2, sensors with different substrate thicknesses were fabricated with a substrate width of 10 mm. The distance between the porous water storage materials of the first and second electrodes was 20 mm. The substrate thicknesses were 34 μm, 42 μm, 65 μm, 70 μm, 82 μm, and 120 μm, respectively, and the power used was approximately 150 mW / cm². 2 Irradiate with a 365 nm ultraviolet lamp and measure its on / off ratio.

[0124] The results are as follows Figure 7 As shown, the measured on / off ratios were 13710, 26331, 47866, 40674, 261339, and 277730, respectively. The substrate thickness was related to the increase in light absorption, temperature, and conductivity. The smaller the thickness, the smaller the light absorption and the smaller the temperature change; while the larger the thickness, the greater the conductivity and the greater the light absorption required to raise the temperature by the same amount. Therefore, the substrate thickness needs to be as thick as possible. However, when the substrate thickness is greater than 80 μm, such as 120 μm, the on / off ratio does not increase significantly. Therefore, the preferred substrate thickness is 80~85 μm.

[0125] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A UV photovoltaic sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport, characterized in that, The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport.

2. The capillary boundary ion transport based ultraviolet photosensor according to claim 1, wherein, The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport.

3. The capillary boundary ion transport based ultraviolet photosensor according to claim 2, wherein, The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport.

4. The capillary boundary ion transport based ultraviolet photosensor according to claim 3, wherein, The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport.

5. The capillary boundary ion transport based ultraviolet photoelectric sensor according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The water solution adsorbed by the porous water storage material has anions selected from any one or more of Cl - , Br - , I - ; and cations selected from any one or more of K + , Na + , Li + .

6. A method of fabricating a UV photovoltaic sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport, characterized by, The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method further comprises: The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport.

8. The method for fabricating an ultraviolet photoelectric sensor based on capillary boundary ion transport according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport.

9. Use of a capillary boundary ion transport based ultraviolet photoelectric sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport.

10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that, The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary boundary ion transport. The application relates to a UV photodetector based on capillary

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