Spherical structure ultrasonic flaw detection equipment capable of determining damage position

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive flaw detection equipment, and provides spherical structure ultrasonic flaw detection equipment capable of determining a damage position, the spherical structure ultrasonic flaw detection equipment comprises a triangular bracket, the bottom of the triangular bracket is fixedly connected with universal wheels, the top of the triangular bracket is provided with a shell, air coupling transducers are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the shell, and the outer side of the shell is provided with an ultrasonic transducer; a first distance control assembly is arranged in the shell, and a limiting assembly is arranged at the position, on one side of the first distance control assembly, of the shell; the clamping block is clamped into the first clamping groove, the large gear is connected with the outer cylinder sleeve, so that the shape of the shell can be adjusted according to the shape of a detected device, the shell can be tightly attached to a standard spherical structure or a non-standard structure such as an oval structure and a cylindrical structure, the probe and the detected surface are well coupled, smooth propagation of ultrasonic signals is guaranteed, and the detection accuracy is improved. The accuracy and reliability are improved from the detection basis level, diversified detection requirements are met, and a powerful guarantee is provided for subsequent accurate detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of non-destructive testing equipment technology, specifically to a spherical ultrasonic testing device capable of determining the location of damage. Background Technology

[0002] Spherical structures, such as pressure vessels, storage tanks, spacecraft fuel tanks, large chemical reaction vessels, and the cabins of certain special equipment, are widely used in cutting-edge industrial fields such as aerospace, energy and chemical engineering, and national defense due to their excellent mechanical properties and material utilization under uniform pressure. These devices typically operate under extreme conditions such as high pressure, high temperature, low temperature, or corrosive media, and their structural integrity directly affects the safety and reliability of the entire system. Therefore, regular, efficient, and accurate non-destructive testing of spherical structures is of paramount engineering significance. Among numerous non-destructive testing technologies, ultrasonic testing is considered one of the core methods for detecting internal defects in metal structures due to its advantages such as large detection depth, high defect location accuracy, sensitivity to hazardous defects, harmlessness to humans, and ease of on-site use. However, ultrasonic flaw detection and location devices for spherical structures have the following problems:

[0003] The testing devices suffer from poor adaptability: Spherical structures have unique shapes with constantly changing surface curvature, and their sizes vary considerably. Most existing ultrasonic flaw detection positioning devices are fixed structures, making it difficult to flexibly adjust them according to the specific shape and size of the spherical structure. For example, for spherical pressure vessels of different diameters, fixed testing devices cannot fit tightly against their surfaces, resulting in poor coupling between the probe and the tested surface during testing, hindering ultrasonic signal propagation and severely impacting the accuracy and reliability of the detection. Furthermore, traditional devices struggle to effectively perform testing on non-standard spherical structures such as ellipses or cylinders, failing to meet diverse testing needs.

[0004] The accuracy of detection and positioning is difficult to guarantee: In ultrasonic testing of spherical structures, accurately determining the location of damage is crucial. However, due to the complexity of spherical structures, the detection device is easily affected by various factors during the positioning process. On the one hand, when the detection device is placed inside the device under test, it is difficult to accurately locate it in the center. This will result in inconsistent distances between the probes at different positions and the surface under test, causing differences in the intensity and arrival time of the detection signal, which in turn affects the accuracy of defect location. On the other hand, existing detection devices lack an effective synchronous control mechanism when adjusting the probe position, making it difficult to ensure that multiple probes arrive at the designated position simultaneously and accurately. This can easily lead to some probes arriving prematurely or delayed, which will also have an adverse effect on the detection results.

[0005] Limited Detection Range: Traditional ultrasonic flaw detection and positioning devices often have a limited detection range. For large spherical structures, due to their large size, the area that the detection device can cover at one time is small. Multiple movements and adjustments of the device are required to complete the inspection of the entire structure. This not only increases the workload and time cost but also easily leads to error accumulation due to inaccurate repositioning of the device during multiple inspections, reducing the overall quality of the inspection. Furthermore, during the inspection process, the movement and adjustment of the device may cause unnecessary collisions and damage to the equipment under test, posing certain safety hazards.

[0006] In summary, the present invention aims to develop a novel ultrasonic flaw detection device with a spherical structure that can determine the location of damage. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a spherical ultrasonic flaw detection device capable of determining the location of damage. After starting the motor, the rotation speed is adjusted according to the size of the space under test. Through gears, chains, and other transmissions, multiple racks move synchronously, automatically adjusting the device to the center position. This ensures that the distance between probes at different positions and the surface under test is consistent, eliminating signal differences and ensuring that multiple probes simultaneously and accurately reach the designated position, greatly improving the accuracy of defect location and solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0009] An ultrasonic flaw detection device with a spherical structure capable of determining the location of damage includes: a triangular support, with casters fixedly connected to the bottom of the triangular support for stabilizing the upper structure; a shell on the top of the triangular support, with multiple through slots; a circular groove on one side of the through slot; the shell is composed of a large hollow hemisphere and a small hollow hemisphere, which are slidably connected by an arc-shaped block; air coupling transducers are evenly distributed on the outer side of the shell; a first distance control component is disposed inside the shell; and a limit component is disposed on one side of the first distance control component.

[0010] Furthermore, the first distance control component includes a motor and a fixed plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing. A drive gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. A large gear is provided on one side of the drive gear, and the large gear meshes with the drive gear. A small gear is rotatably connected to the fixed plate. The small gear is arranged around the large gear and corresponds one-to-one with the through slot. The small gear meshes with the large gear. A connecting rod is provided at the end of the small gear away from the fixed plate. The small gear and the connecting rod are connected by a rotating shaft. A square through slot is opened at the end of the connecting rod away from the small gear. A rotating shaft is slidably connected in the square through slot. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and the connecting rod is slidably connected in the through slot.

[0011] Furthermore, an outer sleeve is provided in the middle of the large gear, and a threaded rod is connected to the inner thread of the outer sleeve. The threads on the outer sleeve and the threads on the threaded rod are opposite in direction. The top of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the small hollow hemisphere. The threaded rod pushes the small hollow hemisphere to maximize the approximation of the shape of the device under test, thereby reducing the detection gap of the air coupling transducer on different surfaces of the outer shell.

[0012] Furthermore, a square groove two is provided on the large gear, and a locking block is slidably connected in the square groove two. The side of the locking block near the outer sleeve is in the shape of an isosceles triangle, and a spring one is connected between the locking block and the square groove two to facilitate the locking block to be engaged in the locking groove one.

[0013] The outer sleeve has a slot of the same size as the locking block at the position of the large gear, and a baffle is slidably connected to the outer side of the outer sleeve;

[0014] When the device under test is elliptical or cylindrical, the operator first pulls open the baffle before starting work, so that the spring is no longer restricted, thereby pushing the locking block into the locking slot, which in turn makes the large gear engage with the outer sleeve. When the large gear rotates, it will drive the outer sleeve to rotate.

[0015] Furthermore, a square groove is formed inside the second connecting rod, and a through groove is formed on one side of the square groove. A rack is slidably connected inside the second connecting rod, and one end of the rack is slidably connected inside the through groove. A rubber pad is fixedly connected to the end of the rack near the through groove to prevent damage to the device under test when the rack comes into contact with the inner wall of the device under test.

[0016] Furthermore, the limiting component includes a limiting groove formed on the pinion, a limiting block slidably connected in the limiting groove, a second spring fixedly connected between the limiting block and the limiting groove, a fixed shaft fixedly connected to the end of the pinion away from the connecting rod, a plurality of locking teeth evenly distributed on the bottom of the fixed shaft, and a plurality of V-shaped grooves formed on one side of the limiting groove on the rotating shaft, the V-shaped grooves being evenly distributed on the rotating shaft to facilitate the limiting block being engaged in one of the V-shaped grooves.

[0017] A micro gear is rotatably connected inside the circular groove. The micro gear meshes with the rack, and a chain is sleeved between the micro gear and the fixed shaft. The chain has a slot with the same size as the tooth.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This invention connects the large gear to the outer sleeve by inserting the card block into the card slot, thereby allowing the shape of the outer shell to be adjusted according to the shape of the device being tested. Whether it is a standard sphere, an ellipse, a cylinder, or other non-standard structures, it can fit tightly. This ensures good coupling between the probe and the surface being tested, guaranteeing smooth propagation of ultrasonic signals. It improves accuracy and reliability from the basic level of testing, meets diverse testing needs, and provides strong support for subsequent accurate testing.

[0020] 2. This invention, after starting the motor, adjusts the rotation speed according to the size of the space of the device being tested. Through gears, chains, and other transmissions, multiple racks move synchronously, automatically adjusting the device to the center position. This ensures that the distance between the probes at different positions and the surface being tested is consistent, eliminating signal differences and ensuring that multiple probes simultaneously and accurately reach the designated position, greatly improving the accuracy of defect location.

[0021] 3. This invention uses a motor to rotate rapidly, driving a small gear. Centrifugal force causes the limiting block to engage in the V-groove, which in turn drives the connecting rod to rotate, extending the rack distance and expanding the coverage area of ​​a single detection. This reduces the number of adjustments required, lowers workload, costs, and error accumulation, while also preventing collision damage and improving detection efficiency and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the outer casing of the device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the square slot of the device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 7 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Enlarged view at point C;

[0029] Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 4 Enlarged view at point D;

[0030] Figure 9 This is the present invention. Figure 4 Enlarged view of point E in the middle.

[0031] In the picture:

[0032] 1. Triangular bracket; 2. Casters; 3. Housing; 31. Through slot one; 32. Circular slot; 33. Large hollow hemisphere; 34. Small hollow hemisphere; 35. Arc block; 4. Air coupling transducer; 5. First distance control component; 51. Motor; 52. Fixing plate; 53. Drive gear; 54. Large gear; 541. Outer sleeve; 5411. Square slot two; 5412. Locking block; 5413. Spring one; 5414. Locking slot one; 5415. Baffle 542. Threaded rod; 55. Pinion; 56. Connecting rod one; 561. Rotating shaft one; 57. Square through slot; 571. Rotating shaft two; 58. Connecting rod two; 581. Square slot one; 582. Through slot two; 583. Rack; 584. Rubber pad; 6. Limiting assembly; 61. Limiting slot; 62. Limiting block; 63. Spring two; 64. Fixed shaft; 641. Clamping tooth; 65. V-groove; 66. Micro gear; 67. Chain belt; 68. Clamping slot two. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0034] like Figures 1-9As shown, the present invention provides a spherical ultrasonic flaw detection device capable of determining the location of damage, comprising: a triangular support 1, with casters 2 fixedly connected to the bottom of the triangular support 1 for stabilizing the upper structure; a shell 3 on the top of the triangular support 1, with multiple through slots 31 on the shell 3; a circular groove 32 on one side of the through slots 31; the shell 3 is composed of a large hollow hemisphere 33 and a small hollow hemisphere 34, which are slidably connected by an arc-shaped block 35; air coupling transducers 4 are evenly distributed on the outer side of the shell 3; a first distance control component 5 is disposed inside the shell 3; and a limit component 6 is disposed on one side of the first distance control component 5.

[0035] As a technical solution of the present invention, the first distance control component 5 includes a motor 51 and a fixing plate 52 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell 3. The output end of the motor 51 is fixedly connected to a drive gear 53. A large gear 54 is provided on one side of the drive gear 53. The large gear 54 meshes with the drive gear 53. A small gear 55 is rotatably connected to the fixing plate 52. The small gear 55 is arranged around the large gear 54 and corresponds one-to-one with the through groove 31. The small gear 55 meshes with the large gear 54. A connecting rod 56 is provided at the end of the small gear 55 away from the fixing plate 52. The small gear 55 and the connecting rod 56 are connected by a rotating shaft 561. A square through groove 57 is opened at the end of the connecting rod 56 away from the small gear 55. A rotating shaft 571 is slidably connected in the square through groove 57. A connecting rod 58 is fixedly connected at one end of the rotating shaft 571. The connecting rod 58 is slidably connected in the through groove 31.

[0036] As a technical solution of the present invention, an outer sleeve 541 is provided in the middle of the large gear 54. A threaded rod 542 is connected to the inner thread of the outer sleeve 541. The threads on the outer sleeve 541 and the threads on the threaded rod 542 are opposite in direction. The top of the threaded rod 542 is fixedly connected to the small hollow hemisphere 34. The threaded rod 542 pushes the small hollow hemisphere 34 to maximize the approximation of the shape of the device under test, thereby reducing the detection gap of the air coupling transducer 4 on different surfaces of the outer shell 3.

[0037] As a technical solution of the present invention, a square groove 5411 is provided on the large gear 54, and a locking block 5412 is slidably connected in the square groove 5411. The side of the locking block 5412 near the outer sleeve 541 is in the shape of an isosceles triangle, and a spring 5413 is connected between the locking block 5412 and the square groove 5411 to facilitate the locking block 5412 to be locked into the locking groove 5414.

[0038] The outer sleeve 541 has a slot 5414 of the same size as the locking block 5412 at the position of the large gear 54, and a baffle 5415 is slidably connected to the outer side of the outer sleeve 541.

[0039] When the device under test is elliptical or cylindrical, the operator first pulls open the baffle 5415 before starting work, so that the spring 5413 is no longer restricted, thereby pushing the locking block 5412 into the locking slot 5414, which in turn makes the large gear 54 engage with the outer sleeve 541. When the large gear 54 rotates, it will drive the outer sleeve 541 to rotate.

[0040] As a technical solution of the present invention, a square groove 581 is provided in the second connecting rod 58, and a through groove 582 is provided on one side of the square groove 581. A rack 583 is slidably connected in the second connecting rod 58, and one end of the rack 583 is slidably connected in the through groove 582. A rubber pad 584 is fixedly connected to one end of the rack 583 near the through groove 582 to prevent the rack 583 from damaging the device under test when it comes into contact with the inner wall of the device under test.

[0041] As a technical solution of the present invention, the limiting component 6 includes a limiting groove 61 formed on the pinion 55, a limiting block 62 slidably connected in the limiting groove 61, a spring 63 fixedly connected between the limiting block 62 and the limiting groove 61, a fixed shaft 64 fixedly connected to the end of the pinion 55 away from the connecting rod 56, a plurality of locking teeth 641 evenly distributed on the bottom of the fixed shaft 64, and a plurality of V-shaped grooves 65 formed on one side of the limiting groove 61 on the rotating shaft 561, the V-shaped grooves 65 being evenly distributed on the rotating shaft 561 to facilitate the limiting block 62 to be engaged in one of the V-shaped grooves 65;

[0042] If the internal space of the device under test is large, after the output end of rack 583 fully extends out of connecting rod 58, control motor 51 to rotate rapidly. This drives small gear 55 to rotate rapidly through drive gear 53 and large gear 54. During the rotation of small gear 55, limit block 62 rotates synchronously. The centrifugal force generated by the rapid rotation of small gear 55 pulls limit block 62 to slide away from limit groove 61, thereby engaging with V-groove 65. This causes small gear 55 to engage with shaft 561, which in turn causes connecting rod 56 to rotate during the rotation of small gear 55. When connecting rod 56 rotates, it pushes connecting rod 58 out of through groove 31, thereby extending the distance of rack 583.

[0043] A micro gear 66 is rotatably connected inside the circular groove 32. The micro gear 66 meshes with the rack 583, and a chain belt 67 is sleeved between the micro gear 66 and the fixed shaft 64. The chain belt 67 has a second groove 68 with the same size as the tooth 641.

[0044] Working principle:

[0045] like Figures 2-4 He Ru Figures 7-8 As shown, firstly, the operator adjusts the shape of the outer shell 3 of the device according to the shape of the object being measured. When the device being measured is elliptical or cylindrical, the operator first pulls open the baffle 5415 before starting work, so that the spring 5413 is no longer restricted, thereby pushing the locking block 5412 into the locking slot 5414, which in turn makes the large gear 54 engage with the outer sleeve 541. When the large gear 54 rotates, it will drive the outer sleeve 541 to rotate, and push the small hollow hemisphere 34 through the threaded rod 542 to maximize the approximation of the shape of the device being measured. This allows the device to meet the testing needs of spherical structures of different shapes and sizes. Whether it is a standard sphere or a non-standard spherical structure such as an ellipse or cylinder, the device can achieve a tight fit by adjusting the shape of the outer shell 3, effectively improving the coupling effect between the probe and the surface being measured, ensuring the smooth propagation of ultrasonic signals, and greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the test.

[0046] like Figures 1-9 As shown, next, the motor 51 is started, and the rotation speed of the motor 51 is adjusted according to the size of the device under test. If the internal space of the device under test is small, the motor 51 is controlled to rotate at a normal speed. The motor 51 drives the drive gear 53 to rotate, the drive gear 53 drives the large gear 54 to rotate, the large gear 54 drives the small gear 55 to rotate, the fixed shaft 64 rotates synchronously with the small gear 55, the fixed shaft 64 drives the chain belt 67 to rotate, the chain belt 67 drives the micro gear 66 to rotate. Since the micro gear 66 meshes with the rack 583, the micro gear 66 drives the rack 583 to slide out from the connecting rod 56 until it contacts the inner wall of the device under test. Since the small gears 55 around the large gear 54 rotate synchronously, they drive multiple racks 583 to move synchronously. If one rack 583 contacts the inside of the outer shell 3, while the other racks 583 do not contact the inner wall of the outer shell 3, the rack 583 will push the device to move in other directions through the universal wheel 2, thereby adjusting the device to always be located in the center of the device under test.

[0047] It should be noted that if the internal space of the device under test is large, after the output end of rack 583 fully extends from connecting rod 58, the motor 51 is controlled to rotate rapidly. This drives gear 53 and large gear 54 to drive small gear 55 to rotate rapidly. During the rotation of small gear 55, the limiting block 62 rotates synchronously. The centrifugal force generated by the rapid rotation of small gear 55 pulls the limiting block 62 to slide away from the limiting groove 61, thus engaging with the V-groove 65. This causes small gear 55 to engage with rotating shaft 561, which in turn drives connecting rod 56 to rotate. When connecting rod 56 rotates, it pushes connecting rod 58 outward from through groove 31, thereby extending the distance of rack 583 and expanding the area that the device can cover in one operation. This reduces the number of times the device needs to be moved and adjusted, which not only reduces the workload and time cost of testing but also avoids the accumulation of errors caused by repeated inaccurate positioning, improving the overall quality of testing. At the same time, reducing the number of times the device needs to be moved and adjusted also reduces the risk of collision and damage to the device under test, improving the safety of the testing process.

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purposes of illustration and description. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spherical ultrasonic flaw detection device capable of determining the location of damage, comprising: A triangular bracket (1) is characterized in that: a universal wheel (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the triangular bracket (1), a shell (3) is provided on the top of the triangular bracket (1), a through groove (31) is provided on the shell (3), a plurality of through grooves (31) are provided, a circular groove (32) is provided on one side of the through groove (31) of the shell (3), the shell (3) is composed of a large hollow hemisphere (33) and a small hollow hemisphere (34), the large hollow hemisphere (33) and the small hollow hemisphere (34) are slidably connected by an arc block (35), an air coupling transducer (4) is evenly distributed on the outer side of the shell (3), a first distance control component (5) is provided inside the shell (3), and a limit component (6) is provided on one side of the first distance control component (5) of the shell (3).

2. The ultrasonic flaw detection device for a spherical structure capable of determining the location of damage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first distance control assembly (5) includes a motor (51) and a fixing plate (52) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (3). A drive gear (53) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (51). A large gear (54) is provided on one side of the drive gear (53). The large gear (54) meshes with the drive gear (53). A small gear (55) is rotatably connected to the fixing plate (52). The small gear (55) is arranged around the large gear (54) and corresponds one-to-one with the through slot (31). The small gear (55) and the through slot (31) are connected to the drive gear (53). The large gear (54) meshes with the small gear (55), and a connecting rod (56) is provided at one end of the small gear (55) away from the fixed plate (52). The small gear (55) and the connecting rod (56) are connected by a rotating shaft (561). A square through groove (57) is provided at one end of the connecting rod (56) away from the small gear (55). A rotating shaft (571) is slidably connected in the square through groove (57). A connecting rod (58) is fixedly connected at one end of the rotating shaft (571). The connecting rod (58) is slidably connected in the through groove (31).

3. The spherical ultrasonic flaw detection device for determining the location of damage as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The large gear (54) is provided with an outer sleeve (541) in the middle. The outer sleeve (541) is internally threaded with a threaded rod (542). The threads on the outer sleeve (541) and the threads on the threaded rod (542) are opposite in direction. The top of the threaded rod (542) is fixedly connected to the small hollow hemisphere (34).

4. The ultrasonic flaw detection device for a spherical structure capable of determining the location of damage as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The large gear (54) has a square groove two (5411) on it. A locking block (5412) is slidably connected in the square groove two (5411). The side of the locking block (5412) near the outer sleeve (541) is in the shape of an isosceles triangle. A spring one (5413) is connected between the locking block (5412) and the square groove two (5411). The outer sleeve (541) has a slot (5414) of the same size as the card block (5412) at the position of the large gear (54), and a baffle (5415) is slidably connected to the outer side of the outer sleeve (541).

5. The ultrasonic flaw detection device for a spherical structure capable of determining the location of damage as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting rod 2 (58) has a square groove 1 (581) inside, and the connecting rod 2 (58) has a through groove 2 (582) on one side of the square groove 1 (581). A rack (583) is slidably connected inside the connecting rod 2 (58). One end of the rack (583) is slidably connected inside the through groove 2 (582). A rubber pad (584) is fixedly connected to one end of the rack (583) near the through groove 2 (582).

6. The ultrasonic flaw detection device for a spherical structure capable of determining the location of damage as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting component (6) includes a limiting groove (61) opened on the pinion (55), a limiting block (62) slidably connected in the limiting groove (61), a spring (63) fixedly connected between the limiting block (62) and the limiting groove (61), a fixed shaft (64) fixedly connected to one end of the pinion (55) away from the connecting rod (56), a plurality of teeth (641) evenly distributed on the bottom of the fixed shaft (64), and a plurality of V-grooves (65) opened on one side of the limiting groove (61) on the rotating shaft (561), the V-grooves (65) being evenly distributed on the rotating shaft (561). A micro gear (66) is rotatably connected in the circular groove (32). The micro gear (66) meshes with the rack (583). A chain belt (67) is sleeved between the micro gear (66) and the fixed shaft (64). A second groove (68) with the same size as the tooth (641) is opened on the chain belt (67).

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