Protection circuit, electronic device and overcurrent protection method

Abstract

The application discloses a protection circuit, an electronic device and an overcurrent protection method, and relates to the technical field of electricity, and comprises a monitoring circuit, a power supply circuit and a control circuit. The monitoring circuit provides a main current through the power supply circuit of a first power supply, and provides a stable current for a first resistor of the power supply circuit according to a preset processing period through a second power supply, so that the monitoring circuit realizes real-time detection of current deviation generated by the first resistor independently of the power supply circuit. And according to the current deviation, the voltage of the target pin of the power supply circuit is dynamically adjusted through the output voltage of the digital-to-analog converter in the control circuit. Since the target pin is used for overcurrent protection, the overcurrent protection point is dynamically adjusted. The protection failure or false triggering problem caused by current detection error in the related art is solved. The flexibility of overcurrent protection is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of circuit, and particularly relates to a protection circuit, an electronic device and an overcurrent protection method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a server power supply system, an electronic fuse (Efuse) can be used for overcurrent protection. The Efuse monitors the current value in the power supply circuit, and when the current exceeds a preset overcurrent protection point, a MOSFET is triggered to be closed to cut off the power supply, thereby protecting the backend load device.

[0003] In actual application, the current monitoring accuracy of the Efuse is affected by many factors such as precision resistance selection, welding process, sense line layout and electromagnetic interference, resulting in a deviation between the monitored current value and the actual value. For example, the measurement error of the voltage drop across the precision resistance can cause the Efuse to fail to trigger protection in time (protection failure) when overcurrent occurs, or to mistakenly trigger protection (mistakenly trigger power-off) under normal current. In addition, the overcurrent protection point of the existing Efuse is usually a fixed value, which cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the actual operating conditions, and it is difficult to cope with complex and variable load fluctuations and environmental interference. Therefore, the flexibility of overcurrent protection is low. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a protection circuit, an electronic device and an overcurrent protection method to at least solve the problem of low flexibility of overcurrent protection in the related art.

[0005] The present application provides a protection circuit, comprising:

[0006] A monitoring circuit, a power supply circuit and a control circuit, wherein the first output end of a first power supply in the monitoring circuit is connected to the fifth pin of a first resistor in the power supply circuit, the first output end of a second power supply is connected to the first pin of the first resistor, and the second output end of the second power supply is connected to the second pin of the first resistor;

[0007] The output end of a digital-to-analog converter in the control circuit is connected to the target pin of a first controller in the power supply circuit;

[0008] The monitoring circuit is configured to provide a main current for the power supply circuit through the first power supply, and to provide a stable current for the first resistor through the second power supply according to a preset processing period, so as to monitor the current deviation generated by the first resistor. The control circuit is configured to adjust the voltage of the target pin according to the current deviation of the first resistor, and the target pin is configured to perform overcurrent protection.

[0009] The present application further provides an overcurrent protection method, comprising:

[0010] In response to the output current of the second power supply, the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop are obtained according to a preset processing period;

[0011] determine the target voltage according to the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop;

[0012] adjust the voltage of the target pin of the first controller to the target voltage through a digital-to-analog converter;

[0013] The first voltage drop is a voltage drop across the first resistor collected through the voltage detection line when the first power supply and the second power supply supply power at the same time, the second voltage drop is a voltage drop across the first resistor collected through the voltage detection line when the first power supply supplies power, and the target pin is used for overcurrent protection.

[0014] The application further provides an overcurrent protection device, comprising:

[0015] The acquisition module is configured to acquire the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop according to a preset processing period in response to the second power supply output current.

[0016] The determination module is configured to determine the target voltage according to the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop.

[0017] The processing module is configured to adjust the voltage of the target pin of the first controller to the target voltage through a digital-to-analog converter.

[0018] The first voltage drop is a voltage drop across the first resistor collected through the voltage detection line when the first power supply and the second power supply supply power at the same time, the second voltage drop is a voltage drop across the first resistor collected through the voltage detection line when the first power supply supplies power, and the target pin is used for overcurrent protection.

[0019] The application further provides an electronic device comprising the protection circuit.

[0020] The application further provides a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program.

[0021] The application further provides a computer program product comprising a computer program.

[0022] According to the application, the monitoring circuit in the protection circuit can provide the main current for the power supply circuit through the first power supply, and provide a stable current for the first resistor of the power supply circuit according to a preset processing period through the second power supply, so that the monitoring circuit can detect the current deviation generated by the first resistor in real time independently of the power supply circuit. And according to the current deviation, the output voltage of the digital-to-analog converter in the control circuit is dynamically adjusted to adjust the voltage of the target pin of the power supply circuit. Since the target pin is used for overcurrent protection, the overcurrent protection point is dynamically adjusted. The problem of protection failure or false triggering caused by current detection error in the related art is solved. The flexibility of overcurrent protection is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 An application scenario schematic diagram is provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 A structure schematic diagram of the protection circuit is provided for the embodiments of the present application. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 3 A structure schematic diagram of the monitoring circuit is provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0027] Figure 4 A structure schematic diagram of the control circuit is provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0028] Figure 5 A structure schematic diagram of the power supply circuit is provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0029] Figure 6 A structure schematic diagram of the protection circuit is provided for the embodiments of the present application. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 7 A flowchart of the overcurrent protection method is provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0031] Figure 8 A structure schematic diagram of the overcurrent protection device is provided for the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0033] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," etc., in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0034] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. Furthermore, the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards, and corresponding operation entry points are provided for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0035] In this embodiment, the monitoring circuit provides main current to the power supply circuit via a first power source and provides stable current to the first resistor of the power supply circuit via a second power source according to a preset processing cycle. This allows the monitoring circuit, independent of the power supply circuit, to detect the current deviation generated by the first resistor in real time. Based on the current deviation, the voltage of the target pin of the power supply circuit is dynamically adjusted via the output voltage of the digital-to-analog converter in the control circuit. Since the target pin is used for overcurrent protection, the overcurrent protection point is dynamically adjusted. This solves the problem of protection failure or false triggering caused by current detection errors in related technologies, and improves the flexibility of overcurrent protection.

[0036] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] This section describes the specific application environment architecture or hardware architecture upon which the protection circuit depends. (References) Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario provided by an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1As shown, the system includes server 101. Server 101 is equipped with an Efuse. Server 101 can be a high-density server, AI server, or hyperscale data center server, etc. The Efuse includes a precision resistor, a controller, and a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOS transistor). The precision resistor and MOS transistor are connected in series in the power supply line. The two pins of the controller's voltage detection line are connected to the two ends of the precision resistor to detect the voltage across the resistor. The controller can determine the current value through the precision resistor using Ohm's Law. The controller compares the detected current value with a preset current. When the current value is greater than or equal to the preset current, the controller controls the MOS transistor to turn off, cutting off the power supply to server 101 and protecting server 101 from damage by high current.

[0038] In practical applications, the current monitoring accuracy of an evacuation device is affected by various factors, including the selection of precision resistors, welding processes, sense wire layout, and electromagnetic interference, leading to deviations between the monitored current value and the actual value. For example, measurement errors in the voltage drop across the precision resistor may cause the evacuation device to fail to trigger protection in time during overcurrent (protection failure), or to falsely trigger protection under normal current (false power failure). Furthermore, the overcurrent protection point of existing evacuations is typically a fixed value, which cannot be dynamically adjusted according to actual operating conditions, making it difficult to cope with complex and changing load fluctuations and environmental interference. This results in low flexibility in overcurrent protection.

[0039] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the protection circuit provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 ,like Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a protection circuit, which is described in detail below:

[0040] The protection circuit 200 includes a monitoring circuit 201, a power supply circuit 202, and a control circuit 203. The first output terminal of the first power supply 301 in the monitoring circuit 201 is connected to the fifth pin of the first resistor 401 in the power supply circuit 202. The first output terminal of the second power supply 302 is connected to the first pin of the first resistor 401, and the second output terminal of the second power supply 302 is connected to the second pin of the first resistor 401.

[0041] The output terminal of the digital-to-analog converter 501 in the control circuit 203 is connected to the target pin of the first controller 402 in the power supply circuit 202;

[0042] The monitoring circuit 201 is used to provide the main current to the power supply circuit 202 through the first power supply 301, and to provide a stable current to the first resistor 401 through the second power supply 302 according to the preset processing cycle, so as to monitor the current deviation generated by the first resistor. The control circuit 203 is used to adjust the voltage of the target pin according to the current deviation of the first resistor 401. The target pin is used for overcurrent protection.

[0043] The protection circuit 200 can be installed in an electronic device, which can be a server.

[0044] The first power supply 301 supplies power to the power supply circuit 202, enabling the power supply circuit 202 to supply power to other components in the electronic device. The first power supply 301 can be a DC / DC power module, which can convert the input voltage into a DC voltage suitable for the power supply circuit 202 and the second power supply 302.

[0045] The second power supply 302 injects a stable small current into the first resistor 401 according to a preset processing cycle, providing a reference for voltage drop detection of the main power supply line. The preset processing cycle can correspond to a duration of 100µs.

[0046] For example, the second power supply 302 injects a stable small current into the first resistor 401 every 100µs. This allows the voltage drop across the first resistor 401 to be measured. Specifically, this is the voltage drop generated by the stable current plus the main power supply current, and the voltage drop generated by the main power supply current.

[0047] The second power supply 302 is an isolated power supply. An isolated power supply is a current source whose output current is electrically isolated from the main power supply line.

[0048] The isolated power supply uses a DC / DC power module to convert the input voltage to the voltage used by the isolated power supply, ensuring that it is completely isolated from the main power supply line and avoiding interference from transient voltage fluctuations of the main power supply line to the injected current.

[0049] The monitoring circuit 201 also includes an amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter. Based on any of the above embodiments, the following, in conjunction with... Figure 3 The monitoring circuit 201 will be described. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring circuit provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a monitoring circuit. The monitoring circuit 201 is described in detail below:

[0050] The monitoring circuit 201 includes a first power supply 301 and a second power supply 302. The monitoring circuit 201 also includes an amplifier 303 and an analog-to-digital converter 304.

[0051] Amplifier 303 is used to amplify the voltage detected by the voltage detection line to the target range corresponding to analog-to-digital converter 305. The voltage detection line is used to detect the voltage drop across the first resistor 401. Analog-to-digital converter 305 is used to convert the first analog signal corresponding to the voltage drop detected by the voltage detection line into a first digital signal.

[0052] Amplifier 303 can be a 50x amplifier. A voltage detection line can be connected between the first resistor 401 and the first controller 402. In this way, the voltage detection line can detect the voltage drop across the first resistor 401.

[0053] The first output terminal (VOUT) of the first power supply 301 is connected to the input terminal (VIN) of the second power supply 302; the first output terminal (VOUT+) of the second power supply 302 is connected to the first pin of the first resistor 401, and the second output terminal (VOUT-) of the second power supply 302 is connected to the second pin of the first resistor 401; the first input terminal (+) of the amplifier 303 is connected to the third pin of the first resistor 401, and the second input terminal (-) of the amplifier is connected to the fourth pin of the first resistor 401; the output terminal of the amplifier 303 is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter 305.

[0054] For example, assuming the stable current Ix injected by the second power supply 302 into the first resistor is 100μA, the monitoring circuit 201 continuously collects two voltage drops through the voltage detection line, namely the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop. The first voltage drop is the voltage drop across the first resistor collected through the voltage detection line when both the first and second power supplies are operating simultaneously; the second voltage drop is the voltage drop across the first resistor collected through the voltage detection line when the first power supply is operating. The amplifier 303 amplifies the first and second voltage drops detected by the voltage detection line by a factor of 50, resulting in voltages of 0.51V and 0.5V, respectively. The analog-to-digital converter 305 converts the first analog signal 1 corresponding to the first voltage drop into a first digital signal 1, and converts the first analog signal 2 corresponding to the second voltage drop into a first digital signal 2.

[0055] In this embodiment, the influence of the main power supply current is eliminated by differential measurement, and only the voltage drop caused by the injected current is retained, thereby accurately calculating the deviation of the precision resistor and providing a basis for dynamic adjustment.

[0056] The monitoring circuit 201 also includes a fourth resistor 407 and a fifth resistor 408. The fourth resistor 407 and the fifth resistor 408 are used to limit the current of the input amplifier 303 within a safe range.

[0057] Optionally, the second power supply 302 can also employ pulse width modulation (PWM) technology to control the current injection cycle. For example, during low-load phases of the server (such as standby mode), the current injection frequency can be extended from 100μs to several seconds, and high-frequency injection can be restored only during high-load phases (such as AI training). Simultaneously, low-power DC / DC power modules (such as synchronous rectification technology) can be used to reduce power loss.

[0058] By dynamically adjusting the current injection frequency and power module efficiency, the average power consumption of the monitoring unit can be significantly reduced, extending the overall energy efficiency of the server. For example, in large-scale deployments in data centers, this design can reduce additional energy consumption caused by the continuous operation of the monitoring unit, while maintaining high-precision monitoring capabilities during critical load phases, achieving a balance between performance and energy saving.

[0059] In this embodiment, an isolated current source and differential voltage drop detection are used to accurately identify precision resistor deviations. This avoids false triggering or protection failures caused by welding processes, interference, or resistor aging. Furthermore, the monitoring circuit is completely isolated from the main power supply line, ensuring no impact on its normal operation.

[0060] Based on any of the above embodiments, the following, in conjunction with Figure 4 The control circuit 203 will be described below. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control circuit provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a control circuit. The control circuit 203 is described in detail below:

[0061] The control circuit 203 includes a digital-to-analog converter 501 and a second controller 502.

[0062] The digital-to-analog converter 501 is used to convert the target digital signal corresponding to the adjusted voltage into a target analog signal, and to adjust the voltage of the target pin to the target voltage using the target analog signal. The input terminal of the digital-to-analog converter 501 is connected to the output terminal of the second controller 502 in the control circuit 203, and the output terminal of the digital-to-analog converter 501 is connected to the other end of the third resistor 404.

[0063] The second controller 502 is used to acquire the first digital signal through the bus and determine the target voltage and the adjustment voltage of the digital-to-analog converter 501 based on the voltage corresponding to the first digital signal.

[0064] One end of the third resistor 404 is connected to both the target pin and the first capacitor 503. In this way, by adjusting the output voltage of the digital-to-analog converter 501, the target voltage of the target pin connected to the third resistor 404 can be adjusted, thus achieving overcurrent protection. The target pin is a pin specifically designed for overcurrent protection in the power supply circuit 202.

[0065] The second controller 502 acquires the first digital signal determined by the analog-to-digital converter 305 via the bus, and determines the target voltage corresponding to the target pin based on the voltage drop corresponding to the first data signal. The second controller 502 determines the adjustment voltage output by the digital-to-analog converter 501 based on the target voltage. The second controller 502 inputs the target digital signal corresponding to the adjustment voltage to the digital-to-analog converter 501. The digital-to-analog converter 501 converts the target digital signal corresponding to the adjustment voltage into a target analog signal and outputs the adjustment voltage corresponding to the target analog signal. After the voltage at one end of the third resistor 404 connected to the digital-to-analog converter becomes the adjustment voltage, the voltage at the other end of the third resistor 404 connected to the target pin can become the target voltage.

[0066] The bus can be an Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus (I2C). The bus is a serial interface used for communication between the analog-to-digital converter 304 and the second controller 502.

[0067] For example, as illustrated above, the analog-to-digital converter 305 generates a first digital signal 1 and a first digital signal 2. The second controller 502 acquires the first digital signal 1 and the first digital signal 2 via a bus. Based on the first voltage drop corresponding to the first digital signal 1 and the second voltage drop corresponding to the first digital signal 2, the second controller 502 determines the current deviation ratio and determines the target voltage as voltage A1 based on the current deviation ratio.

[0068] The second controller 502 determines the adjustment voltage to be voltage A2 based on voltage A1. The second controller 502 inputs the target digital signal corresponding to voltage A2 to the digital-to-analog converter 501. The digital-to-analog converter 501 converts the target digital signal corresponding to the adjustment voltage into a target analog signal and outputs the adjustment voltage A2 corresponding to the target analog signal. After the voltage at one end of the third resistor 404 becomes voltage A2, the voltage at the target pin connected to the other end of the third resistor 404 can become voltage A1.

[0069] One end of the third resistor 404 is also connected to the second resistor 403. The other end of the third resistor 404 is also connected to the first capacitor 503. The second resistor 403 is used to adjust the voltage at the pins to which it is connected. The first capacitor 503 is used to smooth the voltage and filter out noise.

[0070] In this embodiment, the overcurrent protection point is dynamically adjusted according to the current deviation to ensure the accuracy of the protection function. By dynamically adjusting the voltage of the target pin, the overcurrent protection point is matched with the actual detected voltage drop, eliminating protection failure or false triggering caused by precision resistor deviation.

[0071] Based on any of the above embodiments, the following, in conjunction with Figure 5 The power supply circuit 202 will be described below.Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a power supply circuit. The power supply circuit 202 is described in detail below:

[0072] The power supply circuit 202 includes a first resistor 401 and a first controller 402. The power supply circuit 202 also includes a second resistor 403, a third resistor 404, a first MOSFET 405, and a second MOSFET 406.

[0073] The first resistor 401 is a precision resistor. The third pin of the first resistor 401 is connected to the first pin of the first controller 402 via a voltage detection line, and the fourth pin of the first resistor 401 is connected to the second pin of the first controller 402 via a voltage detection line. The fifth pin of the first resistor 401 is connected to the first output terminal of the first power supply 301. The sixth pin of the first resistor 401 is connected to the first terminal of the first MOSFET 405 and the first terminal of the second MOSFET 406, respectively.

[0074] The power supply circuit can be an Efuse.

[0075] Precision resistors are electronic components with superior resistance error, temperature coefficient, and stability compared to ordinary resistors. They feature high precision, low temperature drift, and high reliability. The standard resistance error of precision resistors is within ±0.5% (above 1Ω) or ±1% (below 1Ω), with a temperature coefficient ranging from 1 to 75 ppm. Using precision resistors allows for more accurate measurement of current deviations.

[0076] The control circuit also includes a fourth resistor 407 and a fifth resistor 408. The fourth resistor 407 and the fifth resistor 408 are used to limit the current between the first resistor 401 and the first controller 402 within a safe range.

[0077] The third pin of the first resistor 401 is connected to the first pin of the first controller 402 via a voltage detection line and a fourth resistor 407. The fourth pin of the first resistor 401 is connected to the second pin of the first controller 402 via a voltage detection line and a fifth resistor 408.

[0078] The voltage detection line can detect multiple deviations, mainly including deviations in the precision resistor body, deviations between the precision resistor and the soldered components, and deviations caused by interference from the main power supply line's sense line. At least one voltage detection line is connected using a Kelvin routing method to separate the voltage drop detection line from the main power supply line corresponding to the first power source.

[0079] Kelvin routing technology physically separates the voltage drop detection lines from the main power supply lines, reducing electromagnetic coupling effects. For example, in the high electromagnetic interference environment of a server room, this design can significantly reduce the impact of noise on the measured voltage drop, ensuring the accuracy of the differential voltage drop. This technology directly improves the monitoring unit's ability to identify precision resistor deviations, providing a reliable data basis for subsequent dynamic adjustment of protection points, thereby avoiding misjudgments or protection failures caused by interference.

[0080] A constant current is injected into a precision resistor using an isolated current source. The actual resistance deviation is calculated using differential voltage drop detection (V1-V2), and the overcurrent protection point is dynamically adjusted based on this deviation. This transforms the static protection point into a dynamic adaptive mechanism, effectively eliminating current detection errors caused by precision resistor selection errors, welding process deviations, and sense line interference.

[0081] For example, when the precision resistor value is too high, the system increases the target voltage at the target pin to match the actual current detection value, avoiding false triggering of overcurrent protection. When the resistance value is too low, the system decreases the target voltage at the target pin to ensure timely triggering of protection. Under complex operating conditions (such as load fluctuations and temperature changes), the reliability and safety of the power supply line are significantly improved, reducing the risk of server power outages or hardware damage caused by current deviations.

[0082] The third pin of the first controller 402 is connected to the second terminal of the first MOSFET 405 and the second terminal of the second MOSFET 406, respectively. The third terminals of the first MOSFET 405 and the second MOSFET 406 are grounded. The fourth pin of the first controller 402 is connected to one end of the second resistor 403, and the other end of the second resistor 403 is connected to the other end of the third resistor 404. The target pin is connected to one end of the third resistor 404.

[0083] The power supply circuit 202 also includes a sixth resistor 409 and a seventh resistor 410. The sixth resistor 409 and the seventh resistor 410 are used for current limiting and voltage division.

[0084] The third pin of the first controller 402 is connected to the second terminal of the first MOSFET 405 through the sixth resistor 409. The third pin of the first controller 402 is connected to the second terminal of the second MOSFET 406 through the seventh resistor 410.

[0085] The power supply circuit 202 also includes a capacitor bank 411, which consists of four capacitors. The capacitor bank 411 is used to smooth the voltage and filter out noise.

[0086] The third terminal of the first MOSFET 405 and the third terminal of the second MOSFET 406 are grounded through capacitor bank 411.

[0087] The first controller 402 is used to control the first MOSFET 405 and the second MOSFET 406 to disconnect when the current supplied by the first power supply 301 of the monitoring circuit 201 to the first resistor 401 is greater than or equal to a preset current, so as to protect the load powered by the power supply circuit 202.

[0088] Optionally, an adaptive filtering algorithm can be introduced between the analog-to-digital converter 304 and the second controller 502 to dynamically identify and eliminate the influence of environmental noise (such as electromagnetic interference and power fluctuations) on the voltage drop signal of the first resistor 401. This algorithm automatically adjusts the filtering parameters (such as cutoff frequency and filtering order) by analyzing the signal characteristics of the first and second voltage drops in real time, retaining the effective signal related to the current deviation and suppressing random noise.

[0089] Adaptive filtering algorithms can significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of voltage drop signals and reduce misjudgments caused by environmental noise. For example, in scenarios with strong electromagnetic interference in server rooms, this algorithm can effectively distinguish between actual current deviations and noise interference, preventing the second controller from erroneously triggering overcurrent protection point adjustments due to noise, thereby improving monitoring accuracy and system stability.

[0090] The protection circuit provided in this application can be used in scenarios such as high-density servers, AI servers, and ultra-large-scale data centers. In these scenarios, the power supply lines of high-power components such as processors and controllers in the server need to withstand instantaneous large currents and frequent load fluctuations. The fixed protection points and static monitoring mechanisms of the relevant evacuation devices are difficult to cope with dynamic current deviations. For example, during AI training, the power consumption of the processor may change drastically within milliseconds, causing the accumulation of voltage drop measurement errors of precision resistors, thereby triggering false power outages or protection failures. This solution ensures that the power supply system maintains high reliability under complex load fluctuations, temperature changes, and electromagnetic interference through real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment.

[0091] The protection circuit provided in this application uses an isolated current source and differential voltage drop detection to accurately identify deviations in precision resistors and sense lines, avoiding false triggering or protection failures caused by soldering processes, interference, or resistor aging. Based on the deviation ratio, the voltage of the target pin is adjusted in real time to match the overcurrent protection point with the actual current detection value, effectively coping with dynamic environments such as load fluctuations and temperature changes, ensuring the accuracy of the protection function. The monitoring circuit is completely isolated from the main power supply line, without affecting the normal operation of the main power supply line. Kelvin routing technology is used to reduce signal interference and improve detection stability.

[0092] Based on any of the above embodiments, the following, in conjunction with Figure 6 An example of a protection circuit will be given. Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the protection circuit provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1,like Figure 6 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a protection circuit, which is described in detail below:

[0093] The protection circuit 200 includes a monitoring circuit 201, a power supply circuit 202, and a control circuit 203. The monitoring circuit 201 includes a first power supply, a second power supply U2, an amplifier U2, and an analog-to-digital converter U4. The first power supply is a DC / DC power module, and the second power supply is an integrated isolated current source.

[0094] The power supply circuit 202 includes a first resistor R1, a first controller U1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, a first MOSFET, a second MOSFET, a first capacitor C1, and a capacitor bank. The capacitor bank includes four capacitors, namely capacitors C2 to C4.

[0095] The first resistor R1 has 6 pins, namely pins 1 to 6. The first controller U6 has 5 pins, namely pin SENSE+, pin SENSE-, pin GATE, pin VCAP, and pin ISET.

[0096] The control circuit 203 includes a digital-to-analog converter U5 and a second controller U6.

[0097] It should be noted that the function and connection relationship of each component in the protection circuit 200 can be found in any of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0098] The protection circuit 200 can be installed in an electronic device, such as a server. When the electronic device starts up, the DC / DC power module receives an input power of P12V_INPUT and reduces the voltage to P5V to provide a stable operating voltage for the second power supply U2. The second power supply U2 injects a stable current Ix every 100µs. The second controller U6 controls the voltage detection line to continuously collect the voltage drop data of resistor R1 twice, namely the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop. The amplifier U2 amplifies the first and second voltage drops detected by the voltage detection line to a range recognizable by the analog-to-digital converter U4. The analog-to-digital converter U4 converts the first analog signal A1 corresponding to the first voltage drop into a first digital signal A1, and converts the first analog signal A2 corresponding to the second voltage drop into a first digital signal A2.

[0099] The second controller U6 acquires the first digital signal A1 and the first digital signal A2 via the bus. Based on the first voltage drop V1 corresponding to the first digital signal A1 and the second voltage drop V2 corresponding to the first digital signal A2, the second controller U6 determines the current deviation ratio and determines the target voltage as voltage B1 based on the current deviation ratio.

[0100] The second controller U6 determines the adjustment voltage to be voltage B2 based on voltage B1. The second controller U6 inputs the target digital signal corresponding to voltage B2 to the digital-to-analog converter U5. The digital-to-analog converter U5 converts the target digital signal corresponding to the adjustment voltage into a target analog signal and outputs the adjustment voltage B2 corresponding to the target analog signal. After the voltage at one end of the third resistor R3 becomes voltage B2, the voltage at the target pin connected to the other end of the third resistor R3 can become voltage B1.

[0101] The protection circuit provided in this application embodiment acquires the current deviation of the first resistor in the main power supply line in real time through a monitoring circuit. Specifically, this includes injecting a constant current into a precision resistor and detecting a first voltage drop and a second voltage drop, and calculating the current deviation based on the first and second voltage drops. Subsequently, the control module derives the target voltage and adjustment voltage based on the current deviation and transmits the adjustment value to the digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The DAC outputs the adjustment voltage to adjust the voltage division at the target pin, thereby dynamically correcting the overcurrent protection point. The entire process forms a closed-loop control, ensuring that the overcurrent protection point matches the actual current detection value of the main power supply line. The monitoring circuit and the control circuit interact through a second controller, and the output of the DAC directly affects the protection mechanism of the power supply circuit, realizing real-time compensation of the current deviation and dynamic optimization of the protection point.

[0102] Based on any of the above embodiments, the following, in conjunction with Figure 7 The overcurrent protection method corresponding to the protection circuit is explained. Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the overcurrent protection method provided in the embodiments of this application, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, embodiments of this application provide an overcurrent protection method applied to a second controller in the protection circuit shown in any of the above embodiments. The overcurrent protection method is described in detail below:

[0103] S701: In response to the output current of the second power supply, obtain the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop according to a preset processing cycle.

[0104] The execution entity in this application embodiment can be a second controller in an electronic device, or an overcurrent protection device installed in an electronic device. The overcurrent protection device can be implemented through software, or through a combination of software and hardware. The overcurrent protection device can be the second controller, or it can be installed within the second controller.

[0105] The first voltage drop is the voltage drop across the first resistor measured by the voltage detection line when both the first and second power supplies are operating simultaneously. The second voltage drop is the voltage drop across the first resistor measured by the voltage detection line when the first power supply is operating.

[0106] The preset processing cycle can be 100µs. The preset processing cycle can be set in advance and stored in the electronic device's preset storage space.

[0107] When the electronic device starts up, the first power supply provides a stable operating voltage to the second power supply. In this way, the second power supply can inject a stable current into the first resistor according to a preset processing cycle. At this time, the second controller controls the voltage detection line to perform two consecutive data acquisitions, obtaining the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop respectively. The interval between the two consecutive acquisitions can be a preset duration.

[0108] The preset duration can be 50µs. The preset duration can be set in advance and stored in the electronic device's preset storage space.

[0109] S702: Determine the target voltage based on the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop.

[0110] The target voltage can be determined based on the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop as follows: determine the target resistance value based on the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop; obtain the first current flowing through the first resistor from the second power supply; and determine the target voltage based on the first current and the target resistance value.

[0111] The voltage at the overcurrent protection point is directly proportional to the voltage at the target pin. This relationship can be determined using the following formula:

[0112]

[0113] in, This is the current corresponding to the overcurrent protection point; The voltage at the target pin; This is the resistance value of the first resistor.

[0114] According to Formula 1, the voltage of the target pin can be adjusted according to the multiple of the current deviation, so as to obtain the corresponding target voltage when the current deviation changes.

[0115] The adjustment current corresponding to the overcurrent protection point can be determined using the following formula 2:

[0116]

[0117] in, This refers to the adjustment current corresponding to the overcurrent protection point. This represents the current deviation obtained from two consecutive measurements of the first resistor. Explanations of other parameters are provided above.

[0118] For example, suppose the first current 100μA It is 0.51V. If it is 0.50V, then according to It can be confirmed The value is 100Ω. If the nominal value of the first resistor is 100Ω, then the deviation is 0%.

[0119] The deviation ratio of the first resistor obtained according to Formula 2 This is used for subsequent overcurrent protection point adjustments.

[0120] Based on Formulas 1 and 2, the target voltage can be determined as shown in Formula 3 below:

[0121]

[0122] in, The target voltage; This is the target resistance value. See above for explanations of other parameters.

[0123] because The target voltage can be determined based on the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop, and can be specifically represented by the following formula 4:

[0124]

[0125] The parameters are explained above.

[0126] The first current is the stable current injected by the second power source into the first resistor.

[0127] Optionally, the first resistance may also change due to temperature. The second controller acquires the ambient temperature corresponding to the first resistance; determines the adjustment coefficient corresponding to the ambient temperature; and determines the target resistance value based on the adjustment coefficient, the first voltage drop, and the second voltage drop.

[0128] A temperature sensor is integrated into the monitoring circuit to monitor the temperature changes of the first resistor and its surrounding environment in real time. The second controller dynamically adjusts the first current based on the temperature data and corrects the voltage drop calculation formula by incorporating a temperature coefficient (such as the temperature drift characteristics of a precision resistor). .

[0129] The specific formula for calculating the corrected pressure drop is shown in Formula 5 below:

[0130]

[0131] in, This represents the change in resistance caused by temperature. See above for explanations of other parameters.

[0132] It can be determined based on the adjustment coefficient. Based on Formula 5, the change in target resistance caused by temperature can be adjusted.

[0133] The temperature sensor can communicate with the second controller via a bus.

[0134] A temperature compensation mechanism can eliminate the impact of temperature fluctuations on the resistance value of precision resistors, avoiding misjudgments caused by temperature changes. For example, in high-temperature environments, the resistance value of a precision resistor may shift due to thermal expansion. Dynamic calibration can correct this deviation in real time, ensuring the accuracy of overcurrent protection points and extending the service life of the power supply circuit.

[0135] S703: Adjusts the voltage of the target pin of the first controller to the target voltage via a digital-to-analog converter.

[0136] The target pin is used for overcurrent protection.

[0137] The voltage of the target pin of the first controller can be adjusted to the target voltage via a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in the following manner: determine the adjustment voltage of the DAC based on the target voltage; send the target digital signal corresponding to the adjustment voltage to the DAC, so that the DAC determines the adjustment voltage based on the target digital signal and adjusts the voltage of the target pin to the target voltage.

[0138] The digital-to-analog converter determines the target analog signal corresponding to the adjustment voltage based on the target digital signal, and outputs the adjustment voltage through the target analog signal. In this way, the third resistor can adjust the voltage of the connected target pin to the target voltage based on the adjustment voltage.

[0139] The adjustment voltage of the digital-to-analog converter can be determined based on the target voltage as follows: obtain the resistance values ​​of the second and third resistors; determine the intermediate resistance value based on the resistance values ​​of the second and third resistors; and determine the adjustment voltage based on the intermediate resistance value and the target voltage.

[0140] The adjustment voltage can be determined based on the intermediate resistance and the target voltage as follows: the ratio of the target voltage to the intermediate resistance is determined as the candidate voltage; the fourth voltage corresponding to the fourth pin of the first controller is obtained; and the adjustment voltage is determined based on the fourth voltage and the candidate voltage.

[0141] The adjustment voltage can be determined using the following formula 6:

[0142]

[0143] in, To adjust the voltage; This is the fourth voltage; This is the intermediate resistance value; This is the voltage to be selected. See above for explanations of other parameters.

[0144] The intermediate resistance value can be determined based on the resistance values ​​of the second and third resistors as follows: the sum of the resistance values ​​of the second and third resistors is determined as the first resistance value; the ratio of the resistance value of the third resistor to the first resistance value is determined as the intermediate resistance value.

[0145] The intermediate resistance value can be determined using the following formula 7:

[0146]

[0147] in, This is the resistance value of the second resistor; This is the resistance value of the third resistor. See above for explanations of other parameters.

[0148] For example, if the original voltage of the target pin is 1V (corresponding to overcurrent protection point I=20A) and the deviation ratio is 1.05, then according to Formula 4 above, the adjusted target voltage can be 1.05V. The second controller can determine the adjustment voltage according to Formula 6 above and input the adjustment voltage through the digital-to-analog converter. The third resistor can adjust the voltage of the connected target pin to 1.05V according to the adjustment voltage.

[0149] In this embodiment, the overcurrent protection point is dynamically adjusted according to the current deviation to ensure the accuracy of the protection function.

[0150] After adjusting the voltage of the target pin, the second controller can also generate a prompt message indicating that the target voltage has been adjusted according to the adjusted voltage; the prompt message can be displayed on an electronic device or sent to a preset device.

[0151] The default device can be the terminal device used by the user. For example, the default device can be the user's computer, mobile phone, etc.

[0152] Users can pre-set the address of a preset device and store it in the preset storage space of the electronic device. After the second controller of the electronic device generates a prompt message, it can send the prompt message to the preset device based on the preset device address.

[0153] In this embodiment, adjustments can be notified to the user via prompts, thus improving the user experience.

[0154] Optionally, a lightweight machine learning model (such as a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network) can be embedded in the second controller to predict potential future current anomalies using historical current fluctuation data (such as processor load change trends in electronic devices). Based on the prediction results, the voltage of the target pin can be adjusted in advance to match the expected current peak, rather than relying solely on real-time deviation detection.

[0155] Predictive adjustments can proactively optimize protection points before current anomalies occur, reducing protection failures caused by delayed responses. For example, before an AI training task starts, the system can predict a surge in processor power consumption and raise the overcurrent protection point in advance to avoid accidental power outages triggered by instantaneous high currents, thus improving the proactive protection capabilities of the power supply system.

[0156] The overcurrent protection method provided in this application adjusts the voltage of the target pin in real time based on the deviation ratio, so that the overcurrent protection point matches the actual current detection value. This effectively copes with dynamic environments such as load fluctuations and temperature changes, ensuring the accuracy of the protection function. The entire monitoring and adjustment process is completed within a preset processing cycle, meeting the stringent real-time requirements of high-density servers for the power supply system and reducing the risk of hardware damage due to protection delays.

[0157] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method.

[0158] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overcurrent protection device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown, embodiments of this application also provide an overcurrent protection device, the overcurrent protection device 800 comprising:

[0159] The acquisition module 801 is used to acquire the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop according to a preset processing cycle in response to the output current of the second power supply.

[0160] The determination module 802 is used to determine the target voltage based on the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop;

[0161] Processing module 803 is used to adjust the voltage of the target pin of the first controller to the target voltage via a digital-to-analog converter;

[0162] The first voltage drop is the voltage drop across the first resistor obtained through the voltage detection line when the first power supply and the second power supply are powered simultaneously. The second voltage drop is the voltage drop across the first resistor obtained through the voltage detection line when the first power supply is powered. The target pin is used for overcurrent protection.

[0163] In one possible implementation, the processing module 803 is specifically used for:

[0164] Determine the adjustment voltage of the digital-to-analog converter based on the target voltage;

[0165] Send the target digital signal corresponding to the adjustment voltage to the digital-to-analog converter so that the digital-to-analog converter can determine the adjustment voltage according to the target digital signal and adjust the voltage of the target pin to the target voltage.

[0166] In one possible implementation, the processing module 803 is specifically used for:

[0167] Obtain the resistance values ​​of the second and third resistors;

[0168] Determine the intermediate resistance value based on the resistance values ​​of the second and third resistors;

[0169] Determine the adjustment voltage based on the intermediate resistance and the target voltage.

[0170] In one possible implementation, the processing module 803 is specifically used for:

[0171] The ratio of the target voltage to the intermediate resistance value is used to determine the candidate voltage;

[0172] Obtain the fourth voltage corresponding to the fourth pin of the first controller;

[0173] The adjustment voltage is determined based on the fourth voltage and the selected voltage.

[0174] In one possible implementation, the processing module 803 is specifically used for:

[0175] The sum of the resistance values ​​of the second resistor and the third resistor is determined as the first resistance value;

[0176] The ratio of the resistance of the third resistor to the resistance of the first resistor is determined as the intermediate resistance value.

[0177] In one possible implementation, the determining module 802 is specifically used for:

[0178] The target resistance value is determined based on the first and second voltage drops;

[0179] Obtain the first current flowing through the first resistor from the second power source;

[0180] Determine the target voltage based on the first current and the target resistance.

[0181] In one possible implementation, the processing module 803 is further configured to:

[0182] Obtain the ambient temperature corresponding to the first resistor;

[0183] Determine the adjustment factor corresponding to the ambient temperature;

[0184] The target resistance value is determined based on the adjustment factor, the first voltage drop, and the second voltage drop.

[0185] In one possible implementation, the processing module 803 is further configured to:

[0186] Generate a prompt message indicating that the target voltage has been adjusted according to the adjusted voltage.

[0187] The prompt message can be displayed on an electronic device, or sent to a preset device.

[0188] This application also provides an electronic device that includes the protection circuit provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0189] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the application can be directly manifested as being executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0190] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps in any of the above-described XX method embodiments when it is run.

[0191] In one exemplary embodiment, the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0192] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in any of the above-described overcurrent protection method embodiments.

[0193] Embodiments of this application also provide another computer program product, including a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in any of the above-described overcurrent protection method embodiments.

[0194] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0195] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of a protection circuit, electronic device, and overcurrent protection method provided in this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only intended to aid in understanding the method and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A protection circuit, characterized in that, include: The monitoring circuit, power supply circuit, and control circuit are provided, wherein the first output terminal of the first power supply in the monitoring circuit is connected to the fifth pin of the first resistor in the power supply circuit, the first output terminal of the second power supply is connected to the first pin of the first resistor, and the second output terminal of the second power supply is connected to the second pin of the first resistor. The output terminal of the digital-to-analog converter in the control circuit is connected to the target pin of the first controller in the power supply circuit. The monitoring circuit is used to provide main current to the power supply circuit through the first power supply and to provide stable current to the first resistor through the second power supply according to a preset processing cycle, so as to monitor the current deviation generated by the first resistor. The control circuit is used to adjust the voltage of the target pin according to the current deviation of the first resistor. The target pin is used for overcurrent protection.

2. The protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring circuit also includes an amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter, wherein... The amplifier is used to amplify the voltage detected by the voltage detection line to the target range corresponding to the analog-to-digital converter, and the voltage detection line is used to detect the voltage drop across the first resistor; The analog-to-digital converter is used to convert the first analog signal corresponding to the voltage drop detected by the voltage detection line into a first digital signal.

3. The protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first output terminal of the first power supply is connected to the input terminal of the second power supply; The first output terminal of the second power supply is connected to the first pin of the first resistor, and the second output terminal of the second power supply is connected to the second pin of the first resistor. The first input terminal of the amplifier is connected to the third pin of the first resistor, and the second input terminal of the amplifier is connected to the fourth pin of the first resistor. The output of the amplifier is connected to the input of the analog-to-digital converter.

4. The protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The second power supply is an isolated power supply.

5. The protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The digital-to-analog converter is used to convert the target digital signal corresponding to the adjustment voltage into a target analog signal, and to adjust the voltage of the target pin to the target voltage through the target analog signal; The input terminal of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the output terminal of the second controller in the control circuit, and the output terminal of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the other end of the third resistor.

6. The protection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second controller is used to acquire a first digital signal via a bus, and determine the target voltage and the adjustment voltage of the digital-to-analog converter based on the voltage corresponding to the first digital signal.

7. The protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply circuit also includes a second resistor, a third resistor, a first metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), and a second MOSFET.

8. The protection circuit according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The first resistor is a precision resistor; The third pin of the first resistor is connected to the first pin of the first controller via a voltage detection line, and the fourth pin of the first resistor is connected to the second pin of the first controller via the voltage detection line. The fifth pin of the first resistor is connected to the first output terminal of the first power supply, and the sixth pin of the first resistor is connected to the first terminal of the first MOSFET and the first terminal of the second MOSFET, respectively.

9. The protection circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least one voltage detection line is connected in a Kelvin routing manner to separate the voltage drop detection line from the main power supply line corresponding to the first power source.

10. The protection circuit according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The third pin of the first controller is connected to the second terminal of the first MOSFET and the second terminal of the second MOSFET, respectively; The third terminal of the first MOSFET and the third terminal of the second MOSFET are grounded; The fourth pin of the first controller is connected to one end of the second resistor, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to one end of the third resistor; The target pin is connected to the other end of the third resistor.

11. The protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first controller is used to control the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET to disconnect when the current supplied by the first power supply of the monitoring circuit to the first resistor is greater than or equal to a preset current, so as to protect the load powered by the power supply circuit.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the protection circuit described in claim 1 above.

13. An overcurrent protection method, characterized in that, The method, applied to a second controller in a protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1-11, comprises: In response to the output current of the second power supply, the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop are obtained according to a preset processing cycle; The target voltage is determined based on the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop; The voltage of the target pin of the first controller is adjusted to the target voltage using a digital-to-analog converter; Wherein, the first voltage drop is the voltage drop across the first resistor obtained by the voltage detection line when the first power supply and the second power supply are powered simultaneously, the second voltage drop is the voltage drop across the first resistor obtained by the voltage detection line when the first power supply is powered, and the target pin is used for overcurrent protection.

14. The overcurrent protection method according to claim 13, characterized in that, Adjusting the voltage of the target pin of the first controller to the target voltage via the digital-to-analog converter includes: Based on the target voltage, determine the adjustment voltage of the digital-to-analog converter; The target digital signal corresponding to the adjustment voltage is sent to the digital-to-analog converter so that the digital-to-analog converter determines the adjustment voltage based on the target digital signal and adjusts the voltage of the target pin to the target voltage using the adjustment voltage.

15. The overcurrent protection method according to claim 14, characterized in that, Determining the adjustment voltage of the digital-to-analog converter based on the target voltage includes: Obtain the resistance values ​​of the second and third resistors; Determine the intermediate resistance value based on the resistance values ​​of the second resistor and the third resistor; The adjustment voltage is determined based on the intermediate resistance value and the target voltage.

16. The overcurrent protection method according to claim 15, characterized in that, Determining the adjustment voltage based on the intermediate resistance value and the target voltage includes: The ratio of the target voltage to the intermediate resistance value is determined as the candidate voltage; Obtain the fourth voltage corresponding to the fourth pin of the first controller; The adjustment voltage is determined based on the fourth voltage and the candidate voltage.

17. The overcurrent protection method according to claim 15, characterized in that, Determine the intermediate resistance value based on the resistance values ​​of the second resistor and the third resistor, including: The sum of the resistance values ​​of the second resistor and the third resistor is determined as the first resistance value; The ratio of the resistance value of the third resistor to the resistance value of the first resistor is determined as the intermediate resistance value.

18. The overcurrent protection method according to any one of claims 13-17, characterized in that, Determining the target voltage based on the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop includes: The target resistance value is determined based on the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop; Obtain the first current flowing through the first resistor from the second power source; The target voltage is determined based on the first current and the target resistance value.

19. The overcurrent protection method according to any one of claims 13-17, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the ambient temperature corresponding to the first resistor; Determine the adjustment coefficient corresponding to the ambient temperature; The target resistance value is determined based on the adjustment coefficient, the first voltage drop, and the second voltage drop.

20. The overcurrent protection method according to any one of claims 13-17, characterized in that, The method further includes: A prompt message is generated, indicating that the target voltage has been adjusted according to the adjustment voltage; The prompt message can be displayed on an electronic device or sent to a preset device.

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