Intelligent plug-in communication system and method for ship replaceable container battery

Abstract

The application discloses a ship replaceable container type battery intelligent plug-in communication system and method, relates to the technical field of ship electrification, and when the battery cabin is connected to the ship power supply bus socket, the system issues a handshake signal, automatically identifies the identity message of the battery cabin and the ship working condition of the ship communication main control system, then collects the attitude operation data of the ship according to the sensor, and carries out normalization processing after integrity verification and parameter rationality verification. The sailing disturbance prediction index Dna is constructed to evaluate the environmental disturbance, the dynamic power demand correction amount Pad is constructed when the sea state environmental disturbance is unstable, and the cabin coupling distribution index Pba is constructed by combining the battery cabin state data group to evaluate the battery cabin balance. According to the evaluation results, disturbance sensitive information, correction qualified information and power suppression information are generated and transmitted to the ship control system to execute corresponding power distribution and operation adjustment, so that the dynamic optimization and stable operation of ship power distribution under complex sea conditions are realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ship electrification, in particular to an intelligent plug-in communication system and method for a replaceable container battery of a ship. BACKGROUND

[0002] The energy supply mode of a ship is gradually transitioning to electrification, and replaceable container batteries are gradually being applied to large ship operations. Such battery compartments can achieve rapid replacement and parallel connection, meeting the demand for electrical energy for long-distance navigation of a ship. In the actual access process, not only physical plugging needs to be completed, but also communication interaction with the ship information network needs to be implemented to ensure that the battery state and ship operating conditions can be synchronized to be identified. As the operating scenario becomes more complex, the system must take into account the dynamic relationship between external environmental factors and ship power demand, so that energy transfer between the battery and the ship can remain stable under different sea conditions.

[0003] Existing ship battery management modes mostly rely on fixed power distribution logic or single threshold judgment, lacking the ability to quantify complex environmental disturbances. When external disturbance factors such as wind and waves, and roll frequently change, the system often cannot effectively map environmental parameters and power demand, resulting in delayed or unbalanced energy distribution. At the same time, the differences in state of charge and temperature conditions of different battery compartments are not fully considered, and problems such as individual compartment overload or uneven energy scheduling may occur in high-load operation, thereby reducing the reliability and safety of overall operation. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides an intelligent plug-in communication system and method for a replaceable container battery of a ship, which solves the problems in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application is implemented by the following technical scheme: an intelligent plug-in communication system for a replaceable container battery of a ship, comprising a ship monitoring module, a verification processing module, a working condition prediction module, a compartment coupling and distribution module, and a feedback control module;

[0006] The ship monitoring module is used to issue a handshake signal when the battery compartment is connected to the ship electrical energy bus socket, automatically identify the identity message of the battery compartment and the ship working condition of the ship communication master control system, and then collect the attitude operation data of the ship according to the sensor;

[0007] The verification processing module is used to perform message integrity verification and parameter rationality verification, and when all the verifications are passed, the identity message, the ship working condition and the attitude operation data are normalized to obtain an environmental attitude data group, an energy consumption working condition data group and a battery compartment state data group;

[0008] The working condition prediction module is used for performing ship running disturbance analysis according to the environmental attitude data set, and generating an environmental disturbance evaluation, and performing power correction analysis according to the evaluation result;

[0009] The working condition prediction module comprises a navigation prediction unit and a disturbance evaluation unit;

[0010] The navigation prediction unit performs synthetic operation on the longitudinal wave acceleration and the change rate of the hull roll angle based on the environmental attitude data set, and constructs a navigation disturbance prediction index Dna;

[0011] The cabin coupling distribution module is used for performing power correction on the ship under disturbance environment according to the energy consumption working condition data set and the ship running disturbance analysis result when the sea state environmental disturbance is unstable, performing distribution balancing analysis combined with the battery cabin state data set after the power correction, and generating a battery cabin balancing evaluation;

[0012] The feedback control module is used for generating corresponding control instructions according to the evaluation information.

[0013] Preferably, the ship monitoring module comprises a plug-in communication establishment unit and a running monitoring unit;

[0014] The plug-in communication establishment unit is used for physically plugging the direct current interface of the container type battery cabin with the ship power supply bus socket, and at the same time, the data communication port of the container type battery cabin is connected with the ship communication bus. After the plugging is completed, the intelligent plug-in communication system automatically issues a handshake signal to the ship communication main control system and the container type battery cabin, and returns an identity message to the intelligent plug-in communication system through the battery cabin, and returns the ship working condition to the intelligent plug-in communication system through the ship communication main control system;

[0015] The identity message comprises the battery cabin number, the battery cabin terminal voltage dy, the battery cabin state of charge SOC and the battery cabin temperature Tb;

[0016] The ship working condition comprises the actual demand power Pr of the ship and the torque fluctuation mf of the propulsion motor;

[0017] The running monitoring unit is used for collecting the attitude running data of the ship in real time according to the sensors installed at each position of the ship;

[0018] The sensors comprise acceleration sensors, wind vanes, track recorders and attitude sensors;

[0019] The acceleration sensor is used for being installed at the bottom of the ship body to collect the longitudinal wave acceleration aw in real time;

[0020] The wind vane is used for obtaining the wind wave direction, and the track recorder is used for obtaining the heading, and the included angle jw between the wind wave direction and the heading is obtained by subtraction;

[0021] Attitude sensors are installed near the longitudinal axis of the ship to monitor the ship's roll angle (sr) in real time.

[0022] Preferably, the verification processing module includes a communication verification unit and a processing integration unit;

[0023] The communication verification unit is used to verify the integrity of the identity message and the rationality of the parameters of the ship's operating conditions. When all verifications pass, the intelligent plug-in communication system sends a confirmation command to the ship's main communication control system to confirm the successful plug-in establishment and triggers the processing and integration unit.

[0024] The message integrity check identifies packet loss, error codes, and data bit flipping during message transmission by comparing cyclic redundancy check codes. It automatically retransmits the handshake request after the message integrity check fails, and after three failures, it determines that the connection is invalid and notifies personnel to carry out maintenance.

[0025] The parameter rationality verification is performed by comparing the returned identity message and ship operating conditions with the stored corresponding allowable rated range through the intelligent plug-in communication system, and automatically judging the rationality of the parameters.

[0026] The processing and integration unit is used to transmit attitude operation data to the intelligent plug-in communication system according to the plug-in communication link. After the intelligent plug-in communication system normalizes the identity message, ship operating condition and attitude operation data, it sorts and obtains environmental attitude data group, energy consumption operating condition data group and battery compartment status data group.

[0027] The normalization process removes the dimensional effects of identity messages, ship operating conditions, and attitude operation data through the Max-Min method.

[0028] The environmental attitude data set includes longitudinal wave acceleration aw, the angle between wind and wave direction and heading jw, and the ship's heel angle sr;

[0029] The energy consumption data set includes the ship's actual power demand Pr, battery compartment terminal voltage dy, and propulsion motor torque fluctuation mf.

[0030] The battery compartment status data set includes the battery compartment state of charge (SOC) and battery compartment temperature (Tb).

[0031] Preferably, the disturbance assessment unit is used to collect all historical navigation disturbance prediction indices (Dna) of ships, and calculate the 50th percentile value as the sea state disturbance stability threshold (Tw) and the 90th percentile value as the sea state disturbance sensitivity threshold (Ts) using the percentile method. Then, it is used to conduct an environmental disturbance assessment with the real-time acquired navigation disturbance prediction index (Dna). The specific assessment scheme is as follows.

[0032] When the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna is less than the sea state disturbance stability threshold Tw, it indicates that the sea state environment disturbance is stable. At this time, the normal task allocation is maintained and no correction is made.

[0033] When the sea state disturbance stability threshold Tw ≤ navigation disturbance prediction index Dna < sea state disturbance sensitivity threshold Ts, it means that the sea state environment disturbance has no impact on ship navigation, and disturbance sensitivity information is generated at this time.

[0034] When the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna is greater than or equal to the sea state disturbance sensitivity threshold Ts, it indicates that the sea state environment is unstable, and power correction analysis is performed at this time.

[0035] Preferably, the cabin coupling distribution module includes a power correction unit and a comprehensive distribution unit;

[0036] The power correction unit is used to correct the power of the ship under disturbance conditions based on the energy consumption data set and the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna when the environmental disturbance is assessed as unstable sea state. It also constructs a dynamic power demand correction amount Pad, which is used to analyze the power correction amount under sea state disturbance conditions based on the actual power demand of the ship.

[0037] Preferably, the integrated allocation unit includes a coupled allocation unit and a balanced evaluation unit;

[0038] The coupling distribution unit is used to perform a distribution balance analysis on the corrected battery compartment based on the battery compartment status data group and the dynamic power demand correction amount Pad, and to construct the compartment coupling distribution index Pba, which represents the total power distributed among the battery compartments after correction. After combining the battery compartment's charge status and temperature, the power output of the high-temperature compartment is suppressed by using an exponential decay method to ensure the balance of energy and heat load.

[0039] Preferably, the equilibrium assessment unit is used to collect the time series of the battery compartment coupling distribution index Pba of each battery compartment, calculate the standard deviation of the battery compartment coupling distribution index Pba at each time step using statistical methods, and calculate the 90th percentile value of the standard deviation using the percentile method as the preset battery compartment load equilibrium threshold Te, and then perform battery compartment equilibrium assessment with the real-time acquired battery compartment coupling distribution index Pba. The specific assessment scheme is as follows.

[0040] When the hull coupling distribution index Pba < hull load balancing threshold Te, it indicates that the corrected battery compartment power operation is balanced and the ship is operating normally. At this time, the correction qualification information is generated.

[0041] When the cabin coupling distribution index Pba is greater than or equal to the cabin load balancing threshold Te, it indicates that the correction is not qualified, and power suppression information is generated at this time.

[0042] Preferably, the feedback control module is used to transmit the assessment information generated by the environmental disturbance assessment and the battery compartment balance assessment to the ship control system through the intelligent plug-in communication system, and to generate corresponding control commands through the ship control system, as follows;

[0043] Disturbance-sensitive information: Increase monitoring frequency by 30%. If the frequency continues to rise within 5 minutes, it will be corrected to unstable sea state environment.

[0044] Correct qualified information: Maintain the corrected battery compartment power operation and increase the monitoring frequency by 50%. If the power continues to rise within 5 minutes, immediately generate power suppression information.

[0045] Power suppression information: Reduce the allocated power of abnormal compartments by 50%, and at the same time send a shift command to the ship control system to reduce the ship's power output by 20%, and perform iterative analysis through the compartment coupling allocation module.

[0046] A smart plug-in communication method for swappable containerized batteries for ships includes the following steps:

[0047] S1. When the battery compartment is connected to the ship's power bus socket, a handshake signal is sent to automatically identify the battery compartment's identity message and the ship's operating status of the ship's main communication control system, and then the ship's attitude operation data is collected based on the sensors.

[0048] S2. Perform message integrity verification and parameter rationality verification, and when all pass, normalize the identity message, ship operating condition and attitude operation data to obtain environmental attitude data group, energy consumption operating condition data group and battery compartment status data group.

[0049] S3. Based on the environmental attitude data set, the longitudinal wave acceleration and the rate of change of the ship's heel angle are synthesized and calculated to construct the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna, and an environmental disturbance assessment is generated. Based on the assessment results, a power correction analysis is performed.

[0050] S4. When the sea environment is unstable, the power of the ship under the disturbance environment is corrected based on the energy consumption data set and the ship operation disturbance analysis results. After the power correction, the distribution balance analysis is carried out in combination with the battery compartment status data set, and a battery compartment balance assessment is generated.

[0051] S5. Generate corresponding control instructions based on the assessment information.

[0052] This invention provides an intelligent plug-in communication system and method for swappable containerized batteries used in ships. It offers the following advantages:

[0053] (1) The ship monitoring module of this system completes the physical connection between the battery compartment and the ship's power bus and communication bus through the plug-in communication establishment unit, and sends and receives handshake signals to ensure the automation and standardization of the plug-in action. At the same time, the interaction between the identity message and the ship's operating status enables the system to have a complete understanding of the basic status of the accessed battery compartment and the ship's operating conditions. The verification processing module realizes message integrity verification and parameter rationality verification through the communication verification unit, avoiding erroneous access caused by data packet loss, non-reversal or out-of-limit parameters; through the processing and integration unit, it collects and normalizes the environmental attitude data group, energy consumption data group and battery compartment status data group, eliminates the difference in dimensions, and provides standardized input data for subsequent prediction and allocation. The direct effect of this step is that the plug-in action is safe, the data input is unified and reliable, and the manual intervention and potential misjudgment are reduced.

[0054] (2) The system's operating condition prediction module constructs a navigation disturbance prediction index (Dna) based on environmental attitude data using the navigation prediction unit. It combines the longitudinal wave acceleration (aw) with the rate of change of heel angle and amplifies the effect of the wind and wave angle (jw) with the route, thereby quantifying the ship's instability under external sea conditions. It also sets a sea state disturbance stability threshold (Tw) and a sea state disturbance sensitivity threshold (Ts) using the percentile method to classify and evaluate the navigation disturbance prediction index (Dna), distinguishing between stable, sensitive, and unstable sea state states. If the assessment is unstable, the power correction unit in the hull coupling distribution module calculates a dynamic power correction (Pad) based on the energy consumption operating condition data and the navigation disturbance prediction index (Dna). Subsequently, combined with the battery compartment status data, it uses an exponential decay method to suppress high-temperature hull output, constructs a hull coupling distribution index (Pba), and performs a battery compartment balance assessment with the hull load balancing threshold (Te) to achieve a balanced distribution of power and heat load. This ensures stable power supply under wind and wave impacts and complex disturbances, avoids battery compartment overload and overheating, and improves the system's adaptive control capability.

[0055] (3) The system's feedback control module can generate corresponding control commands based on three types of evaluation results: disturbance-sensitive information, correction-qualified information, and power suppression information. Under disturbance-sensitive conditions, the system automatically increases the monitoring frequency by 30% to quickly identify potential deterioration trends; under correction-qualified conditions, it maintains operation and increases the monitoring frequency by 50% to ensure continuous stability; under power suppression conditions, it reduces the power allocation of abnormal compartments by 50% and simultaneously issues a command to reduce the ship's power output by 20% to prevent risk propagation, and continues iterative analysis through the compartment coupling allocation module. This real-time dynamic control method enables the system not only to detect problems but also to intervene and correct them in real time, ensuring the robustness and continuity of the ship's electrical operation. The ship can still maintain power balance and coordination of energy consumption and heat load among battery compartments under complex sea conditions, improving the overall safety, energy efficiency, and reliability of the ship's operation, and laying a technical foundation for the large-scale application of ship battery swapping systems. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent plug-in communication system for the ship-mounted swappable containerized battery of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of the intelligent plug-in communication method for the ship-mounted swappable container battery of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 This invention provides an intelligent plug-in communication system for swappable containerized batteries for ships. To achieve the above objectives, this invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: including a ship monitoring module, a verification and processing module, an operating condition prediction module, a hull coupling and distribution module, and a feedback control module.

[0060] The ship monitoring module is used to send a handshake signal when the battery compartment is connected to the ship's power bus socket, automatically identify the identity message of the battery compartment and the ship's operating status of the ship's communication main control system, and then collect the ship's attitude operation data based on the sensors.

[0061] The verification processing module is used to perform message integrity verification and parameter rationality verification, and when all pass, it normalizes the identity message, ship operating condition and attitude operation data to obtain environmental attitude data group, energy consumption operating condition data group and battery compartment status data group.

[0062] The operating condition prediction module is used to perform ship operation disturbance analysis based on the environmental attitude data set, generate an environmental disturbance assessment, and perform power correction analysis based on the assessment results.

[0063] The operating condition prediction module includes a navigation prediction unit and a disturbance assessment unit;

[0064] The navigation prediction unit performs a composite calculation on the longitudinal wave acceleration and the rate of change of the ship's heel angle based on the environmental attitude data set, and constructs the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna.

[0065] The hull coupling distribution module is used to perform power correction on the ship under disturbance conditions based on the energy consumption data set and the ship operation disturbance analysis results when the sea state environment is unstable. After power correction, it performs distribution balance analysis in conjunction with the battery compartment status data set and generates a battery compartment balance assessment.

[0066] The feedback control module is used to generate corresponding control instructions based on the evaluation information.

[0067] In this embodiment, the ship monitoring module implements automatic handshake and identity recognition upon battery compartment access, and combines sensor data to collect ship attitude data, ensuring real-time and comprehensive data acquisition. The verification processing module performs integrity and rationality checks on received messages and operating condition information, avoiding risks caused by abnormal access and erroneous data, and normalizes data from different dimensions to obtain environmental attitude data sets, energy consumption operating condition data sets, and battery compartment status data sets. This completes the core tasks of battery compartment access, information verification, and data standardization, laying the foundation for subsequent disturbance prediction and power regulation, and achieving safe and unified communication and operational monitoring between the battery compartment and the ship. The operating condition prediction module constructs a disturbance prediction and assessment mechanism through comprehensive analysis of the environmental attitude data sets, capable of distinguishing between stable, sensitive, and unstable sea state states. The compartment coupling and allocation module further performs power correction during unstable disturbances, combining battery compartment temperature and state of charge to achieve balanced allocation, avoiding overheating, overload, and voltage imbalance problems in certain compartments. This improvement overcomes the limitations of existing systems that rely solely on simple allocation based on electrical parameters, enabling the system to maintain stable and balanced energy supply even under external environmental fluctuations and dynamic ship responses. The closed-loop control of the feedback regulation module can translate disturbance-sensitive information, correction compliance information, and power suppression information into specific control commands in real time, increasing monitoring frequency, suppressing abnormal hull output, or adjusting ship power output, thereby achieving dynamic intervention and continuous optimization. Compared to current technologies, this system not only enhances the intelligence of battery compartment access and allocation but also strengthens the ship's operational stability and energy efficiency management capabilities in complex sea conditions. The ship's battery system achieves safe access while possessing adaptive control capabilities, resulting in more stable operation, more rational energy consumption allocation, and improved overall risk resistance and energy utilization efficiency.

[0068] Example 2, please refer to Figure 1 Specifically:

[0069] The ship monitoring module includes a plug-in communication establishment unit and an operation monitoring unit;

[0070] The plug-in communication establishment unit is used to physically plug the DC interface of the containerized battery compartment into the ship's power bus socket. At the same time, the data communication port of the containerized battery compartment is connected to the ship's communication bus. After the plug-in is completed, the intelligent plug-in communication system automatically sends a handshake signal to the ship's main communication control system and the containerized battery compartment, and returns an identity message to the intelligent plug-in communication system through the battery compartment, and returns the ship's operating status to the intelligent plug-in communication system through the ship's main communication control system.

[0071] The identity message includes the battery compartment number, battery compartment terminal voltage dy, battery compartment state of charge (SOC), and battery compartment temperature (Tb).

[0072] The ship's operating conditions include the ship's actual power demand Pr and the propulsion motor torque fluctuation mf.

[0073] The operation monitoring unit is used to collect the ship's attitude and operation data in real time based on sensors installed at various locations on the ship.

[0074] The sensors include an accelerometer, a wind vane, a tracker, and an attitude sensor;

[0075] Accelerometers are installed on the bottom of the hull to collect longitudinal wave acceleration aw in real time, which represents the forward and backward acceleration of the hull caused by the periodic impact of waves.

[0076] The wind vane is used to obtain the wind and wave direction, the track instrument is used to obtain the heading, and the difference is used to obtain the angle jw between the wind and wave direction and the heading, which represents the angle between the external wind and wave direction and the ship's direction of travel.

[0077] Attitude sensors are installed near the longitudinal axis of a ship to monitor the ship's roll angle sr in real time, which represents the change in the angle of the ship's pitch.

[0078] In this embodiment, the ship monitoring module physically connects to the ship's power bus socket via the DC interface of the battery compartment, and interfaces with the ship's communication bus via the data communication port. The system automatically sends handshake signals and receives identity messages from the containerized battery compartment and operating status information from the ship's main communication control system, thus completing access identification and information synchronization without manual intervention. Simultaneously, relying on accelerometers installed at the bottom of the hull, attitude sensors at the longitudinal axis, and wind vanes and trackers, real-time acquisition of longitudinal wave acceleration (aw), the angle between wind / wave direction and heading (jw), and the ship's heel angle (sr) is achieved, thus obtaining comprehensive ship attitude and operational data. Through the application of this module, the system can comprehensively grasp the battery compartment terminal voltage (dy), battery compartment state of charge (SOC), battery compartment temperature (Tb), actual ship power demand (Pr), and propulsion motor torque fluctuation (mf) during the access phase, and perform operational monitoring in conjunction with ship attitude characteristics. Its purpose is to ensure the immediacy of battery compartment access and the accuracy of data transmission, avoiding safety hazards caused by unclear parameters or identification delays; it realizes unified management of battery compartment and ship operation information, improves the automation level of plug-in communication and the real-time nature of ship condition perception, and enhances the ship's operational stability and energy regulation accuracy in complex navigation environments.

[0079] Example 3, please refer to Figure 1 Specifically:

[0080] The verification processing module includes a communication verification unit and a processing integration unit;

[0081] The communication verification unit is used to verify the integrity of the identity message and the rationality of the parameters of the ship's operating conditions. When all verifications pass, the intelligent plug-in communication system sends a confirmation command to the ship's main communication control system to confirm the successful plug-in establishment and triggers the processing and integration unit.

[0082] The message integrity check identifies packet loss, error codes, and data bit flipping during message transmission by comparing cyclic redundancy check codes. It automatically retransmits the handshake request after the message integrity check fails, and after three failures, it determines that the connection is invalid and notifies personnel to carry out maintenance.

[0083] The parameter rationality verification is performed by comparing the returned identity message and ship operating conditions with the stored corresponding allowable rated range through the intelligent plug-in communication system, and automatically judging the rationality of the parameters.

[0084] The processing and integration unit is used to transmit attitude operation data to the intelligent plug-in communication system according to the plug-in communication link. After the intelligent plug-in communication system normalizes the identity message, ship operating condition and attitude operation data, it sorts and obtains environmental attitude data group, energy consumption operating condition data group and battery compartment status data group.

[0085] The normalization process removes the dimensional effects of identity messages, ship operating conditions, and attitude operation data through the Max-Min method.

[0086] The environmental attitude data set includes longitudinal wave acceleration aw, the angle between wind and wave direction and heading jw, and the ship's heel angle sr;

[0087] The energy consumption data set includes the ship's actual power demand Pr, battery compartment terminal voltage dy, and propulsion motor torque fluctuation mf.

[0088] The battery compartment status data set includes the battery compartment state of charge (SOC) and battery compartment temperature (Tb).

[0089] In this embodiment, after the battery compartment is physically connected, the communication verification unit performs message integrity and parameter rationality checks on the identity message and ship operating conditions. It identifies potential packet loss, error codes, or data bit flipping during transmission and uses cyclic redundancy check and automatic retransmission mechanisms to prevent access anomalies. Simultaneously, it compares the messages and operating condition parameters with the rated range to ensure data authenticity and validity. Once all checks pass, the system issues a confirmation command for successful connection establishment and triggers the processing and integration unit. The processing and integration unit uniformly transmits the attitude operation data, identity message, and ship operating conditions to the intelligent plug-in communication system. It uses the Max-Min method for normalization to eliminate dimensional differences between different data sources and organizes them into environmental attitude data groups, energy consumption operating condition data groups, and battery compartment status data groups. This achieves standardized management of operating environment disturbance parameters, energy consumption demand parameters, and battery compartment status parameters. This completes the communication security and parameter legality verification during the battery compartment access process, providing a standardized data foundation for subsequent navigation disturbance prediction and power allocation, and improving system access security, data consistency, and operational stability. Compared with existing technologies that rely on monitoring a single electrical parameter, this module improves the robustness of plug-in communication and the sophistication of data processing, thereby enhancing the reliability, controllability, and energy efficiency management of the entire ship's swappable battery system.

[0090] Example 4, please refer to Figure 1 Specifically:

[0091] The operating condition prediction module includes a navigation prediction unit and a disturbance assessment unit;

[0092] The navigation prediction unit is used to analyze ship operational disturbances based on environmental attitude data sets and construct a navigation disturbance prediction index Dna, which represents the comprehensive disturbance intensity of the external environment to the ship during navigation. The specific formula is as follows: In the formula, sin represents the sine function. Let be the first derivative of the ship's heel angle sr, representing the rate of change of the ship's heel angle during navigation. The instability of a ship during navigation is quantified by calculating the combined disturbance intensity of longitudinal wave acceleration and the rate of change of heel angle. Used to amplify the impact of the angle between wind and waves and the flight path on disturbances.

[0093] The disturbance assessment unit is used to collect all historical navigation disturbance prediction indices (Dna) of ships, and calculate the 50th percentile value as the sea state disturbance stability threshold (Tw) and the 90th percentile value as the sea state disturbance sensitivity threshold (Ts) using the percentile method. Then, it is used to conduct an environmental disturbance assessment with the real-time acquired navigation disturbance prediction index (Dna). The specific assessment scheme is as follows.

[0094] When the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna is less than the sea state disturbance stability threshold Tw, it indicates that the sea state environment disturbance is stable. At this time, the normal task allocation is maintained and no correction is made.

[0095] When the sea state disturbance stability threshold Tw ≤ navigation disturbance prediction index Dna < sea state disturbance sensitivity threshold Ts, it means that the sea state environment disturbance has no impact on ship navigation, and disturbance sensitivity information is generated at this time.

[0096] When the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna is greater than or equal to the sea state disturbance sensitivity threshold Ts, it indicates that the sea state environment is unstable, and power correction analysis is performed at this time.

[0097] In this embodiment, the navigation prediction unit performs a composite calculation on the longitudinal wave acceleration and the rate of change of the ship's heel angle based on the environmental attitude data set, and constructs the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna to quantify the dynamic instability of the ship under different sea states and amplify the impact of the wind and wave direction and the angle between the route on the disturbance. It represents the rate of change of the heel angle, reflecting the severity of the ship's roll, and is physically equivalent to angular velocity. The combined intensity of longitudinal and lateral disturbances is the actual combined disturbance force that a ship experiences in space. It represents the combined effect of longitudinal and lateral disturbances and originates from the Pythagorean theorem. Used to synthesize acceleration and velocity components in two perpendicular directions. In dynamics, the resultant acceleration and velocity of any two orthogonal components are obtained by taking the square root of their squares. This corresponds to the longitudinal wave acceleration aw and the rate of change of heel angle of a ship. Two orthogonal perturbation components; Used to emphasize instability when there is a significant deviation between the wave direction and the ship's direction of travel, it originates from the angle correction term in the wave spectrum. In naval engineering, the effect of the incident angle on the response is often characterized by the square of the sine function sin; and The navigation disturbance prediction index Dna is constructed by multiplication. The disturbance intensity comes not only from the kinematic response but is also modulated by the geometric factors of the wave angle. Therefore, the "composite quantity × correction factor" must be used to conform to the combination of the original dynamics and the direction correction.

[0098] The disturbance assessment unit utilizes the historical navigation disturbance prediction index (Dna) sequence, setting the 50th percentile as the sea state disturbance stability threshold (Tw) and the 90th percentile as the sea state disturbance sensitivity threshold (Ts) using a percentile method. This is compared with the real-time acquired navigation disturbance prediction index to achieve a tiered assessment of the current sea state. When the sea state is below the stability threshold (Tw), normal power allocation is maintained. When the sea state is between the stability threshold (Tw) and the sensitivity threshold (Ts), disturbance sensitivity information is output. When the sea state is above the sensitivity threshold (Ts), power correction analysis is triggered. Through this process, the system can not only dynamically identify and quantify the degree of sea state disturbance during operation but also intervene in power regulation in advance under potentially unstable conditions. The aim is to achieve real-time prediction and tiered management of ship operating status, avoiding energy consumption imbalances caused by external disturbances. Compared to existing methods that rely on static parameter settings, the introduction of historical distribution statistics and real-time dynamic comparison mechanisms enhances the system's adaptability and foresight in complex sea conditions, ensures the stability of battery compartment power distribution and the overall safety of ship navigation, and achieves a dual improvement in operational efficiency and risk resistance.

[0099] Example 5, please refer to Figure 1 Specifically: the cabin coupling distribution module includes a power correction unit and a comprehensive distribution unit;

[0100] The power correction unit is used to correct the ship's power under disturbance conditions based on energy consumption data sets and the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna when the environmental disturbance assessment indicates unstable sea state. It also constructs a dynamic power demand correction amount Pad, which is used to analyze the power correction amount under sea state disturbance conditions based on the ship's actual power demand. The specific formula is as follows: In the formula, ln represents the logarithmic function, ∆dy represents the voltage deviation between battery compartments, and ln(1+Dna) amplifies the influence of the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna through the logarithmic function. This represents the squared correction term, used to amplify the impact of external environmental disturbances on power demand. mf*∆dy represents the coupling effect between torque fluctuations and voltage imbalances.

[0101] The integrated allocation unit includes a coupled allocation unit and a balanced evaluation unit;

[0102] The coupling distribution unit is used to perform a distribution balance analysis on the corrected battery compartments based on the battery compartment status data set and the dynamic power demand correction amount Pad, and to construct a compartment coupling distribution index Pba, representing the corrected total power distribution among the battery compartments. After combining the battery compartment's electrical state and temperature, an exponential decay method is used to suppress the power output of high-temperature compartments, ensuring a balance between energy and heat load. The specific formula is as follows: In the formula, Pba iThe hull coupling allocation index for the i-th compartment represents the actual allocated power to the i-th battery compartment, N represents the total number of battery compartments, e represents the exponential function, j represents the index symbol used to traverse all compartments, and Tb i Represents the battery compartment temperature of the i-th compartment, SOC i This indicates the state of charge of the battery compartment in the i-th compartment.

[0103] The equilibrium assessment unit is used to collect the time series of the battery compartment coupling distribution index Pba of each battery compartment, calculate the standard deviation of the battery compartment coupling distribution index Pba at each time step using statistical methods, and calculate the 90th percentile value of the standard deviation using the percentile method as the preset battery compartment load equilibrium threshold Te. Then, it performs battery compartment equilibrium assessment with the real-time acquired battery compartment coupling distribution index Pba. The specific assessment scheme is as follows.

[0104] When the hull coupling distribution index Pba < hull load balancing threshold Te, it indicates that the corrected battery compartment power operation is balanced and the ship is operating normally. At this time, the correction qualification information is generated.

[0105] When the cabin coupling distribution index Pba is greater than or equal to the cabin load balancing threshold Te, it indicates that the correction is not qualified, and power suppression information is generated at this time.

[0106] In this embodiment, when the environmental disturbance is assessed as sea state instability, the power correction unit calculates the dynamic power demand correction Pad by combining the energy consumption data set and the navigation disturbance prediction index Dena, thereby correcting the ship's actual power demand under external disturbance conditions. ln(1+Dna) is used to represent the marginal amplification effect of the navigation disturbance prediction index Dena on power demand, which originates from the nonlinear gain adjustment principle in control engineering. The disturbance square correction term, used to reflect the instability effects under severe external sea conditions, originates from the rational function approximation method and is often used in signal processing and control systems to simulate the "growth-saturation" effect. The square enhances the influence of the navigation disturbance prediction index Dena, while the denominator limits the infinite growth of Dena, ensuring the correction term remains controllable. mf*∆dy represents the combined effect of mechanical and electrical disturbances in the actual power distribution process, derived from the power formula P=T*ω (the product of torque and angular velocity). When considering torque fluctuation mf and the voltage deviation ∆dy between battery compartments, their product is equivalent to the motor disturbance power compensation term. The dynamic power demand correction Pad is constructed from the energy balance formula P for power correction. total =P demand +ΔP disturbance In other words, the total power equals the actual power demand plus the correction caused by external disturbances. In marine engineering and power system control, this corresponds to the classic principle of disturbance superposition, which means that the power demand needs to be superimposed on the basic demand by the correction caused by the external environment.

[0107] The integrated distribution unit further couples the dynamic power demand correction Pad with the battery compartment status data group to construct the compartment coupling distribution index Pba. It dynamically distributes power according to the state of charge (SOC) and temperature (Tb) of each battery compartment and uses an exponential decay method to suppress the output of high-temperature compartments, thereby achieving a coordinated balance between power supply and heat load. This represents the average base, the initial base power allocated to each battery compartment, derived from the basic power allocation formula. This means distributing the total power Pad evenly across N battery compartments, which is the principle of uniform distribution in engineering control. Derived from the normalized weighted method, power allocation is usually done using a weighted average. This formula is used to allocate the total amount according to weighted proportions in resource allocation problems, and it has been modified and evolved in this formula. It adds physical constraints (temperature decay and state of charge) to the classic "weighted allocation" formula. Derived from the exponential decay model in physics, this method is used to attenuate the power contribution of high-temperature chambers; and Multiply the cabin coupling distribution index Pba.

[0108] The load balancing assessment unit calculates the standard deviation and sets a load balancing threshold Te by statistically analyzing the time series of the coupling distribution index Pba for each compartment. It then determines in real time whether the distribution process is balanced. If the coupling distribution index Pba is greater than or equal to the load balancing threshold Te, power suppression information is triggered for correction. This not only enables adaptive correction of power demand under complex disturbance environments but also dynamically ensures energy distribution and thermal load balance among battery compartments. Compared to traditional methods relying solely on fixed power distribution, this module achieves refined control based on disturbance prediction, avoiding operational instability caused by compartment overheating or voltage fluctuations, thereby effectively improving the safety, balance, and operational efficiency of the ship's electrical system.

[0109] Example 6, please refer to Figure 1 Specifically:

[0110] The feedback control module is used to transmit the assessment information generated by the environmental disturbance assessment and battery compartment balance assessment to the ship control system through the intelligent plug-in communication system, and to generate corresponding control commands through the ship control system, as follows;

[0111] Disturbance-sensitive information: Increase monitoring frequency by 30%. If the frequency continues to rise within 5 minutes, it will be corrected to unstable sea state environment.

[0112] Correct qualified information: Maintain the corrected battery compartment power operation and increase the monitoring frequency by 50%. If the power continues to rise within 5 minutes, immediately generate power suppression information.

[0113] Power suppression information: Reduce the allocated power of abnormal compartments by 50%, and at the same time send a shift command to the ship control system to reduce the ship's power output by 20%, and perform iterative analysis through the compartment coupling allocation module.

[0114] In this embodiment, the feedback control module transmits assessment information generated by environmental disturbance assessment and battery compartment balance assessment to the ship control system via an intelligent plug-in communication system, and the ship control system generates corresponding control commands. When the assessment generates disturbance-sensitive information, the system automatically increases the monitoring frequency by 30% and continuously tracks for 5 minutes. If the disturbance index continues to rise, the state is corrected to unstable sea state disturbance, thereby identifying potential risks in advance. When the assessment generates corrected qualified information, the system maintains the corrected battery compartment power operation state and increases the monitoring frequency by 50%. If an upward trend still occurs within 5 minutes, power suppression information is immediately generated to prevent risk spread. When the assessment generates power suppression information, the system automatically reduces the allocated power of abnormal compartments by 50% and simultaneously issues a shift command to the ship control system, reducing the overall ship power output by 20%. Iterative analysis is performed through the compartment coupling allocation module to ensure continuous balance of power allocation under dynamic conditions. Through this implementation, graded response and dynamic control of the ship under different sea state disturbances are achieved, improving the balance and stability of battery compartment power allocation. Compared with existing technologies that rely on fixed power allocation and manual intervention, this system can achieve fully automated and adaptive energy consumption scheduling and risk control, improving the operational reliability, energy efficiency and overall risk resistance of shipboard battery swapping systems in complex sea conditions.

[0115] Example 7, please refer to Figure 2 A smart plug-in communication method for swappable containerized batteries for ships includes the following steps:

[0116] S1. When the battery compartment is connected to the ship's power bus socket, a handshake signal is sent to automatically identify the battery compartment's identity message and the ship's operating status of the ship's main communication control system, and then the ship's attitude operation data is collected based on the sensors.

[0117] S2. Perform message integrity verification and parameter rationality verification, and when all pass, normalize the identity message, ship operating condition and attitude operation data to obtain environmental attitude data group, energy consumption operating condition data group and battery compartment status data group.

[0118] S3. Based on the environmental attitude data set, the longitudinal wave acceleration and the rate of change of the ship's heel angle are synthesized and calculated to construct the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna, and an environmental disturbance assessment is generated. Based on the assessment results, a power correction analysis is performed.

[0119] S4. When the sea environment is unstable, the power of the ship under the disturbance environment is corrected based on the energy consumption data set and the ship operation disturbance analysis results. After the power correction, the distribution balance analysis is carried out in combination with the battery compartment status data set, and a battery compartment balance assessment is generated.

[0120] S5. Generate corresponding control instructions based on the assessment information.

[0121] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent plug-in communication system for shipboard swappable containerized batteries, characterized in that: It includes a ship monitoring module, a verification and processing module, an operating condition prediction module, a hull coupling and distribution module, and a feedback control module; The ship monitoring module includes a plug-in communication establishment unit and an operation monitoring unit; The plug-in communication establishment unit is used to physically plug the DC interface of the containerized battery compartment into the ship's power bus socket. At the same time, the data communication port of the containerized battery compartment is connected to the ship's communication bus. After the plug-in is completed, the intelligent plug-in communication system automatically sends a handshake signal to the ship's main communication control system and the containerized battery compartment, and returns an identity message to the intelligent plug-in communication system through the battery compartment, and returns the ship's operating status to the intelligent plug-in communication system through the ship's main communication control system. The identity message includes the battery compartment number, battery compartment terminal voltage dy, battery compartment state of charge (SOC), and battery compartment temperature (Tb). The ship's operating conditions include the ship's actual power demand Pr and the propulsion motor torque fluctuation mf. The operation monitoring unit is used to collect the ship's attitude and operation data in real time based on sensors installed at various locations on the ship. The sensors include an accelerometer, a wind vane, a tracker, and an attitude sensor; Accelerometers are installed on the bottom of the hull to collect longitudinal wave acceleration (aw) in real time. The wind vane is used to obtain the wind and wave direction, the tracker is used to obtain the heading, and the difference is used to obtain the angle jw between the wind and wave direction and the heading; Attitude sensors are installed near the longitudinal axis of the ship to monitor the ship's roll angle (sr) in real time. The verification processing module is used to perform message integrity verification and parameter rationality verification, and when all pass, it normalizes the identity message, ship operating condition and attitude operation data to obtain environmental attitude data group, energy consumption operating condition data group and battery compartment status data group. The operating condition prediction module is used to perform ship operation disturbance analysis based on the environmental attitude data set, generate an environmental disturbance assessment, and perform power correction analysis based on the assessment results. The hull coupling distribution module is used to perform power correction on the ship under disturbance conditions based on the energy consumption data set and the ship operation disturbance analysis results when the sea state environment is unstable. After power correction, it performs distribution balance analysis in conjunction with the battery compartment status data set and generates a battery compartment balance assessment. The feedback control module is used to generate corresponding control instructions based on the evaluation information.

2. The intelligent plug-in communication system for ship-mounted swappable containerized batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The verification processing module includes a communication verification unit and a processing integration unit; The communication verification unit is used to verify the integrity of the identity message and the rationality of the parameters of the ship's operating conditions. When all verifications pass, the intelligent plug-in communication system sends a confirmation command to the ship's main communication control system to confirm the successful plug-in establishment and triggers the processing and integration unit. The message integrity check identifies packet loss, error codes, and data bit flipping during message transmission by comparing cyclic redundancy check codes. It automatically retransmits the handshake request after the message integrity check fails, and after three failures, it determines that the connection is invalid and notifies personnel to carry out maintenance. The parameter rationality verification is performed by comparing the returned identity message and ship operating conditions with the stored corresponding allowable rated range through the intelligent plug-in communication system, and automatically judging the rationality of the parameters. The processing and integration unit is used to transmit attitude operation data to the intelligent plug-in communication system according to the plug-in communication link. After the intelligent plug-in communication system normalizes the identity message, ship operating condition and attitude operation data, it sorts and obtains environmental attitude data group, energy consumption operating condition data group and battery compartment status data group. The normalization process removes the dimensional effects of identity messages, ship operating conditions, and attitude operation data through the Max-Min method. The environmental attitude data set includes longitudinal wave acceleration aw, the angle between wind and wave direction and heading jw, and the ship's heel angle sr; The energy consumption data set includes the ship's actual power demand Pr, battery compartment terminal voltage dy, and propulsion motor torque fluctuation mf. The battery compartment status data set includes the battery compartment state of charge (SOC) and battery compartment temperature (Tb).

3. The intelligent plug-in communication system for ship-mounted swappable containerized batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: The operating condition prediction module includes a navigation prediction unit and a disturbance assessment unit; The navigation prediction unit is used to perform ship operation disturbance analysis based on the environmental attitude data set and construct the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna, which represents the comprehensive disturbance intensity of the external environment to the ship during navigation.

4. The intelligent plug-in communication system for ship-mounted swappable containerized batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: The disturbance assessment unit is used to collect all historical navigation disturbance prediction indices (Dna) of ships, and calculate the 50th percentile value as the sea state disturbance stability threshold (Tw) and the 90th percentile value as the sea state disturbance sensitivity threshold (Ts) using the percentile method. Then, it is used to conduct an environmental disturbance assessment with the real-time acquired navigation disturbance prediction index (Dna). The specific assessment scheme is as follows. When the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna is less than the sea state disturbance stability threshold Tw, it indicates that the sea state environment disturbance is stable. At this time, the normal task allocation is maintained and no correction is made. When the sea state disturbance stability threshold Tw ≤ navigation disturbance prediction index Dna < sea state disturbance sensitivity threshold Ts, it means that the sea state environment disturbance has no impact on ship navigation, and disturbance sensitivity information is generated at this time. When the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna is greater than or equal to the sea state disturbance sensitivity threshold Ts, it indicates that the sea state environment is unstable, and power correction analysis is performed at this time.

5. The intelligent plug-in communication system for ship-mounted swappable containerized batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cabin coupling distribution module includes a power correction unit and a comprehensive distribution unit; The power correction unit is used to correct the power of the ship under disturbance conditions based on the energy consumption data set and the navigation disturbance prediction index Dna when the environmental disturbance is assessed as unstable sea state. It also constructs a dynamic power demand correction amount Pad, which is used to analyze the power correction amount under sea state disturbance conditions based on the actual power demand of the ship.

6. The intelligent plug-in communication system for ship-mounted swappable containerized batteries according to claim 5, characterized in that: The integrated allocation unit includes a coupled allocation unit and a balanced evaluation unit; The coupling distribution unit is used to perform a distribution balance analysis on the corrected battery compartment based on the battery compartment status data group and the dynamic power demand correction amount Pad, and to construct the compartment coupling distribution index Pba, which represents the total power distributed among the battery compartments after correction. After combining the battery compartment's charge status and temperature, the power output of the high-temperature compartment is suppressed by using an exponential decay method to ensure the balance of energy and heat load.

7. The intelligent plug-in communication system for ship-mounted swappable containerized batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that: The equilibrium assessment unit is used to collect the time series of the battery compartment coupling distribution index Pba of each battery compartment, calculate the standard deviation of the battery compartment coupling distribution index Pba at each time step using statistical methods, and calculate the 90th percentile value of the standard deviation using the percentile method as the preset battery compartment load equilibrium threshold Te. Then, it performs battery compartment equilibrium assessment with the real-time acquired battery compartment coupling distribution index Pba. The specific assessment scheme is as follows. When the hull coupling distribution index Pba < hull load balancing threshold Te, it indicates that the corrected battery compartment power operation is balanced and the ship is operating normally. At this time, the correction qualification information is generated. When the cabin coupling distribution index Pba is greater than or equal to the cabin load balancing threshold Te, it indicates that the correction is not qualified, and power suppression information is generated at this time.

8. The intelligent plug-in communication system for ship-mounted swappable containerized batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feedback control module is used to transmit the assessment information generated by the environmental disturbance assessment and battery compartment balance assessment to the ship control system through the intelligent plug-in communication system, and to generate corresponding control commands through the ship control system, as follows; Disturbance-sensitive information: Increase monitoring frequency by 30%. If the frequency continues to rise within 5 minutes, it will be corrected to unstable sea state environment. Correct qualified information: Maintain the corrected battery compartment power operation and increase the monitoring frequency by 50%. If the power continues to rise within 5 minutes, immediately generate power suppression information. Power suppression information: Reduce the allocated power of abnormal compartments by 50%, and at the same time send a shift command to the ship control system to reduce the ship's power output by 20%, and perform iterative analysis through the compartment coupling allocation module.

9. A smart plug-in communication method for ship-mounted swappable containerized batteries, applied to the smart plug-in communication system for ship-mounted swappable containerized batteries as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. When the battery compartment is connected to the ship's power bus socket, a handshake signal is sent to automatically identify the battery compartment's identity message and the ship's operating status of the ship's main communication control system, and then the ship's attitude operation data is collected based on the sensors. S2. Perform message integrity verification and parameter rationality verification, and when all pass, normalize the identity message, ship operating condition and attitude operation data to obtain environmental attitude data group, energy consumption operating condition data group and battery compartment status data group. S3. Based on the environmental attitude data set, perform ship operation disturbance analysis and generate an environmental disturbance assessment. Based on the assessment results, perform power correction analysis. S4. When the sea environment is unstable, the power of the ship under the disturbance environment is corrected based on the energy consumption data set and the ship operation disturbance analysis results. After the power correction, the distribution balance analysis is carried out in combination with the battery compartment status data set, and a battery compartment balance assessment is generated. S5. Generate corresponding control instructions based on the assessment information.

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