Axial skew-pole hybrid excitation V-type Halbach permanent magnet flux switching motor

Abstract

This invention discloses an axially skewed-pole hybrid excitation V-type Halbach permanent magnet flux-switching motor, comprising a first stator, a first rotor, a magnetic separator, a second rotor, a second stator, an excitation winding, and an armature winding, all coaxially stacked in a multi-segment axial stacking structure. Both the first and second stators include double U-π type stator core modules, magnetic separators, permanent magnet pairs, and permanent magnets. The first and second rotors are respectively surface-mounted on both sides of the magnetic separator. The first and second stators are each composed of six alternating double U-π type stator core modules and six magnetic separators. Permanent magnet pairs are arranged inside the double U-π type stator core modules, and permanent magnets are arranged on the outer side. The excitation winding is wound across the double U-π type stator core modules, and the armature winding is wound at the root of the double U-π type stator core modules. This invention has the advantages of high power density and torque density, high stability, wide speed range, low harmonic loss, strong fault tolerance, and high reliability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of hybrid excitation motors, in particular to an axial skew-pole hybrid excitation V-shaped Halbach permanent magnet flux switching motor. BACKGROUND

[0002] Permanent magnet motors have high power density and high efficiency, and thus play an important role in modern drive and power generation systems. However, the air gap magnetic field of the permanent magnet motor is mainly generated by the permanent magnet, which is a constant magnetic field, resulting in limitations such as difficult voltage adjustment and narrow speed regulation range. Therefore, achieving efficient and wide-range adjustment of the air gap magnetic field has become the focus of research by domestic and foreign scholars.

[0003] The hybrid excitation motor reasonably distributes the permanent magnet and the excitation winding in the magnetic circuit, so that the motor has the advantages of high power density and high reliability of the permanent magnet motor, and can flexibly adjust the magnetic field. By changing the size and direction of the excitation current, the air gap magnetic field can be controlled to increase the magnetic field to improve the torque output at low speed, and to weaken the magnetic field to expand the speed regulation range at high speed.

[0004] However, the traditional hybrid excitation motor places the permanent magnet and the excitation winding together on the rotor side, resulting in a complex rotor structure and low mechanical reliability. At the same time, in this type of series magnetic circuit, the excitation winding magnetic motive force needs to overcome the high magnetic resistance of the permanent magnet. In order to achieve effective field strengthening or field weakening effect, high excitation current needs to be passed, which results in large copper loss, reduces system efficiency, and may cause irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet.

[0005] To overcome the inherent defects of rotor excitation, French scholar E. Hoang proposed a stator permanent magnet type motor, which combines the advantages of hybrid excitation motors and flux switching motors. The permanent magnet and the winding are placed in the stator, and the rotor is a simple salient pole core structure, thereby realizing a simple, reliable, suitable for high-speed operation and easy-to-cool motor structure.

[0006] However, the performance of the existing axial magnetic field hybrid excitation flux switching motor still needs to be improved. Although the structure is compact, in actual operation, it often shows limited magnetic field adjustment range, high tooth slot torque and high back electromotive force harmonic content. This leads to insufficient smoothness of the output torque, and the speed expansion ability and torque output ability in a wide speed range still need to be improved, which is difficult to fully meet the requirements of high-performance wide-speed-range drive systems. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide an axial skew-pole hybrid excitation V-shaped Halbach permanent magnet flux switching motor with compact structure, small volume, strong fault tolerance, high reliability, high power density and torque density, strong running stability and strong magnetic field adjustment capability.

[0008] The technical solution for achieving the object of the present application is an axial skew-pole hybrid excitation V-type Halbach permanent magnet flux switching motor, comprising a first stator, a first rotor, a magnetic isolation disc, a second rotor, a second stator, an excitation winding and an armature winding, wherein the first stator and the second stator each comprise a double U-π type stator core module, a magnetic isolation sheet, a pair of permanent magnets and a permanent magnet.

[0009] The first stator, the first rotor, the magnetic isolation disc, the second rotor and the second stator are sequentially stacked in a multi-section axial stacking structure installed coaxially; the first rotor and the second rotor are respectively surface-mounted on the two sides of the magnetic isolation disc; the first stator and the second stator are alternately composed of six double U-π type stator core modules and six magnetic isolation sheets, the double U-π type stator core module is internally provided with a pair of permanent magnets, and the outer side is provided with a permanent magnet; the excitation winding is cross-wound on the double U-π type stator core module, and the armature winding is wound at the root of the double U-π type stator core module.

[0010] Further, the first stator and the second stator are alternately composed of six double U-π type stator core modules and six magnetic isolation sheets, wherein the double U-π type stator core module comprises a first U-shaped stator middle tooth, a second U-shaped stator middle tooth, a first π-shaped stator tooth, a second π-shaped stator tooth and a stator yoke;

[0011] The first U-shaped stator middle tooth, the second U-shaped stator middle tooth, the first π-shaped stator tooth and the second π-shaped stator tooth all adopt parallel teeth, wherein the first U-shaped stator middle tooth and the second U-shaped stator middle tooth are located on the upper and lower sides of the stator yoke, the first π-shaped stator tooth and the second π-shaped stator tooth are located on the two sides of the first U-shaped stator middle tooth, and are connected with the first U-shaped stator middle tooth and the second U-shaped stator middle tooth through the stator yoke; the first U-shaped stator middle tooth and the second U-shaped stator middle tooth are respectively provided with a first semicylindrical winding slot and a second semicylindrical winding slot on the surface for placing the excitation winding; the second U-shaped stator middle tooth and the left and right sides of the stator yoke are respectively provided with a triangular recess at the junction;

[0012] The double U-π type stator core module is internally inlaid with a pair of permanent magnets, and the first π-shaped stator tooth and the second π-shaped stator tooth are surface-mounted with permanent magnets.

[0013] Further, the pair of permanent magnets comprises a first permanent magnet module and a second permanent magnet module, the first permanent magnet module and the second permanent magnet module are symmetrically embedded in the first U-shaped stator middle tooth and the second U-shaped stator middle tooth in a V shape, and are symmetric about the center position of the double U-π type stator core module;

[0014] The first permanent magnet module and the second permanent magnet module adopt parallel permanent magnet tangential magnetization, and the magnetization directions are the same; the permanent magnet pairs adopt Halbach arrangement mode, and the magnetization directions of adjacent permanent magnet pairs are opposite.

[0015] Further, the permanent magnet includes a third permanent magnet module and a fourth permanent magnet module.

[0016] The third permanent magnet module is attached to the first pi-shaped stator tooth, and the fourth permanent magnet module is attached to the second pi-shaped stator tooth; the first pi-shaped stator tooth and the second pi-shaped stator tooth are arranged on the stator yoke in an inclined pole manner, and the third permanent magnet module and the fourth permanent magnet module are also arranged in an inclined pole manner correspondingly.

[0017] The third permanent magnet module and the fourth permanent magnet module adopt axial magnetization, and the magnetization directions of the third permanent magnet module and the fourth permanent magnet module are opposite.

[0018] Further, the first rotor and the second rotor are respectively provided with 13 rotor teeth on one side of the first stator and the second stator, and the 13 rotor teeth are connected through a rotor yoke.

[0019] The rotor tooth is a trapezoidal tooth, and the rotor tooth of the first rotor and the second rotor and the first U-shaped stator middle tooth of the first stator and the second stator are left with an air gap, the tooth surface of the rotor tooth close to the air gap is wide, and three auxiliary grooves are arranged on the surface close to the air gap in the circumferential direction.

[0020] Further, the first rotor and the second rotor are installed with an axial stagger of 13.8 degrees of mechanical angle.

[0021] Further, the excitation winding and the armature winding are both concentrated windings.

[0022] Further, the excitation winding is cross-wound on the first semi-cylindrical winding slot and the second semi-cylindrical winding slot on the surfaces of the first U-shaped stator middle tooth and the second U-shaped stator middle tooth.

[0023] Further, the armature winding is wound at the root of the first pi-shaped stator tooth and the second pi-shaped stator tooth, and the armature windings in the same double U-pi-shaped stator core module are connected in series, and each phase armature winding is connected in series by four concentrated windings distributed in space.

[0024] Further, the first stator, the first rotor, the second rotor and the second stator are all made of silicon steel sheets, the magnetic separation disc and the magnetic separation sheet are made of non-magnetic materials, and the first permanent magnet module, the second permanent magnet module, the third permanent magnet module and the fourth permanent magnet module are all made of neodymium iron boron materials.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the motor has the following advantages: (1) the motor adopts the axial alternating stacking structure of double stators-double rotors, the axial magnetic circuit is short and symmetrical, the structure is compact, the volume is smaller under the same power, and the power density and torque density are higher; (2) the stator core adopts the double U-π modular structure, the magnetic resistance of the main magnetic circuit is reduced, the space utilization is improved, and the magnetic field modulation effect is effectively enhanced by the combination of the plurality of teeth and the magnetic separation sheet; (3) the π-shaped stator teeth and the permanent magnets on the two sides adopt the axial skew pole arrangement, and the two rotors are axially staggered by a specific mechanical angle, so that the cogging torque and torque ripple can be effectively weakened, and the operation stability is improved; (4) the rotor core is axially isolated by a non-magnetic material, the decoupling of the magnetic circuits of the two stators is realized, the saturation degree of the magnetic circuit is reduced, and the magnetic load capacity and reliability of the motor are improved; (5) the concentrated winding design is adopted, the excitation winding and the armature winding are independent and uniformly arranged on the stator, the control is facilitated, the flexibility of the magnetic field adjustment and the fault tolerance performance of the system are improved; (6) the triangular groove is arranged at the joint between the middle teeth and the yoke of the stator, the magnetic flux path is optimized, the local magnetic saturation is prevented, and the overload capacity and the stability of the output torque are further improved; (7) the armature winding adopts the structure that a plurality of spatially distributed concentrated windings are connected in series to form one phase, the spatial phase difference of the windings is effectively utilized to suppress harmonics, the back electromotive force waveform is improved, and the copper loss and noise are reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a structure schematic diagram of an axial skew pole hybrid excitation V-shaped Halbach permanent magnet flux switching motor according to the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 is a structure schematic diagram of a double U-π stator core module of the motor according to the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 is a staggered angle diagram of the first rotor and the second rotor of the motor according to the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 is a structure schematic diagram of the first rotor, the magnetic separation disc and the second rotor of the motor according to the present application.

[0030] Figure 5 is a permanent magnet flux path diagram of the motor according to the present application when the rotor angle is .

[0031] Figure 6 is a permanent magnet flux path diagram of the motor according to the present application when the rotor angle is .

[0032] Figure 7 is a magnetic enhancement operation principle diagram of the motor according to the present application.

[0033] Figure 8 is a demagnetization operation principle diagram of the motor according to the present application.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a waveform diagram of the no-load magnetic flux linkage of the three-phase armature winding of the motor at rated speed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a waveform diagram of the no-load back electromotive force of the three-phase armature winding of the motor at rated speed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1 is the first stator, 2 is the first rotor, 3 is the magnetic separator, 4 is the second rotor, 5 is the second stator, 6 is the excitation winding, 7 is the armature winding, 8 is the double U-π type stator core module, 9 is the magnetic separator, 10 is the permanent magnet pair, 11 is the permanent magnet, 2-1 is the rotor tooth, 2-2 is the rotor yoke, 2-3 is the auxiliary slot, 8-1 is the first U-shaped stator intermediate tooth, 8-2 is the second U-shaped stator intermediate tooth, 8-3 is the first π type stator tooth, 8-4 is the second π type stator tooth, 8-5 is the stator yoke, 8-6 is the first semi-cylindrical winding slot, 8-7 is the second semi-cylindrical winding slot, 8-8 is the triangular groove, 10-1 is the first permanent magnet module, 10-2 is the second permanent magnet module, 11-1 is the third permanent magnet module, and 11-2 is the fourth permanent magnet module. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses an axial slant-pole hybrid excitation V-type Halbach permanent magnet flux switching motor, comprising a first stator 1, a first rotor 2, a magnetic separator 3, a second rotor 4, a second stator 5, an excitation winding 6, and an armature winding 7, wherein both the first stator 1 and the second stator 5 include a double U-π type stator core module 8, a magnetic separator 9, a pair of permanent magnets 10, and a permanent magnet 11;

[0039] The first stator 1, the first rotor 2, the spacer disk 3, the second rotor 4, and the second stator 5 are sequentially stacked in a multi-segment axial stacking structure with coaxial installation; the first rotor 2 and the second rotor 4 are respectively attached to both sides of the spacer disk 3; the first stator 1 and the second stator 5 are respectively composed of six double U-π type stator core modules 8 and six magnetic shielding sheets 9 alternately, the double U-π type stator core module 8 is provided with permanent magnet pairs 10 inside and permanent magnets 11 outside; the excitation winding 6 is wound across the double U-π type stator core module 8, and the armature winding 7 is wound at the root of the double U-π type stator core module 8.

[0040] As a specific example, the first stator 1 and the second stator 5 are respectively composed of six double U-π type stator core modules 8 and six magnetic shielding plates 9 alternately. The double U-π type stator core module 8 includes a first U-shaped stator intermediate tooth 8-1, a second U-shaped stator intermediate tooth 8-2, a first π type stator tooth 8-3, a second π type stator tooth 8-4, and a stator yoke 8-5, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown;

[0041] The first U-shaped stator intermediate tooth 8-1, the second U-shaped stator intermediate tooth 8-2, the first π-shaped stator tooth 8-3, and the second π-shaped stator tooth 8-4 are all parallel teeth. The first U-shaped stator intermediate tooth 8-1 and the second U-shaped stator intermediate tooth 8-2 ​​are located on the upper and lower sides of the stator yoke 8-5, while the first π-shaped stator tooth 8-3 and the second π-shaped stator tooth 8-4 are located on both sides of the first U-shaped stator intermediate tooth 8-1. They are connected to the first U-shaped stator intermediate tooth 8-1 and the second U-shaped stator tooth 8-4 via the stator yoke 8-5. The intermediate teeth 8-2 ​​of the stator improve the torque and power density of the motor; the first U-shaped stator intermediate teeth 8-1 and the second U-shaped stator intermediate teeth 8-2 ​​are respectively provided with a first semi-cylindrical winding slot 8-6 and a second semi-cylindrical winding slot 8-7 for placing the excitation winding 6 on their surfaces; a triangular groove 8-8 is provided at the left and right sides of the connection between the second U-shaped stator intermediate teeth 8-2 ​​and the stator yoke 8-5, which evenly distributes the magnetic field, reduces local saturation in the magnetic circuit, and improves the utilization rate of the magnetic circuit;

[0042] The double U-π type stator core module 8 has permanent magnet pairs 10 embedded inside, and permanent magnets 11 are attached to the first π type stator teeth 8-3 and the second π type stator teeth 8-4.

[0043] As a specific example, the permanent magnet pair 10 includes a first permanent magnet module 10-1 and a second permanent magnet module 10-2. The first permanent magnet module 10-1 and the second permanent magnet module 10-2 are symmetrically embedded in a V-shape between the first U-shaped stator intermediate tooth 8-1 and the second U-shaped stator intermediate tooth 8-2, and are symmetrical about the center position of the double U-π-shaped stator core module 8.

[0044] The first permanent magnet module 10-1 and the second permanent magnet module 10-2 are magnetized in parallel permanent magnet tangential direction and in the same direction. The permanent magnet pairs 10 are arranged in Halbach pattern, and the magnetization directions of adjacent permanent magnet pairs 10 are opposite, which has a stronger anti-demagnetization ability and improves the overload capacity and long-term operation reliability of the motor.

[0045] As a specific example, the permanent magnet 11 includes a third permanent magnet module 11-1 and a fourth permanent magnet module 11-2;

[0046] The third permanent magnet module 11-1 is mounted on the first π-type stator tooth 8-3, and the fourth permanent magnet module 11-2 is mounted on the second π-type stator tooth 8-4; the first π-type stator tooth 8-3 and the second π-type stator tooth 8-4 are arranged in a skewed pole arrangement on the stator yoke 8-5, and the third permanent magnet module 11-1 and the fourth permanent magnet module 11-2 are also arranged in a skewed pole arrangement accordingly;

[0047] The third permanent magnet module 11-1 and the fourth permanent magnet module 11-2 are axially magnetized, and the magnetization directions of the third permanent magnet module 11-1 and the fourth permanent magnet module 11-2 are opposite, which effectively reduces the torque fluctuation caused by the cogging effect and improves the smoothness of motor operation.

[0048] As a specific example, the first rotor 2 and the second rotor 4 are respectively provided with 13 rotor teeth 2-1 on one side of the first stator 1 and the second stator 5, and the 13 rotor teeth 2-1 are connected by the rotor yoke 2-2.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the rotor teeth 2-1 are trapezoidal teeth. There is an air gap between the rotor teeth 2-1 of the first rotor 2 and the second rotor 4 and the first U-shaped stator intermediate teeth 8-1 of the first stator 1 and the second stator 5. The tooth surface of the rotor teeth 2-1 near the air gap is wider, and three auxiliary slots 2-3 are provided along the circumference near the air gap surface, which effectively optimizes the sinusoidal nature of the air gap magnetic field, suppresses torque pulsation, thereby improving the motor torque and reducing operating noise.

[0050] As a specific example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first rotor 2 and the second rotor 4 are installed with a mechanical angle offset of 13.8 degrees along the axial direction. Through the complementary misalignment of the two rotors, torque fluctuations are effectively smoothed, making the motor run more smoothly and with lower noise.

[0051] As a specific example, both the excitation winding 6 and the armature winding 7 are concentrated windings.

[0052] As a specific example, the excitation winding 6 is wound across the first semi-cylindrical winding slot 8-6 and the second semi-cylindrical winding slot 8-7 on the surfaces of the first U-shaped stator intermediate teeth 8-1 and the second U-shaped stator intermediate teeth 8-2, thereby enabling the motor to operate at high speed over a wide range in the constant power region and improving efficiency.

[0053] As a specific example, the armature winding 7 is wound at the root of the first π-type stator tooth 8-3 and the second π-type stator tooth 8-4, and the armature windings 7 located in the same double U-π-type stator core module 8 are connected in series. Each phase armature winding is composed of four spatially distributed concentrated windings connected in series, so that the magnetic field can be effectively superimposed, thereby significantly enhancing the output of the motor. At the same time, the concentrated winding structure has a shorter end, which effectively reduces copper loss, thereby jointly improving the power density and operating efficiency of the whole machine.

[0054] As a specific example, the first stator 1, the first rotor 2, the second rotor 4, and the second stator 5 all adopt a salient pole structure and are made of stacked silicon steel sheets; the magnetic disk 3 and the magnetic shielding sheet 6 are made of non-magnetic materials; the first permanent magnet module 10-1, the second permanent magnet module 10-2, the third permanent magnet module 11-1, and the fourth permanent magnet module 11-2 are all made of neodymium iron boron material.

[0055] When the excitation current flowing through the excitation winding 6 is zero, the air gap magnetic field is provided solely by the permanent magnet pair 10 and the permanent magnet 11. When the first rotor 2 runs to... At an angle, its permanent magnet flux path is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the solid line represents phase A winding, the long dashed line represents phase B winding, and the short dashed line represents phase C winding. Taking phase A as an example, since windings A1 and A2 are connected in series, the magnetic flux linkage of phase A is synthesized by both. According to the "principle of minimum magnetic reluctance," the magnetic flux enters winding A1 in the direction of the arrow, while the magnetic flux in winding A2 is almost zero. Therefore, the direction of the synthesized magnetic flux linkage is determined by winding A1. When the second rotor 4 rotates to... At an angle of 60°, its permanent magnet flux path is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the magnetic flux exits the A2 winding in the direction of the arrow, and the magnetic flux in the A1 winding is almost zero. At this time, the direction of the resultant magnetic flux linkage is determined by the A2 winding. In both positions, the value of the resultant magnetic flux linkage is the same but the polarity is opposite. When the second rotor 4 rotates continuously, the magnetic flux of the winding changes periodically between the positive and negative maximum values, corresponding to the generation of an induced electromotive force with alternating amplitude and phase.

[0056] When the excitation current flowing through the excitation winding 6 is positive, such as Figure 7 As shown, the solid line represents the permanent magnet flux path, and the dashed line represents the excitation flux path. Both are in the same direction. The excitation flux and the permanent magnet flux together form and enhance the air gap magnetic field, and the motor operates in magnetization mode. At the same rotor position, changing the direction of the excitation current, i.e., making the excitation current flowing through excitation winding 6 negative, is as follows: Figure 8As shown, the excitation current and permanent magnet flux are in opposite directions, and together they form and weaken the air gap magnetic field, causing the motor to operate in demagnetization mode. The excitation magnetomotive force and the permanent magnet magnetomotive force are in series in the magnetic circuit. The magnetic flux generated by the excitation winding does not directly pass through the permanent magnet, so there is no demagnetization problem. By adjusting the direction and magnitude of the excitation current, the excitation magnetic field can be changed, thereby adjusting the armature winding flux linkage and enabling the motor to operate within a wide constant power speed range.

[0057] Example

[0058] To verify the electromagnetic characteristics of the motor of this invention, electromagnetic field simulation analysis of the structure was performed using Maxwell 3D finite element software. The simulation model fully includes key components such as the double stator core, double rotor structure, V-type Halbach permanent magnet, excitation winding, and armature winding, and the material properties, air gap length, and winding parameters were precisely set. Based on this, the operating characteristics of the motor of this invention, such as air gap magnetic flux density, magnetic flux linkage, and back electromotive force, were obtained through transient electromagnetic field solving, providing a theoretical basis for the feasibility and performance of the structure of this invention.

[0059] Figure 9 The figure shows the no-load flux linkage waveform of the three-phase armature winding of the motor of the present invention at rated speed. As can be seen from the figure, the flux linkages of phases A, B, and C are all approximately sinusoidal and maintain a phase difference of about 120° electrical angle. The flux linkage amplitude is stable, indicating that the flux modulation structure described in the present invention can form a regular alternating magnetic field, providing a basis for generating a sinusoidal back electromotive force.

[0060] Figure 10 This is a waveform of the no-load back electromotive force (EMF) of the three-phase armature windings of the motor of the present invention at rated speed. The three-phase back EMF exhibits a sinusoidal distribution, with phases differing by approximately 120° electrical angles, a high proportion of fundamental components, and relatively low distortion. This result verifies that the V-type Halbach permanent magnet and axial slant-pole flux modulation structure used in this invention can effectively improve the air gap magnetic field distribution and enhance the sinusoidal nature of the back EMF.

[0061] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An axially skewed pole hybrid excitation V-type Halbach permanent magnet flux-switching motor, characterized in that, It includes a first stator (1), a first rotor (2), a magnetic separator (3), a second rotor (4), a second stator (5), an excitation winding (6), and an armature winding (7), wherein the first stator (1) and the second stator (5) both include a double U-π type stator core module (8), a magnetic separator (9), a pair of permanent magnets (10), and a permanent magnet (11); The first stator (1), the first rotor (2), the spacer disk (3), the second rotor (4), and the second stator (5) are stacked sequentially in a multi-segment axial stacking structure with coaxial installation; the first rotor (2) and the second rotor (4) are respectively attached to both sides of the spacer disk (3); the first stator (1) and the second stator (5) are respectively composed of six double U-π type stator core modules (8) and six magnetic shielding sheets (9) alternately, the double U-π type stator core module (8) is provided with permanent magnet pairs (10) inside and permanent magnets (11) are provided on the outside; the excitation winding (6) is wound across the double U-π type stator core module (8), and the armature winding (7) is wound at the root of the double U-π type stator core module (8); The first stator (1) and the second stator (5) are respectively composed of six double U-π type stator core modules (8) and six magnetic shielding plates (9) alternately. The double U-π type stator core module (8) includes a first U-type stator intermediate tooth (8-1), a second U-type stator intermediate tooth (8-2), a first π type stator tooth (8-3), a second π type stator tooth (8-4), and a stator yoke (8-5). The first U-shaped stator intermediate tooth (8-1), the second U-shaped stator intermediate tooth (8-2), the first π-shaped stator tooth (8-3), and the second π-shaped stator tooth (8-4) are all parallel teeth. The first U-shaped stator intermediate tooth (8-1) and the second U-shaped stator intermediate tooth (8-2) are located on the upper and lower sides of the stator yoke (8-5), while the first π-shaped stator tooth (8-3) and the second π-shaped stator tooth (8-4) are located on both sides of the first U-shaped stator intermediate tooth (8-1). They pass through the stator yoke (8-5). -5) Connected to the first U-shaped stator intermediate tooth (8-1) and the second U-shaped stator intermediate tooth (8-2); the first U-shaped stator intermediate tooth (8-1) and the second U-shaped stator intermediate tooth (8-2) are respectively provided with a first semi-cylindrical winding slot (8-6) and a second semi-cylindrical winding slot (8-7) for placing the excitation winding (6) on their surfaces; a triangular groove (8-8) is provided at the connection between the second U-shaped stator intermediate tooth (8-2) and the left and right sides of the stator yoke (8-5); The double U-π type stator core module (8) is inlaid with permanent magnet pairs (10), and permanent magnets (11) are attached to the first π type stator teeth (8-3) and the second π type stator teeth (8-4).

2. The axial skew-pole hybrid excitation V-type Halbach permanent magnet flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permanent magnet pair (10) includes a first permanent magnet module (10-1) and a second permanent magnet module (10-2). The first permanent magnet module (10-1) and the second permanent magnet module (10-2) are V-shaped symmetrically embedded between the first U-shaped stator intermediate tooth (8-1) and the second U-shaped stator intermediate tooth (8-2), and are symmetrical about the center position of the double U-π type stator core module (8). The first permanent magnet module (10-1) and the second permanent magnet module (10-2) are magnetized in parallel permanent magnet tangential direction and the magnetization direction is the same; the permanent magnet pairs (10) are arranged in Halbach manner and the magnetization direction of adjacent permanent magnet pairs (10) is opposite.

3. The axial skew-pole hybrid excitation V-type Halbach permanent magnet flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permanent magnet (11) includes a third permanent magnet module (11-1) and a fourth permanent magnet module (11-2). The third permanent magnet module (11-1) is mounted on the first π-type stator tooth (8-3), and the fourth permanent magnet module (11-2) is mounted on the second π-type stator tooth (8-4); the first π-type stator tooth (8-3) and the second π-type stator tooth (8-4) are arranged in a skewed manner on the stator yoke (8-5), and the third permanent magnet module (11-1) and the fourth permanent magnet module (11-2) are also arranged in a skewed manner accordingly; The third permanent magnet module (11-1) and the fourth permanent magnet module (11-2) are axially magnetized, and the magnetization directions of the third permanent magnet module (11-1) and the fourth permanent magnet module (11-2) are opposite.

4. The axial skew-pole hybrid excitation V-type Halbach permanent magnet flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first rotor (2) and the second rotor (4) are respectively provided with 13 rotor teeth (2-1) on one side of the first stator (1) and the second stator (5), and the 13 rotor teeth (2-1) are connected by the rotor yoke (2-2); The rotor teeth (2-1) are trapezoidal teeth. There is an air gap between the rotor teeth (2-1) of the first rotor (2) and the first U-shaped stator intermediate teeth (8-1) of the first stator (1) and the second stator (5). The rotor teeth (2-1) have a wider tooth surface near the air gap and three auxiliary grooves (2-3) are provided on the surface near the air gap along the circumferential direction.

5. The axial skew-pole hybrid excitation V-type Halbach permanent magnet flux switching motor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first rotor (2) and the second rotor (4) are installed at a mechanical angle offset by 13.8 degrees along the axial direction.

6. The axial skew-pole hybrid excitation V-type Halbach permanent magnet flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the excitation winding (6) and the armature winding (7) are concentrated windings.

7. The axial skew-pole hybrid excitation V-type Halbach permanent magnet flux switching motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The excitation winding (6) is wound across the first semi-cylindrical winding slot (8-6) and the second semi-cylindrical winding slot (8-7) on the surfaces of the first U-shaped stator intermediate tooth (8-1) and the second U-shaped stator intermediate tooth (8-2).

8. The axial skew-pole hybrid excitation V-type Halbach permanent magnet flux switching motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The armature winding (7) is wound at the root of the first π-type stator tooth (8-3) and the second π-type stator tooth (8-4), and the armature windings (7) located in the same double U-π-type stator core module (8) are connected in series. Each phase armature winding is composed of four spatially distributed concentrated windings connected in series.

9. The axial skew-pole hybrid excitation V-type Halbach permanent magnet flux switching motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first stator (1), the first rotor (2), the second rotor (4), and the second stator (5) are all made of stacked silicon steel sheets. The magnetic disk (3) and the magnetic shield (9) are made of non-magnetic materials. The first permanent magnet module (10-1), the second permanent magnet module (10-2), the third permanent magnet module (11-1), and the fourth permanent magnet module (11-2) are all made of neodymium iron boron material.

Images