Long-term maintaining method for cotton field diaphous babaskii population based on functional plant combination and space optimization and application of long-term maintaining method for diaphous babaskii population

Abstract

The invention provides a long-term maintaining method for a cotton field diaphous babaskii population based on functional plant combination and space optimization and application of the long-term maintaining method, and belongs to the technical field of biological prevention and control of agricultural pests. According to the method, functional plants are planted in the cotton field in a mode of combining strip planting and functional patch planting; leguminous plants are planted on the periphery of the cotton field in a strip mode to form a plant buffer strip; functional plaques are arranged in a cotton field in a dispersed mode, and compositae plants, umbelliferae plants and cruciferous plants are planted in the functional plaques in a mixed mode. On the basis of functional plant combination and space optimization, after one-time release of the leptosphaeria babaskii, the population is continuously and stably maintained in the cotton field for many years, the field overwintering survival rate is larger than or equal to 71.3%, the parasitism rate to the phenacoccus solenopsis is stabilized to be 80% or above, the natural enemy leptosphaeria babaskii can be effectively used for preventing and controlling the phenacoccus solenopsis in the cotton field, and the pesticide use amount is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application belongs to the technical field of biological control of agricultural pests, and particularly relates to a method for long-term maintenance of A. aegypti population in cotton field based on functional plant combination and space optimization and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0003] Mealybugs are a class of piercing-sucking pests that widely harm agricultural production, including Pseudococcus fabae, Dialeuroides citri, and Pseudococcus spp. This kind of pest lives by sucking sap of crops with nymphs and adults, which not only causes plants to grow slowly, leaves to turn yellow and drop, and fruits to be deformed, but also secretes honeydew to induce soot disease, seriously affecting photosynthesis of crops and product quality, especially for large-scale planting of cotton.

[0004] Currently, chemical pesticides are still the main method for mealybug control. However, long-term and large-scale use of broad-spectrum insecticides not only destroys the balance of farmland ecosystems, causes soil and water pollution, but also makes mealybugs rapidly develop resistance to pesticides, leading to a vicious cycle of more and more pesticides being used and worse and worse control effect. At the same time, while killing mealybugs, chemical pesticides also kill their natural enemies, further weakening the ability of natural pest control and increasing the risk of mealybug outbreak. Therefore, biological control, which is environmentally friendly and sustainable, has become an important direction for green control of mealybugs. As an advantageous parasitic wasp of P. fabae, A. aegypti has a high parasitization rate in the wild and shows good application potential in mealybug control.

[0005] However, although laboratory studies have confirmed the great potential of A. aegypti, there are still some core bottlenecks in its application in the field. The current periodic release mode lacks suitable habitats and resources in the field, resulting in rapid decline of the natural enemy population within 2-3 months after release. At the same time, the pesticide stress of regional chemical control easily leads to population collapse, resulting in an inefficient cycle of "release-decline-releasing". The natural maintenance of A. aegypti population is easily affected by environmental conditions, and it is difficult to form a stable population distribution in large-scale cotton planting areas, which makes it difficult to achieve long-term and stable maintenance of A. aegypti and long-term and global control of mealybugs. Therefore, how to provide a technical method for long-term maintenance of A. aegypti population in cotton field has become a key problem to be solved in the field of biological control of mealybugs in cotton field. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the problems in the prior art, the first object of the present application is to provide a method for long-term maintenance of A. aegypti population in cotton field based on functional plant combination and space optimization.

[0007] The second object of the present application is also to provide application of the above-mentioned method for long-term maintenance of A. aegypti population in cotton field in the control of pests and diseases in cotton field.

[0008] The third object of the present application is also to provide the above-mentioned biological control method of cotton mealybug.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objects, the present application provides the following technical solutions. The present application provides a long-term maintaining method of Cotesia flavipes population in cotton field based on functional plant combination and space optimization, comprising the following steps: planting functional plants in a cotton field by adopting a combination of strip planting and functional patch planting; forming a plant buffer zone in the periphery of the cotton field by adopting strip planting, wherein the functional plants in the strip planting are leguminous plants; and dispersively arranging functional patches in the cotton field, wherein the functional plants in the functional patches are chrysanthemum plants, umbelliferous plants and cruciferous plants.

[0010] Preferably, the leguminous plants are Cassia obtusifolia; the chrysanthemum plants are Aster and Zinnia elegans; the umbelliferous plants are Coriandrum sativum; and the cruciferous plants are Galium aparine.

[0011] Preferably, the chrysanthemum plants, umbelliferous plants and cruciferous plants are mixed in a planting area ratio of 5:2:2.

[0012] Preferably, the plant buffer zone is 1-3 m wide.

[0013] Preferably, the total area of the functional patches is 8-10% of the area of the cotton field; each functional patch is arranged in a circular shape with a diameter of 1.5-2 m, and the distance between the functional patches is ≤50 m.

[0014] Preferably, at least one of the functional plants is in full bloom during the whole growth period of the cotton; and the functional plants are not removed after the cotton is harvested.

[0015] Preferably, the release period of the Cotesia flavipes is the cotton bud stage or the flower and boll stage, and the release amount is 5000-10000 heads / mu.

[0016] Preferably, population quantity monitoring and distribution monitoring are performed during the maintaining period of the Cotesia flavipes population in the cotton field.

[0017] The present application also provides application of the above-mentioned long-term maintaining method of Cotesia flavipes population in the cotton field in the prevention and control of cotton field pests and diseases, wherein the natural enemy of the cotton field pests and diseases is Cotesia flavipes.

[0018] The present application also provides a biological control method of cotton mealybug, comprising the following steps: adopting the long-term maintaining method of Cotesia flavipes population in the cotton field to prevent and control cotton mealybug by using the natural enemy Cotesia flavipes.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solutions of the present application have the following beneficial effects: This invention, based on functional plant combinations and spatial optimization, selects suitable high-volatile functional plants (Asteraceae, Apiaceae, Brassicaceae, and Leguminosae) and configures them in specific proportions. A three-dimensional spatial optimization algorithm is then used to construct an ecological niche network of "banded mosaic-vertical stratification-edge reinforcement." The method described in this invention enables the continuous and stable maintenance of the Benedict's flying wasp population in cotton fields for many years (≥2 years) after a single release. The population remains stable throughout the entire cotton growth period (6-8 months), with a winter survival rate ≥80%, significantly superior to conventional techniques (≤3 months).

[0020] The biological control method for cotton mealybugs described in this invention maintains a population of *Bancrochetes puntii* in cotton fields for a long period, achieving a stable parasitism rate of over 80% for *Bancrochetes puntii* on cotton mealybugs. This effectively utilizes the natural enemy *Bancrochetes puntii* to control cotton mealybugs, reducing pesticide use by more than 41%. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the horizontal spatial configuration of functional plants in a cotton field (top view). Detailed Implementation

[0022] This invention provides a method for long-term maintenance of a cotton field population of *Banner's Jumping Wasp* based on functional plant combinations and spatial optimization, comprising the following steps: planting functional plants in cotton fields using a combination of strip planting and functional patch planting; forming a plant buffer zone around the cotton field using strip planting, wherein the functional plants planted in the strip planting are leguminous plants; and dispersing functional patches within the cotton field, wherein the functional plants planted in the functional patches are asteraceous plants, umbelliferous plants, and cruciferous plants.

[0023] This invention, based on volatile components (β-caryophyllene, α-pinene, etc.), flowering period matching (covering key ecological periods of cotton fields), microclimate regulation capacity (cooling by 3-5℃, increasing humidity by ≥15%), and agronomic compatibility (root competition rate <25%), quantifies the effectiveness of plant combinations using the Chemical Communication Index (CCI), Resource Supply Continuity (RSC), and Resilience Enhancement Index (REI). Functional plant combinations suitable for the long-term maintenance of *Bancrophyton spp.* populations in cotton fields are screened. These functional plant combinations consist of legumes, asteraceae, umbelliferae, and cruciferous plants. The volatile release intensity of the functional plants described in this invention is ≥9.3 μg / h.

[0024] The preferred legume in this invention is Cassia tora; the preferred Asteraceae plant is Aster tataricus and Zinnia elegans; the preferred Apiaceae plant is Coriander; and the preferred Brassicaceae plant is Capsella bursa-pastoris. The functions of the plants in this invention are described below: Asteraceae: Aster ( Aster tataricus ), Zinnia ( Zinnia elegans), as the main functional component in functional patch, with long flowering period (6-10 months) and high release rate of β-caryophyllene and other terpenes (determined by static headspace collection-gas chromatography mass spectrometry, release rate >10 μg / h), which can play a role in directional attraction of A. aegypti.

[0025] Umbelliferae: Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Coriandrum sativum ), as the key detoxification component in functional patch, its root exudates and flavonoids contained in the body can significantly induce the up-regulation of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity in A. aegypti by about 40%, and enhance the metabolic capacity of organophosphorus pesticides.

[0026] Cruciferae: Galium (Galium aparine L.) Capsella bursa-pastoris ), as the early spring connecting component in functional patch, it blooms in early spring (March-April), providing key initial nutrients for A. aegypti adults after overwintering, and making up for the resource gap period before cotton growth.

[0027] Leguminosae: Cassia (Senna siamea Lam.) Cassia tora ), as a microenvironment improvement component, its plant is tall (1-1.5 m) and has dense branches and leaves, which can effectively block strong summer sunlight, reduce the temperature in the middle layer of the canopy by 2-4℃, and increase the humidity by more than 10%, providing an ideal summer shelter for A. aegypti.

[0028] The plant buffer zone in the present application is 1-3 m wide, preferably 2 m. By setting legume plants as plant buffer zones on the periphery of the cotton field (around the field ridge or on both sides of the cotton field operation road), the present application can effectively degrade pesticide residues (can shorten the half-life by 42%) and form an ecological barrier.

[0029] The total area of the functional patch in the present application is 8-10% of the area of the cotton field, preferably 9%. The functional patch in the present application is dispersedly arranged in the cotton field (each cotton field contains multiple functional patches according to the size of the area), to maintain the volatile gradient (0.5-1.2 μg / m 3 ), the smell of all functional patches can uniformly cover the entire cotton field, avoiding the occurrence of control dead angle. Each functional patch in the present application is preferably arranged as a circular plot with a diameter of 1.5-2 m for planting functional plants. Each functional patch in the present application is mixed with plants of the Asteraceae family, the Umbelliferae family and the Cruciferae family, and the planting area ratio of the plants of the Asteraceae family, the Umbelliferae family and the Cruciferae family is 5:2:2. The ratio of Asteraceae plants, such as Aster and Zinnia, in the present application can be adjusted at will, as long as the total planting area ratio of the Asteraceae plants is ensured. As an optional embodiment, the ratio of Aster and Zinnia in the present application can be selected as (0-5):(1-5). The distance between each functional patch in the present application is ≤50 m, which can be selected as 5 m, 10 m, 15 m, 20 m, 25 m, 35 m, 40 m or 45 m.

[0030] The functional plants in the application are arranged in a hierarchical structure, which is divided into lower layer, middle layer and upper layer in vertical direction, wherein the lower layer (0~0.5m) is planted with early flowering plants of Galium aparine and coriander, the Galium aparine can attract overwintering adults, and the coriander can play a detoxification role; the middle layer (0.5~1.2m) is arranged with high volatile plants (zinnia, Aster) as the main behavior guiding layer, which is the main activity and parasitic layer of the Anagasta prostigata; the upper layer (1.2~1.8m) is planted with shade plants (Semicarpus) to construct a high-temperature buffer zone for temperature reduction and humidity regulation, and to provide summer shelter.

[0031] The functional plants in the application are controlled by sowing period to ensure that at least one kind of functional plant is in full bloom in the field from late March to mid-October, and the continuous supply of nectar sources is realized. The growth period of cotton is generally 120~180 days, which can be divided into five core stages: (1) sowing and seedling stage: from "seed germination" to "two leaves one heart", about 7~15 days after sowing; (2) seedling stage: from "two leaves one heart" to "presenting buds", about 30~40 days; (3) bud stage: from "presenting buds" to "flowering", about 25~30 days; (4) flowering and boll stage: from "flowering" to "boll shedding", about 50~60 days; (5) boll shedding stage: from "boll shedding" to "harvesting end", about 30~40 days. The sowing period of the functional plants in the application can be divided according to the growth period of cotton as a standard: the sowing period of the Aster is the initial stage of the seedling stage of cotton growth; the sowing period of the zinnia is during the sowing and seedling stage to the flowering and boll stage of cotton, and each time the sowing can be supplemented again when the flower is 40~60% wilted; the sowing period of the coriander is the seedling stage and the boll shedding stage of the cotton field. In the application, the Semicarpus is a naturally growing plant around the field, and normal growing plants can be selected by appropriate weeding and pruning to form a plant buffer zone around the cotton field. If there is no Semicarpus growing around the field, it can be artificially planted, and the sowing period of artificial planting is not limited; the height of the Semicarpus in the application is preferably pruned to 1~1.5 meters. In the application, the Galium aparine is a naturally growing plant in the field, and normal growing plants can be selected by appropriate weeding to retain the corresponding proportion of Galium aparine in the functional patch area of the cotton field; if there is no Galium aparine growing in the field, it can be artificially planted, and the sowing period of artificial planting is not limited.

[0032] In the application, the functional plants are not removed after the cotton is harvested, and are used to provide habitat and overwintering protection for the Anagasta prostigata. After planting cotton again the next year, if the functional plants are missing, they can be supplemented according to the limited sowing period and planting proportion. In the application, the sowing method of the functional plants can be direct sowing.

[0033] The release period of the Encarsia binkii in the application is preferably the cotton bud stage or the flower and boll stage, and the release amount is 5000-10000 heads / mu, preferably 6000 heads / mu, 7000 heads / mu, 8000 heads / mu or 9000 heads / mu. The application successfully solves the problem of maintaining the field population of Encarsia binkii by integrating the functional plant combination with the three-dimensional space optimized system, and provides a reliable technical solution for realizing the green and sustainable prevention and control of cotton pests. The population of Encarsia binkii can be sustained stably in the cotton field for many years (≥2 years) after one-time release, and there is no need to release every year, and the number of Encarsia binkii in the cotton field is stable during the whole growth period of cotton (6-8 months) every year.

[0034] During the population maintenance period of the Encarsia binkii in the cotton field, dynamic monitoring is preferably carried out, and the dynamic monitoring includes evaluating the population number and distribution by using the fluorescent labeling-recapture technology. As an optional implementation manner, the labeling-recapture technology includes: using nano fluorescent powder to label Encarsia binkii to monitor the diffusion path and optimize the uniformity of population distribution (SDI≥0.8). By molecular monitoring, the genetic diversity index (He) of the population of Encarsia binkii in the cotton field is maintained at a high level of 0.72, and the population does not appear inbreeding depression, and has long-term genetic stability.

[0035] In the technical solution of the application, the horizontal space configuration diagram (top view) of the functional plant in the cotton field is as shown in Figure 1 In the figure, the red circles represent functional patches, the inside of the plant buffer zone on the outside of the functional patches is a cotton planting area, and the dashed line represents the odor uniform coverage area of each functional patch.

[0036] The application also provides application of the long-term maintenance method of the population of Encarsia binkii in the cotton field in the prevention and control of cotton field pests and diseases, and the natural enemy of the cotton field pests and diseases is Encarsia binkii.

[0037] The application also provides a biological control method for cotton mealybugs, which comprises the following steps: using the long-term maintenance method of the population of Encarsia binkii in the cotton field to prevent and control cotton mealybugs by using the natural enemy Encarsia binkii. The biological control method only needs to release Encarsia binkii in the first year, and does not need to release every year, and is suitable for the regions where cotton is planted on a large scale for many years.

[0038] The technical solutions in the application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments in the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0039] In the following examples, if not otherwise specified, all are conventional methods.

[0040] The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained commercially.

[0041] Example 1 A method for long-term maintenance of Cotesia flavipes population in cotton field based on functional plant combination and spatial optimization: Plant / trim Cassia tora on the periphery of the cotton field (around the field ridge or on both sides of the cotton field operation road), set a plant buffer zone with a height of 1 m and a width of 3 m. Dispersely set functional patches in the cotton field, each functional patch is a circular plot with a diameter of 1.5 m, and the functional plants are mixed according to the area ratio of (Aster+Zinnia): Coriander: Galium: 5:2:2. The seeding period of Aster is the initial stage of cotton growth at the seedling stage; the seeding period of Zinnia is from the cotton seedling stage to the flowering and fruiting stage, and each time when the flowers are 40% wilted, re-seed; the seeding period of Coriander is the cotton seedling stage and the picking stage; Galium is reserved in the corresponding proportion when weeding. The distance between each functional patch is 40 m, maintaining a volatile gradient (0.5~1.2 μg / m 3 ), and the total area of all functional patches is 8% of the area of the cotton field. The planting method of functional plants is direct sowing. The release period of Cotesia flavipes is the bud stage of cotton, and the release amount is 5000 heads / mu.

[0042] The economic crop cotton is planted and managed traditionally during the period, and all functional plants are not removed after the cotton is harvested. Cotesia flavipes is not released after the first year. During the period of maintaining the population of Cotesia flavipes in the cotton field, the population quantity and distribution are monitored by using fluorescent marking-capture technology.

[0043] Example 2 A method for long-term maintenance of Cotesia flavipes population in cotton field based on functional plant combination and spatial optimization: Plant / trim Cassia tora on the periphery of the cotton field (around the field ridge or on both sides of the cotton field operation road), set a plant buffer zone with a height of 1.5 m and a width of 1 m. Dispersely set functional patches in the cotton field, each functional patch is a circular plot with a diameter of 2 m, and the functional plants are mixed according to the area ratio of (Aster+Zinnia): Coriander: Galium: 5:2:2. The seeding period of Aster is the initial stage of cotton growth at the seedling stage; the seeding period of Zinnia is from the cotton seedling stage to the flowering and fruiting stage, and each time when the flowers are 60% wilted, re-seed; the seeding period of Coriander is the cotton seedling stage and the picking stage; Galium is reserved in the corresponding proportion when weeding. The distance between each functional patch is 50 m, maintaining a volatile gradient (0.5~1.2 μg / m 3 ), and the total area of all functional patches is 10% of the area of the cotton field. The planting method of functional plants is direct sowing. The release period of Cotesia flavipes is the flowering and fruiting stage, and the release amount is 10000 heads / mu.

[0044] During the period, the economic crop cotton is planted and managed traditionally, and all the functional plants are not removed after the cotton is harvested. The Trichogramma spp. is not released after the first year. During the period of maintaining the population of Trichogramma spp. in the cotton field, the population quantity and distribution are monitored by using the fluorescent marker-recapture technique.

[0045] Example 3 A method for long-term maintenance of the population of Trichogramma spp. in the cotton field based on the combination of functional plants and spatial optimization: The Cassia fistula is planted / pruned in the periphery of the cotton field (around the field ridge or on both sides of the cotton field operation road), and a plant buffer zone with a height of 1.2 m and a width of 2 m is set. The functional patches are dispersedly arranged in the cotton field, each functional patch is a circular plot with a diameter of 1.5 m, and the functional plants are mixed and planted according to the area ratio of (Aster+Zinnia+Coriandrum+Malva) 5:2:2:2. The sowing period of Aster is the initial stage of the cotton growth period; the sowing period of Zinnia is from the sowing and seedling stage of cotton to the flowering and bolling stage, and each time when the flowers are 60% faded, the Zinnia is re-sowed; the sowing period of Coriandrum is the cotton seedling stage and the picking stage; and the Malva is reserved in the corresponding proportion when weeding. The distance between each functional patch is 40 m, the volatile gradient (0.5~1.2 μg / m 3 ), and the total area of all functional patches is 9% of the area of the cotton field. The planting method of the functional plants is direct sowing. The release period of Trichogramma spp. is the cotton bud stage, and the release amount is 6000 heads / mu.

[0046] During the period, the economic crop cotton is planted and managed traditionally, and all the functional plants are not removed after the cotton is harvested. The Trichogramma spp. is not released after the first year. During the period of maintaining the population of Trichogramma spp. in the cotton field, the population quantity and distribution are monitored by using the fluorescent marker-recapture technique.

[0047] Example 4 A biological control method for cotton mealybugs: The Trichogramma spp. is used to control the cotton mealybugs by using the method for long-term maintenance of the population of Trichogramma spp. in the cotton field of Example 1.

[0048] Example 5 A biological control method for cotton mealybugs: The Trichogramma spp. is used to control the cotton mealybugs by using the method for long-term maintenance of the population of Trichogramma spp. in the cotton field of Example 2.

[0049] Example 6 A biological control method for cotton mealybugs: The Trichogramma spp. is used to control the cotton mealybugs by using the method for long-term maintenance of the population of Trichogramma spp. in the cotton field of Example 3.

[0050] Test Example 1 1. Implementation site and conditions: In 2023, the implementation was carried out in a large-scale cotton field in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province (total cotton field area of 50 mu, cotton variety Zhemian 1133). The soil is loam, pH 7.2, and the planting mode is machine-picked cotton with a row spacing of 76 cm.

[0051] 2. Functional plant combination and spatial arrangement: The cotton field is managed in a grid area, and multiple functional units with a diameter of 15-20 meters are divided. A functional plant patch is arranged at the center of each unit, and a plant buffer zone is arranged around the ridge. The specific arrangement method of the functional plant combination is the same as that of Example 3 (release of 6000 individuals / mu of P. gossypii at the cotton bud stage in 2023; no P. gossypii release in 2024).

[0052] 3. Monitoring method: Marking and recapture method: During the whole growth period of cotton, 500-800 individuals of P. gossypii adults are marked with non-toxic fluorescent powder (particle size 5-8 μm) once a month in the core patch area. After 48 hours, recapture is performed at the preset 20 recapture points (covering the center, edge and different vertical heights of the field) using a sucking device. The absolute population is estimated using the Lincoln-Petersen model.

[0053] Harm control efficiency investigation: 100 cotton plants are investigated at fixed points every month, the number of P. gossypii and the number of parasitized individuals are recorded, and the parasitization rate is calculated.

[0054] 4. Implementation effect: The traditional cotton field (without functional plant planting, release of 6000 individuals / mu of P. gossypii at the cotton flower and boll stage in 2023, and release of 7000 individuals / mu of P. gossypii at the cotton bud stage in 2024) is used as the control group, and the population number and density of P. gossypii in the treated group and the control group are monitored for two consecutive years.

[0055] During the two-year monitoring period, the adult population density of P. gossypii in the cotton field implementing the present application was always maintained at a stable level of 3.2-4.8 individuals / m2, while the adult population density and number of P. gossypii in the control group were low, and even in some periods it was difficult to monitor. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0056] Table 1. Absolute population number and density results during the two-year monitoring period

[0057] During the monitoring period of two consecutive years, the field parasitization rate of T. barbirostris on P. gossypii in the cotton field implementing the present application was stable at more than 80% during the whole growth season (May to October), and the highest peak could reach 92%, and the field density of P. gossypii was significantly reduced. The field parasitization rate of T. barbirostris on P. gossypii in the control group was lower, and the density of P. gossypii was higher. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0058] Table 2 Results of P. gossypii quantity and parasitized quantity during May to October

[0059] The above results show that in the method of the present application, the quantity of T. barbirostris in the cotton field is stable during the whole growth period of cotton (6-8 months, from May to early frost before November), which completely covers the main growth period of cotton and the damage period of P. gossypii, and after the establishment of T. barbirostris population, there is no need to release it artificially again, the overwintering survival rate of T. barbirostris is ≥80%, which realizes the continuous and stable maintenance of T. barbirostris population in the cotton field for many years (≥2 years) after one-time release of T. barbirostris, which is significantly better than the conventional technology (≤3 months).

[0060] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, some improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for long-term maintenance of a population of *Banner's jumping wasp* in cotton fields based on functional plant combinations and spatial optimization, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Functional plants are planted in cotton fields using a combination of strip planting and functional patch planting. Strip planting forms a plant buffer zone around the cotton field, and the functional plants planted in the strip planting are leguminous plants. Functional patches are scattered inside the cotton field, and the functional plants planted in the functional patches are asteraceous plants, umbelliferous plants, and cruciferous plants.

2. The method for long-term maintenance of a population of *Banner's jumping wasp* in cotton fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, The legume is Cassia tora; the aster and zinnia are the Asteraceae; the umbelliferae is coriander; and the cruciferous plant is shepherd's purse.

3. The method for long-term maintenance of a population of *Banner's jumping wasp* in cotton fields according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plants of the Asteraceae family, Apiaceae family, and Brassicaceae family are mixed and planted in a ratio of 5:2:

2.

4. The method for long-term maintenance of a population of *Banner's jumping wasp* in cotton fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant buffer zone has a bandwidth of 1-3m.

5. The method for long-term maintenance of a population of *Banner's jumping wasp* in cotton fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total area of ​​the functional patches is 8-10% of the cotton field area; each functional patch is set as a circle with a diameter of 1.5-2m, and the distance between each functional patch is ≤50m.

6. The method for long-term maintenance of a population of *Banner's jumping wasp* in cotton fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, Throughout the entire growth period of cotton, at least one of the functional plants is in full bloom; after cotton harvest, the functional plants are not removed.

7. The method for long-term maintenance of a population of *Banner's jumping wasp* in cotton fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, The release period of the Bancroft wasp is during the cotton bud stage or the flowering and boll-forming stage, and the release rate is 5,000 to 10,000 wasps per acre.

8. The method for long-term maintenance of a population of *Banner's jumping wasp* in cotton fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the maintenance period of the cotton field wasp population, population size and distribution were monitored.

9. The application of the method for long-term maintenance of the cotton field population of *Bancrophyte puntii* as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 in the prevention and control of cotton field diseases and pests, characterized in that... The natural enemy of the cotton field pests and diseases mentioned is the Bancroft wasp.

10. A biological control method for cotton mealybugs, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The method for long-term maintenance of cotton field populations using any one of claims 1 to 8 utilizes the natural enemy, *Bancrochetes puntica*, to control cotton mealybugs.

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