Physical trapping, concentrating and recycling device for carbon dioxide in tail gas

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of gas separation and recovery, in particular to a tail gas carbon dioxide physical trapping, concentrating and recovering device which comprises a base plate with an ingress pipe arranged at the lower end, a fixing ring coaxially fixed to the middle of the upper end of the base plate, two supporting rods fixed to the base plate in the fixing ring, and a cover plate fixed to the two supporting rods. The fixing ring is sleeved with a ring frame containing an adsorbent, the upper end and the lower end of the ring frame are rotationally connected with the base plate and the cover plate in a sealed mode respectively, and a discharging pipe is arranged at the position, corresponding to the guide-in pipe, of the cover plate; a waste heat heating mechanism is arranged on the cover plate towards the interior of the annular frame, and a recycling cavity pipe is arranged at the position, corresponding to the waste heat heating mechanism, of the cover plate; according to the invention, continuous recycling can be realized and waste heat can be utilized at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas separation and recovery, and in particular to a device for physical capture, concentration and recovery of carbon dioxide in exhaust gas. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the domestic energy storage industry has experienced explosive growth. With the continuous expansion of the market for new energy projects such as solar thermal energy storage and heat treatment, the sodium nitrate market, as a key raw material for high-quality energy storage materials—molten salt—is facing a strategic opportunity for rapid development. Therefore, high-quality sodium nitrate products have become a development trend and a necessary condition for high-end market demand.

[0003] Currently, high-quality sodium nitrate is mostly produced using the nitric acid-soda ash process, which can be divided into five core steps: neutralization reaction, deep impurity removal, evaporation and concentration, crystallization separation, and drying and packaging. This process generates carbon dioxide and a large amount of heat. To address the carbon dioxide emissions and achieve carbon dioxide recovery, existing technologies mostly employ carbon dioxide capture equipment, such as a carbon dioxide capture pressure swing adsorption (PSA) tower (CN116440652B). This tower includes a PSA tower with three capture and adsorption mechanisms and three corrosion-resistant mechanisms on its inner side. Two monitoring mechanisms are located at the center of the inner side of the PSA tower. Multiple capture rods are evenly distributed on the inner side of each capture and adsorption mechanism, with one end of each capture rod extending to the center of the inner side of the PSA tower. Multiple adsorbent cotton fibers are evenly distributed on the outer wall of each capture rod. This invention incorporates a trapping and adsorption mechanism. Gas is introduced into the pressure swing adsorption (PSA) tower through an inlet valve. As the gas passes vertically through the tower, it is captured by multiple evenly distributed trapping rods in conjunction with the adsorbent cotton, increasing the capture volume. Furthermore, this facilitates the effective capture of different gases, improving capture efficiency. However, this method cannot achieve continuous recycling and cannot utilize the large amount of waste heat generated during the reaction. Therefore, a device for the physical capture, concentration, and recovery of carbon dioxide from tail gas that can achieve continuous recycling and utilize waste heat is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the existing technical problems, this invention proposes a device for physical capture, concentration and recovery of carbon dioxide in exhaust gas, which can achieve continuous recycling and utilization of waste heat.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A device for physical capture, concentration, and recovery of carbon dioxide in exhaust gas includes a chassis with an inlet pipe at its lower end. A fixing ring is coaxially fixed to the middle of the upper end of the chassis. Two support rods are fixed to the chassis inside the fixing ring, and a cover plate is fixed to the two support rods. A ring frame containing adsorbent is fitted onto the fixing ring. The upper and lower ends of the ring frame are respectively sealed and rotatably connected to the chassis and the cover plate. A discharge pipe is provided on the cover plate corresponding to the inlet pipe. A waste heat heating mechanism is provided in the ring frame through the cover plate, and a recovery chamber is provided on the cover plate corresponding to the waste heat heating mechanism. The driving ring frame carries the adsorbent and rotates continuously, realizing the continuous rotation of the inlet pipe. The continuous replacement of the adsorbent at the corresponding point of the inlet pipe prevents adsorbent saturation at the corresponding points of the inlet and outlet pipes from affecting carbon dioxide capture. At the same time, as the ring frame rotates, the adsorbent adsorbed with carbon dioxide moves to the waste heat heating mechanism. The waste heat heating mechanism absorbs the heat generated by the nitric acid-soda ash reaction and heats the adsorbent, causing carbon dioxide to desorb. The desorbed carbon dioxide is then recovered through the recovery chamber, restoring the adsorbent's adsorption capacity and ensuring that it can move back to the inlet pipe to adsorb and capture carbon dioxide again, thus achieving continuous recycling of the entire device.

[0006] Preferably, the ring frame includes an inner ring sleeve that rotates on a fixed ring, an annular mesh plate fixed at the lower end of the inner ring sleeve, and an outer ring sleeve fixed at the outer end of the annular mesh plate; the inner ring sleeve and the outer ring sleeve form a grid on the inner and outer rings of the annular mesh plate, respectively, forming an annular holding groove for placing the adsorbent.

[0007] Preferably, a power shaft for driving the outer ring sleeve to rotate is rotatably connected between the chassis and the cover plate; the outer ring sleeve is driven to rotate by the power shaft meshing with the gear on the outer ring sleeve, thereby causing the ring frame to rotate carrying the adsorbent.

[0008] Preferably, the waste heat heating mechanism includes multiple arc-shaped cavity plates I with different radii, which are coaxial and evenly spaced. When the ring frame rotates carrying the adsorbent, the multiple arc-shaped cavity plates I slide into the adsorbent to heat it. The heated adsorbent will desorb carbon dioxide, which is then collected through the recovery chamber.

[0009] Preferably, each arc-shaped cavity plate I has a connecting pipe penetrating the cover plate at both ends, and multiple connecting pipes I at the same end are fixed with connecting pipes I; two connecting pipes I are connected to an external heat circulation system, thereby causing the temperature of multiple arc-shaped cavity plates I to rise, thus heating the adsorbent.

[0010] Preferably, the recovery chamber is equipped with a suction fan; a negative pressure is formed in the recovery chamber to draw in and desorb carbon dioxide, thereby improving the carbon dioxide collection efficiency.

[0011] Preferably, the cover plate is provided with multiple arc-shaped cavity plates II of different radii. The multiple arc-shaped cavity plates II are coaxial and evenly spaced. Each arc-shaped cavity plate II has a connecting pipe II penetrating the cover plate at both ends. The upper ends of the multiple connecting pipes II at the same end are all fixed with connecting pipes II. This forms a cooling effect on the adsorbent, ensuring that the adsorbent returns to a low temperature state when it moves to the inlet pipe, thereby ensuring the adsorption and collection efficiency and effect.

[0012] Preferably, the cover plate has a stirring rack extending into the ring frame at the end opposite to the discharge pipe; the adsorbent moved to this location is stirred, thereby turning the adsorbent over, optimizing the conditions for the adsorbent to come into contact with carbon dioxide again, eliminating "dead contact angles", maximizing the effective contact area, and extending the service life of the adsorbent.

[0013] Preferably, the left and right side cover plates of the discharge pipe are symmetrically provided with through holes, and a partition plate slides in each of the two through holes. A horizontal connecting plate is fixed between the two partition plates, and an adjusting screw is rotatably mounted on the horizontal connecting plate. The adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the cover plate. The two partition plates form a barrier to the space above the adsorbent corresponding to the discharge pipe, and the exhaust gas is discharged through the discharge pipe to prevent the exhaust gas passing through the adsorbent from flowing turbulently above the adsorbent and affecting the discharge.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end of the partition is provided with a rubber plate, which can better form a barrier on the upper layer of the adsorbent and prevent the exhaust gas from flowing turbulently above the adsorbent, thus affecting the discharge.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The continuous rotation of the drive ring carrying the adsorbent ensures continuous replacement of the adsorbent at the corresponding point in the inlet pipe, preventing adsorbent saturation at the inlet and outlet pipes from affecting carbon dioxide capture. Simultaneously, as the ring rotates, the adsorbent carrying carbon dioxide moves to the waste heat heating mechanism. Heating by this mechanism causes the adsorbent to desorb carbon dioxide, which is then recovered through the recovery chamber, restoring the adsorbent's adsorption capacity. This ensures the adsorbent can then move back to the inlet pipe for carbon dioxide adsorption and capture, achieving continuous recycling of the entire device. Furthermore, the medium within the waste heat heating mechanism absorbs the heat generated by the nitric acid-soda ash reaction and circulates it to the arc-shaped chamber I to heat the adsorbent, achieving secondary utilization of waste heat. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a device for physical capture, concentration and recovery of carbon dioxide in exhaust gas. Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the chassis and the retaining ring; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the ring frame structure; Figure 5 and Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cover plate, discharge pipe, recovery chamber pipe, arc-shaped chamber plate I, and arc-shaped chamber plate II; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mixing rack structure; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the partition, the cross plate, and the adjusting screw.

[0017] In the picture: 1. Chassis; 2. Fixing ring; 3. Support rod; 4. Inlet pipe; 5. Inner ring sleeve; 6. Annular mesh plate; 7. Outer ring sleeve; 8. Drive shaft; 9. Cover plate; 10. Discharge pipe; 11. Recovery chamber pipe; 12. Connecting pipe I; 13. Connecting pipe II; 14. Arc-shaped chamber plate I; 15. Arc-shaped chamber plate II; 16. Through hole; 17. Stirring rack; 18. Partition plate; 19. Horizontal connecting plate; 20. Adjusting screw; 21. Rubber plate. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0019] Reference Figure 1-8 A device for physical capture, concentration and recovery of carbon dioxide in exhaust gas includes a chassis 1 with an inlet pipe 4 at the lower end, a fixing ring 2 coaxially fixed at the middle of the upper end of the chassis 1, two support rods 3 fixed inside the chassis 1, a cover plate 9 fixed on the two support rods 3, a ring frame containing adsorbent fitted on the fixing ring 2, the upper and lower ends of the ring frame being sealed and rotatably connected to the chassis 1 and the cover plate 9 respectively, an outlet pipe 10 is provided on the cover plate 9 corresponding to the inlet pipe 4, a waste heat heating mechanism is provided in the ring frame from the cover plate 9, and a recovery chamber pipe 11 is provided at the cover plate 9 corresponding to the waste heat heating mechanism; In use, the exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide and dried is connected to the inlet pipe 4, allowing the exhaust gas to enter between the chassis 1 and the cover plate 9 through the inlet pipe 4. After passing through the ring frame and the adsorbent inside, it is discharged through the discharge pipe 10. When passing through the adsorbent, the adsorbent adsorbs the carbon dioxide, thus capturing the carbon dioxide. During this process, the drive ring frame carries the adsorbent and rotates continuously, realizing the continuous replacement of the adsorbent at the corresponding position of the inlet pipe 4, avoiding the saturation of the adsorbent at the corresponding positions of the inlet pipe 4 and the discharge pipe 10, which would affect the capture of carbon dioxide. At the same time, as the ring frame rotates, the adsorbent containing carbon dioxide moves to the waste heat heating mechanism. The waste heat heating mechanism heats the adsorbent, causing the adsorbent to desorb the carbon dioxide. The desorbed carbon dioxide is then recovered through the recovery chamber pipe 11, restoring the adsorbent's adsorption capacity and ensuring that it can move back to the inlet pipe 4 to adsorb and capture carbon dioxide again, realizing the continuous recycling of the entire device. The adsorbent can be ordered mesoporous carbon, porous carbon, solid amine, or other adsorbent materials that can adsorb at low temperatures and desorb at high temperatures; the cover plate 9 and the two support rods 3 are detachably connected by bolts, which facilitates the replacement or adjustment of the adsorbent.

[0020] Reference Figure 4 The ring frame includes an inner ring sleeve 5 that rotates on a fixed ring 2, an annular mesh plate 6 that is fixed at the lower end of the inner ring sleeve 5, and an outer ring sleeve 7 that is fixed at the outer end of the annular mesh plate 6. The inner ring 5 and the outer ring 7 form a grid on the inner and outer rings of the annular mesh plate 6, respectively, forming an annular holding trough for placing the adsorbent. After the exhaust gas enters between the chassis 1 and the cover plate 9 through the inlet pipe 4, it will come into contact with the adsorbent through the mesh on the annular mesh plate 6 to achieve adsorption and capture.

[0021] Among them, the lower end face of the annular mesh plate 6 slides in contact with the chassis 1, ensuring that the exhaust gas can only enter the ring frame through the mesh holes on the annular mesh plate 6 at the corresponding position of the inlet pipe 4; the upper and lower ends of the inner ring sleeve 5 and the outer ring sleeve 7 are sealed with the cover plate 9 and the chassis 1 respectively by sealing rings.

[0022] Furthermore, a power shaft 8 for driving the outer ring sleeve 7 to rotate is rotatably connected between the chassis 1 and the cover plate 9. A first motor is installed on the cover plate 9 to drive the power shaft 8 to rotate. The power shaft 8 meshes with the gear on the outer ring sleeve 7 to drive the outer ring sleeve 7 to rotate, thereby causing the ring frame to rotate carrying the adsorbent.

[0023] Reference Figure 5-6 The waste heat heating mechanism includes multiple arc-shaped cavity plates I14 with different radii, and the multiple arc-shaped cavity plates I14 are coaxial and evenly spaced. As the ring frame rotates carrying the adsorbent, the adsorbent that has completed adsorption at the inlet tube 4 will move to multiple arc-shaped chamber plates I14, causing the multiple arc-shaped chamber plates I14 to slide into the adsorbent and be evenly distributed within the adsorbent to heat it. The heated adsorbent will desorb carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide will be collected through the recovery chamber tube 11.

[0024] Furthermore, each arc-shaped cavity plate I14 has a connecting pipe that penetrates the cover plate 9 at both ends, and multiple connecting pipes I at the same end are fixed with connecting pipes I12. Two connecting pipes I12 are connected to the thermal circulation system. The thermal circulation system sends the high-temperature medium into the inner cavity of multiple arc-shaped cavity plates I14 through one of the connecting pipes I12, and then returns it to the thermal circulation system through the other connecting pipe I12, thereby causing the temperature of the multiple arc-shaped cavity plates I14 to rise, thus heating the adsorbent. By introducing a heating medium into multiple arc-shaped cavity plates I14 to raise their temperature, it is possible to ensure that the multiple arc-shaped cavity plates I14 have the same temperature, resulting in uniform temperature change in the direction of adsorbent movement and ensuring heating effect.

[0025] It should be noted that the thermal circulation system includes a heat medium tank surrounding the outside of the nitric acid and soda ash reaction furnace and a circulating heat pump. The medium in the heat medium tank absorbs the heat generated by the reaction of nitric acid and soda ash, preventing the temperature of the reaction system from rising significantly and affecting the reaction. At the same time, the circulating heat pump uses the medium that has absorbed the heat of the reaction to send it to multiple arc-shaped cavity plates I14 to heat the adsorbent. After the medium cools down, it is circulated back into the medium tank to absorb the heat of the reaction again, thus making secondary use of the waste heat generated by the reaction of nitric acid and soda ash. The circulating heat pump can also provide auxiliary heating to the medium, ensuring that the multiple arc-shaped cavity plates I heat the adsorbent to the desorption temperature.

[0026] Furthermore, an air intake fan is provided inside the recovery chamber 11; By setting up an air intake fan, a negative pressure is created in the recovery chamber 11 to draw in and desorb carbon dioxide, thereby improving the carbon dioxide collection efficiency.

[0027] Furthermore, the cover plate 9 is provided with multiple arc-shaped cavity plates II 15 of different radii. The multiple arc-shaped cavity plates II 15 are coaxial and evenly spaced. Each arc-shaped cavity plate II 15 has a connecting pipe II penetrating the cover plate 9 at both ends. The upper ends of the multiple connecting pipes II at the same end are all fixed with connecting pipes II 13. After the adsorbent is heated by the waste heat heating mechanism to complete desorption, it remains at a high temperature as it continues to move with the ring frame. To prevent the adsorbent from remaining at a high temperature when it reaches the inlet pipe 4, thus affecting the adsorption effect, multiple arc-shaped cavity plates II15 are installed. Two connecting pipes II13 are connected to an external cold circulation system. The cold circulation system sends a low-temperature medium into the inner cavity of the multiple arc-shaped cavity plates II15 through one of the connecting pipes II13, and then returns it to the cold circulation system through the other connecting pipe. This results in a temperature reduction in the multiple arc-shaped cavity plates II15, thereby cooling the adsorbent and ensuring that it returns to a low-temperature state when it reaches the inlet pipe 4, thus ensuring the adsorption and collection efficiency and effect.

[0028] It should be noted that the cold circulation system includes a cold medium tank and a circulation pump. The circulation pump introduces the cold medium into multiple arc-shaped cavity plates II15 and then returns it to the cold medium tank, forming a circulating flow of the cold medium to cool the adsorbent at the multiple arc-shaped cavity plates II15. The hot circulation system and the cold circulation system are both external devices and are not shown in the figure.

[0029] Reference Figure 7 The cover plate 9 has a stirring rack 17 that extends into the ring frame and rotates at the end opposite to the discharge pipe 10. The second motor installed on the cover plate 9 drives the stirring rack 17 to stir the adsorbent that has moved to that location, thereby turning the adsorbent over, optimizing the conditions for the adsorbent to come into contact with carbon dioxide again, eliminating "dead contact angles", maximizing the effective contact area, and extending the service life of the adsorbent. It should be noted that the stirring rack 17 consists of a stirring shaft and a spiral plate fixed on the stirring shaft. By driving the spiral plate to rotate, the adsorbent located in the lower layer can be moved to the upper layer. The spiral plate has multiple notches evenly provided on its outer edge, thereby preventing the spiral plate from hindering the movement of the adsorbent with the ring rack.

[0030] Reference Figure 6 and 8 The left and right side cover plates 9 of the discharge pipe 10 are symmetrically provided with through holes 16. Each of the two through holes 16 has a partition 18 sliding inside it. A horizontal connecting plate 19 is fixed between the two partition plates 18. An adjusting screw 20 is rotatably mounted on the horizontal connecting plate 19. The adjusting screw 20 is threadedly connected to the cover plate 9. Two baffles 18 can be inserted between the inner ring 5 and the outer ring 7 and contact the upper end face of the adsorbent to form a barrier to the space above the adsorbent corresponding to the discharge pipe 10. This allows the exhaust gas to enter between the two baffles 18 after passing through the adsorbent and then be discharged through the discharge pipe 10, thus preventing the exhaust gas from flowing turbulently above the adsorbent and affecting the discharge. It should be noted that, in order to ensure efficient adsorption and collection, the thickness of the adsorbent will correspond to the carbon dioxide content in the exhaust gas. This avoids the situation where too much adsorbent affects the desorption and collection, or too little adsorbent causes incomplete carbon dioxide adsorption after saturation. Furthermore, by rotating the adjusting screw 20, the two partitions 18 can be raised and lowered synchronously by the transverse connecting plate 19 through the threaded engagement, adapting to different thicknesses of the adsorbent.

[0031] Furthermore, a rubber plate 21 is provided at the lower end of the partition 18; By having the rubber plate 21 come into contact with the adsorbent, and by utilizing the soft and easily deformable properties of the rubber plate 21, a better barrier can be formed on the upper layer of the adsorbent, preventing the exhaust gas from flowing turbulently above the adsorbent and affecting the discharge.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for physical capture, concentration, and recovery of carbon dioxide in exhaust gas, characterized in that, The chassis (1) includes an inlet pipe (4) at the lower end. A fixing ring (2) is coaxially fixed in the middle of the upper end of the chassis (1). Two support rods (3) are fixed inside the chassis (1) of the fixing ring (2). A cover plate (9) is fixed on the two support rods (3). A ring frame containing adsorbent is sleeved on the fixing ring (2). The upper and lower ends of the ring frame are respectively sealed and rotatably connected to the chassis (1) and the cover plate (9). A discharge pipe (10) is provided on the cover plate (9) corresponding to the inlet pipe (4). A waste heat heating mechanism is provided in the ring frame through the cover plate (9). A recovery chamber pipe (11) is provided at the cover plate (9) corresponding to the waste heat heating mechanism.

2. The exhaust gas carbon dioxide physical capture, concentration and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring frame includes an inner ring sleeve (5) that rotates on a fixed ring (2), with an annular mesh plate (6) fixed at the lower end of the inner ring sleeve (5) and an outer ring sleeve (7) fixed at the outer end of the annular mesh plate (6).

3. The exhaust gas carbon dioxide physical capture, concentration, and recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A power shaft (8) for driving the outer ring sleeve (7) to rotate is rotatably between the chassis (1) and the cover plate (9).

4. The exhaust gas carbon dioxide physical capture, concentration and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste heat heating mechanism includes multiple arc-shaped cavity plates I (14) with different radii, and the multiple arc-shaped cavity plates I (14) are coaxial and evenly spaced.

5. The exhaust gas carbon dioxide physical capture, concentration and recovery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each arc-shaped cavity plate I (14) has a connecting pipe that passes through the cover plate (9) at both ends, and multiple connecting pipes I at the same end are fixed with connecting pipes I (12).

6. The exhaust gas carbon dioxide physical capture, concentration and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The recovery chamber (11) is equipped with an air intake fan.

7. The exhaust gas carbon dioxide physical capture, concentration and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate (9) is provided with multiple arc-shaped cavity plates II (15) of different radii. The multiple arc-shaped cavity plates II (15) are coaxial and evenly spaced. Each arc-shaped cavity plate II (15) has a connecting pipe II penetrating the cover plate (9) at both ends. The upper ends of the multiple connecting pipes II at the same end are all fixed with connecting pipes II (13).

8. The exhaust gas carbon dioxide physical capture, concentration and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate (9) has a stirring rack (17) that rotates to the ring frame at the end opposite to the discharge pipe (10).

9. The exhaust gas carbon dioxide physical capture, concentration and recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge pipe (10) has symmetrical through holes (16) on the left and right side cover plates (9). There are partitions (18) sliding in both through holes (16). A horizontal connecting plate (19) is fixed between the two partitions (18). An adjusting screw (20) rotates on the horizontal connecting plate (19). The adjusting screw (20) is threadedly connected to the cover plate (9).

10. The exhaust gas carbon dioxide physical capture, concentration and recovery device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The lower end of the partition (18) is provided with a rubber plate (21).

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