Integrated screening and drying system and method for dangerous materials

Abstract

The system comprises a rotary vibration screening box, a feeding port is formed in a top plate of the rotary vibration screening box and communicates with a feeding hopper, a spraying mechanism is arranged on the upper portion in the rotary vibration screening box, and a first screen used for screening large particles is horizontally arranged below the spraying mechanism; a second filter screen is obliquely arranged below the first screen, and a vibration motor is installed at the bottom of the rotary vibration screening box. An oversize product discharge hole is formed in the side wall of the rotary vibration screening box above the first screen; a screen underflow discharge hole is formed in the side wall of the rotary vibration screening box between the first screen mesh and the second screen mesh; and a hot air drying opening is formed in the side wall of the rotary vibration screening box below the first screen. Rotary vibration screening, spraying and drying are integrated, continuity of the material water screening and drying process is achieved, and the screening safety of dangerous materials is improved; a plurality of magnet screens are arranged, so that metal impurities in the materials can be removed; and cyclic utilization of water resources is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of material screening technology, specifically relating to an integrated screening and drying system and method for hazardous materials. Background Technology

[0002] Hazardous materials generally have high electrostatic or triboelectric sensitivity. During screening, friction between materials with poor conductivity can easily generate static electricity, which can lead to combustion and explosion when a certain threshold is reached. Existing screening equipment for hazardous materials often suffers from problems such as insufficient explosion-proof design, low screening efficiency, and inadequate dust control.

[0003] The existing material screening and drying processes have the following main defects: traditional drying equipment and screening devices usually operate independently, which requires multiple material transfers, resulting in high energy consumption and pollution risks; the lack of explosion-proof design or process explosion-proof optimization makes it easy for hazardous materials to explode due to frictional sparks or dust accumulation during screening; most equipment relies on manual adjustment of feeding speed and screening parameters, which cannot respond in real time to changes in material moisture content and particle size distribution, resulting in poor product consistency, which urgently needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the defects and deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated screening and drying system and method for hazardous materials, so as to solve the technical problems of poor product quality consistency and insufficient safety in the existing screening and drying processes for hazardous materials.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An integrated screening and drying system for hazardous materials includes a rotary vibrating screen box. A feed inlet is provided on the top plate of the rotary vibrating screen box, which is connected to a feed hopper. A spraying mechanism is provided in the upper part of the rotary vibrating screen box. A first screen for screening large particles is horizontally arranged below the spraying mechanism. A second filter screen is inclinedly arranged below the first screen screen. A vibration motor is installed at the bottom of the rotary vibrating screen box. The vibrating screening box above the first screen is provided with an oversize discharge port; the vibrating screening box between the first screen and the second screen is provided with an undersize discharge port; and the vibrating screening box below the first screen is provided with a hot air drying port.

[0006] The present invention also has the following technical features: Specifically, the spraying mechanism includes a main spraying pipe installed inside the vibrating screen box, with multiple spraying branch pipes connected to the main spraying pipe, and multiple spray nozzles spaced apart at the ends of the spraying branch pipes away from the main spraying pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, a filter water tank is provided on one side of the vibrating screen box, and a filter water tank outlet is provided on the top plate of the filter water tank. A water supply pipe for the vibrating screen box is connected to the water supply outlet of the filter water tank, and one end of the water supply pipe for the vibrating screen box extends into the vibrating screen box and is connected to the spray main pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the top plate of the vibrating screen box is provided with multiple observation windows; a hot air blower for blowing hot air into the vibrating screen box is connected to the hot air drying port.

[0009] Furthermore, the aperture of the first screen is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm, and the aperture of the second screen is less than or equal to 0.1 mm. The second screen includes a screen body, on which a rotating shaft is radially threaded, and both ends of the rotating shaft are connected to the inner wall of the vibrating screening box; Multiple microwave moisture detectors are spaced apart along the axial direction on the rotating shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, a first magnetic screen is horizontally arranged inside the feed inlet, a second magnetic screen is horizontally arranged inside the oversize discharge outlet, and a third magnetic screen is horizontally arranged inside the undersize discharge outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, a drain outlet is provided on the bottom plate of the vibrating screen box, and a drain pipe is connected to the drain outlet. The other end of the drain pipe is connected to the water inlet of the water filter tank on the top plate of the water filter tank. A filter screen is vertically installed inside the water filter tank, and the filter screen is located between the water inlet and the water outlet of the water filter tank.

[0012] Furthermore, the feed hopper is connected to the feed inlet via a feed pipe, and the feed inlet is equipped with a pneumatic clamp valve for controlling the opening and closing of the feed pipe; a polarizing block is also provided below the vibrating motor.

[0013] This invention also protects an integrated screening and drying method for hazardous materials, which is implemented using the aforementioned integrated screening and drying system for hazardous materials and includes the following steps: Step 1: Set system parameters, start the spray system, close the undersize material outlet, and add material into the vibrating screen box through the feed hopper; Step 2: Turn on the vibrating motor to perform screening. During the screening process, impurities and large-sized materials are discharged from the oversize discharge port; small-sized materials fall onto the second screen. Step 3: After feeding, observe the screening through the observation window. After the material on the first screen is screened, turn off the spray system and turn on the hot air blower to dry the material. Step 4: Detect the real-time moisture content of the material during the drying process using a microwave moisture sensor. Once the detected real-time moisture content is less than the set value, turn off the hot air blower and open the undersize discharge port. Small-sized materials are discharged from the undersize discharge port, and the screened material is collected.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 1, the average particle size of the hazardous material is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm, and the parameters include feeding speed, screening speed, water spray volume, and air supply volume. The feeding speed is 90~120 kg / h, the screening speed is 90~120 kg / h, the water spray volume is 10~20 kg / h, and the air supply volume is 500~1000 m³ / h; in step 4, the set value is 3%. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The system of the present invention integrates vibratory screening with spraying and drying through structural design, realizing the continuity of material water screening and drying processes, and improving the screening safety of hazardous materials; magnetic screens are installed at the feed inlet, the oversize discharge outlet, and the undersize discharge outlet, which is beneficial for removing metal impurities in the material. After the water containing fine powder enters the filter tank, the powder is filtered in the filter tank, and the water is pumped back to the inlet pipe for recycling, reducing water resource utilization.

[0015] (2) The method of the present invention realizes continuous and highly safe operation, and breaks through the limitations of traditional processes in dust control, electrostatic safety of screening and synergistic efficiency of process continuity. It is especially suitable for high-risk scenarios such as flammable metal powders and energetic solid particles. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first magnetic screen structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second filter structure.

[0017] The labels in the diagram represent: 1-Vibrating screen box; 2-Feed hopper; 3-Spraying mechanism; 4-First screen; 5-Second screen; 6-Vibrating motor; 7-Oversize material outlet; 8-Undersize material outlet; 9-Water supply pipe for vibrating screen box; 10-Hot air blower; 11-First magnetic screen; 12-Second magnetic screen; 13-Third magnetic screen; 14-Drainage pipe; 15-Feed pipe; 16-Pneumatic clamp valve; 17-Polarizing block; 18-Filter water tank; 19-Mounting bracket; 101-Observation window; 301-Spraying main pipe; 302-Spraying branch pipe; 303-Spray head; 1801-Filter screen.

[0018] The specific content of the present invention will be further explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent modifications made based on the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] The terms “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “top,” and “bottom” used in this invention refer to orientations or positional relationships only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. “Inner” and “outer” refer to the inner and outer contours of the corresponding components, and the above terms should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0021] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and other ordinal numbers are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0022] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; they can refer to mechanical connection or electrical connection; they can refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] The technical terms involved in this invention are explained below: Hazardous materials refer to materials that may ignite or explode during the screening process due to frictional heat or static electricity, heat accumulation, and static electricity accumulation, such as sulfur, ammonium perchlorate, plastic granules, and metal powders.

[0024] Large-size materials: refers to materials with a particle size of 3mm or more.

[0025] Small-sized materials: refers to materials with a particle size of less than 3mm.

[0026] Example 1 This embodiment discloses an integrated screening and drying system for hazardous materials, including a vibrating screen box 11. A feed inlet is provided on the top plate of the vibrating screen box 11, and the feed inlet is connected to a feed hopper 2. In this embodiment, the feed hopper 2 is fixedly installed on a mounting frame 19, and rollers are provided at the bottom of the mounting frame 19, allowing the feed hopper 2 to move with the installation, making it convenient to use. A solute space is formed at the bottom of the mounting frame, and the vibrating screen box 1 is placed within this space. The vibrating screen box 1 has a fully enclosed structure to prevent liquid leakage and dust dispersion. A spray mechanism 3 is provided in the upper part of the vibrating screen box 1, which can spray water to wet the material, thereby reducing frictional static electricity during screening. A first screen 4 for screening large particles is horizontally arranged below the spraying mechanism 3. A second filter screen 5 is inclinedly arranged below the first screen 4. A vibrating motor 6 is installed at the bottom of the rotary vibrating screening box 1. The vibrating motor 6 can generate excitation force, causing the rotary vibrating screening box 1 and the screen to produce continuous, approximately three-dimensional (rotational motion is converted into three-dimensional composite motion of horizontal, vertical and inclined) rotary vibration. This allows the material to undergo multiple movements such as diffusion, conveying, stratification and screening in the rotary vibrating screening box at the same time, and finally achieves efficient separation of materials of different particle sizes. Specifically, the side wall of the rotary vibrating screening box 1 above the first screen 4 is provided with an oversize discharge port 7. During the screening process, large-sized materials are discharged from the oversize discharge port with the help of vibration. The side wall of the rotary vibrating screening box 1 between the first screen 4 and the second screen is provided with an undersize discharge port 8. Other materials fall from the first screen 4 onto the second screen during the vibration process, and are finally discharged from the undersize discharge port 8 with the help of vibration.

[0027] A hot air drying port is provided on the side wall of the vibrating screen box 1 below the first screen 4. Hot air can be sent into the vibrating screen box 1 through the hot air drying port. The hot air temperature range is 60~85℃. The material that has been screened in the vibrating screen box 1 is dried.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the spraying mechanism 3 includes a spraying main pipe 301 disposed in the vibrating screen box 1. Multiple spraying branch pipes 302 are connected to the spraying main pipe 301. Multiple nozzles 303 are spaced apart at the ends of the spraying branch pipes 302 away from the spraying main pipe 301, so that the multiple nozzles can spray water into the entire vibrating screen box 1. This ensures that all materials can come into contact with water during the vibrating screening process, which greatly improves the processing effect.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, a filter water tank 18 is provided on one side of the vibrating screen box 1. A filter water tank outlet is provided on the top plate of the filter water tank 18. A vibrating screen box water supply pipe 9 is connected to the filter water tank outlet. One end of the vibrating screen box water supply pipe 9 extends into the vibrating screen box 1 and is connected to the spray main pipe 301.

[0030] Water from the filter tank 18 enters the vibrating screen 1 through the water supply pipe 9 and is evenly sprayed inside the vibrating screen 1, allowing the water and materials to come into full contact and effectively remove dust. Then, the water flows back into the filter tank 18 through the drain outlet, thus recycling the water used by the device. This not only reduces resource waste but also lowers processing costs, resulting in better performance.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, the top plate of the vibrating screen box 1 is provided with multiple observation windows 101; a hot air blower 10 for blowing hot air into the vibrating screen box 1 is connected to the hot air drying port; the second screen 5 includes a screen body 51, a rotating shaft 52 is radially inserted on the screen body 51, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 52 are connected to the inner wall of the vibrating screen box 1; multiple microwave moisture detectors 53 are axially spaced on the rotating shaft 52, and the microwave moisture detectors 53 are used to detect the moisture content in the material.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, the first screen 4 has a screen aperture of 20 mesh, and the second screen 5 has a screen aperture of 100 mesh.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, a first magnetic screen 11 is horizontally arranged inside the feed inlet, a second magnetic screen 12 is horizontally arranged inside the oversize discharge outlet 7, and a third magnetic screen 13 is horizontally arranged inside the undersize discharge outlet 8. The first magnetic screen 11, the second magnetic screen 12, and the third magnetic screen 13 are all used to remove metal impurities from the material.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, a drain outlet is provided on the bottom plate of the vibrating screen box 1, and a drain pipe 14 is connected to the drain outlet. The other end of the drain pipe 14 is connected to the water inlet of the water filter tank on the top plate of the water filter tank 18. A filter screen 1801 is vertically arranged inside the water filter tank 18, and the filter screen 1801 is located between the water inlet and the water outlet of the water filter tank.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, the feeding hopper 2 is connected to the feeding port through the feeding pipe 15. The feeding pipe 15 is equipped with a pneumatic clamp valve 16 for controlling the opening and closing of the feeding pipe. A polarization block 17 is also provided below the vibrating motor 6. Multiple microwave moisture detectors are also provided in the rotary vibrating screen box 1 for real-time detection of moisture in the material. Based on the detection results, the moisture content of the material and the drying end time can be determined, which improves the accuracy of the process.

[0036] Example 2 This embodiment discloses an integrated screening and drying method for hazardous materials. This method is implemented using the integrated screening and drying system for hazardous materials disclosed in Embodiment 1, and is used for screening and drying ammonium perchlorate with an average particle size greater than or equal to 0.3 mm. The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Open the spray system 3, close the undersize material outlet 8, and add material into the vibrating screen box 1 through the feed hopper 2. The feeding speed is 100kg / h. During the feeding process, the metal impurities in the material are intercepted by the first magnetic screen during the discharge process. By spraying, the material is moistened and agglomerated, which greatly reduces the generation and dispersion of fine dust, lowers the activity of the material and the screening temperature, eliminates static electricity between material particles and improves the flowability of the material, fundamentally preventing and reducing the risk of fire and explosion, thereby effectively improving the safety of screening.

[0037] Specifically, the system parameters include feeding speed, screening speed, water spray volume, and air supply volume. Specifically, the feeding speed is 100 kg / h, the screening speed is 100 kg / h, the water spray volume is 15 kg / h, and the air supply volume is 700 m³ / h. 3 / h.

[0038] Step 2: Turn on the vibrating motor 6 to perform screening. During the screening process, the spray system wets the material. Impurities and large-sized materials with a particle size of 3mm or more are discharged from the oversize discharge port 7; small-sized materials with a particle size of less than 3mm fall onto the second screen. Step 3: After all the material is added to the vibrating screen box 1, observe the screening process through the observation window. After the material on the first screen 4 is screened, turn off the spray system and turn on the hot air blower to dry the material. Through drying, in a safe environment (the material is already wet at this time, and there is no risk of dust explosion), the moisture in the material can be removed by a controllable heating method, and the moisture content of the material can be controlled within the qualified range to ensure that the material meets the production or use standards.

[0039] Step 4: Detect the real-time moisture content of the material during the drying process using a microwave moisture sensor. Once the detected real-time moisture content is less than the set value, turn off the hot air blower and open the undersize discharge port 8. Small-sized materials are discharged from the undersize discharge port 8, and the screened material is collected.

[0040] In this embodiment, the set value is 3%, that is, the material is dried until the moisture content is less than 3%.

[0041] In summary, this invention integrates vibratory screening with spraying and drying through structural design, achieving continuity in material screening and drying processes and improving the safety of screening hazardous materials. Magnetic screens are installed at the feed inlet, the oversize discharge outlet, and the undersize discharge outlet, which helps remove metal impurities from the material. After the water containing fine powder enters the filter tank, the powder is filtered out in the filter tank, and the water is pumped back to the inlet pipe for recycling, reducing water resource consumption.

[0042] The specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, and should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated screening and drying system for hazardous materials, comprising a vibrating screen box (1), wherein a feed inlet is provided on the top plate of the vibrating screen box (1), and the feed inlet is connected to a feed hopper (2), characterized in that, The upper part of the rotary vibrating screening box (1) is provided with a spraying mechanism (3), and a first screen (4) for screening large particles is horizontally arranged below the spraying mechanism (3). A second filter screen (5) is inclinedly arranged below the first screen (4). A vibration motor (6) is installed at the bottom of the rotary vibrating screening box (1). The vibrating screening box (1) above the first screen (4) is provided with a screen discharge port (7); the vibrating screening box (1) between the first screen (4) and the second screen is provided with a screen discharge port (8); the vibrating screening box (1) below the first screen (4) is provided with a hot air drying port.

2. The integrated screening and drying system for hazardous materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The spraying mechanism (3) includes a spraying main pipe (301) installed in the vibrating screen box (1), and multiple spraying branch pipes (302) are connected to the spraying main pipe (301). Multiple nozzles (303) are spaced apart at one end of the spraying branch pipe (302) away from the spraying main pipe (301).

3. The integrated screening and drying system for hazardous materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A filter water tank (18) is provided on one side of the vibrating screen box (1). A filter water tank outlet is provided on the top plate of the filter water tank (18). A vibrating screen box water supply pipe (9) is connected to the filter water tank outlet. One end of the vibrating screen box water supply pipe (9) extends into the vibrating screen box (1) and is connected to the spray header pipe (301).

4. The integrated screening and drying system for hazardous materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top plate of the vibrating screen box (1) is provided with multiple observation windows (101); the hot air drying port is connected to a hot air blower (10) for blowing hot air into the vibrating screen box (1).

5. The integrated screening and drying system for hazardous materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture of the first screen (4) is greater than 0.3 mm, and the aperture of the second screen (5) is less than or equal to 0.1 mm; The second screen (5) includes a screen body (51), on which a rotating shaft (52) is radially inserted, and both ends of the rotating shaft (52) are connected to the inner wall of the vibrating screening box (1); Multiple microwave moisture detectors (53) are spaced apart along the axial direction on the rotating shaft (52).

6. The integrated screening and drying system for hazardous materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The feed inlet is provided with a first magnetic screen (11) arranged horizontally inside, the oversize discharge port (7) is provided with a second magnetic screen (12) arranged horizontally inside, and the undersize discharge port (8) is provided with a third magnetic screen (13) arranged horizontally inside.

7. The integrated screening and drying system for hazardous materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom plate of the vibrating screen box (1) is provided with a drain outlet, and a drain pipe (14) is connected to the drain outlet. The other end of the drain pipe (14) is connected to the water inlet of the water filter tank on the top plate of the water filter tank (18). A filter screen (1801) is vertically installed inside the water filter tank (18), and the filter screen (1801) is located between the water inlet and the water outlet of the water filter tank.

8. The integrated screening and drying system for hazardous materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding hopper (2) is connected to the feeding port through the feeding pipe (15). The feeding pipe (15) is equipped with a pneumatic clamp valve (16) for controlling the opening and closing of the feeding pipe. A polarizing block (17) is also provided below the vibration motor (6).

9. An integrated screening and drying method for hazardous materials, characterized in that, This method is implemented using an integrated screening and drying system for hazardous materials as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Set system parameters, start the spray system (3), close the undersize material outlet (8), and add material into the vibrating screen box (1) through the feed hopper (2); Step 2: Turn on the vibrating motor (6) to screen. During the screening process, impurities and large-sized materials are discharged from the oversize discharge port (7); small-sized materials fall onto the second screen. Step 3: After feeding, observe the screening through the observation window (101). After the material on the first screen (4) is screened, turn off the spray system (3) and turn on the hot air blower to dry the material. Step 4: Detect the real-time moisture content of the material during the drying process using a microwave moisture sensor. Once the detected real-time moisture content is less than the set value, turn off the hot air blower (10) and open the undersize discharge port (8). Small-sized materials are discharged from the undersize discharge port (8), and the screened material is collected. The hazardous materials include sulfur, ammonium perchlorate, and plastic granules.

10. The integrated screening and drying method for hazardous materials as described in claim 9, characterized in that, In step 1, the average particle size of the hazardous material is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm, and the parameters include feeding speed, screening speed, water spray volume, and air supply volume. The feeding speed is 90~120 kg / h, the screening speed is 90~120 kg / h, the water spray volume is 10~20 kg / h, and the air supply volume is 500~1000 m³ / h. In step 4, the set value is 3%.

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