Power conversion connector and electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an electricity conversion connector and an electric automobile, and relates to the technical field of electricity conversion connectors, the electricity conversion connector comprises an electricity conversion plug and an electricity conversion socket, the electricity conversion plug is used for being installed on a power battery, the electricity conversion plug is provided with a low-voltage plug assembly and a high-voltage plug assembly, and the high-voltage plug assembly is used for being electrically connected with the power battery; the battery replacing plugs are symmetrically arranged in the X direction and the Y direction, the low-voltage plug assembly is used for being in signal connection with a battery management controller in a power battery, the battery replacing socket is used for being installed on a whole vehicle body, the battery replacing socket is provided with a low-voltage socket assembly and a high-voltage socket assembly, and the high-voltage socket assembly is used for being electrically connected with a whole vehicle high-voltage bus. The battery replacing sockets are symmetrically arranged in the X direction and the Y direction, the low-voltage socket assembly is used for being in signal connection with a low-voltage wire harness of a whole vehicle, the low-voltage plug assembly is used for being connected with the low-voltage socket assembly in an inserted mode, and the high-voltage socket assembly is used for being connected with the high-voltage plug assembly in an inserted mode.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery swap connectors, and particularly relates to a battery swap connector and an electric vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] Electric vehicles are developing rapidly, and their market share is also increasing. There are two ways to quickly charge electric vehicles at present. One is to use a direct current fast charging pile to charge the power battery of an electric vehicle through a vehicle fast charging interface. This method is limited by the characteristics of the battery and the charging power, and the charging rate is relatively slow. The other is a faster charging method, i.e., a battery swap mode, which quickly replaces the low-power battery pack on an electric vehicle and simultaneously quickly replaces the full-power battery pack of a battery swap station on the electric vehicle, so as to achieve the effect of fast charging. The charging speed of this method is comparable to that of a fuel vehicle. In a specific scenario, the battery swap mode is a more efficient and faster choice for charging an electric vehicle.

[0003] For electric vehicles that can be swapped, one important component is a battery swap connector, which functions to connect a power battery and a high / low voltage interface of a vehicle and can be automatically connected to a battery swap device.

[0004] At present, battery swap connectors are basically specially developed according to different vehicle models, and most of them are single-branch solutions. The types of vehicle body structures, high-voltage interfaces and power batteries are also various, which makes it difficult to achieve cross-model compatibility, resulting in high development and operation costs and being not conducive to the promotion of the battery swap mode.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new battery swap connector and an electric vehicle to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0006] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a battery swap connector and an electric vehicle, which aims to improve the poor compatibility of the battery swap connector in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, according to one aspect of the present application, a battery swap connector is provided, which comprises: A battery swap plug is arranged on a power battery, and the battery swap plug is provided with a low-voltage plug assembly and a high-voltage plug assembly. The high-voltage plug assembly is used to electrically connect with the power battery. The battery swap plug is symmetrically arranged along the X direction and the Y direction. The low-voltage plug assembly is used to signal connect with a battery management controller in the power battery. A battery swapping socket is installed on the vehicle body. The battery swapping socket is equipped with a low-voltage socket assembly and a high-voltage socket assembly. The high-voltage socket assembly is used for electrical connection with the high-voltage busbar of the vehicle. The battery swapping socket is symmetrically arranged along the X and Y directions. The low-voltage socket assembly is used for signal connection with the low-voltage wiring harness of the vehicle. The low-voltage plug assembly is used for plugging into the low-voltage socket assembly, and the high-voltage socket assembly is used for plugging into the high-voltage plug assembly.

[0008] In one embodiment, the battery swapping plug includes a plug housing, the low-voltage plug assembly and the high-voltage plug assembly are mounted on the plug housing, the plug housing has a mounting surface for fitting against the top cover of the power battery casing, and the outer periphery of the plug housing is provided with a plurality of rectangularly distributed mounting seats, each mounting seat having a mounting hole, and the mounting seat is connected to the mounting hole and the internal support structure of the power battery casing by mounting bolts.

[0009] In one embodiment, the battery swapping plug further includes a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring. The first sealing ring is fitted to the mounting surface and is used for interference fit assembly with the through hole position of the power battery casing. A first sleeve is formed on the mounting surface surrounding the low-voltage plug assembly and the high-voltage plug assembly. The battery swapping socket has a second sleeve. The first sleeve and the second sleeve are inserted into each other. The second sealing ring is arranged around the first sleeve.

[0010] In one embodiment, the battery swapping plug further includes a positioning guide assembly, which includes a positioning guide sleeve and a conductive contact spring. The conductive contact spring is attached to the outer periphery of the positioning guide sleeve. The positioning guide sleeve is installed on the battery swapping plug, and the conductive contact spring contacts the plug housing. The battery swapping socket is provided with a positioning guide pin, which is used to assemble with the positioning guide sleeve.

[0011] In one embodiment, the battery swapping plug includes a low-voltage plug outlet cover, which is snapped onto the side of the low-voltage plug assembly opposite to the pin. The low-voltage plug outlet cover is used for guiding and fixing the installation of the low-voltage signal line.

[0012] In one embodiment, the battery swapping socket includes a low-voltage socket outlet cover, which is snapped onto the side of the low-voltage socket assembly opposite to the socket. The low-voltage socket outlet cover is used for guiding the installation of low-voltage signal lines and fixing the wire harness.

[0013] In one embodiment, the battery swapping socket includes a socket housing, a wire sealing end cover, and a wire terminal mounting sealing cover. The wire sealing end cover is connected to the socket housing, and a first wire sealing ring with an interference fit to the high-voltage wire is provided inside the wire sealing end cover. The high-voltage wire terminal inside the wire terminal mounting sealing cover is used to achieve mechanical and electrical connection with the high-voltage socket assembly by crimping or bolting. The wire terminal mounting sealing cover is connected to the socket housing, and a second wire sealing ring is provided at the contact portion between the wire terminal mounting sealing cover and the socket housing.

[0014] In one embodiment, the battery swapping socket further includes a shielding ring assembly, and the shielding ring assembly is sleeved on the outer periphery of both the wire sealing tail cover and the wire terminal mounting sealing buckle cover.

[0015] In one embodiment, the battery swapping socket includes a fixed bracket and a floating spring assembly. The floating spring assembly includes a vertically arranged vertical floating spring and a horizontally arranged horizontal floating spring. The fixed bracket has a through hole and is fitted onto the socket housing through the through hole. A gap is provided between the socket housing and the wall of the through hole. The two ends of the vertical floating spring are respectively connected to the fixed bracket and the socket housing, and the two ends of the horizontal floating spring are respectively connected to the fixed bracket and the socket housing.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an electric vehicle, including a power battery, a vehicle body and the aforementioned battery swapping connector, wherein the battery swapping plug is installed in the power battery and the battery swapping socket is installed in the vehicle body.

[0017] In the above solution, the battery swapping connector includes a battery swapping plug and a battery swapping socket. The battery swapping plug is used to install on the power battery and is equipped with a low-voltage plug assembly and a high-voltage plug assembly. The high-voltage plug assembly is used for electrical connection with the power battery. The battery swapping plug is symmetrically arranged along the X and Y directions. The low-voltage plug assembly is used for signal connection with the battery management controller inside the power battery. The battery swapping socket is used to install on the vehicle body and is equipped with a low-voltage socket assembly and a high-voltage socket assembly. The high-voltage socket assembly is used for electrical connection with the vehicle's high-voltage busbar. The battery swapping socket is symmetrically arranged along the X and Y directions. The low-voltage socket assembly is used for signal connection with the vehicle's low-voltage wiring harness. The low-voltage plug assembly is used to plug into the low-voltage socket assembly, and the high-voltage socket assembly is used to plug into the high-voltage plug assembly. Specifically, the battery swapping plug is installed on the power battery, ensuring its high-voltage plug assembly is electrically connected to the power battery. The low-voltage plug assembly of the battery swapping plug is then connected to the battery management controller inside the power battery to establish a signal connection. Next, the battery swapping socket is installed on the vehicle body, ensuring its high-voltage socket assembly is electrically connected to the vehicle's high-voltage busbar. Finally, the low-voltage socket assembly of the battery swapping socket is connected to the vehicle's low-voltage wiring harness to establish a signal connection. This achieves both electrical and signal connections between the electric vehicle and the power battery. When a battery swap is needed, the battery swapping plug installed on the power battery is aligned with the battery swapping socket installed on the vehicle body, and then the battery swapping plug is pushed. The low-voltage plug assembly of the battery swapping plug connects to the low-voltage socket assembly of the battery swapping socket, enabling signal connection between the battery management controller inside the power battery and the vehicle's low-voltage wiring harness. The high-voltage plug assembly connects to the high-voltage socket assembly of the battery swapping plug, enabling electrical connection between the power battery and the vehicle's high-voltage busbar. This completes the power battery replacement. The high and low voltage components are independently configured with clear division of labor, ensuring the stability of signal and power transmission. The installation interfaces and connection relationships between the battery swapping plug and the power battery, and between the battery swapping socket and the vehicle body, are clearly defined, and the plugging method for both high and low voltage components is standardized, facilitating rapid assembly and maintenance. This invention, by symmetrically arranging the battery swapping plug and socket along the X and Y directions, can meet the high-voltage wiring layout and power distribution requirements of different vehicle models, facilitating cross-model compatibility and thus improving the compatibility of the battery swapping connector. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the battery swapping connector provided by the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the battery swapping plug provided by the present invention; Figure 3 An exploded view of an embodiment of the battery swapping plug provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the battery swapping socket provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of an embodiment of the battery swapping socket provided by the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of icon numbers: 100. Battery swapping connector; 1. Battery swapping plug; 11. Low-voltage plug assembly; 12. High-voltage plug assembly; 121. Positive terminal; 122. Negative terminal; 13. Plug housing; 131. Mounting surface; 132. Mounting base; 132a. Mounting hole; 14. First sealing ring; 15. Second sealing ring; 16. First sleeve; 17. Positioning guide assembly; 171. Positioning guide sleeve; 172. Conductive contact spring; 18. Low-voltage plug cable exit cover; 2. Battery swapping socket; 21. Low-voltage socket assembly; 22. High-voltage socket assembly; 23. Low-voltage socket cable exit cover; 24. Socket housing; 25. Wire sealing tail cover; 26. Wire terminal mounting sealing buckle cover; 27. Shielding ring assembly; 28. Fixing bracket; 29. ​​Floating spring assembly; 291. Vertical floating spring; 292. Horizontal floating spring; 3. Positioning guide pin; 4. Second sleeve.

[0021] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0024] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0025] To achieve the above objectives, please refer to Figures 1 to 5According to one aspect of the present invention, a battery swapping connector 100 is provided, including a battery swapping plug 1 and a battery swapping socket 2. The battery swapping plug 1 is used to install on a power battery. The battery swapping plug 1 is provided with a low-voltage plug assembly 11 and a high-voltage plug assembly 12. The high-voltage plug assembly 12 is used to electrically connect to the power battery. The battery swapping plug 1 is symmetrically arranged along the X and Y directions. The low-voltage plug assembly 11 is used to signal connect to the battery management controller in the power battery. The battery swapping socket 2 is used to install on the vehicle body. The battery swapping socket 2 is provided with a low-voltage socket assembly 21 and a high-voltage socket assembly 22. The high-voltage socket assembly 22 is used to electrically connect to the high-voltage bus of the vehicle. The battery swapping socket 2 is symmetrically arranged along the X and Y directions. The low-voltage socket assembly 21 is used to signal connect to the low-voltage wiring harness of the vehicle. The low-voltage plug assembly 11 is used to plug into the low-voltage socket assembly 21, and the high-voltage socket assembly 22 is used to plug into the high-voltage plug assembly 12. Specifically, the battery swapping plug 1 is installed on the power battery, ensuring its high-voltage plug assembly 12 is electrically connected to the power battery. The low-voltage plug assembly 11 of the battery swapping plug 1 is then connected to the battery management controller inside the power battery to achieve a signal connection. Next, the battery swapping socket 2 is installed on the vehicle body, ensuring its high-voltage socket assembly 22 is electrically connected to the vehicle's high-voltage busbar. Finally, the low-voltage socket assembly 21 of the battery swapping socket 2 is connected to the vehicle's low-voltage wiring harness to achieve a signal connection. This achieves both electrical and signal connections between the electric vehicle and the power battery. When a battery swap is needed, the battery swapping plug 1 installed on the power battery is aligned with the battery swapping socket 2 installed on the vehicle body, and then the battery swapping plug 1 is pushed. Proximity to the battery swapping socket 2, the low-voltage plug assembly 11 of the battery swapping plug 1 is inserted into the low-voltage socket assembly 21 of the battery swapping socket 2, enabling signal connection between the battery management controller inside the power battery and the low-voltage wiring harness of the vehicle. The high-voltage plug assembly 12 of the battery swapping plug 1 is inserted into the high-voltage socket assembly 22 of the battery swapping socket 2, enabling electrical connection between the power battery and the high-voltage bus of the vehicle. This completes the replacement of the power battery. The high and low voltage components are set up independently with clear division of labor, ensuring the stability of signal and power transmission. The installation interfaces and connection relationships between the battery swapping plug 1 and the power battery, and between the battery swapping socket 2 and the vehicle body are clearly defined, and the insertion method of the high and low voltage components is uniform, facilitating quick assembly and maintenance. In this embodiment, by symmetrically arranging the battery swapping plug 1 and the battery swapping socket 2 along the X and Y directions, the high-voltage wiring layout and power distribution requirements of different vehicle models can be met, facilitating cross-vehicle compatibility. This gives the battery swapping connector 100 better compatibility. The X-axis symmetrical design ensures that the high-voltage terminals and low-voltage components of the battery swapping plug 1 and battery swapping socket 2 are symmetrically distributed laterally, i.e., along the left and right sides of the vehicle. This allows the high-voltage wiring harness to enter from either the left or right side. For example, commercial vehicles, due to their larger chassis space, may use high-voltage wiring on the left side; passenger vehicles, due to their compact chassis structure, may use wiring on the right side. This symmetrical design eliminates the need to change the interface direction; adaptation can be achieved simply by adjusting the wiring harness routing, avoiding the need for redevelopment of interfaces due to vehicle model differences.The Y-axis symmetrical design ensures that the plug / socket is symmetrical in the front-to-back direction of the vehicle during docking, regardless of whether the power battery is installed at the front, middle or rear of the vehicle, the center axis of the interface can be coincided, adapting to the battery pack layout of different vehicle models.

[0026] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the battery swapping plug 1 includes a plug housing 13, a low-voltage plug assembly 11 and a high-voltage plug assembly 12 mounted on the plug housing 13. The plug housing 13 has a mounting surface 131 for fitting against the top cover of the power battery casing. The outer periphery of the plug housing 13 is provided with a plurality of rectangularly distributed mounting seats 132. Each mounting seat 132 has a mounting hole 132a. The mounting seat 132 is used to connect the mounting hole 132a to the support structure inside the power battery casing by mounting bolts. The mounting surface 131 of the battery swapping plug 1 is fitted against the top cover of the power battery box, ensuring that the rectangular mounting seats 132 on the outer periphery correspond to the positions of the support structure inside the box. The plug housing 13 is fixed to the support structure inside the power battery box by passing the mounting bolts on the mounting seats 132 through the mounting holes 132a, thus completing the mechanical fixation of the housing. The high-voltage plug assembly 12 and the low-voltage plug assembly 11 are installed in the preset positions of the plug housing 13, ensuring that the components are compatible with the housing structure. After the battery swapping plug 1 is installed in the power battery, its mounting surface 131 is fitted against the top cover of the power battery box and fixed by the rectangular mounting seats 132 and mounting bolts, ensuring that the plug housing 13 is stable. During battery swapping, the battery swapping plug 1 is aligned with the battery swapping socket 2 installed on the vehicle body. The central axis of the interface is aligned by using the X and Y symmetrical structure. The high-voltage plug assembly 12 of the battery swapping plug 1 is connected to the high-voltage socket assembly 22 of the battery swapping socket 2 to form a conductive path for the high-voltage busbar of the vehicle. The low-voltage plug assembly 11 of the battery swapping plug 1 is plugged into the low-voltage socket assembly 21 of the battery swapping socket 2 to realize the signal transmission between the battery management controller in the power battery and the low-voltage wiring harness of the vehicle. The rectangular mounting bases 132 and mounting bolts ensure symmetrical distribution of the connection points between the plug housing 13 and the power battery box support structure, balancing the forces and improving connection stability during driving. This avoids the risk of loosening due to vibration. The plug housing 13 adopts a rear-mounting method, with all components extending from the mounting surface 131 inserted into the power battery box, reducing external space occupation and adapting to the internal layout of the power battery box. This facilitates the integrated design of the box cover. The standardized mounting holes 132a and the rectangular mounting bases 132 simplify the positioning process, reduce assembly complexity, and adapt to different specifications of power battery box support structures, improving installation versatility.

[0027] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3Furthermore, the high-voltage plug assembly 12 is divided into two terminals, a positive terminal 121 and a negative terminal 122, for conductive connection to the vehicle's high-voltage busbar. The low-voltage plug assembly 11 consists of a low-voltage pin, a low-voltage sheath, and a signal plate, and also adopts a quick-connect design, serving as a communication transmission device between the battery management controller inside the power battery and the vehicle's low-voltage wiring harness. The high-voltage power terminal assembly is symmetrically distributed along the X-axis, supporting power distribution schemes of single-branch for a single battery pack or parallel connection of dual-branch for two battery packs. In the case of a single branch, the positive and negative terminals are directly connected to the vehicle's high-voltage busbar; in the case of dual branches, the symmetrical terminal layout can connect to the positive and negative terminals of the two battery packs respectively, achieving power superposition without changing the interface structure.

[0028] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the battery swapping plug 1 further includes a first sealing ring 14 and a second sealing ring 15. The first sealing ring 14 is fitted to the mounting surface 131 and is used for interference fit assembly with the through hole of the power battery casing. A first sleeve 16 is formed on the mounting surface 131, surrounding the low-voltage plug assembly 11 and the high-voltage plug assembly 12. A second sleeve 4 is formed on the battery swapping socket 2. The first sleeve 16 is inserted into the second sleeve 4, and the second sealing ring 15 is arranged around the first sleeve 16. The first sealing ring 14 is fitted to the mounting surface 131 of the battery swapping plug 1 to ensure that it corresponds to the through hole of the power battery casing. Static sealing between the plug and the casing is achieved by interference fit. The first sleeve 16 is arranged on the mounting surface 131 of the battery swapping plug 1, surrounding the low-voltage plug assembly 11 and the high-voltage plug assembly 12, and the second sealing ring 15 is arranged around the outer periphery of the first sleeve 16 to ensure that the sealing ring and the sleeve structure are adapted without offset or deformation. During battery swapping, the first sleeve 16 of the battery swapping plug 1 engages with the second sleeve 4 of the battery swapping socket 2, achieving mechanical docking guidance. Simultaneously, the second sealing ring 15, encircling the first sleeve 16, adheres to the inner wall of the second sleeve 4, forming a dynamic seal to ensure waterproof protection during the docking process. After engagement, the first sealing ring 14 maintains an interference fit with the through-hole on the power battery box cover, and together with the dynamic seal of the second sealing ring 15, achieves a double seal for the battery swapping interface. The first and second sealing rings 14 cooperate to form a double waterproof structure, effectively preventing external moisture and dust from entering the interface, adapting to the complex environment of the vehicle. The engagement design of the first sleeve 16 and the second sleeve 4 provides mechanical guidance for the docking of the battery swapping plug 1 and the socket, avoiding seal failure or component damage due to misalignment, and improving the docking success rate. The first sleeve 16 is integrated around the high and low voltage components, reducing independent guiding parts and simplifying the structure of the battery swapping plug 1.

[0029] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3In one embodiment, the battery swapping plug 1 further includes a positioning guide assembly 17, which includes a positioning guide sleeve 171 and a conductive contact spring 172. The conductive contact spring 172 is fitted to the outer periphery of the positioning guide sleeve 171. The positioning guide sleeve 171 is installed on the battery swapping plug 1, and the conductive contact spring 172 contacts the plug housing 13. The battery swapping socket 2 is provided with a positioning guide pin 3, which is used to assemble with the positioning guide sleeve 171. The positioning guide sleeve 171 is installed in a preset position on the battery swapping plug 1 to ensure that its structure is adapted to the plug housing 13 without offset or looseness. The conductive contact spring 172 is fitted to the outer periphery of the positioning guide sleeve 171 to ensure that the spring is in close contact with the housing of the battery swapping plug 1, thereby realizing the integration of guiding and grounding functions. During battery swapping, the positioning guide sleeve 171 of the battery swapping plug 1 cooperates with the positioning guide pin 3 of the battery swapping socket 2 to achieve positioning guidance of the battery swapping interface, avoiding assembly failure due to misalignment. The conductive contact spring 172 on the outer periphery of the positioning guide sleeve 171 contacts the housing of the battery swapping plug 1, and the grounding connection is completed simultaneously during the guidance process, eliminating the need for a separate grounding terminal. The conductive contact spring 172 simultaneously performs guiding and grounding functions, eliminating the need for a separate grounding terminal, reducing the number of components, and lowering structural complexity. The cooperative design of the positioning guide sleeve 171 and the positioning guide pin 3 ensures the positioning accuracy of the battery swapping interface during docking, avoiding assembly failure due to misalignment; the conductive contact spring 172 maintains stable contact with the housing during insertion, ensuring reliable grounding. The integrated design makes the insertion force more even, avoiding the problem of localized force concentration caused by a separate grounding terminal, and extending the service life of the battery swapping connector 100.

[0030] Please see Figure 3 In one embodiment, the battery swapping plug 1 includes a low-voltage plug outlet cover 18, which snaps onto the side of the low-voltage plug assembly 11 opposite to the pins. The low-voltage plug outlet cover 18 is used for guiding and securing the installation of the low-voltage signal line. Snapping the low-voltage plug outlet cover 18 onto the side of the low-voltage plug assembly 11 opposite to the pins forms a stable connection, ensuring that the relative position of the cover and the plug assembly is fixed without loosening or shifting. During the battery swapping process, the low-voltage signal line is routed through the low-voltage plug outlet cover 18. The cover is held in place by the snap-fit ​​structure with the low-voltage plug assembly 11, ensuring that the signal line extends along a predetermined path and avoiding wiring chaos or interference. The snap-fit ​​design enables rapid assembly of the cover and plug assembly, simplifying installation steps and improving assembly efficiency. The snap-fit ​​structure ensures the cover is not easily detached during driving or battery swapping, providing high connection stability. The cover's installation guide function directs the orderly arrangement of low-voltage signal lines, preventing tangling, bending, or friction with other components, while also fixing the wiring path for easy identification and maintenance during later inspections. Designed solely for low-voltage signal lines, the cover has a single, focused function and does not occupy additional installation space on the battery swapping plug 1, adapting to the layout requirements of low-voltage wiring harnesses in different vehicle models.

[0031] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment, the battery swapping socket 2 includes a low-voltage socket outlet cover 23. The low-voltage socket outlet cover 23 is snapped onto the side of the low-voltage socket assembly 21 opposite to the socket. The low-voltage socket outlet cover 23 is used for guiding the installation of the low-voltage signal line and fixing the wire harness. Snapping the low-voltage socket outlet cover 23 onto the side of the low-voltage socket assembly 21 opposite to the socket ensures a secure connection between the cover and the assembly, without loosening or shifting. This achieves the installation guidance and fixing of the wire harness. During battery swapping, the low-voltage signal line is guided through the low-voltage socket outlet cover 23 for installation. The cover fixes the wire harness through the snap-fit ​​structure with the side of the low-voltage socket assembly 21 opposite to the socket, preventing wear on the wire harness during battery swapping and vehicle movement. The low-voltage socket cable cover 23 simultaneously serves as a guide and fixation function for the installation of low-voltage signal lines, preventing wear and tear on the wiring harness caused by shaking during battery swapping or driving, thus extending the service life of the wiring harness. The cover is connected to the low-voltage socket assembly 21 using a snap-fit ​​method, simplifying the installation process, ensuring a stable connection, and adapting to the low-voltage wiring harness layout requirements of different vehicle models. The low-voltage socket cable cover 23 is designed only for low-voltage signal lines and does not occupy additional installation space in the battery swapping socket 2, achieving a balance between functional simplicity and lightweight structure.

[0032] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5In one embodiment, the battery swapping socket 2 includes a socket housing 24, a wire sealing end cover 25, and a wire terminal mounting sealing cover 26. The wire sealing end cover 25 is connected to the socket housing 24, and a first wire sealing ring with interference fit to the high-voltage wire is provided inside the wire sealing end cover 25. The high-voltage wire terminal inside the wire terminal mounting sealing cover 26 is used to achieve mechanical and electrical connection with the high-voltage socket assembly 22 by crimping or bolt fastening. The wire terminal mounting sealing cover 26 is connected to the socket housing 24, and a second wire sealing ring is provided at the contact part between the wire terminal mounting sealing cover 26 and the socket housing 24. The first wire sealing ring is installed inside the wire sealing tail cover 25 to ensure an interference fit with the high-voltage wire. Then, the wire sealing tail cover 25 is connected to the socket housing 24 to complete the initial sealing and fixing of the high-voltage wire. Next, the high-voltage wire terminal is inserted into the wire terminal mounting sealing buckle cover 26 and mechanically and electrically connected to the high-voltage socket assembly 22 by crimping or bolting, ensuring connection strength and conductivity. A second wire sealing ring is installed at the contact point between the wire terminal mounting sealing buckle cover 26 and the socket housing 24. The buckle cover is then connected and fixed to the socket housing 24, and the sealing ring compression achieves a seal at the housing interface. During the installation of the power swapping socket 2, the high-voltage wire passes through the wire sealing tail cover 25, and the first wire sealing ring inside it has an interference fit with the high-voltage wire, achieving a seal between the high-voltage wire and the tail cover. Simultaneously, the high-voltage wire terminal inside the wire terminal mounting sealing buckle cover 26 is connected to the high-voltage socket assembly 22 by crimping or bolting, ensuring the reliability of the mechanical and electrical connection. After the wire sealing cover 25 is connected to the socket housing 24, the contact area between the wire terminal mounting sealing cover 26 and the socket housing 24 is sealed by the second wire sealing ring. Combined with the radial seal of the first wire sealing ring, this achieves double waterproof protection for the high-voltage interface. The first and second wire sealing rings form a double waterproof structure, effectively preventing external moisture and dust from entering the high-voltage interface, adapting to the complex vehicle environment. The high-voltage wire terminals are connected to the high-voltage socket assembly 22 by crimping or bolting, ensuring mechanical strength and low contact resistance, avoiding conductive failure or overheating risks caused by loosening. The wire sealing cover 25 and the sealing cover adopt a modular structure, independently completing the wire sealing and terminal connection, simplifying assembly steps and improving production efficiency. The interference fit design of the sealing ring eliminates the need for additional sealant, reducing maintenance costs.

[0033] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5In one embodiment, the battery swapping socket 2 further includes a shielding ring assembly 27. The outer periphery of the wire sealing tail cover 25 and the wire terminal mounting sealing buckle cover 26 are all fitted with the shielding ring assembly 27. The shielding ring assembly 27 is fitted around the outer periphery of the wire sealing tail cover 25 and the wire terminal mounting sealing buckle cover 26, and is in contact with the shielding layer of the high-voltage wire. It can effectively block the electromagnetic radiation generated by the high-voltage circuit, reduce electromagnetic interference to the low-voltage signal line and surrounding electronic equipment, and improve the electromagnetic compatibility of the whole vehicle. By integrating it into the existing sealing assembly through the outer periphery fitting method, no additional independent shielding structure is required, which simplifies the electromagnetic protection design of the battery swapping socket 2 and reduces the complexity of components and assembly difficulty. The shielding ring assembly 27 forms a continuous electromagnetic shielding path to avoid interference from the external electromagnetic environment to the high-voltage power supply and low-voltage communication signals, and ensure the stability of data transmission and power supply between the power battery and the whole vehicle.

[0034] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment, the battery swapping socket 2 includes a fixed bracket 28 and a floating spring assembly 29. The floating spring assembly 29 includes a vertical floating spring 291 arranged in the vertical direction and a horizontal floating spring 292 arranged in the horizontal direction. The fixed bracket 28 has a through hole and is fitted onto the socket housing 24 through the through hole. A gap is provided between the socket housing 24 and the wall of the through hole. The two ends of the vertical floating spring 291 are connected to the fixed bracket 28 and the socket housing 24, respectively, and the two ends of the horizontal floating spring 292 are connected to the fixed bracket 28 and the socket housing 24, respectively. The gap fit between the through hole of the fixed bracket 28 and the socket housing 24, combined with the elastic support of the vertical / horizontal floating springs, allows the socket housing 24 to achieve slight displacement in three-dimensional space, such as horizontal left-right adjustment and vertical up-down buffering. This can effectively absorb installation errors, vehicle body deformation, or power battery box position deviations when the battery swapping plug 1 is connected to the socket, avoiding docking failure caused by hard interference. The floating spring assembly 29 connects the fixed bracket 28 and the socket housing 24 at both ends, providing a continuous elastic preload after the plug and socket are engaged. This counteracts dynamic loads such as vibration and impact during vehicle operation, preventing poor contact or conductive failure due to loosening of the connector interface, and ensuring the continuity of high-voltage power supply and low-voltage communication. The gap design and the flexible support structure of the spring give the battery swapping socket 2 a certain degree of self-alignment capability during installation or battery swapping docking. Smooth plug and socket engagement can be achieved without high-precision mechanical positioning, reducing the positioning accuracy requirements of the battery swapping equipment and improving the success rate and efficiency of battery swapping operations. The spring assembly can buffer the impact force during insertion and removal, reducing rigid collisions between the socket housing 24 and the fixed bracket 28, while avoiding deformation or wear of internal high-voltage terminals, low-voltage sockets, and other precision components due to uneven stress, indirectly improving the long-term reliability of the battery swapping connector 100.

[0035] The battery swapping connector 100 is used to absorb assembly tolerances and provide holding force during the plug-in connection. It consists of four floating springs in the Z direction (four vertical floating springs 291) and four floating springs in the X / Y directions (four horizontal floating springs 292). It can achieve floating assembly with a tolerance of ±5mm in the X and Y directions, 0 to 10mm in the Z direction, and an angle deviation of less than 2°. At the same time, the Z-direction floating springs can continuously provide a holding force of more than 600N under the compressed state after the battery swapping plug 1 and battery swapping socket 2 are plugged in, ensuring a stable and reliable connection throughout the operation of the electric vehicle. The battery swapping socket 2 is designed to be compatible with high-voltage wire diameters from 25mm² to 95mm². Depending on the wire diameter, only the wire sealing cover 25 assembly and the shielding ring assembly 27 need to be matched and modified.

[0036] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an electric vehicle, including a power battery, a vehicle body and the above-mentioned battery swapping connector 100, wherein a battery swapping plug 1 is installed in the power battery and a battery swapping socket 2 is installed in the vehicle body; since the electric vehicle includes all embodiments of the above-mentioned battery swapping connector 100, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by all the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0037] Furthermore, the standard dimensions of the power battery pack are standardized, with fixed width in the Y direction and thickness in the Z direction, while the length in the X direction can be determined in several length specifications according to different power requirements. Simultaneously, the battery swapping interface dimensions, polarity, relative position, and pin definitions are required to be standardized. This allows a series of standard battery packs to be applied to different vehicle models, ensuring compatibility and usability for both commercial and passenger use. For different vehicle models, only the left and right mounting beams need to be modified to adapt the mounting points of the standard power battery pack, enabling cross-model application. The battery swapping station can also be flexibly expanded by simply adjusting the length of the battery storage rack and dynamically adjusting the vehicle alignment and positioning mechanism, ensuring that a single swapping station is compatible with the battery swapping needs of multiple battery types and vehicle models.

[0038] In one embodiment, for a dual-drive electric vehicle, the vehicle body includes a drive high-voltage component, a fast-charging interface, and functional components. There are two drive high-voltage components, and the functional components are electrically connected to them. The fast-charging interface is located on one of the drive high-voltage components. Two high-voltage socket assemblies 22 of the battery swapping socket 2 are electrically connected to the two drive high-voltage components respectively. The battery swapping plug 1 is electrically connected to the power battery, and the battery swapping socket 2 is plugged into the battery swapping plug 1. The battery swapping socket 2 is the high-voltage connection interface at the vehicle end, and it contains two independent high-voltage socket assemblies 22. These two assemblies are electrically connected to the two drive high-voltage components one-to-one via high-voltage wiring harnesses, forming two independent high-voltage paths. The battery swapping plug 1 is the high-voltage connection interface at the power battery end, and it is directly electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power battery via high-voltage wiring harnesses, serving as a bridge for the power battery to output electrical energy to the vehicle. During battery swapping, the battery swapping plug 1 connected to the new power battery is physically plugged into the battery swapping socket 2 of the vehicle. After connection, the high-voltage power from the battery is transmitted through the battery swapping plug 1 to the two high-voltage socket assemblies 22 of the battery swapping socket 2, and then to the two drive high-voltage components to provide power for the dual-drive system. Simultaneously, information exchange between the battery and the vehicle controller is achieved through low-voltage communication pins, ensuring safe system operation after battery swapping. During recharging, the battery can be charged directly through the fast-charging interface.

[0039] In one embodiment, for a single-drive electric vehicle, the vehicle body includes a drive high-voltage component, a fast-charging interface, and functional components. The functional components are electrically connected to the drive high-voltage component. The fast-charging interface and the drive high-voltage component are respectively electrically connected to two high-voltage socket assemblies 22 of the battery swapping socket 2. The battery swapping plug 1 is electrically connected to the power battery, and the battery swapping socket 2 is plugged into the battery swapping plug 1. The battery swapping socket 2 is the high-voltage battery swapping interface at the vehicle end, and contains two independent high-voltage socket assemblies 22. The two are connected to different high-voltage devices through physically isolated high-voltage paths. One high-voltage socket assembly 22 is electrically connected to the drive high-voltage component through a high-voltage wiring harness, serving as the main path for the power battery to supply power to the drive system; the other high-voltage socket assembly 22 is electrically connected to the fast-charging interface through a high-voltage wiring harness, serving as an auxiliary path for inputting electrical energy into the power battery during fast charging. The core of the dual-component design is to separate the functions of drive power supply and fast charging / battery swapping. When driving the vehicle, the power battery drives the high-voltage components through the battery swapping connector 100 to ensure power transmission efficiency. During fast charging, the fast charging pile transports electricity to the power battery through the fast charging interface and the battery swapping connector 100, completing the charging independently without passing through the drive high-voltage components, thus simplifying the charging control logic. During battery swapping, the independent connection of component A and component B avoids short circuits in the high-voltage circuit during plugging and unplugging.

[0040] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery swapping connector, characterized in that, include: A battery swapping plug is used to install on a power battery. The battery swapping plug is provided with a low-voltage plug assembly and a high-voltage plug assembly. The high-voltage plug assembly is used to electrically connect with the power battery. The battery swapping plug is symmetrically arranged along the X and Y directions. The low-voltage plug assembly is used to signal connect with the battery management controller inside the power battery. A battery swapping socket is installed on the vehicle body. The battery swapping socket is equipped with a low-voltage socket assembly and a high-voltage socket assembly. The high-voltage socket assembly is used for electrical connection with the high-voltage busbar of the vehicle. The battery swapping socket is symmetrically arranged along the X and Y directions. The low-voltage socket assembly is used for signal connection with the low-voltage wiring harness of the vehicle. The low-voltage plug assembly is used for plugging into the low-voltage socket assembly, and the high-voltage socket assembly is used for plugging into the high-voltage plug assembly.

2. The battery swapping connector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery swapping plug includes a plug housing, and the low-voltage plug assembly and the high-voltage plug assembly are mounted on the plug housing. The plug housing has a mounting surface for fitting against the top cover of the power battery casing. The outer periphery of the plug housing is provided with a plurality of rectangularly distributed mounting seats, each of which has a mounting hole. The mounting seat is connected to the mounting hole and the internal support structure of the power battery casing by mounting bolts.

3. The battery swapping connector as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The battery swapping plug also includes a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring. The first sealing ring is fitted to the mounting surface and is used for interference fit assembly with the through hole position of the power battery box cover. A first sleeve is formed on the mounting surface surrounding the low-voltage plug assembly and the high-voltage plug assembly. The battery swapping socket has a second sleeve. The first sleeve and the second sleeve are inserted into each other. The second sealing ring is arranged around the first sleeve.

4. The battery swapping connector as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The battery swapping plug also includes a positioning guide assembly, which includes a positioning guide sleeve and a conductive contact spring. The conductive contact spring is attached to the outer periphery of the positioning guide sleeve. The positioning guide sleeve is installed on the battery swapping plug, and the conductive contact spring contacts the plug housing. The battery swapping socket is provided with a positioning guide pin, which is used to assemble with the positioning guide sleeve.

5. The battery swapping connector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery swapping plug includes a low-voltage plug outlet cover, which is snapped onto the side of the low-voltage plug assembly away from the pin. The low-voltage plug outlet cover is used for guiding and fixing the installation of the low-voltage signal line.

6. The battery swapping connector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery swapping socket includes a low-voltage socket outlet cover, which is snapped onto the side of the low-voltage socket assembly opposite to the socket. The low-voltage socket outlet cover is used for guiding the installation of low-voltage signal lines and fixing the wire harness.

7. The battery swapping connector as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The battery swapping socket includes a socket housing, a wire sealing end cover, and a wire terminal mounting sealing buckle cover. The wire sealing end cover is connected to the socket housing, and a first wire sealing ring with an interference fit to the high-voltage wire is provided inside the wire sealing end cover. The high-voltage wire terminal inside the wire terminal mounting sealing buckle cover is used to achieve mechanical and electrical connection with the high-voltage socket assembly through crimping or bolt fastening. The wire terminal mounting sealing buckle cover is connected to the socket housing, and a second wire sealing ring is provided at the contact point between the wire terminal mounting sealing buckle cover and the socket housing.

8. The battery swapping connector as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The battery swapping socket also includes a shielding ring assembly, and the shielding ring assembly is fitted around the outer periphery of both the wire sealing tail cover and the wire terminal mounting sealing buckle cover.

9. The battery swapping connector as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The battery swapping socket includes a fixed bracket and a floating spring assembly. The floating spring assembly includes a vertical floating spring arranged in a vertical direction and a horizontal floating spring arranged in a horizontal direction. The fixed bracket has a through hole and is fitted onto the socket housing through the through hole. A gap is provided between the socket housing and the wall of the through hole. The two ends of the vertical floating spring are connected to the fixed bracket and the socket housing, respectively. The two ends of the horizontal floating spring are also connected to the fixed bracket and the socket housing, respectively.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, The device includes a power battery, a vehicle body, and a battery swapping connector as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the battery swapping plug is installed in the power battery and the battery swapping socket is installed in the vehicle body.

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