Intelligent subsurface buoy observation system and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of ocean observation, and particularly relates to an intelligent subsurface buoy observation system and method. The sub-floating body is located under the communication floating body and is connected with the communication floating body through a first section of cable system of the induction transmission system; the main floating body is located under the sub-floating body and is connected with the sub-floating body through a second section of cable system of the induction transmission system; the anchoring cable system is located at the bottommost part of the system and is connected with the main floating body through a third section of cable system of the induction transmission system; the intelligent sensing system and the decision-making system are embedded in the sub floating body to form a cooperative working relationship; the intelligent sensing system is responsible for monitoring marine environment changes in real time; the decision-making system controls an observation mode according to a monitoring result; sensors in the anchor system synchronous observation equipment are distributed on each floating body; and the land-based data receiving system establishes remote data connection with the communication floating body through satellite communication. According to the invention, large-depth profile ocean current observation and multi-node high-density full-profile temperature-salinity-depth current monitoring can be carried out.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of ocean observation, in particular to an intelligent submersible buoy observation system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sudden ocean dynamic processes such as near-inertial internal waves and internal solitary waves frequently occur, and have strong effects, but the research needs to be strengthened. Near-inertial internal waves are a kind of wave motion in the ocean interior with a frequency close to the inertial frequency, which accounts for about half of the energy in the internal wave spectrum, and has strong vertical shear, which is important for maintaining ocean stratification, material and energy transport, and plays an important role in upper ocean mixing. Near-inertial internal waves can affect many processes in the ocean, including biochemistry and even climate. Therefore, the generation and propagation evolution of near-inertial internal waves are worth in-depth study. Ocean internal solitary waves are a special wave phenomenon, which has a single wave peak or trough structure, and is not deformed and destroyed when interacting. These waves propagate in the ocean interior, can carry large energy, and induce intense vertical mixing during propagation, which has an important influence on the local marine environment and large-scale global ocean circulation. Ocean internal solitary waves can pose a threat to offshore oil platforms and other structures, as they can induce sudden strong currents, causing damage to these structures. However, due to their propagation in the ocean interior, suddenness, and rapid change, the research of internal solitary waves and near-inertial internal waves requires high-frequency observation (minute level, preferably second level), high energy consumption, large data volume, and currently few long-term continuous high-frequency real-time observations, which makes people's understanding of internal solitary waves, near-inertial internal waves and other ocean dynamic processes still insufficient, and the prediction and forecasting ability needs to be strengthened.

[0003] The study of sudden oceanic dynamic processes such as near-inertial internal waves and internal solitary waves has become a hot topic in the field of physical oceanography. The study of sudden oceanic dynamic processes in the South China Sea mainly focuses on the South China Sea. Jiang et al. (2019) used 2009-2012 bottom-mounted observation data, band-pass filtering and spectral analysis methods to study the generation, propagation and extinction characteristics of deep near-inertial internal waves in the Xisha sea area of the South China Sea. Through the study, it is found that there is strong near-inertial oscillation in the deep layer of the Xisha sea area of the South China Sea, and the generation source is the energy input of typhoon passage. In most time periods, the near-inertial oscillation energy dissipates in the shallow layer of the ocean and does not propagate to the deep layer of the ocean. Only in a small part of the time, 80%~85% of the near-inertial oscillation energy dissipates in the area shallower than 500 m, and about 15%~20% continues to propagate to the deep layer of the ocean. Chen et al. (2024) based on long-term continuous full-depth bottom-mounted observation, expounds the deep propagation characteristics of wind-generated near-inertial internal waves in the northern South China Sea, further perfects the understanding of the contribution of wind-generated near-inertial internal waves to deep mixing. Liu et al. (1998) found dense internal solitary waves in the northern South China Sea through SAR images. Orr and Mignerey (2003) tracked the evolution of a concave internal solitary wave from a depth of 264 meters to 110 meters and found that it experienced strong shear instability and energy dissipation during the climbing process, and the polarity was converted from concave to convex. Zhao et al. (2003) found that an internal solitary wave in the north was converted from concave to convex. Using bottom-mounted observation data in the continental shelf area of the northern South China Sea, Ramp et al. (2004) found that internal solitary waves in the South China Sea were more active during the spring tide period, and by analyzing the propagation direction of internal solitary waves, they found that they originated from the sea mountain near Batan Island on the east side of the Luzon Strait. Zhao et al. (2004) collected satellite images from 1995 to 2001 and analyzed the generation mechanism of internal solitary waves in the South China Sea, believing that they were formed by the steepening of internal tides during propagation. Lien et al. (2005) found through bottom-mounted observation and satellite images that large-amplitude internal tides were generated in the Luzon Strait and propagated westward, and near the continental shelf, they were nonlinearly strengthened and split into internal solitary waves. Fang et al. (2005) used temperature, salinity and flow rate data to find that the amplitude of internal solitary waves near the Dongsha Island reached 100 meters, with a period of about 10-20 minutes and a propagation speed of about 2 meters / second. Sun (2006) pointed out that internal solitary waves in the South China Sea mainly distribute in the northeastern part of the sea, and believed that they are an important factor that should be considered in marine engineering construction. Du et al. (2008) believed that internal solitary waves in the South China Sea may evolve from concave waves and mixing disturbances near the sea mountain in the Luzon Strait. Hu et al. (2008) analyzed the internal solitary wave observed in the south of Hainan Island and believed that its waveform could be well described by the solution of the KdV equation. Kang (2009) analyzed the characteristics of internal solitary waves in the South China Sea in the solar flare region based on MODIS images.Ke ZM et al. (2009) reported the internal solitary waves in the waters near Wenchang, Hainan Island, and considered that they were locally generated by astronomic tide in the continental shelf region. Xu ZH (2009) made an in-situ observation of the internal solitary waves in the continental shelf region for about 7 months, and found that they had obvious seasonal variations. Li Q et al. (2009) simulated the locally generated internal solitary waves in the continental shelf region using a numerical model. Shi XG et al. (2011) studied the internal solitary waves in the South China Sea using SAR images, and inverted the characteristic parameters of the internal solitary waves, such as the amplitude and half-slope width. Lv HB et al. (2012) calculated the propagation speed of the internal solitary waves near the Dongsha Island using X-band radar images.

[0004] Although the above researches have achieved many results, they are mostly based on remote sensing observation data or conventional anchor observation system (the sea current observation frequency is generally 1 time / hour, and the temperature-salinity-depth observation frequency is 1 time / 10 minutes to 1 time / hour, without intelligent sensing and adaptive encryption observation). So far, the deep-sea float / pinger anchor observation system is one of the effective ways to study the internal solitary waves and near-inertial internal waves, but the underwater observation equipment of the deep-sea float / pinger anchor observation system has not realized long-term high-frequency real-time observation. Based on this, an anchor observation system with intelligent judgment and adaptive observation is designed to solve the above difficulties. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an intelligent pinger observation system and method. In view of the weak intelligent sensing ability of deep-sea observation, how to intelligently sense the occurrence of internal solitary waves and near-inertial internal waves during conventional observation, and adaptively perform corresponding observation, is one of the key technologies to be solved. The real-time identification algorithms of internal solitary waves and near-inertial internal waves are respectively constructed by taking the high-frequency temperature change rate and the internal wave spectrum energy proportion as the criteria, to intelligently sense the occurrence of internal solitary waves and near-inertial internal waves. Through inductive coupling and underwater acoustic communication, the observation frequency of the system is autonomously controlled by the pinger central control device, to realize long-time high-frequency observation during the occurrence of internal solitary waves and near-inertial internal waves.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to achieve the above purpose is as follows: an intelligent pinger observation system, which adopts a vertical layered structure and comprises a communication float, a sub-float, a main float, an inductive transmission system, an intelligent sensing device, a decision system, an anchor synchronous observation equipment, an anchor mooring system and a land-based data receiving system.

[0007] The communication float is located at the uppermost layer of the system and serves as a sea surface communication hub. The sub-float is located directly below the communication float and is connected with the communication float through the first section of the cable of the inductive transmission system. The main float is located directly below the sub-float and is connected with the sub-float through the second section of the cable of the inductive transmission system.

[0008] The anchoring cable is located at the bottom of the system and is connected with the main float through the third segment of the inductive transmission system;

[0009] The inductive transmission system is composed of multiple inductive coupling cables, which are connected through the communication float, the sub-float, the main float and the anchoring cable to provide physical connection and data transmission channel;

[0010] The intelligent sensing system and the decision system are embedded in the sub-float to form a cooperative working relationship; the intelligent sensing system is responsible for real-time monitoring of the change of the marine environment; the decision system controls the observation mode according to the monitoring results;

[0011] The sensors in the anchoring synchronous observation equipment are distributed on each float to form a multi-node and full-profile observation network;

[0012] The land-based data receiving system establishes remote data connection with the communication float through satellite communication to realize real-time receiving and processing of observation data.

[0013] The communication float comprises a buoy central control communication cabin, a buoyancy float, a battery cabin, a buoy magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin, a main frame, an electric swivel, a coupling receiving device and a satellite communication device;

[0014] The buoy central control communication cabin is located at the center of the upper part of the main frame and serves as the data collection and processing core;

[0015] The buoy magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin is installed in the middle of the main frame and is connected with the buoy central control communication cabin through a data bus;

[0016] The satellite communication device is located at the top of the main frame and is connected with the buoy central control communication cabin through a data line;

[0017] The battery cabin is located in the middle lower part of the main frame and provides power for the buoy magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin and the satellite communication device through a cable line;

[0018] The coupling receiving device is connected with the bottom of the main frame through the electric swivel;

[0019] The buoyancy floats are symmetrically arranged around the main frame and are connected with the main frame through mechanical fixing members to provide buoyancy support for the whole communication float.

[0020] The sub-float is designed as an elliptical cylinder and comprises a sub-float main body, a coupling transceiver device A, a coupling transceiver device B, a sub-float central control communication cabin, a sub-float buoyancy float, a sub-float battery cabin and a sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin;

[0021] The sub-float central control communication cabin is located at the center of the sub-float main body and serves as the data processing and control core of the sub-float;

[0022] The sub-floater magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin is arranged beside the buoy central control communication cabin and is connected with the buoy central control communication cabin through a data bus;

[0023] The coupling transceiver device A and the coupling transceiver device B are respectively installed at the lower end and the upper end of the sub-floater main body and are connected with the sub-floater magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin through cables; the coupling transceiver device A and the coupling transceiver device B are respectively responsible for connecting the main floater downward and the communication floater upward, forming a two-way data relay channel;

[0024] The sub-floater battery cabin is located at the lower part of the sub-floater main body and provides power supply for each electronic component;

[0025] The sub-floater buoyancy floaters are symmetrically distributed around the sub-floater main body to provide buoyancy support;

[0026] The intelligent sensing system and the decision system are embedded in the sub-floater central control communication cabin; the intelligent sensing system processes the observation data of the ADCP and the high-frequency water temperature instrument in real time, perceives the occurrence of internal solitary waves and near-inertial internal waves through embedded algorithms; and the decision system switches the observation mode according to the event trigger result and the current mode in priority order.

[0027] The main floater comprises a coupling transceiver device C, a coupling transceiver device D, a main floater central control communication cabin, a main floater buoyancy floater, a main floater battery cabin, a main floater magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin, a main floater main frame and a main floater electric swivel;

[0028] The main floater central control communication cabin is located at the center of the main floater main frame and serves as the data collection and processing center of the main floater;

[0029] The main floater magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin is arranged beside the buoy central control communication cabin and is connected with the buoy central control communication cabin through a data bus;

[0030] The coupling transceiver device C and the coupling transceiver device D are respectively installed at the lower end and the upper end of the main floater main frame and are connected with the main floater magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin through cables;

[0031] The main floater battery cabin is arranged at the lower part of the main floater main frame;

[0032] The main floater buoyancy floaters are symmetrically distributed around the frame;

[0033] The main floater electric swivel is arranged at the connection between the lower end of the main floater main frame and the induction coupling cable C to prevent cable twisting;

[0034] The anchor synchronization observation equipment is arranged on the main floater main frame and is used for sea current profile observation, and the observation data is directly collected into the main floater central control communication cabin;

[0035] The main float is connected with the inductive transmission system through the coupling transceiver C, collects the data of the lower observation equipment, and transmits the observation data of the main float and the lower data to the inductive transmission system through the coupling transceiver D.

[0036] The anchored synchronous observation equipment comprises a plurality of ADCPs, CTDs, temperature sensors, single-point acoustic current meters and biogeochemical sensors.

[0037] The ADCP is arranged on the main float and used for sea current profile observation; the CTD and the temperature sensor are arranged on each interval position of the inductive coupling cable respectively, so as to realize full-profile temperature-salinity-depth monitoring.

[0038] The single-point acoustic current meter is arranged at a set node arranged on the inductive coupling cable and used for fixed-point sea current measurement.

[0039] The biogeochemical sensor is arranged on the main float and the sub-float respectively and used for biochemical parameter monitoring.

[0040] The anchoring cable system is a multi-layer composite structure and comprises a Kevlar cable, a glass float ball group, a parallel acoustic releaser, a buffer cable and an anchoring weight.

[0041] The Kevlar cable is connected with the inductive coupling cable at the first end and connected with the glass float ball group at the tail end.

[0042] The glass float ball group is composed of a plurality of glass float balls connected in series and provides the required neutral buoyancy of the system.

[0043] The parallel acoustic releaser adopts a double-machine parallel redundancy mechanism, the upper end of which is connected with the glass float ball group, and the lower end of which is connected with the buffer cable.

[0044] The buffer cable is made of elastic material and used for absorbing impact vibration caused by the load of the marine environment; the anchoring weight is fixedly connected with the tail end of the buffer cable, so as to provide stable seabed anchoring.

[0045] The land-based data receiving system comprises a data receiver, a receiving antenna, a client receiving end and receiving software.

[0046] The data receiver is used for receiving the observation data transmitted through satellite communication, and performing preliminary data processing and storage.

[0047] The receiving antenna is connected with the data receiver and used for receiving satellite downlink signals, so as to ensure stable data transmission.

[0048] The client receiving end serves as a user interactive interface and is divided into three forms of large-screen display, PC terminal and APP terminal, supports multi-platform data access and monitoring.

[0049] The receiving software is integrated in the client receiving end, used for online inquiry and display of real-time marine environment data transmitted by the intelligent submersible observation system; and provides retrieval and backtracking functions for stored historical observation data; and automatically generates time series graphs of temperature, flow rate, salinity and other parameters, supports custom chart types and export;

[0050] The land-based data receiving system establishes bidirectional communication with the satellite communication device of the communication float through a satellite communication link, realizes real-time reception, processing, visualization and archiving of observation data, and forms a complete land-based data management closed loop.

[0051] An intelligent submersible observation method, comprising the following steps:

[0052] S1: Collecting marine environment data according to the current set observation mode through the CTD, temperature sensor, ADCP and biochemical sensor;

[0053] S2: Uploading the collected observation data through the coupling transceiver devices at each level of the inductive transmission system, and collecting and uploading data by the coupling transceiver device C and the coupling transceiver device D of the main float;

[0054] The sub-float receives the main float data and the observation data on the inductive coupling cable B through the coupling transceiver device A and the coupling transceiver device B, and performs transfer processing;

[0055] The communication float receives the sub-float data and the observation data on the inductive coupling cable A through the coupling receiving device;

[0056] S3: The buoy central control communication cabin of the communication float sends all observation data to the land-based data receiving system through the satellite communication device;

[0057] S4: The land-based data receiving system receives data through the data receiver and the receiving antenna, and performs real-time analysis, storage and visual display by the receiving software;

[0058] S5: The user inquires data in real time, retrieves historical data, generates parameter graphs and exports data through the large-screen display of the client receiving end, the PC terminal or the APP terminal.

[0059] The step S1 comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1.1: Real-time processing of observation data of the ADCP and the high-frequency water temperature instrument by the intelligent sensing system embedded in the sub-float, and judging whether an internal solitary wave occurs based on an internal solitary wave intelligent sensing algorithm;

[0061] The intelligent perception algorithm of the internal solitary wave is specifically: a temperature sensor collects 1 group of data every second, calculates the temperature change rate, if the change rate exceeds the dynamic threshold, an event is triggered, if the number of triggering times in a day exceeds 4 times, the threshold is increased, if it is less than 2 times, the threshold is decreased, and if it is between 2-4 times, the threshold remains unchanged.

[0062] S1.2: The observation data of the ADCP is processed by the intelligent perception system, the energy proportion of the near-inertial internal wave in the ocean internal wave spectrum is calculated, and if the proportion exceeds a set value, it is determined that the near-inertial internal wave occurs;

[0063] S1.3: The decision system switches the observation mode according to the event triggering result and the current mode in priority order, and the priority order is: internal solitary wave mode, near-inertial internal wave mode, and normal mode;

[0064] Among them: in the internal solitary wave mode, the ADCP collects data every 5 minutes, the CTD collects data every 1 minute, and the high-frequency water temperature instrument collects data every second;

[0065] In the near-inertial internal wave mode, the ADCP and the CTD collect data every 10 minutes;

[0066] In the normal mode, the ADCP and the CTD collect data every hour, the high-frequency water temperature instrument collects data every second, and the near-inertial internal wave is calculated once a day;

[0067] S1.4: Perform mode switching: when the internal solitary wave is perceived, immediately enter the internal solitary wave mode; if the near-inertial internal wave is perceived and the current mode is normal, switch to the near-inertial internal wave mode; if the current mode is the internal solitary wave mode or the near-inertial internal wave mode, maintain the original mode;

[0068] S1.5: When the internal solitary wave occurs and reaches a set time, re-determine whether the near-inertial internal wave occurs: if it occurs, enter the near-inertial internal wave mode; otherwise, enter the normal mode; if the near-inertial internal wave does not occur and the current mode is the near-inertial internal wave mode, switch back to the normal mode; otherwise, maintain the current mode.

[0069] In the S4 and S5 steps, the land-based data receiving system further performs the following steps:

[0070] S4.1: The receiving software decodes and quality controls the incoming real-time data, and automatically marks abnormal data points;

[0071] S4.2: Establish a structured database to store data in time sequence, sensor type and observation mode;

[0072] S4.3: Provide a multi-dimensional data query interface through the customer receiving end to realize filtering data according to time range, sensor ID and observation mode;

[0073] S4.4: Automatically generate custom timing curves of temperature, flow rate, salinity parameters and export in standard format of CSV, NetCDF, and include metadata description file;

[0074] S4.5: Receive software remote sending instructions to the communication float, realize remote control of mode reset, sensor calibration or system hibernation of the intelligent submersible observation system.

[0075] The present application has the following advantages and benefits:

[0076] 1. Strong intelligent sensing capability: the system of the present application can intelligently sense whether internal solitary waves and near-inertial internal waves appear according to high-frequency water temperature change gradient and sea current energy spectrum proportion while performing regular observation.

[0077] 2. Adaptive observation: the present application can automatically switch between regular observation mode, internal solitary wave observation mode and near-inertial wave observation mode according to the judgment of observation requirements, and realize adaptive observation.

[0078] 3. The present application can perform large-depth profile current observation and multi-node high-density full-profile temperature-salinity-depth flow monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0079] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intelligent submersible observation system of the present application;

[0080] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of data acquisition and adaptive intelligent sensing of the intelligent submersible of the present application;

[0081] Figure 3 It is a multi-working-mode control flow chart of the intelligent submersible of the present application;

[0082] Figure 4 It is an intelligent sensing flow chart of internal solitary waves of the present application;

[0083] Figure 5 It is an intelligent sensing flow chart of near-inertial internal waves of the present application;

[0084] Figure 6 It is a design drawing of the communication float of the present application;

[0085] Figure 7 It is a design drawing of the sub-float of the present application;

[0086] Figure 8 It is a design drawing of the main float of the present application;

[0087] Figure 9 It is a coupling communication flow chart of the present application;

[0088] Wherein, 1 is a communication float, 2 is a sub-float, 3 is a main float, 4 is an induction transmission system, 5 is an intelligent sensing system, 6 is a decision system, 7 is an anchor synchronous observation device, 8 is an anchoring cable, 9 is a land-based data receiving system; 1-1 is a sea surface communication float buoy central control communication cabin, 1-2 is a sea surface communication float buoy float, 1-3 is a battery cabin, 1-4 is a buoy magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin, 1-5 is a sea surface communication float main frame, 1-6 is an electric rotating ring, 1-7 is a coupling receiving device, 1-8 is a satellite communication device; 2-1 is a coupling transceiver device A, 2-2 is a coupling transceiver device B, 2-3 is a sub-float central control communication cabin, 2-4 is a sub-float buoy float, 2-5 is a sub-float battery cabin, 2-6 is a sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin; 3-1 is a coupling transceiver device C, 3-2 is a coupling transceiver device D, 3-3 is a main float central control communication cabin, 3-4 is a main float buoy float, 3-5 is a main float battery cabin, 3-6 is a main float magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin, 3-7 is a main float main frame, 3-8 is a main float electric rotating ring; 6-1 is an internal solitary wave mode, 6-2 is a near-inertial internal wave mode, 6-3 is a conventional collection mode; 7-1 is an ADCP, 7-2 is a CTD, 7-3 is a temperature sensor, 7-4 is a single-point acoustic current meter, 7-5 is a biogeochemical sensor; 8-1 is a Kevlar cable, 8-2 is a glass float ball group, 8-3 is a parallel acoustic release, 8-4 is a buffer cable, 8-5 is an anchoring weight; 9-1 is a data receiver, 9-2 is a receiving antenna, 9-3 is a customer receiving end, 9-4 is a receiving software. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0090] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 The application is based on an intelligent subsurface buoy observation system, which comprises a communication float 1, a sub-float 2, a main float 3, an induction transmission system 4, an intelligent sensing system 5 and a decision system 6, an anchor synchronous observation device 7, an anchoring cable 8 and a land-based data receiving system 9.

[0091] The communication float 1 is located at the uppermost layer of the system and serves as a sea surface communication hub; the sub-float 2 is located directly below the communication float 1 and is connected to the communication float 1 through the first section of the cable of the induction transmission system 4;

[0092] The main float 3 is located directly below the sub-float 2 and is connected to the sub-float 2 through the second section of the cable of the induction transmission system 4;

[0093] The anchoring cable 8 is located at the bottom of the system and is connected to the main float 3 through the third section of the cable of the induction transmission system 4;

[0094] The intelligent sensing system 5 and the decision system 6 are embedded in the sub-floating body 2 to form a cooperative working relationship; the intelligent sensing system 5 is responsible for real-time monitoring of the change of the marine environment; the decision system 6 controls the observation mode according to the monitoring result;

[0095] The sensors in the anchor synchronization observation equipment 7 are distributed on each floating body to form a multi-node and full-section observation network;

[0096] The land-based data receiving system 9 establishes a remote data connection with the communication floating body 1 through satellite communication to realize real-time receiving and processing of observation data.

[0097] (I) Communication floating body

[0098] As shown in Figure 6 , it is a design drawing of the communication floating body of the application; in the embodiment, the communication floating body 1 comprises a floating body control communication cabin 1-1, a buoyancy floating body 1-2, a battery cabin 1-3, a floating body magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin 1-4, a main frame 1-5, an electric rotating ring 1-6, a coupling receiving device 1-7 and a satellite communication device 1-8.

[0099] The floating body control communication cabin 1-1 is located at the upper center position of the main frame 1-5 and serves as the core of data collection and processing;

[0100] The floating body magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin 1-4 is installed in the middle of the main frame 1-5 and is connected with the floating body control communication cabin 1-1 through a data bus;

[0101] The satellite communication device 1-8 is located at the top of the main frame 1-5 and is connected with the floating body control communication cabin 1-1 through a data line;

[0102] The battery cabin 1-3 is located in the lower part of the main frame and provides power for the floating body magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin 1-4 and the satellite communication device 1-8 through a cable line;

[0103] The coupling receiving device 1-7 is connected with the bottom of the main frame 1-5 through the electric rotating ring 1-6;

[0104] The buoyancy floating body 1-2 is symmetrically arranged around the main frame 1-5 and is connected with the main frame 1-5 through a mechanical fixing part to provide buoyancy support for the whole communication floating body 1.

[0105] (II) Sub-floating body

[0106] As shown in Figure 7 , it is a design drawing of the sub-floating body of the application; in the embodiment, the sub-floating body 2 is designed as an elliptical cylindrical shape, the size is 1000mm (600mm) in diameter and about 2000mm in length, and the underwater net buoyancy is about 400kg.

[0107] The sub-float includes: the sub-float body, coupling transceiver device A2-1, coupling transceiver device B2-2, sub-float central control communication cabin 2-3, sub-float buoyancy float 2-4, sub-float battery cabin 2-5, and sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 2-6.

[0108] Among them, the central control and communication cabin 2-3 of the sub-float is located at the center of the main body of the sub-float and serves as the data processing and control core of the sub-float;

[0109] The sub-buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 2-6 is located next to the buoy central control and communication cabin 1-1 and is connected to the buoy central control and communication cabin 1-1 via a data bus.

[0110] Coupled transceiver device A2-1 and coupled transceiver device B2-2 are respectively installed at the lower end and upper end of the sub-float body, and are both connected to the sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 2-6 via cables; the coupled transceiver device A2-1 and coupled transceiver device B2-2 are respectively responsible for connecting downward to the main float 3 and upward to the communication float 1, forming a two-way data relay channel;

[0111] The battery compartment 2-5 of the sub-float is located at the lower part of the sub-float body and provides power to various electronic components;

[0112] Sub-buoyancy floats 2-4 are symmetrically distributed around the main body of the sub-buoyancy float to provide buoyancy support;

[0113] The intelligent sensing system 5 and the decision-making system 6 are embedded in the central control and communication cabin 2-3 of the sub-buoy 2; the intelligent sensing system 5 processes the observation data of ADCP and high-frequency water temperature instrument in real time, and senses the occurrence of internal solitary waves and near-inertial internal waves through embedded algorithms; the decision-making system 6 switches the observation mode according to the priority order based on the event triggering result and the current mode.

[0114] (3) Main floating body

[0115] like Figure 8 As shown in the diagram, the main float of this invention, in this embodiment, includes: a coupling transceiver device C3-1, a coupling transceiver device D3-2, a main float central control communication compartment 3-3, a main float buoyancy float 3-4, a main float battery compartment 3-5, a main float magnetic induction data acquisition and control compartment 3-6, a main float main frame 3-7, and a main float electric rotating ring 3-8;

[0116] The central control and communication cabin 3-3 of the main floating body is located at the center of the main frame 3-7 of the main floating body, and serves as the data collection and processing center of the main floating body.

[0117] The magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 3-6 of the main buoy is located next to the central control and communication cabin 1-1 of the buoy and is connected to the central control and communication cabin 1-1 of the buoy via a data bus.

[0118] The coupling transceiver C3-1 and the coupling transceiver D3-2 are respectively installed at the lower end and the upper end of the main float main frame 3-7, and are connected with the main float magnetic induction data acquisition control cabin 3-6 through cables;

[0119] The main float battery cabin 3-5 is arranged at the lower part of the main float main frame 3-7; the main float buoyancy float 3-4 is symmetrically distributed around the frame; the main float electric rotating ring 3-8 is arranged at the connection position of the lower end of the main float main frame 3-7 and the inductive coupling cable C, so as to prevent the cable from being twisted;

[0120] The anchor synchronous observation equipment 7 is arranged on the main float main frame 3-7, and is used for sea current profile observation, and the observation data is directly collected into the main float central control communication cabin 3-3;

[0121] The main float is connected with the inductive transmission system 4 through the coupling transceiver C3-1, so as to collect the data of the lower observation equipment; and the main float transmits the observation data and the lower data to the inductive transmission system 4 through the coupling transceiver D3-2.

[0122] (Four) Inductive transmission system

[0123] As shown in Figure 1 , Figures 6-8 , the inductive transmission system in the embodiment is a multi-section inductive coupling cable, and there are three sections in the embodiment, which are an inductive coupling cable I (first section of cable system), an inductive coupling cable II (second section of cable system) and an inductive coupling cable III (third section of cable system); the inductive coupling cable I, the inductive coupling cable II and the inductive coupling cable III are connected through the communication float 1, the sub float 2, the main float 3 and the anchor mooring cable system 8, so as to not only provide physical connection but also form a data transmission channel;

[0124] The length of the inductive coupling cable I is 200 meters, the length of the inductive coupling cable II is 200 meters, and the length of the inductive coupling cable III is 600 meters;

[0125] The satellite communication device is connected to the upper end of the communication float 1, the coupling receiving device and the inductive coupling cable I with a length of 200 meters are connected to the lower end of the communication float 1; the sub float 2 is connected in sequence, the coupling transceiver B2-2 is connected to the upper end of the sub float 2, the coupling transceiver A2-1 and the inductive coupling cable II with a length of 200 meters are connected below the sub float 2; the inductive coupling cable II is connected to the main float 3, the ADCP 7-1 is embedded in the main float 3, the coupling transceiver D3-2 is connected to the upper end of the main float 3, the coupling transceiver C3-3 and the inductive coupling cable III with a length of 600 meters are connected to the lower end of the main float 3, the Kevlar cable 8-1, the glass float ball group 8-2, the parallel acoustic release 8-3, the buffer cable 8-4 and the anchor weight 8-5 are connected in sequence below the main float 3.

[0126] (Five) Anchor synchronous observation equipment

[0127] As shown in Figure 1As shown, the moored synchronous observation device 7 includes: multiple ADCP7-1, CTD7-2, temperature sensor 7-3, single-point acoustic current meter 7-4 and biogeochemical sensor 7-5;

[0128] In this embodiment, 7-5 is composed of 4 ADCP7-1 units, 20 CTD7-2 units, 20 temperature sensors 7-3 units, 2 single-point acoustic current meters 7-4 units, and 2 biogeochemical sensors.

[0129] ADCP7-1 is installed on the main buoy 3 for ocean current profile observation; CTD7-2 and temperature sensor 7-3 are respectively arranged at various intervals on the inductive coupling cable 4 to realize full profile temperature, salinity and depth monitoring.

[0130] A single-point acoustic current meter 7-4 is arranged at a designated node on the inductive coupling cable 4 to perform fixed-point current measurement; the designated node can be set at any part of the inductive coupling cable I, inductive coupling cable II, and inductive coupling cable III according to actual needs.

[0131] Biogeochemical sensors 7-5 are installed on the main float 3 and the sub-float 2, respectively, for monitoring biochemical parameters.

[0132] (vi) Anchoring cable system

[0133] The mooring cable system 8 is a multi-layered composite structure, including: Kevlar cable 8-1, glass float assembly 8-2, parallel acoustic release device 8-3, buffer cable 8-4, and anchoring weight 8-5;

[0134] The first end of the Kevlar cable 8-1 is connected to the third section of the cable system of the induction transmission system 4, and the second end is connected to the glass float assembly 8-2.

[0135] The glass float assembly 8-2 consists of multiple glass floats connected in series, providing the neutral buoyancy required by the system.

[0136] The parallel acoustic release device 8-3 adopts a dual-machine parallel redundancy mechanism, with its upper end connected to the glass float group 8-2 and its lower end connected to the buffer cable 8-4.

[0137] The buffer cable 8-4 is made of elastic material to absorb the impact vibrations caused by marine environmental loads; the end of the buffer cable 8-4 is fixed with an anchoring weight 8-5 to provide stable seabed anchoring.

[0138] (vii) Land-based data receiving system

[0139] like Figure 9 The diagram shown is a flowchart of the coupling communication process of the present invention. According to the flowchart, the land-based data receiving system 9 of this embodiment includes: a data receiver 9-1, a receiving antenna 9-2, a client receiver 9-3, and receiving software 9-4.

[0140] Data receiver 9-1 for receiving observation data transmitted by satellite communication, and carrying out preliminary data processing and storage;

[0141] The receiving antenna 9-2 is connected with the data receiver 9-1, for receiving satellite downlink signals, ensuring stable transmission of data;

[0142] The client receiving end 9-3 is used as a user interactive interface, which is divided into three forms of large screen display, PC terminal and APP terminal, supports multi-platform data access and monitoring;

[0143] The receiving software 9-4 is integrated in the client receiving end 9-3, for online inquiry and display of real-time marine environmental data transmitted by the intelligent submersible observation system; and provides retrieval and backtracking functions for stored historical observation data; and automatically generates time series graphs of temperature, flow rate, salinity and the like, supports custom chart types and export;

[0144] The land-based data receiving system 9 establishes bidirectional communication with the satellite communication device 1-8 of the communication float 1 through a satellite communication link, realizes real-time reception, processing, visualization and archiving of observation data, and forms a complete land-based data management closed loop.

[0145] As shown in Figure 2 The intelligent submersible observation system of the present application executes the following observation method, which comprises the following steps:

[0146] S1: Collecting marine environmental data according to the current set observation mode through the CTD 7-2, temperature sensor 7-3, ADCP 7-1 and biochemical sensor 7-5;

[0147] S2: Uploading the collected observation data through the coupling transceiver devices at each level of the induction transmission system 4, collecting and uploading data by the coupling transceiver device C3-1 and the coupling transceiver device D3-2 of the main float 3;

[0148] The sub-float 2 receives the main float data and the observation data on the induction coupling cable B4-2 through the coupling transceiver device A2-1 and the coupling transceiver device B2-2, and performs transfer processing;

[0149] The communication float 1 receives the sub-float data and the observation data on the induction coupling cable A4-1 through the coupling receiving device 1-7;

[0150] S3: The buoy central control communication cabin 1-1 of the communication float 1 sends all observation data to the land-based data receiving system 9 through the satellite communication device 1-8;

[0151] S4: The land-based data receiving system 9 receives data through the data receiver 9-1 and the receiving antenna 9-2, and real-time analysis, storage and visual display are performed by the receiving software 9-4;

[0152] S5: The user queries data, searches historical data, generates a parameter curve and exports data in real time through the large-screen display of the client receiving end 9-3, a PC terminal or an APP terminal.

[0153] As shown in Figure 3 the intelligent submersible multi-working mode control flowchart of the application, according to the step S1 described above, the execution of the multi-working mode of the embodiment includes the following steps:

[0154] S1.1: The observation data of the ADCP 7-1 and the high-frequency water temperature instrument are processed in real time by the intelligent sensing system 5 embedded in the sub-float 2, and it is judged whether an internal solitary wave occurs based on an internal solitary wave intelligent sensing algorithm;

[0155] As shown in Figure 4 , the research and development of the internal solitary wave intelligent sensing algorithm is as follows: a seawater temperature measuring instrument with a precision of 0.005℃ is developed, 1 group of data is collected per second, according to the internal solitary wave intelligent sensing process, the threshold value is initially set to 0.02℃, if the number of start-ups in a day exceeds 4, the 0.02℃ is adjusted larger, if the number of start-ups in a day is less than 2, the 0.02℃ is adjusted smaller. If the number of start-ups is between 2 and 4, it remains unchanged.

[0156] As shown in Figure 5 , the research and development of the intelligent detection embedded algorithm for near-inertial internal waves: almost all observations show that when significant wind-generated near-inertial internal waves occur, they account for about half of the energy in the ocean internal wave spectrum and have strong vertical shear (Fu 1981; Ferrari and Wunsch 2009; Alford et al. 2016), and the energy is maintained in the surface layer for at least one week, and in special cases, it can be maintained in the upper ocean for more than a month. Therefore, the intelligent submersible will construct an intelligent sensing algorithm for near-inertial internal waves based on this observation fact, mainly including low-frequency observation and high-frequency observation.

[0157] S1.2: The observation data of the ADCP 7-1 are processed by the intelligent sensing system 5, the energy proportion of the near-inertial internal wave in the ocean internal wave spectrum is calculated, and if the proportion exceeds the set value, it is determined that the near-inertial internal wave occurs;

[0158] S1.3: The decision system 6 switches the observation mode according to the event triggering result and the current mode in priority order, in order: internal solitary wave mode 6-1, near-inertial internal wave mode 6-2, and conventional mode 6-3;

[0159] S1.4: Execution mode switching: In this embodiment, the internal solitary wave acquisition mode 6-1: ADCP acquires data once every 5 minutes, CTD7-2 acquires data once every 1 minute, and the intelligent sensing system—high-frequency water temperature meter acquires data once per second; the near-inertial internal wave acquisition mode ADCP7-1 and CTD7-2 acquire data once every 10 minutes; the conventional acquisition mode ADCP7-1 and CTD7-2 acquire data once per hour, and the intelligent sensing instrument acquires temperature data once per second and calculates near-inertial internal waves once per day.

[0160] When an internal solitary wave occurs, the system enters internal solitary wave mode 6-1; when a near-inertial internal wave occurs, if the current mode is near-inertial internal wave mode 6-2 or internal solitary wave mode 6-1, the mode remains unchanged; if the current mode is conventional acquisition mode, the mode changes to near-inertial internal wave mode 6-2.

[0161] Forty minutes after the occurrence of the internal solitary wave, i.e., after the internal solitary wave ceases, it calculates whether a near-inertial internal wave has occurred. If a near-inertial internal wave has occurred, it enters near-inertial internal wave mode 6-2; if a near-inertial internal wave has not occurred, it enters conventional acquisition mode 6-3. When the intelligent sensing indicates that a near-inertial internal wave has not occurred, if the current mode is either internal solitary wave mode 6-2 or conventional acquisition mode 6-3, the mode remains unchanged; if the current mode is near-inertial internal wave mode 6-2, the mode changes to conventional acquisition mode 6-3. The sampling time intervals for internal solitary wave observation mode 6-1, near-inertial internal wave observation mode 6-2, and conventional observation mode 6-3 are 1 hour, 1 minute, and 10 minutes, respectively.

[0162] like Figure 9 The diagram shown is a flowchart of the coupling communication process of the present invention. In steps S4 and S5 of the present invention, the land-based data receiving system 9 further performs the following steps:

[0163] S4.1: The receiving software 9-4 decodes and performs quality control on the incoming real-time data, and automatically marks abnormal data points;

[0164] S4.2: Establish a structured database and store data according to time series, sensor type, and observation mode;

[0165] S4.3: Provides a multi-dimensional data query interface through the client receiver 9-3, enabling data to be filtered by time range, sensor ID, and observation mode;

[0166] S4.4: Automatically generates custom time-series curves of temperature, flow rate, and salinity parameters and exports them in standard formats such as CSV and NetCDF, including metadata description files;

[0167] S4.5: receiving software 9-4 remotely sends instructions to the communication float 1, realizing remote control of the mode reset, sensor calibration or system hibernation of the intelligent submersible observation system.

[0168] In summary, the present application provides an intelligent submersible observation system and method, which realizes real-time observation of multi-node and full-profile ocean environment by combining vertically layered float structure with inductive coupling transmission system. The system has intelligent sensing and decision-making capabilities, can automatically identify internal solitary waves and near-inertial internal waves based on high-frequency water temperature change rate and internal wave energy proportion, and adaptively switch the observation mode, significantly improving the pertinence and efficiency of data collection. The land-based data receiving system supports remote control and multi-dimensional data management, forming a full-link closed loop from sensing, transmission to processing. The present application fills the gap of existing submersible systems in long-term, high-frequency and real-time observation, and provides reliable technical support for marine dynamic process research.

[0169] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above description is only preferred embodiments of the present application, and the features described in various embodiments and / or claims of the present disclosure can be combined or combined, even if such combination or combination is not explicitly described in the present disclosure. It is not intended to limit the present application, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0170] Although preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art can make further changes and modifications to these embodiments once they know the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and changes of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application also intends to include these modifications and changes.

Claims

1. An intelligent underwater buoy observation system, characterized in that: The system adopts a vertically layered structure, including: a communication float (1), a sub-float (2), a main float (3), an inductive transmission system (4), an intelligent sensing device (5), a decision-making system (6), a mooring synchronous observation device (7), an anchoring cable system (8), and a land-based data receiving system (9). The communication float (1) is located at the top of the system and serves as a sea surface communication hub; the sub-float (2) is located directly below the communication float (1) and is connected to the communication float (1) through the first section of the inductive transmission system (4); the main float (3) is located directly below the sub-float (2) and is connected to the sub-float (2) through the second section of the inductive transmission system (4). The mooring cable system (8) is located at the bottom of the system and is connected to the main float (3) through the third section of the induction transmission system (4); The inductive transmission system (4) consists of multiple segments of inductive coupling cable, which connects the communication float (1), the sub-float (2), the main float (3) and the mooring cable system (8) to provide both physical connection and data transmission channel; The intelligent sensing system (5) and the decision-making system (6) are embedded inside the sub-buoy (2) and form a collaborative working relationship; the intelligent sensing system (5) is responsible for real-time monitoring of changes in the marine environment; the decision-making system (6) controls the observation mode according to the monitoring results; The sensors in the anchorage synchronous observation device (7) are distributed on each floating body to form a multi-node, full-profile observation network. The land-based data receiving system (9) establishes a remote data connection with the communication buoy (1) through satellite communication to realize the real-time reception and processing of observation data.

2. The intelligent underwater mooring observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication buoy (1) includes: a buoy central control communication cabin (1-1), a buoyancy buoy (1-2), a battery cabin (1-3), a buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (1-4), a main frame (1-5), an electric rotating ring (1-6), a coupling receiving device (1-7), and a satellite communication device (1-8). The buoy central control and communication cabin (1-1) is located at the upper center of the main frame (1-5) and serves as the core for data collection and processing. The buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (1-4) is installed in the middle of the main frame (1-5) and is connected to the buoy central control communication cabin (1-1) via a data bus; The satellite communication device (1-8) is located at the top of the main frame (1-5) and is connected to the buoy central control communication cabin (1-1) via a data cable; The battery compartment (1-3) is located in the lower part of the main frame and provides power to the buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control compartment (1-4) and satellite communication device (1-8) through cable lines; The coupling receiving device (1-7) is connected to the bottom of the main frame (1-5) via an electric rotating ring (1-6); The buoyancy floats (1-2) are symmetrically arranged around the main frame (1-5) and connected to the main frame (1-5) by mechanical fasteners, providing buoyancy support for the entire communication float (1).

3. The intelligent underwater mooring observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sub-float (2) is designed as an elliptical cylinder and includes: the sub-float body, coupling transceiver device A (2-1), coupling transceiver device B (2-2), sub-float central control communication cabin (2-3), sub-float buoyancy float (2-4), sub-float battery cabin (2-5), and sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (2-6). The central control and communication cabin (2-3) of the sub-float is located at the center of the main body of the sub-float and serves as the data processing and control core of the sub-float. The sub-buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (2-6) is located next to the buoy central control and communication cabin (1-1) and is connected to the buoy central control and communication cabin (1-1) via a data bus; The coupling transceiver device A (2-1) and coupling transceiver device B (2-2) are respectively installed at the lower end and upper end of the sub-float body, and are both connected to the sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (2-6) via cables; the coupling transceiver device A (2-1) and coupling transceiver device B (2-2) are respectively responsible for connecting downward to the main float (3) and upward to the communication float (1), forming a two-way data relay channel; The sub-float battery compartment (2-5) is located at the lower part of the sub-float body and provides power to various electronic components; The sub-buoyancy floats (2-4) are symmetrically distributed around the main body of the sub-buoy to provide buoyancy support; The intelligent sensing system (5) and the decision-making system (6) are embedded in the central control and communication cabin (2-3) of the sub-float; and the intelligent sensing system (5) processes the observation data of ADCP and high-frequency water temperature instrument in real time, and senses the occurrence of internal solitary waves and near-inertial internal waves through embedded algorithms; the decision-making system (6) switches the observation mode according to the priority order based on the event triggering result and the current mode.

4. The intelligent underwater mooring observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main float (3) includes: a coupling transceiver device C (3-1), a coupling transceiver device D (3-2), a main float central control communication cabin (3-3), a main float buoyancy float (3-4), a main float battery cabin (3-5), a main float magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (3-6), a main float main frame (3-7), and a main float electric rotating ring (3-8); The central control and communication cabin (3-3) of the main floating body is located at the center of the main frame (3-7) of the main floating body, and serves as the data collection and processing center of the main floating body; The main buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (3-6) is located next to the buoy central control and communication cabin (1-1) and is connected to the buoy central control and communication cabin (1-1) via a data bus; The coupling transceiver device C (3-1) and the coupling transceiver device D (3-2) are respectively installed at the lower end and the upper end of the main frame (3-7) of the main float, and are both connected to the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (3-6) of the main float through cables; The main floating body battery compartment (3-5) is located at the lower part of the main floating body main frame (3-7); The main buoyancy floats (3-4) are symmetrically distributed around the frame; The main float electric rotating ring (3-8) is located at the connection point between the lower end of the main float main frame (3-7) and the inductive coupling cable C to prevent the cable from twisting. The mooring synchronous observation equipment (7) is installed on the main frame (3-7) of the main float and is used for ocean current profile observation. The observation data is directly fed into the central control and communication cabin (3-3) of the main float. The main float is connected to the inductive transmission system (4) via a coupling transceiver device C (3-1) to collect data from the lower observation equipment; and transmits the observation data of the float and the lower data to the inductive transmission system (4) via a coupling transceiver device D (3-2).

5. The intelligent underwater mooring observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moored synchronous observation equipment (7) includes: multiple ADCPs (7-1), CTDs (7-2), a temperature sensor (7-3), a single-point acoustic current meter (7-4), and a biogeochemical sensor (7-5). The ADCP (7-1) is installed on the main float (3) for ocean current profile observation; the CTD (7-2) and temperature sensor (7-3) are respectively arranged at various intervals of the inductive coupling cable (4) to realize full profile temperature, salinity and depth monitoring. The single-point acoustic current meter (7-4) is arranged at a set node on the inductive coupling cable (4) to perform fixed-point current measurement; The biogeochemical sensors (7-5) are installed on the main float (3) and the sub-float (2) respectively, for monitoring biochemical parameters.

6. The intelligent underwater mooring observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mooring cable system (8) is a multi-layer composite structure, including: Kevlar cable (8-1), glass float assembly (8-2), parallel acoustic release device (8-3), buffer cable (8-4) and anchoring weight (8-5). The first end of the Kevlar cable (8-1) is connected to the third section of the induction transmission system (4), and the second end is connected to the glass float assembly (8-2). The glass float assembly (8-2) consists of multiple glass floats connected in series, providing the neutral buoyancy required by the system; The parallel acoustic release device (8-3) adopts a dual-machine parallel redundancy mechanism, with its upper end connected to the glass float assembly (8-2) and its lower end connected to the buffer cable (8-4). The buffer cable (8-4) is made of elastic material and is used to absorb the impact vibration caused by marine environmental loads; the end of the buffer cable (8-4) is fixed with an anchoring weight (8-5) to provide stable seabed anchoring.

7. The intelligent underwater mooring observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The land-based data receiving system (9) includes: a data receiver (9-1), a receiving antenna (9-2), a client receiver (9-3), and receiving software (9-4). The data receiver (9-1) is used to receive observation data transmitted via satellite communication and to perform preliminary data processing and storage. The receiving antenna (9-2) is connected to the data receiver (9-1) and is used to receive satellite downlink signals to ensure stable data transmission; The client receiving terminal (9-3) serves as the user interaction interface and is available in three forms: large screen display, PC terminal, and APP terminal, supporting multi-platform data access and monitoring. The receiving software (9-4) is integrated into the client receiving end (9-3) and is used to query and display real-time marine environmental data transmitted by the intelligent underwater mooring observation system online; it also provides the function of retrieving and backtracking stored historical observation data; and automatically generates time series curves of parameters such as temperature, current velocity, and salinity, supporting custom chart types and export. The land-based data receiving system (9) establishes two-way communication with the satellite communication device (1-8) of the communication float (1) through a satellite communication link, so as to realize the real-time reception, processing, visualization and archiving of observation data, forming a complete land-based data management closed loop.

8. A smart underwater mooring observation method, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Collect marine environmental data using the CTD (7-2), temperature sensor (7-3), ADCP (7-1), and biochemical sensor (7-5) according to the currently set observation mode; S2: The collected observation data is uploaded step by step through the coupling transceiver devices of the inductive transmission system (4). The main float (3) collects and uploads data through coupling transceiver device C (3-1) and coupling transceiver device D (3-2). The sub-float (2) receives data from the main float and observation data from the inductive coupling cable B (4-2) via the coupling transceiver device A (2-1) and the coupling transceiver device B (2-2), and performs relay processing. The communication float (1) receives data from the sub-float and observation data from the inductive coupling cable A (4-1) via the coupling receiving device (1-7); S3: The buoy control communication cabin (1-1) of the communication float (1) transmits all observation data to the land-based data receiving system (9) through the satellite communication device (1-8); S4: The land-based data receiving system (9) receives data through a data receiver (9-1) and a receiving antenna (9-2), and the receiving software (9-4) performs real-time analysis, storage, and visualization. S5: Users can query data in real time, retrieve historical data, generate parameter curves, and export data through the large screen display on the client receiving terminal (9-3), PC terminal, or APP terminal.

9. The intelligent underwater mooring observation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S1 includes the following steps: S1.1: The intelligent sensing system (5) embedded in the sub-buoy (2) processes the observation data of ADCP (7-1) and high-frequency water temperature meter in real time, and determines whether an internal solitary wave occurs based on the intelligent sensing algorithm of internal solitary wave. The internal solitary wave intelligent sensing algorithm is as follows: a temperature sensor collects one set of data per second, calculates the temperature change rate, and if the change rate exceeds a dynamic threshold, an event is triggered; if the number of triggers exceeds 4 times in a day, the threshold is increased; if it is less than 2 times, the threshold is decreased; if it is between 2 and 4 times, the threshold remains unchanged. S1.2: The intelligent sensing system (5) processes the observation data of ADCP (7-1) and calculates the energy ratio of near-inertial internal waves in the ocean internal wave spectrum. If the ratio exceeds the set value, it is determined that near-inertial internal waves have occurred. S1.3: The decision system (6) switches the observation mode according to the priority order based on the event triggering result and the current mode, namely: internal solitary wave mode, near-inertial internal wave mode, and normal mode; Among them: In the internal solitary wave mode, ADCP (7-1) is collected once every 5 minutes, CTD (7-2) is collected once every 1 minute, and the high-frequency water temperature meter is collected once per second; In near-inertial internal wave mode, ADCP (7-1) and CTD (7-2) were acquired once every 10 minutes; In normal mode, ADCP (7-1) and CTD (7-2) are collected once per hour, and the high-frequency water temperature meter is collected once per second and the near-inertial internal wave is calculated once per day. S1.4: Execution mode switching: When an internal isolated wave is detected, immediately enter the internal isolated wave mode (6-1); if a near-inertial internal wave is detected and the current mode is normal (6-3), switch to the near-inertial internal wave mode (6-2); if the current mode is already internal isolated wave mode (6-1) or near-inertial internal wave mode (6-2), maintain the original mode; S1.5: When the set time is reached after the occurrence of the internal solitary wave, re-determine whether the near-inertial internal wave has occurred: if it has occurred, enter the near-inertial internal wave mode (6-2); otherwise, enter the normal mode (6-3); if the near-inertial internal wave has not occurred and the current mode is near-inertial internal wave mode (6-2), switch back to the normal mode (6-3); otherwise, maintain the current mode.

10. The intelligent underwater mooring observation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In steps S4 and S5, the land-based data receiving system (9) further performs the following steps: S4.1: The receiving software (9-4) decodes and performs quality control on the incoming real-time data, and automatically marks abnormal data points; S4.2: Establish a structured database and store data according to time series, sensor type, and observation mode; S4.3: Provides a multi-dimensional data query interface through the client receiver (9-3) to enable data filtering by time range, sensor ID, and observation mode; S4.4: Automatically generates custom time-series curves of temperature, flow rate, and salinity parameters and exports them in standard formats such as CSV and NetCDF, including metadata description files; S4.5: The receiving software (9-4) remotely sends instructions to the communication buoy (1) to realize remote control of the intelligent underwater observation system's mode reset, sensor calibration, or system hibernation.

Images