Dust suppression system

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust suppression system which comprises a sealing device, a cavity is formed in the sealing device, a first air curtain piece and a second air curtain piece are arranged on the sealing device, the first air curtain piece is arranged in the circumferential direction of the sealing device, a discharging opening is formed in the sealing device, and the second air curtain piece is arranged in the circumferential direction of the sealing device. The second air curtain piece is arranged on the edge of at least one side of the discharging opening; and the dust removal device is communicated with the cavity so as to remove dust from gas in the cavity. According to the dust suppression system, by arranging the first air curtain piece and the second air curtain piece, instantaneous high-strength dust outbreak caused by high-position discharging is effectively suppressed, the problems of response lag of traditional spraying, positive pressure leakage of a physical awning and the like are solved, water spraying is not needed, and the dust suppression system can stably and effectively operate in extremely cold areas, drought areas, water shortage areas and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust control technology in mineral processing, and in particular to a dust suppression system. Background Technology

[0002] In the loading and unloading of materials such as ore, the high-drop impact of large heavy-duty trucks into the hoppers generates severe instantaneous dust, characterized by high concentration, rapid diffusion, and a large proportion of ultrafine dust. Existing dust suppression technologies generally suffer from problems such as incomplete physical sealing, weak resistance to external wind disturbances, low fine particulate matter capture efficiency, and high energy consumption. For example, while traditional wet spray dust suppression is widely used, it relies on water, which can easily freeze in the harsh winters of northern regions, leading to equipment failure or a sudden drop in performance, and making maintenance difficult. While physically sealed canopies can limit the range of dust diffusion, they are difficult to adapt to the dynamic movement of the truck body during unloading, and the turbulent airflow inside can easily create positive pressure zones, causing dust to escape through gaps. Existing technologies attempt to solve the above problems by combining dust curtains, air curtains, and negative pressure suction, but they still have significant shortcomings. The air curtain only serves as a one-way isolation barrier and does not utilize the airflow dynamics to form an "air cushion effect" to suppress dust. It is difficult to achieve rapid settling of dust generated by high-energy unloading. Furthermore, the system relies on negative pressure suction to capture escaped dust, but its capture efficiency for ultrafine dust is low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a dust suppression system that can effectively suppress instantaneous high-intensity dust bursts caused by high-level unloading, overcoming problems such as delayed response of traditional spray systems and positive pressure leakage of physical canopies.

[0004] The dust suppression system according to the present invention includes: a sealing device having a cavity formed therein, a first air curtain and a second air curtain provided on the sealing device, the first air curtain being arranged circumferentially along the sealing device, the sealing device having a discharge port, and the second air curtain being disposed at at least one side edge of the discharge port; and a dust removal device communicating with the cavity to remove dust from the gas inside the cavity.

[0005] The dust suppression system according to embodiments of the present invention effectively suppresses the instantaneous high-intensity dust outbreak caused by high-level unloading by setting a first air curtain component and a second air curtain component, overcoming the problems of traditional spray response lag and physical canopy positive pressure leakage, and does not require water spraying. The dust suppression system can operate stably and effectively in extremely cold, arid, and water-scarce areas.

[0006] In some embodiments, the dust removal device is connected to the cavity through a first channel, the dust removal device is used to remove dust from the gas in the cavity, the dust removal device is connected to the first air curtain and / or the second air curtain through a second channel, and the dust removal device delivers airflow to the first air curtain and / or the second air curtain through the second channel.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first air curtain component is arranged in a horizontal direction, and / or the second air curtain component is arranged in a vertical direction.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second air curtain element is arranged symmetrically.

[0009] In some embodiments, the sealing device is provided with at least one negative pressure gas collection hood, and the first channel communicates with the cavity through the negative pressure gas collection hood.

[0010] In some embodiments, the negative pressure gas collection hood is disposed on the top of the enclosed device, and / or, the negative pressure gas collection hood is disposed on the upper part of the side wall of the enclosed device.

[0011] In some embodiments, the total air volume of the negative pressure air collection hood satisfies:

[0012] Where i represents the number of negative pressure gas collection hoods. The wind speed at the outlet of the negative pressure air collection hood is denoted by F, and F is the area of ​​the hood opening of the negative pressure air collection hood.

[0013] In some embodiments, a dust baffle is provided at the discharge port, and the dust baffle is formed of a rubber component.

[0014] In some embodiments, the distance between the first air curtain component and the ground is 3m-5m.

[0015] In some embodiments, the dust suppression system further includes a control module, which is electrically connected to both the enclosure and the dust removal device.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a dust suppression system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure label: 100. Dust suppression system; 1. Enclosure device; 11. Cavity; 12. Discharge port; 13. Negative pressure air collection hood; 2. Dust removal device; 3. First air curtain component; 4. Second air curtain component; 5. First channel; 6. Second channel; 7. Control module. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] The following is for reference. Figure 1 A dust suppression system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the dust suppression system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a sealing device 1 and a dust removal device 2.

[0022] Specifically, a cavity 11 is formed within the enclosed device 1. A first air curtain component 3 and a second air curtain component 4 are provided on the enclosed device 1. The first air curtain component 3 is arranged circumferentially around the enclosed device 1. A discharge port 12 is formed within the enclosed device 1. The second air curtain component 4 is located at least one edge of the discharge port 12. The dust removal device 2 communicates with the cavity 11 to remove dust from the gas within the cavity 11. It can be understood that the cavity 11 formed within the enclosed space is used to accommodate the high-energy material impact zone and dust diffusion zone generated during truck unloading, effectively limiting the disorderly dispersion of dust into the external environment and providing a controllable spatial basis for subsequent air curtain suppression and dust removal purification.

[0023] The first air curtain component 3 is arranged circumferentially along the sealing device 1, forming a high-speed, directional jetting airflow curtain on the inner wall of the cavity 11. It forms a circumferential airflow constraint layer inside the sealing device 1, inhibiting the radial outward diffusion of dust, inducing the airflow in the cavity 11 to flow in a spiral downward direction, enhancing the centrifugal settling effect of dust particles, compensating for structural gap leakage caused by vehicle entry and exit and body undulation, improving overall sealing performance, and avoiding the problem of dust leakage caused by wear of traditional hard curtains.

[0024] The second air curtain 4 is installed on at least one side edge of the unloading port 12 of the sealing device 1. When the mine truck is unloading, a high-speed airflow is sprayed downward or obliquely from the edge of the unloading port 12. During the vehicle entry and unloading process, the unloading port 12 is dynamically sealed to prevent dust from directly spraying out from the opening. The air pressure is used to suppress and decelerate the high-kinetic-energy dust that has just been thrown out, reducing its initial flying energy. Together with the first air curtain 3, it guides the dust to converge towards the air inlet of the dust removal device 2.

[0025] The dust removal device 2 can be a multi-stage dust removal device 2. For example, the first stage can use a cyclone dust collector or an inertial settling chamber to pre-treat coarse particles; the second stage can use a bag filter or a wet scrubber to finely treat fine particles; and the third stage can add an electrostatic precipitator to enhance the collection of ultrafine dust.

[0026] The working process of the dust suppression system 100 in this embodiment of the invention is described as follows: First, the mining truck enters the enclosed device 1, and the second air curtain component 4 is activated, forming a downward air curtain at the unloading port 12; then, the truck lifts its bucket to unload the material, which falls into the hopper, generating intense dust; then, the first air curtain component 3 is activated, and a circumferential jet of airflow forms a downward spiral airflow field in the cavity 11, suppressing the rising dust; then, under the dual action of air curtain suppression and negative pressure diversion, the dust is guided to the inlet of the dust removal device 2; then, the dust-laden gas is discharged after multi-stage purification, and the clean air can be partially recycled for air curtain supply, realizing energy recovery; finally, after unloading is completed, the system runs for a short delay to ensure that the residual dust is completely removed before stopping the machine.

[0027] The dust suppression system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention effectively suppresses the instantaneous high-intensity dust outbreak caused by high-level unloading by setting a first air curtain component 3 and a second air curtain component 4, overcoming the problems of traditional spray response lag and physical canopy positive pressure leakage, and does not require water spraying. The dust suppression system 100 can operate stably and effectively in extremely cold, arid and water-scarce areas.

[0028] For example, the first stage uses a cyclone dust collector or inertial settling chamber to pre-treat coarse particles >50μm through centrifugal force and gravity settling, reducing the dust load of subsequent stages; the second stage uses a bag filter for fine filtration, capturing fine particles of 10-50μm (wet dust collection can be selected when environmental conditions permit); the third stage adds an electrostatic precipitator, using a high-voltage electric field to adsorb ultrafine dust <10μm. Furthermore, if only a two-stage dust collector is configured, the exhaust gas from the second stage is simultaneously distributed to the first channel 5 and the second channel 6, pressurized by a Venturi accelerator, with the second air curtain component 4 maintaining an anti-disturbance wind speed of 16-22m / s, and the first air curtain component 3 constantly generating a laminar air curtain of 1.5-2m / s. This improves the overall utilization rate of the exhaust gas, increases the system's energy efficiency, and achieves zero new emissions throughout the entire process.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1As shown, the dust removal device 2 is connected to the cavity 11 through the first channel 5. The dust removal device 2 is used to remove dust from the gas in the cavity 11. The dust removal device 2 is connected to the first air curtain 3 and / or the second air curtain 4 through the second channel 6. The dust removal device 2 delivers airflow to the first air curtain 3 and / or the second air curtain 4 through the second channel 6. Understandably, the first channel 5 connects the air inlet of the dust removal device 2 to the cavity 11 of the sealing device 1, which can actively draw dust-laden gas into the dust removal device 2, realizing centralized dust collection and purification. The second channel 6 connects the air outlet of the dust removal device 2 to the air inlet of the first air curtain component 3 and / or the second air curtain component 4, which is used to re-deliver the clean air after multi-stage purification to the air curtain nozzle to generate the first air curtain and / or the second air curtain. There is no need to draw in external cold air for pressurization, realizing the closed-loop circulation of airflow and efficient energy utilization within the system. The air curtain is generated using filtered clean gas, avoiding backflow of dust-laden airflow that could cause blockage or wear of the air curtain nozzles, thus improving the reliability and maintenance cycle of the dust suppression system 100.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first air curtain element 3 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and / or the second air curtain element 4 is arranged in a vertical direction. For example... Figure 1 As shown, it can be understood that the first air curtain 3 is arranged in the horizontal direction, that is, the first air curtain 3 is installed on the upper or middle horizontal ring of the inner wall of the enclosure device 1, with the nozzle facing inward, and spraying high-speed airflow in the horizontal tangential direction or slightly downward; the second air curtain 4 is arranged in the vertical direction, that is, the second air curtain 4 is located on the side or upper edge of the discharge port 12 (such as the two side columns or top beams), and its nozzle sprays airflow downward or obliquely downward.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second air curtain component 4 is arranged symmetrically. This ensures that the high-speed airflows ejected from both sides converge or fall parallel in the middle of the space, balancing the airflow pressure field and enhancing the ability to resist external wind disturbances.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sealing device 1 is provided with at least one negative pressure gas collection hood 13, and the first channel 5 is connected to the cavity 11 through the negative pressure gas collection hood 13. Figure 1 As shown, it can be understood that when the dust removal device 2 is running, a stable negative pressure is generated at the negative pressure collection hood 13 through the first channel 5, which actively draws in the surrounding dust-laden gas, preventing the dust from spreading disorderly in the cavity 11, thus improving the dust collection efficiency. By positioning itself in a high-dust-prone area (such as above the impact point), it ensures that the exhaust energy is concentrated near the pollution source, thereby improving the dust suppression efficiency per unit air volume and reducing the power consumption of the fan.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1As shown, the negative pressure dust collection hood 13 is located at the top of the enclosure 1, and / or, the negative pressure dust collection hood 13 is located on the upper part of the side wall of the enclosure 1. Further, it can be understood that the negative pressure dust collection hood 13 at the top of the enclosure 1 utilizes the natural upward trend of dust to capture the main plume of rising dust, preventing it from accumulating at the top and escaping through gaps; the negative pressure dust collection hood 13 on the upper part of the side wall of the enclosure 1 creates a localized low pressure laterally, guiding the airflow to the rear and side, preventing dust from diffusing towards the operating side or equipment area, thereby suppressing lateral dust diffusion, compensating for blind spots in the air curtain sealing, and balancing the internal pressure field of the enclosure 1.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the total air volume of the negative pressure air collection hood 13 satisfies:

[0035] Where i represents the number of negative pressure gas collection hoods 13. F is the wind speed at the outlet of the negative pressure air collection hood 13, and F is the area of ​​the hood opening of the negative pressure air collection hood 13.

[0036] For example, the number i of negative pressure gas collection hoods 13 is an integer from 3 to 5 (such as 3, 4, 5), the hood opening area F of a single negative pressure gas collection hood 13 is 6 to 8 square meters (such as 6 square meters, 6.5 square meters, 7 square meters, 7.5 square meters, 8 square meters, etc.), and the wind speed at the outlet of the negative pressure gas collection hood 13 is... The value ranges from 0.4 to 0.6 m / s (e.g., 0.4 m / s, 0.45 m / s, 0.5 m / s, 0.55 m / s, 0.6 m / s, etc.); for typical operating conditions, i=4. =0.5m / s, F=7 square meters, the calculated Q=4×0.5×7×3600=50400 cubic meters per hour, forming a high-speed airflow field covering the entire negative pressure dust collection area, which can effectively suck up the escaped dust.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, a dust baffle is provided at the discharge port 12, and the dust baffle is formed of rubber. It is understood that providing a dust baffle reduces the reliance on an air curtain, and a pure air curtain is prone to causing internal airflow turbulence at high wind speeds. With the assistance of the rubber part, a more stable airflow field can be used, thereby improving dust removal efficiency.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between the first air curtain component 3 and the ground is 3m-5m. It is understood that the first air curtain component 3 is close to the top height of the mining truck compartment. When the mining truck is unloaded from a high position, the material impacts the hopper and generates violent turbulence. Dust is sprayed upward at high speed. The area with the highest dust concentration usually appears at a height of 2-4 meters above the ground. Setting the first air curtain component 3 at a height of 3-5m, which is exactly at the top or upper edge of the high concentration area, can effectively intercept the dust from continuing to diffuse upward.

[0039] For example, the distance between the first air curtain component 3 and the ground can be 3m, 3.1m, 3.2m, 3.3m, 3.4m, 3.5m, 3.6m, 3.7m, 3.8m, 3.9m, 4m, 4.1m, 4.2m, 4.3m, 4.4m, 4.5m, 4.6m, 4.7m, 4.8m, 4.9m, 5m, etc.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the dust suppression system 100 further includes a control module 7, which is electrically connected to both the enclosure device 1 and the dust removal device 2. Thus, by incorporating the control module 7, the intelligence level of the dust suppression system 100 is improved, manual intervention is reduced, the risk of human error is lowered, and operational continuity and safety are enhanced.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0043] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dust suppression system characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of dust removal device and closed device, including: Closed device (1), cavity (11) is formed in the closed device (1), first air curtain piece (3) and second air curtain piece (4) are equipped on the closed device (1), the first air curtain piece (3) is arranged along the circumference of the closed device (1), and the closed device (1) is formed with discharge port (12), and the second air curtain piece (4) is arranged at at least one side edge of the discharge port (12); Dust removal device (2), the dust removal device (2) is communicated with the cavity (11) to dust gas in the cavity (11).

2. The dust suppression system of claim 1, wherein, The dust removal device (2) is communicated with the cavity (11) by first channel (5), and the dust removal device (2) is used to dust gas in the cavity (11), and the dust removal device (2) is communicated with the first air curtain piece (3) and / or the second air curtain piece (4) by second channel (6), and the dust removal device (2) is communicated with the first air curtain piece (3) and / or the second air curtain piece (4) by second channel (6) to transport airflow.

3. The dust suppression system of claim 2, wherein, The first air curtain piece (3) is arranged along horizontal direction, and / or, the second air curtain piece (4) is arranged along vertical direction.

4. The dust suppression system of claim 3, wherein, The second air curtain piece (4) is symmetrically arranged.

5. The dust suppression system of claim 3, wherein, At least one negative pressure gas collector (13) is provided on the closed device (1), and the first channel (5) is communicated with the cavity (11) through the negative pressure gas collector (13).

6. The dust suppression system of claim 5, wherein, The negative pressure gas collector (13) is arranged on the top of the closed device (1), and / or, the negative pressure gas collector (13) is arranged on the upper part of the side wall of the closed device (1).

7. The dust suppression system of claim 6, wherein, The total air volume of the negative pressure gas collector (13) meets: wherein i is the number of the negative pressure hoods (13), is the wind speed at the outlet of the negative pressure hood (13), and F is the hood opening area of the negative pressure hood (13).

8. The dust suppression system of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The position of the discharge port (12) is provided with a dust blocking piece, and the dust blocking piece is formed as a rubber piece.

9. The dust suppression system of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The distance between the first air curtain piece (3) and the ground is 3-5 m.

10. The dust suppression system of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, Further including: Control module (7), the control module (7) is electrically connected with the closed device (1) and the dust removal device (2).

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