A four-season intelligent switching control method and system for heating and cooling

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of waste heat utilization technology, and provides a four-season intelligent switching control method and system for combined cooling and heating, comprising: a dual-condition absorption heat pump for receiving operating condition commands and executing a first command for heat energy conversion; a waste heat supply module deployed as a first power source for transmitting waste heat from flue gas to the first power input terminal of the dual-condition absorption heat pump via a flue gas waste heat collection device; a steam supply module deployed as a second power source for transmitting steam heat energy generated by a steam turbine to the second power input terminal of the dual-condition absorption heat pump; a switching execution module determining a target operating mode according to the first command, and determining the heat distribution ratio between the first and second power sources according to the second command under the target operating mode; and an operation adjustment module controlling the output ratio of the waste heat flow rate of the first power source and the steam flow rate of the second power source through the heat distribution ratio to match the heat energy conversion requirements corresponding to the operating condition commands.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste heat utilization technology, and in particular to a four-season intelligent switching and control method and system for combined cooling and heating. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial production and large buildings, winter heating and summer cooling are two core energy demands. Traditional dual-mode absorption heat pumps handle both heating and cooling, but currently lack intelligent power source switching mechanisms to adapt to seasonal changes.

[0003] During winter heating, the lack of full integration of low-grade energy sources such as waste heat from flue gas and reliance on a single high-grade energy source leads to excessive energy consumption.

[0004] During summer cooling, the surplus steam from the steam turbine is not effectively utilized, requiring additional independent cooling equipment, resulting in energy waste and equipment idleness.

[0005] The patent with publication number CN118031284A, entitled "Multi-source heat pump and solar energy combined heating optimization control system," also proposes a dual-power-source heat pump. However, it only supports a single heating mode, making it unsuitable for all four seasons. Furthermore, its energy-saving design and energy stability are extremely low due to its reliance on solar energy, which is dependent on weather conditions, and the lack of a reasonable energy allocation method. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application proposes a four-season intelligent switching and control method and system for cooling and heating. It achieves dual-mode cooling and heating through a dual-condition heat pump, and provides flexible energy supply through waste heat and steam dual power sources, overcoming the limitations of single equipment or energy sources. The switching execution module dynamically decides the operating mode and heat distribution based on ambient temperature and energy-saving instructions, and the operation regulation module precisely controls the flow ratio to ensure efficient operation of the system in different scenarios such as winter and summer. By prioritizing the use of waste heat to reduce steam consumption, switching between dual power sources to avoid energy waste, and precisely regulating the flow to improve the heat pump COP value, the overall energy saving rate is improved compared with traditional systems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0008] Firstly, this application proposes a four-season intelligent switching system for both heating and cooling, comprising:

[0009] Dual-condition absorption heat pump; used to receive condition commands and execute the first command for heat energy conversion; wherein, the condition commands include heating condition and cooling condition, and the heat energy conversion includes heating conversion and cooling conversion;

[0010] Waste heat supply module; deployed as the first power source, used to transport waste heat from flue gas to the first power input end of the dual-condition absorption heat pump through the flue gas waste heat collection device;

[0011] Steam supply module; deployed as a second power source to deliver the steam heat energy generated by the steam turbine to the second power input of the dual-condition absorption heat pump;

[0012] The switching execution module is used to determine the target operating mode according to the first instruction, and under the target operating mode, determine the heat distribution ratio of the first power source and the second power source according to the second instruction; wherein, the first instruction represents the on / off state instruction of the first power source and the second power source at the ambient temperature, and the second instruction represents the preset heat energy saving instruction of the first power source and the second power source.

[0013] The operation adjustment module is used to control the output ratio of the waste heat flow of the flue gas from the first power source and the steam flow from the second power source by adjusting the heat distribution ratio, so as to match the heat energy conversion requirements corresponding to the operating conditions.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, the dual-condition absorption heat pump includes a cooling and heating co-control unit, used to heat / cool a target area according to operating condition commands; wherein,

[0015] When the heating and cooling co-operation control unit is configured to receive heating conditions, set a first temperature gradient and determine the heat storage period, heat release period and extreme load stage of the heating conversion based on the first temperature gradient.

[0016] The heat storage period is the stage in which both flue gas waste heat and steam heat energy overflow during heating operation.

[0017] The heat release period is when the heat storage is 0, and the heating load of the flue gas waste heat collection device and the steam turbine is less than 30% of the total heating load;

[0018] During extreme load periods, the heat storage is zero, and the total heating load of the flue gas waste heat collection device and the steam turbine ensures that the rated conversion efficiency of the dual-condition absorption heat pump does not exceed 50% of the total conversion efficiency.

[0019] The cooling and heating co-control unit is configured to set a second temperature gradient when receiving cooling conditions, and to set the high-load period and low-load period of cooling conversion according to the second temperature gradient.

[0020] During high-load periods, the dual-condition absorption heat pump operates at its rated cooling conversion power, and the real-time temperature in the target area is higher than the target temperature.

[0021] During low-load periods, the dual-condition absorption heat pump operates at a power lower than its rated cooling conversion capacity, and there is a cold storage overflow phase.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, the waste heat supply module includes a cascade heat exchange and recovery unit, a thermal resistance chain optimization unit, and an intelligent flow distribution unit; wherein,

[0023] The cascade heat exchange and recovery unit is used to set up a multi-stage series heat capture path, which includes a high-temperature section path, a medium-temperature section path, a low-temperature section path, and a condensation section path.

[0024] The thermal resistance chain optimization unit is used to configure sequentially sensed phase change heat transfer paths according to the graded heat capture paths.

[0025] The intelligent flow distribution unit is used to dynamically adjust the flow distribution coefficient of each heat exchange stage according to the phase change heat transfer path and the heat energy demand of the dual-condition absorption heat pump.

[0026] In conjunction with the first aspect, the steam supply module includes a cylinder-cutting coupling adjustment unit, a cascade thermal energy utilization unit, and a thermoelectric decoupling control unit; wherein,

[0027] The cylinder cutting coupling adjustment unit includes full cylinder cutting mode and partial cylinder cutting mode;

[0028] In the full cylinder cut-off mode, all steam heat energy is transferred to the dual-condition absorption heat pump.

[0029] In some cylinder-cutting modes, the heat energy demand for matching steam heat energy with heat energy conversion is dynamically delivered to the dual-condition absorption heat pump according to the heat energy demand.

[0030] The cascade thermal energy utilization unit is used to determine the target heating gradient according to the thermal energy demand, and drive the steam turbine to output steam thermal energy at the corresponding power according to the target heating gradient.

[0031] The thermoelectric decoupling control unit is used to dynamically adjust the real-time output of steam heat energy based on the thermal energy saving coefficient and ambient temperature.

[0032] In conjunction with the first aspect, determining the target operating mode according to the first instruction further includes:

[0033] Based on the preset range of ambient temperature, the current heat load demand level is determined; the correspondence between the ambient temperature range and the heat load demand level is dynamically updated based on historical operating data and real-time feedback from the heating network; the heat load demand levels include high load, medium load, and low load.

[0034] Based on the first and second power sources, determine the amount of waste heat and the amount of steam heat energy available;

[0035] Based on the current heat load demand level, the corresponding coordination mode is matched with the available waste heat and available steam heat energy to determine the target operation mode; among which, the coordination mode includes waste heat priority steam peak shaving mode, waste heat steam coordination mode and steam-dominated mode.

[0036] In conjunction with the first aspect, determining the heat distribution ratio between the first power source and the second power source according to the second instruction includes:

[0037] Based on the directive on energy conservation, indicators for assessing energy conservation potential are determined; among them, the indicators for assessing energy conservation potential include a dynamic ratio of energy consumption weight, carbon emission weight, and economic efficiency weight.

[0038] Based on the target operating mode, determine the marginal energy-saving benefits and heat source stability parameters of the first power source, as well as the peak-shaving elasticity coefficient and cascade utilization potential of the second power source.

[0039] Calculate the marginal energy-saving benefits and heat source stability parameters of the first power source, as well as the evaluation weights of the peak-shaving elasticity coefficient and cascade utilization potential of the second power source in the heat energy saving potential assessment index, and determine the heat allocation ratio.

[0040] In conjunction with the first aspect, the switching execution module is further configured to:

[0041] Based on the switching status commands, construct a working condition state matrix based on ambient temperature and heat load requirements;

[0042] A heat source contribution matrix is ​​constructed based on the target operating mode and heat distribution ratio.

[0043] The operating condition matrix and the heat source contribution matrix are cross-evaluated to determine the matching index. When the matching index is within the preset matching range, the first instruction and the second instruction are executed.

[0044] In conjunction with the first aspect, the operation adjustment module includes:

[0045] Flue gas waste heat control unit: used to determine the opening degree of the first power input terminal and the first heat flow of the dual-condition absorption heat pump according to the heat distribution ratio;

[0046] Steam flow control unit: used to determine the opening degree of the second power input terminal and the second heat flow of the dual-condition absorption heat pump according to the heat distribution ratio;

[0047] Matching determination unit: used to determine the input heat and output heat power of the dual-condition absorption heat pump based on the first heat flow and the second heat flow, and to match the output heat power with the heat energy conversion demand corresponding to the condition command to determine whether the heating demand is met.

[0048] In conjunction with the first aspect, the operation adjustment module includes:

[0049] Deviation fluctuation monitoring unit: used to monitor the deviation direction of the actual output heat power of the dual-condition absorption heat pump from the heat power required by the operating condition command, and at the same time collect the deviation amplitude of the heating network supply water temperature from the set temperature and the flow fluctuation status of flue gas waste heat / steam.

[0050] Cyclic correction unit: Used to determine the compensation logic parameters according to the deviation direction, and to fix the current compensation logic parameters when the deviation values ​​in the deviation directions are within the allowable range for N consecutive deviations according to the compensation logic; otherwise, to continue to compensate according to the compensation logic parameters until the deviation value converges.

[0051] Secondly, this application proposes a four-season intelligent switching control method for heating and cooling, the method comprising:

[0052] Receive operating condition commands and execute the first command for heat energy conversion; wherein, the operating condition commands include heating operating conditions and cooling operating conditions, and the heat energy conversion includes heating conversion and cooling conversion;

[0053] The waste heat from the flue gas is transferred to the first power input end of the dual-condition absorption heat pump through the flue gas waste heat collection device.

[0054] The steam heat energy generated by the steam turbine is delivered to the second power input end of the dual-condition absorption heat pump;

[0055] According to the first instruction, the target operating mode is determined, and under the target operating mode, according to the second instruction, the heat distribution ratio of the first power source and the second power source is determined; wherein, the first instruction represents the on / off state instruction of the first power source and the second power source at the ambient temperature, and the second instruction represents the preset heat energy saving instruction of the first power source and the second power source.

[0056] By controlling the heat distribution ratio, the output ratio of the waste heat flow rate of the flue gas from the first power source and the steam flow rate from the second power source is controlled to match the heat energy conversion requirements corresponding to the operating conditions.

[0057] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0058] This application's dual-mode heat pump achieves both cooling and heating, with waste heat and steam as dual power sources providing flexible energy supply, overcoming the limitations of single equipment or energy sources. The switching execution module dynamically decides the operating mode and heat distribution based on ambient temperature and energy-saving instructions, while the operation adjustment module precisely controls the flow ratio to ensure efficient system operation in different scenarios such as winter and summer. It prioritizes the use of waste heat to reduce steam consumption, avoids energy waste by switching between dual power sources, and improves the heat pump's COP value through precise flow adjustment, resulting in a higher overall energy saving rate compared to traditional systems.

[0059] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0060] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0061] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0062] In the attached diagram:

[0063] Figure 1 This is a system composition diagram of a four-season intelligent switching system for heating and cooling according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a four-season intelligent switching control method for heating and cooling systems, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of the cooling and heating coordinated control unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of the waste heat supply module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of the steam supply module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of the operation adjustment module in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0070] Example 1: First aspect, such as Figure 1 As shown, this application proposes a four-season intelligent switching system for both heating and cooling, comprising:

[0071] Dual-condition absorption heat pump; used to receive condition commands and execute the first command for heat energy conversion; wherein, the condition commands include heating condition and cooling condition, and the heat energy conversion includes heating conversion and cooling conversion;

[0072] In one embodiment of this application, a dual-mode absorption heat pump is an absorption heat pump capable of switching between heating and cooling modes. It can receive external commands and execute heating or cooling conversions. Dual-mode switching is typically achieved by changing the solution circulation path or the heat source / cold source interface: in heating mode, the heat pump absorbs heat from waste heat and releases heat to the heating end; in cooling mode, it absorbs heat from the cooling end and releases heat to a high-temperature heat source. Structurally, the dual-mode absorption heat pump mainly includes a generator, absorber, evaporator, condenser, and switching valve assembly. Operating mode commands are issued by the user, and the dual-mode absorption heat pump performs heat energy conversion according to the specific commands. The first command for heat energy conversion, in either cooling or heating conversion, utilizes the opening degree of specific valve assemblies of the waste heat collection device and the steam heat energy delivery device, i.e., the heat supply flow rate of the waste heat collection device and the steam heat energy delivery device. The first command also includes determining the current season and time, as well as the real-time temperature, to determine whether to execute a heating mode or a cooling mode.

[0073] Waste heat supply module; deployed as the first power source, used to transport waste heat from flue gas to the first power input end of the dual-condition absorption heat pump through the flue gas waste heat collection device;

[0074] In one embodiment of this application, the waste heat supply module is the first power source, recovering low-grade heat energy from the flue gas through a flue gas waste heat collection device and supplying it to a dual-condition absorption heat pump. The flue gas waste heat collection device is typically a heat exchanger, exemplarily including finned or tubular types, utilizing the temperature difference between the flue gas and the heat transfer medium, such as water or air, to recover heat. The recovered waste heat serves as the driving heat source input to the first power input terminal of the heat pump. Utilizing the waste heat energy of industrial flue gas reduces dependence on high-grade energy sources, lowering system energy consumption and operating costs. For example, the flue gas waste heat collection device consists of a finned heat exchanger, a ceramic membrane filter, and an induced draft mechanism, capable of recovering waste heat from industrial flue gas.

[0075] Steam supply module; deployed as a second power source to deliver the steam heat energy generated by the steam turbine to the second power input of the dual-condition absorption heat pump;

[0076] In one embodiment of this application, the steam supply module serves as a second power source, delivering the steam heat energy generated by the steam turbine to the second power input terminal of the heat pump. The steam from the steam turbine is high-grade heat energy and can serve as a supplementary power source when waste heat supply is insufficient. It is delivered through pipelines to the second power interface of the heat pump, working in conjunction with the waste heat to drive the heat pump's operation. This dual-power-source design solves the problem of unstable single waste heat supply, ensuring stable operation of the heat pump under extreme conditions through steam supplementation.

[0077] When using the waste heat supply module alone, energy efficiency can be improved. When using the steam supply mode alone, the stability of thermal efficiency can also be guaranteed. This application combines the waste heat function module and the steam supply module.

[0078] The switching execution module is used to determine the target operating mode according to the first instruction, and under the target operating mode, determine the heat distribution ratio of the first power source and the second power source according to the second instruction; wherein, the first instruction represents the on / off state instruction of the first power source and the second power source at the ambient temperature, and the second instruction represents the preset heat energy saving instruction of the first power source and the second power source.

[0079] In one embodiment of this application, the switching execution module acquires real-time temperature through an ambient temperature sensor and determines the target operating mode based on a preset first instruction logic. The second instruction is a preset energy-saving strategy, which calculates the optimal heat distribution ratio between waste heat and steam. It dynamically adjusts the operating conditions based on ambient temperature to ensure the system adapts to all seasons; it optimizes heat distribution by combining energy-saving instructions to maximize waste heat utilization and reduce steam consumption. The switching execution module sets the operating mode through the first instruction to improve response speed; then, based on the operating mode, it allocates the heat ratio between the two power sources to achieve precise flow distribution, dynamically matching the heat source quality with the ambient temperature. In actual implementation, the switching execution module can be a PLC control module or a PID control module.

[0080] The operation adjustment module is used to control the output ratio of the waste heat flow of the flue gas from the first power source and the steam flow from the second power source by adjusting the heat distribution ratio, so as to match the heat energy conversion requirements corresponding to the operating conditions.

[0081] In one embodiment of this application, the operation regulation module adjusts the circulating water volume of the flue gas waste heat collection device and the steam flow rate of the steam pipeline through a flow control valve, monitors the heat energy conversion demand of the heat pump in real time, and dynamically adjusts the flow ratio through a PID control algorithm to ensure that the input heat matches the demand, preventing heat supply overflow or insufficient supply. The operation regulation module is the execution terminal, accurately executing the flow allocation instructions and adapting to the actual heat energy conversion needs.

[0082] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows:

[0083] This application presents a dual-mode heat pump that enables both heating and cooling. The dual power sources of waste heat and steam provide flexible energy supply, overcoming the limitations of single equipment or energy sources. In heating mode, the dual power sources ensure high COP operation; in cooling mode, waste heat is the primary driving force, achieving low-carbon operation. The dynamic adaptation of these two methods maximizes energy efficiency throughout the year.

[0084] The switching execution module dynamically decides the operating mode and heat distribution based on ambient temperature and energy-saving instructions, while the operation adjustment module precisely controls the flow ratio to ensure efficient operation of the system in different scenarios such as winter and summer. It prioritizes the use of waste heat to reduce steam consumption, switches between dual power sources to avoid energy waste, and precisely adjusts the flow to improve the heat pump COP value, resulting in a higher overall energy saving rate compared to traditional systems.

[0085] In practical implementation, waste heat collection devices primarily utilize air-cooled heat, while steam heat energy delivery devices primarily utilize steam heat energy. When using separate flue gas waste heat and steam heat energy, the coefficient of performance (COP) of a dual-condition absorption heat pump is below 2.0. However, when using a combined dual-condition absorption heat pump, the COP of the steam heat energy component is related to ambient temperature, and the heat distribution ratio is dynamically adjusted, resulting in a COP greater than 2.

[0086] Example 2: Figure 3 As shown, the dual-condition absorption heat pump includes a cooling and heating co-control unit, used to heat / cool the target area according to operating condition commands; wherein,

[0087] When the heating and cooling co-operation control unit is configured to receive heating conditions, set a first temperature gradient and determine the heat storage period, heat release period and extreme load stage of the heating conversion based on the first temperature gradient.

[0088] In one embodiment of this application, the cooling and heating co-control unit is a control subunit integrated within a dual-mode absorption heat pump. By receiving operating condition commands, it dynamically adjusts the heating / cooling parameters of the heat pump to achieve temperature control of the target area. Based on real-time acquisition of the target area temperature and the heat parameters of the power source using temperature sensors, and combined with preset control logic, it outputs adjustment signals to match the heat pump's operation in heating or cooling mode to the needs of the target area. For example, during heating, the generator temperature is increased to enhance heating power, while during cooling, the evaporator temperature is decreased to improve cooling efficiency.

[0089] The first temperature gradient is the range of temperature difference between the target area and the ambient temperature under heating conditions. This range is divided into three periods—heat storage, heat release, and extreme load—during the continuous temperature control process. This division allows the heating process to dynamically adapt to actual heat demand, reducing energy waste. For example, during the heat storage period, excess heat is stored to prevent direct release; during the extreme load period, high-grade energy input is increased to avoid insufficient heating.

[0090] The heat storage period is the stage in which both flue gas waste heat and steam heat energy overflow during heating operation.

[0091] In one embodiment of this application, the heat storage period is a stage in which the total heat provided by the dual power sources exceeds the heating demand of the heat pump, and the excess heat can be stored.

[0092] The heat release period is when the heat storage is 0, and the heating load of the flue gas waste heat collection device and the steam turbine is less than 30% of the total heating load;

[0093] In one embodiment of this application, the heat release period is the stage in which the stored heat is exhausted, but the heating load from the dual power sources can still meet more than 30% of the total demand.

[0094] During extreme load periods, the heat storage is zero, and the total heating load of the flue gas waste heat collection device and the steam turbine ensures that the rated conversion efficiency of the dual-condition absorption heat pump does not exceed 50% of the total conversion efficiency.

[0095] In one embodiment of this application, the heat storage capacity is depleted and the total heating load of the dual power sources is insufficient, resulting in the heat pump conversion efficiency dropping to below 50% of its total conversion efficiency.

[0096] This application divides the ambient temperature range by a first temperature gradient and dynamically determines the current time period by combining the heat supply capacity of the dual power sources and the heating demand of the heat pump: during the heat storage period, heat overflows and the heat storage device is activated to store excess heat; during the heat release period, the heat storage is exhausted but the power source is still sufficient to maintain basic heating; during the extreme load period, the power source is insufficient and triggers an increase in steam flow or an auxiliary heat source to avoid a sharp drop in heat pump efficiency.

[0097] The cooling and heating co-control unit is configured to set a second temperature gradient when receiving cooling conditions, and to set the high-load period and low-load period of cooling conversion according to the second temperature gradient.

[0098] In one embodiment of this application, the second temperature gradient is the range of temperature difference between the target area and the ambient temperature under cooling conditions. The division of the second temperature gradient allows cooling capacity to be allocated as needed, preventing frequent start-stop cycles and energy efficiency degradation under continuous full-load conditions during cooling. By controlling different flow rates during low-load and high-load periods, the efficiency of the cooling phase can be improved, and the overall power consumption of the entire phase is reduced.

[0099] During high-load periods, the dual-condition absorption heat pump operates at its rated cooling conversion power, and the real-time temperature in the target area is higher than the target temperature.

[0100] In one embodiment of this application, a high-load period indicates that the real-time temperature of the target area is higher than the set target temperature, and the heat pump needs to operate at its rated cooling power to maintain the low temperature.

[0101] During low-load periods, the dual-condition absorption heat pump operates at a power lower than its rated cooling conversion capacity, and there is a cold storage overflow phase.

[0102] In one embodiment of this application, the low-load period indicates that the temperature of the target area has reached the standard, the heat pump can operate at a reduced frequency, and at this time the cooling capacity exceeds the demand, resulting in the overflow of cold storage.

[0103] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows:

[0104] This application utilizes temperature gradient segmentation and dynamic adjustment. During heating, the segmentation provides the switching execution module with a more precise basis for heat distribution ratios. For example, during extreme load periods, the steam ratio is automatically increased, and the operation and regulation module precisely controls the flow rate accordingly to avoid a sudden drop in efficiency. During cooling, the high / low load segmentation allows the operation and regulation module to dynamically adjust the waste heat / steam ratio, deeply coupling with the heat energy saving commands of the switching execution module to maximize energy-saving effects. With three heating periods and two cooling periods, the switching frequency of the two power sources is reduced. Instead of frequently disconnecting and starting the output solenoid valves of the two power sources, the heat flow of the two power sources is controlled, thus extending the equipment's lifespan.

[0105] Example 3: As Figure 4 As shown, the waste heat supply module includes a cascade heat exchange and recovery unit, a thermal resistance chain optimization unit, and an intelligent flow distribution unit; among which,

[0106] The cascade heat exchange and recovery unit is used to set up a multi-stage series heat capture path, which includes a high-temperature section path, a medium-temperature section path, a low-temperature section path, and a condensation section path.

[0107] In one embodiment of this application, the cascade heat exchange recovery unit is the core sub-unit for staged capture of waste heat from flue gas. By connecting heat exchange paths of different temperature ranges in series, it achieves full-temperature-range recovery of waste heat from flue gas. Waste heat from flue gas has a wide temperature range, and the quality of waste heat varies greatly across different temperature ranges. The cascade heat exchange recovery unit divides the flue gas into four paths according to the temperature gradient (from high to low): High-temperature path: using a high-temperature resistant heat exchanger to recover high-grade waste heat and directly drive the heat pump; Medium-temperature path: using a conventional heat exchanger to recover medium-grade waste heat to supplement the driving or preheating medium; Low-temperature path: using a high-efficiency heat exchanger to recover low-grade waste heat for auxiliary heating; Condensation path: using a condensing heat exchanger to recover latent heat in the flue gas, further improving waste heat utilization. Existing technologies for waste heat recovery mostly involve single-stage or two-stage heat exchange, which can only recover a portion of the high-temperature waste heat, while the low-temperature waste heat is wasted. By employing a four-stage series path, waste heat from flue gas is captured across the entire temperature range, from high to low temperatures, maximizing waste heat utilization and doubling the recovery rate compared to single-stage waste heat recovery. In this process, by subdividing temperature ranges, the recovery of low-grade waste heat, such as heat from the low-temperature and condensation sections, is improved.

[0108] The thermal resistance chain optimization unit is used to configure sequentially sensed phase change heat transfer paths according to the graded heat capture paths.

[0109] In one embodiment of this application, the thermal resistance chain optimization unit is used to optimize the sub-unit of heat transfer resistance in the staged heat transfer path, and reduces heat loss during the heat transfer process through sequential sensing monitoring and phase change heat transfer enhancement.

[0110] The thermal resistance chain refers to the total thermal resistance of each link in the heat transfer process from flue gas to the heat exchanger wall and then through the working fluid; for example: flue gas side convective thermal resistance, wall surface thermal conductivity thermal resistance, and working fluid side convective thermal resistance.

[0111] Sequential sensing monitors the thermal resistance distribution in real time by installing temperature and flow sensors along each heat exchange path. Phase change heat transfer paths utilize phase change working fluids in areas with high thermal resistance. Traditional waste heat recovery systems often suffer from excessive localized thermal resistance, leading to a decrease in overall efficiency, because they do not consider thermal resistance optimization. The thermal resistance chain optimization unit uses sequential sensing to locate thermal resistance bottlenecks and, combined with enhanced phase change heat transfer, can reduce total thermal resistance and improve waste heat recovery efficiency.

[0112] The intelligent flow distribution unit is used to dynamically adjust the flow distribution coefficient of each heat exchange stage according to the phase change heat transfer path and the heat energy demand of the dual-condition absorption heat pump.

[0113] In one embodiment of this application, the intelligent flow distribution unit is a control subunit that dynamically adjusts the proportion of working fluid flow in each heat exchange stage based on the heat pump's thermal energy demand and the real-time status of the phase change heat transfer path. It receives the thermal energy demand signal from the dual-condition absorption heat pump; combines this with the heat transfer efficiency of each path fed back by the thermal resistance chain optimization unit; calculates the optimal flow distribution coefficient for each path using an algorithm; and executes this calculation through a regulating valve. This improves the matching degree between waste heat supply and heat pump demand, avoiding problems such as insufficient flow in the high-heat section or wasted flow in the low-temperature section. The flow distribution coefficient, also known as the flow distribution ratio, is used to control the output of flue gas waste heat and steam heat.

[0114] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows:

[0115] The cascade heat exchange and recovery unit of this application achieves full-temperature-range waste heat capture, laying the foundation for efficient recovery. The thermal resistance chain optimization unit reduces thermal resistance and improves the heat transfer efficiency of each path through sensing and phase change heat transfer. The intelligent flow distribution unit dynamically allocates flow according to heat pump demand and heat transfer efficiency, ensuring that the recovered waste heat accurately matches the heat pump input demand. For example, in the process of low-grade waste heat recovery, mainly waste heat below 100 degrees Celsius, the waste heat is accurately distinguished through gradient capture of waste heat resources across the entire temperature threshold. The thermal resistance chain optimization unit uses phase change materials to reduce thermal resistance for efficient heat transfer. Finally, the output is adjusted by dynamically adjusting the flow distribution coefficient according to the heat energy demand of the waste heat resources, so that low-grade waste heat that was originally unrecoverable, or even whose recovery cost exceeded the recovery benefit, is converted into positive-value heat energy, and the recovery benefit exceeds the cost.

[0116] Example 4: Figure 5 As shown, the steam supply module includes a cylinder-cutting coupling regulation unit, a cascade thermal energy utilization unit, and a thermoelectric decoupling control unit; wherein,

[0117] The cylinder cutting coupling adjustment unit includes full cylinder cutting mode and partial cylinder cutting mode;

[0118] In the full cylinder cut-off mode, all steam heat energy is transferred to the dual-condition absorption heat pump.

[0119] In some cylinder-cutting modes, the heat energy demand for matching steam heat energy with heat energy conversion is dynamically delivered to the dual-condition absorption heat pump according to the heat energy demand.

[0120] In one embodiment of this application, the cylinder-cutting coupling adjustment unit is a control subunit in the steam supply module used to switch steam delivery modes, matching the heat pump's thermal energy demand through full or partial cylinder-cutting modes. The steam turbine achieves load regulation by shutting down some cylinders, reducing steam consumption. In full cylinder-cutting mode, when the heat pump's thermal energy demand is extremely high, all turbine cylinders operate, and all generated steam is delivered to the heat pump, ensuring maximum heating capacity. In partial cylinder-cutting mode, when the heat pump's thermal energy demand is low, some cylinders are shut down, outputting only the amount of steam needed to match the demand, avoiding waste caused by excessive steam delivery. This unit, through dual-mode switching, realizes the transformation of steam delivery from rigid supply to flexible matching, improving utilization and achieving full supply during high demand and precise supply during low demand.

[0121] The cascade thermal energy utilization unit is used to determine the target heating gradient according to the thermal energy demand, and drive the steam turbine to output steam thermal energy at the corresponding power according to the target heating gradient.

[0122] In one embodiment of this application, the cascaded heat energy utilization unit drives a turbine to output steam heat energy at different power levels according to the gradient changes in the heat energy demand of the heat pump. The target heating gradient is divided into multiple power levels based on the real-time heat energy demand of the heat pump. The gradient output adjusts parameters such as the steam inlet flow rate and rotational speed of the turbine to make the steam heat energy output change in stages according to the target gradient, avoiding efficiency fluctuations caused by sudden power changes. The multi-gradient output better matches the dynamic load demand of the heat pump and prevents efficiency decline under imprecise matching.

[0123] The thermoelectric decoupling control unit is used to dynamically adjust the real-time output of steam heat energy based on the thermal energy saving coefficient and ambient temperature.

[0124] In one embodiment of this application, a thermoelectric decoupling control unit is a control subunit that dynamically adjusts the steam output by decoupling heat demand from electrical demand. The core parameters are the thermal energy saving coefficient and the ambient temperature. Thermoelectric decoupling prioritizes ensuring heating demand while dynamically adjusting the steam output based on the thermal energy saving coefficient and ambient temperature, thus decoupling heat demand from electrical demand. Logically, a decrease in ambient temperature and an increase in heat demand lead to an increase in steam output; even if the electrical output decreases slightly, it is compensated for through grid peak shaving; and a low thermal energy saving coefficient and low steam utilization efficiency result in reduced steam output, avoiding inefficiency and waste. It also achieves a balance between energy saving and load stability, ensuring maximum steam utilization while meeting the heat pump's requirements through dual-parameter fine-tuning.

[0125] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows:

[0126] The cylinder coupling adjustment unit of this application provides basic mode switching and can quickly respond to changes in demand; the cascade thermal energy utilization unit can quickly respond to changes in demand while refining the gradient output within the mode, so that the energy supply matches the continuous changes in demand; the thermoelectric decoupling control unit can dynamically correct the output during the continuous change process through the thermal energy saving coefficient and the ambient temperature to ensure thermoelectric balance.

[0127] Example 5: Determining the target operating mode according to the first instruction further includes:

[0128] Based on the preset range of ambient temperature, the current heat load demand level is determined; the correspondence between the ambient temperature range and the heat load demand level is dynamically updated based on historical operating data and real-time feedback from the heating network; the heat load demand levels include high load, medium load, and low load.

[0129] In one embodiment of this application, the heat load demand level is determined by converting ambient temperature into a heat load demand level through a preset range of ambient temperature and a dynamically updated correspondence. The preset range divides the ambient temperature into multiple intervals based on historical data, with each interval corresponding to an initial heat load level. The dynamic update mechanism adjusts the correspondence between intervals and levels based on historical operating data and real-time feedback from the heating network; by collecting ambient temperature data in real time, the current heat load demand level is output once it falls within the corresponding preset range. The correlation determination of the current heat load demand level, achieved through dynamically updated correspondence, avoids misjudging high loads leading to steam waste or misjudging low loads leading to insufficient heating.

[0130] Based on the first and second power sources, determine the amount of waste heat and the amount of steam heat energy available;

[0131] In one embodiment of this application, determining the available waste heat and steam thermal energy includes real-time calculation of the actual usable heat from the first power source (waste heat) and the second power source (steam), providing an energy supply-side basis for coordinated mode matching. The available waste heat is represented by the real-time waste heat calculated using the flow and temperature sensors of the flue gas waste heat collection device, combined with the flue gas composition. The available steam thermal energy is represented by the real-time steam heat calculated using the steam pressure and temperature sensors of the steam turbine, combined with the steam enthalpy table. During dynamic correction, the available data is calculated using smoothed available data from power source fluctuations under a moving average algorithm, avoiding the influence of instantaneous fluctuations on the judgment and preventing incorrect coordinated mode selection due to overestimation / underestimation of power source capabilities.

[0132] Based on the current heat load demand level, the corresponding coordination mode is matched with the available waste heat and available steam heat energy to determine the target operation mode; among which, the coordination mode includes waste heat priority steam peak shaving mode, waste heat steam coordination mode and steam-dominated mode.

[0133] In one embodiment of this application, the coordinated mode matching involves selecting a corresponding coordinated mode based on the heat load demand level (demand side) and the available power source (supply side), ultimately determining the system's target operating mode. The waste heat-priority steam peak-shaving mode prioritizes the use of available waste heat, supplementing peak shaving with steam when waste heat is insufficient. The waste heat-steam coordinated mode supplies waste heat and steam in a fixed ratio, suitable for scenarios where both waste heat and steam availability are relatively abundant and demand is stable. The steam-dominated mode prioritizes steam availability over waste heat utilization, suitable for extreme conditions where waste heat availability is extremely low. By flexibly matching these three coordinated modes, the system can maintain efficient operation under different operating conditions.

[0134] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows:

[0135] This application's heat load demand level determination provides accurate demand-side signals, avoiding mode mismatch caused by demand misjudgment; the power source availability assessment provides reliable supply-side data, ensuring mode matching is based on actual energy supply capacity; and the coordinated mode matching dynamically selects the optimal mode based on both demand and supply dimensions, achieving on-demand allocation and adaptation to local conditions. For example, in extreme weather conditions, traditional fixed thresholds may require several hours of heat energy transformation when switching to a high-load mode. This application, through dynamically updated temperature and load relationships, can directly switch to a steam-dominated mode.

[0136] Example 6: Determine the heat distribution ratio between the first power source and the second power source according to the second instruction, including:

[0137] Based on the directive on energy conservation, indicators for assessing energy conservation potential are determined; among them, the indicators for assessing energy conservation potential include a dynamic ratio of energy consumption weight, carbon emission weight, and economic efficiency weight.

[0138] In one embodiment of this application, the thermal energy saving potential assessment index is constructed based on thermal energy saving directives, and includes a dynamically weighted assessment index comprising three dimensions: energy consumption, carbon emissions, and economic efficiency. This index is used to quantify the energy-saving potential of different heat allocation schemes. The energy consumption weight represents the priority of reducing energy consumption; the carbon emission weight represents the priority of reducing carbon emissions; and the economic efficiency weight represents the priority of cost control. The dynamic weighting mechanism switches weights according to scenarios and calculates the comprehensive energy-saving potential through a weighted summation formula. By dynamically weighting these three dimensions, the potential for energy saving may increase costs but also increase carbon emissions, while accurately determining the specific thermal energy saved.

[0139] Based on the target operating mode, determine the marginal energy-saving benefits and heat source stability parameters of the first power source, as well as the peak-shaving elasticity coefficient and cascade utilization potential of the second power source.

[0140] In one embodiment of this application, the extraction of power source characteristic parameters involves extracting key characteristic parameters of the first and second power sources based on the target operating mode. The first power source parameters include: marginal energy-saving benefit calculated by comparing available waste heat with baseline energy consumption; heat source stability parameters calculated by statistically analyzing historical data on waste heat supply fluctuations; and the second power source parameters include: peak-shaving elasticity coefficient calculated by the rated power and response time of steam output; and cascade utilization potential calculated by the proportion of usable heat from steam at different temperature ranges. By calculating the available energy and monitoring the parameters of the first and second power sources in real time, the maximum energy-saving capacity under the target operating mode can be determined more accurately.

[0141] In one embodiment of this application, the target operating mode is associated with the following modes: under the waste heat priority steam peak shaving mode, the focus is on extracting the marginal energy-saving benefits of waste heat and the peak shaving elasticity coefficient of steam; under the steam-dominated mode, the focus is on extracting the potential for cascade utilization of steam.

[0142] Calculate the marginal energy-saving benefits and heat source stability parameters of the first power source, as well as the evaluation weights of the peak-shaving elasticity coefficient and cascade utilization potential of the second power source in the heat energy saving potential assessment index, and determine the heat allocation ratio.

[0143] In one embodiment of this application, during weight evaluation, the dynamic weights of the power source characteristic parameters and the thermal energy saving potential evaluation index are combined, and the heat allocation ratio is finally determined through weight calculation. The weight calculation is performed by assigning weights to each power source parameter based on its correlation with the evaluation index; the ratio determination logic is to compare the comprehensive weight coefficients of the first and second power sources by weighted summation, and allocate heat according to the weight proportion.

[0144] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows:

[0145] In this application, the evaluation index determination provides a multi-objective optimization framework, clearly defining the priority and dynamic adjustment rules for energy saving, low carbon, and economy; parameter extraction fills the framework with quantitative characteristic data of the power source, ensuring that the evaluation is based on objective facts rather than subjective experience; weight evaluation and proportion determination transform the target framework and characteristic data into specific allocation proportions through quantitative calculations, and determine the final allocation proportions through evaluation indexes and a more objective evaluation method, which can maximize energy saving capabilities.

[0146] Example 7: The switching execution module is also used for:

[0147] Based on the switching status commands, construct a working condition state matrix based on ambient temperature and heat load requirements;

[0148] In one embodiment of this application, the operating condition matrix is ​​a two-dimensional data matrix constructed based on switch-on state commands, using ambient temperature and heat load demand as dimensions. It is used to quantitatively characterize the current operating condition of the system. Switch-on state commands represent the start signal that triggers the matrix construction. The matrix construction logic involves dividing the ambient temperature into n intervals and the heat load demand into m levels, forming an n×m matrix. Matrix elements are labeled with operating condition types using historical data and assigned operating condition characteristic values. By using matrix form to structurally map multi-dimensional operating condition data, ambient temperature and heat load demand are transformed from isolated variables into coupled operating conditions, improving the comprehensiveness of allocation decisions.

[0149] A heat source contribution matrix is ​​constructed based on the target operating mode and heat distribution ratio.

[0150] In one embodiment of this application, the heat source contribution matrix is ​​constructed based on the target operating mode and heat allocation ratio. It is a two-dimensional data matrix built with mode and ratio as dimensions, used to quantitatively characterize the contribution capability of the heat source. The target operating mode indicates that the row vector includes any one of the modes of waste heat priority peak shaving, collaborative operation, or steam dominance. The heat allocation ratio indicates that the column vector includes a typical ratio range; the matrix element definition indicates that the heat source contribution under a specific mode-ratio combination is labeled using simulation or experimental data. The heat source contribution matrix integrates the operating mode and the specific heat allocation ratio, preventing evaluation errors.

[0151] The operating condition matrix and the heat source contribution matrix are cross-evaluated to determine the matching index. When the matching index is within the preset matching range, the first instruction and the second instruction are executed.

[0152] In one embodiment of this application, matrix cross-evaluation assesses the degree of matching between operating conditions and heat source contributions through matrix operations. Switching commands are executed only when the matching degree meets the standard, ensuring the system operates under optimal conditions. A matrix similarity algorithm is used to calculate the degree of matching between the operating condition matrix and the heat source contribution matrix. This application achieves pre-verification before command execution through matrix cross-evaluation, avoiding invalid switching or inefficient operation, thus realizing global matching of multiple operating conditions and multiple heat sources. Matrix cross-evaluation comprehensively considers all operating condition-heat source combinations, improving the reliability of decision-making.

[0153] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows:

[0154] This application achieves operating condition structuring through an operating condition state matrix and heat source structuring through a heat source contribution matrix. The resulting matching index, along with the execution of the first and second instructions, enables cross-evaluation and gradually improves the specific index of accurate matching, ultimately enhancing the accuracy of heat energy output decisions.

[0155] Example 8: As Figure 6 As shown, the operation adjustment module includes:

[0156] Flue gas waste heat control unit: used to determine the opening degree of the first power input terminal and the first heat flow of the dual-condition absorption heat pump according to the heat distribution ratio;

[0157] In one embodiment of this application, the flue gas waste heat control unit is a subunit of the operation regulation module used to control the dual-condition absorption heat pump input of the first power source (waste heat). It achieves precise heat flow control by adjusting the opening degree. The heat distribution ratio is correlated. The opening degree control logic adjusts the opening degree of the regulating valve at the first power input end according to the target heat flow, and provides real-time feedback through a flow sensor, forming a closed-loop control. The first heat flow is calculated based on the flow rate, temperature, and specific heat capacity of the waste heat medium. The aim is to dynamically adjust the opening degree through the heat distribution ratio, improve the accuracy of heat flow control, ensure that waste heat is accurately input as needed, and avoid waste or insufficient waste heat. Through the linkage control of the distribution ratio, opening degree, and heat flow, the input of waste heat and specific energy supply needs can also be matched.

[0158] Steam flow control unit: used to determine the opening degree of the second power input terminal and the second heat flow of the dual-condition absorption heat pump according to the heat distribution ratio;

[0159] In one embodiment of this application, a steam flow control unit is used in the operation and regulation module to control the input of a dual-condition absorption heat pump for the second power source (steam). It works in conjunction with the flue gas waste heat control unit to achieve precise matching of steam heat flow. The heat distribution ratio is calculated based on the steam percentage to determine the required steam heat flow. The opening control logic adjusts the opening of the steam regulating valve at the second power input terminal according to the target heat flow, and is corrected using data from steam pressure and temperature sensors. The second heat flow is calculated based on a steam flow and enthalpy table. The calculation of the second power input terminal opening and the second heat flow ensures that the steam input and waste heat input are proportionally coordinated, preventing output fluctuations.

[0160] Matching determination unit: used to determine the input heat and output heat power of the dual-condition absorption heat pump based on the first heat flow and the second heat flow, and to match the output heat power with the heat energy conversion demand corresponding to the condition command to determine whether the heating demand is met.

[0161] In one embodiment of this application, the matching determination unit is a subunit in the operation adjustment module used to verify whether the heat pump input and output match the actual demand. Heat energy conversion demand matching refers to the heat energy conversion demand in the operating condition command, used to compare the output heat power with the demand value; by directly matching the output heat power with the demand, an upgrade from input control to output assurance is achieved, improving the heating demand satisfaction rate, preventing invalid input, and realizing integrated adjustment and verification.

[0162] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows:

[0163] The flue gas waste heat control unit and steam flow control unit of this application are linked to adjust their opening based on the same heat distribution ratio, so as to ensure that the waste heat and steam heat flow are accurately input in proportion and the total heat flow is stable. The matching judgment unit of this application takes the output heat power as the core and performs closed-loop control to verify the effectiveness of the input heat. The combination of the three improves the stability of energy supply.

[0164] Example 9: The operation adjustment module includes:

[0165] Deviation fluctuation monitoring unit: used to monitor the deviation direction of the actual output heat power of the dual-condition absorption heat pump from the heat power required by the operating condition command, and at the same time collect the deviation amplitude of the heating network supply water temperature from the set temperature and the flow fluctuation status of flue gas waste heat / steam.

[0166] In one embodiment of this application, the deviation fluctuation monitoring unit's operation adjustment module includes a sub-unit for real-time monitoring of system output deviation and key parameter fluctuations, providing multi-dimensional input data for cyclic correction. Deviation direction monitoring determines the deviation sign (positive / negative) by comparing the actual output heat power with the required heat power under the operating condition, reflecting over-compensation or under-compensation. Temperature deviation amplitude monitoring collects the actual temperature from the heating network water supply temperature sensor and calculates the absolute deviation value compared to the set temperature, reflecting the actual temperature fluctuations felt by end users. Flow fluctuation status monitoring collects real-time flow from the waste heat / steam flow sensor and calculates the fluctuation coefficient per unit time, reflecting the stability of the heat source input. Data fusion integrates the deviation direction, temperature deviation amplitude, and flow fluctuation status into a comprehensive deviation fluctuation signal, which serves as the input to the cyclic correction unit. Through multi-dimensional real-time detection of deviation direction, temperature deviation amplitude, and flow fluctuation, the deviation trend can be predicted, rather than passively recorded, leading to blind parameter compensation. For example, a negative output deviation may originate from steam flow fluctuations rather than insufficient waste heat.

[0167] Cyclic correction unit: Used to determine the compensation logic parameters according to the deviation direction, and to fix the current compensation logic parameters when the deviation values ​​in the deviation directions are within the allowable range for N consecutive deviations according to the compensation logic; otherwise, to continue to compensate according to the compensation logic parameters until the deviation value converges.

[0168] In one embodiment of this application, the cyclic correction unit is a sub-unit in the operation adjustment module that dynamically adjusts compensation parameters based on deviation fluctuation detection results to achieve deviation convergence. The compensation logic parameters are determined by calculating them based on the deviation direction, combined with the temperature deviation amplitude and flow fluctuation status. A condition for N consecutive judgments is established: N is an empirical value, for example, 5 times, set according to the system response speed to ensure the deviation remains stable within the allowable range, avoiding rebounds caused by stopping correction immediately upon occasional spikes. Parameter fixing and continuous compensation: if the deviation values ​​are all within the allowable range for N consecutive times, the system is determined to have entered a stable state, and the compensation logic parameters are fixed; otherwise, the waste heat / steam heat flow is continuously adjusted according to the compensation logic parameters until the deviation converges. That is, through the mechanism of cyclic correction and parameter fixing, the compensation parameters achieve self-learning and stabilization, preventing deviation oscillations caused by excessively large parameters and slow convergence caused by excessively small parameters, thus achieving a balance between compensation speed and stability through dynamic adjustment and parameter fixation.

[0169] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows:

[0170] The deviation fluctuation monitoring unit of this application provides multi-dimensional data on the deviation direction (why the deviation occurs) and temperature deviation magnitude (how significant the impact), thereby determining the flow fluctuation status (whether there is interference) and providing a cause for correction. The cyclic correction unit dynamically adjusts the compensation parameters based on the diagnostic results and ensures stable correction effect through N consecutive judgments, avoiding superficial solutions. This application improves stability under complex operating conditions, such as sudden changes in ambient temperature and fluctuations in user load, by ensuring the comprehensiveness of deviation data and accurately adjusting parameters.

[0171] Example 10: As Figure 2 As shown, this application proposes a four-season intelligent switching control method for heating and cooling, the method comprising:

[0172] Receive operating condition commands and execute the first command for heat energy conversion; wherein, the operating condition commands include heating operating conditions and cooling operating conditions, and the heat energy conversion includes heating conversion and cooling conversion;

[0173] The waste heat from the flue gas is transferred to the first power input end of the dual-condition absorption heat pump through the flue gas waste heat collection device.

[0174] The steam heat energy generated by the steam turbine is delivered to the second power input end of the dual-condition absorption heat pump;

[0175] According to the first instruction, the target operating mode is determined, and under the target operating mode, according to the second instruction, the heat distribution ratio of the first power source and the second power source is determined; wherein, the first instruction represents the on / off state instruction of the first power source and the second power source at the ambient temperature, and the second instruction represents the preset heat energy saving instruction of the first power source and the second power source.

[0176] By controlling the heat distribution ratio, the output ratio of the waste heat flow rate of the flue gas from the first power source and the steam flow rate from the second power source is controlled to match the heat energy conversion requirements corresponding to the operating conditions.

[0177] The specific implementation process of this application has been described in detail in the above-described system embodiments, and the above methods are also applicable, so they will not be repeated here.

[0178] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A four-season cold and heat combined intelligent switching system, characterized in that, Comprise: A double-mode absorption heat pump; A first instruction for receiving a working condition instruction and performing heat energy conversion; wherein the working condition instruction comprises a heating condition and a refrigeration condition, and the heat energy conversion comprises a heat supply conversion and a refrigeration conversion; A waste heat supply module; deployed as a first power source, for delivering flue gas waste heat to a first power input end of the double-mode absorption heat pump through a flue gas waste heat collection device; A steam supply module; deployed as a second power source, for delivering steam heat energy generated by a steam turbine to a second power input end of the double-mode absorption heat pump; A switching execution module; for determining a target operating mode according to the first instruction, and determining a heat distribution ratio of the first power source and the second power source according to a second instruction in the target operating mode; wherein the first instruction represents an on-off state instruction of the first power source and the second power source at an ambient temperature, and the second instruction represents a preset heat energy saving instruction of the first power source and the second power source; An operating adjustment module; for controlling the output ratio of the flue gas waste heat flow of the first power source and the steam flow of the second power source through the heat distribution ratio, to match the heat energy conversion demand corresponding to the working condition instruction.

2. The four-season cold-heat combined intelligent switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The double-mode absorption heat pump comprises a cold-heat collaborative control unit for heating / cooling a target area according to the working condition instruction; wherein, The cold-heat collaborative control unit is configured to set a first temperature gradient when receiving the heating condition, and determine a heat storage period, a heat release period and an extreme load stage of the heat supply conversion according to the first temperature gradient; The heat storage period is a stage where both flue gas waste heat and steam heat energy exist in the heating condition and there is heat overflow; The heat release period is a stage where the heat storage amount is 0, and the heat supply load of the flue gas waste heat collection device and the steam turbine is less than 30% of the total heat supply load; The extreme load stage is a stage where the heat storage amount is 0, and the total heat supply load of the flue gas waste heat collection device and the steam turbine makes the rated conversion efficiency of the double-mode absorption heat pump heat supply conversion not more than 50% of the total conversion efficiency; The cold-heat collaborative control unit is configured to set a second temperature gradient when receiving the refrigeration condition, and set a high load period and a low load period of the refrigeration conversion according to the second temperature gradient; The high load period is a stage where the double-mode absorption heat pump operates at a rated refrigeration conversion power, and the real-time temperature of the target area is higher than the target temperature; The low load period is a stage where the double-mode absorption heat pump operates at a power lower than the rated refrigeration conversion power, and there is a cold storage overflow stage.

3. The four-season cold-heat combined intelligent switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste heat supply module comprises a stepped heat recovery unit, a thermal resistance chain optimization unit and an intelligent flow distribution unit; wherein, The stepped heat recovery unit is used to set a multi-stage serial heat capture path, which comprises a high-temperature segment path, a medium-temperature segment path, a low-temperature segment path and a condensation segment path; The thermal resistance chain optimization unit is used to configure a sequentially sensed phase change heat transfer path according to the heat capture path; The intelligent flow distribution unit is used to dynamically adjust the flow distribution coefficient of each heat exchange stage according to the phase change heat transfer path and the heat energy demand of the double-mode absorption heat pump.

4. The four-season cold-heat combined intelligent switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam supply module comprises a cut-cylinder coupling adjustment unit, a stepped heat energy utilization unit and a thermal-electric decoupling control unit; wherein, The cut-cylinder coupling adjustment unit comprises a full cut-cylinder mode and a partial cut-cylinder mode; The full-cut cylinder mode is that the steam heat energy is entirely delivered to the double-working-condition absorption heat pump; The partial-cut cylinder mode is that the steam heat energy is delivered to the double-working-condition absorption heat pump according to the heat energy demand, and the steam heat energy is dynamically delivered to the double-working-condition absorption heat pump according to the heat energy demand; The gradient heat energy utilization unit is used for determining a target heat supply gradient according to the heat energy demand, and driving the steam turbine to output steam heat energy at the corresponding power according to the target heat supply gradient; The thermal-electric decoupling control unit is used for dynamically adjusting the output of real-time steam heat energy according to the heat energy saving coefficient and the ambient temperature.

5. The four-season cold-heat combined intelligent switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target operation mode is determined according to the first instruction, and the target operation mode further comprises: determining the current heat load demand level according to the preset interval of the ambient temperature, wherein the corresponding relationship between the ambient temperature interval and the heat load demand level is dynamically updated based on historical operation data and real-time heat network feedback; the heat load demand level comprises high load, medium load and low load; determining the available amount of waste heat and the available amount of steam heat energy according to the first power source and the second power source; determining the target operation mode according to the collaborative mode corresponding to the available amount of waste heat and the available amount of steam heat energy according to the current heat load demand level; wherein the collaborative mode comprises a waste heat priority steam peak shaving mode, a waste heat and steam collaborative mode and a steam dominant mode.

6. The four-season cold-heat combined intelligent switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat distribution ratio of the first power source and the second power source is determined according to the second instruction, and the heat distribution ratio comprises: determining a heat energy saving potential evaluation index according to a heat energy saving instruction; wherein the heat energy saving potential evaluation index comprises a dynamic proportioning of energy consumption weight, carbon emission weight and economic weight; determining the marginal energy saving benefit and the heat source stability parameter of the first power source, and the peak shaving elasticity coefficient and the gradient utilization potential of the second power source according to the target operation mode; calculating the evaluation weight of the marginal energy saving benefit and the heat source stability parameter of the first power source, and the peak shaving elasticity coefficient and the gradient utilization potential of the second power source in the heat energy saving potential evaluation index to determine the heat distribution ratio.

7. The four-season cold-heat combined intelligent switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching execution module is further used for: building a working condition state matrix based on the ambient temperature and the heat load demand according to the switch state instruction; building a heat source contribution matrix according to the target operation mode and the heat distribution ratio; cross-evaluating the working condition state matrix and the heat source contribution matrix to determine a matching degree index, and executing the first instruction and the second instruction when the matching degree index is within a preset matching degree interval.

8. The four-season cold-heat combined intelligent switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operation adjustment module comprises: a flue gas waste heat control unit for determining the first power input end opening degree and the first heat flow of the double-working-condition absorption heat pump according to the heat distribution ratio; a steam flow control unit for determining the second power input end opening degree and the second heat flow of the double-working-condition absorption heat pump according to the heat distribution ratio; a matching determination unit for determining the input heat and the output heat power of the double-working-condition absorption heat pump according to the first heat flow and the second heat flow, and matching the output heat power with the heat energy conversion demand corresponding to the working condition instruction to determine whether the heat supply demand is met.

9. The four-season cold-heat combined intelligent switching system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The operation adjustment module comprises: The deviation fluctuation monitoring unit is used for monitoring the deviation direction of the actual output heat power of the double-mode absorption heat pump and the working condition instruction demand heat power, collecting the deviation amplitude of the heat supply water temperature and the set temperature, and collecting the flow fluctuation state of the flue gas waste heat / steam; The cycle correction unit is used for determining the compensation logic parameter according to the deviation direction, and fixing the current compensation logic parameter when the deviation values of the deviation directions in the continuous N times are all within the allowed range according to the compensation logic, otherwise, continuously compensating according to the compensation logic parameter until the deviation value converges.

10. A control method of a cold-heat combined intelligent switching for all seasons, characterized in that, The method comprises: receiving a working condition instruction and executing a first instruction of heat energy conversion; wherein the working condition instruction comprises a heating working condition and a refrigeration working condition, and the heat energy conversion comprises heat supply conversion and refrigeration conversion; delivering the flue gas waste heat to the first power input end of the double-mode absorption heat pump through the flue gas waste heat collecting device; delivering the steam heat energy generated by the steam turbine to the second power input end of the double-mode absorption heat pump; determining a target operation mode according to the first instruction, and determining the heat distribution ratio of the first power source and the second power source according to a second instruction in the target operation mode; wherein the first instruction represents the switch state instruction of the first power source and the second power source at the ambient temperature, and the second instruction represents the preset heat energy saving instruction of the first power source and the second power source; controlling the output ratio of the flue gas waste heat flow of the first power source and the steam flow of the second power source through the heat distribution ratio, so as to match the heat energy conversion demand corresponding to the working condition instruction.

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