A test device for a speed reducer

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of speed reducer testing technology, specifically a speed reducer testing device, comprising a support platform, a swaying mechanism, an auxiliary mechanism, a power unit fixed on the support platform, a speed reducer, a torque sensor, and a load. The power unit, speed reducer, torque sensor, and load are sequentially fixedly connected. The swaying mechanism includes a support, with a ball joint connecting the upper surface of the support and the lower surface of the swing plate. The swaying mechanism also includes a driving component that drives the swing plate to sway back and forth around the ball joint. The device can perform static torque testing on the speed reducer in horizontal and inclined states using the swaying mechanism, and can also simulate the periodic roll and pitch caused by the speed reducer being affected by sea waves. By cooperating with the swaying mechanism and the auxiliary mechanism, the device can also detect the static torque of the speed reducer in a vertical state, and can also simulate the swaying caused by sea waves and the effects of seawater erosion on the speed reducer. This device simulates the usage scenarios of speed reducers on offshore platform equipment from multiple perspectives, making the torque testing results more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of speed reducer testing technology, specifically a testing device for speed reducers. Background Technology

[0002] Before leaving the factory, speed reducers undergo various performance tests to determine their qualification. Torque testing includes rated torque, peak torque, torque fluctuation rate, no-load torque, and load efficiency. In most cases, speed reducers are installed horizontally, allowing the lubricating oil to evenly cover moving parts such as gears and bearings under gravity, forming an effective oil film. Currently, torque testing is also primarily conducted at a horizontal angle.

[0003] However, in practice, gearboxes used on offshore platform equipment are not only affected by wave impacts but also by seawater corrosion. Furthermore, in actual use, gearboxes are installed at either an angle or vertically, such as gearboxes used in crane slewing mechanisms, inclined conveyor drive units, vertical mixing equipment, and vertical hoists. In these cases, the change in installation angle alters the lubrication conditions. In an angled gearbox, the internal lubricating oil level is tilted, causing the oil sump to accumulate on the lower side of the casing, resulting in uneven lubrication of gears and bearings. In a vertically installed gearbox, some gears are completely submerged in the oil sump, while others are exposed, making it difficult to obtain sufficient lubrication. This leads to an increase in the gear friction coefficient, affecting the peak torque that the gearbox can withstand.

[0004] Therefore, when torque is measured using only the horizontal angle, the peak torque measurement result will be inaccurate for vertically or inclined gearboxes. Furthermore, when measuring torque in a horizontal static state, the effects of offshore platform sway and seawater corrosion on the gearbox are ignored, which increases the error in the measured maximum torque. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a testing device for speed reducers to solve the problem in related technologies that the maximum torque of speed reducers used in offshore platform equipment cannot be accurately measured by conventional horizontal static torque testing methods.

[0006] This invention provides a testing device for a speed reducer, comprising a support platform, a power device fixed on the support platform, a speed reducer, a torque sensor, and a load. The output shaft of the power device is connected to the input shaft of the speed reducer via a coupling, the output shaft of the speed reducer is connected to the input shaft of the torque sensor via a coupling, and the output shaft of the torque sensor is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the load via a coupling. The support platform includes a swing plate and a rotating plate rotatably mounted on top of the swing plate. The rotating plate reciprocates on the upper surface of the swing plate, and the power device, speed reducer, torque sensor, and load are all fixed on the upper surface of the rotating plate.

[0007] It also includes a swaying mechanism and an auxiliary mechanism. The swaying mechanism includes a support, and the upper surface of the support and the lower surface of the swing plate are connected by a ball joint. The swaying mechanism also includes a driving component that drives the swing plate to sway back and forth around the ball joint.

[0008] The auxiliary mechanism includes a base plate fixedly installed at the bottom of the support, a movable plate vertically installed on the base plate, a lifting component fixed on the movable plate, and an environmental simulation box detachably installed with the lifting component. A nozzle penetrating into the interior of the environmental simulation box is fixed on the transparent box cover at the top of the environmental simulation box.

[0009] The swaying mechanism can be used to detect the static torque of the reducer in horizontal and tilted states, and can also simulate the periodic rolling and pitching of the reducer caused by the influence of sea waves; by using the swaying mechanism and auxiliary mechanism in combination to detect the static torque of the reducer in vertical state, it can also simulate the swaying of the reducer caused by sea waves and the impact of seawater erosion.

[0010] In one possible implementation, a rotating shaft is fixed to the upper surface of the swing plate, and a rotating plate is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft. An annular groove coaxial with the rotating shaft is formed on the upper surface of the swing plate, and several circumferentially distributed fixing blocks are fixed inside the annular groove. Several circumferentially distributed sliders are fixed to the lower surface of the rotating plate, and the sliders are slidably disposed in the annular groove. The sliders and the corresponding fixing blocks are connected by an elastic telescopic rod, which has an arc-shaped structure.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the rotation of the rotating plate is accomplished by a toggle plate fixed to the edge of the rotating plate cooperating with an externally rotating cam. Ball bearings are embedded in the inner and outer annular surfaces and the bottom surface of the slider, and the ball bearings make rolling contact with the inner wall and bottom wall of the annular groove.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the driving component includes a swing rod rotatably mounted on the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the support via a mounting base. The left and right ends of the front side of the swing rod are provided with strip-shaped through holes, and a through rod is slidably installed in each strip-shaped through hole. The two corresponding through rods are connected by a concave frame. A hydraulic push rod is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the concave frame. Columns are fixedly installed on the left and right ends of the upper surface of the swing rod, and the upper surface of the columns is in contact with the lower surface of the swing plate.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the upper surface of the base plate has a plurality of positioning holes evenly distributed from left to right, and the bottom of the movable plate is fixed to the base plate by positioning pins inserted into the positioning holes.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the environmental simulation box has clearance grooves on both the input and output shafts of the reducer. The nozzle is connected to the brine storage tank through an external pipe. When the salt mist sprayed from the nozzle falls to the bottom of the environmental simulation box, it is discharged from the notch on the upper edge of the rotating plate and collected in the external brine storage tank.

[0015] In one possible implementation, when the lifting component moves the environmental simulation box down to the upper surface of the rotating plate, the environmental simulation box is fixed to the upper surface of the rotating plate by a microstructured physical adsorption adhesive.

[0016] In one possible implementation, when the moving plate changes from a vertical to a horizontal state, the reducer is rotated 90 degrees using a testing device, and several support plates are placed on the lower surface of the moving plate to ensure that the moving plate is in a stable horizontal state.

[0017] The above-described one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0018] 1. This invention uses a swaying mechanism to detect the static torque of the reducer in horizontal and tilted states, and can also simulate the periodic rolling and pitching of the reducer caused by sea waves; by using the swaying mechanism and auxiliary mechanism in combination to detect the static torque of the reducer in vertical state, it can also simulate the swaying of the reducer caused by sea waves and the impact of seawater erosion, thus simulating the usage scenarios of the reducer on offshore platform equipment from multiple aspects, so as to make the torque detection results more accurate.

[0019] 2. The present invention has a simple structure, lower cost, more accurate detection results, and strong applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view of the test device for speed reducers provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the test device for a speed reducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is an exploded view (partially cut out) of the support platform provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of region A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the speed reducer testing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a plan view of the speed reducer testing device provided in this embodiment of the invention after it has been rotated 90 degrees.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Supporting platform; 11. Swinging plate; 12. Rotating plate; 13. Annular groove; 14. Slider; 15. Elastic telescopic rod; 16. Fixed block; 17. Actuating plate; 2. Power equipment; 3. Reducer; 4. Torque sensor; 5. Load; 6. Shaking mechanism; 61. Support; 62. Ball joint; 63. Swinging rod; 64. Strip-shaped through hole; 65. Through rod; 66. Concave frame; 67. Hydraulic push rod; 7. Auxiliary mechanism; 71. Base plate; 72. Moving plate; 73. Lifting component; 74. Environmental simulation box; 75. Nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described below, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 A test device for a speed reducer includes a support platform 1, a power device 2 fixed on the support platform 1, a speed reducer 3, a torque sensor 4, and a load 5. The output shaft of the power device 2 is connected to the input shaft of the speed reducer 3 via a coupling. The output shaft of the speed reducer 3 is connected to the input shaft of the torque sensor 4 via a coupling. The output shaft of the torque sensor 4 is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the load 5 via a coupling. The peak torque of the speed reducer 3 is detected by the torque sensor 4.

[0029] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4The supporting platform 1 includes a swing plate 11 and a rotating plate 12 rotatably mounted on top of the swing plate 11. The power unit 2, reducer 3, torque sensor 4, and load 5 are all fixed to the upper surface of the rotating plate 12. A rotating shaft is fixed to the upper surface of the swing plate 11, and the rotating plate 12 is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft. An annular groove 13 is formed on the upper surface of the swing plate 11, and the annular groove 13 is coaxial with the rotating shaft. Several circumferentially distributed fixing blocks 16 are fixed inside the annular groove 13. Several circumferentially distributed sliders 1 are fixed to the lower surface of the rotating plate 12 at positions corresponding to the annular groove 13. 4. The slider 14 is slidably disposed in the annular groove 13, and the inner and outer annular surfaces and bottom surface of the slider 14 are all embedded with balls. The balls roll in contact with the inner wall and bottom wall of the annular groove 13. The slider 14 and the corresponding fixed block 16 are connected by an elastic telescopic rod 15. The elastic telescopic rod 15 has an arc-shaped structure. When the rotating plate 12 rotates around the rotating axis, it will synchronously drive the slider 14 to move along the annular groove 13. The corresponding elastic telescopic rod 15 is gradually compressed. When the external force applied to the rotating plate 12 is removed, the slider 14 will rotate back to its original position under the elastic force of the elastic telescopic rod 15.

[0030] It should be noted that the rotation of the rotating plate 12 is accomplished by the cooperation of the actuating plate 17 fixed on the edge of the rotating plate 12 and the rotating cam. When the external cam rotates, it pushes the actuating plate 17 away, causing the actuating plate 17 to drive the rotating plate 12 to rotate. When the cam separates from the actuating plate 17, the elastic telescopic rod 15 quickly drives the slider 14 and the rotating plate 12 to rotate. The setting of the ball reduces the friction between the slider 14 and the annular groove 13 when the slider moves. Through the continuous rotation of the cam, the rotating plate 12 and the structure on the rotating plate 12 are driven to rotate back and forth, simulating the periodic rolling of the offshore platform equipment affected by the waves.

[0031] If it is necessary to change the rotation angle of the rotating plate 12, simply change the contact time between the cam and the actuating plate 17. Specifically, the position of the cam can be adjusted to extend or shorten the duration of pushing the actuating plate 17.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5A swaying mechanism 6 is provided below the swaying plate 11. The swaying mechanism 6 includes a support 61, and the support 61 and the swaying plate 11 are connected by a ball joint 62. The ball joint 62 is composed of a ball head pin and a ball seat. The swaying mechanism 6 also includes a driving component that drives the swaying plate 11 to sway back and forth around the ball joint 62. The driving component includes a swaying rod 63, a strip-shaped through hole 64, a through rod 65, a concave frame 66, a hydraulic push rod 67, and a column. The swaying rod 63 is rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the support 61 through mounting seats. The left and right ends of the front side of the swaying rod 63 are provided with strip-shaped through holes 64. A through rod 65 is slidably installed in each strip-shaped through hole 64. The two corresponding through rods 65 are connected by the concave frame 66. A hydraulic push rod 67 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the concave frame 66. A column is fixedly installed on the left and right ends of the upper surface of the swaying rod 63. The upper surface of the column is in contact with the lower surface of the swaying plate 11.

[0033] Affected by sea waves, offshore platform equipment not only experiences periodic rolling but also pitching. When the two hydraulic push rods 67 extend to the same distance, the swing rod 63 remains horizontal, and the supporting platform 1 remains horizontal, allowing for static torque detection at the horizontal angle. When one hydraulic push rod 67 extends and the other shortens, the swing rod 63 rotates under the lever principle, and the fixed strip-shaped through hole 64 also rotates accordingly. This causes the swing plate 11 to rotate around the ball joint 62, simulating the periodic pitching of the offshore platform equipment. The swing plate 1... The ball head pin at the lower end can rotate 180 degrees horizontally within the ball seat. When simulating the periodic pitching of an offshore platform, the contact position between the column and the lower surface of the swing plate 11 can be changed by manually rotating the swing plate 11 horizontally at a certain angle. This allows the swing plate 11 to swing not only left and right, but also forward and backward or in other diagonal directions. When the direction of the pitch changes, the position of the cam used to actuate the actuating plate 17 must also change accordingly to prevent the cam from failing to contact and actuate the actuating plate 17 after the swing plate 11 drives the rotating plate 12 to rotate horizontally.

[0034] When it is necessary to detect the maximum torque when the reducer 3 is installed at an angle, the two hydraulic push rods 67 will no longer be adjusted back and forth when the extension distance is determined, so that the angle between the swing plate 11 and the ground is fixed. The angle between the swing plate 11 and the ground can be monitored by the tilt sensor.

[0035] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6The test device for the speed reducer also includes an auxiliary mechanism 7. The auxiliary mechanism 7 includes a base plate 71 fixedly mounted on the support 61 and the bottom of the hydraulic push rod 67, a movable plate 72 vertically mounted on the base plate 71, a lifting component 73 fixed on the movable plate 72, and an environmental simulation chamber 74 detachably mounted to the lifting component 73. The upper surface of the base plate 71 has several positioning holes evenly distributed from left to right. The bottom of the movable plate 72 is fixed to the base plate 71 by positioning pins inserted into the positioning holes. Inserting the positioning pins into different positioning holes can change the position of the movable plate 72. When it is necessary to simulate speed reduction... When the speed reducer 3 is installed vertically, first move the movable plate 72 until it is flush with the right side wall of the swing plate 11 and the rotating plate 12. Then, manually rotate the entire speed reducer 90 degrees using the testing device so that the movable plate 72 changes from a vertical state to a horizontal state. At this time, the lower surface of the movable plate 72 is higher than the lower end of the base plate 71. By placing several support plates on the lower surface of the movable plate 72, the movable plate 72 is kept in a stable horizontal state, which facilitates the support of the support platform 1, the power equipment 2, the speed reducer 3, the torque sensor 4, and the load 5, thereby detecting the maximum torque of the speed reducer 3 when it is installed vertically.

[0036] The lifting component 73 includes two ear plates distributed vertically and fixed on the movable plate 72, and a motor fixed on the upper ear plate. The output shaft of the motor is fixed with a lead screw, and a guide rod is connected between the two ear plates. A lifting block is threadedly connected to the lead screw and slidably connected to the guide rod. The lifting block is detachably connected to the environmental simulation box 74. The environmental simulation box 74 has clearance grooves for the input and output shafts of the reducer 3. A nozzle 75 is fixed on the transparent box cover at the top of the environmental simulation box 74, penetrating into the interior of the environmental simulation box 74. The nozzle 75 is connected to the brine storage tank through an external pipe. The brine is pumped to the nozzle 75 by a circulation pump. When the sprayed salt mist drips to the bottom of the environmental simulation box 74, it is discharged from the notch at the edge of the upper surface of the rotating plate 12 and collected into the external brine storage tank. The environmental simulation box 74 is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor for real-time monitoring of the temperature and humidity inside the environmental simulation box 74.

[0037] The lifting component 73 can also be an electric push rod or other lifting structure capable of telescopic movement. The lifting component 73 and the environmental simulation box 74 are quickly connected and fixed by bolts. The bottom wall of the environmental simulation box 74 is bonded with several microstructured physical adsorption adhesives. When the lifting component 73 moves the environmental simulation box 74 down to the upper surface of the rotating plate 12, the environmental simulation box 74 is fixed to the upper surface of the rotating plate 12 through the microstructured physical adsorption adhesives. Then the connection between the lifting component 73 and the environmental simulation box 74 is released, allowing the lifting block to rise independently. The environmental simulation box 74 is then covered outside the reducer 3 and bonded and fixed to the rotating plate 12. When simulating the periodic pitching and rolling of the offshore platform equipment, salt spray is sprayed into the environmental simulation box 74 through the nozzle 75 to comprehensively simulate the real scenario when the reducer 3 is used on the offshore platform.

[0038] Of course, if it is necessary to simulate high temperature or low temperature environment, the nozzle 75 on the top of the environmental simulation box 74 can be replaced with a hot air pipe or a cold air pipe; the above simple structure can detect the torque of the reducer 3 under shaking and the torque under shaking and seawater erosion. It can also detect the static torque of the reducer 3 in horizontal, tilted and vertical states. When performing static torque detection in vertical, horizontal or tilted states, the environmental simulation box 74 is not covered to the outside of the reducer 3.

[0039] In embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," "installed," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or a sliding connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A testing device for a speed reducer, comprising a support platform, a power device fixed on the support platform, a speed reducer, a torque sensor, and a load, wherein the output shaft of the power device is connected to the input shaft of the speed reducer, the output shaft of the speed reducer is connected to the input shaft of the torque sensor, and the output shaft of the torque sensor is connected to the input shaft of the load; characterized in that: The support platform includes a swing plate and a rotating plate rotatably mounted on top of the swing plate. The rotating plate reciprocates on the upper surface of the swing plate. The power equipment, reducer, torque sensor and load are all fixed on the upper surface of the rotating plate. A rotating shaft is fixed on the upper surface of the swing plate, and the rotating plate is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft. An annular groove coaxial with the rotating shaft is opened on the upper surface of the swing plate. Several circumferentially distributed fixed blocks are fixed inside the annular groove. Several circumferentially distributed sliders are fixed on the lower surface of the rotating plate. The sliders are slidably disposed in the annular groove. The sliders and the corresponding fixed blocks are connected by an elastic telescopic rod, which is an arc-shaped structure. It also includes a swaying mechanism and an auxiliary mechanism. The swaying mechanism includes a support, and the upper surface of the support and the lower surface of the swing plate are connected by a ball joint. The swaying mechanism also includes a driving component that drives the swing plate to sway back and forth around the ball joint. The auxiliary mechanism includes a base plate fixedly installed at the bottom of the support, a movable plate vertically installed on the base plate, a lifting component fixed on the movable plate, and an environmental simulation box detachably installed with the lifting component. A nozzle penetrating into the interior of the environmental simulation box is fixed on the transparent box cover at the top of the environmental simulation box. The static torque of the reducer is detected in horizontal and tilted states by means of a swaying mechanism. The static torque of the reducer in vertical state is detected by means of a swaying mechanism and an auxiliary mechanism. It can also simulate the effect of the reducer swaying due to sea waves and the effect of seawater erosion.

2. The test device for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating plate reciprocates on the upper surface of the swing plate. The rotation of the rotating plate is accomplished by the cooperation of the actuating plate fixed on the edge of the rotating plate and the external rotating cam. The inner and outer ring surfaces and bottom surface of the slider are all embedded with balls, which roll in contact with the inner wall and bottom wall of the annular groove.

3. The test device for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component includes a swing rod rotatably mounted on the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the support via a mounting base. The left and right ends of the front side of the swing rod are provided with strip-shaped through holes, and a through rod is slidably installed in each strip-shaped through hole. The two corresponding through rods are connected by a concave frame. A hydraulic push rod is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the concave frame. Columns are fixedly installed on the left and right ends of the upper surface of the swing rod, and the upper surface of the columns is in contact with the lower surface of the swing plate.

4. The testing device for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the base plate has several positioning holes evenly distributed from left to right, and the bottom of the movable plate is fixed to the base plate by positioning pins inserted into the positioning holes.

5. The test device for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental simulation box has clearance grooves on both the input and output shafts of the reducer. The nozzle is connected to the brine storage tank through an external pipe. When the salt mist sprayed from the nozzle falls to the bottom of the environmental simulation box, it is discharged from the notch on the upper edge of the rotating plate and collected in the external brine storage tank.

6. The testing device for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the lifting component moves the environmental simulation box down to the upper surface of the rotating plate, the environmental simulation box is fixed to the upper surface of the rotating plate by the microstructure physical adsorption adhesive.

7. The test device for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the moving plate changes from a vertical to a horizontal position, the reducer is rotated 90 degrees using a testing device, and several support plates are placed on the lower surface of the moving plate to ensure that the moving plate is in a stable horizontal position.

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