A high-precision mechanical component detection device

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-precision mechanical parts testing device, belonging to the field of parts testing technology. Its key technical features include a support platform with two rotatably connected support rollers. Annular protective plates, coaxial with the support rollers, are fixedly installed on both ends of the support rollers. A recessed frame is fixedly installed on the top of the annular protective plates. A first electrically operated telescopic rod, penetrating the recessed frame, is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the recessed frame. A hollow connecting column is fixedly installed at the output end of the first electrically operated telescopic rod. This invention applies vertical and horizontal bidirectional pressure to the sample through a hollow concave pressure block and a retractable airbag, achieving reliable fixation and effectively preventing sample slippage or breakage during testing. Simultaneously, the hollow protective shell, the retractable protective shell, and the magnetic locking structure form a sealed protective space during testing, completely isolating the testing area and preventing high-speed fragmentation or accidental sample slippage when parts break, significantly improving operational safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of component testing technology, specifically a high-precision mechanical component testing device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of high-precision manufacturing, the quality of mechanical components is the core factor determining the performance and reliability of high-end equipment such as aero-engines and precision instruments. Therefore, rigorous testing of key components has become an indispensable part of the production process. Among them, straight rod-shaped mechanical components often bear bending loads in actual operation, and their bending resistance is crucial. The three-point bending test, as a standard method for evaluating the bending strength and deformation behavior of such parts, is widely used in quality control and performance verification.

[0003] However, in practical applications, this method has significant safety hazards: during testing, the straight rod-shaped sample is simply supported on two support rollers, and a load is applied to the middle of the sample by the pressure head. However, since its two ends usually lack effective lateral limiting and protective structures, when testing brittle materials or parts with internal defects, the elastic energy stored in the sample at the moment of fracture will be suddenly released, which can easily cause fragments to fly out at high speed or cause the broken sample to accidentally slip off the support rollers, which can easily threaten the personal safety of the operator. Therefore, we propose a new type of high-precision mechanical parts testing device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-precision mechanical parts testing device that can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-precision mechanical parts testing device, comprising a support platform, on which two support rollers are rotatably connected. Annular protective plates coaxial with the support rollers are fixedly installed on both ends of the support rollers. A recessed frame is fixedly installed on the top of the annular protective plates. A first electrically operated telescopic rod penetrating the recessed frame is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the recessed frame. A hollow connecting column is fixedly installed at the output end of the first electrically operated telescopic rod. A central cavity communicating with the inner cavity of the hollow connecting column is fixedly installed at the bottom of the hollow connecting column. A hollow concave pressure block has a sealing plate fixedly installed at its inner corner, forming a retractable airbag receiving cavity between the sealing plate and the hollow concave pressure block. An airbag inflation tube penetrating the sealing plate is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the retractable airbag receiving cavity. A retractable airbag is provided inside the retractable airbag receiving cavity, and the retractable airbag inner cavity is connected to the airbag inflation tube. A hollow protective shell is fixedly installed on the support platform. A piston block adapted to the hollow protective shell is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the hollow protective shell, and a retractable protective shell is fixedly installed on the piston block.

[0006] Preferably, both the annular protective plate and the concave frame are provided with sliding grooves, and sliders are fixedly installed at both ends of the hollow concave pressure block, with the sliders slidably connected in the sliding grooves; an airbag telescopic guide groove is provided on the inner side of the hollow concave pressure block; a telescopic spring tube communicating with the inner cavity of the hollow connecting column is fixedly installed on the hollow connecting column, and the telescopic spring tube passes through the sliding groove.

[0007] Preferably, the support platform is provided with an air guide three-way pipe, two branches of which pass through the support platform and are fixedly connected to a retractable spring tube. An airbag inflation valve is fixedly installed on the remaining branch of the air guide three-way pipe, and the airbag inflation valve is fixedly installed on the support platform. An inflation three-way pipe is fixedly installed at the air inlet end of the airbag inflation valve, and a hollow protective shell inflation valve is fixedly installed on the other branch of the inflation three-way pipe. The hollow protective shell inflation valve is fixedly installed on the support platform, and a right-angle bend pipe is fixedly installed at the air outlet end of the hollow protective shell inflation valve, which passes through the support platform and is fixedly connected to the hollow protective shell. The right-angle bend pipe communicates with the inner cavity of the hollow protective shell.

[0008] Preferably, a male magnet is fixedly installed on the top of the retractable protective shell, a sealing top plate is fixedly installed on the top of the support platform, and a female magnet is fixedly installed on the bottom of the sealing top plate.

[0009] Preferably, the male magnet and the retractable protective shell are flush with the side of the support platform, and a sealing slide rail is symmetrically installed on the support platform. The male magnet and the retractable protective shell are slidably connected to the sealing slide rail, and a one-way valve is symmetrically installed on the retractable protective shell.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the hollow protective shell is provided with a plurality of air outlets, and a fan blade is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hollow protective shell, and the air outlet position of the air outlet corresponds to the area of ​​the fan blade's rotation trajectory.

[0011] Preferably, the piston block is slidably connected to the hollow protective shell in a sealed manner; the sum of the vertical lengths of the male magnet block, the retractable protective shell, and the piston block is greater than the distance between the top of the hollow protective shell and the sealing top plate; the difference between the sum of the vertical lengths of the male magnet block, the retractable protective shell, and the piston block and the distance between the top of the hollow protective shell and the sealing top plate is less than the distance between the vent and the top of the hollow protective shell; and the sum of the weights of the male magnet block, the retractable protective shell, the piston block, and the two one-way valves is less than the magnetic force between the male magnet block and the female magnet block.

[0012] Preferably, a second electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the sealed top plate, a pressure sensor is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric telescopic rod, a pressure block is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pressure sensor, a laser displacement sensor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the hollow protective shell, and a temperature sensor is fixedly installed on the support platform.

[0013] Preferably, the second electric telescopic rod and the laser displacement sensor are both located on the vertical line at the middle section of the connecting line between the centers of the two support rollers.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. By using a hollow concave pressure block and a retractable airbag to apply bidirectional pressure in both vertical and horizontal directions to the sample, reliable fixation is achieved, effectively preventing the sample from slipping or breaking and splashing during the test, thus reducing safety hazards.

[0016] 2. By setting up a hollow protective shell, a retractable protective shell, and a magnetic locking structure, a sealed protective space is formed during testing, completely isolating the testing area and preventing high-speed splashing of fragments or accidental slippage of the sample when the component breaks, thus significantly improving operational safety.

[0017] 3. By setting up air vents, fan blades, and temperature sensors, airflow inside the protected space is promoted, achieving uniform temperature distribution and real-time monitoring, ensuring a stable testing environment, and enabling test results to accurately reflect the mechanical properties of components under actual temperature conditions, thereby improving the reliability and repeatability of the test. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a complete structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Another perspective structural diagram;

[0020] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Another perspective structural diagram;

[0021] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0022] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A above;

[0023] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A front view structural diagram;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow connecting column, hollow concave pressure block, and telescopic spring tube of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hollow concave pressure block in this invention;

[0026] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the air outlet and fan blades of the present invention.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 1. Support platform; 2. Support roller; 3. Annular protective plate; 4. Concave frame; 5. First electric telescopic rod; 6. Hollow connecting column; 7. Hollow concave pressure block; 8. Sealing plate; 9. Telescopic airbag receiving cavity; 10. Airbag inflation tube; 11. Hollow protective shell; 12. Piston block; 13. Telescopic protective shell; 14. Telescopic spring tube; 15. Air guide three-way pipe; 16. Airbag inflation valve; 17. Inflation three-way pipe; 18. Hollow protective shell inflation valve; 19. Right angle bend; 20. Male magnet block; 21. Sealing top plate; 22. Female magnet block; 23. Sealing slide rail; 24. One-way valve; 25. Air outlet; 26. Fan blade; 27. Second electric telescopic rod; 28. Pressure sensor; 29. ​​Pressure block; 30. Laser displacement sensor; 31. Temperature sensor; 32. Telescopic airbag. Detailed Implementation

[0029] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, the directional terms such as "up" and "down" generally refer to the directions shown in the accompanying drawings, or to the vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational direction; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "left" and "right" generally refer to the left and right shown in the accompanying drawings; "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself, but the above directional terms are not intended to limit this invention.

[0030] This invention provides a technical solution:

[0031] Please see Figures 1-9 A high-precision mechanical parts testing device includes a support platform 1, on which two support rollers 2 are rotatably connected. Annular protective plates 3, coaxial with the support rollers 2, are fixedly installed on both ends of the support rollers 2. A recessed frame 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the annular protective plate 3. A first electric telescopic rod 5, penetrating the recessed frame 4, is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the recessed frame 4. A hollow connecting column 6 is fixedly installed at the output end of the first electric telescopic rod 5. A hollow concave pressure block 7, communicating with the inner cavity of the hollow connecting column 6, is fixedly installed at the bottom of the hollow connecting column 6. The inner cavity of the hollow concave pressure block 7... A sealing plate 8 is fixedly installed at the corner, and a retractable airbag receiving cavity 9 is formed between the sealing plate 8 and the hollow concave pressure block 7. An airbag inflation tube 10 that penetrates the sealing plate 8 is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the retractable airbag receiving cavity 9. A retractable airbag 32 is provided in the inner cavity of the retractable airbag receiving cavity 9, and the inner cavity of the retractable airbag 32 is connected to the airbag inflation tube 10. A hollow protective shell 11 is fixedly installed on the support platform 1. A piston block 12 that is adapted to the hollow protective shell 11 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the hollow protective shell 11. A retractable protective shell 13 is fixedly installed on the piston block 12.

[0032] During the operation of the testing device, the support rollers 2 on the support platform 1 are used to stably place the straight rod-shaped mechanical parts. The first electric telescopic rod 5 drives the hollow connecting column 6 and the hollow concave pressure block 7 to press down, applying vertical pressure to the parts to achieve initial positioning. At the same time, the telescopic airbag 32 is inflated through the airbag inflation tube 10, causing it to expand from the airbag telescopic guide groove and apply horizontal extrusion force to both sides of the parts, forming a vertical and horizontal bidirectional fastening, effectively preventing fragments from splashing when the parts slip or break during the test. Meanwhile, the piston block 12 inside the hollow protective shell 11 slides upward under the push of external gas, driving the telescopic protective shell 13 to rise. It forms a sealed protective space by magnetic adsorption and locking with the sealed top plate 21, completely isolating the test area, preventing fragments from splashing or the sample from accidentally slipping, and significantly improving operational safety. In addition, in order to facilitate observation of the straight rod-shaped mechanical parts during the test, the hollow protective shell 11 and the telescopic protective shell 13 are made of high-strength transparent engineering plastics, such as polycarbonate.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 Both the annular protective plate 3 and the recessed frame 4 are provided with sliding grooves. The two ends of the hollow concave pressure block 7 are fixedly installed with sliders, which are slidably connected in the sliding groove. The inner side of the hollow concave pressure block 7 is provided with an airbag telescopic guide groove. A telescopic spring tube 14 communicating with the inner cavity of the hollow connecting column 6 is fixedly installed on the hollow connecting column 6, and the telescopic spring tube 14 passes through the sliding groove.

[0034] During operation, the grooves on the annular protective plate 3 and the recessed frame 4 cooperate with the sliders at both ends of the hollow concave pressure block 7 to guide the hollow concave pressure block 7 to move smoothly in the vertical direction, ensuring that it can accurately press down and apply vertical pressure to the sample. The airbag telescopic guide groove on the inner side of the hollow concave pressure block 7 provides a preset path and limiting space for the expansion of the telescopic airbag 32, ensuring that the airbag can expand stably and directionally from both sides, applying uniform horizontal extrusion pressure to the sample, thus forming a reliable bidirectional fastening together with the vertical pressure. At the same time, the telescopic spring tube 14 installed on the hollow connecting column 6 passes through the groove. Its function is to extend and retract synchronously with the up and down movement of the hollow concave pressure block 7, always maintaining the connection between the inner cavity of the hollow connecting column 6 and the external air passage, providing a continuous and motion-undisturbed gas channel for the stable inflation and deflation of the telescopic airbag 32, ensuring the reliable execution of the bidirectional pressure fixing mechanism and the stability of the testing process.

[0035] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6A three-way air guide pipe 15 is provided on the support platform 1. Two branches of the three-way air guide pipe 15 pass through the support platform 1 and are fixedly connected to the retractable spring pipe 14. An airbag inflation valve 16 is fixedly installed on the remaining branch of the three-way air guide pipe 15. The airbag inflation valve 16 is fixedly installed on the support platform 1. An inflation three-way pipe 17 is fixedly installed at the air inlet end of the airbag inflation valve 16. A hollow protective shell inflation valve 18 is fixedly installed on the other branch of the inflation three-way pipe 17. The hollow protective shell inflation valve 18 is fixedly installed on the support platform 1. A right-angle bend pipe 19 is fixedly installed at the air outlet end of the hollow protective shell inflation valve 18, passing through the support platform 1 and fixedly connected to the hollow protective shell 11. The right-angle bend pipe 19 communicates with the inner cavity of the hollow protective shell 11.

[0036] During operation, the three-way air guide pipe 15 installed on the support platform 1 passes through the support platform through its two branch pipes and is fixedly connected to the retractable spring pipe 14, forming a key air passage from the external air source to the retractable airbag 32 inside the hollow concave pressure block 7. Its function is to stably deliver the inflated gas to the airbag. The airbag inflation valve 16 installed on the remaining branch pipe of the three-way air guide pipe 15 is used to precisely control the on / off state and flow rate of the gas in this path, realizing independent management of the airbag inflation process. At the same time, the airbag inflation valve 16 is connected to the air inlet end. The three-way inflator 17 splits the gas source, and the hollow protective shell inflation valve 18 installed on the other branch pipe is used to synchronously control the airflow to the inner cavity of the hollow protective shell 11. The gas finally enters the bottom of the hollow protective shell 11 through the right-angle bend 19, which pushes the piston block 12 upward, thereby driving the retractable protective shell 13 to rise. This parallel gas path design enables the device to synchronously trigger the two core actions of bidirectional sample clamping and protective space sealing through a single gas source, which significantly improves the automation level and operation efficiency of the detection process.

[0037] Please see Figures 1-4 and Figure 6 A male magnet block 20 is fixedly installed on the top of the retractable protective shell 13, a sealing top plate 21 is fixedly installed on the top of the support platform 1, and a female magnet block 22 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the sealing top plate 21.

[0038] During operation, when the retractable protective shell 13 is pushed up by air pressure to near the sealing top plate 21, the male magnet 20 fixed to its top and the female magnet 22 installed at the bottom of the sealing top plate 21 enter the effective adsorption distance. The strong magnetic force generated between them causes the male magnet 20 to quickly and tightly adsorb and lock with the female magnet 22. The function of this magnetic locking structure is to firmly combine the retractable protective shell 13, which has been raised to the working position, with the sealing top plate 21 above. Together with the sealing slide rails 23 on the periphery, they form a complete and reliable sealed top of the protective space. This ensures the structural integrity and airtightness of the protective cover composed of the hollow protective shell 11, the retractable protective shell 13 and the sealing top plate 21 during the test. It effectively prevents high-speed fragments generated by sample breakage from splashing out from the top gap. At the same time, this magnetic locking method is faster and more reliable than mechanical buckles, which significantly improves the automatic closing efficiency and overall safety performance of the protective system.

[0039] Please see Figures 1-4 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 The male magnet 20 and the retractable protective shell 13 are flush with the side of the support platform 1. A sealing slide rail 23 is symmetrically installed on the support platform 1. The male magnet 20 and the retractable protective shell 13 are slidably connected to the sealing slide rail 23. A one-way valve 24 is symmetrically installed on the retractable protective shell 13.

[0040] During operation, when the retractable protective shell 13 rises smoothly along the sealed slide rail 23 under pneumatic drive, the design of the male magnet block 20 and the side of the retractable protective shell 13 near the support platform 1 are kept flush, ensuring that the two form a precise sliding fit with the sealed slide rail 23 as a whole. Its function is to guide the retractable protective shell 13 to rise and fall vertically and stably, avoiding tilting or jamming, and together with the sealed slide rail 23, it forms a lateral airtight barrier for the protective space. The one-way valve 24, which is symmetrically installed on the retractable protective shell 13, allows the internal gas to be discharged outward in one direction but prevents the external gas from entering after the protective space is completely closed. Its function is to effectively maintain the air pressure balance between the inside and outside of the protective space, prevent the internal positive or negative pressure caused by temperature changes or gas flow during the test, ensure the stability of the protective shell structure and reliable sealing, and avoid sealing failure or safety hazards that may be caused by abnormal pressure, thereby ensuring that the test can be carried out safely in a continuous and stable airtight environment.

[0041] Please see Figure 9 The inner wall of the hollow protective shell 11 is provided with several air outlets 25. The inner wall of the hollow protective shell 11 is rotatably connected to a fan blade 26, and the air outlet position of the air outlet 25 corresponds to the area of ​​the blade rotation trajectory of the fan blade 26.

[0042] During operation, when the gas pushes the piston block 12 to rise above the position of the air outlet 25 within the hollow protective shell 11, the driving gas is discharged at high speed from the air outlet 25. The discharged airflow directly impacts the fan blade 26 installed on the inner wall of the shell and drives it to rotate. The purpose of this setting is to actively agitate the air in the sealed protective space through the rotation of the fan blade 26, forcing the formation of airflow circulation, thereby effectively promoting the uniform distribution of internal temperature, avoiding the formation of local hot spots or cold spots, and accelerating the settling of dust or small debris that may be generated during the test. Together with the temperature sensor 31, it maintains a stable and uniform test environment, ensuring that the mechanical data obtained from the subsequent three-point bending test are not affected by temperature gradients and air stagnation, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0043] Please see Figures 1-4 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 The piston block 12 is sealed and slidably connected to the hollow protective shell 11. The sum of the vertical lengths of the male magnet block 20, the retractable protective shell 13, and the piston block 12 is greater than the distance between the top of the hollow protective shell 11 and the sealing top plate 21. The difference between the sum of the vertical lengths of the male magnet block 20, the retractable protective shell 13, and the piston block 12 and the distance between the top of the hollow protective shell 11 and the sealing top plate 21 is less than the distance between the vent 25 and the top of the hollow protective shell 11. The sum of the weights of the male magnet block 20, the retractable protective shell 13, the piston block 12, and the two one-way valves 24 is less than the magnetic force between the male magnet block 20 and the female magnet block 22.

[0044] During operation, the sealed sliding connection between the piston block 12 and the hollow protective shell 11 ensures that the driving gas is fully used to push the protective system upward without leakage. The design that the sum of the vertical lengths of the male magnet block 20, the retractable protective shell 13, and the piston block 12 is greater than the distance between the top of the hollow protective shell 11 and the sealing top plate 21 ensures that the retractable protective shell 13 can fully rise to the locking position where the male and female magnets are effectively attracted, thus achieving complete sealing of the protective space. Furthermore, the difference between this total length and the distance from the top of the protective shell to the top plate is less than the limit of the distance from the vent 25 to the top of the shell, ensuring that after the male and female magnets are effectively attracted, the piston block 12 can rise to the locking position where the male and female magnets are effectively attracted. The plug 12 can pass over the vent 25, ensuring that the vent 25 can be exposed and communicate with the inner cavity of the formed closed space (hollow protective shell 11, retractable protective shell 13, sealed top plate 21 and sealed slide rail 23); at the same time, the sum of the weights of the male magnet 20, the retractable protective shell 13, the piston block 12 and the two one-way valves 24 is less than the condition of the attraction force between the magnets. Its function is to ensure that the top of the protective space can reliably resist its own weight after being magnetically locked, preventing the protective cover from being accidentally unlocked or sinking due to vibration or internal pressure changes during the test, thereby maintaining the structural integrity and safety airtightness of the protective system throughout the entire test cycle.

[0045] Please see Figures 1-4 and Figure 6 A second electric telescopic rod 27 is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the sealed top plate 21. A pressure sensor 28 is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric telescopic rod 27. A pressure block 29 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pressure sensor 28. A laser displacement sensor 30 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the hollow protective shell 11. A temperature sensor 31 is fixedly installed on the support platform 1.

[0046] During operation, once the test environment stabilizes, the second electric telescopic rod 27 activates and drives the pressure block 29 to apply vertical pressure to the component placed on the support roller, performing a three-point bending test. Simultaneously, the pressure sensor 28 monitors and records the load data in real time, the laser displacement sensor 30 detects the deformation at the pressure point, and the temperature sensor 31 continuously monitors the ambient temperature within the protected space. These components work together to accurately collect mechanical and temperature data during the test. By generating stress-strain curves and analyzing performance parameters such as bending strength and elastic modulus of the components, the test results accurately reflect the mechanical behavior of the components under actual working conditions, thereby improving the reliability and repeatability of the test.

[0047] In some embodiments, the second electric telescopic rod 27 and the laser displacement sensor 30 are both located on the vertical line at the middle section of the connecting line between the centers of the two support rollers 2.

[0048] In this embodiment, when the second electric telescopic rod 27 and the laser displacement sensor 30 are precisely arranged on the vertical line of the middle section of the connecting line between the centers of the two support rollers 2, this positional relationship ensures that the pressure block 29 can apply an accurate vertical load to the center of the sample span during the three-point bending test, while the laser displacement sensor 30 can directly monitor the actual deformation at the midpoint of the sample. Its function is to strictly follow the mechanical principle of the three-point bending test, ensuring that the load application and deformation measurement are both applied to the theoretical maximum stress point of the sample, thereby obtaining accurate and reliable bending performance data, effectively avoiding measurement errors caused by centering deviation, and improving the accuracy and repeatability of the test results.

[0049] In practical use, the working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0050] When using this device, the straight rod-shaped mechanical component is first placed stably on the two support rollers 2, directly below the hollow concave pressure block 7. To avoid interference between the hollow concave pressure block 7 and the component, the diameter of the component must be smaller than the distance between the two inner corners of the hollow concave pressure block 7. Then, the two first electric telescopic rods 5 are simultaneously activated and slowly moved downwards, driving the hollow concave pressure block 7 downwards to apply vertical pressure to the component, achieving initial positioning and clamping. To enhance the fixing effect and prevent the sample from splashing due to slippage or breakage during the test, air is supplied to the inflation tri-way pipe 17 through an external air supply device. After being split, the gas flows sequentially through the air guide tri-way pipe 15, the airbag inflation valve 16, and the retractable spring tube 14, entering the hollow connecting column 6 and the hollow concave pressure block 7, and finally inflating the retractable airbag 32 through the airbag inflation tube 10. The retractable airbag 32 expands out from the airbag telescopic guide groove under air pressure, applying uniform horizontal extrusion force to both sides of the component, thereby forming a multi-directional fastening in both vertical and horizontal directions. (To accurately control the fixing force, a pressure sensor can be installed between the first electric telescopic rod 5 and the hollow connecting column 6 to monitor the vertical pressure in real time, and a pressure sensor patch can be integrated on the contact surface between the retractable airbag 32 and the component to detect the horizontal extrusion force; when the pressure value reaches the preset threshold, the first electric telescopic rod 5 is stopped and the airbag inflation valve 16 is closed to avoid initial deformation of the component due to overtight fastening, which would affect the accuracy of the test.) This multi-directional fastening mechanism effectively prevents the sample from accidentally slipping off the support roller due to breakage or instability during the bending test, eliminating the risk of flying fragments and injury.

[0051] While the components are secured, another stream of gas enters the inner cavity of the hollow protective shell 11 through the inflation valve 18 and right-angle bend 19, pushing the piston block 12 upward and causing the retractable protective shell 13 to rise smoothly along the sealing slide rail 23. When the piston block 12 moves above the air outlet 25, the male magnet block 20 at the top of the retractable protective shell 13 and the female magnet block 22 at the bottom of the sealing top plate 21 attract and lock each other, forming a sealed protective space composed of the hollow protective shell 11, the retractable protective shell 13, the sealing top plate 21, and the sealing slide rail 23, completely isolating the test area. This structure effectively prevents high-speed splashing of fragments or sample slippage when components break during testing, significantly improving operational safety. When the gas is discharged from the vent 25, it drives the fan blade 26 to rotate, promoting airflow inside the sealed space and making the temperature distribution more uniform. The temperature sensor 31 monitors the ambient temperature in real time. If it is necessary to simulate specific working conditions, temperature-controlled gas can be introduced through an external gas supply device to quickly adjust the test environment temperature and ensure that the test results accurately reflect the mechanical properties of the components under actual temperature conditions. In order to maintain the pressure balance inside the sealed space, the gas inside the sealed space is discharged from the one-way valve 24.

[0052] After the test environment stabilizes, the second electric telescopic rod 27 is activated, causing the pressure block 29 to slowly press down, performing a three-point bending test on the component. The laser displacement sensor 30 monitors the deformation at the pressure point in real time, and the pressure sensor 28 simultaneously records the load data. The system automatically generates stress-strain curves to analyze the component's bending strength, elastic modulus, and deformation behavior, thereby comprehensively evaluating its mechanical properties. The entire test process is conducted under sealed protection, eliminating safety hazards caused by sample breakage and ensuring the reliability and repeatability of the test data. This method is suitable for quality control and performance verification of high-precision mechanical components.

[0053] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions, or modifications made based on the present invention to solve essentially the same technical problems and achieve essentially the same technical effects are all covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision mechanical component detection device, characterized in that, The utility model provides a bearing platform (1), the bearing platform (1) is rotatably connected with two support rollers (2), the two end surfaces of support roller (2) are fixedly installed with the coaxial ring -like protective plate (3) of support roller (2), the top of ring -like protective plate (3) is fixedly installed with the concave frame (4), the center of concave frame (4) top is fixedly installed with the first electric telescopic rod (5) of through concave frame (4), the output of first electric telescopic rod (5) is fixedly installed with the hollow connecting column (6), the bottom of hollow connecting column (6) is fixedly installed with the hollow recessed block (7) of hollow connecting column (6) inner chamber intercommunication, the inner angle of hollow recessed block (7) is fixedly installed with the sealing plate (8), and the sealing plate (8) and hollow recessed block (7) between form the flexible air bag accommodating cavity (9), the center of flexible air bag accommodating cavity (9) top is fixedly installed with the air bag inflation pipe (10) of through sealing plate (8), and the inner chamber of flexible air bag accommodating cavity (9) is provided with flexible air bag (32), and the inner chamber of flexible air bag (32) is communicated with air bag inflation pipe (10);The hollow protective shell (11) of bearing platform (1) is fixedly installed, the inner chamber of hollow protective shell (11) is slidably connected with the piston block (12) of hollow protective shell (11) adaptation, and the piston block (12) is fixedly installed with flexible protective shell (13); The bearing platform (1) is provided with a gas guide three-pronged pipe (15), and the remaining one branch pipe of the gas guide three-pronged pipe (15) is fixedly installed with an air bag inflation valve (16), and the air bag inflation valve (16) is fixedly installed on the bearing platform (1). The air inlet end of the air bag inflation valve (16) is fixedly installed with a three-pronged inflation pipe (17), another branch pipe of the three-pronged inflation pipe (17) is fixedly installed with a hollow protective shell inflation valve (18), and the hollow protective shell inflation valve (18) is fixedly installed on the bearing platform (1). The air outlet end of the hollow protective shell inflation valve (18) is fixedly installed with a straight elbow pipe (19) penetrating through the bearing platform (1) and fixedly connected with the hollow protective shell (11), and the straight elbow pipe (19) is communicated with the inner chamber of the hollow protective shell (11).

2. The high-precision mechanical component detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ring -like protective plate (3) and concave frame (4) are all set up with sliding slot, and the both ends of hollow recessed block (7) are fixedly installed with sliding block, and the sliding block is slidably connected in the sliding slot;The inner side of hollow recessed block (7) is provided with air bag telescopic guide slot;The hollow connecting column (6) is fixedly installed with the telescopic spring pipe (14) of hollow connecting column (6) inner chamber intercommunication, and the telescopic spring pipe (14) penetrates through the sliding slot, and the two branch pipes of the gas guide three-pronged pipe (15) penetrate through the bearing platform (1) and are fixedly connected with the telescopic spring pipe (14).

3. The high-precision mechanical component detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the flexible protective shell (13) is fixedly installed with a male magnet block (20), and the top of the bearing platform (1) is fixedly installed with a sealing top plate (21), and the bottom of the sealing top plate (21) is fixedly installed with a female magnet block (22).

4. The high-precision mechanical component detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The male magnet (20) and the retractable protective shell (13) are flush with the side of the support platform (1). A sealing slide rail (23) is symmetrically installed on the support platform (1). The male magnet (20) and the retractable protective shell (13) are slidably connected to the sealing slide rail (23). A one-way valve (24) is symmetrically installed on the retractable protective shell (13).

5. The high-precision mechanical component detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow protective shell (11) has several air outlets (25) on its inner wall. The inner wall of the hollow protective shell (11) is rotatably connected to a fan blade (26). The air outlets (25) are located at the same position as the rotation trajectory area of ​​the fan blade (26).

6. The high-precision mechanical component detection device according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: The piston block (12) is slidably connected to the hollow protective shell (11). The sum of the vertical lengths of the male magnet block (20), the retractable protective shell (13), and the piston block (12) is greater than the distance between the top of the hollow protective shell (11) and the sealing top plate (21). The difference between the sum of the vertical lengths of the male magnet block (20), the retractable protective shell (13), and the piston block (12) and the distance between the top of the hollow protective shell (11) and the sealing top plate (21) is less than the distance between the vent (25) and the top of the hollow protective shell (11). The sum of the weights of the male magnet (20), the retractable protective shell (13), the piston block (12), and the two one-way valves (24) is less than the magnetic force between the male magnet (20) and the female magnet (22).

7. The high-precision mechanical component detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second electric telescopic rod (27) is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the sealed top plate (21). A pressure sensor (28) is fixedly installed at the output end of the second electric telescopic rod (27). A pressure block (29) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pressure sensor (28). A laser displacement sensor (30) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the hollow protective shell (11). A temperature sensor (31) is fixedly installed on the support platform (1).

8. The high-precision mechanical component detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second electric telescopic rod (27) and the laser displacement sensor (30) are both located on the vertical line at the middle section of the connecting line between the centers of the two support rollers (2).

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