A vertical jet plasma generation apparatus and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a vertical jet plasma generation device and method, relating to the field of plasma technology. The device includes: a jet hole on a carrier; a fixed cylinder inside the jet hole; a corona discharge actuator inside the fixed cylinder; and a dielectric barrier discharge actuator located at the junction of the corona discharge actuator and the fixed cylinder. The dielectric barrier discharge actuator, the corona discharge actuator, the jet hole, and the fixed cylinder are coaxial. This invention employs a fully electronically controlled design, eliminating the need for ducting air from an engine or adding complex gas source pipelines. This eliminates the thrust loss, increased structural weight, and excessive energy consumption problems associated with traditional active control methods, fundamentally simplifying the system structure. By organically combining corona discharge and dielectric barrier discharge, a plasma-enhanced vertical jet with strong penetration and adjustable intensity is formed. Effective drag reduction is achieved at a wider incoming flow velocity, avoiding the local drag-increasing region generated by traditional DBD (Dielectric Barrier Discharge) methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plasma technology, and in particular to a vertical jet plasma generation device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the aerodynamic design of high-speed moving vehicles, drag reduction is always one of the core objectives. For large transport vehicles, frictional drag accounts for almost 50% of the total drag during the cruise phase. Therefore, reducing frictional drag, especially turbulent frictional drag, can significantly improve the vehicle's cruise lift-to-drag ratio, thereby reducing engine fuel consumption, extending range and flight time, and ultimately achieving efficient energy utilization.

[0003] Currently, boundary layer flow drag reduction control technologies are mainly divided into two categories: passive control and active control. Among passive control methods, ribs are the most typical application. Ribs are flow-oriented protrusions periodically arranged along the spanwise direction on the boundary wall. By separating the strip structure of the turbulent boundary layer layer, they can achieve a drag reduction effect of approximately 8% to 10%. However, ribs have poor adaptability and a limited operating range, typically achieving optimal drag reduction only within a specific Reynolds number range. Once the design Reynolds number is deviated from due to velocity or weather changes, the drag reduction effect will significantly decrease, and may even lead to increased drag. In practice, these parameter variations are unavoidable; therefore, relying solely on ribs is insufficient for effective drag reduction applications.

[0004] Active control methods, such as air blowing and spanwise wall oscillation, can adjust control parameters in real time according to the flow field state, adapting to various operating conditions and exhibiting strong environmental adaptability. Among them, ordinary air blowing technology can achieve a turbulence drag reduction effect of approximately 20%–30%, while spanwise wall oscillation can even reduce turbulent frictional drag by more than 45%. In terms of specific implementation, micro-blowing technology injects a small amount of gas into the near-wall region through micro-holes or gaps in the wall, altering the boundary layer velocity distribution and effectively suppressing turbulent bursts and frictional drag. It has advantages such as relatively simple structure, fast response, and high control precision. However, these active control methods generally rely on complex gas source systems, air intake pipelines, drive motors, and mechanical structures, which not only increase system weight and structural complexity but also consume considerable energy. Micro-blowing technology, in particular, often requires drawing air from the compression section of the power system, easily leading to power loss and overall performance degradation. Therefore, despite its significant drag reduction potential, the energy, weight, and performance costs associated with control in practical applications often outweigh the drag reduction benefits, greatly limiting the large-scale application of this type of technology in high-speed motion scenarios.

[0005] In recent years, plasma turbulence drag reduction technology, as a novel active drag reduction method, has become the most promising turbulence drag reduction technology for practical applications due to its advantages such as simple structure, fast response, all-electric drive, and ease of intelligent control, and has received widespread attention. Among plasma turbulence drag reduction methods, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is commonly used, which can achieve an 11% drag reduction effect on airfoil turbulence friction at an incoming flow velocity of 20 m / s. However, because the intensity of dielectric barrier discharge is very limited (the induced velocity is generally only 2-3 m / s), when the incoming flow velocity increases to 30 m / s, the drag reduction effect rapidly decreases to 2.6%; when the incoming flow velocity increases further, the drag reduction effect disappears. At the same time, since dielectric barrier discharge converts most of the electrical energy into heat energy, its mechanical efficiency is low, making it difficult to achieve energy gains in turbulence drag reduction applications. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a vertical jet plasma generation device and method to address the problems in the prior art where the intensity of the plasma jet generated by dielectric barrier discharge is very limited and the drag reduction effect disappears when the flow velocity is further increased, as well as the problem that dielectric barrier discharge converts most of the electrical energy into heat energy, resulting in low mechanical efficiency and difficulty in achieving energy gains in turbulent drag reduction applications.

[0007] On one hand, embodiments of the present invention provide a vertical jet plasma generation device, comprising:

[0008] The carrier has a jet hole, a fixed cylinder is disposed inside the jet hole, a corona discharge exciter is disposed inside the fixed cylinder, and a dielectric barrier discharge exciter is disposed on the outside of the corona discharge exciter where it is attached to the fixed cylinder. The dielectric barrier discharge exciter, the corona discharge exciter, the jet hole and the fixed cylinder are coaxial.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the corona discharge actuator includes a corona negative electrode and a corona positive electrode. The corona negative electrode is a ring structure with multiple discharge needles. The discharge needles are disposed on one side of the negative electrode ring of the corona negative electrode and are oriented toward the jet hole outlet direction.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the corona positive electrode is provided with a positive electrode ring made of the same material as the negative electrode ring, the end face of the positive electrode ring is disposed in the jet hole and closely attached to the surface of the carrier, the negative electrode ring is disposed below the positive electrode ring, and the negative electrode ring and the positive electrode ring are spaced apart.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the dielectric barrier discharge actuator includes a high-voltage electrode, an insulating dielectric layer, and a low-voltage electrode, and the dielectric barrier discharge actuator forms a cylindrical actuator through the high-voltage electrode, the insulating dielectric layer, and the low-voltage electrode.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the low-pressure electrode and the high-pressure electrode are cylindrical electrodes. The low-pressure electrode is disposed close to the inner wall of the insulating dielectric layer, and the high-pressure electrode is disposed close to the outer wall of the insulating dielectric layer. The lower cylindrical edge of the high-pressure electrode is aligned with the upper cylindrical edge of the low-pressure electrode, and the insulating dielectric layer and the low-pressure electrode are aligned with the jet holes on the surface of the carrier.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the low-voltage electrode and the corona negative electrode are grounded, the corona positive electrode is connected to the output terminal of the DC high-voltage transformer, the ground terminal of the DC high-voltage transformer is grounded, the ground terminal of the high-voltage sine wave power supply is grounded, the high-voltage sine wave power supply is provided with multiple independent high-voltage output terminals, the multiple high-voltage output terminals are respectively connected to multiple high-voltage electrodes, and the number of output terminals of the high-voltage sine wave power supply is the same as the number of groups of high-voltage electrodes.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the control input terminals of the DC high-voltage transformer and the high-voltage sinusoidal power supply are connected to the signal output terminal of the intelligent controller.

[0015] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for generating vertical jet plasma, the method being used to generate plasma according to the above-described apparatus, comprising:

[0016] A high-voltage DC current is applied between the positive and negative electrodes of the corona discharge exciter by a DC high-voltage transformer controlled by an intelligent controller, resulting in a vertical jet of plasma generated in the jet hole and directed out of the jet hole.

[0017] The intelligent controller controls the high-voltage sinusoidal power supply to apply a high-voltage sinusoidal wave between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode to obtain a plasma jet.

[0018] The plasma vertical jet is coupled with the plasma jet to obtain a plasma-enhanced vertical jet;

[0019] The intelligent controller continuously adjusts the amplitude and velocity of the plasma-enhanced vertical jet by regulating the output voltage of the high-voltage sinusoidal power supply and the DC high-voltage transformer.

[0020] The vertical jet plasma generation device and method of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0021] (1) The fully electronic control design eliminates the need to draw air from the engine or add complex air supply pipelines, thus eliminating the problems of thrust loss, structural weight increase and excessive energy consumption caused by traditional active control methods, and achieving a fundamental simplification of the system structure.

[0022] (2) By organically combining the more mechanically efficient corona discharge (generating the normal main jet) with the fast-responding dielectric barrier discharge (generating the horizontal induced flow), an enhanced synthetic jet with strong penetration and adjustable intensity is formed. This jet can effectively interfere with and suppress the near-wall turbulent quasi-sequence structure, achieving effective drag reduction not only over a wider range of incoming flow velocities (Reynolds number) but also avoiding the local drag-increasing region generated by traditional DBD.

[0023] (3) The discharge parameters can be precisely and quickly adjusted in real time through the intelligent controller, thereby flexibly controlling the jet characteristics, enabling the system to adapt to changing operating conditions instantly, and possessing a wideband control capability that other mechanical methods cannot match.

[0024] (4) It combines the high mechanical efficiency of corona discharge with the low inertia of plasma excitation. While achieving significant turbulence drag reduction, its overall energy consumption is much lower than that of traditional active control methods, making it easier to achieve net energy gain and possessing excellent economic efficiency in engineering applications. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a vertical jet plasma generation device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 A flowchart of a vertical jet plasma generation method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 3 A diagram illustrating the corona negative electrode structure of a vertical jet plasma generation device provided in this application embodiment;

[0029] Figure 4 A diagram illustrating the operating state of the exciter of a vertical jet plasma generation device provided in this application embodiment.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals: 100, Dielectric barrier discharge actuator; 110, High-voltage electrode; 120, Insulating dielectric layer; 130, Low-voltage electrode; 200, Corona discharge actuator; 210, Corona negative electrode; 211, Discharge needle; 212, Negative electrode ring; 220, Corona positive electrode; 221, Positive electrode ring; 300, Carrier; 400, Jet orifice; 500, Fixing cylinder; 600, DC high-voltage transformer; 700, High-voltage sine wave power supply; 800, Intelligent controller; 810, Vertical plasma jet; 820, Plasma jet; 830, Plasma-enhanced vertical jet. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a vertical jet plasma generation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; the embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical jet plasma generation device, including:

[0033] A carrier 300 is provided with a jet hole 400. A fixed cylinder 500 is provided inside the jet hole 400. A corona discharge actuator 200 is provided inside the fixed cylinder 500. A dielectric barrier discharge actuator 100 is provided at the outer side of the corona discharge actuator 200 where it is in contact with the fixed cylinder 500. The dielectric barrier discharge actuator 100, the corona discharge actuator 200, the jet hole 400 and the fixed cylinder 500 are coaxial.

[0034] The corona discharge exciter 200 includes a corona negative electrode 210 and a corona positive electrode 220. The corona negative electrode 210 is a ring structure with a plurality of discharge needles 211. The discharge needles 211 are disposed on one side of the negative electrode ring 212 of the corona negative electrode 210 and are disposed toward the outlet direction of the jet hole 400.

[0035] The corona positive electrode 220 is provided with a positive electrode ring 221 made of the same material as the negative electrode ring 212. The end face of the positive electrode ring 221 is disposed inside the jet hole 400 and closely attached to the surface of the carrier 300. The negative electrode ring 212 is disposed below the positive electrode ring 221, and the negative electrode ring 212 and the positive electrode ring 221 are spaced apart.

[0036] The dielectric barrier discharge actuator 100 includes a high-voltage electrode 110, an insulating dielectric layer 120, and a low-voltage electrode 130. The dielectric barrier discharge actuator 100 forms a cylindrical actuator through the high-voltage electrode 110, the insulating dielectric layer 120, and the low-voltage electrode 130.

[0037] The low-pressure electrode 130 and the high-pressure electrode 110 are cylindrical electrodes. The low-pressure electrode 130 is disposed close to the inner wall of the insulating dielectric layer 120, and the high-pressure electrode 110 is disposed close to the outer wall of the insulating dielectric layer 120. The lower cylindrical edge of the high-pressure electrode 110 is aligned with the upper cylindrical edge of the low-pressure electrode 130. The insulating dielectric layer 120 and the low-pressure electrode 130 are aligned with the jet holes 400 on the surface of the carrier 300.

[0038] The low-voltage electrode 130 and the corona negative electrode 210 are grounded. The corona positive electrode 220 is connected to the output terminal of the DC high-voltage transformer 600. The grounding terminal of the DC high-voltage transformer 600 is grounded. The grounding terminal of the high-voltage sine wave power supply 700 is grounded. The high-voltage sine wave power supply 700 is provided with multiple independent high-voltage output terminals. The multiple high-voltage output terminals are respectively connected to multiple high-voltage electrodes 110. The number of output terminals of the high-voltage sine wave power supply 700 is the same as the number of groups of high-voltage electrodes 110.

[0039] The control input terminals of the DC high-voltage transformer 600 and the high-voltage sine wave power supply 700 are connected to the signal output terminal of the intelligent controller 800.

[0040] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device of this application mainly consists of a dielectric barrier discharge actuator 100, a corona discharge actuator 200, a carrier surface 300, and a jet orifice 400. The dielectric barrier discharge actuator 100 is further composed of a high-voltage electrode 110, an insulating dielectric layer 120, and a low-voltage electrode 130. The corona discharge actuator 200 is composed of a corona negative electrode 210 and a corona positive electrode 220. In the figure, the x, y, and z directions are defined as the flow direction, spanwise direction, and normal direction, respectively.

[0041] First, a jet hole 400 is formed on the surface 300 of the carrier. The jet hole 400 is a normal through hole for the jet to pass through. The jet hole 400 is a circular hole with a diameter of 5-15 mm (preferably 10 mm). In specific applications, the jet hole 400 can also be changed to a square or other shape as needed. Then, an exciter is arranged below the surface of the carrier 300 (in the negative y direction), such as... Figure 1As shown. The dielectric barrier discharge actuator 100 is a cylindrical actuator formed by a high-voltage electrode 110, an insulating dielectric layer 120, and a low-voltage electrode 130 to generate a normal-enhanced jet. The insulating dielectric layer 120 is made of polyimide film with a thickness of 0.05-0.5 mm (preferably 0.18 mm). Since polyimide film is a flexible material, it is easy to manufacture into a cylindrical shape. In specific applications, the polyimide material can be replaced with materials such as alumina ceramic sheets to improve its durability. The low-voltage electrode 130 is made of copper foil with a thickness of 0.01-0.1 mm (preferably 0.05 mm), is cylindrical, and 2 mm wide. It is installed inside the insulating dielectric layer at 5 mm intervals (the specific spacing can be changed according to the required jet velocity). The high-voltage electrode 110 is also made of copper foil, with the same thickness as the low-voltage electrode 130. The high-voltage electrode 110 is still cylindrical in shape, with a width of 1 mm. It is installed on the outside of the insulating dielectric layer, with one installed every 5 mm (the specific spacing can be changed according to the required jet velocity).

[0042] In one possible embodiment, the dielectric barrier discharge actuator 100 selects a high-voltage electrode 110 with a width of 1 mm and a low-voltage electrode 130 with a width of 2 mm, with a 2 mm interval between each group of excitations. In practical applications, the width of the high-voltage electrode should be minimized while ensuring electrode durability. During assembly, the low-voltage electrode 130 is tightly attached to the inner side of the insulating dielectric layer 120, ensuring a tight fit between the low-voltage electrode 130 and the insulating dielectric layer 120. The high-voltage electrode 110 is tightly attached to the outer side of the insulating dielectric layer 120, ensuring that the lower cylindrical edge of the high-voltage electrode 110 is aligned with the upper cylindrical edge of the low-voltage electrode 130. When assembling the dielectric barrier discharge actuator 100 with the carrier surface 300, the insulating dielectric layer 120, the low-voltage electrode 130, and the jet holes 400 on the carrier surface 300 should be aligned.

[0043] A corona discharge actuator 200 (structure as shown) is arranged below the surface of the carrier 300. Figure 1 (As shown). The corona discharge actuator 200 consists of a corona negative electrode 210 and a corona positive electrode 220. The corona negative electrode 210 adopts a ring structure design with multiple discharge needles 211 (as shown). Figure 3(As shown): Discharge needles 211 are concentrated on a single end face of the negative electrode ring 212, with the needle tips pointing upwards. The materials of the discharge needles 211 and the negative electrode ring 212 are preferably copper, tungsten, or other ablation-resistant conductive materials; when the requirement for electrode mechanical strength is low, alternative materials such as graphite can also be used to meet the lightweight requirements. The outer radius of the negative electrode ring 212 should be 3-5 mm smaller than the jet hole 400 (preferably 3 mm), the thickness of the negative electrode ring 212 should be 1-5 mm (preferably 3 mm), the spacing between the negative electrode rings 212 should be 1-10 mm (preferably 3 mm), the length of the discharge needles 211 should be 3-10 mm (preferably 5 mm), and the material of the corona positive electrode 220 is the same as that of the corona negative electrode 210. The inner ring dimension of the positive electrode ring 221 should be 1-2 mm smaller than that of the jet orifice 400. The thickness of the positive electrode ring 221 should be 1-5 mm (preferably 3 mm), and the height of the positive electrode ring 221 should be 1-10 mm (preferably 3 mm). Figure 1 As shown, during assembly, the end face of the corona positive electrode 220 is placed tightly against the jet hole 400 of the carrier surface 300, and the inner ring of the positive electrode ring 221 is aligned with the jet hole 400. Then, the corona negative electrode 210 is placed 3-6 mm (preferably 4 mm) below the corona positive electrode 220, ensuring that the negative electrode ring 211 and the positive electrode ring 221 are coaxial.

[0044] The corona discharge actuator 200 is nested inside the dielectric barrier discharge actuator 100, and then the actuator is fixed in a fixed cylinder 500 made of transparent acrylic material (which can be changed to other insulating materials as needed). This is used to install and fix the actuator below the jet hole 400, ensuring that the dielectric barrier discharge actuator 100, the corona discharge actuator 200, the jet hole 400 and the fixed cylinder 500 are coaxial.

[0045] After the exciter is assembled, ground the low-voltage electrode 130 and the corona negative electrode 210, connect the corona positive electrode 220 to the output terminal of the DC high-voltage transformer 600, and ground the ground terminal of the DC high-voltage transformer 600. Simultaneously, ground the ground terminal of the high-voltage sine wave power supply 700, which has multiple independent output terminals, and connect each independent high-voltage output terminal of the high-voltage sine wave power supply 700 to each group of high-voltage electrodes of the high-voltage electrode 110, with the number of output terminals of the high-voltage sine wave power supply 700 matching the number of groups of high-voltage electrodes 110. Finally, connect the control input terminals of the DC high-voltage transformer 600 and the high-voltage sine wave power supply 700 to the signal output terminal of the intelligent controller 800. The connection details are as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the diagram. The dashed lines in the diagram represent connections made from the bottom.

[0046] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a vertical jet plasma generation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; the present invention provides a vertical jet plasma generation method, the method being used to generate plasma according to the above-described apparatus, comprising:

[0047] The intelligent controller 800 controls the DC high voltage transformer 600 to apply a DC high voltage between the corona positive electrode 220 and the corona negative electrode 210 in the corona discharge exciter 200 to obtain a vertical plasma jet 810 generated in the jet hole 400 and directed to the outside of the jet hole 400.

[0048] The intelligent controller 800 controls the high-voltage sinusoidal power supply 700 to apply a high-voltage sinusoidal wave between the high-voltage electrode 110 and the low-voltage electrode 130 to obtain a plasma jet 820.

[0049] The plasma vertical jet 810 is coupled with the plasma jet 820 to obtain a plasma-enhanced vertical jet 830.

[0050] The intelligent controller 800 continuously adjusts the amplitude and velocity of the plasma-enhanced vertical jet 830 by regulating the output voltage of the high-voltage sinusoidal power supply 700 and the DC high-voltage transformer 600.

[0051] For example, firstly, under the control of the intelligent controller 800, the DC high-voltage transformer 600 is turned on, applying a DC high voltage between the corona positive electrode 220 and the corona negative electrode 210 in the corona discharge exciter 200. This generates a strong electric field in the vertical direction (positive z-direction) between the corona positive electrode 220 and the corona negative electrode 210, thereby generating corona discharge between the electrodes. The DC high voltage amplitude should ensure a stable corona discharge between the corona positive electrode 220 and the corona negative electrode 210 without generating an electric arc. The corona discharge ionizes the air between the electrodes, generating a large number of negative ions. Under the influence of the electric field between the electrodes, the ionized negative ions move from the lower corona negative electrode 210 to the upper corona positive electrode 220, continuously colliding with air molecules, thereby inducing an upward vertical plasma jet 810 generated by the corona discharge in the jet orifice 400.

[0052] Simultaneously, under the control of the intelligent controller 800, the designated output channel of the high-voltage sinusoidal power supply 700 is opened, and a high-voltage sinusoidal wave is applied between the high-voltage electrode 110 group and the low-voltage electrode 130 corresponding to the designated output channel, generating a strong electric field in the horizontal direction (positive z-direction) between the high-voltage electrode 110 and the low-voltage electrode 130. Under the constraint of the insulating dielectric layer 120, the air on the surface of the insulating dielectric layer 120 directly above the low-voltage electrode 130 will be ionized by the strong electric field between the electrodes, forming a dielectric barrier discharge. According to the principle of dielectric barrier discharge, it will generate an induced airflow tangential to the wall and upward between the high-voltage electrode 110 and the low-voltage electrode 130. This airflow, through energy injection, accelerates and stabilizes the vertical (normal) main jet generated by the central corona discharge, thereby forming an "enhanced vertical jet," that is, the plasma jet 820 generated by the dielectric barrier discharge.

[0053] Secondly, the plasma vertical jet 820 generated by the high-voltage sinusoidal power supply 700 driving the dielectric barrier discharge exciter 100 will be coupled with the plasma jet 810 generated by the DC high-voltage transformer 600 driving the corona discharge exciter 200, thereby accelerating the plasma jet 810 generated by the dielectric barrier discharge in the normal direction and forming the plasma-enhanced vertical jet 830 required for flow control.

[0054] Finally, since the plasma vertical jet 820 generated by the dielectric barrier discharge always flows from the high-voltage electrode 110 to the low-voltage electrode 130, the intelligent controller 800 can select a specific high-voltage electrode 110 to change the intensity of the plasma jet 810, thereby obtaining a plasma-enhanced vertical jet 830 to generate the desired control disturbance in the flow field. Specifically, when selecting the high-voltage electrode 110, it should be ensured that the position of the specified high-voltage electrode 110 generates the desired vertical jet in the direction of the desired plasma vertical jet 820. Simultaneously, according to the principle of velocity superposition, the velocity of the plasma-enhanced vertical jet 830 will also change accordingly due to the different intensities of the various velocity components in space. Therefore, the intelligent controller 800 can adjust the velocity of the plasma vertical jet 820 generated by the dielectric barrier discharge and the plasma jet 810 generated by the corona discharge by adjusting the output voltage of the high-voltage sinusoidal power supply 700 and the DC high-voltage transformer 600, thereby continuously adjusting the amplitude and velocity of the plasma-enhanced vertical jet 830.

[0055] The intelligent controller (800) achieves intelligent control through a hierarchical strategy. First, acting as an upper-level decision-maker, it retrieves the optimal initial operating point from a pre-stored control mapping table based on real-time collected key state parameters such as the incoming flow velocity, setting the initial voltages for corona discharge and dielectric barrier discharge, and activating the electrode group to ensure rapid response. Then, acting as a lower-level regulator, it enters a closed-loop fine-tuning stage: based on feedback signals such as wall friction resistance, it uses a PID control algorithm to continuously adjust the discharge parameters to dynamically track the optimal drag reduction effect; simultaneously, it can implement triggered pulse control based on identified specific turbulence events to achieve precise and efficient "on-demand turbulence suppression." Through this method of "combining feedforward and feedback regulation," the system can adapt to changes in the wide-velocity flow field and optimize plasma jet characteristics in real time, thereby stably achieving efficient drag reduction.

[0056] The control mapping table is a multi-dimensional control mapping table established and optimized through extensive wind tunnel testing, and stored in the non-volatile memory of the intelligent controller (800). This table takes key state parameters as input and optimized discharge parameters as output. A simplified example table is shown below:

[0057] Table 1. Examples of State-Discharge Parameter Optimization Mapping

[0058]

[0059] The specific execution process is as follows: The controller continuously collects airflow state signals from the speed sensor in real time, and after analysis, obtains the current Mach number of the airflow (e.g., Ma=0.8). Then, the controller uses this set of state parameters as an index to query the aforementioned mapping table, and within milliseconds, it can retrieve the uniquely corresponding optimized combination of discharge parameters—including the DC voltage U_c of corona discharge (e.g., 10kV), the AC voltage peak U_d of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) (e.g., 7kV), and the specific DBD electrode group number to be activated (e.g., groups 1, 2, 3, and 4). The query result is immediately converted into control command output, directly setting the voltage amplitudes of the DC high-voltage transformer (600) and the high-voltage sine wave power supply (700), and connecting the corresponding electrode drive channels. This method effectively applies the previously accumulated wide-area optimization experience to real-time control, providing the system with a high-quality initial operating point that ideally matches the macroscopic state, avoiding control lag caused by slow controller response.

[0060] In the feedback control loop, the intelligent controller (800) uses a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm to fine-tune the voltage of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in real time. Its core calculation process is as follows: The controller first calculates the current frictional resistance deviation e(t) = Cf_current - Cf_target; then, based on preset control parameters, it calculates three control outputs in parallel: the proportional term (P): kp × e(t) reacts instantly to the current deviation, generating a fast control quantity proportional to the deviation; the integral term (I): Ki × ∫e(t)dt accumulates historical deviations to eliminate steady-state errors and prevent long-term deviations of the resistance from the set value; the derivative term (D): Kd × de(t) / dt predicts ahead based on the rate of change of the deviation to suppress the rapid increase in resistance. The final control increment is obtained by superimposing the three: ΔU(t) = Kp × e(t) + Ki × ∫e(t)dt + Kd × de(t) / dt. The increment ΔU(t) is superimposed in real time onto the base voltage U_d_table obtained from the feedforward lookup table, thereby generating the final execution voltage U_d_final = U_d_table + ΔU(t) of the high-voltage sinusoidal power supply (700), realizing precise, continuous and dynamic adjustment of the plasma jet intensity. Here, e(t) is the frictional resistance deviation at the current moment, which is the difference between the real-time frictional resistance and the target frictional resistance; Cf_current is the real-time acquired actual value of the frictional resistance (the frictional resistance at the current moment); Cf_target is the preset frictional resistance target value (the desired frictional resistance setpoint); Kp is the proportional control coefficient (the proportional gain of the PID algorithm), which determines the contribution of the proportional term to the control quantity; Ki is the integral control coefficient (the integral gain of the PID algorithm), which determines the contribution of the integral term to the control quantity; Kd is the derivative control coefficient (the derivative gain of the PID algorithm), which determines the contribution of the derivative term to the control quantity; ∫ e(t)dt is the integral term of the frictional resistance deviation e(t) with respect to time, reflecting the historical cumulative value of the deviation. de(t) / dt is the derivative (rate of change) of the frictional resistance deviation e(t) with respect to time, reflecting the trend of the deviation. ΔU(t) is the control increment output by the PID algorithm, which is the voltage regulation obtained by calculating the proportional, integral, and derivative terms. U_d_table is the base voltage (the reference voltage value for plasma jet intensity regulation) obtained by looking up the table from the feedforward. U_d_final is the final execution voltage of the high-voltage sinusoidal power supply, which is the superposition value of the base voltage and the PID control increment. t is a time variable, representing the current moment.

[0061] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0062] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A vertical jet plasma generation device, characterized in that, include: A carrier (300) is provided with a jet hole (400), a fixed cylinder (500) is provided inside the jet hole (400), a corona discharge actuator (200) is provided inside the fixed cylinder (500), and a dielectric barrier discharge actuator (100) is provided at the outer side of the corona discharge actuator (200) where it is in contact with the fixed cylinder (500). The dielectric barrier discharge actuator (100), the corona discharge actuator (200), the jet hole (400) and the fixed cylinder (500) are coaxial. The corona discharge actuator (200) includes a corona negative electrode (210) and a corona positive electrode (220). The corona negative electrode (210) is a ring structure with multiple discharge needles (211). The discharge needles (211) are disposed on one side of the negative electrode ring (212) of the corona negative electrode (210) and are disposed towards the outlet direction of the jet hole (400). The corona positive electrode (220) is provided with a positive electrode ring (221) made of the same material as the negative electrode ring (212). The end face of the positive electrode ring (221) is disposed in the jet hole (400) and closely attached to the surface of the carrier (300). The negative electrode ring (212) is disposed below the positive electrode ring (221). The negative electrode ring (212) and the positive electrode ring (221) are spaced apart. The dielectric barrier discharge actuator (100) includes a high-voltage electrode (110), an insulating dielectric layer (120), and a low-voltage electrode (130). The dielectric barrier discharge actuator (100) forms a cylindrical actuator through the high-voltage electrode (110), the insulating dielectric layer (120), and the low-voltage electrode (130). The low-pressure electrode (130) and the high-pressure electrode (110) are cylindrical electrodes. The low-pressure electrode (130) is disposed close to the inner wall of the insulating dielectric layer (120), and the high-pressure electrode (110) is disposed close to the outer wall of the insulating dielectric layer (120). The lower cylindrical edge of the high-pressure electrode (110) is aligned with the upper cylindrical edge of the low-pressure electrode (130). The insulating dielectric layer (120) and the low-pressure electrode (130) are aligned with the jet holes (400) on the surface of the carrier (300). The low-voltage electrode (130) and the corona negative electrode (210) are grounded, the corona positive electrode (220) is connected to the output terminal of the DC high voltage transformer (600), the ground terminal of the DC high voltage transformer (600) is grounded, the ground terminal of the high voltage sine wave power supply (700) is grounded, the high voltage sine wave power supply (700) is provided with multiple independent high voltage output terminals, and the multiple high voltage output terminals are respectively connected to multiple high voltage electrodes (110). The number of output terminals of the high voltage sine wave power supply (700) is the same as the number of groups of high voltage electrodes (110). The control input terminals of the DC high voltage transformer (600) and the high voltage sine wave power supply (700) are connected to the signal output terminal of the intelligent controller (800).

2. A method for generating vertical jet plasma, the method being used to generate plasma using a vertical jet plasma generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: The intelligent controller (800) controls the DC high voltage transformer (600) to apply DC high voltage between the corona positive electrode (220) and the corona negative electrode (210) in the corona discharge actuator (200) to obtain a vertical plasma jet (810) generated in the jet hole (400) and directed to the outside of the jet hole (400). The high-voltage sine wave power supply (700) is controlled by the intelligent controller (800) to apply a high-voltage sine wave between the high-voltage electrode (110) and the low-voltage electrode (130) to obtain a plasma jet (820). The plasma vertical jet (810) is coupled with the plasma jet (820) to obtain a plasma-enhanced vertical jet (830). The intelligent controller (800) continuously adjusts the amplitude and velocity of the plasma-enhanced vertical jet (830) by regulating the output voltage of the high-voltage sinusoidal power supply (700) and the DC high-voltage transformer (600).

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