An attachment quick change device and attachment change monitoring method

Abstract

The application relates to an accessory quick replacement device and an accessory replacement monitoring method in the field of numerical control machine tools. The accessory quick replacement device comprises a ram mechanism, the bottom of the ram mechanism is fixedly provided with a connecting body, a plurality of accessory grabbing mechanisms are arranged on the connecting body in a ring direction at intervals, the accessory grabbing mechanism comprises a pull rod, an installation cavity is formed in the connecting body, the pull rod is vertically and slidably arranged in the installation cavity, a spring is sleeved on the upper half of the pull rod, a plurality of pull claws are movably connected to the outer side of the lower half of the pull rod in a ring direction, the top of the installation cavity is connected with a first oil channel, the side of the installation cavity is connected with a second oil channel, and the pull claws are used for grabbing pull nails on the top of the accessory. The mode that hydraulic oil and the spring jointly drive the pull claws to clamp the pull nails can not only guarantee the connection firmness and stability between the pull claws and the pull nails, but also can continuously provide a thrust force by using the spring when the hydraulic oil circuit is suddenly cut off, so that the risk of accessory head falling caused by the connection failure of the pull claws and the pull nails is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to an accessory quick replacement device and an accessory replacement monitoring method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The numerical control gantry machining center is configured with a full-automatic replacement high-performance double-swing-angle numerical control universal milling head and various accessory milling heads suitable for different working conditions, forming a heavy five-axis linkage gantry milling machine with high precision, high automation and wide adaptability.

[0003] During the machining of parts, the tool needs to be frequently replaced. In order to realize automatic replacement of the tool, an accessory head automatic replacement device (such as CN118204816A) is currently used, which includes a draw jaw, the draw jaw is connected with a piston, the piston is driven through a hydraulic unit, and a spring is further provided. When the piston pushes the draw jaw, the spring is compressed synchronously, at which time the draw jaw is loosened. When the piston moves away from the draw jaw, the spring resets, at which time the draw jaw clamps the draw pin on the accessory head under the action of the spring, so as to realize automatic connection and release with the accessory head.

[0004] The clamping force of the draw jaw of the existing accessory head automatic replacement device on the draw pin on the accessory head is completely supported by the elastic force of the spring. For heavy accessory heads, the clamping force is insufficient, and it is difficult to ensure the connection stability with the accessory head. Moreover, the plug-in structure (such as an electrical plug-in connector) between the automatic replacement device and the accessory head is fixed in position, and the positioning accuracy is limited. During the butt joint, the plug-in connectors are easily damaged due to installation errors and misalignment. In addition, the existing accessory head automatic replacement device does not have an accessory head life detection function. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems of the existing accessory head automatic replacement device in the background art, the clamping force of the draw jaw is supported by the elastic force of the spring, and the clamping force is insufficient, which makes it difficult to ensure the connection stability with the accessory head. The present application provides an accessory quick replacement device and an accessory replacement monitoring method.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0007] The application provides an accessory quick replacement device, which comprises a ram mechanism, a coupling body is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the ram mechanism, a plurality of accessory grabbing mechanisms are arranged on the coupling body in a ring direction at intervals, a connecting hole is arranged at the middle position of the bottom of the ram mechanism, and the connecting hole is used for being connected with a transmission main shaft of an accessory; the accessory grabbing mechanism comprises a pull rod, an installation cavity is arranged on the coupling body, the pull rod is vertically and slidingly arranged in the installation cavity, a spring is arranged on the upper half of the pull rod, a plurality of pull claws are movably connected to the outer side of the lower half of the pull rod in a ring direction, the top of the installation cavity is connected with a first oil channel, so that the pull rod is pushed to move downwards to compress the spring and release the pull claws by using hydraulic oil, the side of the installation cavity is connected with a second oil channel, so that the pull rod is pushed to move upwards to lock the pull claws by using hydraulic oil in cooperation with the spring, and the pull claws are used for grabbing pull nails on the top of the accessory. The accessory grabbing mechanism on the coupling body is matched with the spring through the pull rod and the double oil channels, the pull rod can not only be pushed to move downwards to compress the spring to release the pull claws by using the hydraulic oil of the first oil channel, but also can be pushed to move upwards to lock the pull claws by using the hydraulic oil of the second oil channel in cooperation with the spring, and the double driving forces of the hydraulic oil and the spring can greatly improve the clamping force of the pull claws on the pull nails, so that stable and sufficient clamping force can be provided for heavy accessory heads, the firmness of the connection between the accessory head and the device is ensured, and the problem of loose connection caused by insufficient clamping force is avoided.

[0008] Preferably, a first limiting block and a second limiting block are fixedly arranged in the installation cavity of the coupling body, the first limiting block is located below the spring, the second limiting block is located below the first limiting block, a limiting cavity is enclosed between the first limiting block and the second limiting block, a third limiting block is fixedly arranged on the pull rod, and the third limiting block is slidingly arranged in the limiting cavity. The first limiting block, the second limiting block and the third limiting block on the pull rod form the limiting cavity in the installation cavity of the coupling body, the sliding range of the pull rod in the installation cavity can be accurately limited, the pull claws are prevented from being released too much or the spring is prevented from being compressed too much due to excessive downward movement of the pull rod, the structural integrity of the spring and the pull claws is protected, the accuracy of the releasing and locking actions of the pull claws is ensured, and the stability of the accessory grabbing and releasing process is further improved.

[0009] Preferably, O-shaped sealing rings are arranged between the first limiting block and the installation cavity of the coupling body and between the first limiting block and the pull rod, the O-shaped sealing rings between the first limiting block and the installation cavity of the coupling body and between the first limiting block and the pull rod can effectively prevent the leakage of hydraulic oil in the installation cavity, ensure the stability of the hydraulic oil pressure in the first oil channel and the second oil channel, avoid insufficient driving force of the pull rod due to pressure loss, ensure the stable output of the clamping force of the pull claws, reduce the pollution of hydraulic oil leakage to internal parts of the device, and prolong the overall service life of the device.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the connecting body is fixedly provided with a first gear plate, the accessory head is fixedly connected with a transmission main shaft, the transmission main shaft is rotatably arranged in the base, a plurality of pull nails are fixedly arranged on the top of the base in a ring direction, the top of the base is fixedly provided with a second gear plate, the bottom of the connecting body is spaced apart and provided with a plurality of positioning holes in a ring direction, and the top of the base is fixedly provided with a plurality of positioning pins in a ring direction. The connecting precision is improved, the positioning pin and the gear plate jointly bear the shearing force of the accessory head rotating around the shaft, the positioning precision is ensured, the stress of the plug is reduced, and the service life of the electric, hydraulic and pneumatic plug is improved.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting body and the accessory are connected through a plurality of electrical plug-in mechanisms and quick-change connector plug-in mechanisms. The electrical plug-in mechanism comprises an electrical plug male end and an electrical plug female end. The electrical plug male end is fixedly installed on the base through a first plug seat and a second plug seat. The electrical plug male end is clamped between the first plug seat and the second plug seat. There is a gap between the electrical plug male end and the first plug seat and the second plug seat. The electrical plug female end is fixedly installed on the connecting body through a third plug seat. The electrical plug male end is floatingly arranged. When the electrical plug male end and the electrical plug female end are connected, the electrical plug male end can adapt to small positional deviation, and the pins and the sockets of the electrical plug male end and the electrical plug female end are prevented from being damaged due to installation errors.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the base is fixedly provided with a chip, and the bottom of the connecting body is provided with a read-write unit. The read-write unit is used for recording the use frequency, single use time, cumulative use time and other information of the accessory head. The read-write unit is connected with the control system. The chip on the top of the base can store the use data of the accessory head. The read-write unit on the bottom of the connecting body can read the information in real time and transmit the information to the control system, so as to accurately record the use frequency, single use time, cumulative use time and other data of the accessory head, provide data support for subsequent life evaluation, fill the blank of the traditional accessory head automatic replacement device without life detection function, and help users to timely grasp the state of the accessory head.

[0013] An accessory replacement monitoring method comprises:

[0014] The hydraulic oil flows to the top of the pull rod through the first oil channel, pushes the pull rod to move downward to loosen the pull claw, and moves the slide block mechanism to the upper side of the corresponding accessory. The transmission main shaft on the accessory is inserted into the connecting hole. The first gear plate is engaged with the second gear plate. The positioning pin is inserted into the corresponding positioning hole.

[0015] After the connection is completed, the hydraulic oil flows into the chamber where the spring is located through the second oil channel, and the hydraulic oil and the spring are used to jointly push the pull rod to move upward. At the same time, the hydraulic oil in the chamber at the top of the pull rod is discharged from the first oil channel, so as to realize the locking between the pull claw and the corresponding pull nail.

[0016] During the grabbing of the accessory, the read-write unit reads the chip information and transmits the read information to the control system, calculates the accessory remaining life information, and presents the accessory remaining life information.

[0017] The hydraulic oil and the spring jointly drive the claw to clamp the pull pin, the hydraulic oil can supplement the thrust of the spring, the connection firmness and stability between the claw and the pull pin can be ensured, and the claw and the pull pin can be protected, when the hydraulic oil circuit is suddenly interrupted, the spring can continuously provide the thrust, the risk of falling of the accessory head due to the disconnection of the claw and the pull pin can be avoided.

[0018] Preferably, the information read by the read-write unit includes real-time data and historical data, the real-time data includes the current use frequency and the single use duration , and the historical data includes the historical cumulative use frequency and the historical cumulative use duration .

[0019] The control system is provided with an accessory rated life frequency and an accessory rated life time , and the current cumulative frequency is updated in real time after each use of the accessory: ; the current cumulative duration: .

[0020] The control system calculates the use rate U and the remaining life ratio R of the accessory according to the read, preset and real-time updated data, and calculates the remaining life time of the accessory according to the remaining life ratio R.

[0021] Preferably, the calculation formulas of the use rate U and the remaining life ratio R are respectively:

[0022]

[0023]

[0024] wherein, is a dynamic weight coefficient;

[0025] wherein, e is a natural constant, and k is a use intensity coefficient;

[0026] The remaining life time calculation formula is:

[0027] .

[0028] Preferably, when the remaining life ratio R is greater than or equal to 0.3, the accessory life is in a normal state, and the machine tool is in normal operation.

[0029] When the remaining service life ratio is 0.1≤R≤0.3, the accessory life is in a warning state, and it is planned to replace the accessory.

[0030] When the remaining service life ratio is 0.03≤R≤0.1, the accessory life is in a high-risk state, and the accessory should be replaced in advance.

[0031] When the remaining lifespan ratio R < 0.03, the accessory lifespan is in a dangerous state, and the machine will automatically shut down and alarm.

[0032] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. The hydraulic oil and spring work together to drive the pull claw to clamp the pull rivet. The hydraulic oil can supplement the spring with the pushing force, which can not only ensure the connection between the pull claw and the pull rivet, but also play a protective role. When the hydraulic oil circuit is suddenly interrupted, the spring can continue to provide the pushing force to avoid the risk of the accessory head falling due to the failure of the connection between the pull claw and the pull rivet.

[0034] 2. There is a gap between the male end of the electrical plug and the first and second plug sockets. By adjusting the floating setting of the male end of the electrical plug, it can adapt to slight positional deviations during docking, thus avoiding damage to the pins and sockets of the male and female ends of the electrical plug due to installation errors.

[0035] 3. The read / write unit can simultaneously collect real-time usage data and historical cumulative data of attachments, ensuring that the data covers the entire usage cycle of the attachments and providing a complete basis for lifespan calculation. The control system accurately judges the actual usage intensity of the attachments by using an intensity coefficient, and then adaptively adjusts the weights of the frequency factor and the time factor through a dynamic weight formula, making the calculation of the usage rate and remaining lifespan ratio more consistent with the actual degradation pattern of the attachments. At the same time, the remaining lifespan ratio is divided into four clear levels, each level corresponding to specific maintenance actions. This not only provides users with clear maintenance guidance, but also enables on-demand replacement, avoiding cost waste caused by premature attachment replacement, preventing the decline in processing accuracy or equipment failure due to failure to replace attachments after their lifespan has expired, and maximizing the use value of attachments. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the quick-change device for accessories according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 2 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the accessory quick-change device according to one or more embodiments of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 3 Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the accessory gripping mechanism according to one or more embodiments of the present application

[0040] Figure 4 Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the electrical plug-in mechanism according to one or more embodiments of the present application

[0041] Figure 5 Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the quick-change connector plug-in mechanism according to one or more embodiments of the present application

[0042] The components represented by the reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:

[0043] 1, ram mechanism; 2, coupling body; 3, accessory head; 4, transmission main shaft; 5, connecting hole; 6, first toothed disc; 7, second toothed disc; 8, accessory gripping mechanism; 9, electrical plug-in mechanism; 10, quick-change connector plug-in mechanism; 11, pull rod; 12, spring; 13, pull claw; 14, pull pin; 15, first limit block; 16, second limit block; 17, third limit block; 18, limit cavity; 19, first oil passage; 20, second oil passage; 21, positioning pin; 22, positioning hole; 23, male electrical plug; 24, female electrical plug; 25, male quick-change connector; 26, female quick-change connector; 27, first plug seat; 28, second plug seat; 29, quick-change connector seat; 30, sealing ring; 31, circlip; 32, read-write unit; 33, chip; 34, base; 35, third plug seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present patent, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present patent.

[0045] Embodiment 1

[0046] In a typical embodiment of the present application, as Figures 1-5As shown, an accessory quick replacement device is proposed, which comprises a ram mechanism 1, a coupling body 2 and an accessory grabbing mechanism 8, the coupling body 2 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the ram mechanism 1, and the coupling body 2 is provided with an installation cavity of the accessory grabbing mechanism 8, an oil way, a quick connector installation cavity, an electrical plug installation cavity and the like for realizing the installation and fixation of various functional components, the accessory grabbing mechanism 8 is provided with a plurality of accessory grabbing mechanisms 8, the plurality of accessory grabbing mechanisms 8 are installed in the installation cavity of the coupling body 2 in a ring-shaped and spaced manner, the accessory head 3 is fixedly connected with the transmission main shaft 4, and the transmission main shaft 4 is rotatably arranged in the fork-shaped base 34, the top of the base 34 is fixedly provided with a plurality of draw nails 14 in a ring-shaped and spaced manner, the accessory grabbing mechanism 8 corresponds to the draw nail 14 one by one to realize the quick connection or separation with the accessory head 3; a connecting hole 5 is arranged at the middle position of the bottom of the ram mechanism 1, the connecting hole 5 penetrates through the coupling body 2 to be connected with the transmission main shaft 4, and a C-axis transmission mechanism is installed in the ram mechanism 1 to drive the accessory head 3 to rotate around the shaft through the transmission main shaft 4.

[0047] As shown, Figure 3 The accessory grabbing mechanism 8 comprises a pull rod 11, a spring 12, a pull claw 13, a first oil way 19 and a second oil way 20, the pull rod 11 is vertically and slidably arranged in the installation cavity of the coupling body 2, the upper half of the pull rod 11 is in a T-shaped structure, the lower half of the pull rod 11 is in a detachable cross-shaped structure, the lower half of the pull rod 11 is detachably connected with the upper half of the pull rod 11 through a threaded connection, the spring 12 is sleeved on the upper half of the pull rod 11, the pull claw 13 is provided with a plurality of pull claws 13, the plurality of pull claws 13 are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the lower half of the pull rod 11 in a ring-shaped manner, and all the pull claws 13 are matched with the lower half of the pull rod 11, the pull rod 11 can drive the pull claws 13 to move close to or away from each other, the first oil way 19 is communicated with the top of the installation cavity, the second oil way 20 is communicated with the side of the installation cavity, the first oil way 19 is used for delivering hydraulic oil to the top of the pull rod 11 to push the pull rod 11 to move downward to compress the spring 12 and make the pull claws 13 move away from each other; the second oil way 20 is used for delivering hydraulic oil to the area where the spring 12 is sleeved on the pull rod 11 to jointly push the pull rod 11 to move upward with the spring 12, so that the pull claws 13 move close to each other, and then the pull claws 13 clamp the draw nail 14.

[0048] It can be understood that the first oil way 19 and the second oil way 20 are connected with the relaxation valve group and the locking valve group to control the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the first oil way 19 and the second oil way 20.

[0049] The mode that the hydraulic oil and the spring 12 jointly drive the pull claw 13 to clamp the draw nail 14 can use the hydraulic oil to supplement the thrust of the spring 12, which can not only ensure the connection firmness and stability between the pull claw 13 and the draw nail 14, but also has a protection effect, when the hydraulic oil way is suddenly cut off, the spring 12 can continuously provide the thrust to avoid the risk that the accessory head falls due to the disconnection between the pull claw 13 and the draw nail 14.

[0050] In this embodiment, the side wall of the lower half of the pull rod 11 is provided with a mounting groove, the top end of the pull claw 13 is a bent structure, and has a slope matched with the mounting groove, so that the pull rod 11 can push the pull claws 13 away from each other, and pull the pull claws 13 close to each other.

[0051] As shown in Figure 3 The mounting cavity of the coupling body 2 is also provided with a first limiting block 15 and a second limiting block 16, and the pull rod 11 is fixedly provided with a third limiting block 17. The cross-sectional shape of the first limiting block 15 is inverted U-shaped, the first limiting block 15 is located below the spring 12, the second limiting block 16 is located below the first limiting block 15, and the top end of the second limiting block 16 has a boss extending towards the pull rod 11. The first limiting block 15 and the second limiting block 16 are fixedly connected, O-shaped sealing rings are arranged between the first limiting block 15 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity of the coupling body 2 and between the first limiting block 15 and the pull rod 11 to play a sealing role and avoid leakage of hydraulic oil. The second limiting block 16 is detachably connected with the mounting cavity of the coupling body 2 by threaded connection to fix the position. The first limiting block 15 and the second limiting block 16 enclose a limiting cavity 18, and the third limiting block 17 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the pull rod 11 and slidably arranged in the limiting cavity 18 to limit the axial movement of the pull rod 11, so as to adjust the stroke of the pull rod 11 and ensure that the opening and closing states of the pull claws 13 of all accessory grabbing mechanisms 8 are the same, thereby ensuring the effective connection between all accessory grabbing mechanisms 8 and the pull rod 14.

[0052] The bottom of the coupling body 2 is fixedly provided with a first tooth disc 6, and the top of the base 34 is fixedly provided with a second tooth disc 7. The first tooth disc 6 and the second tooth disc 7 are engaged to ensure the positioning accuracy of the clamped accessory. The bottom of the coupling body 2 is also provided with a plurality of positioning holes 22 spaced apart in the circumferential direction, and the top of the base 34 is also fixedly provided with a plurality of positioning pins 21 spaced apart in the circumferential direction. The number of the positioning pins 21 is the same as and corresponds to the number of the positioning holes 22. The positioning pins 21 and the positioning holes 22 are matched to improve the connection accuracy and jointly bear the shear force of the accessory head 3 rotating around the shaft, thereby reducing the stress on the plug and improving the service life of the electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic plugs.

[0053] The coupling body 2 and the accessories are also connected by a plurality of electrical plug-in mechanisms 9 and quick-change connector plug-in mechanisms 10. The electrical plug-in mechanisms 9 and the quick-change connector plug-in mechanisms 10 are arranged on the bottom of the coupling body 2 and the top of the base 34 in the circumferential direction.

[0054] Specifically, the electrical plug-in mechanism 9 includes electrical plug male ends 23 and electrical plug female ends 24, the electrical plug male ends 23 are fixedly installed on the top of the base 34 and are arranged along the ring direction, and the electrical plug female ends 24 are fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting body 2 and are arranged along the ring direction. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the electrical plug male ends 23 are fixedly installed on the base 34 through the first plug seat 27 and the second plug seat 28, the electrical plug male ends 23 are clamped between the first plug seat 27 and the second plug seat 28, and there is a gap between the electrical plug male ends 23 and the first plug seat 27 and the second plug seat 28, so that the electrical plug male ends 23 can freely float between the first plug seat 27 and the second plug seat 28, thereby realizing the self-adaptive matching of the pins and the sockets in the accessory grabbing process, and avoiding that the pins and the sockets are damaged due to installation errors of the electrical plug male ends 23 and the electrical plug female ends 24; the first plug seat 27 and the second plug seat 28 are connected through screws and are fixedly connected with the base 34 through screws, the electrical plug female ends 24 are fixedly installed on the connecting body 2 through the third plug seat 35, the third plug seat 35 is threadedly connected with the connecting body 2, the third plug seat 35 has a hollow structure, the second plug seat 28 has a hollow boss structure, the second plug seat 28 is used for being inserted into the third plug seat 35 to play a role of rigid guidance, and the floating arrangement of the electrical plug male ends 23 can effectively ensure the butt joint precision between the electrical plug male ends 23 and the electrical plug female ends 24.

[0055] As shown in the figure, Figure 5 The quick-change connector plug-in mechanism 10 includes quick-change connector male ends 25 and quick-change connector female ends 26, the quick-change connector male ends 25 are fixedly installed on the top of the base 34 and are arranged along the ring direction, the quick-change connector female ends 26 are fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting body 2 and are arranged along the ring direction, and the quick-change connector male ends 25 and the quick-change connector female ends 26 are one-to-one corresponding, so as to realize the gas and liquid exchange between the accessories and the quick-change device, wherein the quick-change connector male ends 25 are fixedly installed on the base 34 through the quick-change connector seat 29, the quick-change connector seat 29 is threadedly connected with the base 34, the quick-change connector male ends 25 are fixedly installed in the quick-change connector seat 29 through the snap spring 31, and a sealing ring 30 is arranged between the quick-change connector male ends 25 and the quick-change connector seat 29, so as to prevent the gas and the liquid from overflowing; similarly, the quick-change connector female ends 26 are fixedly installed on the connecting body 2 through the quick-change connector seat 29, the quick-change connector seat 29 is threadedly connected with the connecting body 2, the quick-change connector female ends 26 are fixedly installed in the quick-change connector seat 29 through the snap spring 31, and a sealing ring 30 is arranged between the quick-change connector female ends 26 and the quick-change connector seat 29, so as to prevent the gas and the liquid from overflowing, and in the accessory changing process, the quick-change connector male ends 25 are inserted into the quick-change connector female ends 26 to realize the communication of the gas and liquid paths between the accessories and the quick-change device.

[0056] The top of the base 34 is further fixed with a chip 33, and a read-write unit 32 is installed at the corresponding position of the bottom of the coupling body 2, which is used in cooperation with the chip 33. The read-write unit 32 is an existing read-write device, which can record the information such as the number of uses of the accessory head, the single use time, the cumulative use time, the accessory clamping state and the accessory release state through cooperation with the chip 33. The read-write unit 32 is connected with the control system, which includes a calculation unit and a feedback unit. The calculation unit is connected with the read-write unit 32 and the feedback unit respectively. The calculation unit is internally provided with an accessory life prediction model to predict the service life of the accessory through the collected information. The feedback unit is a visual operation panel to present through the feedback unit, which is convenient for users to maintain. In addition, the control system is also connected with the hydraulic system, the electrical system and the gas-liquid system to control the cooperative control of the hydraulic oil, the electrical signal and the gas-liquid.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] In another typical embodiment of the application, an accessory replacement monitoring method is provided, which uses the accessory quick replacement device in embodiment 1. The accessory replacement monitoring method comprises:

[0059] First, the control system controls the electromagnetic valve corresponding to the first oil channel 19 to open, and the electromagnetic valve corresponding to the second oil channel 20 to open, so that the hydraulic oil flows into the top chamber of the pull rod 11 through the first oil channel 19. The hydraulic oil is used to push the pull rod 11 to move along the axial direction towards the direction of approaching the pull claw 13 (i.e. downward), so as to push the pull claw 13 to move away from each other for grabbing the end of the pull pin 14. The slide block mechanism 1 moves to the upper side of the corresponding accessory. The transmission main shaft 4 on the accessory is inserted into the connecting hole 5 and connected with the C-axis transmission mechanism. At the same time, the male end 23 of the electrical plug is connected with the corresponding female end 24 of the electrical plug, the male end 25 of the quick change connector is connected with the corresponding female end 26 of the quick change connector, the first toothed disc 6 is engaged with the second toothed disc 7, and the positioning pin 21 is inserted into the corresponding positioning hole 22.

[0060] After the connection is completed, the control system controls the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the first oil channel 19 and the second oil channel 20, so that the hydraulic oil flows into the chamber where the spring 12 is located on the pull rod 11 through the second oil channel 20. The hydraulic oil and the spring 12 are used to jointly push the pull rod 11 to move along the axial direction towards the direction of moving away from the pull claw 13 (i.e. upward). At the same time, the hydraulic oil in the top chamber of the pull rod 11 is discharged from the first oil channel 19, so as to pull the pull claw 13 to move upward, so that the end of the pull claw 13 for grabbing the pull pin 14 moves close to each other, so as to realize the locking between the pull claw 13 and the pull pin 14, and then grab the accessory.

[0061] During the grabbing of the accessory, the read-write unit 32 at the bottom of the coupling body 2 reads the chip 33, which is an RFID radio frequency chip, and records the use frequency information, single use duration information, and cumulative use duration information of the accessory head, and transmits the read and recorded information to the computing unit. The computing unit calculates the remaining life information of the accessory through the built-in accessory life prediction model, and presents the accessory remaining life information to the feedback unit.

[0062] Specifically, the information read by the read-write unit 32 includes real-time data and historical data, wherein the real-time data includes the current use frequency and the single use duration , and the historical data includes the historical cumulative use frequency and the historical cumulative use duration .

[0063] The accessory life prediction model built in the computing unit is a dynamic weighted life prediction model, which has the ability of real-time response and self-adaptive correction. Let the rated life frequency of the accessory be , the rated life time of the accessory be , the current cumulative frequency be , and the current cumulative duration be .

[0064] It should be noted that the current cumulative frequency and the current cumulative duration are both updated in real time after each use of the accessory.

[0065] The formulas for calculating the usage rate U and the remaining life ratio R of the accessory are as follows:

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] wherein is a dynamic weight coefficient, and the value range is 0-1.

[0069] The usage intensity coefficient k is calculated as follows:

[0070]

[0071] The calculation formula of the dynamic weight coefficient is as follows:

[0072]

[0073] wherein e is a natural constant, approximately equal to 2.718.

[0074] Specifically, when k=1, it means that the usage intensity of the accessory is the same as the rated intensity, =0.5;

[0075] When k>1, it means that the attachment use intensity is too high, and the attachment life attenuation is accelerated, >0.5, the time factor weight increases;

[0076] When k<1, it means that the attachment use intensity is too low, and the attachment life attenuation is slow, <0.5, the number of times the weight increases;

[0077] In the high-intensity use scenario of the attachment, the weight of the time factor can be increased; in the low-intensity use scenario, the weight of the number of times can be increased, and through dynamic weight and historical trend correction, the use intensity difference and degradation characteristics can be effectively reflected.

[0078] Through the residual life ratio calculation formula, the residual life ratio R of the attachment can be calculated, and then through the residual life time calculation formula, the residual life time prediction value RUL of the attachment can be calculated, and the residual life time calculation formula is as follows:

[0079]

[0080] In this embodiment, the life state is divided into different levels, which are as follows:

[0081] When the residual life ratio R is greater than or equal to 0.3, the life of the attachment is in a normal state, and the attachment can be normally used, and the machine tool can be normally operated;

[0082] When the residual life ratio R is between 0.1 and 0.3, the life of the attachment is in a warning state, and the attachment is planned to be replaced;

[0083] When the residual life ratio R is between 0.03 and 0.1, the life of the attachment is in a high-risk state, and the attachment is replaced in advance;

[0084] When the residual life ratio R is less than 0.03, the life of the attachment is in a dangerous state, and the machine tool is automatically stopped and an alarm is given.

[0085] By incorporating real-time data and historical data, the evaluation deviation caused by a single data dimension is avoided, the real use process of the attachment can be reflected, and through the use intensity coefficient linkage dynamic weight, the dynamic weight can be adjusted in real time according to the use intensity, the adaptive adjustment of the long-time weight in the high-intensity scenario and the number-of-times weight in the low-intensity scenario is realized, the problem of underestimating the life in the high-intensity scenario and overestimating the life in the low-intensity scenario under the fixed weight is avoided, and the actual law of the attachment degradation is met.

[0086] In this embodiment, the rated life is: =3000h, =50000 times; the history accumulation is: =1200h, =18000 times; the real-time addition is: =2h, Let's take 1 time as an example to illustrate.

[0087] Use the strength coefficient k = (1200 / 18000) / (3000 / 50000) = 1.11;

[0088] Calculated , ≈0.527;

[0089] Current cumulative =1202h, =18001 times, then the usage rate of the attachment U = 0.527 * (18001 / 50000) + 0.473 * (1202 / 3000) ≈ 0.379;

[0090] The remaining lifespan ratio R = 1 - 0.379 = 0.621, so the remaining lifespan time RUL = 0.621 * 3000 = 1863 hours. Since R ≥ 0.3, the accessory is in normal working condition, and the remaining lifespan of the accessory is approximately 1863 hours.

[0091] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An attachment head change monitoring method characterized by, A quick-change device for accessory heads is adopted, the method of which includes: Hydraulic oil flows through the first oil passage (19) to the top of the pull rod (11), pushing the pull rod (11) downward to release the pull claw (13). The slide mechanism (1) moves to the top of the corresponding accessory. The transmission spindle (4) on the accessory is inserted into the connecting hole (5). The first gear plate (6) meshes with the second gear plate (7). The positioning pin (21) is inserted into the corresponding positioning hole (22). After docking is completed, the hydraulic oil flows through the second oil passage (20) to the chamber where the spring (12) is located. The hydraulic oil and the spring (12) work together to push the pull rod (11) upward. At the same time, the hydraulic oil in the top chamber of the pull rod (11) is discharged from the first oil passage (19), thus achieving the locking between the pull claw (13) and the corresponding pull pin (14). During the attachment grabbing process, the read / write unit (32) reads the chip (33) information and transmits the read information to the control system, calculates the remaining lifetime information of the attachment, and presents the remaining lifetime information of the attachment. The information read by the read-write unit (32) includes real-time data and historical data, the real-time data including the current use frequency and the single use duration , and the historical data including the historical cumulative use frequency and the historical cumulative use duration ; The control system is preset with an accessory rated life number of times and an accessory rated life time , and the current cumulative number of times is updated in real time after each use of the accessory: ; the current cumulative duration: ; The control system calculates the usage rate U and remaining life ratio R of the accessory based on the read, preset and real-time updated data, and calculates the remaining life time of the accessory based on the remaining life ratio R. The formulas for calculating utilization rate U and remaining life ratio R are as follows: in, These are dynamic weighting coefficients; Where e is the natural constant and k is the strength coefficient used; The formula for calculating remaining lifespan is: ； The attachment head quick change device includes: a slide mechanism (1), a connecting body (2) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the slide mechanism (1), a number of attachment gripping mechanisms (8) are provided on the connecting body (2) along the circumferential direction, and a connecting hole (5) is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the slide mechanism (1), the connecting hole (5) is used to connect with the drive shaft (4) of the attachment. The attachment gripping mechanism (8) includes a pull rod (11), and a mounting cavity is provided on the connecting body (2). The pull rod (11) is vertically slidably disposed in the mounting cavity. A spring (12) is sleeved on the upper half of the pull rod (11). Several claws (13) are movably connected to the outer side of the lower half of the pull rod (11) along the circumferential direction. The top of the mounting cavity is connected to a first oil passage (19) so that hydraulic oil can be used to push the pull rod (11) downward to compress the spring (12) and release the claws (13). The side of the mounting cavity is connected to a second oil passage (20) so that hydraulic oil can be used in conjunction with the spring (12) to push the pull rod (11) upward and lock the claws (13). The claws (13) are used to grip the pull studs (14) on the top of the attachment.

2. The accessory head replacement monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first limiting block (15) and the second limiting block (16) are fixedly installed in the mounting cavity of the connecting body (2). The first limiting block (15) is located below the spring (12), and the second limiting block (16) is located below the first limiting block (15). The first limiting block (15) and the second limiting block (16) form a limiting cavity (18). The third limiting block (17) is fixedly installed on the pull rod (11). The third limiting block (17) is slidably disposed in the limiting cavity (18).

3. The accessory head replacement monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that, O-rings are provided between the first limiting block (15) and the mounting cavity of the connecting body (2) and between the first limiting block (15) and the pull rod (11).

4. The accessory head replacement monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the connecting body (2) is fixedly provided with a first gear plate (6), the accessory head (3) is fixedly connected to the transmission main shaft (4), the transmission main shaft (4) is rotatably set in the base (34), the top of the base (34) is fixedly provided with several pull studs (14) at intervals along the circumference, the top of the base (34) is fixedly installed with a second gear plate (7), the bottom of the connecting body (2) is provided with several positioning holes (22) at intervals along the circumference, and the top of the base (34) is fixedly installed with several positioning pins (21) at intervals along the circumference.

5. The accessory head replacement monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connector (2) is connected to the accessory via several electrical plug-in mechanisms (9) and quick-connect plug-in mechanisms (10). The electrical plug-in mechanism (9) includes an electrical plug male end (23) and an electrical plug female end (24). The electrical plug male end (23) is fixedly installed on the base (34) via a first plug socket (27) and a second plug socket (28). The electrical plug male end (23) is sandwiched between the first plug socket (27) and the second plug socket (28). There is a gap between the electrical plug male end (23) and the first plug socket (27) and the second plug socket (28). The electrical plug female end (24) is fixedly installed on the connector (2) via a third plug socket (35).

6. The accessory head replacement monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that, A chip (33) is fixedly installed on the top of the base (34), and a read / write unit (32) is installed on the bottom of the connector (2). The read / write unit (32) is connected to the control system.

7. The accessory head replacement monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the remaining life ratio R ≥ 0.3, the accessory life is in normal condition and the machine tool is operating normally; When the remaining service life ratio is 0.1≤R≤0.3, the accessory life is in a warning state, and it is planned to replace the accessory. When the remaining service life ratio is 0.03≤R≤0.1, the accessory life is in a high-risk state, and the accessory should be replaced in advance. When the remaining lifespan ratio R < 0.03, the accessory lifespan is in a dangerous state, and the machine will automatically shut down and alarm.

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