Segmented hydraulic hole-making screen pipe running device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of segmented hydraulic pore-making screen pipe penetrating device and method, belong to hydraulic pore-making construction technical field;Penetrating device includes shell, high-pressure jet orifice is slidably arranged in the shell interior, a fixed coil wheel and a rotatable water wheel are arranged in the middle of the outer wall of shell, a coil and a circle of electrode sheet are arranged on coil wheel, a circle of fan blade and a circle of permanent magnet are arranged on water wheel, high-pressure jet orifice is arranged at water wheel in shell, first spring, first sphere, second spring, extruder are sequentially arranged from front to back in high-pressure jet orifice, high-pressure jet orifice is provided with water passage at first spring, disengageable clamping mechanism is arranged between the outer wall of high-pressure jet orifice and the inner wall of shell, when high-pressure jet orifice is clamped with shell, water passage corresponds with high-pressure jet orifice;It solves the problem that the current hydraulic pore-making construction process needs drill rod to go in and out of borehole multiple times, leading to low efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydraulic cavity-making construction technology, specifically relating to a segmented hydraulic cavity-making screen tube insertion device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining, gas control is a crucial aspect of ensuring safe production. Taking the Lu'an mining area in Shanxi Province as an example, it faces prominent problems such as high coal seam gas content, soft coal quality, poor permeability, drastic changes in occurrence, difficulty in drilling, and poor gas pre-drainage. Currently, some coal mines use hydraulic cavity drilling technology to improve gas extraction efficiency. However, existing hydraulic cavity drilling construction techniques have significant flaws. When constructing long directional hydraulic cavity drilling holes in coal seams, it is necessary to first drill a directional hole, then withdraw the drill and replace it with a high-pressure nozzle to perform segmented hydraulic cavity drilling, then withdraw the drill again to replace the borehole protection drill rod, and then lower the screen pipe to the bottom of the hole before finally withdrawing the drill to seal the hole and complete the construction. The entire process involves the drill rod entering and exiting the borehole three times. The latter two drill rod movements after hole formation not only consume a lot of time but also fail to generate practical benefits, resulting in low production efficiency and increased construction costs. Meanwhile, existing permeability enhancement technologies for soft coal seams also face many problems in application. For example, when using hydraulic technology, boreholes are prone to collapse, leading to safety hazards such as drill bit jamming, blowouts, and excessive gas levels. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and proposes a segmented hydraulic hole-making screen pipe insertion device and method; it solves the problem of low efficiency caused by the need for the drill rod to enter and exit the hole multiple times in the current hydraulic hole-making construction process.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution.

[0005] A segmented hydraulic perforation screen tube insertion device includes a housing, a high-pressure nozzle slidably disposed inside the housing, a fixed coil wheel and a rotatable water wheel disposed in the middle of the outer wall of the housing, the coil wheel being provided with a coil and an electrode plate, the water wheel being provided with a fan blade and a permanent magnet, the housing being provided with a high-pressure nozzle at the water wheel, and a first spring, a first ball, a second spring and a pressure outlet being arranged sequentially from front to back inside the high-pressure nozzle, the high-pressure nozzle being provided with a water passage hole at the first spring, and a detachable snap-fit ​​mechanism being provided between the outer wall of the high-pressure nozzle and the inner wall of the housing, the water passage hole corresponding to the high-pressure nozzle when the high-pressure nozzle is snapped into the housing.

[0006] Furthermore, an external thread for connecting to the drill bit is provided at the front end of the housing, and an internal thread for connecting to the drill rod is provided at the rear end of the housing; a concave first annular groove is provided in the middle of the outer wall of the housing, and the coil wheel and the water wheel are provided inside the first annular groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the water wheel also includes two first rings, both of which are rotatably fitted into the first annular groove, and a ring of fan blades is fixedly arranged between the two first rings; a ring of permanent magnets is fixedly arranged on the first ring near the coil wheel; the high-pressure nozzle is arranged in the first annular groove of the outer shell, and a high-pressure nozzle is fixedly arranged inside the high-pressure nozzle.

[0008] Furthermore, the coil wheel also includes two coaxial second rings, both of which are fixedly fitted into the first annular groove; a coil is fixedly arranged between the two second rings; and an electrode plate is fixedly arranged next to each coil, with the electrode plate and the corresponding coil forming a closed circuit.

[0009] Furthermore, the high-pressure nozzle is a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends, and the outer wall of the high-pressure nozzle maintains sliding contact with the inner wall of the outer shell. Inside the high-pressure nozzle, from front to back, there are a first diameter segment, a second diameter segment, a third diameter segment, a fourth diameter segment, and a fifth diameter segment with gradually increasing inner diameters. The second diameter segment contains a first spring, the third diameter segment contains a first sphere, the fourth diameter segment contains a second spring, and the fifth diameter segment contains a pressure ejector. A second annular groove is also provided on the outer wall of the high-pressure nozzle, located outside the third diameter segment, and the water passage is located at the second annular groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the front end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the front inner wall of the second diameter segment, and the rear end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the first ball; the front end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the front inner wall of the fourth diameter segment, and the rear end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the front face of the extruder.

[0011] Furthermore, the extruder is a cylindrical structure with openings at both the front and rear ends. The outer wall of the extruder maintains sliding contact with the inner wall of the fifth diameter segment, and a positioning release groove is provided in the middle of the outer wall of the extruder.

[0012] Furthermore, the snap-fit ​​mechanism includes a positioning steel ball; a snap-fit ​​groove is provided on the inner wall of the outer shell, the snap-fit ​​groove being located behind the first annular groove; and a fixing groove with internal and external communication is provided on the side wall of the fifth diameter section of the high-pressure nozzle, with the positioning steel ball disposed inside the fixing groove.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a second sphere that can enter from the rear opening of the outer shell until it abuts against the rear opening of the extruder.

[0014] A method for inserting segmented hydraulic perforation screens includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: In the initial stage of coal and rock drilling, the high-pressure nozzle is engaged with the outer casing via a snap-fit ​​mechanism. The drilling equipment drives the drill rod, insertion device, and drill bit to drill synchronously, while water is simultaneously introduced into the drill rod. The water flows directly through the insertion device and out to the inside of the drill bit. At this time, conventional fluid erosion and mechanical drilling operations are performed. As the water pressure increases, the first spring reaches its maximum compression, sealing the front outlet of the high-pressure nozzle. The water flow introduced from the rear opening of the outer casing can only be output from the water passage, spraying outward through a ring of high-pressure nozzles and impacting the fan blades, causing the water wheel to start rotating. The sprayed water flow begins to create a cavity. The water wheel drives the fan blades to rotate synchronously, and the fan blades drive the permanent magnet to rotate, causing the permanent magnet to change continuously relative to the fixed coil. This causes the magnetic flux in the coil to change periodically. The change in magnetic flux induces an alternating electromotive force in the coil. When the coil and the electrode plate form a closed circuit, the alternating electromotive force drives the current to flow in the coil and the electrode plate, thereby generating electrical pulse energy and performing high-voltage pulse discharge in the saturated coal and water reservoir.

[0016] Step two: During the hole-making process, the enlargement and shaping of the hole are precisely achieved by controlling the water pressure and the frequency and intensity of the electrical pulse discharge.

[0017] Step 3: After the hole-making operation is completed, the preparation work before lowering the screen tube begins. The operator inserts the second ball from the rear opening of the outer shell. Under the continuous impact of the water flow, the second ball moves forward to the rear opening of the extruder and closes the rear opening of the extruder, thereby preventing the water flow from passing through the extruder and the high-pressure nozzle. As the water flow cannot pass through, the water pressure gradually increases, causing the locking mechanism to disengage. Under the continuous push of the water flow, the high-pressure nozzle, the extruder, and the second ball slide forward inside the outer shell until they slide out from the front opening of the outer shell, creating the necessary channel conditions for the smooth lowering of the screen tube.

[0018] Step four, finally, proceed with the screen tube installation.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0020] (1) Enhanced Drilling Stability: Traditional construction processes require multiple drill rod insertions and removals, and the hydraulic cavity-making process can cause problems such as borehole wall disturbance, mechanical damage, and the risk of borehole wall collapse, thus affecting the stability and integrity of the borehole. This invention uses an outer shell as the basic structure, with a high-pressure nozzle integrated inside. This allows the nozzle to pass directly through the outer shell and smoothly lower the screen pipe into the hole after the segmented hydraulic cavity-making operation is completed. This effectively reduces the disturbance to the borehole during the drilling process, thereby ensuring the integrity and stability of the borehole.

[0021] (2) Reduced construction time: Traditional processes involve multiple drill rod insertions and removals from the borehole, repetitive downhole operations, equipment adjustments and debugging, and potential borehole-related problems, resulting in excessively long operation times. The latter two drill rod insertions and removals not only lack direct production benefits but also significantly increase construction time, becoming a key factor restricting production efficiency. This invention can significantly reduce the number of drill rod insertions, substantially saving the time required to complete the borehole, thereby improving the overall construction efficiency of long directional hydraulic cavity drilling in this coal seam.

[0022] (3) This invention integrates mechanical and electrical pulse technologies, achieving a qualitative leap from passive fracturing to active embrittlement. The non-contact energy output of the electrical pulse not only avoids wear caused by direct mechanical collision between the drill bit and the rock, greatly extending the drill bit's lifespan, but also demonstrates efficiency and safety unmatched by traditional mechanical drilling under harsh geological conditions, such as hard rock, highly abrasive or gas-outburst formations. The shock wave formed by the electrohydraulic effect can effectively fracture and soften coal and rock, significantly increasing drilling speed and reducing the cost of drilling a single hole. In addition, the pretreatment of the coal and rock structure by the electrical pulse also provides favorable conditions for subsequent gas extraction and water production, making the entire drilling operation process more efficient, intelligent and environmentally friendly. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the insertion device;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the insertion device;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA section view in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water turbine structure;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the coil wheel structure;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell structure;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure nozzle;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of a high-pressure nozzle;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the extruder structure;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the snap-fit ​​mechanism when it is disengaged from the snap-fit ​​state;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-pressure nozzle, the ejector, and the second ball sliding outward from the front opening of the outer shell;

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the screen tube is lowered;

[0037] Among them, 1 is the outer shell, 2 is the high-pressure nozzle, 3 is the coil wheel, 4 is the water wheel, 5 is the coil, 6 is the fan blade, 7 is the high-pressure nozzle, 8 is the first spring, 9 is the first sphere, 10 is the second spring, 11 is the extruder, 12 is the water passage hole, 13 is the external thread, 14 is the internal thread, 15 is the first annular groove, 16 is the first ring, 17 is the second ring, 18 is the first diameter segment, 19 is the second diameter segment, 20 is the third diameter segment, 21 is the fourth diameter segment, 22 is the fifth diameter segment, 23 is the first sealing ring, 24 is the positioning release groove, 25 is the second sealing ring, 26 is the second annular groove, 27 is the snap-fit ​​groove, 28 is the fixing groove, 29 is the positioning steel ball, 30 is the second sphere, and 31 is the screen tube. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solutions of this invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 10, the present invention provides a segmented hydraulic perforation screen tube insertion device, including a housing 1. A high-pressure nozzle 2 is slidably disposed inside the housing 1. A fixed coil wheel 3 and a rotatable water wheel 4 are disposed in the middle of the outer wall of the housing 1. A coil 5 and an electrode plate are disposed on the coil wheel 3. A fan blade 6 and a permanent magnet are disposed on the water wheel 4. A high-pressure nozzle 7 is disposed at the water wheel 4 in the housing 1. A first spring 8, a first ball 9, a second spring 10, and a pressurizer 11 are disposed sequentially from front to back inside the high-pressure nozzle 2. A water passage hole 12 is disposed at the first spring 8 in the high-pressure nozzle 2. A detachable snap-fit ​​mechanism is disposed between the outer wall of the high-pressure nozzle 2 and the inner wall of the housing 1. When the high-pressure nozzle 2 is snapped with the housing 1, the water passage hole 12 corresponds to the high-pressure nozzle 7.

[0040] The outer casing 1 is a cylindrical structure with openings at both the front and rear ends. An external thread 13 for connecting to a drill bit is provided at the front end of the outer casing 1, and an internal thread 14 for connecting to a drill rod is provided at the rear end of the outer casing 1. A recessed first annular groove 15 is provided in the middle of the outer wall of the outer casing 1, and the coil wheel 3 and the water wheel 4 are disposed inside the first annular groove 15.

[0041] The water turbine 4 also includes two coaxial first rings 16, both of which are rotatably fitted into the first annular groove 15. The inner cylindrical surface of the first ring 16 contacts the cylindrical inner wall of the first annular groove 15. A fan blade 6 is fixedly arranged between the two first rings 16. The high-pressure nozzle 7 is located in the first annular groove 15 of the outer casing 1. A high-pressure nozzle is fixedly arranged inside the high-pressure nozzle 7, and the spray direction of the high-pressure nozzle is towards the fan blade 6. When water flows outward through the high-pressure nozzle, it impacts the fan blade 6, causing the fan blade 6 to drive the two first rings 16 to rotate around the first annular groove 15. A permanent magnet is fixedly arranged on the first ring 16 near the coil wheel 3 to form a fixed magnetic field.

[0042] The coil wheel 3 also includes two coaxial second rings 17, both of which are fixedly fitted into the first annular groove 15. A coil 5 is fixedly arranged between the two second rings 17, with each coil 5 corresponding to a permanent magnet. An electrode plate is fixedly arranged next to each coil 5, forming a closed circuit with the corresponding coil 5.

[0043] The high-pressure nozzle 2 is a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends. The outer wall of the high-pressure nozzle 2 maintains sliding contact with the inner wall of the outer casing 1. Inside the high-pressure nozzle 2, from front to back, there are sequentially arranged a first diameter segment 18, a second diameter segment 19, a third diameter segment 20, a fourth diameter segment 21, and a fifth diameter segment 22, with gradually increasing inner diameters. A first spring 8 is installed inside the second diameter segment 19, a first sphere 9 is installed inside the third diameter segment 20, a second spring 10 is installed inside the fourth diameter segment 21, and a pressurizer 11 is installed inside the fifth diameter segment 22. The front end of the first spring 8 is fixedly connected to the front inner wall of the second diameter segment 19, and the rear end of the first spring 8 is fixedly connected to the first sphere 9. When the first sphere 9 is not subjected to external force, under the restoring force of the first spring 8, the first sphere 9 is located at the junction of the third diameter segment 20 and the fourth diameter segment 21. The front end of the second spring 10 is fixedly connected to the front inner wall of the fourth diameter section 21, and the rear end of the second spring 10 is fixedly connected to the front end face of the extruder 11.

[0044] The extruder 11 is a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends. The outer wall of the extruder 11 maintains sliding contact with the inner wall of the fifth diameter segment 22. A first sealing ring 23 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the extruder 11 to ensure the seal between the outer wall of the extruder 11 and the inner wall of the fifth diameter segment 22. A concave annular positioning and release groove 24 is provided in the middle of the outer wall of the extruder 11. The front inner wall of the positioning and release groove 24 is a conical structure with a wider front and a narrower rear. The inner side of the rear opening of the extruder 11 is also a conical structure with a narrower front and a wider rear.

[0045] Two second sealing rings 25 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the high-pressure nozzle 2 to ensure the sealing between the outer wall of the high-pressure nozzle 2 and the inner wall of the outer casing 1. A concave second annular groove 26 is also provided on the outer wall of the high-pressure nozzle 2. The second annular groove 26 is located between the two second sealing rings 25 and is located outside the third diameter section 20. The water passage 12 is located at the second annular groove 26.

[0046] When the first sphere 9 is not subjected to a forward external force or the forward external force is small, the first spring 8 is not compressed or the compression degree is small, and the first sphere 9 maintains a distance from the rear end opening of the second diameter section 19. At this time, the water flow input from the rear end opening of the outer shell 1 can bypass the first sphere 9 and be output from the front end opening of the high pressure nozzle 2.

[0047] When the first ball 9 is subjected to a large forward external force, the first spring 8 reaches its maximum compression degree, and the first ball 9 abuts against the rear end opening of the second diameter section 19, thereby closing the rear end opening of the second diameter section 19. At this time, the water flow input from the rear end opening of the outer shell 1 can only be output from the water passage 12 to the second annular groove 26 outside the high pressure nozzle 2. The water flow inside the second annular groove 26 is sprayed outward through a ring of high pressure nozzles to impact the fan blade 6, causing the water wheel 4 to start rotating.

[0048] The locking mechanism includes a positioning steel ball 29. A locking groove 27 is provided on the inner wall of the outer casing 1, located behind the first annular groove 15. A fixing groove 28 with internal and external communication is provided on the side wall of the fifth diameter section 22 of the high-pressure nozzle 2, and the positioning steel ball 29 is disposed inside the fixing groove 28.

[0049] When the ejector 11 is not subjected to a forward external force or the forward external force is small, the second spring 10 is not compressed or the compression degree is small, and a distance is maintained between the front end face of the ejector 11 and the front inner wall of the fifth diameter section 22. At this time, the outer wall of the front end of the ejector 11 corresponds to the fixing groove 28 on the high-pressure nozzle 2, thereby pushing the positioning steel ball 29 inside the fixing groove 28 outward, so that the positioning steel ball 29 is engaged with the snap-fit ​​groove 27, thereby making the high-pressure nozzle 2 and the outer shell 1 in a snap-fit ​​state. At this time, the water passage 12 corresponds to the high-pressure nozzle 7.

[0050] When the extruder 11 is subjected to a large forward external force, the second spring 10 reaches its maximum compression. The extruder 11 slides forward inside the fifth diameter section 22, so that the positioning release groove 24 on the outer wall of the extruder 11 corresponds to the fixing groove 28 on the high-pressure nozzle 2. The positioning steel ball 29 inside the fixing groove 28 retracts into the positioning release groove 24. The positioning steel ball 29 and the locking groove 27 will no longer be locked. The high-pressure nozzle 2 is disengaged from the outer shell 1. The external force applied to the extruder 11 can push the high-pressure nozzle 2 to slide forward inside the outer shell 1.

[0051] The insertion device also includes a second ball 30, which can enter from the rear opening of the housing 1 until it abuts against the rear opening of the extruder 11. The outer diameter of the second ball 30 is larger than the inner diameter of the rear opening of the extruder 11.

[0052] The present invention also provides a method for inserting segmented hydraulic perforation screens, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Electrical pulse pretreatment and initial drilling stage

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, in the initial stage of coal and rock drilling, the high-pressure nozzle 2 and the outer shell 1 are engaged by a snap-fit ​​mechanism. The drilling equipment drives the drill rod, the insertion device, and the drill bit to drill synchronously. At the same time, water is input into the drill rod and enters the insertion device. At this time, the water pressure is relatively low, the first spring 8 has not reached its maximum compression, and the first ball 9 and the rear end opening of the second diameter section 19 maintain a distance. The water flows around the first ball 9 and is ejected from the front end opening of the high-pressure nozzle 2. At this time, the water flows directly through the insertion device and is output into the drill bit. At this time, conventional fluid erosion and mechanical drilling operations are performed.

[0055] As the water pressure increases, the first sphere 9 experiences a greater forward force, and the first spring 8 reaches its maximum compression. The first sphere 9 abuts against the rear end opening of the second diameter section 19, sealing the rear end opening of the second diameter section 19, thereby sealing the front end outlet of the high-pressure nozzle 2. At this time, the water flow input from the rear end opening of the outer casing 1 can only be output from the water passage 12 to the second annular groove 26 outside the high-pressure nozzle 2. The water flow inside the second annular groove 26 is ejected outward through the high-pressure nozzles inside a ring of high-pressure nozzles 7 and impacts the fan blades 6, causing the water wheel 4 to start rotating, and the ejected water flow begins to create a cavity.

[0056] The water turbine 4 drives the fan blades 6 to rotate synchronously. The fan blades 6 then drive the permanent magnet to rotate, causing the permanent magnet to continuously change relative to the fixed coil 5, thus resulting in a periodic change in the magnetic flux within the coil 5. This change in magnetic flux induces an alternating electromotive force (EMF) in the coil 5. When the coil 5 and the electrode plates form a closed circuit, the EMF drives a current to flow through the coil 5 and the electrode plates, generating electrical pulse energy. This energy is used for high-voltage pulse discharge in the saturated coal-water reservoir. The faster the fan blades 6 rotate, the higher the frequency and intensity of cutting the magnetic field lines, and the greater the induced high voltage generated.

[0057] Based on the principle of the difference in dynamic breakdown field strength between liquid and solid media, this pulsed discharge utilizes its core three-stage working principle.

[0058] 1. Initial partial discharge formation stage: Pulsed high voltage triggers partial discharge at local defects or gaps inside coal and rock, relying on the generation of electrons on the electrode surface to quickly establish the initial discharge channel.

[0059] 2. Development of discharge channel connection stage: With the continuous accumulation and release of energy, the partial discharge channels are rapidly connected to form a high-energy-density arc discharge channel, which greatly shortens the effective discharge path and enhances energy focusing.

[0060] 3. Rock Fracturing Stage: As the pulse voltage continuously increases, the discharge channel rapidly expands within the coal and rock, generating a powerful electrohydraulic effect that efficiently converts high-power electromagnetic energy into shock wave energy. These shock waves act on the coal seam in a non-contact manner, producing a powerful impact and fatigue embrittlement effect on the coal and rock structure, effectively promoting coal and rock fracturing and microcrack propagation.

[0061] Step Two: Synergistic Enhancement Stage of Hole Creation and Electrical Pulse

[0062] During the cavity-making process, the enlargement and shaping of the orifices can be precisely achieved by controlling the water pressure and the frequency and intensity of the electric pulse discharge. The synergistic effect of the electric pulse can further optimize the geometry of the cavity and form more microcracks on the cavity wall, creating better conditions for the smooth insertion of the subsequent screen tube 31, while improving the pretreatment effect on the orifice wall.

[0063] Step 3: Preparation and Decoupling Stage of Lower Screen Tube 31

[0064] like Figure 11 As shown, after the hole-making operation is completed, the preparatory work before entering the lower screen tube 31 is carried out. The operator inserts the second ball 30 from the rear opening of the outer shell 1. Under the continuous impact of the water flow, the second ball 30 moves forward to the rear opening of the extruder 11 and closes the rear opening of the extruder 11, thereby preventing the water flow from passing through the extruder 11 and the high-pressure nozzle 2. As the water flow cannot pass through, the water pressure gradually increases. The increased water pressure pushes the extruder 11 to slide forward inside the fifth diameter section 22. The second spring 10 reaches its maximum compression, so that the positioning release groove 24 on the outer wall of the extruder 11 corresponds to the fixing groove 28 on the high-pressure nozzle 2. The positioning steel ball 29 inside the fixing groove 28 retracts into the positioning release groove 24. The positioning steel ball 29 and the locking groove 27 will no longer be locked, and the locking mechanism is disengaged. Figure 12 As shown, under the continuous push of the water flow, the high-pressure nozzle 2, the ejector 11, and the second ball 30 slide forward inside the outer shell 1 until they slide out from the front opening of the outer shell 1, creating the necessary channel conditions for the smooth insertion of the screen tube 31.

[0065] Step 4: Lowering of sieve tube 31

[0066] like Figure 13 As shown, the final step is to lower the screen tube 31. First, the operator moves the high-pressure nozzle 2, the ejector 11, and the second ball 30 along the path of the drill rod, and then precisely sends the screen tube 31 to the bottom of the hole, completing the integrated operation process of drilling, hole making, and lowering the screen tube 31.

[0067] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A segmented hydraulic perforation screen tube insertion device, characterized in that: The device includes an outer shell (1), a high-pressure nozzle (2) is slidably arranged inside the outer shell (1), a fixed coil wheel (3) and a rotatable water wheel (4) are arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the outer shell (1), a coil (5) and an electrode plate are arranged on the coil wheel (3), a fan blade (6) and a permanent magnet are arranged on the water wheel (4), a high-pressure nozzle (7) is arranged at the water wheel (4) of the outer shell (1), a first spring (8), a first ball (9), a second spring (10) and a pressurizer (11) are arranged in sequence from front to back inside the high-pressure nozzle (2), a water passage hole (12) is arranged at the first spring (8), and a detachable snap-fit ​​mechanism is arranged between the outer wall of the high-pressure nozzle (2) and the inner wall of the outer shell (1). When the high-pressure nozzle (2) is snapped with the outer shell (1), the water passage hole (12) corresponds to the high-pressure nozzle (7). A concave first annular groove (15) is provided in the middle of the outer wall of the outer shell (1). The coil wheel (3) and the water wheel (4) are provided inside the first annular groove (15). The water wheel (4) also includes two first rings (16), which are rotatably sleeved in the first annular groove (15). A fan blade (6) is fixedly arranged between the two first rings (16). A permanent magnet is fixedly arranged on the first ring (16) near the coil wheel (3). The high-pressure nozzle (7) is provided in the first annular groove (15) of the outer shell (1). A high-pressure nozzle is fixedly arranged inside the high-pressure nozzle (7). The coil wheel (3) also includes two coaxial second rings (17), which are fixedly sleeved in the first annular groove (15). A coil (5) is fixedly arranged between the two second rings (17). An electrode plate is fixedly arranged next to each coil (5). The electrode plate and the corresponding coil (5) form a closed circuit. The high-pressure nozzle (2) is a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends. The outer wall of the high-pressure nozzle (2) maintains sliding contact with the inner wall of the outer shell (1). Inside the high-pressure nozzle (2), from front to back, there are a first diameter section (18), a second diameter section (19), a third diameter section (20), a fourth diameter section (21), and a fifth diameter section (22) with gradually increasing inner diameters. The second diameter section (19) contains a first spring (8), the third diameter section (20) contains a first sphere (9), the fourth diameter section (21) contains a second spring (10), and the fifth diameter section (22) contains a pressure extruder (11). A second annular groove (26) is also provided on the outer wall of the high-pressure nozzle (2). The second annular groove (26) is located outside the third diameter section (20), and the water passage hole (12) is located at the second annular groove (26). The front end of the first spring (8) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the front side of the second diameter segment (19), and the rear end of the first spring (8) is fixedly connected to the first ball (9); the front end of the second spring (10) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the front side of the fourth diameter segment (21), and the rear end of the second spring (10) is fixedly connected to the front end of the extruder (11). The extruder (11) is a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends. The outer wall of the extruder (11) maintains sliding contact with the inner wall of the fifth diameter segment (22). A positioning release groove (24) is provided in the middle of the outer wall of the extruder (11). The snap-fit ​​mechanism includes a positioning steel ball (29); a snap-fit ​​groove (27) is provided on the inner wall of the outer shell (1), the snap-fit ​​groove (27) is located on the rear side of the first annular groove (15); a fixed groove (28) with internal and external communication is provided on the side wall of the fifth diameter section (22) of the high-pressure nozzle (2), and a positioning steel ball (29) is provided inside the fixed groove (28). It also includes a second sphere (30) that can enter from the rear opening of the housing (1) until it comes into contact with the rear opening of the extruder (11); Water is ejected outward through a ring of high-pressure nozzles (7) and impacts the fan blades (6), causing the water wheel (4) to start rotating and the ejected water to begin creating a cavity. The water wheel (4) drives the fan blades (6) to rotate synchronously, and the fan blades (6) drive the permanent magnet to rotate, causing the permanent magnet to change continuously relative to the fixed coil (5), thereby causing the magnetic flux in the coil (5) to change periodically. The change in magnetic flux induces an alternating electromotive force in the coil (5). When the coil (5) and the electrode plate form a closed circuit, the alternating electromotive force drives the current to flow in the coil (5) and the electrode plate, thereby generating electrical pulse energy and performing high-voltage pulse discharge in the saturated coal-water reservoir. The high-voltage pulse triggers local discharge at local defects or gaps inside the coal and rock, establishing an initial discharge channel. As energy continues to accumulate and release, the local discharge channels are rapidly connected, forming a high-energy-density arc discharge channel. As the pulse voltage increases, the discharge channel expands rapidly within the coal and rock, generating a hydroelectric effect that converts electromagnetic energy into shock wave energy. The shock wave acts on the coal seam in a non-contact manner, impacting the coal and rock structure and causing fatigue embrittlement, thus promoting coal and rock fragmentation and microcrack propagation.

2. The segmented hydraulic perforation screen tube insertion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the housing (1) is provided with an external thread (13) for connecting with the drill bit, and the rear end of the housing (1) is provided with an internal thread (14) for connecting with the drill rod.

3. A method for inserting segmented hydraulic perforation screens, using the segmented hydraulic perforation screen inserting device described in claim 1, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step 1: In the initial stage of coal and rock drilling, the high-pressure nozzle (2) and the outer shell (1) are engaged by a clamping mechanism. The drilling equipment drives the drill rod, the insertion device, and the drill bit to drill synchronously. At the same time, water is input into the drill rod. The water flows directly through the insertion device and outputs to the inside of the drill bit. At this time, conventional fluid erosion and mechanical drilling operations are performed. As the water pressure increases, the first spring (8) reaches its maximum compression, sealing the front outlet of the high-pressure nozzle (2). The water input from the rear opening of the outer shell (1) can only be output from the water passage (12) and sprayed outward through a ring of high-pressure nozzles (7). The impact of the fan blades (6) causes the water wheel (4) to start rotating, and the sprayed water begins to create a cavity. The water wheel (4) drives the fan blades (6) to rotate synchronously, and the fan blades (6) drive the permanent magnet to rotate, causing the permanent magnet to change continuously relative to the fixed coil (5), thereby causing the magnetic flux in the coil (5) to change periodically. The change in magnetic flux induces an alternating electromotive force in the coil (5). When the coil (5) and the electrode plate form a closed circuit, the alternating electromotive force drives the current to flow in the coil (5) and the electrode plate, thereby generating electrical pulse energy and performing high-voltage pulse discharge in the saturated coal-water reservoir. Step two: During the hole-making process, the enlargement and shaping of the hole are precisely achieved by controlling the water pressure and the frequency and intensity of the electrical pulse discharge. Step 3: After the hole-making operation is completed, the preparation work before lowering the screen tube (31) is carried out. The operator puts the second ball (30) into the rear opening of the shell (1). Under the continuous impact of the water flow, the second ball (30) moves forward to the rear opening of the pressurizer (11) and closes the rear opening of the pressurizer (11), thereby preventing the water flow from passing through the pressurizer (11) and the high-pressure nozzle (2). As the water flow cannot pass through, the water pressure gradually increases, thereby causing the locking mechanism to disengage. Under the continuous push of the water flow, the high-pressure nozzle (2), the pressurizer (11), and the second ball (30) slide forward inside the shell (1) until they slide out from the front opening of the shell (1), creating the necessary channel conditions for the smooth lowering of the screen tube (31). Step four, finally, perform the screen tube (31) operation.

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