Four-cabin system suitable for combined micro-tunnel construction equipment and tool changing method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a four-cabin system suitable for combined micro-tunnel construction equipment and a cutter changing method, the four-cabin system is integrated on the first micro-tunnel construction equipment and the second micro-tunnel construction equipment arranged in parallel, and the cutter head driving system of the first micro-tunnel construction equipment and the second micro-tunnel construction equipment has an axial telescopic function; the four-cabin system comprises a left cabin, a right cabin, a front cabin and a rear cabin; the front end of the front cabin extends beyond the position of the cutter head of the first micro-tunnel construction equipment and the second micro-tunnel construction equipment. After the cutter head driving system is retracted, a cutter changing space is formed for the cutter changing operation of the construction personnel, the working environment is improved and the working efficiency is further improved, and the technical problem of difficult cutter changing in the tunneling process of the existing micro-tunnel construction equipment is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically to a four-compartment system and cutterhead replacement method suitable for combined micro-tunnel construction equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Due to their small diameter, the cutterhead replacement problem has always been a common challenge in the industry for small-diameter tunnel boring machines (TBMs) and pipe jacking machines. On the one hand, it is impossible to set up an independent personnel compartment system, or only a smaller personnel compartment can be used. Due to space limitations, it is very difficult for operators to enter and exit, and it is also difficult for operators to operate during the cutterhead replacement operation. As a result, the cutterhead replacement problem during tunneling is difficult to solve effectively, and there is still no effective solution, which greatly restricts the single tunneling distance of TBMs and pipe jacking equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a four-compartment system and cutterhead replacement method suitable for combined micro-tunneling equipment, so as to solve the technical problem of difficult cutterhead replacement during the tunneling process of existing micro-tunneling equipment. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0004] This invention provides a four-compartment system suitable for combined microtunneling equipment, integrated into a first microtunneling equipment and a second microtunneling equipment arranged in parallel, wherein the cutterhead drive system of the first and second microtunneling equipment has axial telescopic function; the four-compartment system includes a left compartment, a right compartment, a front compartment, and a rear compartment; the left compartment is located inside the shield of the first microtunneling equipment, the right compartment is located inside the shield of the second microtunneling equipment, the rear compartment is connected between the left and right compartments, and the front compartment is connected to the front end of the rear compartment; the front end of the front compartment extends beyond the cutterhead position of the first and second microtunneling equipment; the left compartment, the right compartment, the front compartment, and the rear compartment are all provided with door assemblies for airtight isolation and valves for regulating the air pressure inside the compartments.

[0005] A further improvement of the present invention to the four-compartment system of the combined micro-tunneling equipment is that the door assembly of the left compartment includes a first door and a second door, the first door isolating the left compartment from the interior of the first micro-tunneling equipment, and the second door isolating the left compartment from the rear compartment.

[0006] A further improvement of the present invention to the four-compartment system of the combined micro-tunneling equipment is that the door assembly of the right compartment includes a fourth door of the third door, the third door isolating the right compartment from the interior of the second micro-tunneling equipment, and the fourth door isolating the right compartment from the rear compartment.

[0007] A further improvement of the present invention to the four-compartment system of the combined micro-tunneling equipment is that the door assembly of the rear compartment includes a fifth door and a sixth door, the fifth door isolating the rear compartment from the external environment, and the sixth door isolating the rear compartment from the front compartment.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention to the four-compartment system of the combined micro-tunneling equipment is that the door assembly of the front compartment includes a seventh door, a left door and a right door. The seventh door is isolated from the front compartment and the rear compartment and cooperates with the sixth door. The left door and the right door are both isolated from the front compartment and the external environment and are located at the front of the front compartment.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention to the four-compartment system of combined micro-tunnel construction equipment is that the two sides of the rear compartment are connected to the left compartment and the right compartment, and the two sides of the front compartment are provided with gaps between the left compartment and the right compartment.

[0010] The present invention also provides a cutter replacement method using a four-compartment system suitable for combined micro-tunneling equipment as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0011] When the first micro-tunnel construction equipment is changing cutterheads, the cutterhead drive system of the first micro-tunnel construction equipment retracts, so that a cutterhead changing area is formed between the cutterhead of the first micro-tunnel construction equipment and the tunnel face.

[0012] Construction workers entered the left compartment, closed the first, third, fifth, and fourth compartment doors, and opened the second compartment door to connect the left compartment with the rear compartment.

[0013] Adjust the valve in the left compartment to begin pressurizing until the pressure in the left compartment is the same as the pressure in the forward compartment;

[0014] Open the valve between the aft and forward compartments to ensure that the air pressure in the two compartments is the same;

[0015] The sixth and seventh hatches were opened in sequence, and the construction workers entered the front cabin from the rear cabin.

[0016] After ensuring pressure balance between the rear and forward compartments, the left hatch is opened, and the workers enter the tool-changing area to change the tools.

[0017] A further improvement of the tool changing method of the four-compartment system of the combined micro-tunnel construction equipment is that, when the tool changing operation of the second micro-tunnel construction equipment is performed, the tool head drive system of the second micro-tunnel construction equipment retracts, so that a tool changing area is formed between the tool head of the second micro-tunnel construction equipment and the working face.

[0018] Construction workers entered the right compartment, closed the first, second, third, and fifth doors, and opened the fourth door to connect the right compartment with the rear compartment.

[0019] Adjust the valve in the right compartment to begin pressurizing until the pressure in the right compartment is the same as the pressure in the forward compartment;

[0020] Open the valve between the aft and forward compartments to ensure that the air pressure in the two compartments is the same;

[0021] The sixth and seventh hatches were opened in sequence, and the construction workers entered the front cabin from the rear cabin.

[0022] After ensuring pressure balance between the rear and forward compartments, the right hatch is opened, and the workers enter the tool-changing area to change the tools.

[0023] The further improvement of the tool changing method of the four-compartment system of the combined micro-tunnel construction equipment of the present invention is that when the tool changing operation of the first micro-tunnel construction equipment and the second micro-tunnel construction equipment is carried out simultaneously, the tool head drive system of the first micro-tunnel construction equipment and the second micro-tunnel construction equipment retracts, so that the tool changing area is formed between the tool head of the first micro-tunnel construction equipment and the working face respectively.

[0024] Construction workers entered the left and right compartments, closed the first, third, and fifth doors, and opened the second and fourth doors to connect the left and right compartments with the rear compartment.

[0025] Adjust the valves in the left and right compartments to begin pressurizing until the pressure in the left and right compartments is the same as the pressure in the forward compartment;

[0026] Open the valve between the aft and forward compartments to ensure that the air pressure in the two compartments is the same;

[0027] The sixth and seventh hatches were opened in sequence, and the construction workers entered the front cabin from the rear cabin.

[0028] After ensuring pressure balance between the rear and forward compartments, the left and right hatches are opened, and the workers enter the tool changing areas on both sides of the forward compartment to change the tools.

[0029] A further improvement of the tool changing method of the four-compartment system of the combined micro-tunnel construction equipment is that, before the tool changing operation of the first micro-tunnel construction equipment is carried out, the pipeline slag discharge system and the pressure holding system of the first micro-tunnel construction equipment are controlled to work together to empty the mud in the excavation chamber and the working face area of ​​the first micro-tunnel construction equipment, and the front compartment is always kept under pressure; the tools and equipment for the tool changing operation are transported into the left compartment.

[0030] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] This invention relates to a four-compartment system for modular microtunneling equipment. By connecting a front compartment extending from the cutterhead of both the first and second microtunneling devices to the rear compartment, a cutterhead changing space is created after the cutterhead drive system retracts, allowing workers to change cutters. This improves the working environment and increases efficiency, thus solving the technical problem of difficult cutter changes during the tunneling process in existing microtunneling equipment. The four-compartment system of this invention can simultaneously allow for cutter changes on both sides of the microtunneling equipment, significantly increasing efficiency. The prefabricated connection between adjacent compartments allows for flexible adaptation to the spatial arrangement of the microtunneling equipment on both sides, resulting in better system adaptability.

[0032] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a top view of the four-compartment system of the combined micro-tunnel construction equipment of the present invention in the tunneling state;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a top view of the four-compartment system of the combined micro-tunneling equipment of the present invention in the cutter-changing state.

[0036] Among them, 1. Left compartment; 2. Right compartment; 3. Fore compartment; 4. Rear compartment; 5. First door; 6. Second door; 7. Third door; 8. Fourth door; 9. Fifth door; 10. Sixth door; 11. Seventh door; 12. Left door; 13. Right door; 14. Knife changing area. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] See Figures 1-2As shown, a four-compartment system suitable for combined microtunneling equipment is integrated into a first microtunneling equipment and a second microtunneling equipment arranged in parallel. The cutterhead drive systems of the first and second microtunneling equipment have axial telescopic functions. The four-compartment system includes a left compartment 1, a right compartment 2, a front compartment 3, and a rear compartment 4. The left compartment 1 is located inside the shield of the first microtunneling equipment, the right compartment 2 is located inside the shield of the second microtunneling equipment, the rear compartment 4 is connected between the left compartment 1 and the right compartment 2, and the front compartment 3 is connected to the front end of the rear compartment 4. The front end of the front compartment 3 extends beyond the cutterhead positions of the first and second microtunneling equipment. The left compartment 1, the right compartment 2, the front compartment 3, and the rear compartment 4 are all equipped with door assemblies for airtight isolation and valves for regulating the air pressure inside the compartments.

[0039] Specifically, this invention utilizes the shield bodies of the first and second micro-tunneling equipment as pressure-resistant chambers, each with independent pressure-reduction adjustment functions. The four chambers are connected in a modular fashion. The left chamber 1 and right chamber 2 are equipped with a cutterhead drive, a joint sealing system, and muck discharge pipelines. The cutterhead drive system has a certain range of axial extension and retraction capabilities, allowing it to extend and retract and be limited as needed for tunneling or cutterhead replacement, providing a relatively spacious pressurized cutterhead replacement workspace. During normal tunneling, the cutterhead drive system extends to its maximum position; all chambers are at atmospheric pressure. When the groundwater pressure is high, to prevent leakage of the shield seal and door seals, a certain high air pressure can be maintained in the left chamber 1, right chamber 2, and front chamber 3. This positive pressure difference from the inside out pressurizes the doors and isolates external groundwater. In this embodiment, the micro-tunneling equipment can be a tunneling machine, a shield machine, or a pipe jacking machine.

[0040] Preferably, the door assembly of the left compartment 1 includes a first door 5 and a second door 6. The first door 5 is isolated from the left compartment 1 and the interior of the first micro-tunneling equipment, and the second door 6 is isolated from the left compartment 1 and the rear compartment 4.

[0041] Preferably, the door assembly of the right compartment 2 includes a third door 7 and a fourth door 8, the third door 7 being isolated from the right compartment 2 and the interior of the second micro-tunneling equipment, and the fourth door 8 being isolated from the right compartment 2 and the rear compartment 4.

[0042] Preferably, the door assembly of the aft compartment 4 includes a fifth door 9 and a sixth door 10, the fifth door 9 isolating the aft compartment 4 from the external environment, and the sixth door 10 isolating the aft compartment 4 from the forward compartment 3.

[0043] Preferably, the door assembly of the forward compartment 3 includes a seventh door 11, a left door 12 and a right door 13. The seventh door 11 is isolated from the forward compartment 3 and the rear compartment 4 and is fitted with the sixth door 10. The left door 12 and the right door 13 are both isolated from the forward compartment 3 and the external environment and are located at the front of the forward compartment 3.

[0044] Preferably, the two sides of the rear compartment 4 are connected to the left compartment 1 and the right compartment 2, and the two sides of the front compartment 3 are provided with gaps between the left compartment 1 and the right compartment 2 to avoid affecting the normal tunneling of the cutterhead.

[0045] The present invention also provides a cutter replacement method using a four-compartment system suitable for combined micro-tunneling equipment as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0046] When the first micro-tunnel construction equipment is changing cutterheads, the cutterhead drive system of the first micro-tunnel construction equipment retracts, forming a cutterhead changing area 14 between the cutterhead and the tunnel face.

[0047] Construction workers enter the left compartment 1, close the first door 5, the third door 7, the fifth door 9 and the fourth door 8, and open the second door 6 to connect the left compartment 1 with the rear compartment 4;

[0048] Adjust the valve in the left compartment 1 to begin pressurizing until the pressure in the left compartment 1 is the same as the pressure in the forward compartment 3;

[0049] Open the valve between the rear compartment 4 and the front compartment 3 to ensure that the air pressure in the two compartments is the same;

[0050] Open the sixth hatch 10 and the seventh hatch 11 in sequence, and the construction personnel enter the front hatch 3 from the rear hatch 4;

[0051] After ensuring pressure balance between the rear compartment 4 and the front compartment 3, the left hatch 12 is opened, and the construction personnel enter the tool changing area 14 to change the tool.

[0052] Preferably, during the cutter replacement operation of the second micro-tunnel construction equipment, the cutterhead drive system of the second micro-tunnel construction equipment retracts, so that a cutter replacement area 14 is formed between the cutterhead of the second micro-tunnel construction equipment and the tunnel face.

[0053] Construction workers enter the right compartment 2, close the first door 5, the second door 6, the third door 7 and the fifth door 9, and open the fourth door 8 to connect the right compartment 2 with the rear compartment 4;

[0054] Adjust the valve in right compartment 2 to begin pressurizing until the pressure in right compartment 2 is the same as the pressure in forward compartment 3;

[0055] Open the valve between the rear compartment 4 and the front compartment 3 to ensure that the air pressure in the two compartments is the same;

[0056] Open the sixth hatch 10 and the seventh hatch 11 in sequence, and the construction personnel enter the front hatch 3 from the rear hatch 4;

[0057] After ensuring pressure balance between the rear compartment 4 and the front compartment 3, the right hatch 13 is opened, and the construction personnel enter the tool changing area 14 to change the tool.

[0058] Preferably, when the first micro-tunneling equipment and the cutterhead of the first micro-tunneling equipment are being changed simultaneously, the cutterhead drive systems of the first micro-tunneling equipment and the second micro-tunneling equipment retract, so that the cutterheads of the first micro-tunneling equipment and the second micro-tunneling equipment respectively form a cutterhead changing area 14 between the cutterheads of the first micro-tunneling equipment and the tunnel face.

[0059] Construction workers entered the left compartment 1 and the right compartment 2, closed the first door 5, the third door 7 and the fifth door 9, and opened the second door 6 and the fourth door 8 to connect the left compartment 1 and the right compartment 2 with the rear compartment 4;

[0060] Adjust the valves in the left compartment 1 and the right compartment 2 to start pressurizing until the pressure in the left compartment 1 and the right compartment 2 is the same as the pressure in the forward compartment 3;

[0061] Open the valve between the rear compartment 4 and the front compartment 3 to ensure that the air pressure in the two compartments is the same;

[0062] Open the sixth hatch 10 and the seventh hatch 11 in sequence, and the construction personnel enter the front hatch 3 from the rear hatch 4;

[0063] After ensuring pressure balance between the rear compartment 4 and the front compartment 3, the left hatch 12 and the right hatch 13 are opened, and construction personnel enter the tool changing areas 14 on both sides of the front compartment 3 to change the tools. The first and second micro-tunneling equipment can also carry out tool changing operations simultaneously, thereby further improving the efficiency of tool changing operations.

[0064] Preferably, before the cutter replacement operation of the first micro-tunneling equipment, the pipeline slag discharge system and the pressure holding system of the first micro-tunneling equipment are controlled to work together to empty the mud in the excavation chamber and the working face area of ​​the first micro-tunneling equipment, and the front chamber 3 is always kept under pressure; the cutter and tools for the cutter replacement operation are transported into the left chamber 1.

[0065] This invention relates to a four-compartment system for combined microtunneling equipment. By connecting a front compartment 3, extending from the front end of the first and second microtunneling equipment to the front of the rear compartment 4, a cutter-changing space is created after the cutterhead drive system retracts, allowing construction personnel to change cutters. This improves the working environment and thus increases work efficiency, solving the technical problem of difficult cutter changing during the tunneling process in existing microtunneling equipment. The four-compartment system of this invention can simultaneously enable cutter changing for both left and right microtunneling equipment, significantly increasing work efficiency. The prefabricated connection between adjacent compartments allows for flexible adaptation to the spatial arrangement of the left and right microtunneling equipment, resulting in better system adaptability.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A four-compartment system suitable for combined micro-tunneling equipment, characterized in that, The system is integrated into a first micro-tunneling equipment and a second micro-tunneling equipment arranged in parallel, and the cutterhead drive system of the first micro-tunneling equipment and the second micro-tunneling equipment has axial telescopic function; the four-compartment system includes a left compartment (1), a right compartment (2), a front compartment (3) and a rear compartment (4); the left compartment (1) is located in the shield body of the first micro-tunneling equipment, the right compartment (2) is located in the shield body of the second micro-tunneling equipment, the rear compartment (4) is connected between the left compartment (1) and the right compartment (2), and the front compartment (3) is connected to the front end of the rear compartment (4); the front end of the front compartment (3) extends out of the cutterhead position of the first micro-tunneling equipment and the second micro-tunneling equipment; the left compartment (1), the right compartment (2), the front compartment (3) and the rear compartment (4) are all provided with a door assembly for airtight isolation and a valve for adjusting the air pressure inside the compartment; The door assembly of the left compartment (1) includes a first door (5) and a second door (6), the first door (5) is isolated from the left compartment (1) and the interior of the first micro-tunneling equipment, and the second door (6) is isolated from the left compartment (1) and the rear compartment (4). The hatch assembly of the right compartment (2) includes a third hatch (7) and a fourth hatch (8), the third hatch (7) being isolated from the right compartment (2) and the interior of the second micro-tunneling equipment, and the fourth hatch (8) being isolated from the right compartment (2) and the rear compartment (4). The door assembly of the rear compartment (4) includes a fifth door (9) and a sixth door (10), the fifth door (9) isolating the rear compartment (4) from the external environment, and the sixth door (10) isolating the rear compartment (4) from the front compartment (3). The door assembly of the forward compartment (3) includes a seventh door (11), a left door (12) and a right door (13). The seventh door (11) is isolated from the forward compartment (3) and the aft compartment (4) and is fitted with the sixth door (10). The left door (12) and the right door (13) are both isolated from the forward compartment (3) and the external environment and are located at the front of the forward compartment (3).

2. The four-compartment system for combined micro-tunneling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two sides of the rear compartment (4) are connected to the left compartment (1) and the right compartment (2), and there are gaps between the two sides of the front compartment (3) and the left compartment (1) and the right compartment (2).

3. A cutter replacement method using a four-compartment system for combined micro-tunneling equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: When the first micro tunnel construction equipment is changing cutterheads, the cutterhead drive system of the first micro tunnel construction equipment retracts, so that the cutterhead of the first micro tunnel construction equipment and the tunnel face form a cutter changing area (14). Construction workers enter the left compartment (1), close the first door (5), the third door (7), the fifth door (9) and the fourth door (8), open the second door (6), and connect the left compartment (1) with the rear compartment (4); Adjust the valve in the left compartment (1) to start pressurizing until the pressure in the left compartment (1) is the same as the pressure in the front compartment (3); Open the valve between the rear compartment (4) and the front compartment (3) to ensure that the air pressure in the two compartments is the same; Open the sixth door (10) and the seventh door (11) in sequence, and the construction personnel enter the front compartment (3) from the rear compartment (4); After ensuring pressure balance between the rear compartment (4) and the front compartment (3), open the left hatch (12) and the construction personnel enter the tool changing area (14) to change the tool.

4. The cutter replacement method for a four-compartment system of a combined micro-tunneling equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the cutter head of the second micro-tunnel construction equipment is changing cutter head, the cutter head drive system of the second micro-tunnel construction equipment retracts, so that the cutter head of the second micro-tunnel construction equipment and the tunnel face form a cutter head changing area (14). Construction workers enter the right compartment (2), close the first door (5), the second door (6), the third door (7) and the fifth door (9), open the fourth door (8), and connect the right compartment (2) with the rear compartment (4); Adjust the valve in the right compartment (2) to start pressurizing until the pressure in the right compartment (2) is the same as the pressure in the front compartment (3); Open the valve between the rear compartment (4) and the front compartment (3) to ensure that the air pressure in the two compartments is the same; Open the sixth door (10) and the seventh door (11) in sequence, and the construction personnel enter the front compartment (3) from the rear compartment (4); After ensuring pressure balance between the rear compartment (4) and the front compartment (3), open the right hatch (13) and the construction personnel enter the tool changing area (14) to change the tool.

5. The cutter replacement method for a four-compartment system of a combined micro-tunneling equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the first micro-tunnel construction equipment and the first micro-tunnel construction equipment are simultaneously performing cutter replacement operations, the cutter head drive systems of the first micro-tunnel construction equipment and the second micro-tunnel construction equipment retract, so that the cutter heads of the first micro-tunnel construction equipment and the second micro-tunnel construction equipment form cutter replacement areas (14) between the working face and the working face respectively. Construction workers enter the left compartment (1) and the right compartment (2), close the first door (5), the third door (7) and the fifth door (9), open the second door (6) and the fourth door (8), and connect the left compartment (1) and the right compartment (2) with the rear compartment (4); Adjust the valves of the left compartment (1) and the right compartment (2) to start pressurizing until the pressure in the left compartment (1) and the right compartment (2) is the same as the pressure in the forward compartment (3); Open the valve between the rear compartment (4) and the front compartment (3) to ensure that the air pressure in the two compartments is the same; Open the sixth door (10) and the seventh door (11) in sequence, and the construction personnel enter the front compartment (3) from the rear compartment (4); After ensuring pressure balance between the rear compartment (4) and the front compartment (3), open the left hatch (12) and the right hatch (13), and the construction personnel enter the tool changing areas (14) on both sides of the front compartment (3) to change the tools.

6. The cutterhead replacement method for a four-compartment system of a combined micro-tunneling equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, Before the cutter replacement operation of the first micro-tunnel construction equipment, the pipeline slag discharge system and pressure holding system of the first micro-tunnel construction equipment are controlled to work together to empty the mud in the excavation chamber and the working face area of ​​the first micro-tunnel construction equipment. The front chamber (3) is always kept under pressure. The cutter and tools for the cutter replacement operation are transported into the left chamber (1).

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