A coal mine underground support device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of coal mine construction technology, specifically to an underground support device for coal mines. It includes an arched support assembly, a reinforcing assembly disposed inside the arched support assembly, a protective assembly disposed between the reinforcing assembly and the arched support assembly, a transmission assembly disposed between multiple sliding sleeves, and steel wire ropes movably interlaced between multiple limiting rings at corresponding positions. A winding assembly is disposed inside a first U-shaped frame. In this invention, a movable protective net is installed inside the arched support assembly. As the protective net moves, the intercepted gravel is pulled to one side, causing it to roll down along the surface of the net, reducing secondary gravel falls caused by vibrations and disturbances underground, thus improving the protective effect. When there is a risk of tunnel collapse, multiple second U-shaped support frames are combined into a single U-shaped support frame to support the arched support assembly from the inside, improving the stability and support capacity of the support device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine construction technology, specifically to an underground support device for coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] A coal mine shaft is a facility used for mining coal. After mining begins, there will be many tunnels. These tunnels are used to transport coal resources and for workers to move around. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the stability of the coal mine shaft. Support devices need to be installed inside the tunnels to maintain their stability and prevent collapse.

[0003] Existing underground tunnel support devices typically use an arched frame as the main load-bearing structure, with protective nets installed on the inner or outer sides to intercept accidentally falling debris. However, because the protective nets are not fitted tightly to the tunnel walls and there are gaps, when intercepting debris, the falling debris may only get caught in the mesh with its edges and corners, and is not completely contained. If mechanical equipment vibration or blasting occurs underground, these stuck debris can easily loosen and fall again, posing a safety threat to personnel and equipment below. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an underground support device for coal mines to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A coal mine underground support device includes an arched support assembly, and further includes:

[0007] A reinforcing component is provided inside the arched support component. The reinforcing component includes multiple No. 1 U-shaped frames. Multiple No. 2 U-shaped frames are equidistantly arranged between two adjacent No. 1 U-shaped frames. Multiple sliding sleeves are fixedly installed equidistantly on the inner surfaces of the No. 1 U-shaped frames and the No. 2 U-shaped frames. Crossbars are slidably inserted into the sliding sleeves at corresponding positions.

[0008] A protective component is positioned between the reinforcing component and the arched support component;

[0009] A transmission assembly is disposed between multiple sliding sleeves. The transmission assembly includes limiting rings symmetrically fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of the multiple sliding sleeves, and steel wire ropes are movably interwoven between the multiple limiting rings at corresponding positions.

[0010] The winding assembly is located inside the No. 1 U-shaped frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner surfaces of the multiple limiting rings are provided with holes of different sizes, the outer surface of the wire rope is fixedly installed with multiple top rings of different diameters at equal intervals, one side surface of the second U-shaped frame is fixedly installed with multiple insert rods at equal intervals, the other side surfaces of the second U-shaped frame and the first U-shaped frame are provided with multiple insertion holes at equal intervals, the insert rods are movably inserted into the insertion holes at corresponding positions, and the inner surface of the sliding sleeve is symmetrically rotatably connected with multiple rollers, and the rollers are movably fitted with the crossbar.

[0012] Furthermore, the arched support assembly includes:

[0013] Multiple side frames are symmetrically arranged inside the tunnel;

[0014] Multiple curved top frames are movably positioned between two symmetrical side frames;

[0015] Multiple connecting frames connect the side frames and the curved top frame.

[0016] Preferably, the outer surfaces of the side frame, the arc-shaped top frame, and the connecting frame are all provided with multiple No. 1 connecting holes, and No. 1 bolts are detachably connected between two No. 1 connecting holes at corresponding positions. Multiple crossbeams are equidistantly arranged between two adjacent side frames. The outer surfaces of the side frame and the crossbeams are all provided with multiple No. 2 connecting holes, and No. 2 bolts are detachably connected between two No. 2 connecting holes at corresponding positions.

[0017] Preferably, the side frame and the arc-shaped top frame are provided with multiple No. 1 through holes at equal intervals on one side surface. An anchor rod embedded in the tunnel inner wall is movably installed inside the No. 1 through hole. The crossbar is provided with multiple No. 2 through holes at equal intervals on one side surface. The No. 1 U-shaped frame and the sliding sleeve on its inner side surface are provided with No. 3 through holes. The anchor rod moves through the No. 2 and No. 3 through holes at the corresponding positions. A thread is provided at one end of the outer surface of the anchor rod. A nut is screwed into the outer side of the thread, and a washer is movably provided between the nut and the sliding sleeve.

[0018] Preferably, the protective component includes:

[0019] The protective netting is installed on the outside of the No. 1 and No. 2 U-shaped frames and is movably fitted with the curved top frame and side frame;

[0020] Multiple pull rings are fixedly installed at equal intervals on both ends of the protective netting.

[0021] Preferably, the outer surface of the protective net is provided with multiple grooves at equal intervals, and multiple anchor rods move through the grooves at corresponding positions.

[0022] Furthermore, the winding assembly includes:

[0023] Multiple No. 1 brackets are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the inner surface of the No. 1 U-shaped frame;

[0024] The winding drum is rotatably connected inside the No. 1 bracket;

[0025] The drive shaft is fixedly connected between two take-up drums at corresponding positions.

[0026] Preferably, the two ends of the wire rope are fixedly connected to the winding drum at the corresponding positions, and the two ends of the outer side of the transmission shaft are rotatably connected to the second bracket. One end of the second bracket is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the first U-shaped frame at the corresponding position, and the motor is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the first U-shaped frame through the bracket.

[0027] Preferably, bevel gears are fixedly installed on the output end of the motor and the outer surface of the transmission shaft. The two bevel gears are meshed and connected for transmission. A protective shell fixedly connected to the motor housing is fitted on the outer side of the two bevel gears, and the transmission shaft moves through the protective shell.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. The motor drives the winding drum to rotate, causing the wire rope on one side of the transmission component to be wound up and the wire rope on the other side to be unwound. This allows the wire rope to drive multiple No. 2 U-shaped frames to reset. The movement of the wire rope moves the third No. 2 U-shaped frame, which in turn moves the two No. 2 U-shaped frames between it and the No. 1 U-shaped frame, connecting multiple No. 2 U-shaped frames and one No. 1 U-shaped frame. In the event of a tunnel collapse risk, the multiple No. 2 U-shaped frames and one No. 1 U-shaped frame are combined into a U-shaped support frame, which supports the arch support component from the inside, improving the stability and support capacity of the support device.

[0030] 2. When installing the arch support components and reinforcement components, the anchor bolts are buried in the inner wall of the tunnel, so that the anchor bolts at the corresponding positions fix the corresponding No. 1 U-shaped frame, side frame and arc-shaped top frame. After the arch support components and reinforcement components are installed in the tunnel, they are connected to the geological layer around the tunnel to improve their firmness and support strength.

[0031] 3. Maintenance personnel wearing personal protective equipment step on the pull rings to move the protective net in the direction of stepping. As the protective net moves, the gravel intercepted on its surface is moved to one side, causing it to roll down the protective net surface to the bottom of the side frame for manual collection. Then, they step on the pull rings on the other side of the protective net to reset it. This actively causes the gravel to fall, reducing secondary gravel falling caused by vibration and disturbance underground, reducing harm to passing personnel and equipment, and improving the protective effect. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the arched support component in this invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reinforcing component and the winding component in this invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the protective components and anchor bolt structure in this invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the No. 1 U-shaped frame and crossbar in this invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the winding assembly and transmission assembly in this invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the connection between the No. 1 U-shaped frame and the anchor rod in this invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor and transmission shaft in this invention.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Arched support assembly; 101. Side frame; 102. Arc-shaped top frame; 103. Connecting frame; 104. Crossbeam; 105. Connecting hole No. 1; 106. Connecting hole No. 2; 107. Bolt No. 1; 108. Bolt No. 2; 109. Through hole No. 1; 2. Reinforcing assembly; 201. U-shaped frame No. 1; 202. U-shaped frame No. 2; 203. Sliding sleeve; 204. Crossbar; 205. Through hole No. 2; 206. Anchor bolt; 2 07. Thread; 208. Nut; 209. No. 3 through hole; 3. Protective component; 301. Protective net; 302. Slide groove; 303. Pull ring; 4. Transmission component; 401. Limiting ring; 402. Wire rope; 403. Top ring; 404. Insert rod; 5. Winding component; 501. No. 1 bracket; 502. Winding drum; 503. No. 2 bracket; 504. Drive shaft; 505. Motor; 506. Bevel gear; 507. Protective shell. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Please see Figure 1-8In this embodiment of the invention, a coal mine underground support device includes an arched support component 1 and a reinforcement component 2 disposed inside the arched support component 1. The reinforcement component 2 includes multiple first U-shaped frames 201, and multiple second U-shaped frames 202 are equidistantly arranged between two adjacent first U-shaped frames 201. Multiple sliding sleeves 203 are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the inner surfaces of the first U-shaped frames 201 and the second U-shaped frames 202. Crossbars 204 are slidably inserted into the sliding sleeves 203 at corresponding positions. A protective component 3 is disposed between the reinforcement component 2 and the arched support component 1. A transmission component 4 is disposed between the multiple sliding sleeves 203. The transmission component 4 includes limiting rings 401 symmetrically fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of the multiple sliding sleeves 203. Steel wire ropes 402 are movably inserted between the multiple limiting rings 401 at corresponding positions. A winding component 5 is disposed inside the first U-shaped frames 201.

[0043] Specifically, the arched support component 1 and the protective net 301 constitute the original support structure. Then, by setting the reinforcement component 2 inside the protective net 301, the protective net 301 is supported. The winding component 5 drives the transmission component 4 to move multiple second U-shaped frames 202 to the corresponding first U-shaped frame 201, forming a U-shaped support structure to provide auxiliary support for the arched support component 1.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the arched support assembly 1 includes: multiple side frames 101 symmetrically arranged inside the tunnel; multiple arc-shaped top frames 102 movably arranged between two symmetrical side frames 101; and multiple connecting frames 103 connected between the side frames 101 and the arc-shaped top frames 102. Multiple first-order connecting holes 105 are provided on the outer surfaces of the side frames 101, the arc-shaped top frames 102, and the connecting frames 103. A first-order bolt 107 is detachably connected between two first-order connecting holes 105 at corresponding positions. Multiple crossbeams 104 are equidistantly arranged between two adjacent side frames 101. Multiple second-order connecting holes 106 are provided on the outer surfaces of the side frames 101 and the crossbeams 104. A second-order bolt 108 is detachably connected between two second-order connecting holes 106 at corresponding positions.

[0046] In this embodiment, an arc-shaped top frame 102 and two side frames 101 are connected by a connecting frame 103 and then fixed by a first bolt 107 to form an arched support structure. Then, multiple arched support structures are connected into a whole by a crossbeam 104 and fixed by a second bolt 108 to improve the firmness and support strength of the arched support assembly 1 and provide the main support and protection for the tunnel.

[0047] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the winding assembly 5 includes: multiple primary brackets 501 symmetrically fixedly installed on the inner surface of the primary U-shaped frame 201; winding drums 502 rotatably connected to the inside of the primary brackets 501; and a drive shaft 504 fixedly connected between two corresponding winding drums 502; both ends of the wire rope 402 are fixedly connected to the corresponding winding drums 502; and secondary brackets 503 are rotatably connected to both ends of the outer side of the drive shaft 504. One end of the secondary bracket 503 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the primary U-shaped frame 201 at the corresponding position, and the secondary bracket 503 provides support to the drive shaft 504. The frame is supported to improve its stability during rotation and ensure the meshing of the bevel gears 506. The inner surface of the first U-shaped frame 201 is fixedly mounted with a motor 505 by a bracket. The output end of the motor 505 and the outer surface of the transmission shaft 504 are both fixedly mounted with bevel gears 506. The two bevel gears 506 mesh and are connected for transmission. The outer sides of the two bevel gears 506 are fitted with protective shells 507 that are fixedly connected to the outer shell of the motor 505. The transmission shaft 504 moves through the protective shells 507. The protective shells 507 protect the bevel gears 506 and prevent dust from entering the meshing area, so that the bevel gears 506 can transmit normally.

[0048] In practice, the motor 505 operates, and through the meshing transmission of the bevel gear 506, the transmission shaft 504 rotates, driving the winding drums 502 at both ends to rotate. The surface of the winding drum 502 is provided with four winding spaces, which are respectively connected to the two wire ropes 402 of the two sets of transmission components 4 on both sides. When the winding drum 502 rotates, the wire rope 402 of the transmission component 4 on one side is in the winding state, and the wire rope 402 of the transmission component 4 on the other side is in the unwinding state, so that the wire rope 402 can drive the multiple No. 2 U-shaped skeletons 202 to reset.

[0049] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, multiple limiting rings 401 have holes of different sizes on their inner surfaces. Multiple top rings 403 of different diameters are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the outer surface of the wire rope 402. Multiple insert rods 404 are fixedly installed at equal intervals on one side surface of the second U-shaped frame 202. Multiple insertion holes are opened at equal intervals on the other side surfaces of the second U-shaped frame 202 and the first U-shaped frame 201. The insert rods 404 are movably inserted into the insertion holes at corresponding positions. The insertion rods 404 are inserted into the insertion holes to increase the connection strength between the multiple second U-shaped frames 202 and the first U-shaped frame 201. Multiple rollers are symmetrically rotated and connected to the inner surface of the sliding sleeve 203. The rollers are movably fitted with the crossbar 204. The rollers reduce the friction between the sliding sleeve 203 and the crossbar 204, making the second U-shaped frame 202 easier to move.

[0050] In practice, when the winding drum 502 rotates, it drives the wire rope 402 to move. At this time, the top ring 403 passes through the hole of the limiting ring 401 on one side, causing the third second U-shaped frame 202 to move. This pushes the two second U-shaped frames 202 between it and the first U-shaped frame 201 to move, so that the insertion rod 404 is inserted into the corresponding insertion hole. At this time, multiple second U-shaped frames 202 and one first U-shaped frame 201 are connected. Thus, when there is a risk of tunnel collapse, multiple second U-shaped frames 202 and one first U-shaped frame 201 are combined into a U-shaped support frame to support the arch support component 1 from the inside, improving the stability and support capacity of the support device. When resetting, the top ring 403 pushes the limiting ring 401 that the second U-shaped frame 202 contacts when it is in the unfolded state, so that the second U-shaped frame 202 is reset.

[0051] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, multiple No. 1 through holes 109 are equidistantly opened on one side surface of the side frame 101 and the arc-shaped top frame 102. Anchor rods 206 embedded in the tunnel inner wall are movably installed inside the No. 1 through hole 109. Multiple No. 2 through holes 205 are equidistantly opened on one side surface of the crossbar 204. No. 3 through holes 209 are opened on one side surface of the No. 1 U-shaped frame 201 and the sliding sleeve 203 on its inner side surface. Anchor rods 206 movably pass through the No. 2 through holes 205 and No. 3 through holes 209 at corresponding positions. A thread 207 is provided at one end of the outer surface of the anchor rod 206. A nut 208 is screwed onto the outer side of the thread 207. A washer is movably provided between the nut 208 and the sliding sleeve 203. The No. 1 U-shaped frame 201 is fixed to the side frame 101 and the arc-shaped top frame 102 by fastening with the nut 208.

[0052] In practice, the two ends of the No. 1 U-shaped frame 201 are fixed to the ground at the bottom of the tunnel, while the bottom of the No. 2 U-shaped frame 202 does not contact the ground at the bottom of the tunnel, making the No. 2 U-shaped frame 202 easier to move. When installing the arch support component 1 and the reinforcement component 2, the anchor rods 206 are buried in the inner wall of the tunnel, so that the anchor rods 206 at the corresponding positions fix the corresponding No. 1 U-shaped frame 201, side frame 101 and arc-shaped top frame 102. After the arch support component 1 and the reinforcement component 2 are installed in the tunnel, they are connected to the geological layer around the tunnel to improve their firmness and support strength.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Based on Example 1, in order to solve the problem that the gravel caught on the surface of the protective net 301 is prone to fall off again under the influence of vibration.

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the protective component 3 includes: a protective net 301 disposed on the outside of the first U-shaped frame 201 and the second U-shaped frame 202, and movably fitted with the arc-shaped top frame 102 and the side frame 101; multiple pull rings 303 are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the surfaces of both ends of the protective net 301; multiple sliding grooves 302 are equidistantly opened on the outer surface of the protective net 301, and multiple anchor rods 206 movably pass through the sliding grooves 302 at corresponding positions. The sliding grooves 302 are used for the anchor rods 206 to pass through, so as to facilitate the smooth movement of the protective net 301.

[0056] In practice, maintenance personnel wear protective equipment and step on the pull ring 303 to move the protective net 301 in the direction of stepping. As the protective net 301 moves, the gravel intercepted on its surface is moved to one side, causing it to roll down along the surface of the protective net 301 to the bottom of the side frame 101 for manual collection. Then, they step on the pull ring 303 on the other side of the protective net 301 to reset the protective net 301. This actively causes the gravel to fall, reducing secondary gravel falling caused by vibration and disturbance underground, reducing damage to passing personnel and equipment, and improving the protective effect.

[0057] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0058] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A coal mine underground support device comprising an arched support assembly (1), characterized in that, Also include: Reinforcing assembly (2) is arranged in the inside of the arched support assembly (1), the reinforcing assembly (2) includes multiple first U-shaped skeletons (201), multiple second U-shaped skeletons (202) are movably arranged between the two adjacent first U-shaped skeletons (201), and multiple sliding sleeves (203) are movably arranged on the inner surfaces of the first U-shaped skeletons (201) and the second U-shaped skeletons (202); multiple cross bars (204) are slidably inserted into the multiple sliding sleeves (203) at corresponding positions; Protective assembly (3) is arranged between the reinforcing assembly (2) and the arched support assembly (1); Transmission assembly (4) is arranged between the multiple sliding sleeves (203), and the transmission assembly (4) includes multiple limiting rings (401) movably arranged between the multiple sliding sleeves (203) at corresponding positions; Winding assembly (5) is arranged inside the first U-shaped skeleton (201); Multiple holes of different sizes are formed in the inner surfaces of the multiple limiting rings (401), multiple top rings (403) of different diameters are movably arranged on the outer surface of the steel wire rope (402), multiple insertion rods (404) are movably arranged on one side surface of the second U-shaped skeleton (202), multiple insertion holes are movably arranged on the other side surface of the second U-shaped skeleton (202) and the first U-shaped skeleton (201), the insertion rod (404) is movably inserted into the insertion hole at the corresponding position, and multiple rollers are rotatably connected to the inner surface of the sliding sleeve (203) and movably attached to the cross bar (204); The protective assembly (3) includes: A protective net (301) is movably attached to the outer surfaces of the first U-shaped skeleton (201) and the second U-shaped skeleton (202) and the arc-shaped top frame (102) and the side frame (101); Multiple pull rings (303) are movably arranged on the two end surfaces of the protective net (301); Multiple sliding grooves (302) are movably arranged on the outer surface of the protective net (301), and multiple anchor rods (206) are movably arranged in the sliding grooves (302) at corresponding positions; The winding assembly (5) includes: Multiple first supports (501) are movably arranged on the inner surfaces of the first U-shaped skeletons (201); A winding drum (502) is rotatably connected to the inside of the first support (501); A transmission shaft (504) is movably connected between the two winding drums (502) at corresponding positions; The two ends of the steel wire rope (402) are movably connected to the winding drums (502) at corresponding positions, the two ends of the transmission shaft (504) are rotatably connected to the second supports (503), one end of the second support (503) is movably connected to the inner surface of the first U-shaped skeleton (201) at a corresponding position, and the inner surface of the first U-shaped skeleton (201) is movably connected to the motor (505) through the support.

2. A coal mine underground support device according to claim 1, characterised in that, The arched support assembly (1) includes: Multiple side frames (101) are movably arranged inside the tunnel; Multiple arc-shaped top frames (102) are movably arranged between the two symmetrical side frames (101). A plurality of connecting frames (103) are connected between the side frames (101) and the arc-shaped top frames (102).

3. A coal mine underground support device according to claim 2, characterised in that, A plurality of first connecting holes (105) are formed on the outer surfaces of the side frames (101), the arc-shaped top frames (102) and the connecting frames (103), a first bolt (107) is detachably connected between two first connecting holes (105) at a corresponding position, a plurality of cross beams (104) are movably arranged at equal intervals between two adjacent side frames (101), a plurality of second connecting holes (106) are formed on the outer surfaces of the side frames (101) and the cross beams (104), and a second bolt (108) is detachably connected between two second connecting holes (106) at a corresponding position.

4. A coal mine underground support device according to claim 3, characterised in that, A plurality of first through holes (109) are formed on one side surface of the side frames (101) and the arc-shaped top frames (102) at equal intervals, an anchor rod (206) embedded in the inner wall of the tunnel is movably arranged in the first through hole (109), a plurality of second through holes (205) are formed on one side surface of the cross beam (204) at equal intervals, a third through hole (209) is formed on one side surface of the first U-shaped frame (201) and the sliding sleeve (203) inside the first U-shaped frame (201), the anchor rod (206) movably penetrates the second through hole (205) and the third through hole (209) at a corresponding position, a thread (207) is arranged at one end of the outer surface of the anchor rod (206), a nut (208) is screw-coupled outside the thread (207), and a gasket is movably arranged between the nut (208) and the sliding sleeve (203).

5. The coal mine support device of claim 1, wherein, The output end of the motor (505) and the outer surface of the transmission shaft (504) are fixedly installed with bevel gears (506), the two bevel gears (506) are meshingly and drivingly connected, the outer surfaces of the two bevel gears (506) are sleeved with a protective shell (507) fixedly connected with the shell of the motor (505), and the transmission shaft (504) movably penetrates the protective shell (507).

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