Experimental device for rotating and adjusting attack angle of hydrofoil
The hydrofoil angle-of-attack experimental device, which combines electric rotary adjustment and sensor modules with PID control algorithm, solves the problem of insufficient precision in traditional adjustment methods, realizes efficient and precise hydrofoil angle-of-attack adjustment, and improves the data accuracy and efficiency of hydraulic machinery experiments.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511611681.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-06
AI Technical Summary
Traditional water tunnel adjustment methods make it difficult to precisely adjust the angle of attack of the hydrofoil, resulting in insufficient accuracy of experimental data and affecting the evaluation and optimization of hydraulic machinery performance.
An experimental device for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil by rotation was designed. It adopts an electric rotation adjustment mode and a manual fine-tuning mode, combined with a sensor module and a PID control algorithm, to achieve precise adjustment of the angle of attack of the hydrofoil, reduce manual intervention, and improve adjustment efficiency and accuracy.
It achieves high-precision adjustment of the hydrofoil's angle of attack, reduces the workload in the experimental preparation and testing phases, improves the accuracy and reliability of experimental data, and supports the accurate evaluation of hydraulic machinery performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN121275291A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of experimental equipment for hydraulic engineering and hydraulic machinery, and in particular to an experimental device for adjusting the angle of attack rotation of a hydrofoil. Background Technology
[0002] As a key basic unit of hydraulic machinery, the performance of hydrofoils directly determines the efficiency, stability, and reliability of the entire fluid system. Taking typical equipment such as axial flow pumps and water turbines as examples, hydrofoils achieve energy conversion through interaction with the fluid. Their key parameters, such as flow field characteristics, hydrodynamic load distribution, and vibration response, are closely related to the hydrofoil's geometry and motion attitude. Among these, the hydrofoil's angle of attack (i.e., the angle between the hydrofoil's chord line and the incoming flow direction) is a core design variable that has a decisive influence on the hydrodynamic performance of the hydrofoil.
[0003] Traditional water jet adjustment is a common method, but it suffers from numerous problems in practice. Firstly, it requires repeated manual disassembly and reassembly of the hydrofoil, a process that is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to errors due to human intervention and mechanical limitations, making it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of airfoil angle adjustments. This lack of precision directly reduces the accuracy of experimental data, thus hindering the accurate evaluation and optimization of hydraulic machinery performance, and severely restricting the development and innovation of hydraulic machinery technology. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides an experimental device for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil by rotation, which solves the problem of difficulty in adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil in the prior art. It realizes the electric rotation adjustment of the angle of attack of the hydrofoil, improves the adjustment accuracy of the angle of attack of the hydrofoil, and greatly reduces the workload in the experimental preparation and testing stages.
[0005] This invention provides an experimental apparatus for adjusting the angle of attack rotation of a hydrofoil, comprising: Hydrofoil rotating base; The hydrofoil has one end connected to the hydrofoil rotating base along its own axis, and the hydrofoil and the hydrofoil rotating base are coaxially arranged. The other end of the hydrofoil is a free end and extends in a direction away from the hydrofoil rotating base. A rotating shaft mechanism, one end of which is connected to the side of the hydrofoil rotating base away from the hydrofoil, and the rotating shaft mechanism and the hydrofoil rotating base are coaxially arranged. An electric adjustment module is connected to the other end of the rotating shaft mechanism away from the hydrofoil rotating base via a coupling. The electric adjustment module is used to drive the rotating shaft mechanism to rotate the hydrofoil. The electric adjustment module includes a manual adjustment mode and an electric automatic adjustment mode. The manual adjustment mode is used to fine-tune the hydrofoil's angle of attack manually, and the electric automatic adjustment mode is used to automatically adjust the hydrofoil's angle of attack according to the input target angle of attack value. A sensor module is disposed inside the hydrofoil rotating base and is closely attached to the hydrofoil. The sensor module is used to measure the vibration of the hydrofoil and the lift and drag of its surface.
[0006] According to the experimental device for adjusting the angle of attack rotation of a hydrofoil provided by the present invention, the hydrofoil rotating base has an installation cavity inside, and a plurality of connecting through holes are provided at one end of the hydrofoil near the hydrofoil. The connecting through holes communicate with the installation cavity, and the probe of the sensor module extends out of the connecting through holes and is tightly fitted to the hydrofoil.
[0007] According to the experimental apparatus for adjusting the angle of attack rotation of a hydrofoil provided by the present invention, the sensor module includes: An accelerometer is installed inside the mounting cavity. The probe of the accelerometer is connected to the hydrofoil via the connecting through hole. The accelerometer is used to collect real-time vibration signals of the hydrofoil during the experiment. A strain gauge bridge is installed in the mounting cavity, and the strain gauges of the strain gauge bridge are connected to the hydrofoil via the connecting through hole. The strain gauge bridge is used to output the bending and torsional response signals of the hydrofoil.
[0008] An experimental apparatus for adjusting the angle of attack rotation of a hydrofoil according to the present invention further includes a sensor pressure plate, which is installed in the mounting cavity and is used to press the acceleration sensor and the strain gauge bridge onto the hydrofoil.
[0009] According to the experimental device for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil provided by the present invention, the electric adjustment module further includes a control module. The control module integrates a PID control algorithm and is configured with a soft limit protection unit and a hard limit protection unit to form a dual protection mechanism. The control module can receive the target angle of attack signal input from the outside and drive the actuator to act based on the PID control algorithm to achieve automatic positioning control of the angle of attack.
[0010] According to the present invention, an experimental device for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil is provided. The electric adjustment module includes an adjustment knob, and an angle scale ring is provided on the axial outer circumferential side of the adjustment knob. The angle scale ring is used for reading the angle of attack, and the smallest readable scale of the angle scale ring is 0.1°. The outer wall surface of the adjustment knob is provided with anti-slip texture; The adjustment knob also includes a locking mechanism, which is used to lock the adjustment knob after manual adjustment is completed to prevent angle of attack drift during the test.
[0011] According to the experimental device for adjusting the angle of attack rotation of a hydrofoil provided by the present invention, the sensor pressure plate includes a shielding layer and an insulating pad layer, which are sequentially wrapped around the outside of the sensor pressure plate body from the inside to the outside.
[0012] According to the experimental device for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil provided by the present invention, a slot is provided on the end face of the hydrofoil rotating base away from the rotating shaft mechanism. The slot extends radially outward from the center of the end face of the hydrofoil rotating base. A locking boss is provided at the end of the hydrofoil. The hydrofoil and the hydrofoil rotating base are engaged with the slot through the locking boss.
[0013] According to the present invention, an experimental device for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil includes a rotating platform base, which is connected to the electric adjustment module. The rotating platform base is used to connect and fix the electric adjustment module to an external component so as to fix the experimental device for adjusting the angle of attack of the hydrofoil in a preset experimental position.
[0014] According to the present invention, an experimental device for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil is provided. The rotating platform base includes a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, and a third fixing plate. The first fixing plate and the third fixing plate are respectively connected to opposite ends of the second fixing plate, and the first fixing plate and the third fixing plate are bent toward the same side. An installation position is formed between the first fixing plate, the second fixing plate, and the third fixing plate. The electric adjustment module is disposed on the installation position and is connected and fixed to the second fixing plate.
[0015] This invention provides an experimental device for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil. An electric adjustment module is directly connected to a rotating shaft mechanism via a coupling. The rotating shaft mechanism is coaxially fixed to the hydrofoil's rotating base, and the hydrofoil is coaxially connected to the base, forming a rigid transmission chain of "electric module → rotating shaft → base → hydrofoil." The electric adjustment module has a manual adjustment mode and an electric automatic adjustment mode. The manual adjustment mode can be used for fine-tuning the hydrofoil's angle of attack, while the electric automatic adjustment mode can automatically adjust according to the target angle of attack value. During experimental preparation and testing, unlike traditional methods that rely entirely on frequent and complex manual adjustments of the hydrofoil's angle of attack, the electric automatic adjustment mode can quickly and accurately complete most of the adjustment work, while the manual adjustment mode is only used for fine-tuning, greatly reducing the workload during experimental preparation and testing. Furthermore, the coaxial arrangement of the hydrofoil, base, and rotating shaft eliminates additional eccentricity errors during transmission, further ensuring the accuracy of the angle of attack adjustment. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an experimental device for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil provided by the present invention.
[0018] Figure label: 10. Experimental apparatus for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil by rotation; 100. Hydrofoil rotating base; 200. Hydrofoil; 300. Rotating shaft mechanism; 400. Electric adjustment module; 410. Adjustment knob; 420. Electrical / signal interface; 500. Connecting bracket; 600. Rotary table fixing base; 610. First fixing plate; 620. Second fixing plate; 630. Third fixing plate. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0021] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0022] In embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0023] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.
[0024] The following is combined Figure 1The present invention provides a detailed description of an experimental device for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil through specific embodiments and application scenarios.
[0025] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, an experimental device 10 for adjusting the angle of attack rotation of a hydrofoil includes a hydrofoil rotation base 100, a hydrofoil 200, a rotation shaft mechanism 300, an electric adjustment module 400, and a sensor module. One end of the hydrofoil 200 along its own axis is connected to the hydrofoil rotation base 100, and the hydrofoil 200 and the hydrofoil rotation base 100 are coaxially arranged. The other end of the hydrofoil 200 is a free end and extends in a direction away from the hydrofoil rotation base 100. One end of the rotation shaft mechanism 300 is connected to the side of the hydrofoil rotation base 100 away from the hydrofoil 200, and the rotation shaft mechanism 300 and the hydrofoil rotation base 100 are coaxially arranged. The electric adjustment module 400... The other end of the rotating shaft mechanism 300, which is opposite to the hydrofoil rotating base 100, is connected to the rotating shaft mechanism 300 via a coupling. The electric adjustment module 400 is used to drive the rotating shaft mechanism 300 to rotate the hydrofoil 200. The electric adjustment module 400 includes a manual adjustment mode and an electric automatic adjustment mode. The manual adjustment mode is used to fine-tune the angle of attack of the hydrofoil 200 manually, and the electric automatic adjustment mode is used to automatically adjust the angle of attack of the hydrofoil 200 according to the input target angle of attack value. The sensor module is located inside the hydrofoil rotating base 100 and is closely attached to the hydrofoil 200. The sensor module is used to measure the vibration of the hydrofoil 200 and the lift and drag on its surface.
[0026] The hydrofoil rotation base 100 is used to mount and position the hydrofoil 200, ensuring its stability during experiments. The hydrofoil 200 is coaxially mounted with the hydrofoil rotation base 100, ensuring precise axial alignment during rotation and reducing errors caused by eccentricity. The hydrofoil rotation base 100 provides mechanical support for the hydrofoil 200, ensuring it can withstand hydrodynamic loads during experiments.
[0027] Hydrofoil 200 is used to study its hydrodynamic performance at different angles of attack. The other end of hydrofoil 200 is a free end, which extends in a direction away from the hydrofoil rotating base 100, allowing hydrofoil 200 to respond freely in the flow field, which facilitates the measurement of its vibration and hydrodynamic loads.
[0028] One end of the rotating shaft mechanism 300 is connected to the side of the hydrofoil rotating base 100 opposite to the hydrofoil 200, and the other end is connected to the electric adjustment module 400 via a coupling. This mechanism transmits power from the electric adjustment module 400 to the hydrofoil rotating base 100, thereby driving the hydrofoil 200 to rotate. The rotating shaft mechanism 300 is coaxially arranged with the hydrofoil rotating base 100 to ensure the accuracy and stability of the rotational motion and reduce vibration and errors caused by eccentricity.
[0029] The electric adjustment module 400 is connected to the rotating shaft mechanism 300 via a coupling, and is used to drive the rotating shaft mechanism 300 to rotate the hydrofoil 200 to achieve the adjustment of the angle of attack.
[0030] The manual adjustment mode provides manual adjustment functionality, allowing operators to make fine adjustments via manual knobs, suitable for situations requiring precise adjustments.
[0031] The electric automatic adjustment mode automatically adjusts the hydrofoil to a 200° angle of attack based on the input target angle of attack value, reducing manual intervention and improving adjustment efficiency and accuracy.
[0032] The electric regulating module 400 has an electrical / signal interface 420, and the power supply port supplies power to the motor and control board; the sensor signal is led out through a waterproof terminal to avoid underwater electrochemical corrosion and electromagnetic crosstalk.
[0033] After assembly, the sensitivity of the bridge is calibrated using known loads, and the zero angle of attack is benchmarked and repeated using angle coding.
[0034] The sensor module is housed within the hydrofoil's rotating base 100, closely fitted to the hydrofoil 200. It measures the vibration response of the hydrofoil 200, providing vibration data. The sensor module also measures the lift and drag on the hydrofoil 200 surface, providing hydrodynamic load data. A highly fitted, rigid connection ensures the accuracy and repeatability of vibration and lift / drag conversion measurements, improving the accuracy of experimental data. The sensor module outputs vibration / strain signals in real time. Combined with an external data acquisition unit, it can simultaneously obtain the dynamic response required for lift and drag conversion, providing a basis for hydrodynamic performance evaluation and modal and load analysis.
[0035] In some embodiments, an experimental device 10 for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil further includes a connecting bracket 500, which is disposed between the electric adjustment module 400 and the rotating shaft mechanism 300.
[0036] In some embodiments, the hydrofoil 200 base rotation, sensor pressure plate, and rotating shaft mechanism 300 flange are connected by multi-point precision screws / bolts, preferably using anti-loosening adhesive, spring washers, or wedge-shaped anti-loosening gaskets. O-rings and liquid seals are provided at key mating surfaces to ensure reliable sealing under long-term immersion conditions.
[0037] The electric adjustment module 400 of this application is directly connected to the rotating shaft mechanism 300 via a coupling. The rotating shaft mechanism 300 is coaxially fixed to the hydrofoil rotating base 100, and the hydrofoil 200 is coaxially connected to the base, forming a rigid transmission chain of "electric adjustment module 400 → rotating shaft mechanism 300 → hydrofoil rotating base 100 → hydrofoil 200". The electric adjustment module 400 has a manual adjustment mode and an electric automatic adjustment mode. The manual adjustment mode can be used for fine-tuning the angle of attack of the hydrofoil 200, while the electric automatic adjustment mode can automatically adjust according to the target angle of attack value. During the experimental preparation and testing phases, there is no need to rely entirely on frequent and complex manual adjustments of the hydrofoil 200's angle of attack as in traditional methods. The electric automatic adjustment mode can quickly and accurately complete most of the adjustment work, while the manual adjustment mode is only used for fine-tuning, greatly reducing the workload during the experimental preparation and testing phases. Furthermore, the hydrofoil 200 is coaxially set with the base and rotating shaft, eliminating additional eccentricity errors during transmission and further ensuring the accuracy of the angle of attack adjustment.
[0038] In some embodiments, according to the experimental device 10 for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil provided by the present invention, the hydrofoil rotating base 100 has an internal mounting cavity, and the hydrofoil rotating base 100 has a plurality of connecting through holes at one end near the hydrofoil 200. The connecting through holes communicate with the mounting cavity, and the probe of the sensor module extends out of the connecting through holes and is tightly fitted to the hydrofoil 200.
[0039] Understandably, the mounting cavity provides a dedicated area for the sensor module, allowing it to be securely installed inside the hydrofoil rotating base 100. This built-in mounting method effectively protects the sensor, preventing direct interference and damage from external environmental factors (such as impacts, dust, and moisture), thus helping to extend the sensor's lifespan and ensure its measurement accuracy and stability.
[0040] The mounting cavity allows for convenient wiring connections and arrangements between the sensor module and external data acquisition and processing systems. The wiring can be organized and secured within the cavity, reducing clutter and tangling, lowering the probability of wiring failures, and making the entire experimental setup more organized and easier to maintain and manage.
[0041] The connecting through hole provides a channel for the probe of the sensor module to extend, allowing the probe to overcome the physical limitations of the hydrofoil rotating base 100 and directly contact the hydrofoil 200.
[0042] The number of connecting through holes can be flexibly selected according to actual experimental needs, allowing for flexible selection of the probe's extension position and number. Different experiments may have different requirements for parameter measurement at different parts of the hydrofoil 200. Through multiple connecting through holes, probes can be placed at key locations on the hydrofoil 200, such as the leading edge, trailing edge, and middle of the airfoil, thereby comprehensively and accurately obtaining hydrodynamic characteristic data of the hydrofoil 200 at different locations, providing richer information for in-depth research on the hydrofoil 200's performance.
[0043] In some embodiments, the sensor module includes an accelerometer and a strain gauge bridge. The accelerometer is installed in the mounting cavity, and its probe is connected to the hydrofoil 200 via a connecting through hole. The accelerometer is used to collect real-time vibration signals of the hydrofoil 200 during the experiment. The strain gauge bridge is installed in the mounting cavity, and its strain gauges are connected to the hydrofoil 200 via connecting through holes. The strain gauge bridge is used to output bending and torsional response signals of the hydrofoil 200.
[0044] Understandably, by using a built-in strain gauge bridge to output the bending and torsional response signals of the hydrofoil 200, and an acceleration sensor to collect vibration signals, the dynamic response required for lift and drag conversion can be obtained simultaneously with an external data acquisition device, providing a basis for hydrodynamic performance evaluation and modal and load analysis.
[0045] Installing the accelerometer within the mounting cavity provides a relatively stable environment less susceptible to external interference. The cavity also offers some protection, preventing damage from external factors such as dust and impacts, ensuring the sensor operates normally during experiments, and improving the accuracy and reliability of data acquisition.
[0046] The connecting through-hole establishes a physical connection channel between the accelerometer probe and the hydrofoil 200, allowing the probe to directly contact or approach the hydrofoil 200. This enables accurate and real-time acquisition of the hydrofoil 200's vibration signals during the experiment. This ensures a close connection between the sensor and the object under test, guaranteeing that the acquired signals accurately reflect the hydrofoil 200's vibration and providing accurate data support for subsequent analysis of its vibration characteristics.
[0047] Similar to accelerometers, mounting the strain gauge bridge inside the mounting cavity provides a relatively stable and safe working environment, reducing interference and damage from external factors and ensuring its normal operation and accurate signal output.
[0048] The strain gauge is a key component of the strain gauge bridge. Connected to the hydrofoil 200 via a connecting hole, it directly senses the strain generated during the hydrofoil 200's angle-of-attack rotation adjustment (i.e., the shape change of an object under force). When the hydrofoil 200 bends or twists, the strain gauge deforms accordingly, causing a change in its resistance value. The strain gauge bridge detects this resistance change and converts it into an electrical signal output, thereby accurately acquiring the bending and torsional response signals of the hydrofoil 200, providing data support for analyzing the mechanical properties and deformation of the hydrofoil 200.
[0049] In some embodiments, an experimental apparatus 10 for adjusting the angle of attack rotation of a hydrofoil further includes a sensor plate, which is installed in the mounting cavity and is used to press the acceleration sensor and strain gauge bridge onto the hydrofoil 200.
[0050] Understandably, the accelerometer and strain gauge bridge need to be in close contact with the hydrofoil 200 to accurately acquire its vibration signals and bending and torsional response signals. The sensor clamping plate, installed within the mounting cavity, presses these two sensors firmly against the hydrofoil 200, ensuring a consistently good contact between the sensor probes and the hydrofoil 200 surface, reducing signal errors caused by poor contact. For example, during experiments, the hydrofoil 200 vibrates and deforms due to fluid forces and its own rotational motion. Without the clamping effect of the sensor clamping plate, the sensor probes might experience relative displacement or gaps with the hydrofoil 200 surface, resulting in inaccurate signals that fail to accurately reflect the actual state of the hydrofoil 200. The sensor clamping plate effectively prevents this from happening, improving the accuracy and reliability of data acquisition.
[0051] In some embodiments, the electric adjustment module 400 further includes a control module, which integrates a PID control algorithm and is configured with a soft limit protection unit and a hard limit protection unit to form a dual protection mechanism. The control module can receive the target angle of attack signal from the outside and drive the actuator to act based on the PID control algorithm to achieve automatic positioning control of the angle of attack.
[0052] Understandably, PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control is a mature and widely used control strategy. During the angle-of-attack adjustment of the hydrofoil 200, it can automatically adjust the actuator's action based on the deviation between the target angle of attack and the actual angle of attack. The proportional term can quickly respond to the deviation, causing the actuator to move in the direction that reduces the deviation; the integral term can eliminate the system's steady-state error, ensuring that the actual angle of attack ultimately reaches the target value precisely; the derivative term can predict the trend of deviation changes and adjust the actuator's action in advance, avoiding overshoot and oscillation. Through the synergistic effect of these three terms, the PID control algorithm can achieve precise and stable control of the hydrofoil 200's angle of attack, meeting the stringent requirements of the experiment for angle-of-attack adjustment accuracy.
[0053] The soft limit protection unit sets the safe range of the angle of attack via software. When the target angle of attack signal received by the control module or the actual angle of attack approaches the set safe upper or lower limit, the soft limit protection unit will issue a warning signal and restrict further action of the actuator to prevent the angle of attack from exceeding the safe range.
[0054] The hard limit protection unit is a physical limit device installed on the mechanical structure of the experimental apparatus. When the angle of attack actually exceeds the soft limit range due to software failure, actuator malfunction, or other reasons, the hard limit protection unit will forcibly limit the rotation of the hydrofoil 200 by mechanical blocking, preventing the angle of attack from increasing or decreasing further, thus playing a final physical protection role.
[0055] The control module can receive the target angle of attack signal from an external input, which is a prerequisite for achieving automatic positioning control. By combining with a PID control algorithm, the control module can precisely drive the actuator based on the deviation between the target angle of attack and the actual angle of attack, automatically adjusting the angle of attack of the hydrofoil 200 to the target value. This automatic positioning control method greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of the experiment, reducing errors and labor intensity caused by manual operation.
[0056] Reference Figure 1 According to the experimental device 10 for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil provided by the present invention, the electric adjustment module 400 includes an adjustment knob 410. An angle scale ring is provided on the axial outer peripheral side of the adjustment knob 410. The angle scale ring is used for reading the angle of attack. The minimum readable scale of the angle scale ring is 0.1°. The outer wall surface of the adjustment knob 410 is provided with anti-slip texture. The adjustment knob 410 also includes a locking mechanism, which is used to lock the adjustment knob 410 after manual adjustment is completed to prevent the angle of attack from drifting during the test.
[0057] Understandably, the angle scale ring provides an intuitive reference for reading the angle of attack, and the readable scale of 0.1° meets the high-precision requirements of manual fine-tuning, allowing experimenters to accurately control the adjustment range; combined with the manual adjustment mode, it enables visual fine-tuning of the angle of attack, facilitating rapid calibration of the target angle and improving the accuracy and repeatability of manual adjustment.
[0058] When manually adjusting the adjustment knob 410, the anti-slip texture increases the friction between the hand and the outer surface of the knob. This prevents inaccurate or unsmooth adjustments due to slipping, ensuring smooth and accurate adjustment operation.
[0059] After manually adjusting the angle of attack of the hydrofoil 200, the locking mechanism secures the adjustment knob 410 to its current position. During the experiment, various factors (such as equipment vibration and external interference) may cause the adjustment knob 410 to rotate unexpectedly, leading to a change in the angle of attack of the hydrofoil 200 (angle of attack drift). The locking mechanism effectively prevents this from happening, ensuring that the hydrofoil 200 maintains the set angle of attack during the experiment, thereby guaranteeing the consistency and stability of the experimental conditions and ensuring that the experimental results truly reflect the performance of the hydrofoil 200 at that specific angle of attack.
[0060] In some embodiments, the sensor platen includes a shielding layer and an insulating pad layer, which are sequentially wrapped around the outside of the sensor platen body from the inside out.
[0061] Understandably, the shielding layer primarily serves to shield against external electromagnetic interference. During the hydrofoil 200° angle-of-attack rotation adjustment experiment, various electromagnetic signals may exist in the surrounding environment, such as electromagnetic radiation generated by nearby electronic equipment. This electromagnetic interference may interfere with the sensor signals connected to the sensor pressure plate, affecting the accuracy and stability of the sensor measurement data. The shielding layer can effectively block or weaken these external electromagnetic interferences, ensuring that the signals received and transmitted by the sensor accurately reflect the relevant parameters of the hydrofoil 200° angle-of-attack rotation adjustment, thus improving the reliability of the experimental data.
[0062] The insulating pad serves to provide insulation. Firstly, it prevents the sensor plate from becoming electrically connected to other potentially live components or the environment, avoiding damage to the experimental equipment due to leakage and ensuring its safe operation. Secondly, when the experimental setup involves electrical signal transmission and processing, the insulating pad prevents accidental current flow between different circuits or between a circuit and the external environment, reducing signal interference and short-circuit risks, ensuring the normal operation of the electrical system during the experiment, and thus guaranteeing the smooth progress of the entire hydrofoil 200° angle-of-attack rotation adjustment experiment.
[0063] Reference Figure 1According to the experimental device 10 for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil provided by the present invention, a slot is provided on the end face of the hydrofoil rotating base 100 away from the rotating shaft mechanism 300. The slot extends radially outward from the center of the end face of the hydrofoil rotating base 100. A snap-fit boss is provided at the end of the hydrofoil 200. The hydrofoil 200 and the hydrofoil rotating base 100 are engaged and connected by the snap-fit boss and the slot.
[0064] Understandably, the slot extends radially along the center of the base end face, and the engaging boss precisely engages with the slot, forcibly constraining the circumferential and radial displacement of the hydrofoil 200. This ensures the coaxiality of the hydrofoil 200 with the rotating base and the rotating shaft mechanism 300, avoiding angular errors caused by eccentricity during angle of attack adjustment and improving adjustment accuracy.
[0065] The snap-fit connection eliminates the need for complex fastener assembly and disassembly; initial fixation is achieved simply by aligning the snap-fit protrusion of the hydrofoil 200 with the slot, significantly reducing experimental preparation time. Furthermore, it reduces the difficulty of assembling and disassembling the hydrofoil 200, facilitating the replacement of different types of hydrofoils or maintenance during experiments, thus improving the versatility and operational efficiency of the device. Simultaneously, the large contact area of the snap-fit structure effectively transmits the driving force of the rotating shaft mechanism 300, ensuring synchronous rotation of the hydrofoil 200 and preventing relative slippage. Under dynamic conditions such as water flow impact and vibration, the snap-fit connection provides reliable constraint, preventing the hydrofoil 200 from loosening or shifting, ensuring the stability of the experimental process and the continuity of data acquisition.
[0066] Reference Figure 1 According to the present invention, an experimental device 10 for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil also includes a rotating table base 600, which is connected to an electric adjustment module 400. The rotating table base 600 is used to connect and fix the electric adjustment module 400 to an external component so as to fix the experimental device 10 for adjusting the angle of attack of the hydrofoil in a preset experimental position.
[0067] Understandably, the rotary table mounting base 600 serves as an intermediate connecting component, tightly connecting the electric adjustment module 400 to the external components. In the experimental setup, the electric adjustment module 400 is the core power and control component for achieving the angle-of-attack rotational adjustment of the hydrofoil 200, while the external components may be the experimental platform, support structure, etc. The rotary table mounting base 600, through specific connection methods (such as bolt connections, snap-fit connections, etc.), allows the electric adjustment module 400 to be securely integrated into the entire experimental system, ensuring coordinated operation between all parts and providing a structural foundation for the realization of the hydrofoil 200's angle-of-attack adjustment function.
[0068] Reference Figure 1According to the present invention, an experimental device 10 for adjusting the angle of attack of a hydrofoil includes a rotating platform base 600 comprising a first fixing plate 610, a second fixing plate 620, and a third fixing plate 630. The first fixing plate 610 and the third fixing plate 630 are respectively connected to opposite ends of the second fixing plate 620, and the first fixing plate 610 and the third fixing plate 630 are bent toward the same side. An installation position is formed between the first fixing plate 610, the second fixing plate 620, and the third fixing plate 630. An electric adjustment module 400 is disposed on the installation position and is connected and fixed to the second fixing plate 620.
[0069] Understandably, by bending and enclosing the first fixing plate 610, the second fixing plate 620 and the third fixing plate 630, a "U-shaped" or "groove-shaped" mounting position with a certain rigidity is formed, providing a three-sided limiting space for the electric adjustment module 400, restricting its displacement in the horizontal and vertical directions, and enhancing the fixing stability.
[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. An experimental device for angle-of-attack rotation adjustment of hydrofoils, characterized in that, include: Hydrofoil rotating base; The hydrofoil has one end connected to the hydrofoil rotating base along its own axis, and the hydrofoil and the hydrofoil rotating base are coaxially arranged. The other end of the hydrofoil is a free end and extends in a direction away from the hydrofoil rotating base. A rotating shaft mechanism, one end of which is connected to the side of the hydrofoil rotating base away from the hydrofoil, and the rotating shaft mechanism and the hydrofoil rotating base are coaxially arranged. An electric adjustment module is connected to the other end of the rotating shaft mechanism away from the hydrofoil rotating base via a coupling. The electric adjustment module is used to drive the rotating shaft mechanism to rotate the hydrofoil. The electric adjustment module includes a manual adjustment mode and an electric automatic adjustment mode. The manual adjustment mode is used to fine-tune the hydrofoil's angle of attack manually, and the electric automatic adjustment mode is used to automatically adjust the hydrofoil's angle of attack according to the input target angle of attack value. A sensor module is disposed inside the hydrofoil rotating base and is closely attached to the hydrofoil. The sensor module is used to measure the vibration of the hydrofoil and the lift and drag of its surface.
2. The experimental apparatus for angle-of-attack rotation adjustment of a hydrofoil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrofoil rotating base has an internal mounting cavity, and the end of the hydrofoil rotating base near the hydrofoil has multiple connecting through holes. The connecting through holes communicate with the mounting cavity, and the probe of the sensor module extends out of the connecting through holes and is tightly fitted to the hydrofoil.
3. The experimental apparatus for angle-of-attack rotation adjustment of a hydrofoil according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensor module includes: An accelerometer is installed inside the mounting cavity. The probe of the accelerometer is connected to the hydrofoil via the connecting through hole. The accelerometer is used to collect real-time vibration signals of the hydrofoil during the experiment. A strain gauge bridge is installed in the mounting cavity, and the strain gauges of the strain gauge bridge are connected to the hydrofoil via the connecting through hole. The strain gauge bridge is used to output the bending and torsional response signals of the hydrofoil.
4. The experimental apparatus for angle-of-attack rotation adjustment of a hydrofoil according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a sensor plate, which is installed in the mounting cavity and is used to press the acceleration sensor and the strain gauge bridge onto the hydrofoil.
5. The experimental apparatus for angle-of-attack rotation adjustment of hydrofoils according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric adjustment module also includes a control module, which integrates a PID control algorithm and is equipped with a soft limit protection unit and a hard limit protection unit to form a dual protection mechanism. The control module can receive the target angle of attack signal from the outside and drive the actuator to act based on the PID control algorithm to achieve automatic positioning control of the angle of attack.
6. The experimental apparatus for angle-of-attack rotation adjustment of a hydrofoil according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electric adjustment module includes an adjustment knob, and an angle scale ring is provided on the axial outer circumference side of the adjustment knob. The angle scale ring is used for reading the angle of attack, and the smallest readable scale of the angle scale ring is 0.1°. The outer wall surface of the adjustment knob is provided with anti-slip texture; The adjustment knob also includes a locking mechanism, which is used to lock the adjustment knob after manual adjustment is completed to prevent angle of attack drift during the test.
7. The experimental apparatus for angle-of-attack rotation adjustment of hydrofoils according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sensor pressing plate comprises a shielding layer and an insulating pad layer, which are wrapped outside the sensor pressing plate body from inside to outside.
8. The experimental apparatus for angle-of-attack rotation adjustment of a hydrofoil according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, An end face of the water wing rotating base away from the rotating shaft mechanism is provided with a clamping groove, the clamping groove is arranged extending from the center of the end face of the water wing rotating base to the outer periphery, the end of the water wing is provided with a clamping boss, and the water wing and the water wing rotating base are connected through the clamping boss and the clamping groove.
9. The experimental apparatus for angle-of-attack rotation adjustment of a hydrofoil according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Further comprising a rotating table fixing seat, the rotating table fixing seat is connected with the electric adjusting module, the rotating table fixing seat is used for connecting and fixing the electric adjusting module with external components, so as to fix the experimental device of the water wing attack angle rotating adjustment at a preset experimental position.
10. The experimental apparatus for angle-of-attack rotation adjustment of a hydrofoil according to claim 9, characterized in that, The rotating table fixing seat comprises a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate and a third fixing plate, the first fixing plate and the third fixing plate are respectively connected to the opposite two ends of the second fixing plate, and the first fixing plate and the third fixing plate are bent towards the same side, an installation position is formed between the first fixing plate, the second fixing plate and the third fixing plate, the electric adjusting module is arranged on the installation position and is connected and fixed with the second fixing plate.