A method and device for identifying the status of station-end relay protection pressure plate

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of relay protection technology and discloses a method and device for identifying the status of a station-end relay protection pressure plate. By measuring the geometric parameters of the pressure plate and setting a virtual baseline, a miniature optical signal transmitting unit (single transmitter or coded transmitter array) and a receiving unit are deployed on the baseline. For a single transmitter scenario, the basic status of the pressure plate is identified by whether the beam is reflected. For a coded transmitter array, a grouped timing transmission strategy is used to obtain multi-dimensional features of the reflected optical signal. After fidelity verification, encoding decoding mapping, and vector calibration, the rotation angle of the pressure plate is determined, achieving multi-level status determination. This invention solves the technical bottlenecks of poor real-time performance, high image processing costs, and complex maintenance of traditional manual inspections and magnetic methods through non-contact photoelectric detection technology, achieving high-precision, real-time, and stable monitoring of the pressure plate status.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of relay protection technology, and more specifically, to a method and device for identifying the status of a station-end relay protection pressure plate. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of power system relay protection, the switchboard, as a critical human-machine interface, is essential for ensuring the safe operation of the power grid through accurate monitoring of its on / off status. Current technologies primarily rely on manual inspection and verification, which suffers from poor real-time performance and low reliability. Although research has attempted to achieve status recognition through technologies such as image processing and magnetic sensing, numerous technical bottlenecks remain in practical engineering applications.

[0003] Chinese patent application CN106971182A discloses an intelligent identification device and implementation method for the on / off status of embedded power relay voltage plates. This technical solution employs image acquisition and processing technology, acquiring images of the voltage plate through a camera, and after noise reduction, smoothing, and uniform illumination processing, using a trained voltage plate detector to identify the voltage plate position and determine its status. Chinese patent application CN120088796A discloses a method for detecting the on / off status of protection voltage plates based on an OCR model to identify voltage plate names. This method generates target candidate boxes through image processing, combines color features, spatial features, and an XGBoost model for status determination, and simultaneously uses an OCR neural network to identify the voltage plate name. Chinese patent application CN112737108A discloses an online monitoring system and method for the status of substation voltage plates. This technology uses a module-triggered sensor installed on the voltage plate, and transmits the voltage plate status to the acquisition module via LIN bus communication.

[0004] However, existing technologies have not yet resolved the contradiction between non-contact detection and adaptability to confined spaces in pressure plate status monitoring. For example, in existing technologies CN106971182A and CN120088796A, although the image processing scheme can achieve non-contact detection, it relies on cameras and complex algorithms. However, the pressure plate housing is small and subject to strong electromagnetic interference, which limits equipment installation and makes the signal susceptible to interference. The magnetic sensing scheme in existing technology CN112737108A has a simple structure, but the module fixation relies on adhesive. Over long-term operation, adhesive aging will cause sensor inaccuracy, and it cannot dynamically adapt to changes in the pressure plate rotation angle. Furthermore, when the pressure plate is in a transitional state (such as partial obstruction or tilt angle between insertion and withdrawal), existing technologies lack the ability to accurately quantify the rotation angle, resulting in a binary limitation in state determination and an inability to capture the continuous characteristics of the pressure plate movement process. This defect is particularly prominent under the high reliability requirements of power systems: if the pressure plate is stuck in the middle position due to mechanical failure, the existing technology may misjudge it as a normal state, thereby masking the potential risk of protection failure, which may eventually lead to relay protection maloperation or failure to operate, affecting the safety of the power grid. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and device for identifying the status of a station-end relay protection pressure plate. By measuring the geometric parameters of the pressure plate to establish a virtual baseline, and deploying miniature optical signal transmitting and receiving units, it achieves non-contact monitoring of the pressure plate through two modes: basic status identification with a single transmitter (binary judgment of on / off state) and progressive processing with an coded transmitter array (rotation angle quantization + multi-level status judgment). This effectively solves the problems of high cost and difficult installation of existing image processing solutions and cumbersome maintenance of contact sensing solutions, improving monitoring accuracy and real-time performance. Through multi-dimensional fidelity verification, encoding decoding mapping, and vector continuity calibration of the coded optical signal reflection data, this invention can accurately quantify the pressure plate rotation angle, achieving full status coverage from "on-off" to "transition-off." It also possesses transmitter fault self-diagnosis capabilities, further ensuring the reliability of pressure plate status monitoring and providing technical support for the safe operation of power grid relay protection.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for identifying the status of a station-end relay protection switchboard includes:

[0008] Measure the geometric parameters of the pressure plate and set a virtual baseline based on the geometric parameters of the pressure plate; install a miniature optical signal transmitting unit and a miniature optical signal receiving unit on the virtual baseline, wherein the miniature optical signal transmitting unit is a single miniature optical signal transmitter or an array of miniature coded optical signal transmitters composed of n miniature coded optical signal transmitters;

[0009] If the miniature optical signal transmitting unit is a single miniature optical signal transmitter, then a single beam of light is projected through the miniature optical signal transmitter to identify the condition of the pressure plate foundation:

[0010] If the micro-optical signal transmitting unit is a micro-coded optical signal transmitting array composed of n micro-coded optical signal transmitters, it transmits coded optical signals using a grouped timing transmission strategy. The reflected optical signals of the coded optical signals are received by the micro-optical signal receiving unit, generating multi-dimensional raw signal data containing signal strength, phase characteristics, and spectral characteristics. The multi-dimensional raw signal data is then subjected to progressive processing of multi-dimensional fidelity verification, encoding and decoding mapping, and vector continuity calibration to determine the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate. Based on the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate, multi-level state determination is performed on the pressure plate.

[0011] The method of identifying the foundation condition of the pressure plate by projecting a single beam of light through a miniature optical signal transmitter is as follows:

[0012] If the miniature optical signal receiving unit receives the reflected light signal of a single beam, it determines that the pressure plate is in the off state; otherwise, it is in the on state.

[0013] The packet timing transmission strategy is as follows: divide the n micro-coded optical signal transmitters in the micro-coded optical signal transmitter array into k transmission groups, each transmission group contains 3 adjacent micro-coded optical signal transmitters, set the transmission order of the transmission groups and the interval time between the groups; and execute the packet timing coded optical signal transmission according to the set transmission order and the interval time between the groups.

[0014] The progressive processing of multi-dimensional raw signal data, including multi-dimensional fidelity verification, encoding / decoding / mapping, and vector continuity calibration, includes:

[0015] Perform quality assessment on multi-dimensional raw signal data and calculate the signal quality score for each received reflected light signal.

[0016] Decode the reflected light signal whose signal quality score is greater than a preset quality threshold to generate the current reception state vector;

[0017] Perform a continuity check on the current receive state vector to obtain a transmitter fault candidate set. Correct the current receive state vector based on the transmitter fault candidate set and output the corrected receive state vector.

[0018] The method for determining the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate includes:

[0019] Collect the original receiving state vectors at different rotation angles of the pressure plate, associate the rotation angle of the pressure plate with the corresponding original receiving state vectors, and establish a set of angle-receiving vector mapping relationships;

[0020] Based on the corrected received state vector and the set of angle-received vector mapping relationships, the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate is obtained.

[0021] The method for quality assessment of multi-dimensional raw signal data includes:

[0022] The signal intensity quantization value is obtained based on the signal intensity of the reflected light signal in the multi-dimensional original signal data;

[0023] Based on the phase characteristics, the phase quantization value is obtained; based on the spectral characteristics, the spectral quantization value is obtained.

[0024] The signal quality score of each reflected light signal is obtained by weighted summing of the signal strength quantization value, phase quantization value, and spectrum quantization value.

[0025] The spectral characteristics include the dominant frequency and bandwidth;

[0026] The method for obtaining spectral quantization values ​​based on spectral characteristics includes:

[0027] The frequency matching degree and bandwidth ratio are calculated based on the frequency and bandwidth in the spectrum characteristics. The frequency matching degree and bandwidth ratio are multiplied to obtain the spectrum quantization value.

[0028] The method for generating the current received state vector includes:

[0029] The reflected light signal with a signal quality score greater than a preset quality threshold is extracted as a high-quality reflected light signal;

[0030] Assign a unique code to each micro-coded optical signal transmitter in the micro-coded optical signal transmitter array and establish a code mapping table; the code mapping table contains n code elements;

[0031] Based on the encoding method recorded in the encoding mapping table, the corresponding decoding algorithm is executed on the high-quality reflected light signal to obtain the decoding result;

[0032] The decoding results are matched with the encoded elements in the encoding mapping table. Based on the matching results, the association between each high-quality reflected light signal and the corresponding miniature encoded light signal transmitter is established.

[0033] An empty vector of length n is initialized. Based on the correlation between the high-quality reflected light signal and the corresponding micro-coded light signal transmitter, the empty vector is assigned a value. After the assignment is completed, a current reception state vector containing n elements is generated.

[0034] The method for assigning values ​​to the empty vector is as follows: if the i-th micro-coded optical signal transmitter has been confirmed to have a corresponding high-quality reflected optical signal through the association relationship, then the element at the i-th position of the empty vector is assigned a value of 1; if the i-th micro-coded optical signal transmitter has been confirmed to not have a corresponding high-quality reflected optical signal through the association relationship, then the element at the i-th position of the empty vector is assigned a value of 0; where i is the serial number of the micro-coded optical signal transmitter.

[0035] The method for performing a continuity check on the current received state vector includes:

[0036] Scan the current reception state vector. When an interruption is detected in the sequence of elements with 1 in the current reception state vector, add the micro-coded optical signal transmitter corresponding to the interruption position to the transmitter failure candidate set.

[0037] The method for correcting the current received state vector includes:

[0038] Retrieve the historical reception success rate of each miniature coded optical signal transmitter in the transmitter fault candidate set during historical detection;

[0039] When the historical reception success rate of the micro-coded optical signal transmitter in the transmitter fault candidate set is less than the preset fault determination threshold, the micro-coded optical signal transmitter is confirmed as a fault transmitter, and the element at the corresponding position of the fault transmitter in the current reception state vector is compensated to 1.

[0040] When the historical reception success rate of the micro-coded optical signal transmitter in the transmitter fault candidate set is greater than or equal to the fault determination threshold, it is determined to be a temporary blockage, and the element at the corresponding position in the current reception state vector is kept as 0.

[0041] A station-end relay protection switch status identification device is used to implement the above-mentioned station-end relay protection switch status identification method. The device includes:

[0042] Optoelectronic device deployment module: used to measure the geometric parameters of the pressure plate and set a virtual baseline based on the geometric parameters of the pressure plate; install a miniature optical signal transmitting unit and a miniature optical signal receiving unit on the virtual baseline, wherein the miniature optical signal transmitting unit is a single miniature optical signal transmitter or an array of miniature coded optical signal transmitters composed of n miniature coded optical signal transmitters;

[0043] Basic status identification module: If the micro optical signal transmitting unit is a single micro optical signal transmitter, then a single beam of light is projected through the micro optical signal transmitter to identify the basic status of the pressure plate.

[0044] Multi-level state determination module: If the micro optical signal transmitting unit is a micro coded optical signal transmitting array composed of n micro coded optical signal transmitters, it transmits coded optical signals using a grouped timing transmission strategy. The reflected optical signals of the coded optical signals are received by the micro optical signal receiving unit, generating multi-dimensional raw signal data containing signal strength, phase characteristics, and spectral characteristics. The multi-dimensional raw signal data is subjected to progressive processing of multi-dimensional fidelity verification, encoding and decoding mapping, and vector continuity calibration to determine the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate. Based on the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate, multi-level state determination is performed on the pressure plate.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0046] This invention utilizes a non-contact photoelectric detection method, inheriting the core advantages of non-contact detection while comprehensively avoiding the shortcomings of existing technologies. Specifically, by measuring the geometric parameters of the pressure plate and setting a virtual baseline, precise spatial positioning data can be provided for the miniature optical signal transmitting and receiving units in this invention. This effectively solves the installation problem of photoelectric devices caused by the small size of the pressure plate enclosure. Compared with image processing methods, it does not require high equipment costs and complex camera layouts, making it easier to implement in engineering projects. The miniature optical signal transmitting unit of this invention supports two options: a single miniature optical signal transmitter and an array composed of n miniature coded optical signal transmitters. A single transmitter can complete the basic state identification of the pressure plate by projecting a single beam, simplifying the system structure and reducing deployment costs. The array transmitter can transmit coded optical signals through a grouped timing transmission strategy. Combined with the multi-dimensional raw signal data containing signal strength, phase characteristics, and spectral characteristics generated by the miniature optical signal receiving unit, the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate is determined after progressive processing, achieving multi-level state judgment. This effectively avoids the problems of poor real-time performance and low reliability of manual inspection. Meanwhile, the entire solution does not rely on adhesive for fixation, completely avoiding the drawbacks of magnetic attraction methods such as easy aging of adhesive, difficult installation, and high maintenance costs. Ultimately, it achieves an organic unity of practicality, accuracy, and economy in pressure plate status monitoring while ensuring the safe operation of the power grid. Attached Figure Description

[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0048] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the principle of a station-side relay protection pressure plate status identification method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the pressure plate in both engaged and disengaged states according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the infrared laser optical path when the pressure plate is in both the withdrawn and engaged states, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a method for calculating the signal quality score of a reflected light signal, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a three-level determination system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a functional module diagram of a station-side relay protection pressure plate status identification device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] Please see Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for identifying the status of a station-end relay protection circuit board, including:

[0057] Step S10: Measure the geometric parameters of the pressure plate and set a virtual baseline based on the geometric parameters of the pressure plate; install a miniature optical signal transmitting unit and a miniature optical signal receiving unit on the virtual baseline. The miniature optical signal transmitting unit is a single miniature optical signal transmitter or an array of miniature coded optical signal transmitters composed of n miniature coded optical signal transmitters.

[0058] The geometric parameters of the pressure plate include the pressure plate length L. plate Pressure plate width W plate and maximum rotation angle θ max ,like Figure 2 As shown, the pressure plate has a rectangular structure that is narrow at the top and bottom and long at the sides, and can rotate counterclockwise around its central axis. max The value range is determined by measuring the mechanical rotation limits of different models of pressure plates. When the pressure plate rotates counterclockwise by θ max At this time, it is in the "exit" state. The pressure plate rotation radius R rotation Defined as the length L of the pressure plate plateHalf of the virtual baseline, physically representing the radius of the trajectory of the bottom edge endpoint when the pressure plate rotates around its central axis, is the virtual reference line located below the pressure plate and parallel to its bottom edge when in a vertical "in-place" state. Establishing the virtual reference line requires first determining the projected position of the bottom edge of the pressure plate in a vertical state using mechanical positioning tools, and then marking the reference axis on the fixed base along the parallel direction of this projection. This reference line provides a spatial positioning reference for subsequent installation of optoelectronic devices. The vertical installation distance h between the virtual reference line and the bottom edge of the pressure plate is... install If too small, rotate the pressure plate to θ. max The bottom edge can easily block the transmitter, causing an interruption in the optical path; h install If the value is too large, the intensity of the reflected light signal will attenuate with increasing distance, affecting the recognition accuracy of the receiving unit. install It is necessary to ensure that the pressure plate is between 0 degrees and θ. max Within the entire rotation range, the optical signal can be effectively reflected to the receiving end, eliminating the detection blind zone caused by improper installation distance. This solves the shortcomings of existing magnetic attraction methods, which rely on adhesive fixation for installation position and are difficult to accurately match the optical path. For example, h install The value ranges from 0.3 to 0.5 times R. rotation .

[0059] The miniature optical signal transmitter employs a miniature infrared laser transmitter, leveraging the strong directionality and excellent resistance to ambient visible light interference of infrared lasers to accurately project a stable beam. Subsequently, the reflection of the infrared laser beam by the pressure plate provides a reliable optical signal source for pressure plate status determination. n miniature coded optical signal transmitters are evenly arranged along the right side of the virtual baseline, forming a miniature coded optical signal transmitter array. The value of n is determined by balancing detection accuracy and cost: too few transmitters result in insufficient coverage and signal gaps; too many increase circuit complexity and energy consumption; an exemplary range is 4 to 12. The miniature optical signal receiving unit consists of a photoelectric conversion module, a signal amplification module, and an intelligent decoding module. The photoelectric conversion module uses a high-sensitivity photodiode array instead of a single photodiode. This array structure matches the multi-channel signal reception requirements of the transmitter array, while improving the spatial resolution of signal acquisition, solving the problems of limited reception range and easy omission of local signals associated with traditional single-diode receivers. The signal amplification module amplifies the weak electrical signal output by the photoelectric conversion module, ensuring the signal strength reaches a level that the intelligent decoding module can accurately identify and analyze, thus avoiding identification errors or signal loss due to the original electrical signal being too weak. The core function of the intelligent decoding module is to match the parsing requirements of subsequent encoded signals. Its decoding algorithm reserves an interface corresponding to the encoding mapping table in step S31, laying the foundation for signal tracing in multi-transmitter scenarios.

[0060] Step S10, through geometric parameter-driven device layout design, partially solves the problems of difficult installation and positioning of optoelectronic devices and uneven coverage within a confined space. It provides a standardized hardware deployment framework for the entire detection system, enabling seamless switching between single transmitter and array transmitter schemes based on the same reference. Without this step, the installation of the miniature optical signal transmitting and receiving units would lack objective basis, potentially leading to problems such as mismatch between transmitter spacing and pressure plate size, and misalignment of the optical path and rotation trajectory, causing subsequent state recognition logic to fail.

[0061] Step S20: If the micro optical signal transmitting unit is a single micro optical signal transmitter, then a single beam of light is projected through the micro optical signal transmitter to identify the basic state of the pressure plate: if the micro optical signal receiving unit receives the reflected light signal of the single beam of light, then the pressure plate is determined to be in the exit state; otherwise, it is in the engagement state.

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, the projection direction of a single beam must be perpendicular to the virtual baseline and point towards the pressure plate. When the pressure plate is vertical (in the engaged state), the laser beam emitted by the micro-coded optical signal transmitter has no reflective objects, so the micro-optical signal receiving unit receives no reflected signal. When the pressure plate is tilted (out of the engaged state), the laser emitted by the micro-coded optical signal transmitter array is reflected by the pressure plate itself, and the micro-optical signal receiving unit receives the reflected signal. Step S20 addresses the shortcomings of existing manual inspection methods, such as poor real-time performance, high image processing costs, and cumbersome maintenance of magnetic methods. It adopts a minimalist optical structure to achieve state recognition, eliminating the need for complex image algorithms or adhesive mounting components, significantly reducing equipment costs and installation difficulty. By utilizing the mechanical characteristics of the pressure plate rotation and the correspondence between light path obstruction, state recognition is transformed into a binary judgment of "signal presence or absence," which is logically clear and has a rapid response, solving the recognition delay problem in complex scenarios in traditional methods. The solution in step S20 provides the system with basic state recognition capabilities, suitable for simple scenarios with low detection accuracy requirements, complementing the array detection solution in step S30 and expanding the system's application scope. If step S20 is missing, for cases where only binary state recognition is required, the system can only rely on complex array schemes, which increases the application cost and complexity in simple scenarios.

[0063] Step S30: If the micro optical signal transmitting unit is a micro coded optical signal transmitting array composed of n micro coded optical signal transmitters, the coded optical signal is transmitted using a grouped timing transmission strategy. The reflected optical signal of the coded optical signal is received by the micro optical signal receiving unit to generate multi-dimensional original signal data containing signal strength, phase characteristics, and spectral characteristics. The multi-dimensional original signal data is subjected to progressive processing of multi-dimensional fidelity verification, encoding and decoding mapping, and vector continuity calibration to determine the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate. Based on the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate, multi-level state determination is performed on the pressure plate.

[0064] Further, step S30 includes:

[0065] Step S31: Assign a unique code to each micro-coded optical signal transmitter in the micro-coded optical signal transmitter array and establish a coding mapping table; the coding mapping table contains n coding elements;

[0066] The unique code refers to the identification signal assigned to each miniature coded optical signal transmitter that is unique throughout the array. It can be in the form of binary sequence encoding, frequency encoding, or phase encoding, and its core feature is that it can be accurately distinguished by the intelligent decoding module of the miniature optical signal receiving unit. The encoding mapping table refers to the association data table that records the serial number of the miniature coded optical signal transmitter and its corresponding unique code. The encoding mapping table E contains e1 to e n There are n encoded elements in total, where e i This represents the encoded information of the i-th micro-coded optical signal transmitter.

[0067] The implementation process of step S31 is as follows: First, determine the encoding method. Based on the signal characteristics of the miniature infrared laser transmitter and the processing capability of the intelligent decoding module, binary sequence encoding is selected as the basic encoding method. Binary encoding has the characteristics of simple decoding logic and strong anti-interference capability, and can flexibly adapt to different numbers of transmitters by increasing the number of encoding bits. Second, allocate the encoding sequence. According to the arrangement order of the miniature encoded optical signal transmitters on the virtual baseline, they are numbered from 1 to n from left to right. Each transmitter is assigned a non-repeating binary code of length m. The encoding length m is determined based on satisfying "2 m The smallest integer ≥ n is used to ensure that the number of codes is sufficient to cover all transmitters and avoid code duplication; the third step is to construct the code mapping table E, which contains two columns of core information: one column is the serial number i of the micro-coded optical signal transmitter, 1≤i≤n, and the other column is the corresponding unique code e. i Simultaneously, it can supplement the encoded check bit information, used to verify signal integrity during decoding and reduce bit errors. For example, when n=4, it satisfies "2 m For the smallest m=2 of ≥4", the encoding mapping table can be constructed as shown in Table 1:

[0068] Table 1 Example Encoding Map Table

[0069] Miniature coded optical signal transmitter serial number i <![CDATA[Unique code e i (binary)]]> Parity bit (even parity) 1 00 0 2 01 1 3 10 1 4 11 0

[0070] In existing array-based photoelectric detection schemes, multiple transmitters often emit simultaneously, resulting in signal superposition at the receiving end that makes it impossible to distinguish the source. Only the presence or absence of the overall signal can be determined, failing to achieve precise positional correlation. While uncoded, time-sequential transmission can distinguish transmitters, it is inefficient and susceptible to environmental interference leading to signal misalignment. Step S31, by assigning a unique code and establishing a mapping table, directly solves the technical problem of "difficult signal source tracing," enabling each reflected signal to be associated with a specific transmitter through coding, laying the foundation for accurate signal source identification. Step S35 requires decoding the high-quality reflected light signal according to the coding mapping table. Without the coding assignment and mapping table construction in step S31, step S35 cannot match the decoding result with the specific micro-coded light signal transmitter, thus failing to generate an accurate current receiving state vector, leading to a break in the entire state identification logic. Meanwhile, the coding design in step S31 works in conjunction with the grouped timing transmission strategy in step S33: when signals from multiple miniature coded optical signal transmitters within the same group are superimposed at the receiver, the orthogonality of the unique coding ensures effective signal separation and avoids signal interference within the group. This synergistic effect significantly improves the accuracy of signal identification under complex reflection conditions. If the coding lacks orthogonality, even with grouped transmission, superimposed signals within the same group will still be indistinguishable due to similar coding, leading to decoding errors. The unique coding ensures the individual identification of the signal, solving the problem of "signal confusion" in existing array detection, enabling the receiver to accurately locate the source transmitter of each signal; the coding mapping table provides a standardized reference for the decoding process, avoiding random errors caused by the lack of a fixed mapping relationship in the decoding algorithm.

[0071] Step S32: Collect the original receiving state vectors under different rotation angles of the pressure plate, associate the rotation angle of the pressure plate with the corresponding original receiving state vectors, and establish a set of angle-receiving vector mapping relationships;

[0072] The original receive state vector refers to the vector containing n elements generated after the miniature optical signal receiving unit detects the reflected signals of each miniature coded optical signal transmitter at a certain rotation angle. When the value of the i-th element in the vector is 1, it indicates that the reflected signal of the i-th miniature coded optical signal transmitter has been detected, and when the value is 0, it indicates that the reflected signal of the transmitter has not been detected. The angle-receive vector mapping relationship set refers to the dataset composed of multiple rotation angle-original receive state vector mapping pairs, which is used to establish a quantitative correlation between rotation angle and signal distribution.

[0073] The implementation process of step S32 is as follows: The pressure plate is manually operated to the "engaged" state, that is, the vertical position, and the rotation angle θ = 0 degrees. At this time, according to the structural characteristics of the pressure plate, the laser emitted by the micro-coded optical signal transmitter array is non-reflective, and the micro-optical signal receiving unit does not detect any reflected signal. The reference receiving state vector R at this time is recorded. verticalAll its elements are 0; set the calibration angle interval δθ, the determination of δθ is based on the transition state subdivision requirements of the pressure plate, and it is necessary to ensure that the original received state vectors corresponding to adjacent angles have distinguishable differences. For example, the value range of δθ is 3 degrees to 8 degrees; with δθ as the step size, manually and slowly rotate the pressure plate counterclockwise, each time rotating to a calibration angle θ j θ j =j×δθ, where j is a positive integer and is the index variable for the calibration angle, recording the current calibration angle θ. j and the corresponding original received state vector R j R j The position where the element is 1 corresponds to the micro-coded optical signal transmitter that reflects the signal from the pressure plate body at this time; continue rotating the pressure plate to the "exit" state, that is, to reach the maximum rotation angle θ. max At this point, the pressure plate completely covers the transmission area of ​​the miniature coded optical signal transmitter array, the miniature optical signal receiving unit detects all reflected signals, and records the reference receiving state vector R at this time. max Its vast majority of elements are 1; the fifth step is to record all (θ) j ,R j The mapping pairs are organized into a set M of angle-received vector mapping relationships. angle Simultaneously store R vertical With R max As a boundary reference vector.

[0074] For example, when the pressure plate rotates at its maximum angle θ max When the angle is 45 degrees and the calibration angle interval δθ = 5 degrees, the set of angle-received vector mapping relationships M is... angle The included mapping pairs are shown in Table 2, taking a miniature coded optical signal transmitter array with n=4 as an example:

[0075] Table 2. Angle-Receive Vector Mapping Relationship for Different Parameter Combinations

[0076] <![CDATA[Calibration angle θ j (degrees)]]> <![CDATA[Original received state vector R j > Status Description 0 [0,0,0,0] Engaged state 5 [0,0,0,0] transition state 10 [1,0,0,0] transition state 15 [1,1,0,0] transition state 20 [1,1,0,0] transition state 30 [1,1,1,0] transition state 45 [1,1,1,1] Exit status

[0077] The initial calibration process ensures a one-to-one correspondence between the angle and the original received state vector, solving the problem of "transition state cannot be quantized" in existing technologies, and enabling the pressure plate to move from 0 degrees to θ. max The state within the entire rotation range can be identified.

[0078] Step S33: The miniature coded optical signal transmitter array transmits coded optical signals using a grouped timing transmission strategy. The reflected optical signals of the coded optical signals are received by the miniature optical signal receiving unit to generate multi-dimensional raw signal data containing signal strength, phase, and spectral characteristics.

[0079] Further, step S33 includes:

[0080] Step S331: Divide the n micro-coded optical signal transmitters in the micro-coded optical signal transmitter array into k transmission groups. Each transmission group contains 3 adjacent micro-coded optical signal transmitters. Set the transmission order and inter-group interval time of the transmission groups.

[0081] Step S332: Transmit the packet timing-coded optical signal according to the set transmission order and inter-group interval time of the transmission group;

[0082] In step S333, the miniature optical signal receiving unit receives the reflected optical signal of the coded optical signal in each acquisition cycle, extracts the signal strength, phase characteristics, and spectral characteristics of the reflected optical signal, and combines them to form multi-dimensional raw signal data; the phase characteristics of the reflected optical signal refer to the phase difference between the reflected optical signal and the reference optical signal of the miniature coded optical signal transmitter; the spectral characteristics include the main frequency and bandwidth.

[0083] Specifically, the grouped timing transmission strategy divides the n transmitters in the miniature coded optical signal transmitter array into k transmission groups. Each group is triggered sequentially according to a preset order, with an interval between groups to avoid signal superposition and interference at the receiver. Based on the physical characteristic of low signal superposition probability between adjacent transmitters, a grouping method of "three adjacent transmitters as a group" is adopted. k is the floor value of n divided by 3. If n is not divisible by 3, the last group contains one or two miniature coded optical signal transmitters. This grouping method ensures continuous signal coverage areas within each group and avoids overlap with other groups, preventing cross-group signal interference. Based on the physical law of signal appearance direction when the pressure plate rotates, a transmission order consistent with the signal appearance direction is selected. For example, when the pressure plate rotates counterclockwise, the reflected signal starts from the left transmitter; therefore, the transmission order is set from left to right to ensure that the transmission order matches the signal reception order, reducing signal processing delay. The interval time t between groups is specified. gap The value of t is based on the attenuation time of the reflected signal. It is determined by measuring the time required for the previous group of signals received by the miniature optical signal receiving unit to attenuate from its peak value to the noise level. This ensures that the reflected signal from the previous group of transmitters is completely attenuated before triggering the next group of transmitters, avoiding signal superposition between groups. For example, if the measured signal attenuation time is 40 microseconds, then t gapThe time interval is set to 50 microseconds, with a 10-microsecond safety margin to prevent interference caused by incomplete signal attenuation. Existing array-type photoelectric detection often employs either "simultaneous transmission" or "random timing transmission." The former results in severe superposition of multiple signal groups at the receiver, making them indistinguishable; the latter, while reducing interference, has an irregular transmission order, increasing signal processing complexity. The S331's grouping timing design solves the problem of "inter-group signal interference," while simplifying signal processing logic through adjacent grouping and ordered transmission. The grouping method of three adjacent signals per group ensures continuous coverage of each group's signal area, matching the continuity of the pressure plate reflection area and avoiding signal gaps caused by discrete grouping. The transmission order is consistent with the signal reception order, reducing the signal buffering and processing time of the miniature optical signal receiving unit and improving real-time detection performance. The inter-group interval time t... gap The scientific design fundamentally avoids signal superposition between groups, solving the problem of "signal interference leading to recognition errors" in existing technologies.

[0084] In step S332, the system controller reads the transmission group sequence set in S331, such as group 1 → group 2 → ... → group k, and reads t gap The controller first sends trigger signals to the three miniature coded optical signal transmitters in group 1, triggering them to simultaneously transmit their respective coded optical signals. Then, the controller starts timing. When the timer reaches t... gap When the reflected signal of group 1 has been confirmed to have completely attenuated, a trigger signal is sent to group 2 to trigger group 2 to transmit. This process is repeated until all k transmission groups have completed the transmission of coded optical signals, forming a complete transmission cycle. After the transmission cycle ends, the controller waits for the miniature optical signal receiving unit to complete signal acquisition before entering the next transmission cycle, ensuring the continuity of detection. This invention strictly follows the preset sequence and intervals for transmission, ensuring the implementation of the grouped timing transmission strategy and avoiding transmission disorder caused by human operation. The automated triggering of the controller reduces human intervention and improves the stability and reliability of the system. Periodic transmission ensures real-time monitoring of the pressure plate status, and the transmission cycle can be adjusted according to actual needs to meet the real-time requirements of the power grid for pressure plate status monitoring.

[0085] In step S333, the acquisition period must cover a complete transmission cycle to ensure that the reflected signals from all transmission groups can be received completely; the signal strength extraction method is as follows: the photoelectric conversion module of the miniature optical signal receiving unit converts the reflected optical signal into a current signal I. photo By using the formula "signal strength I = K × I" photoThe signal strength is calculated using the conversion relationship between K and K, where K is the photoelectric conversion coefficient, determined by the technical parameters of the photodiode and obtained through calibration experiments. The larger the signal strength value, the stronger the energy of the reflected light signal. Phase extraction uses a phase detector to compare the phase of the received reflected light signal with the transmitter's reference light signal (the synchronization signal built into the transmitter), and calculates the phase difference δφ between the two. This phase difference is the phase characteristic of the reflected light signal. The phase information can be used to distinguish the real reflected signal from ambient light noise. Ambient light has no fixed phase, while the phase of the reflected light signal is consistent with the reference signal. The method for extracting spectral features is as follows: by performing a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on the received light signal, the time-domain signal is converted into a frequency-domain signal, and the spectral features such as the main frequency and bandwidth of the signal are extracted. The main frequency information can be matched with the preset frequency of the coded light signal to further verify the authenticity of the signal. The signal strength, phase, and spectral features corresponding to each micro-coded light signal transmitter are organized according to the transmitter serial number to form multi-dimensional original signal data. The data format is "transmitter serial number-signal strength-phase-spectrum".

[0086] Existing photoelectric detection methods often extract only one dimension of signal intensity, making them susceptible to interference from ambient light, dust, and other factors, leading to misjudgments. For example, strong light interference can cause abnormal intensity values, resulting in misjudgments of reflected signals. S333's multi-dimensional feature extraction solves the problem of "misjudgment due to single-dimensional features." Through cross-validation of features across three dimensions, the accuracy of signal authenticity assessment is improved. The complementary nature of these multi-dimensional features—signal intensity reflecting energy, phase reflecting synchronicity, and spectrum reflecting frequency characteristics—effectively filters ambient light noise. Ambient light has no fixed phase or dominant frequency, thus resolving the problem of "misjudgment due to environmental interference" in existing technologies. The multi-dimensional raw signal data provides rich evidence for the subsequent signal quality assessment in S34. Step S34 can comprehensively calculate the signal quality score based on the three-dimensional features, avoiding the one-sidedness of single-dimensional assessment. The dominant frequency information in the spectral features can be matched with the frequency of the encoded optical signal, further enabling signal source tracing. If the dominant frequency of the received signal does not match the preset frequency of the encoded optical signal, it can be directly identified as noise, eliminating the need for subsequent decoding and reducing computational load. The grouped timing transmission strategy in step S33 reduces signal interference while ensuring real-time detection. Compared with "simultaneous transmission", the signal recognition accuracy is significantly improved. Multi-dimensional feature extraction expands the dimensions of signal analysis and provides more data support for subsequent fault diagnosis. For example, when the main frequency of the signal spectrum of a transmitter shifts, the transmitter can be determined to be faulty.

[0087] Step S34, Multi-dimensional fidelity verification: Perform quality assessment on the multi-dimensional original signal data and calculate the signal quality score of each received reflected light signal;

[0088] Further, see Figure 4 Step S34 includes:

[0089] Step S341: Obtain the signal intensity quantization value based on the signal intensity of the reflected light signal in the multi-dimensional original signal data;

[0090] Step S342: Obtain the phase quantization value based on the phase characteristics of the reflected light signal in the multi-dimensional original signal data;

[0091] Step S343: Based on the spectral characteristics of the reflected light signal in the multi-dimensional original signal data, obtain the spectral quantization value; calculate the main frequency matching degree and bandwidth ratio based on the main frequency and bandwidth in the spectral characteristics, and multiply the main frequency matching degree and bandwidth ratio to obtain the spectral quantization value;

[0092] Step S344: The signal strength quantization value, phase quantization value and spectrum quantization value are weighted and summed to obtain the signal quality score of each reflected light signal.

[0093] Specifically, step S34, based on multi-dimensional raw signal data, constructs a complete signal quality scoring mechanism through quantitative processing and weighted fusion of signal strength, phase characteristics, and spectral characteristics, ensuring that the quality of each reflected light signal is quantifiable and comparable. Signal strength is positively correlated with signal quality; higher signal strength indicates more abundant infrared laser energy reflected by the pressure plate and richer effective information carried by the signal. Phase characteristics are also positively correlated with signal quality; a smaller phase difference between the reflected light signal and the reference light signal indicates better synchronization and a higher likelihood that the signal originates from pressure plate reflection, as ambient light has no fixed phase and is difficult to synchronize with the reference signal. Spectral characteristics are also positively correlated with signal quality; a higher degree of matching between the received signal's main frequency and the preset main frequency of the encoded light signal, and a narrower bandwidth, indicates higher signal purity and lower interference from environmental clutter.

[0094] In step S341, the quantization of signal strength first determines the effective range of the signal strength [I] low ,I high ]:I low The minimum signal strength that the miniature optical signal receiving unit can recognize corresponds to the minimum current signal I that the photoelectric conversion module can respond to. photo,low I photo,low The sensitivity parameter is determined by the photoelectric conversion module's sensitivity parameters. These parameters characterize the minimum detectable current input of the module; therefore, I... low =K×I photo,low ;I high The maximum signal strength of the signal amplification module in the unsaturated state corresponds to the maximum current signal I in the linear operating range of the signal amplification module. photo,high I photo,high The dynamic range parameter of the photoelectric conversion module determines the maximum current input for the module to operate without saturation. Therefore, I high =K×Iphoto,high Compare the signal strength I with the effective range: if I low This indicates that the signal is too weak and the photoelectric conversion module cannot effectively identify it; if I>I high This indicates that the signal is too strong, causing the signal amplification module to enter saturation and resulting in signal distortion. In both cases, the signal strength quantization value S will be reduced. strength Assign a value of 0; if I is in [I low ,I high Within the interval, it is quantized into values ​​between [0,1] through a linear transformation, and the quantization formula is S. strength =(I−I low ) / (I high -I low The logic of this formula is that when I=I low At that time, S strength =0, the corresponding signal is just identifiable; when I=I high At that time, S strength =1, corresponding to the optimal signal strength; when I varies within the interval, S strength It increases linearly with the increase of I, which is completely consistent with the law that the signal quality increases with the intensity, ensuring that the quantization result can truly reflect the quality level at the signal intensity level.

[0095] The quantization of phase characteristics in step S342 is based on the phase difference δφ calculated in step S333. First, the allowable range of the phase difference [δφ] is determined. low ,δφ high ], δφ low and δφ high These represent the minimum and maximum allowable phase difference values. This range is set based on the coherence characteristics of infrared lasers and measured data of environmental interference. Infrared lasers have strong coherence, and the phase difference between their reflected signal and the reference signal will stabilize within a small range. However, ambient light (such as natural light and internal lighting of the enclosure) is incoherent light, with random phase changes, and is very likely to exceed this range. If δφ < δφ low Or δφ>δφ high This indicates that the signal is likely ambient light noise, and the phase quantization value S phase Assign a value of 0; if δφ is within [δφ low ,δφ high Within the interval, it is quantized into values ​​between [0,1] through an inverse linear transformation, and the quantization formula is S. phase =1−(δφ−δφ low ) / (δφ high −δφ low The logic of this formula is that when δφ=δφ low At that time, S phase =1 corresponds to optimal phase synchronization; when δφ=δφ high At that time, S​phase =0, corresponding to the worst phase synchronization; when δφ varies within the interval, S phase It decreases linearly with the increase of δφ, which is consistent with the law that the signal quality decreases with the phase synchronization, effectively filtering out misjudgments caused by phase anomalies.

[0096] The quantization of spectral features in step S343 needs to be combined with the main frequency and bandwidth parameters extracted by FFT in step S333. The quantized spectral value S spectrum Based on the main frequency matching degree F match With bandwidth ratio B ratio The product consists of: main frequency matching degree F match Used to measure the proximity of the received signal's main frequency to the preset main frequency of the coded optical signal, calculated as F. match =1−|f−f preset | / f preset Where f is the main frequency of the received signal, f preset The preset main frequency of the miniature coded optical signal transmitter is determined by the transmitter's technical parameters, F. match The closer the value is to 1, the more consistent the signal frequency is with the preset frequency, and the more reliable the signal source; bandwidth ratio B ratio Used to measure the purity of the received signal bandwidth, calculated as B. ratio =B standard / B, where B standard The standard bandwidth for encoding optical signals is determined by the transmitter's technical parameters, where B is the bandwidth of the received signal. ratio The closer F is to 1, the closer the signal bandwidth is to the standard bandwidth, and the lower the degree of interference from clutter. Because F match With B ratio The values ​​of both are in the interval [0,1], and their product S spectrum The value of S also falls within the [0,1] interval and can comprehensively reflect the reliability of the spectral characteristics. Only when the main frequency is matched and the bandwidth is pure, S spectrum This will allow it to reach a higher level and avoid the one-sidedness of evaluating a single spectral parameter.

[0097] The formula for calculating the signal quality score Q by weighted summation in step S344 is as follows:

[0098] Q=w strength ×S strength +w phase ×S phase +w spectrum ×S spectrum , where w strength w phase w spectrum Let w be the weight coefficients for each dimension. strength +w phase +w spectrum=1. The determination of the weighting coefficient needs to be completed through statistical experiments: under different scenarios such as strong light interference, dust obstruction, and electromagnetic interference, the signal recognition accuracy relying only on a single dimension feature is calculated, and the dimension with higher accuracy is assigned a higher weight. For example, in the scenario of strong light interference, the recognition accuracy of spectral features is significantly higher than that of signal strength, therefore w spectrum This can be set to a higher value to ensure that the weight allocation matches the anti-interference capability of each dimension. For example, in a conventional substation environment, the weight can be set to w. strength =0.2, w phase =0.25, w spectrum =0.55, to highlight the anti-interference advantages of the spectral characteristics.

[0099] Step S34 addresses the shortcomings of existing photoelectric detection technologies that rely solely on single-dimensional signal features (such as signal strength), making them susceptible to environmental interference and prone to misjudgment. Through cross-validation of multi-dimensional features, signal quality assessment becomes more comprehensive and reliable. For example, strong light interference may cause an abnormal increase in signal strength, but the phase and spectral characteristics of the signal will deviate from the normal range. Multi-dimensional assessment can identify and eliminate such noise. This invention achieves "purification" of the multi-dimensional raw signal data, providing a high-quality signal source for the subsequent decoding in step S35, preventing low-quality signals or noise from entering the decoding process and causing transmitter association errors. Without this step, ambient light noise and distorted signals received by the miniature optical signal receiving unit will directly participate in decoding, potentially leading to false "1" elements in the current received state vector (misjudging noise as reflected signals) or missing true "1" elements (true signals being misjudged as noise due to weak intensity). This renders the continuity check in subsequent step S36 meaningless, disrupting the entire state recognition logic.

[0100] Step S35, encoding and decoding mapping: Decode the reflected light signal whose signal quality score is greater than the preset quality threshold to generate the current reception state vector;

[0101] Further, step S35 includes:

[0102] Step S351: Extract the reflected light signal with a signal quality score greater than a preset quality threshold as a high-quality reflected light signal;

[0103] Step S352: According to the encoding method recorded in the encoding mapping table, execute the corresponding decoding algorithm on the extracted high-quality reflected light signal to obtain the decoding result;

[0104] Step S353: Match the decoding result with the encoding elements in the encoding mapping table, and establish the association between each high-quality reflected light signal and the corresponding miniature encoded light signal transmitter based on the matching result;

[0105] Step S354: Initialize an empty vector of length n. Based on the correlation between the high-quality reflected light signal and the corresponding micro-coded light signal transmitter, assign values ​​to the empty vector. After the assignment is completed, generate a current reception state vector containing n elements.

[0106] Assigning a value to the empty vector includes: if the i-th micro-coded optical signal transmitter has confirmed the existence of a corresponding high-quality reflected optical signal through the association relationship, then the element at the i-th position of the empty vector is assigned a value of 1; if the i-th micro-coded optical signal transmitter has confirmed the existence of no corresponding high-quality reflected optical signal through the association relationship, then the element at the i-th position of the empty vector is assigned a value of 0.

[0107] In step S351, a preset quality threshold Q is established. min The determination needs to be completed through calibration experiments: Under different interference scenarios, such as ambient light of different intensities and dust of different concentrations, multiple sets of reflected light signals are collected and their signal quality scores (Q) are calculated. At the same time, the decoding results of each signal and the actual pressure plate state are recorded. The decoding accuracy under different Q values ​​is statistically analyzed, and the minimum Q value at which the decoding accuracy reaches the preset requirement is set as Q. min For example, if the preset decoding accuracy is no less than 98%, experiments show that when Q ≥ 0.6, the decoding accuracy can stably reach 98.5%. min It can be set to 0.6. When extracting high-quality reflected light signals, the intelligent decoding module of the miniature optical signal receiving unit traverses the signal quality scores of all received signals, ensuring that Q > Q. min The signal is marked as a high-quality reflected light signal, and the acquisition channel of each signal is recorded, that is, the receiving port and acquisition time of the corresponding miniature optical signal receiving unit, so as to provide a spatiotemporal reference for subsequent associated transmitters.

[0108] The decoding algorithm in step S352 must strictly match the encoding method determined in step S31: if binary sequence encoding is used in step S31, the intelligent decoding module executes the binary decoding algorithm; if frequency encoding is used, the frequency decoding algorithm is executed; if phase encoding is used, the phase decoding algorithm is executed. Taking binary sequence encoding as an example, the decoding process is divided into two steps: signal preprocessing and sequence recognition. In the signal preprocessing stage, the electrical signal of the high-quality reflected light signal is amplified to a level range that the intelligent decoding module can recognize by the signal amplification module, and then high-frequency noise is filtered out by a low-pass filter. In the sequence recognition stage, the intelligent decoding module verifies the integrity of the encoded sequence according to the parity bit rules in the encoding mapping table E (such as even parity in step S31). For example, if the encoded sequence of a certain high-quality reflected light signal is "000", the first two bits are data bits, and the third bit is an even parity bit. The decoding module first determines whether the even number of 1s in the data bit "00" matches the parity bit "0". If they match, it is determined to be a valid decoding result. If they do not match, it is determined to be an invalid signal that may have been caused by bit errors during transmission and is excluded from the subsequent association process.

[0109] In step S353, the intelligent decoding module compares the effective decoding result with the encoded element e in the encoding mapping table E. i Compare each element one by one to find the encoded element e that is completely consistent with the valid decoding result. i The micro-coded optical signal transmitter number i corresponding to the encoded element is the source transmitter of the current high-quality reflected optical signal, thus establishing a one-to-one correspondence between "high-quality reflected optical signal - micro-coded optical signal transmitter number". If a valid decoding result has no matching encoded element in the encoding mapping table E, the signal is determined to be a crosstalk signal, such as crosstalk from other transmitters, and is discarded to avoid incorrect association.

[0110] The current receiving state vector generation process is as follows: The intelligent decoding module initializes an empty vector of length n, where the vector length n is the same as the number of transmitters in the micro-coded optical signal transmitter array. The i-th position of the vector (i=1,2,…,n) corresponds one-to-one with the micro-coded optical signal transmitter with index i. Based on the association established in step S353, an assignment operation is performed on the empty vector: if the transmitter with index i has a corresponding high-quality reflected optical signal, then the i-th position of the vector is assigned a value of 1; if the transmitter with index i does not have a corresponding high-quality reflected optical signal, then the i-th position of the vector is assigned a value of 0. The situation where the transmitter with index i does not have a corresponding high-quality reflected optical signal includes two cases: one is that no reflected optical signal is received, and the other is that a reflected optical signal is received but Q≤Q min After the assignment is complete, a current received state vector R containing n elements is generated. current For example, when n=4 and the transmitters associated with sequence numbers 1 and 2 have high-quality reflected light signals, Rcurrent The value is [1,1,0,0], which intuitively reflects the transmitter distribution of the signal reflected by the pressure plate.

[0111] Step S35 addresses the drawback of existing array-based photoelectric detection technologies, where the superposition of signals from multiple transmitters makes source tracing difficult. Existing technologies often employ simultaneous transmission, making it impossible for the receiver to distinguish the signal source; it can only determine the presence or absence of the overall signal. This step, however, achieves precise association between each reflected light signal and a specific transmitter through encoding matching, giving the signal a clear "location identifier." Step S35 establishes a bridge for the transformation from "high-quality signal - transmitter position - state vector," converting the abstract optical signal into structured vector data, providing direct data input for the continuity check in step S36 and the angle calculation in step S37. Step S35 works synergistically with steps S31 and S34: the encoding mapping table E established in step S31 provides a standardized reference for decoding and association in this step; without E, the decoding result cannot match the transmitter, and the association process cannot be completed. The quality assessment in step S34 filters out high-quality signals, preventing low-quality signals from affecting decoding accuracy. The combination of these two ensures the closed-loop reliability of the "encoding-assessment-decoding-association" process. Compared to decoding without quality screening, this step reduces the transmitter association error rate. Simultaneously, through check bit verification and code matching, it further eliminates erroneous and crosstalk signals, ensuring that the current received state vector accurately reflects the pressure plate's reflection, laying the foundation for subsequent precise calculation of the pressure plate's rotation angle. This synergy not only improves the reliability of individual steps but also significantly enhances the accuracy and anti-interference capabilities of the entire signal processing flow, effectively adapting to the complex field environment of substations.

[0112] Step S36, Vector continuity calibration: Perform continuity check on the current received state vector to obtain a transmitter fault candidate set, correct the current received state vector based on the transmitter fault candidate set, and output the corrected received state vector;

[0113] Further, step S36 includes:

[0114] Step S361: Scan the current received state vector from left to right and check the continuity of the sequence of elements with 1 in the current received state vector;

[0115] Step S362: When an interruption is detected in the sequence of elements 1 in the current received state vector, the micro-coded optical signal transmitter corresponding to the interruption position is included in the transmitter fault candidate set.

[0116] Step S363: Retrieve the historical reception success rate of each micro-coded optical signal transmitter in the transmitter fault candidate set during historical detection;

[0117] Step S364: When the historical reception success rate of the micro-coded optical signal transmitter in the transmitter fault candidate set is less than the preset fault determination threshold, the micro-coded optical signal transmitter is confirmed as a fault transmitter, and the element at the corresponding position of the fault transmitter in the current reception state vector is compensated to 1.

[0118] Step S365: When the historical reception success rate of the micro-coded optical signal transmitter in the transmitter fault candidate set is greater than or equal to the fault determination threshold, it is determined to be a temporary blockage, and the element at the corresponding position in the current reception state vector is kept to be 0.

[0119] Step S366: The current received state vector processed by steps S364 and S365 is output as the corrected received state vector.

[0120] Specifically, step S36 identifies signal anomalies through continuity checks, distinguishes fault types by combining historical data, and corrects the vector accordingly to ensure that the received state vector accurately reflects the pressure plate reflection, providing reliable data for subsequent angle calculations. The pressure plate has a rectangular structure that is narrow at the top and bottom and long at the left and right. When it rotates counterclockwise around the central axis, its bottom edge gradually blocks the array of miniature coded optical signal transmitters from left to right. The reflected signal will only appear sequentially starting from the left transmitter, without any discontinuous "1" sequence. That is, there will be no situation where the right transmitter has a signal while the left transmitter has no signal. This physical law provides a basis for continuity checks.

[0121] The continuity check process is as follows: the intelligent decoding module of the miniature optical signal receiving unit scans the current receiving state vector R from left to right. current Record the starting index i of the vector where the element is 1. start With terminating index i end The index corresponds to the serial number of the micro-coded optical signal transmitter, ranging from 1 to n from left to right. Traversing i... start to i end For all elements within the interval, determine if there is an element with a value of 0. If all elements in the interval are 1, the "1" sequence is considered continuous, and there is no signal abnormality; if there is an element with a value of 0, the "1" sequence is considered interrupted, and the transmitter index corresponding to the 0 element is the signal abnormality location. For example, when R... current When the index is [1,1,0,1,1] (n=5), the starting index i of the element with the value 1. start =1, Terminating index i end=5, the third element in the interval is 0, indicating a break in the "1" sequence, and the abnormal position corresponds to transmitter number 3. This method directly utilizes the physical laws of platen rotation, and can initially identify signal anomalies without additional sensors. Compared with the direct use of existing technologies that ignore signal distribution logic, it can quickly screen out potential equipment failures or temporary interference, reducing the impact of invalid data on subsequent processes.

[0122] The micro-coded optical signal transmitter corresponding to the interruption location is included in the transmitter fault candidate set F. can The system records the transmitter serial number and its corresponding number of interrupts. A single interrupt can be included, while multiple interrupts can be marked as high-priority candidates. Associating the location of the signal anomaly with a specific transmitter avoids ambiguous anomaly localization and solves the deficiency in existing technologies where only the signal anomaly is known but the device cannot be identified, providing a clear target for subsequent fault diagnosis. Without this association, signal anomalies cannot be linked to specific transmitters, making subsequent maintenance impossible and resulting in low fault-finding efficiency.

[0123] Statistical analysis of historical reception success rate needs to be implemented through the system's backend database: a statistical period T needs to be set. stat T stat The determination is based on the detection frequency and equipment stability requirements, such as 100 tests per day, T stat It can be set to 7 days to ensure a sufficient statistical sample size, and record the transmitter of sequence number i in T. stat The number of times N is "effectively identified as having a high-quality reflected signal" success Number of tests N total N success That is, the number of times the association was successfully completed in step S35, N. total That is, the total number of times the transmitter transmits within the transmission cycle, and the historical reception success rate H=N. success / N total The invention employs a sliding window mechanism to update H, meaning that for each new detection period, the oldest data from the previous period is discarded. This ensures that H reflects the transmitter's recent operating status in real time, avoiding misjudgments caused by outdated historical data. This invention quantifies transmitter performance through long-term data accumulation. Compared to existing technologies that rely solely on a single signal to determine faults, this effectively filters out occasional interference and improves the accuracy of fault identification.

[0124] Fault determination threshold H th It was determined that a comparative experiment was needed: In a laboratory environment, transmitter malfunctions were simulated, such as laser power attenuation and poor circuit contact, as well as temporary obstructions, such as dust cover and brief light interference. The H distribution under both scenarios was statistically analyzed. The H of a malfunctioning transmitter would remain below a certain value, while the H of temporary obstruction would only decrease briefly during the interference period and would remain at a relatively high level overall. The critical value for the H distribution of the two scenarios was set as H0. thFor example, if the H value of a faulty transmitter is generally below 0.3, and the H value of a temporary blockage is generally above 0.3, then H... th It can be set to 0.3. When H <H th When the signal is interrupted, it indicates that the transmitter has been malfunctioning for an extended period, confirming it as a faulty transmitter. Due to the continuous rotation of the pressure plate, both transmitters on either side of the faulty transmitter should have signals; otherwise, the "1" sequence would not have been interrupted only at that position. This suggests that a reflected signal should have existed at that location. Therefore, at R... current The element at this position is compensated to 1; when H≥H th When the signal interruption is temporary and the pressure plate reflection area remains unchanged, the element at that position is kept at 0. This method accurately distinguishes between faults and temporary interference, solving the problems in existing technologies where temporary obstruction is mistakenly identified as a fault, leading to wasted maintenance resources, or faults are mistakenly identified as interference, resulting in distorted state recognition.

[0125] The compensated or preserved vector is used as the corrected received state vector R. corrected Output, vector format and R current This step ensures consistency and allows for direct invocation of subsequent steps. It corrects vector distortion caused by transmitter malfunction, ensuring a perfect match between the vector and the actual reflection area of ​​the pressure plate. Without this step, the interrupted sequence of "1"s would cause subsequent step S37 to match the wrong calibration angle, such as matching [1,1,0,1,1] to an abnormal vector with no corresponding angle, or mismatching a low-angle vector, thus leading to incorrect pressure plate status determination.

[0126] Step S37: Based on the corrected receiving state vector and the set of angle-receiving vector mapping relationships, the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate is obtained;

[0127] Step S37 is implemented based on the set M of angle-receive vector mapping relationships established in step S32. angle (Contains multiple groups (θ) j ,R j Mapping pair, θ j To calibrate the angle, R j (corresponding to the original receive state vector) and the corrected receive state vector R output in step S36 corrected Based on this, discrete vector data is transformed into continuous rotation angles through vector matching and angle calculation, solving the problem that existing technologies cannot quantify the transition angle of the pressure plate. The core logic of angle calculation is "vector similarity matching + interpolation optimization": First, the intelligent decoding module calculates R... corrected With M angle All R in j The similarity is measured using Hamming distance, which is the number of distinct elements at corresponding positions in two vectors. A smaller Hamming distance indicates higher vector similarity. If there exists a certain R... j With Rcorrected If the Hamming distance is 0, indicating a complete match, then directly assign the R value to the matching. j The corresponding θ j The actual rotation angle θ of the pressure plate actual If there is no perfectly matching R j Then the two vectors R with the smallest Hamming distance are selected. j 1. R j 2. Calculate θ using linear interpolation actual R j 1 and R j 2 Corresponding calibration angle θ j 1. θ j 2, and θ j 1<θ j 2; R corrected With R j The higher the similarity between 2, the higher the θ actual The closer to θ j 2; with R j The higher the similarity of 1, the higher the θ actual The closer to θ j 1. Ensure the interpolation result reflects the similarity between the vector and the calibration vector, avoiding angular deviations caused by simple linear interpolation. Step S37 addresses the deficiency in existing technologies that "can only identify the binary state of input / output, but cannot quantify the transition angle": traditional manual inspection or magnetic detection can only determine whether the pressure plate is completely vertical or completely tilted, while this step, through vector matching and interpolation, can quantify the angle of the pressure plate from 0° to θ. max The rotation angle can be quantified across the entire range, even identifying minute angle changes. Without this step, S38 can only rely on the presence or absence of a signal to determine the binary state, and cannot achieve transitional state subdivision and abnormal state identification, thus rendering the entire solution's fine-grained monitoring function ineffective.

[0128] Step S38: Based on the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate, perform multi-level state determination on the pressure plate.

[0129] Step S38 uses a three-level judgment system to comprehensively identify the pressure plate status, which solves the shortcomings of the existing technology in that the status judgment is singular and cannot provide early warning of abnormalities.

[0130] See Figure 5 The first layer of the three-level judgment system is binary state judgment. The method for binary state judgment includes: setting an input state angle threshold θ. low and exit state angle threshold θ high , input state angle threshold θ low The maximum rotation angle for the pressure plate to be in the "effectively engaged" state is determined by the mechanical locking accuracy of the pressure plate. When the pressure plate is vertical, θ = 0°. Even with slight rotation, and if there is a small angular deviation due to vibration, the engagement function can still be maintained. lowThis refers to the maximum angle to ensure effective engagement, determined by measuring the "function retention limit after rotation" of different pressure plate models; the exit state angle threshold θ. high This is the minimum rotation angle required for the pressure plate to be in the "effectively disengaged" state. This angle is determined by the mechanical disengagement accuracy of the pressure plate. When the pressure plate rotates to this angle, it is completely disconnected from the electrical connection. It is determined by measuring the "minimum angle of disengagement after rotation" of the pressure plate. For example, θ low The value can range from 3° to 8°, θ high The value can range from 30° to 40°. When θ actual ≤θ low When θ is reached, it is determined to be in an "engaged" state; when θ actual ≥θ high When the time is right, it is determined to be in an "exit" state. This method binds the binary state to a specific perspective, avoiding the error of "subjective judgment of input / exit" in existing technologies, and ensuring that the judgment standards of different operation and maintenance personnel are consistent.

[0131] The second level of the three-level judgment system is the transition state subdivision, which is based on θ. actual In [θ low ,θ high The distribution within the interval, where the pressure plate is neither fully engaged nor fully disengaged, requires further subdivision to guide operation and maintenance: the interval is divided into "initial transition" (θ) low <θ actual ≤θ mid θ mid =(θ low +θ high ) / 2), "Intermediate Transition" (θ) mid <θ actual ≤θ high -δθ trans ,δθ trans To refine the intervals, the required accuracy of the transition state monitoring is determined, for example, 5°, and the "final transition" (θ) is also specified. high -δθ trans <θ actual <θ high ), where θ mid This refers to the critical angle for functional transition within the transition state range of the pressure plate. Different transition states correspond to different maintenance prompts: the initial transition prompt is "Pressure plate is slightly loose, attention is needed," the intermediate transition prompt is "Pressure plate is in a semi-operational state, timely adjustment is needed," and the final transition prompt is "Pressure plate is about to be deactivated, emergency handling is needed." This invention quantifies the fuzzy "transition state" into operable, subdivided states, solving the shortcomings of existing technologies that lack monitoring and early warning for transition states, and providing a clear basis for refined operation and maintenance.

[0132] The third layer of the three-level decision-making system is the abnormal state determination, which includes two types of cases: one is the corrected received state vector R. corrected The sequence of "1"s contains multiple discontinuous segments, such as [1,0,1,1], which contains two segments of the "1" sequence. This situation violates the signal reflection law of the rotating pressure plate, indicating that there is a fault in multiple transmitters or severe interference; secondly, θ actual Beyond [0°, θ max The situation indicates an anomaly in the angle calculation, such as M. angle Data missing, R corrected Distortion or mechanical failure of the pressure plate, such as a stuck rotating shaft causing abnormal angles. When either situation occurs, it is judged as an "abnormal" state, generating an abnormality code, such as "E01" representing multiple discontinuous segments, "E02" representing angles out of range, and generating a status description, such as "Multiple transmitter failure, it is recommended to check transmitters numbered 2 and 4" or "Angle exceeds mechanical limits, it is recommended to check the pressure plate rotating shaft." This invention can proactively identify system abnormalities and mechanical failures. Compared with the limitations of existing technologies that "only monitor the pressure plate status and not the system's own failures," it can detect potential equipment problems in advance and avoid misjudgments of status due to system failures.

[0133] Step S38 works in conjunction with steps S37 and S36: θ in step S37 actual To provide data for the subdivision of binary states and transition states, step S36 R corrected This provides a basis for abnormal state determination, and the combination of these three elements achieves a comprehensive correlation between "angle-vector-state". Compared with the single state determination of existing technologies, this step can provide 7 types of states (5 normal / transitional states + 2 abnormal states), covering the state requirements of the pressure plate throughout its entire life cycle. Maintenance personnel can understand the details of the pressure plate through status codes without on-site inspections, significantly improving maintenance efficiency. In addition, the state data in step S38 can be stored long-term to form a pressure plate state change curve, such as θ. actual The trend of change over time, if the curve shows θ actual By continuously increasing the pressure (e.g., by 0.5° per day), it can be predicted that the pressure plate will enter the final transition period at some point in the future, allowing for advance maintenance arrangements. This preventative maintenance function is not achievable with existing technology, providing additional protection for the safe operation of the power grid.

[0134] Each state generates a unique state code S. code With state description S description The exemplary state correspondence is shown in Table 3:

[0135] Table 3. Correspondence between status codes and descriptions of the three-level judgment system for pressure plates.

[0136] State type <![CDATA[Actual rotation angle θ actual > <![CDATA[Status code S code > <![CDATA[Status description S description > Engaged state <![CDATA[θ actual ≤θ low ]]> S01 The pressure plate is in an effective working state and functions normally. Initial transition <![CDATA[θ low <θ actual ≤θ mid ]]> S02 The pressure plate is slightly loose and its condition needs to be monitored regularly. intermediate transition <![CDATA[θ mid <θ actual ≤θ high -sth trans ]]> S03 The pressure plate is in a semi-engaged state and needs to be manually adjusted in a timely manner. End-stage transition <![CDATA[θ high -sth trans <θ actual <θ high ]]> S04 The pressure plate is about to retract; urgent action is required to prevent malfunction. Exit status <![CDATA[θ actual ≥θ high ]]> S05 The pressure plate is in the effective disengaged state, and its function has been disconnected. Abnormal state (multiple discontinuous segments) <![CDATA[Any θ actual > E01 If the received vector "1" sequence has multiple discontinuous segments, it is recommended to check the faulty candidate transmitter. Abnormal state (angle out of range) <![CDATA[θ actual <0° or actual >θ max ]]> E02 If the angle exceeds the mechanical limit, it is recommended to check the pressure plate rotation axis and Mangle data.

[0137] Step S30 addresses the shortcomings of single-beam detection and traditional techniques, achieving high-precision, multi-dimensional, and intelligent monitoring of the pressure plate state: To address the issue that single-beam detection can only make binary judgments and cannot quantify the transition state, it establishes an angle-receiver vector mapping relationship set (Mangle) and calculates the actual rotation angle θ. actual , will [θ low ,θ high The interval is divided into three transition states, providing a clear basis for operation and maintenance. Addressing the issue of weak anti-interference capability of a single beam, it extracts three types of features—signal strength, phase, and spectrum—through step S333; generates a signal quality score Q by weighted fusion of multi-dimensional quantization values ​​and retains high-quality signals through step S34; and achieves signal source tracing through the constructed encoding mapping table E in step S31, avoiding overall misjudgment. Addressing the issue of a single beam lacking fault diagnosis capability, it identifies abnormal transmitters based on the continuity of the "1" sequence in step S36 and distinguishes between faults and temporary obstructions by combining historical reception success rates H; identifies system and mechanical faults through discontinuous "1" sequences or out-of-range angles in step S38; and uses long-term statistical prediction of transmitter performance degradation using H, achieving online fault location and early warning. Addressing the issues of complex installation, high cost, and cumbersome maintenance of traditional technologies (image processing, magnetic attraction), it adapts to confined spaces by setting a virtual baseline, reduces circuit complexity and energy consumption through grouped timing transmission of "three adjacent beams as a group," and reduces maintenance through non-contact detection. Step S30, compared to a single beam, represents a leap from "qualitative judgment" to "quantitative monitoring." Transitional state segmentation guides maintenance priorities, improving maintenance response efficiency. Multi-dimensional features and quality assessment work together to filter environmental interference, adapting to complex substation environments and significantly reducing false positive rates. Faults can be predicted using historical reception success rates (H), reducing the failure rate of pressure plate monitoring. It possesses equipment compatibility and scalability; adjusting the encoding length and number of groups adapts to different transmitter and pressure plate models, covering most substation pressure plates. Simultaneously, it can utilize status data (θ) actual S code Long-term storage and trend analysis provide early warning of the risk of abnormal disconnection of the pressure plate, providing an active defense barrier for the safe operation of the power grid.

[0138] Example 2

[0139] This embodiment, based on embodiment 1, provides a station-side relay protection pressure plate status identification device, such as... Figure 6 As shown, it includes:

[0140] Optoelectronic device deployment module: used to measure the geometric parameters of the pressure plate and set a virtual baseline based on the geometric parameters of the pressure plate; install a miniature optical signal transmitting unit and a miniature optical signal receiving unit on the virtual baseline, wherein the miniature optical signal transmitting unit is a single miniature optical signal transmitter or an array of miniature coded optical signal transmitters composed of n miniature coded optical signal transmitters;

[0141] Basic status identification module: If the micro optical signal transmitting unit is a single micro optical signal transmitter, then a single beam of light is projected through the micro optical signal transmitter to identify the basic status of the pressure plate.

[0142] Multi-level state determination module: If the micro optical signal transmitting unit is a micro coded optical signal transmitting array composed of n micro coded optical signal transmitters, it transmits coded optical signals using a grouped timing transmission strategy. The reflected optical signals of the coded optical signals are received by the micro optical signal receiving unit, generating multi-dimensional raw signal data containing signal strength, phase characteristics, and spectral characteristics. The multi-dimensional raw signal data is subjected to progressive processing of multi-dimensional fidelity verification, encoding and decoding mapping, and vector continuity calibration to determine the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate. Based on the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate, multi-level state determination is performed on the pressure plate.

[0143] Furthermore, in the multi-level state determination module, the progressive processing method for multi-dimensional raw signal data—including multi-dimensional fidelity verification, encoding / decoding mapping, and vector continuity calibration—includes the following:

[0144] Perform quality assessment on multi-dimensional raw signal data and calculate the signal quality score for each received reflected light signal.

[0145] Decode the reflected light signal whose signal quality score is greater than a preset quality threshold to generate the current reception state vector;

[0146] Perform a continuity check on the current receive state vector to obtain a transmitter fault candidate set. Correct the current receive state vector based on the transmitter fault candidate set and output the corrected receive state vector.

[0147] The method for quality assessment of multi-dimensional raw signal data includes:

[0148] Step S341: Obtain the signal intensity quantization value based on the signal intensity of the reflected light signal in the multi-dimensional original signal data;

[0149] Step S342: Obtain the phase quantization value based on the phase characteristics of the reflected light signal in the multi-dimensional original signal data;

[0150] Step S343: Based on the spectral characteristics of the reflected light signal in the multi-dimensional original signal data, obtain the spectral quantization value; calculate the main frequency matching degree and bandwidth ratio based on the main frequency and bandwidth in the spectral characteristics, and multiply the main frequency matching degree and bandwidth ratio to obtain the spectral quantization value;

[0151] Step S344: The signal strength quantization value, phase quantization value and spectrum quantization value are weighted and summed to obtain the signal quality score of each reflected light signal.

[0152] The method for generating the current received state vector includes:

[0153] Step S351: Extract the reflected light signal with a signal quality score greater than a preset quality threshold as a high-quality reflected light signal;

[0154] Step S352: According to the encoding method recorded in the encoding mapping table, execute the corresponding decoding algorithm on the extracted high-quality reflected light signal to obtain the decoding result;

[0155] Step S353: Match the decoding result with the encoding elements in the encoding mapping table, and establish the association between each high-quality reflected light signal and the corresponding miniature encoded light signal transmitter based on the matching result;

[0156] Step S354: Initialize an empty vector of length n. Based on the correlation between the high-quality reflected light signal and the corresponding micro-coded light signal transmitter, assign values ​​to the empty vector. After the assignment is completed, generate a current reception state vector containing n elements.

[0157] The methods and systems of this application may be implemented in many ways. For example, they may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination of software, hardware, and firmware. The above-described order of steps for the method is for illustrative purposes only, and the steps of the method of this application are not limited to the order specifically described above, unless otherwise specifically stated.

[0158] In addition, the parts of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application that are consistent with the implementation principles of the corresponding technical solutions in the prior art have not been described in detail, so as to avoid excessive elaboration.

[0159] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for identifying the status of a station-end relay protection pressure plate, characterized in that, The method includes: Measure the geometric parameters of the pressure plate and set a virtual baseline based on the geometric parameters of the pressure plate; install a miniature optical signal transmitting unit and a miniature optical signal receiving unit on the virtual baseline, wherein the miniature optical signal transmitting unit is a single miniature optical signal transmitter or an array of miniature coded optical signal transmitters composed of n miniature coded optical signal transmitters; If the miniature optical signal transmitting unit is a single miniature optical signal transmitter, then a single beam of light is projected through the miniature optical signal transmitter to identify the condition of the pressure plate foundation: If the micro-optical signal transmitting unit is a micro-coded optical signal transmitting array composed of n micro-coded optical signal transmitters, it transmits coded optical signals using a grouped timing transmission strategy. The reflected optical signals of the coded optical signals are received by the micro-optical signal receiving unit, generating multi-dimensional raw signal data containing signal strength, phase characteristics, and spectral characteristics. The multi-dimensional raw signal data is then subjected to progressive processing of multi-dimensional fidelity verification, encoding and decoding mapping, and vector continuity calibration to determine the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate. Based on the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate, multi-level state determination is performed on the pressure plate. The progressive processing of multi-dimensional raw signal data, including multi-dimensional fidelity verification, encoding, decoding, mapping, and vector continuity calibration, includes: quality assessment of the multi-dimensional raw signal data, calculating the signal quality score of each received reflected light signal; decoding reflected light signals with signal quality scores greater than a preset quality threshold to generate a current receiving state vector; performing continuity verification on the current receiving state vector to obtain a transmitter fault candidate set; correcting the current receiving state vector based on the transmitter fault candidate set; and outputting the corrected receiving state vector. The method for determining the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate includes: collecting the original receiving state vectors of the pressure plate at different rotation angles, associating the rotation angle of the pressure plate with the corresponding original receiving state vectors, and establishing a set of angle-receiving vector mapping relationships; and obtaining the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate based on the corrected receiving state vectors and the set of angle-receiving vector mapping relationships. The method for quality assessment of multi-dimensional raw signal data includes: obtaining a signal intensity quantization value based on the signal intensity of the reflected light signal in the multi-dimensional raw signal data; obtaining a phase quantization value based on the phase characteristics; obtaining a spectrum quantization value based on the spectrum characteristics; and weighted summing the signal intensity quantization value, phase quantization value, and spectrum quantization value to obtain the signal quality score of each reflected light signal.

2. The method for identifying the status of a station-end relay protection pressure plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of identifying the foundation condition of the pressure plate by projecting a single beam of light through a miniature optical signal transmitter is as follows: If the miniature optical signal receiving unit receives the reflected light signal of a single beam, it determines that the pressure plate is in the off state; otherwise, it is in the on state.

3. The method for identifying the status of a station-end relay protection pressure plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The packet timing transmission strategy is as follows: divide the n micro-coded optical signal transmitters in the micro-coded optical signal transmitter array into k transmission groups, each transmission group contains 3 adjacent micro-coded optical signal transmitters, set the transmission order of the transmission groups and the interval time between the groups; and execute the packet timing coded optical signal transmission according to the set transmission order and the interval time between the groups.

4. The method for identifying the status of a station-end relay protection pressure plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spectral characteristics include the dominant frequency and bandwidth; The method for obtaining spectral quantization values ​​based on spectral characteristics includes: The frequency matching degree and bandwidth ratio are calculated based on the frequency and bandwidth in the spectrum characteristics. The frequency matching degree and bandwidth ratio are multiplied to obtain the spectrum quantization value.

5. The method for identifying the status of a station-end relay protection pressure plate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method for generating the current received state vector includes: The reflected light signal with a signal quality score greater than a preset quality threshold is extracted as a high-quality reflected light signal; Assign a unique code to each micro-coded optical signal transmitter in the micro-coded optical signal transmitter array and establish a code mapping table; the code mapping table contains n code elements; Based on the encoding method recorded in the encoding mapping table, the corresponding decoding algorithm is executed on the high-quality reflected light signal to obtain the decoding result; The decoding results are matched with the encoded elements in the encoding mapping table. Based on the matching results, the association between each high-quality reflected light signal and the corresponding miniature encoded light signal transmitter is established. An empty vector of length n is initialized. Based on the correlation between the high-quality reflected light signal and the corresponding micro-coded light signal transmitter, the empty vector is assigned a value. After the assignment is completed, a current reception state vector containing n elements is generated.

6. The method for identifying the status of a station-end relay protection pressure plate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for assigning values ​​to the empty vector is as follows: if the i-th micro-coded optical signal transmitter has been confirmed to have a corresponding high-quality reflected optical signal through the association relationship, then the element at the i-th position of the empty vector is assigned the value 1; If the i-th micro-coded optical signal transmitter confirms through association that there is no corresponding high-quality reflected optical signal, then the element at the i-th position of the empty vector is assigned a value of 0; where i is the serial number of the micro-coded optical signal transmitter.

7. The method for identifying the status of a station-end relay protection pressure plate according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method for performing a continuity check on the current received state vector includes: Scan the current reception state vector. When an interruption is detected in the sequence of elements with 1 in the current reception state vector, add the micro-coded optical signal transmitter corresponding to the interruption position to the transmitter failure candidate set.

8. The method for identifying the status of a station-end relay protection pressure plate according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method for correcting the current received state vector includes: Retrieve the historical reception success rate of each miniature coded optical signal transmitter in the transmitter fault candidate set during historical detection; When the historical reception success rate of the micro-coded optical signal transmitter in the transmitter fault candidate set is less than the preset fault determination threshold, the micro-coded optical signal transmitter is confirmed as a fault transmitter, and the element at the corresponding position of the fault transmitter in the current reception state vector is compensated to 1. When the historical reception success rate of the micro-coded optical signal transmitter in the transmitter fault candidate set is greater than or equal to the fault determination threshold, it is determined to be a temporary blockage, and the element at the corresponding position in the current reception state vector is kept as 0.

9. A station-end relay protection pressure plate status identification device, used to implement the station-end relay protection pressure plate status identification method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The device includes: Optoelectronic device deployment module: used to measure the geometric parameters of the pressure plate and set a virtual baseline based on the geometric parameters of the pressure plate; install a miniature optical signal transmitting unit and a miniature optical signal receiving unit on the virtual baseline, wherein the miniature optical signal transmitting unit is a single miniature optical signal transmitter or an array of miniature coded optical signal transmitters composed of n miniature coded optical signal transmitters; Basic status identification module: If the micro optical signal transmitting unit is a single micro optical signal transmitter, then a single beam of light is projected through the micro optical signal transmitter to identify the basic status of the pressure plate. Multi-level state determination module: If the micro optical signal transmitting unit is a micro coded optical signal transmitting array composed of n micro coded optical signal transmitters, it transmits coded optical signals using a grouped timing transmission strategy. The reflected optical signals of the coded optical signals are received by the micro optical signal receiving unit, generating multi-dimensional raw signal data containing signal strength, phase characteristics, and spectral characteristics. The multi-dimensional raw signal data is subjected to progressive processing of multi-dimensional fidelity verification, encoding and decoding mapping, and vector continuity calibration to determine the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate. Based on the actual rotation angle of the pressure plate, multi-level state determination is performed on the pressure plate.

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