A high and low temperature resistant pressure switch suitable for rail transit braking system

Abstract

The present application relates to pressure controller technical field, especially suitable for rail transit brake system's high and low temperature pressure switch, including: shell, elastic diaphragm, ejector rod and switch unit, temperature sensor and elastic adjusting mechanism are arranged in the shell, the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm is reduced when temperature reduces, the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm is improved when temperature rises, compensate the influence of temperature on the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm;The present application sets up elastic silk that elasticity changes along the length direction evenly on elastic diaphragm, when temperature reduces, the elastic silk is pulled in the direction of reducing the elasticity of elastic silk, so as to reduce the elasticity of elastic diaphragm and the elastic silk below elastic diaphragm, offset the elasticity of elastic diaphragm that increases due to temperature reduction, when temperature rises, the elastic silk is pulled in the direction of reducing the elasticity of elastic silk, so as to reduce the elasticity of elastic diaphragm and the elastic silk below elastic diaphragm as a whole, offset the elasticity change brought by temperature.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pressure controller, and in particular to a high and low temperature resistant pressure switch suitable for rail transit braking system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of rail transit, the reliability of the braking system is directly related to the safety of train operation. As a key sensing element in the braking air circuit control system, the function of the pressure switch is to monitor the pipeline pressure in real time and accurately trigger the switch action when the pressure reaches the preset threshold, so as to control the on-off of the related electrical circuit and realize the application or release of braking force.

[0003] The core pressure sensing element of the pressure switch is usually an elastic diaphragm, and the working principle is to drive the electrical contact mechanism by using the elastic deformation of the diaphragm caused by the pressure of the medium. However, the train running in high-cold or high-heat areas has a very wide range of environmental temperature in the equipment cabin, which may be as low as-50℃ or even lower, or as high as 70℃ or higher. In the continuous low-temperature environment, the material tends to harden and become brittle, resulting in a decrease in sensitivity. In the high-temperature environment, the diaphragm material may experience stress relaxation and creep, causing the elastic restoring force to weaken, which also causes the action point to drift, thereby causing limitations.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a high and low temperature resistant pressure switch suitable for rail transit braking system. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a high and low temperature resistant pressure switch suitable for rail transit braking system, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and aims to solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a high and low temperature resistant pressure switch suitable for rail transit braking system, comprising:

[0007] A housing, an elastic diaphragm, a top rod and a switch unit are installed in the housing, the switch unit is installed in the housing, the top rod is slidingly connected in the housing, one end of the top rod is in contact with the elastic diaphragm, and the other end is in contact with the switch unit.

[0008] A temperature sensor and an elastic adjustment mechanism are arranged in the housing, the elastic adjustment mechanism adjusts the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm according to the temperature, the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm is reduced when the temperature is reduced, the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm is increased when the temperature is increased, and the influence of temperature on the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm is compensated.

[0009] Preferably, the elastic adjustment mechanism comprises a mounting ring, a center block and an elastic wire, the mounting ring is installed in the housing, and the mounting ring covers the outside of the elastic diaphragm.

[0010] The elastic film is connected with a fixing ring welded on the elastic film, a sliding groove is arranged on the center block, the elastic wire passes through the fixing ring and is in sliding connection with the sliding groove, a traction block is arranged on the mounting ring, a traction motor is arranged on the traction block, the output end of the traction motor is fixedly connected with a gear, the tail end of the elastic wire is connected with a traction rack, the elasticity of the elastic wire decreases uniformly along the length direction, and the upper and lower parts of the elastic wire in the center block are arranged in an up-down staggered mode.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing ring is arranged in a concentric circular ring shape on the elastic film, and the fixing rings in the diameter direction of the elastic film form a group, and one group of the fixing rings restrains one elastic wire.

[0012] Preferably, a surrounding block is arranged in annular sliding connection on the mounting ring, a surrounding motor is fixedly connected in the surrounding block, the output end of the surrounding motor is fixedly connected with a surrounding gear, and an annular rack fixedly connected with the surrounding gear is arranged on the mounting ring.

[0013] Preferably, the traction block is in sliding connection on the surrounding block, and a lifting electric push rod is connected between the traction block and the surrounding block.

[0014] By arranging the elastic wire with uniform elasticity change along the length direction on the elastic film, the elastic wire is pulled in the direction of reducing the elasticity of the elastic wire when the temperature decreases, so as to reduce the elasticity of the elastic film and the elastic wire below the elastic film, offset the increased elasticity of the elastic film due to the temperature decrease, and increase the pulling of the elastic wire in the direction of reducing the elasticity when the temperature increases, so as to reduce the elasticity of the elastic film and the elastic wire below the elastic film as a whole, and offset the elasticity change caused by the temperature.

[0015] Preferably, an annular block is fixedly connected in the shell, a connecting block is fixedly connected on the annular block, the center block is mounted on the connecting block, an extrusion ring is in sliding connection in the annular block, an extrusion block is in sliding connection on the center block, a fixed electric push rod is arranged on the annular block and the center block, the fixed electric push rod drives the corresponding extrusion block and extrusion ring to move, and the elastic wire is in sliding connection with the annular block.

[0016] Preferably, the two adjacent elastic wires are arranged in opposite directions.

[0017] By arranging the adjacent elastic wires in opposite directions, the elasticity change directions of the two adjacent elastic wires are opposite, and in combination with the arrangement of the elastic wires in a rice-shaped mode, the local stress concentration and the eccentric load of the elastic film caused by adjusting the elasticity of the elastic wire can be offset, so as to reduce the influence of stress on the elastic film itself, and the effect of the application is improved.

[0018] Advantages of the present application:

[0019] 1. The present application sets elastic wires with uniform elasticity along the length direction on the elastic diaphragm, and pulls the elastic wires in the direction of reducing the elasticity of the elastic wires when the temperature decreases, so as to reduce the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm and the elastic wires below the elastic diaphragm, offset the increased elasticity of the elastic diaphragm due to the temperature decrease, and increase the pulling of the elastic wires in the direction of reducing the elasticity of the elastic wires when the temperature increases, so as to reduce the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm and the elastic wires below the elastic diaphragm as a whole, and offset the elasticity change caused by the temperature.

[0020] 2. The present application sets the adjacent elastic wires in opposite directions, so that the elasticity change directions of the two adjacent elastic wires are opposite, and combines the elastic wires in a rice-shaped manner, so as to offset the local stress concentration and partial load of the elastic diaphragm caused by adjusting the elasticity of the elastic wires, thereby reducing the influence of stress on the elastic diaphragm itself and improving the effect of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application in a partially cutaway state;

[0023] Figure 3 is an enlarged view of A in the present application; Figure 2

[0024] Figure 4 is an enlarged view of B in the present application; Figure 2

[0025] Figure 5 is an enlarged view of C in the present application; Figure 2

[0026] Figure 6 is a cutaway view of the mounting ring, surrounding block and traction block in the present application;

[0027] Figure 7 is a cutaway view of the annular block, center block and elastic diaphragm in the present application;

[0028] Figure 8 is a position relationship diagram of the center block and elastic diaphragm in the present application.

[0029] ​​​In the figure: 1, the shell; 11, elastic diaphragm; 12, ejector rod; 13, temperature sensor; 21, mounting ring; 22, center block; 23, elastic wire; 25, fixed ring; 26, sliding groove; 27, traction block; 28, traction motor; 29, traction rack; 3, around the block; 31, around the motor; 32, around the gear; 33, ring rack; 34, lifting electric push rod; 4, ring block; 41, connecting block; 42, extrusion ring; 43, extrusion block; 44, fixed electric push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] Embodiment one: refer to the description attached Figures 1 to 8 A high and low temperature resistant pressure switch suitable for rail transit braking system, comprising:

[0032] The shell 1, the elastic diaphragm 11, the ejector rod 12 and the switch unit are installed in the shell 1, the switch unit is installed in the shell 1, the ejector rod 12 is slidably connected in the shell 1, one end of the ejector rod 12 is in contact with the elastic diaphragm 11, and the other end is in contact with the switch unit;

[0033] The temperature sensor 13 and the elastic adjusting mechanism are arranged in the shell 1, the elastic adjusting mechanism adjusts the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm 11 according to the temperature, the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm 11 is reduced when the temperature is reduced, the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm 11 is increased when the temperature is increased, and the influence of the temperature on the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm 11 is compensated.

[0034] In the present application, the elastic adjusting mechanism comprises the mounting ring 21, the center block 22 and the elastic wire 23, the mounting ring 21 is installed in the shell 1, and the mounting ring 21 covers the outer side of the elastic diaphragm 11;

[0035] The fixed ring 25 is connected to the elastic diaphragm 11, the fixed ring 25 is welded to the elastic diaphragm 11, the sliding groove 26 is formed in the center block 22, the elastic wire 23 passes through the fixed ring 25 and is slidably connected with the sliding groove 26, the traction block 27 is arranged on the mounting ring 21, the traction motor 28 is arranged on the traction block 27, the output end of the traction motor 28 is fixedly connected with a gear, the traction rack 29 is connected to the end of the elastic wire 23, the elasticity of the elastic wire 23 is uniformly reduced along the length direction, and the part of the elastic wire 23 in the center block 22 is arranged in a stacked and staggered manner.

[0036] In the application, the fixing rings 25 are arranged in concentric circle on the elastic diaphragm 11, and one group of the fixing rings 25 is arranged in the diameter direction of the elastic diaphragm 11, and the group of the fixing rings 25 restricts one elastic wire 23.

[0037] In the application, the surrounding block 3 is slidably connected to the mounting ring 21, the surrounding motor 31 is fixedly connected in the surrounding block 3, the output end of the surrounding motor 31 is fixedly connected with the surrounding gear 32, and the annular rack 33 engaged with the surrounding gear 32 is fixedly connected to the mounting ring 21.

[0038] In the application, the traction block 27 is slidably connected to the surrounding block 3, and the lifting electric push rod 34 is connected between the traction block 27 and the surrounding block 3.

[0039] In the application, the bottom of the shell 1 is connected with the pipeline through a threaded interface, the pressure medium in the pipeline enters the shell 1, the pressure medium extrudes the elastic diaphragm 11, pushes the elastic diaphragm 11 to deform and pushes the top rod 12 upward, the top rod 12 triggers the switch unit in the shell 1, the switch unit is communicated with the electric valve and other equipment, and when the pressure in the pipeline reaches a preset degree, the electric valve and other equipment are enabled to work.

[0040] The temperature sensor 13 in the shell 1 detects the temperature in the shell 1, when the application is in a low-temperature environment, the molecular thermal motion of the elastic diaphragm 11 is weakened, the interatomic binding force is enhanced, the elastic modulus of the elastic diaphragm 11 is increased, and thus the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm 11 is increased, and a greater thrust is required to push, at this time, the traction motor 28 drives the gear at the output end to rotate, the traction rack 29 and the corresponding elastic wire 23 are pulled through the gear, the part with smaller elasticity of the elastic wire 23 is located below the elastic diaphragm 11, the overall elasticity of the elastic diaphragm 11 and the elastic wire 23 in contact with the elastic diaphragm 11 is reduced, and thus the temperature is reduced, and the increase of the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm 11 is eliminated; similarly, when the ambient temperature rises, the traction motor 28 reversely drives the traction rack 29 to move, the elastic wire 23 reversely moves, the end with higher elasticity of the elastic wire 23 moves to the lower side of the elastic diaphragm 11, and thus the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm 11 is increased, and the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm 11 due to the temperature rise is offset.

[0041] In the application, the surrounding motor 31 on the surrounding block 3 drives the surrounding gear 32 to rotate, so that the surrounding block 3 moves along the annular rack 33, thereby the surrounding block 3 rotates with the traction block 27 and the traction motor 28 in the mounting ring 21, when the surrounding block 3 and the traction block 27 rotate to the lower side of the traction rack 29, the lifting electric push rod 34 pushes the traction block 27, so that the traction block 27 moves towards the traction rack 29, and the gear at the output end of the traction motor 28 is engaged with the traction rack 29, so that the traction motor 28 can drive the traction rack 29 to move the surrounding block 3 and the traction block 27, and push the traction block 27, so that all the elastic wires 23 can be pulled to adjust the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm 11.

[0042] In the application, the elastic wires 23 on the elastic diaphragm 11 are in a cross-shaped distribution, so that during the adjustment of the elastic wires 23, when a single elastic wire 23 is adjusted, the corresponding area of the elastic diaphragm 11 of the elastic wire 23 generates a slight stress concentration, and the remaining elastic wires 23 can offset the unilateral stress, thereby preventing the deformation of the corresponding area of the elastic diaphragm 11, and dispersing the stress load of the elastic diaphragm 11, thereby optimizing the adjustment effect.

[0043] The design of the elastic wires 23 with uniform elasticity along the length, combined with the cross-shaped distribution and the full-area constraint of the concentric fixed ring 25, each elastic wire 23 penetrates the diameter direction of the elastic diaphragm 11 and is tightly constrained by multiple fixed rings 25, and the fitted section of the elastic diaphragm 11 is always a continuous and uniform elastic gradient section, so that when adjusting, only the overall translation of the effective working section of the elastic wire 23 is needed, so that all areas of the elastic diaphragm 11 from the center to the edge can be switched to the adaptive elastic level at the same time, and the elastic change of the elastic diaphragm 11 caused by temperature is a uniform trend in the whole area, and the uniform elastic gradient of the elastic wire 23 precisely adapts to this uniform compensation demand; when adjusting the length of the elastic wire 23, the interval adjustment mode can be used, which can better realize the uniform and gradual compensation and reduce the non-uniformity of the elastic change.

[0044] In this invention, the elastic diaphragm 11 is placed in a high and low temperature chamber, covering the entire temperature range of -40℃ to +85℃. The temperature of the elastic diaphragm 11 is gradually changed, and gradient pressure is applied by a tensile testing machine to measure the elastic modulus (E) and deformation of the diaphragm at different temperatures. This establishes the "temperature ΔT - diaphragm elastic increment ΔK membrane" curve of the elastic diaphragm 11, obtaining data on the change of elastic modulus of the elastic diaphragm 11 with temperature. Then, the same method is used to measure the change of elastic modulus of the elastic wire 23 with temperature. Based on the change data, the distance of movement of the elastic wire 23 corresponding to a unit temperature change is calculated. The combined elastic diaphragm 11 and elastic wire 23 are then placed in the high and low temperature chamber, and the change of elastic modulus of the combined elastic diaphragm 11 and elastic wire 23 is detected. The movement distance of the elastic wire 23 is adjusted for calibration, thereby establishing a temperature-elastic wire movement distance comparison table to obtain standardized data.

[0045] This invention provides an elastic filament 23 on an elastic diaphragm 11, the elasticity of which varies uniformly along its length. When the temperature decreases, the elastic filament 23 is pulled in the direction that reduces its elasticity, thereby reducing the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm 11 and the elastic filament 23 below it, thus offsetting the increase in elasticity of the elastic diaphragm 11 due to the decrease in temperature. When the temperature increases, the elastic filament 23 is pulled further in the direction that reduces its elasticity, thereby reducing the overall elasticity of the elastic diaphragm 11 and the elastic filament 23 below it, thus offsetting the elasticity changes caused by temperature.

[0046] Example 2: Based on Example 1, refer to the appendix of the instruction manual. Figures 1 to 8 In this invention, an annular block 4 is fixedly connected inside the outer shell 1, a connecting block 41 is fixedly connected to the annular block 4, a central block 22 is installed on the connecting block 41, a compression ring 42 is slidably connected inside the annular block 4, a compression block 43 is slidably connected to the central block 22, a fixed electric push rod 44 is provided on the annular block 4 and the central block 22, the fixed electric push rod 44 drives the corresponding compression block 43 and compression ring 42 to move, and the elastic wire 23 is slidably connected to the annular block 4.

[0047] In this invention, two adjacent elastic wires 23 are arranged with opposite orientations.

[0048] In this invention, when adjusting the elasticity of the elastic wire 23 below the elastic diaphragm 11, the fixed electric push rod 44 on the annular block 4 and the central block 22 pulls down the compression ring 42 and the compression block 43. After the elasticity of the elastic wire 23 is adjusted, the compression ring 42 on the annular block 4, under the action of the fixed electric push rod 44, compresses and fixes the elastic wire 23. The compression block 43 on the central block 22 supports the elastic wire 23 from below, so that the elastic wire 23 below the elastic diaphragm 11 is completely in contact with the elastic diaphragm 11, and can also prevent the elastic wire 23 from loosening and affecting the pressure that the elastic diaphragm 11 can withstand.

[0049] The arrangement of the two adjacent elastic wires 23 is opposite, so that the elastic changes of the two adjacent elastic wires 23 are opposite, reverse mechanical cooperation can be realized, the partial load and torsional stress caused by the adjustment of a single elastic wire 23 can be offset, and therefore the effect of the elastic wire 23 is improved.

[0050] The elastic change of the elastic diaphragm 11 caused by temperature is uniform change of the whole elastic diaphragm 11, although the elastic adjustment of the adjacent elastic wires 23 is opposite, the contribution to the overall elasticity is always in the same direction (the elasticity is reduced at low temperature, and the elasticity is improved at high temperature), the adjustment range is controlled by quantitative calibration, the overall elastic change of the diaphragm is precisely offset, the core function of the reverse arrangement is to offset the local partial load stress caused by single adjustment (for example, one elastic wire applies a radial tensile force, and the other elastic wire applies a radial pressure, to form a balanced “couple”), combined with the double constraints of the fixing ring 25 and the center block 22, the positioning and locking of the extrusion mechanism, and the adjustment proportion control of the whole temperature zone calibration, the local stress concentration caused by the adjustment of the elastic wire 23 is avoided, and the force deviation of each region of the diaphragm is reduced, so that the force consistency of the diaphragm is not damaged.

[0051] The present application can offset the local stress concentration and partial load of the elastic diaphragm 11 caused by the adjustment of the elastic wire 23 by reversely arranging the adjacent elastic wires 23, so that the elastic change directions of the two adjacent elastic wires 23 are opposite, and combining the elastic wire 23 arranged in a meander shape, thereby reducing the influence of stress on the elastic diaphragm 11 itself, and improving the effect of the present application.

[0052] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application, and various changes and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application; the scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high and low temperature resistant pressure switch suitable for rail transit braking system, characterized in that: The shell (1), the elastic diaphragm (11), the ejector rod (12) and the switch unit, the switch unit and the elastic diaphragm (11) are installed in the shell (1), the switch unit is installed in the shell (1), the ejector rod (12) is slidably connected in the shell (1), one end of the ejector rod (12) is in contact with the elastic diaphragm (11), and the other end is in contact with the switch unit; A temperature sensor (13) and an elastic adjusting mechanism are arranged in the shell (1), the elastic adjusting mechanism adjusts the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm (11) according to temperature, the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm (11) is reduced when the temperature is reduced, the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm (11) is increased when the temperature is increased, and the influence of temperature on the elasticity of the elastic diaphragm (11) is compensated; The elastic adjusting mechanism comprises a mounting ring (21), a center block (22) and an elastic wire (23), the mounting ring (21) is installed in the shell (1), and the mounting ring (21) covers the outer side of the elastic diaphragm (11); The elastic diaphragm (11) is connected with a fixed ring (25), the fixed ring (25) is welded on the elastic diaphragm (11), a sliding groove (26) is formed in the center block (22), the elastic wire (23) passes through the fixed ring (25) and is slidably connected with the sliding groove (26), a traction block (27) is arranged on the mounting ring (21), a traction motor (28) is arranged on the traction block (27), the output end of the traction motor (28) is fixedly connected with a gear, the end of the elastic wire (23) is connected with a traction rack (29), the elasticity of the elastic wire (23) is uniformly reduced along the length direction, and the parts of the elastic wire (23) in the center block (22) are arranged in up-down stacked and staggered mode; The fixed ring (25) is arranged in concentric circular ring shape on the elastic diaphragm (11), and the fixed ring (25) in the diameter direction of the elastic diaphragm (11) is a group, and one group of the fixed ring (25) restricts one elastic wire (23).

2. The high and low temperature resistant pressure switch suitable for rail transit braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting ring (21) is annularly and slidably connected with a surrounding block (3), the surrounding block (3) is fixedly connected with a surrounding motor (31) therein, the output end of the surrounding motor (31) is fixedly connected with a surrounding gear (32), and the mounting ring (21) is fixedly connected with an annular rack (33) engaged with the surrounding gear (32).

3. The high and low temperature resistant pressure switch suitable for rail transit braking system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The traction block (27) is slidably connected on the surrounding block (3), and the traction block (27) is connected with the surrounding block (3) through a lifting electric push rod (34).

4. The high and low temperature resistant pressure switch suitable for rail transit braking system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shell (1) is fixedly connected with a ring-shaped block (4), the ring-shaped block (4) is fixedly connected with a connecting block (41), the center block (22) is installed on the connecting block (41), the ring-shaped block (4) is slidably connected with an extrusion ring (42), the center block (22) is slidably connected with an extrusion block (43), the ring-shaped block (4) and the center block (22) are provided with fixed electric push rods (44), the fixed electric push rods (44) drive the corresponding extrusion block (43) and the extrusion ring (42) to move, and the elastic wire (23) is slidably connected with the ring-shaped block (4).

5. The high and low temperature resistant pressure switch suitable for rail transit braking system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two adjacent elastic wires (23) are placed in opposite directions.

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