Method for improving bioavailability of feather meal protein produced by different processes through irradiation

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the protein bioavailability of feather meal produced by different processes through irradiation, which is characterized in that an accelerator production line is put, and the processed feather meal is subjected to electron irradiation to improve the acid soluble protein content. The irradiation technology can be used for cracking feather keratin which is difficult to degrade, so that the amount of soluble protein in the feather meal is increased; irradiation has breaking and oxidation modification effects on protein, and the irradiation treatment can break disulfide bonds, hydrogen bonds, salt bonds and the like in the protein, so that secondary and tertiary structures of the protein are changed, and protein denaturation and function loss are caused.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The technical scheme provided by the application is applied to the field of feather meal processing and is a method for improving the bioavailability of feather meal protein produced by different processes through irradiation. BACKGROUND

[0002] The application of feather meal in the feed industry can be traced back to half a century ago, and it has always been one of the important animal proteins to replace fish meal, but the replacement ratio, promotion range and quantity are still hovering at a low level. Up to now, the old problems such as low bioavailability of feather meal processing, pollution in the production process and unstable quality of feather meal still exist, and the feather meal processing technology has not made a breakthrough, which has led to the slow development of the feather meal industry and hindered the development and utilization of feather meal as a natural animal protein feed resource.

[0003] Feather meal processing has experienced three development stages of hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis and puffing, and various processing technologies such as high-temperature and high-pressure hydrolysis, acid and alkali chemical hydrolysis, microbial enzymatic hydrolysis and extrusion puffing have been formed, but these processing technologies all have different degrees of technical defects, which seriously affect the bioavailability of feather meal protein.

[0004] The application scheme proposes the application of irradiation technology combined with the feather meal industry, which realizes the cleavage of disulfide bonds in feather meal through irradiation technology and improves the bioavailability. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a method for improving the bioavailability of feather meal protein produced by different processes through irradiation, which processes the traditional processing technology of feather meal products through feather meal irradiation equipment, and directly improves the bioavailability of feather meal.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] The technical scheme of the method for improving the bioavailability of feather meal protein produced by different processes through irradiation is that the processed feather meal is subjected to electron irradiation through an accelerator production line to improve the acid-soluble protein content.

[0008] The technical scheme of the method for improving the bioavailability of feather meal protein produced by different processes through irradiation is that the processed feather meal is subjected to electron irradiation through an accelerator production line to improve the acid-soluble protein content.

[0009] The method for improving the bioavailability of feather powder protein produced by different processes through irradiation has the technical scheme that the optimal irradiation dose of feather powder produced by different processes is different, and in the set irradiation gradient, the optimal dose of the ordinary feather powder group is 50kGy, the optimal dose of the hydrolysis group is 20kGy, the optimal dose of the enzyme hydrolysis group is 50kGy, and the optimal dose of the puffing group is 30kGy.

[0010] The method for improving the bioavailability of feather powder protein produced by different processes through irradiation has the technical scheme that the accelerator production line adopts an ELV or a dyna type accelerator, or a linear electron accelerator.

[0011] The method for improving the bioavailability of feather powder protein produced by different processes through irradiation has the technical scheme that when the above three devices are used for irradiation degradation of feather powder, the dose rate of the cobalt source is 4kGy / h, the dose rate of the linear accelerator is 3.5kGy / s, and the dose rate of the ELV accelerator is 15.7kGy / s.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that:

[0013] The patent is based on the original traditional process, and the bioavailability of feather powder is improved through special irradiation equipment.

[0014] The irradiation technology treatment can crack the difficult-to-degrade feather keratin, and improve the amount of soluble protein of the feather powder; irradiation has the effects of breaking and oxidative modification on protein, and irradiation treatment can break the disulfide bond, hydrogen bond and salt bond in the protein, so as to change the secondary and tertiary structures of the protein, cause the denaturation and loss of function of the protein. The dose of irradiation is a key factor affecting the damage degree of the protein structure. Low-dose irradiation causes partial unfolding or local structure change, while high-dose irradiation can cause the breakage of the primary structure molecular chain of the protein, so as to cause complete denaturation of the protein. The free radicals and active oxygen species (ROS) generated by irradiation can indirectly act on the protein, and further affect the spatial conformation and function of the protein.

[0015] The electronic irradiation significantly improves the content of acid-soluble protein of the feather powder.

[0016] After electron irradiation, the acid-soluble protein content of feather powder (ordinary feather powder, hydrolyzed feather powder, enzymatic feather powder, and expanded feather powder) of different processing techniques was increased to varying degrees, with the greatest increase in enzymatic feather powder, reaching 29.1% at 50 kGy. The optimal irradiation dose for feather powder of different processing techniques differed, with the optimal dose for ordinary feather powder being 50 kGy, 20 kGy for the hydrolyzed group, 50 kGy for the enzymatic group, and 30 kGy for the expanded group. Comprehensive analysis showed that an irradiation intensity of 30 kGy was suitable for improving the soluble protein content of feather powder of the four different processing techniques.

[0017] Electron irradiation can significantly change the protein structure of feather powder.

[0018] The effect of electron irradiation on the protein structure of feather powder of different processing techniques was detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that after irradiation at 30 kGy, the peak shift and transmittance increase occurred to varying degrees, except for the amide I band, indicating that the polypeptide chain formed a rope-like structure after irradiation of enzymatic feather powder, with partial hydrogen bonds broken, resulting in a loose structure that was easily digested and improved the nutritional value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the changes in acid-soluble protein of feather powder of different processing techniques treated by electron irradiation.

[0020] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the effect of electron irradiation on enzymatic feather powder detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only for illustration of the present application and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present application. If the specific conditions are not specified in the examples, the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used.

[0022] The application discloses a method for improving bioavailability of feather powder protein produced by different processes through irradiation. The technical scheme is as follows: the processed feather powder is subjected to electron irradiation through an accelerator production line to improve the content of acid-soluble protein, and the processed feather is any one of ordinary feather powder, hydrolyzed feather powder, enzymatic feather powder and puffed feather powder. The optimal irradiation dose of feather powder produced by different processes is different. In the set irradiation gradient, the optimal dose of the ordinary feather powder group is 50 kGy, the optimal dose of the hydrolyzed group is 20 kGy, the optimal dose of the enzymatic group is 50 kGy, and the optimal dose of the puffed group is 30 kGy. The accelerator production line adopts an ELV or a denami type accelerator, or a linear type electron accelerator. When the above three devices are used for irradiation degradation of the feather powder, the dose rate of a cobalt source is 4 kGy / h, the dose rate of the linear accelerator is 3.5 kGy / s, and the dose rate of the ELV accelerator is 15.7 kGy / s

[0023] In the existing feather powder enterprise, an electron accelerator device is arranged to irradiate the feather powder. Since the irradiation has a degradation effect on natural macromolecules, the subsequent hydrolysis or enzymolysis can be positively synergized, the post-processing is facilitated and / or more thorough, and thus the content of the acid-soluble protein after processing is increased. The irradiation dose is calculated according to 10 kGy / 100 yuan / ton, and the final irradiation dose needs to be obtained through experiments. Since the natural macromolecules are subjected to chain breaking and degradation under high-dose electron beam bombardment, the molecular weight is reduced, and thus the subsequent enzymolysis, hydrolysis or microbial fermentation treatment is facilitated.

Claims

1. A method for improving the bioavailability of feather meal protein produced by different processes through irradiation, characterized in that, An accelerator production line is deployed to irradiate processed feather powder with electrons, increasing the content of acid-soluble proteins.

2. The method for improving the bioavailability of feather meal protein produced by different processes through irradiation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The processed feathers are made from any one of the following: ordinary feather powder, hydrolyzed feather powder, enzymatically hydrolyzed feather powder, and puffed feather powder.

3. The method for improving the bioavailability of feather meal protein produced by different processes through irradiation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The optimal irradiation dose for feather meal varies depending on the processing technology. Within the set irradiation gradient, the optimal dose is 50 kGy for the ordinary feather meal group, 20 kGy for the hydrolyzed group, 50 kGy for the enzymatic hydrolysis group, and 30 kGy for the puffed group.

4. The method for improving the bioavailability of feather meal protein produced by different processes through irradiation as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The accelerator production line uses ELV or Dinami type accelerators, or linear electron accelerators.

5. The method for improving the bioavailability of feather meal protein produced by different processes through irradiation as described in claim 4, characterized in that: When the above three devices are used to irradiate and degrade feather powder, the dose rate of the cobalt source is 4 kGy / h, the dose rate of the linear accelerator is 3.5 kGy / s, and the dose rate of the ELV accelerator is 15.7 kGy / s.

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