Straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning preparation device and process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer conditioning matching devices, in particular to a straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning preparation device and a process thereof.The straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning preparation device comprises a conditioning bin, a rubbing machine, a fixing mechanism and a loosening device, and the rubbing machine, the fixing mechanism and the loosening device are arranged in the conditioning bin; sliding grooves are formed in the outer walls, close to the top corners, of the left and right ends of the bin body. According to the straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning preparation device and the process thereof, materials are rubbed and sheared through wavy grooves in the outer wall by utilizing a differential rotating curved surface roller, and liquid additives and inert gas are sprayed in a partitioned manner at a specific included angle in cooperation with nozzles arranged on a front fixing pipe and a rear fixing pipe in a fixing mechanism; the problem of inactivation of the microbial inoculum caused by mechanical friction heat is effectively inhibited through the instantaneous diffusion and cooling effect of the gas while the precise instantaneous mixing of the material and the additive in the meshing area is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fertilizer conditioning equipment technology, specifically to a straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning and preparation device and its process. Background Technology

[0002] The conditioning and preparation technology of straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer uses agricultural waste straw as the main raw material. Through targeted biological fermentation technology, the large molecular organic matter such as lignocellulose in the straw is transformed into natural humic acid core components. On this basis, through a unique conditioning process, beneficial microbial agents, mineral elements and other functional additives are precisely formulated to achieve synergistic and enhanced nutrient effects.

[0003] Patent application number CN202022294475.X discloses an organic fertilizer conditioning device, including a box body, an inlet pipe on the upper side of the box body, an outlet pipe on the outer side of the box body, a vibration box inside the box body, the lower end of the inlet pipe extending into the interior of the vibration box, a filtration mechanism for filtering raw materials inside the box body, and a processing mechanism for processing large-particle raw materials inside the box body. It can screen out large-particle organic fertilizer and crush the large-particle organic fertilizer, thereby ensuring the quality of conditioning and improving the efficiency of conditioning.

[0004] However, traditional mixing devices lack efficient shearing and precise addition synergistic structures. They typically use simple stirring blades or single-speed rollers for mixing, which not only fails to effectively break up fiber clumps in straw organic fertilizer, resulting in poor mixing uniformity, but also easily causes local overheating or clumping when adding liquid functional agents, making it impossible to achieve instantaneous uniform mixing of materials and additives. Furthermore, it cannot solve the problem of active bacteria inactivation caused by heat generated by mechanical friction. Secondly, the equipment has a single function and lacks a linkage pretreatment mechanism based on the main working power. The feed inlet is often blocked due to the entanglement and bridging of fiber materials, which seriously affects the continuity and stability of production. It often requires manual intervention and shutdown, increasing the complexity of operation and restricting the overall production efficiency.

[0005] In view of this, we propose a device and process for preparing straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a conditioning and preparation device and process for straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer. By using a differentially rotating curved roller, and in conjunction with nozzles located in the front and rear fixed pipes of the fixed mechanism, liquid additives and inert gas are sprayed in a specific angle zone to achieve precise and instantaneous mixing of materials and additives in the meshing zone, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A conditioning and preparation device for straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer includes a conditioning chamber and a kneading machine, a fixing mechanism and a loosening device disposed inside the conditioning chamber; The conditioning chamber includes a chamber body, and the outer walls at both ends of the chamber body are provided with grooves near the top corners; The kneading machine includes a pair of motors, a curved roller driven by the motors, and cams disposed on both sides of the curved roller. The curved roller has several through holes that pass through the inner and outer sides in the groove of the outer wall. The fixing mechanism includes a pair of fixing tubes and several nozzles disposed on the outer wall of the fixing tubes, and the spray angles of the several nozzles on the outer wall of the pair of fixing tubes are angled together. The loosening device includes a pair of frame bars, a sliding plate disposed above the frame bars, a square plate disposed between the pair of sliding plates, round rods disposed at both ends of the square plate, and a number of loosening rods disposed on the outer wall of the square plate; The cam in this configuration rotates with the curved roller, causing the frame bar to rise and fall. The slide plate drives the round rod to move along the slide groove, causing the square plate and several loosening rods to move back and forth laterally.

[0008] In the technical solution of the present invention, the conditioning silo further includes a hopper fixedly connected to the bottom opening of the silo body by bolts, a silo cover fixedly connected to the outer walls of the left and right ends of the silo body by bolts, a pair of bent plates welded to the inner side of the top opening of the silo body, several square frames welded to the inner wall of the silo body, two sets of protruding plates welded to the outer wall of the silo body, and a pair of scrapers.

[0009] In the technical solution of the present invention, the outer walls at both ends of the hopper are welded with brackets for connecting external support mechanisms. The longitudinal section of the bending plate is L-shaped, and the vertical plate of the bending plate has several through-holes. The square frame is located on the outside of the slide groove, and the convex plate is located below the slide groove.

[0010] The above-mentioned setup constitutes the core load-bearing and working space of the device. Through the coordinated operation of components such as hoppers, bin covers, and bending plates, the overall structural strength is ensured, and a precise guiding and supporting foundation is provided for the subsequent kneading and loosening functions.

[0011] In the technical solution of the present invention, the motor is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bracket on the outer wall of the bin cover by bolts, the curved roller is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bin body, the outer wall of the curved roller is provided with several regularly distributed wavy grooves, and a pair of curved rollers mesh with each other and leave a gap for fertilizer to pass through.

[0012] In the technical solution of the present invention, both the left and right ends of the curved roller are fixedly connected to cover plates by bolts, the central tube of the cover plate located on the left side is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the cam is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central tube of the cover plate by a locking pin.

[0013] The above setup achieves powerful kneading and shearing of materials through differentially rotating curved rollers, which is the key execution unit for completing the core mixing and conditioning function. At the same time, its rotation provides a power source for the loosener through cams.

[0014] In the technical solution of the present invention, the size of the fixed tube is adapted to the internal size of the curved roller, and the end tubes of the front and rear fixed tubes are respectively fixedly connected to the pipelines of liquid additive and inert gas through flanges. The end tube of the fixed tube located on the rear side has a circular hole for the inner and outer tubes, and the nozzle is threadedly connected to the opening in the outer wall of the fixed tube.

[0015] In the technical solution of the present invention, the fixing mechanism further includes a connecting ring sleeved on the outside of the end tube of the fixing tube and snapped onto the cover plate, a fixing ring sleeved on the outside of the connecting ring, a connecting tube snapped onto the outer wall of the fixing ring, and an air tube snapped onto the end tube of the connecting tube and extending into the front fixing tube. The outer wall of the connecting ring is provided with a connecting hole for the inner and outer tubes.

[0016] The above setup utilizes fixed pipes and nozzles to achieve timed, directional, and zoned injection of gaseous and liquid additives in key mixing areas, avoiding fluid interference and forming a synergistic effect mechanism. This is the core of achieving low-temperature, high-efficiency mixing and activity protection. The liquid additives mainly consist of humic acid or fulvic acid extracts and liquid microbial agents, which serve as core active substances to enhance the physiological activity of fertilizers, stimulate crop growth, and achieve instantaneous and uniform mixing with solid materials.

[0017] In the technical solution of the present invention, the frame bar abuts against the cam, and a slide rod slidably connected in the protrusion plate is engaged between the frame bar and the slide plate, and the slide plate is provided with a groove inside.

[0018] In the technical solution of the present invention, the square plate is slidably connected to the inside of the two square frames, the round rod is snapped and fixed to the square plate and its end extends into the inside of the groove, and the loose rod is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the square plate and slidably connected to the inside of the bent plate.

[0019] The above setup utilizes the transmission power of the kneading machine to convert the rotary motion into the horizontal reciprocating motion of the loosening rod through mechanisms such as cams and slide bars, thereby achieving automatic unblocking and pre-crushing of the feed inlet and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of subsequent processes.

[0020] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a conditioning and preparation process for straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps: S1. First, collect rice, wheat and corn crop straw, use a straw crusher to crush the straw into small pieces, and then send it into a cyclone separator to remove dust and impurities. Then, send the straw with a quantitative amount of livestock and poultry manure, water and compound microbial agent into a twin-shaft mixer for powerful mixing. The mixed material is then sent to the fermentation section by a belt conveyor and evenly spread in the fermentation chamber by a mobile spreader. S2. After the material enters the fermentation chamber, based on the feedback from the temperature sensor, the automatic turning machine and high-pressure aeration system at the bottom of the chamber automatically turn and ventilate, so that the pile can be heated up quickly to achieve rapid decomposition and kill pathogens. Then, the material after high-temperature fermentation is transported to the aging chamber through the discharge machine for aging in a low-temperature environment. S3. Next, the aged material is fed into the conditioning silo by a quantitative feeder, and solid additives are fed into the conditioning silo at the same time. Two motors are started to drive two curved rollers to rotate in opposite directions, and the speeds of the two curved rollers are controlled to be fast and slow respectively. When the through holes on the outer wall of the curved rollers coincide with several nozzles, the liquid additives and inert gas in the two fixed tubes in the fixing mechanism are sprayed out from the through holes through several nozzles respectively. S4. Before the material passes through the meshing area of ​​the differential roller, the cam that rotates with the curved roller drives the frame bar to rise and fall, and drives the slide plate to move up and down repeatedly through the slide rod, which in turn drives the round rod to move along the slide groove, thereby driving the square plate and the loosening rod to move back and forth laterally, breaking up any materials that may clump together in advance. S5. When the material passes through the meshing area of ​​the differential rollers, it is strongly kneaded and sheared by the two differential curved rollers. Inert gas and liquid additives are sprayed in at precise positions to fully mix the material with the solid and liquid additives. Then, the uniformly conditioned material falls directly into the disc granulator and is pressed into high-strength, uniformly sized granules. S6. After granulation, the wet granules enter the rotary dryer and the counter-current cooler in sequence. Hot air at 80-100℃ is used to reduce the moisture content of the granules to the industry standard. The counter-current cooler uses room temperature air to quickly cool the high temperature granules to near room temperature to prevent clumping and facilitate storage. Subsequently, the cooled granules are screened by a vibrating grading screen to separate the finished products with qualified particle size. Finally, they are weighed, packaged, and stored by a quantitative packaging machine.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning and preparation device and its process utilize a differentially rotating curved roller to knead and shear the material through the outer wall wave groove. In conjunction with the nozzles in the fixed mechanism located in the front and rear fixed pipes, liquid additives and inert gas are sprayed in a specific angle zone. This achieves precise and instantaneous mixing of the material and additives in the meshing zone. At the same time, the instantaneous diffusion and cooling effect of the gas effectively suppresses the problem of inactivation of microbial agents caused by mechanical friction heat.

[0022] 2. The straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning and preparation device and its process directly convert the rotational power of the main working component into the linear motion of the auxiliary mechanism. Before the material enters the core conditioning zone, the reciprocating loosening rod can break up and loosen the clumps of fertilizer in advance, effectively solving the problem of bridging and clogging at the feed inlet of fiber-rich straw organic fertilizer. This ensures that the subsequent material can enter the kneading zone evenly and continuously, avoiding production interruption. Furthermore, the pre-loosening treatment lays a solid foundation for achieving highly uniform mixing and conditioning in the subsequent process, significantly improving the stability and continuity of the entire production line. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the conditioning tank in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the kneading machine in this invention; Figure 5 This is a partial structural breakdown diagram of the kneading machine in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the fixing mechanism in this invention; Figure 8 This is a partial sectional side view of the fixing mechanism in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the loosening device in this invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Conditioning bin; 110. Bin body; 111. Chute; 120. Hopper; 130. Bin cover; 140. Bending plate; 150. Square frame; 160. Convex plate; 170. Scraper; 200. Kneading machine; 210. Motor; 220. Curved roller; 221. Through hole; 230. Cover plate; 240. Cam; 300. Fixing mechanism; 310. Fixing tube; 320. Nozzle; 330. Connecting ring; 331. Connecting hole; 340. Fixing ring; 350. Connecting tube; 360. Air tube; 400, Loosening device; 410, Frame strip; 420, Slide bar; 430, Slide plate; 431, Groove; 440, Square plate; 450, Round bar; 460, Loosening bar. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] Please see Figures 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides the following technical solution: A conditioning and preparation device for straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer includes a conditioning chamber 100 and a kneading machine 200, a fixing mechanism 300 and a loosening device 400 disposed inside the conditioning chamber 100. Specifically, the conditioning chamber 100 includes a chamber body 110, and grooves 111 are provided on the outer walls of the left and right ends of the chamber body 110 near the top corners.

[0026] Furthermore, the conditioning silo 100 also includes a hopper 120 fixedly connected to the bottom opening of the silo body 110 by bolts, a silo cover 130 fixedly connected to the outer walls of the left and right ends of the silo body 110 by bolts, a pair of bent plates 140 welded to the inner side of the top opening of the silo body 110, several square frames 150 welded to the inner wall of the silo body 110, two sets of protruding plates 160 welded to the outer wall of the silo body 110, and a pair of scrapers 170.

[0027] Furthermore, the outer walls at both ends of the hopper 110 are welded with supports for connecting external support mechanisms. The longitudinal section of the bent plate 140 is L-shaped. The vertical plate of the bent plate 140 has several through holes. The square frame 150 is located on the outside of the slide groove 111, and the protruding plate 160 is located below the slide groove 111.

[0028] Furthermore, the bin body 110, hopper 120, and bin cover 130 are used to ensure the overall structural strength of the conditioning bin 100. The chute 111 is inclined with a lower inner slope and a higher outer slope. The bending plate 140, the square frame 150, and the convex plate 160 are all used to provide a sliding range for the structure in the loosening device 400. The scraper 170 is used to clean the structure in the kneading machine 200. This arrangement constitutes the core load-bearing and working space of the device. Through the coordinated cooperation of components such as the hopper 120, bin cover 130, and bending plate 140, the overall structural strength is ensured, and a precise guiding and supporting foundation is provided for the subsequent kneading and loosening functions.

[0029] Please see Figures 4-5 As shown, in this embodiment, the kneading machine 200 includes a pair of motors 210, a curved roller 220 driven by the motors 210, and cams 240 disposed on both sides of the curved roller 220. The curved roller 220 has several through holes 221 that pass through the inner and outer sides in the groove of the outer wall.

[0030] Specifically, the motor 210 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bracket on the outer wall of the bin cover 130 by bolts, the curved roller 220 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bin body 110, the outer wall of the curved roller 220 is provided with several regularly distributed wavy grooves, and a pair of curved rollers 220 mesh with each other and leave a gap for fertilizer to pass through.

[0031] Furthermore, both ends of the curved roller 220 are fixedly connected to cover plates 230 by bolts. The central tube of the cover plate 230 on the left side is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the motor 210, and the cam 240 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central tube of the cover plate 230 by a snap pin.

[0032] Furthermore, after the two motors 210 are started, they drive the two curved rollers 220 to rotate in opposite directions, and control the speed of the two curved rollers 220 to be fast and slow respectively. The material is strongly kneaded and sheared by the two curved rollers 220 with different speeds. The through hole 221 is used to provide a range for the spraying of inert gas and liquid additives. The cover plate 230 is used to ensure the strength of the curved rollers 220. The cam 240 is used to rotate with the curved rollers 220 and drive the structural movement in the loosener 400. This setting realizes strong kneading and shearing of the material through the differentially rotating curved rollers 220. It is the key execution unit to complete the core mixing and conditioning function. At the same time, its rotation provides the power source for the loosener 400 through the cam 240. The kneaded solid additives are mainly composed of functional microbial agents, such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, and chelates of trace elements, such as boron, zinc and iron. Their function is to inject specific biological functions and balanced nutrition into the fertilizer to promote crop growth and improve the soil micro-ecology.

[0033] Please see Figures 6-8 As shown, in this embodiment, the fixing mechanism 300 includes a pair of fixing tubes 310 and a plurality of nozzles 320 disposed on the outer wall of the fixing tubes 310. The spray angles of the plurality of nozzles 320 on the outer wall of the pair of fixing tubes 310 are angled.

[0034] Specifically, the dimensions of the fixed tube 310 are adapted to the internal dimensions of the curved roller 220. The end tubes of the front and rear fixed tubes 310 are respectively fixedly connected to the pipelines of liquid additive and inert gas through flanges. The end tube of the rear fixed tube 310 has round holes for the inner and outer tubes. The nozzle 320 is threaded into the opening on the outer wall of the fixed tube 310.

[0035] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism 300 also includes a connecting ring 330 sleeved on the outside of the end tube of the fixing tube 310 and snapped into the cover plate 230, a fixing ring 340 sleeved on the outside of the connecting ring 330, a connecting tube 350 snapped into the outer wall of the fixing ring 340, and an air tube 360 ​​snapped into the end tube of the connecting tube 350 and extending into the front fixing tube 310. The outer wall of the connecting ring 330 is provided with a connecting hole 331 for the inner and outer tubes.

[0036] Furthermore, when the through hole 221 on the outer wall of the curved roller 220 coincides with several nozzles 320, the liquid additive and inert gas in the two fixed tubes 310 of the fixing mechanism 300 are sprayed out from the through hole 221 through several nozzles 320. The included angle between the spray angles of the several nozzles 320 on the two fixed tubes 310 avoids the mutual collision and cancellation of the gas and liquid streams, forming a synergistic effect of first blowing and loosening, and then wetting and penetrating. This achieves more uniform mixing, more efficient heat exchange, and better activity protection. At the same time, the connecting ring 330 rotates synchronously with the cover plate 230. When the connecting hole 331 connects the tube body at the end of the fixed tube 310... After the round hole is connected to the connecting pipe 350, air is injected into another fixed pipe 310 through the air pipe 360 ​​to maintain the pressure in the other fixed pipe 310. This setting uses the fixed pipe 310 and the nozzle 320 to realize the timed, directional and zoned spraying of gas and liquid additives in the key mixing area, avoiding fluid interference and forming a synergistic effect mechanism. It is the core of achieving low-temperature high-efficiency mixing and activity protection. The liquid additive is mainly humic acid or fulvic acid extract and liquid microbial agent. Its role is to act as the core active substance to enhance the physiological activity of fertilizer, stimulate crop growth, and achieve instantaneous uniform mixing with solid materials.

[0037] Please see Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the loosening device 400 includes a pair of frame bars 410, a sliding plate 430 disposed above the frame bars 410, a square plate 440 disposed between the pair of sliding plates 430, round rods 450 disposed at both ends of the square plate 440, and a plurality of loosening rods 460 disposed on the outer wall of the square plate 440. The cam 240 rotates with the curved roller 220, driving the frame bars 410 to rise and fall. The sliding plate 430 drives the round rods 450 to move along the slide groove 111, driving the square plate 440 together with the plurality of loosening rods 460 to move back and forth laterally.

[0038] Specifically, the frame 410 abuts against the cam 240, and a slide rod 420 slidably connected in the protrusion 160 is engaged between the frame 410 and the slide plate 430. The slide plate 430 has a groove 431 inside.

[0039] Furthermore, the square plate 440 is slidably connected to the inside of the two square frames 150, the round rod 450 is snapped and fixed to the square plate 440 and its end extends into the inside of the slot 431, and the loosening rod 460 is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the square plate 440 and slidably connected to the inside of the bent plate 140.

[0040] Furthermore, before the material passes through the meshing area of ​​the differential roller, the cam 240, which rotates with the curved roller 220, drives the frame bar 410 to rise and fall. Through the slide bar 420, the slide plate 430 moves up and down reciprocally, which in turn drives the round rod 450 to move along the slide groove 111. This, in turn, drives the square plate 440 and the loosening rod 460 to move back and forth laterally, breaking up any potentially clumped material in advance. This setting utilizes the transmission power of the kneading machine 200 to convert the rotational motion into the horizontal reciprocating motion of the loosening rod 460 through the cam 240 and slide bar 420 and other mechanisms, realizing automatic unblocking and pre-crushing of the feed inlet and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of subsequent processes.

[0041] The process for conditioning and preparing straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. First, collect rice, wheat and corn crop straw, use a straw crusher to crush the straw into small pieces, and then send it into a cyclone separator to remove dust and impurities. Then, send the straw with a quantitative amount of livestock and poultry manure, water and compound microbial agent into a twin-shaft mixer for powerful mixing. The mixed material is then sent to the fermentation section by a belt conveyor and evenly spread in the fermentation chamber by a mobile spreader. S2. After the material enters the fermentation chamber, based on the feedback from the temperature sensor, the automatic turning machine and high-pressure aeration system at the bottom of the chamber automatically turn and ventilate, so that the pile can be heated up quickly to achieve rapid decomposition and kill pathogens. Then, the material after high-temperature fermentation is transported to the aging chamber through the discharge machine for aging in a low-temperature environment. S3. Next, the aged material is fed into the conditioning silo 100 by a quantitative feeder, and solid additives are fed into the conditioning silo 100 at the same time. Two motors 210 are started to drive two curved rollers 220 to rotate in opposite directions, and the speeds of the two curved rollers 220 are controlled to be fast and slow respectively. When the through hole 221 on the outer wall of the curved roller 220 coincides with several nozzles 320, the liquid additives and inert gas in the two fixed tubes 310 in the fixing mechanism 300 are sprayed out from the through hole 221 through several nozzles 320 respectively. S4. Before the material passes through the meshing area of ​​the differential roller, the cam 240, which rotates with the curved roller 220, drives the frame bar 410 to rise and fall. The slide bar 420 drives the slide plate 430 to move up and down repeatedly, which in turn drives the round rod 450 to move along the slide groove 111, thereby driving the square plate 440 and the loosening rod 460 to move back and forth laterally, breaking up any materials that may clump together in advance. S5. When the material passes through the meshing area of ​​the differential rollers, it is strongly kneaded and sheared by the two differential curved rollers 220. Inert gas and liquid additives are sprayed in at precise positions to fully mix the material with the solid and liquid additives. After that, the uniformly conditioned material falls directly into the disc granulator and is pressed into high-strength, uniformly sized granules. S6. After granulation, the wet granules enter the rotary dryer and the counter-current cooler in sequence. Hot air at 80-100℃ is used to reduce the moisture content of the granules to the industry standard. The counter-current cooler uses room temperature air to quickly cool the high temperature granules to near room temperature to prevent clumping and facilitate storage. Subsequently, the cooled granules are screened by a vibrating grading screen to separate the finished products with qualified particle size. Finally, they are weighed, packaged, and stored by a quantitative packaging machine.

[0042] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the specification and its equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for conditioning and preparing straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer, characterized in that: Includes a conditioning chamber and a kneading machine, fixing mechanism and loosening device installed inside the conditioning chamber; The conditioning chamber includes a chamber body, and the outer walls at both ends of the chamber body are provided with grooves near the top corners; The kneading machine includes a pair of motors, a curved roller driven by the motors, and cams disposed on both sides of the curved roller. The curved roller has several through holes that pass through the inner and outer sides in the groove of the outer wall. The fixing mechanism includes a pair of fixing tubes and a number of nozzles disposed on the outer wall of the fixing tubes, and the spray angles of the nozzles on the outer wall of the pair of fixing tubes are angled together. The loosening device includes a pair of frame bars, a sliding plate disposed above the frame bars, a square plate disposed between the pair of sliding plates, round rods disposed at both ends of the square plate, and several loosening rods disposed on the outer wall of the square plate. The cam rotates with the curved roller, driving the frame bars to rise and fall, and the round rods are driven to move along the slide groove through the sliding plate, driving the square plate and several loosening rods to move back and forth laterally.

2. The straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning and preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conditioning silo also includes a hopper fixed to the bottom opening of the silo body by bolts, a silo cover fixed to the outer walls of the left and right ends of the silo body by bolts, a pair of bent plates welded to the inner side of the top opening of the silo body, several square frames welded to the inner wall of the silo body, two sets of protruding plates welded to the outer wall of the silo body, and a pair of scrapers.

3. The straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning and preparation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the outer wall of the hopper are welded with brackets for connecting external support mechanisms. The longitudinal section of the bending plate is L-shaped. The vertical plate of the bending plate has several through-holes. The square frame is located on the outside of the slide groove, and the convex plate is located below the slide groove.

4. The straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning and preparation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The motor is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bracket on the outer wall of the bin cover by bolts. The curved roller is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bin body. The outer wall of the curved roller has several regularly distributed wavy grooves. A pair of curved rollers mesh with each other and leave a gap for fertilizer to pass through.

5. The straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning and preparation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the curved roller are fixedly connected to cover plates by bolts. The central tube of the cover plate on the left side is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the motor. The cam is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central tube of the cover plate by a locking pin.

6. The straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning and preparation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dimensions of the fixed tube are adapted to the internal dimensions of the curved roller. The end tubes of the front and rear fixed tubes are respectively fixedly connected to the pipes of liquid additive and inert gas through flanges. The end tube of the rear fixed tube has round holes for the inner and outer tubes. The nozzle is threaded into the opening in the outer wall of the fixed tube.

7. The straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning and preparation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism also includes a connecting ring sleeved on the outside of the end tube of the fixing tube and snapped into the cover plate, a fixing ring sleeved on the outside of the connecting ring, a connecting tube snapped into the outer wall of the fixing ring, and an air tube snapped into the end tube of the connecting tube and extending into the front fixing tube. The outer wall of the connecting ring is provided with a connecting hole for the inner and outer tubes.

8. The straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning and preparation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The frame bar abuts against the cam, and a sliding rod that is slidably connected in the protrusion plate is engaged between the frame bar and the slide plate. The slide plate has a groove inside.

9. The straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning and preparation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The square plate is slidably connected to the inside of the two square frames. The round rod is snapped and fixed to the square plate and its end extends into the inside of the groove. The loose rod is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the square plate and slidably connected to the inside of the bent plate.

10. A process for conditioning and preparing straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer, using the straw-based humic acid functional organic fertilizer conditioning and preparation device as described in claim 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. First, collect rice, wheat and corn crop straw, use a straw crusher to crush the straw into small pieces, and then send it into a cyclone separator to remove dust and impurities. Then, send the straw with a quantitative amount of livestock and poultry manure, water and compound microbial agent into a twin-shaft mixer for powerful mixing. The mixed material is then sent to the fermentation section by a belt conveyor and evenly spread in the fermentation chamber by a mobile spreader. S2. After the material enters the fermentation chamber, based on the feedback from the temperature sensor, the automatic turning machine and high-pressure aeration system at the bottom of the chamber automatically turn and ventilate, so that the pile can be heated up quickly to achieve rapid decomposition and kill pathogens. Then, the material after high-temperature fermentation is transported to the aging chamber through the discharge machine for aging in a low-temperature environment. S3. Next, the aged material is fed into the conditioning silo by a quantitative feeder, and solid additives are fed into the conditioning silo at the same time. Two motors are started to drive two curved rollers to rotate in opposite directions, and the speeds of the two curved rollers are controlled to be fast and slow respectively. When the through holes on the outer wall of the curved rollers coincide with several nozzles, the liquid additives and inert gas in the two fixed tubes in the fixing mechanism are sprayed out from the through holes through several nozzles respectively. S4. Before the material passes through the meshing area of ​​the differential roller, the cam that rotates with the curved roller drives the frame bar to rise and fall, and drives the slide plate to move up and down repeatedly through the slide rod, which in turn drives the round rod to move along the slide groove, thereby driving the square plate and the loosening rod to move back and forth laterally, breaking up any materials that may clump together in advance. S5. When the material passes through the meshing area of ​​the differential rollers, it is strongly kneaded and sheared by the two differential curved rollers. Inert gas and liquid additives are sprayed in at precise positions to fully mix the material with the solid and liquid additives. Then, the uniformly conditioned material falls directly into the disc granulator and is pressed into high-strength, uniformly sized granules. S6. After granulation, the wet granules enter the rotary dryer and the counter-current cooler in sequence. Hot air at 80-100℃ is used to reduce the moisture content of the granules to the industry standard. The counter-current cooler uses room temperature air to quickly cool the high temperature granules to near room temperature to prevent clumping and facilitate storage. Subsequently, the cooled granules are screened by a vibrating grading screen to separate the finished products with qualified particle size. Finally, they are weighed, packaged, and stored by a quantitative packaging machine.

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