Liquid hydrogen storage tank and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel liquid hydrogen storage tank and a working method thereof, and particularly discloses a liquid hydrogen storage tank and a using method thereof, the liquid hydrogen storage tank is formed by nesting an inner tank, an outer tank and a supporting tank, each layer of tank body is vacuumized, and each layer of tank body is sealed by adopting a welding technology. According to the liquid hydrogen storage tank, each layer of the tank body is supported by the specially designed supporting rings made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, the heat conduction rate between the supporting columns and the contact surfaces of the tank bodies is reduced while the supporting strength is guaranteed to be sufficient, the double-layer sleeve is creatively wound on the middle supporting layer, and when the liquid hydrogen storage tank works, liquid nitrogen and phase change materials can be filled into the sleeve, so that the liquid hydrogen storage tank is convenient to use. The liquid hydrogen storage tank can achieve active cold insulation without being externally connected with refrigeration equipment, daily transportation and storage are greatly facilitated, the occupied area is also saved, meanwhile, the modularized intelligent sensing detection technology is adopted, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a controller are arranged in the inner tank, and by means of real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, the temperature of the liquid hydrogen storage tank can be effectively controlled. And precise control over the temperature and pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of liquid hydrogen storage and cooling, and in particular to a liquid hydrogen storage tank and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continued development of the global economy, energy demand is increasing, bringing with it serious environmental pollution problems. Against this backdrop, the search for green, clean, and efficient energy sources has become a global focus. Hydrogen energy, due to its high energy density and renewable sources, is seeing its application scale continuously expand, and the research and development of related storage technologies has become an important direction in the new energy field.

[0003] Hydrogen storage primarily includes two forms: liquid and gaseous. Gaseous hydrogen storage has limitations such as low density, susceptibility to leakage, and high energy consumption for compression; in contrast, liquid hydrogen has a higher energy density, occupies less volume, and is easier to transport over long distances, thus offering significant advantages in terms of cost and efficiency. However, liquid hydrogen storage still faces a series of technical challenges.

[0004] Regarding the research and development of liquid hydrogen storage tanks in China, current liquid hydrogen storage tanks have disadvantages such as poor insulation, large footprint, high heat transfer efficiency, and inconvenience in transportation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a liquid hydrogen storage tank and its usage method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a liquid hydrogen storage tank, comprising an inner tank and an outer tank, wherein a coil support tank is provided between the outer tank and the inner tank, and can-head coil pipes are laid on the outer walls of both ends of the coil support tank, and can-wall coil pipes are laid on the side walls of the coil support tank, wherein both can-head coil pipes are connected to the can-wall coil pipes to form an outer wall coil, the inner tank is provided with an inner tank liquid hydrogen outlet, an inner tank gaseous hydrogen outlet, and an inner tank liquid hydrogen filling port, and the outer tank is correspondingly provided with an outer tank liquid hydrogen outlet, an outer tank gaseous hydrogen outlet, and an outer tank liquid hydrogen filling port, and both ends of the coil support tank are also provided with reserved openings for connecting the inner tank and the outer tank to the installation pipeline.

[0007] The canned liquid nitrogen coil is installed inside the canned liquid nitrogen tray pipe, and the can wall liquid nitrogen coil is installed inside the can wall liquid nitrogen tray pipe. Both canned liquid nitrogen coils are connected to the can wall liquid nitrogen coils to form a liquid nitrogen coil. One end of the liquid nitrogen coil is a liquid nitrogen coil filling port, and the other end is a liquid nitrogen coil drain port. One end of the canned liquid nitrogen tray pipe is the coil pipe filling port, and the other end of the canned liquid nitrogen tray pipe is the coil pipe drain port. The liquid nitrogen coil filling port is located inside the coil pipe filling port. The outer can is provided with an outer can coil filling port and an outer can coil drain port that are used in conjunction with the coil pipe filling port and the coil pipe drain port, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple support rings are provided between the coil support tank and the outer tank, and support protrusions are evenly distributed radially on the inner and outer sides of the support rings.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer wall of the inner tank is provided with a plurality of inner tank support column bases, and an inner tank support column is provided between the inner tank support column bases and the coil support tank, and a support tank support column base is also provided between the inner tank support column and the coil support tank.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner tank is also equipped with a gaseous hydrogen pump, which is connected to an external fluid source via pipelines passing sequentially through the gaseous hydrogen outlet of the inner tank, the reserved port of the installation pipeline, and the gaseous hydrogen outlet of the outer tank. The pipelines are equipped with a check valve, a temperature sensor, and a flow sensor.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner tank is also equipped with a gas phase thermometer and a liquid phase thermometer, which are connected to the outside of the tank in sequence through a temperature detection inlet provided in the inner tank, a reserved port for the installation pipeline, and a detection line inlet provided in the outer tank.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner tank is also equipped with a liquid hydrogen pump, which pumps liquid hydrogen from the inner tank through pipelines that pass sequentially through the liquid hydrogen outlet of the inner tank, the reserved port of the installation pipeline, and the liquid hydrogen outlet of the outer tank to the outside of the tank, and is connected in sequence to a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow sensor, and an electromagnetic power valve.

[0013] Furthermore, a pressure-reducing valve and an electric bell are installed on the wall of the outer tank, and the pressure-reducing valve is connected to the interior of the inner tank.

[0014] A method for using a liquid hydrogen storage tank includes the following steps: Step 1: Check the status of each piece of equipment. After confirming that all instruments, safety valves, level gauges, and pressure sensors are in normal working condition, fill the inner tank with inert gas and pressurize it, then release it. Repeat this several times. After that, slowly and intermittently inject a small amount of liquid hydrogen into the storage tank, allowing the inner tank and internal pipelines to slowly cool from the ambient temperature to near the temperature of liquid hydrogen. When the tank temperature drops evenly to near the operating temperature, slightly increase the pressure of the tank truck storage tank to be higher than the pressure of the target storage tank and slowly open the corresponding valves on the tank truck and storage tank to start liquid hydrogen transportation. Continue until the inner tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is 90% full of liquid hydrogen, then gradually reduce and close the filling port. Step 2: Inert gas is then introduced and pressurized from one end of the outer wall coil and the liquid nitrogen coil, and then released. This process is repeated several times. Liquid nitrogen is then slowly introduced into the liquid nitrogen pipeline of the serpentine coil on the support layer to pre-cool the pipeline. Once the pipeline temperature drops to the operating temperature, liquid nitrogen filling begins. Simultaneously, phase change material (PCM) is introduced from one end of the outer wall coil. After filling, the coil is sealed. After the liquid nitrogen and PCM filling are completed, a vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum port on the outer tank to create a vacuum between the inner and outer tanks. At this point, the liquid hydrogen storage tank will achieve a thermal insulation and cold preservation state, minimizing heat exchange between the inside and outside of the tank, thus enabling long-term storage and transportation of liquid hydrogen.

[0015] Step 3: After filling, connect the instrumentation lines to the control terminal. Through the control terminal, uniformly debug and control each electromagnetic power valve, electromagnetic gate valve, sensor, and level gauge. Display all real-time status data of the storage tank on the control terminal. Before filling with insulation material and storage medium, the safety of each pipeline can be detected using acoustic flaw detection sensors. During storage, pressure sensors, temperature sensors, flow sensors, and level gauges are used to monitor various data within the tank in real time, allowing for adjustments to the internal pressure and insulation material to ensure normal operation. When the internal pressure exceeds a set threshold, the abnormal signal is input to the control terminal via pressure sensors at the liquid hydrogen filling port and vacuum port. The control terminal outputs the signal to the pressure gauge and simultaneously triggers an electric alarm. When the pressure is too abnormal and may cause danger, the control terminal activates the pressure relief valve to automatically depressurize the tank, ensuring the safety of personnel working and conducting research around the tank.

[0016] Furthermore, the check of the status of each device in step 1 also includes performing flaw detection on the ports of the liquid nitrogen coil using an acoustic flaw detection sensor.

[0017] This invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention utilizes a structure that adds a supporting tank between the inner and outer tanks, and attaches a serpentine outer wall coil to the supporting tank. Phase change material is filled into the space between the serpentine outer wall coil and the liquid nitrogen coil, and the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen coil causes it to solidify prematurely, achieving thermal insulation and cold preservation within the tank. Compared to the traditional structure of vacuum insulation combined with an external refrigeration unit, this structure optimizes the external refrigeration equipment, not only saving refrigeration costs but also reducing the complexity of liquid hydrogen storage and transportation, while simultaneously reducing the footprint of the liquid hydrogen storage tank. This allows for greater flexibility in choosing between vertical and horizontal placement.

[0018] 2. This invention adds a supporting tank between the inner and outer tanks and attaches a serpentine outer wall coil to the supporting tank. The space between the serpentine outer wall coil and the liquid nitrogen coil is filled with phase change material, which makes the internal cold insulation effect of the liquid hydrogen storage tank more uniform. The temperature difference in various places is also smaller than that of traditional liquid hydrogen storage tanks. At the same time, the temperature change difference is smaller as the storage time increases, and the temperature change rate is significantly lower than that of traditional storage tanks. Overall, this type of liquid hydrogen storage tank has a better cold insulation effect.

[0019] 3. The inner tank support column of this invention adopts a unique "Y"-shaped 90° support structure. Compared with the traditional columnar support structure, this type of support structure optimizes the contact area with the tank body during support. It uses two-point support at the heavier end and one-point support at the lighter end, ensuring both the strength of the support structure and a smaller contact area, thereby reducing heat leakage. Furthermore, the support ring connecting to the outer tank adopts a modular design, allowing for the selection of the appropriate number of support columns according to the needs of the support structure, which can then be welded together to form a unified mesh support ring. This makes this type of support highly adaptable to liquid hydrogen storage tanks of different sizes.

[0020] 4. This invention employs an intelligent modular detection and control terminal system, integrating pressure sensors, temperature sensors, flow sensors, and other control systems into the control terminal of the liquid hydrogen storage tank. This allows for real-time detection and dynamic adjustment of the internal pressure, temperature, and flow rate of the liquid hydrogen storage tank. Simultaneously, the liquid hydrogen storage tank is equipped with a safety pressure relief and alarm system, which can be activated in an emergency when the internal pressure of the tank becomes unbalanced, ensuring the safe operation of the storage tank.

[0021] 5. This new type of liquid hydrogen storage tank adopts a unique pipeline layout system. Because the tank has a three-layer structure with numerous serpentine coils installed on the support layer, openings are made at both ends of the support tank to facilitate pipeline connection and layout between the inner and outer tanks. This also does not affect the tank's thermal insulation and cold preservation performance. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 An exploded view of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the outer tank of the device of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the outer tank support structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the tank wall coil structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the canning coil structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the inner tank of the device of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the inner tank support structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 8 Overall schematic diagram of the piping of the device of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagrams of two embodiments of the device of the present invention; Figure 10 Control circuit diagram of the device of the present invention.

[0023] 1. Outer tank coil drain port; 2. Outer tank liquid hydrogen outlet port; 3. Outer tank detection circuit connection port; 4. Outer tank; 5. Support ring; 6. Coil pipe drain port; 7. Pre-reserved port for installation pipeline; 8. Canned tank coil pipe; 9. Tank wall coil pipe; 10. Inner tank liquid hydrogen outlet port; 11. Inner tank support column; 12. Inner tank; 13. Inner tank support column base; 14. Inner tank liquid hydrogen filling port; 15. Outer tank coil filling port; 16. Outer tank liquid hydrogen filling port; 17. Vacuum interface; 18. Canned liquid nitrogen coil; 19. Liquid nitrogen coil on tank wall; 20. Filling port of coil pipe; 21. Liquid nitrogen coil filling port; 22. Coil support tank; 23. Support column base of support tank; 24. Inner tank temperature detection inlet; 25. Inner tank gaseous hydrogen outlet; 26. Horizontal support base; 27. Vertical support base; 28. Terminal controller; 29. ​​Pressure sensor; 30. Solenoid gate valve; 31. Vacuum port; 32. Gas phase thermometer; 33. Liquid phase thermometer; 34. Capacitive level gauge display head; 35. Capacitive level gauge sensor probe; 36. Check valve; 37. Electric bell; 38. Pressure gauge; 39. Gaseous hydrogen pump; 40. Liquid hydrogen pump; 41. Temperature sensor; 42. Flow sensor; 43. Solenoid power valve; 44. Acoustic flaw detection sensor; 45. Pressure reducing valve; 46. Inner tank level gauge inlet; 47. Outer tank gaseous hydrogen outlet; 48. Alarm bell mounting base. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see Figures 1-10 This invention provides a liquid hydrogen storage tank, including an inner tank 12 and an outer tank 4. A coil support tank 22 is provided between the outer tank 4 and the inner tank 12. The outer walls of both ends of the coil support tank 22 are covered with can-head coil pipes 8, and the side walls of the coil support tank 22 are covered with tank wall coil pipes 9. Both can-head coil pipes 8 are connected to the tank wall coil pipes 9 to form an outer wall coil. The inner tank 12 is provided with an inner tank liquid hydrogen outlet 10, an inner tank gaseous hydrogen outlet 25, and an inner tank liquid hydrogen filling port 14. The outer tank 4 is correspondingly provided with an outer tank liquid hydrogen outlet 2, an outer tank gaseous hydrogen outlet 47, and an outer tank liquid hydrogen filling port 16 to cooperate with the inner tank 12. The two ends of the coil support tank 22 are also provided with reserved ports 7 for connecting the inner tank 12 and the outer tank 4 for installation pipelines.

[0026] The can-side pipe 8 is equipped with a liquid nitrogen coil 18, and the can-side pipe 9 is equipped with a liquid nitrogen coil 19. Both liquid nitrogen coils 18 are connected to the liquid nitrogen coil 19 to form a liquid nitrogen coil. One end of the liquid nitrogen coil is a liquid nitrogen coil filling port 21, and the other end is a liquid nitrogen coil drain port 6. One end of the can-side pipe 8 is a coil filling port 20, and the other end of the can-side pipe 8 is a coil drain port. The liquid nitrogen coil filling port 21 is located inside the coil filling port 20. The outer tank 4 is equipped with an outer tank coil filling port 15 and an outer tank coil drain port 1, which are used in conjunction with the coil filling port 20 and the coil drain port, respectively.

[0027] Multiple support rings 5 ​​are provided between the coil support tank 22 and the outer tank 4, and support protrusions are evenly distributed radially on the inner and outer sides of the support rings 5.

[0028] Multiple inner tank support column bases 13 are provided on the outer wall of the inner tank 12, and an inner tank support column 11 is provided between the inner tank support column base 13 and the coil support tank 22.

[0029] The inner tank 12 is also equipped with a gaseous hydrogen pump 39. The gaseous hydrogen pump 39 is connected to an external fluid source through pipelines that pass through the inner tank gaseous hydrogen outlet 25, the installation pipeline reserved port 7, and the outer tank gaseous hydrogen outlet 47 in sequence. The pipelines are equipped with a check valve 36, a temperature sensor 41, and a flow sensor 42. The inner tank 12 is also equipped with a gas phase thermometer 32 and a liquid phase thermometer 33. The gas phase thermometer 32 and the liquid phase thermometer 33 are connected to the outside of the tank through the inner tank temperature detection inlet 24, the installation pipeline reserved port 7, and the detection line inlet 3 of the outer tank 4 in sequence.

[0030] The inner tank 12 is also equipped with a liquid hydrogen pump 40. The liquid hydrogen pump 40 pumps liquid hydrogen from the inner tank 12 through pipelines, passing sequentially through the liquid hydrogen outlet 10 of the inner tank, the reserved pipeline port 7, and the liquid hydrogen outlet 2 of the outer tank, extending to the outside of the tank. It is then connected in sequence to a pressure sensor 29, a temperature sensor 41, a flow sensor 42, and an electromagnetic power valve 43. A pressure reducing valve 45 and an electric bell 37 are also installed on the wall of the outer tank 4. The pressure reducing valve 45 is connected to the inside of the inner tank 12.

[0031] The outer tank 4 is also equipped with a vacuum port 17. The pressure sensor 29 is connected to the space between the outer tank 4 and the inner tank 12 through the vacuum port 17, which is used to collect internal pressure data.

[0032] The coil filling port 20, coil drain port 6, and vacuum port 17 of the tank are all equipped with electromagnetic gate valves 30 to ensure the sealing of the tank's insulation layer. These valves can also be remotely connected to the terminal controller 28 for remote monitoring of valve tightness. A pressure sensor 29 is installed at the vacuum port 17 to facilitate the detection of pressure conditions in the key inner and outer vacuum layers, ensuring the safe operation of the liquid hydrogen storage tank. Similarly, an electromagnetic power valve 43 and pressure sensor 29 are installed at the outer tank's liquid hydrogen filling port 16. If the control terminal 28 detects an abnormal pressure, it can directly control the electromagnetic power valve 43 to cut off the liquid hydrogen supply. A pressure sensor 29, temperature sensor 41, flow sensor 42, and electromagnetic power valve 43 are installed at the outer tank's liquid hydrogen output port 2, and the port is connected to the inner tank's liquid hydrogen pump 40 via the inner tank's liquid hydrogen output port 10. All of these instruments are connected to the terminal controller 28 to achieve remote detection and remote filling and discharging operations. Similarly, in the gaseous hydrogen passage, a gaseous hydrogen pump 39 is installed at the inner tank's gaseous hydrogen outlet 25 and connected to the outside via the outer tank's gaseous hydrogen outlet 47. A check valve 36 is installed at the outer tank's gaseous hydrogen outlet 47 to prevent hydrogen backflow. A pressure sensor 29, a temperature sensor 41, and a flow sensor 42 are also installed and connected to a terminal controller 28 for remote monitoring. An electric bell 37, a pressure gauge 38, and a pressure reducing valve 45 are installed at the alarm mounting base 48 on the outside of the tank and remotely connected to the terminal controller 28. This allows for real-time pressure data display on the pressure gauge 38 and the activation of the electric bell 37 and pressure reducing valve 45 in dangerous situations, ensuring the safe operation of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.

[0033] In practical use, the status of each device must first be checked to confirm that all instruments, safety valves, level gauges, and pressure sensors are in normal working condition. Then, the inner tank is filled with inert gas and pressurized, and then discharged. This process is repeated several times. After that, a small amount of liquid hydrogen is slowly and intermittently injected into the storage tank to allow the inner tank and internal pipelines to cool slowly from ambient temperature to near the temperature of liquid hydrogen. When the tank temperature drops evenly to near the operating temperature, the pressure of the tank truck storage tank is slightly increased to be higher than the pressure of the target storage tank. The corresponding valves on the tank truck and storage tank are then slowly opened to start liquid hydrogen transportation. This continues until the inner tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is 90% full of liquid hydrogen. Then, the filling port is gradually reduced and closed. Inert gas is then introduced and pressurized from one end of the outer wall coil and the liquid nitrogen coil, and then released. This process is repeated several times. Liquid nitrogen is then slowly introduced into the liquid nitrogen pipeline of the serpentine coil on the support layer to pre-cool the pipeline. Once the pipeline temperature drops to the operating temperature, liquid nitrogen filling begins. Simultaneously, phase change material (PCM) is introduced from one end of the outer wall coil. After filling, the coil is sealed. After the liquid nitrogen and PCM filling are completed, a vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum port on the outer tank to create a vacuum between the inner and outer tanks. At this point, the liquid hydrogen storage tank will achieve a thermally insulated and cold-preserving state, minimizing heat exchange between the inside and outside of the tank, thus enabling long-term storage and transportation of liquid hydrogen.

[0034] After filling, the instrumentation lines are connected to the control terminal, which then centrally debugs and controls each electromagnetic power valve, electromagnetic gate valve, sensor, and level gauge. Real-time status data of the storage tank is displayed on the control terminal. Before filling with insulation material and storage medium, the safety of each pipeline can be checked using acoustic flaw detection sensors. During storage, pressure sensors, temperature sensors, flow sensors, and level gauges provide real-time and accurate monitoring of various data within the tank, allowing for adjustments to the internal pressure and insulation material to ensure normal operation. When the tank pressure exceeds a set threshold, an abnormal signal is transmitted to the control terminal via pressure sensors at the liquid hydrogen filling port and vacuum port. The control terminal outputs the signal to the pressure gauge and simultaneously triggers an electric alarm. If the pressure is too abnormal and may cause danger, the control terminal activates the pressure relief valve to automatically depressurize the tank, ensuring the safety of personnel working and conducting research around the tank.

[0035] This invention comprises three nested tank layers: an inner tank, an outer tank, and a support tank. A vacuum is evacuated between each tank layer, and each tank layer is sealed using welding technology. This ensures the effective insulation and cooling of the liquid hydrogen within the inner tank. Each tank layer is supported by specially designed fiberglass support rings, ensuring sufficient support strength while reducing the heat transfer rate between the support column and the tank surface. A double-layered sleeve is innovatively wound around the middle support layer. During operation, liquid nitrogen and phase change materials can be filled into the sleeve, enabling this type of liquid hydrogen storage tank to achieve active cooling without external refrigeration equipment. This greatly facilitates daily transportation and storage, and saves floor space. The innovative coiled insulation and cooling structure design results in more uniform insulation and cooling throughout the inner tank, reducing temperature fluctuations and ensuring a more durable and stable insulation effect. Meanwhile, both sides of the liquid hydrogen storage tank have pre-drilled filling and draining ports for liquid nitrogen and phase change material inside the coil. These openings are all connected by welding, ensuring both structural strength and airtightness. The liquid hydrogen storage tank employs modular intelligent sensing and detection technology, with pressure sensors, temperature sensors, and a controller built into the inner tank. Through real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, precise control of the internal temperature and pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is achieved.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a horizontal support (26) can be installed on the side wall of the outer tank (4) so ​​that the liquid hydrogen storage tank of the present invention can be placed horizontally, or a vertical support (27) can be provided at the end of the outer tank (4) so ​​that the liquid hydrogen storage tank of the present invention can be placed vertically.

[0037] In this invention, all interfaces are sealed when connected and are normally closed when not in use. The sensors that collect data signals from the inner tank 12 transmit data through interfaces that correspond one-to-one between the inner and outer tanks. These interfaces are not fully shown in the accompanying drawings, but can be easily understood by those skilled in the art. In addition, the sensors of this invention can also transmit data to the control terminal 28 via wireless communication.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0039] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A liquid hydrogen storage tank, characterized in that: The system includes an inner tank (12) and an outer tank (4). A coil support tank (22) is provided between the outer tank (4) and the inner tank (12). The outer walls of both ends of the coil support tank (22) are covered with can-head coil pipes (8). The side walls of the coil support tank (22) are covered with tank wall coil pipes (9). Both can-head coil pipes (8) are connected to the tank wall coil pipes (9) to form an outer wall coil. The inner tank (12) is provided with an inner tank liquid hydrogen outlet (10), an inner tank gas hydrogen outlet (25), and an inner tank liquid hydrogen filling port (14). The outer tank (4) is provided with an outer tank liquid hydrogen outlet (2), an outer tank gas hydrogen outlet (47), and an outer tank liquid hydrogen filling port (16) corresponding to the inner tank (12). The two ends of the coil support tank (22) are also provided with reserved ports (7) for connecting the inner tank (12) and the outer tank (4) for installation pipelines.

2. The liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The canned liquid nitrogen coil (18) is provided inside the canned liquid nitrogen coil (9), and the can wall liquid nitrogen coil (19) is provided inside the can wall coil (8). Both canned liquid nitrogen coils (18) are connected to the can wall liquid nitrogen coil (19) to form a liquid nitrogen coil. One end of the liquid nitrogen coil is a liquid nitrogen coil filling port (21), and the other end is a liquid nitrogen coil drain port. One end of the canned liquid nitrogen coil (8) is a coil filling port (20), and the other end of the canned liquid nitrogen coil (8) is a coil drain port (6). The liquid nitrogen coil filling port (21) is located inside the coil filling port (20). The outer tank (4) is provided with an outer tank coil filling port (15) and an outer tank coil drain port (1) that are used in conjunction with the coil filling port (20) and the coil drain port, respectively.

3. A liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple support rings (5) are provided between the coil support tank (22) and the outer tank (4), and support protrusions are evenly distributed radially on the inner and outer sides of the support rings (5).

4. A liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the inner tank (12) is provided with a plurality of inner tank support column bases (13), and an inner tank support column (11) is provided between the inner tank support column base (13) and the coil support tank (22), and a support tank support column base (23) is also provided between the inner tank support column (11) and the coil support tank (22).

5. A liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner tank (12) is also equipped with a gaseous hydrogen heat exchanger (39). The gaseous hydrogen pump (39) is connected to an external fluid source through a pipeline passing through the gaseous hydrogen outlet (25) of the inner tank, the reserved port (7) of the installation pipeline and the gaseous hydrogen outlet (47) of the outer tank in sequence. The pipeline is equipped with a check valve (36), a temperature sensor (41) and a flow sensor (42).

6. A liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner tank (12) is also equipped with a gas phase thermometer (32) and a liquid phase thermometer (33). The gas phase thermometer (32) and the liquid phase thermometer (33) are connected to the outside of the tank through the inner tank temperature detection inlet (24) set in the inner tank (12), the reserved port (7) of the installation pipeline, and the detection line inlet (3) set in the outer tank (4).

7. A liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner tank (12) is also equipped with a liquid hydrogen pump (40). The liquid hydrogen pump (40) extends the liquid hydrogen in the inner tank (12) through the pipeline through the liquid hydrogen outlet (10) of the inner tank, the reserved port (7) of the installation pipeline and the liquid hydrogen outlet (2) of the outer tank to the outside of the tank, and is connected to the pressure sensor (29), temperature sensor (41), flow sensor (42) and electromagnetic power valve (43) in sequence.

8. A liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer tank (4) is also equipped with a pressure reducing valve (45) and an electric bell (37), and the pressure reducing valve (45) is connected to the interior of the inner tank (12).

9. The method of using the liquid hydrogen storage tank according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Check the status of each piece of equipment. After confirming that all instruments, safety valves, level gauges, and pressure sensors are in normal working condition, fill the inner tank with inert gas and pressurize it, then release it. Repeat this several times. After that, slowly and intermittently inject a small amount of liquid hydrogen into the storage tank, allowing the inner tank and internal pipelines to slowly cool from the ambient temperature to near the temperature of liquid hydrogen. When the tank temperature drops evenly to near the operating temperature, slightly increase the pressure of the tank truck storage tank to be higher than the pressure of the target storage tank and slowly open the corresponding valves on the tank truck and storage tank to start liquid hydrogen transportation. Continue until the inner tank of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is 90% full of liquid hydrogen, then gradually reduce and close the filling port. Step 2: Inert gas is then introduced and pressurized from one end of the outer wall coil and the liquid nitrogen coil, and then discharged. This process is repeated several times. Liquid nitrogen is then slowly introduced into the liquid nitrogen pipeline of the serpentine coil on the support layer to pre-cool the pipeline. When the pipeline temperature drops to the operating temperature, liquid nitrogen filling begins. At the same time, phase change material (PCM) is introduced from one end of the outer wall coil. After filling, the coil is sealed. After the liquid nitrogen and PCM filling are completed, the vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum port on the outer tank to create a vacuum between the inner and outer tanks. At this time, the liquid hydrogen storage tank will achieve a heat insulation and cold preservation state, reducing the heat exchange between the inside and outside of the tank to a very low level, thereby enabling long-term storage and transportation of liquid hydrogen. Step 3: After filling, connect the instrumentation lines to the control terminal. Through the control terminal, uniformly debug and control each electromagnetic power valve, electromagnetic gate valve, sensor, and level gauge. Display all real-time status data of the storage tank on the control terminal. Before filling with insulation material and storage medium, the safety of each pipeline can be detected using acoustic flaw detection sensors. During storage, pressure sensors, temperature sensors, flow sensors, and level gauges are used to monitor various data within the tank in real time, allowing for adjustments to the internal pressure and insulation material to ensure normal operation. When the internal pressure exceeds a set threshold, the abnormal signal is input to the control terminal via pressure sensors at the liquid hydrogen filling port and vacuum port. The control terminal outputs the signal to the pressure gauge and simultaneously triggers an electric alarm. When the pressure is too abnormal and may cause danger, the control terminal activates the pressure relief valve to automatically depressurize the tank, ensuring the safety of personnel working and conducting research around the tank.

10. The method of using a liquid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 9, characterized in that: The check of the status of each device in step 1 also includes performing flaw detection on the ports of the liquid nitrogen coil using an acoustic flaw detection sensor.

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