Automatic charging device suitable for large-elevation-angle long hole blasting of thick and hard roof

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic charging device suitable for large-elevation-angle long hole blasting of a thick and hard top plate, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety. Comprising an automatic explosive loading vehicle and a foldable explosive cartridge fixer, the automatic explosive loading vehicle comprises a supporting plate, and an explosive storage box for storing the foldable explosive cartridge fixer and an explosive pushing device for pushing the foldable explosive cartridge fixer into a blast hole are arranged on the supporting plate; the foldable cartridge fixer comprises a plurality of charging sections and grouting sections which are alternately arranged on the grouting pipe in a sleeving mode. The rubber material in the foldable cartridge fixer is extruded and expanded to realize segmented fixed charging in the blast hole, so that the uniform filling of the explosive is ensured, and the charging process is accurately controlled through the hydraulic power system. According to the method, the charging efficiency can be remarkably improved, manual operation is reduced, the control effect of thick and hard roof blasting is improved, and the safety and economical efficiency of mining are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a charging device, and more particularly to an automatic charging device suitable for long-hole blasting at large elevation angles in thick, hard roofs. Background Technology

[0002] Existing charging methods typically employ manual or semi-automatic charging, which suffers from low charging efficiency, poor charging uniformity, and insufficient safety. Particularly under conditions of long boreholes at steep angles, traditional charging methods are prone to explosive slippage due to gravity, affecting blasting effectiveness. Furthermore, they require significant manual labor, resulting in high labor intensity and substantial construction risks. In addition, the complex geological conditions of thick, hard roofs place higher demands on charging accuracy and borehole sealing quality. Existing equipment struggles to achieve precise segmented charging and effective borehole sealing, leading to unsatisfactory rock fragmentation after blasting and severely impacting the safety and economy of mining operations.

[0003] The prior art disclosed in CN111623675A relates to an automatic drug loading device that can improve loading efficiency and avoid loading errors. It includes a frame, a drug transfer mechanism, and a cartridge lifting mechanism. The drug transfer mechanism includes a guide rail I, a support I, a translation cylinder, a lifting cylinder, a guide shaft, a suction cup mounting plate, and a suction cup. The translation cylinder and guide rail I are located on the top surface of the frame. The support I, connected to the translation cylinder, is mounted on the guide rail I. The lifting cylinder is mounted on the support I. The guide shaft, which slides with the support I, and the lower end of the lifting cylinder are connected to the suction cup via the suction cup mounting plate. The cartridge lifting mechanism includes a mounting plate, a guide rail II, a motor, a lead screw, a support II, and a gripper connected in sequence. The mounting plate is located on the side of the support, and the guide rail II is mounted vertically on the mounting plate. The motor drives the support II to move on the guide rail II via the lead screw. Its structure is simple, but its degree of automation is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing an automatic charging device suitable for long-hole blasting at large elevation angles in thick, hard roofs. It uses a foldable explosive cartridge holder for long-hole blasting and employs an intelligent hydraulic power unit for precise and continuous charging and securing. This solves the difficulties of charging long holes at large elevation angles, significantly reduces the workload of workers, achieves segmented continuous charging, and improves charging and blasting efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an automatic charging device suitable for long-hole blasting at large elevation angles in thick and hard roofs, comprising an automatic charging trolley and a foldable explosive cartridge holder. The automatic charging trolley includes a support plate, on which is provided a storage box for storing the foldable explosive cartridge holder and a pushing device for pushing the foldable explosive cartridge holder into the blast hole. The foldable explosive cartridge holder includes multiple charging sections and grouting sections alternately sleeved on the grouting pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, the automatic medicine loading vehicle has a chassis located below the support plate, and casters are located below the chassis. The chassis and the left end of the support plate are hinged by an adjustment shaft, and a hydraulically driven adjuster is located between the right end of the chassis and the support plate. A buffer ramp is located on the left side of the medicine storage box.

[0007] Furthermore, the drug-feeding device includes a hydraulic power unit that provides power, and a first set of drug-feeding rods and a second set of drug-feeding rods that are hydraulically driven to rise and fall. Both the first set of drug-feeding rods and the second set of drug-feeding rods are two hydraulic power push rods that can extend and retract vertically. The four hydraulic power push rods of the first set of drug-feeding rods and the second set of drug-feeding rods are arranged in a cross pattern. The top of the hydraulic power unit is provided with a limiting plate that restricts the first set of drug-feeding rods and the second set of drug-feeding rods. The limiting plate is provided with a return spring. The hydraulic power unit includes a first hydraulic power mechanism and a second hydraulic power mechanism. The first hydraulic power mechanism controls the independent rising and falling of the first set of drug-feeding rods, and the second hydraulic power system controls the independent rising and falling of the second set of drug-feeding rods.

[0008] Furthermore, the charging section includes a first charging unit, a second charging unit, and a third charging unit, all fitted onto the grouting pipe, and as needed. The first, second, and third charging units have identical structures, each including an upper shell and a lower shell fitted onto the grouting pipe. Multiple explosive cartridges are arranged around the grouting pipe between the upper and lower shells, each cartridge containing a detonator. The lower shell has two first limiting holes matching the positions of the first set of delivery rods and two second limiting holes matching the positions of the second set of delivery rods. When the charging section consists of the first and second charging units, the lower shell is used. After the two hydraulic push rods of the first set of delivery rods deliver the first charging unit into the blast hole through the first limiting holes, the two hydraulic push rods of the second set of delivery rods deliver the second charging unit into the blast hole through the second limiting holes. The first set of delivery rods retracts and resets. As needed, the retracted first set of delivery rods delivers the third charging unit into the blast hole through the first limiting holes of the third charging unit.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper and lower shells are inflatable rubber bladder structures in the middle section. By applying pressure to the rubber bladder, it will expand and seal the rupture hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the grouting section is the location of the grouting hole in the blast hole where the grouting pipe is set. The grouting pipe extends from the top of the upper shell of the first charging unit, and each of the first charging unit, the second charging unit, and the third charging unit has a grouting hole on the grouting pipe at the top position.

[0011] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is also installed on the side of the grouting hole. The pressure sensor is wireless to ensure that the grouting effect can be detected after it is placed into the blast hole.

[0012] A method for an automatic charging device suitable for high-angle long-hole blasting of thick, hard roofs, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Divide the blasting section and sealing section in the blasting hole as required, so as to determine the position of the charging section and grouting section of the foldable explosive cartridge holder. The charging section of the foldable explosive cartridge holder corresponds to the blasting section of the blasting hole, and the grouting section corresponds to the sealing section of the blasting hole. Step 2: Place the foldable cartridge holder into the storage box of the automatic loading cart, then push the automatic loading cart to the position below the blast hole. The hydraulically driven adjusting device is used to raise and lower the support plate around the adjusting shaft to determine the loading angle. Step 3: Connect the first charging unit of the foldable drug roll holder to the end of the first set of delivery rods through the first limiting hole. Push the first set of delivery rods through the first hydraulic power mechanism. When the first charging unit enters the blast hole, the second charging unit is brought out from the storage tank by the grouting pipe. At the same time, the second hydraulic power mechanism controls the second set of delivery rods to be fixed to the second charging unit through the second limiting hole. Step 4: The second set of delivery rods transports the second charging unit. When the second charging unit approaches the blast hole, the first set of delivery rods disengages from the first limiting hole and exits the blast hole. When the first set of delivery rods encounters the second charging unit, it rotates outward to avoid the second charging unit, and then resets under the action of the return spring. The second hydraulic power mechanism controls the end of the second set of delivery rods to connect with the second charging unit through the second limiting hole, and then sends the second charging unit into the blast hole. At the same time, the grouting pipe pushes the first charging unit to continue to rise in the blast hole, and the third charging unit is brought out from the storage tank. Step 5: The first hydraulic power mechanism controls the first set of delivery rods to connect with the end of the first limiting hole of the third delivery unit. Repeat step 4 to send the third delivery unit into the blast hole and push the first delivery unit and the second delivery unit to continue to move upward through the grouting pipe, finally ensuring that all delivery units are installed in place. Step Six: After the foldable explosive cartridge holder is installed, pressurize the upper and lower shells of all explosive units to expand and seal the rubber bag structures in the upper and lower shells, thus isolating the explosive section and the grouting section. Then, use the grouting holes and grouting pipes to perform segmented grouting. The grouting material is a fast-setting material, and the grouting effect is detected by a pressure sensor. After the grouting material solidifies, use wireless detonators to detonate the explosive cartridges in multiple explosive units in a segmented manner to complete the blasting.

[0013] Furthermore, the grouting materials include polyurethane grouting or acrylic resin grouting.

[0014] Beneficial effects: 1. The grouting section of the foldable explosive cartridge holder of this invention is made of flexible rubber material, which is convenient for deployment in complex environments. Even in situations where the working space is limited in height and the drilling angle and length are large, continuous segmented loading can be performed based on the hydraulic power unit controlled by the CNC system, which can significantly reduce the labor intensity of personnel and improve the efficiency of segmented loading; 2. The middle part of the upper and lower shells is made of rubber tubes. After loading is completed, the middle rubber material is compressed and expanded by the hydraulic power system, and the gap between it and the hole wall of the blast hole is filled, which facilitates the separation of the blasting section and the sealing section of the blast hole 1; 3. Pressure is provided by a pressure pump, and segmented grouting is performed through the grouting pipe. Combined with the pressure sensor, the grouting effect can be accurately reflected. When the pressure value of the pressure sensor increases and the pressure value is relatively stable after grouting stops, it indicates that the grouting effect is good, and segmented grouting and blasting of long holes with large elevation angles can be achieved accurately and conveniently. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of the automated charging device for blasting long holes at large elevation angles in thick, hard top plates according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foldable medicine roll holder in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic drug loading vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a top view of the support plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the foldable medicine roll holder of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the foldable medicine roll holder of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1-Blasting hole; 2-Foldable explosive cartridge holder; 3-Automatic loading cart; 4-Loading section; 5-Grouting section; 6-First loading unit; 7-Second loading unit; 8-Third loading unit; 9-Upper shell; 10-Lower shell; 11-Explosive cartridge; 12-Detonator; 13-First limiting hole; 14-Second limiting hole; 15-Grouting pipe; 16-Universal wheel; 17-Base plate; 18-Hydraulic drive adjuster; 19-Adjusting shaft; 20-Support plate; 21-Storage tank; 22-Hydraulic power unit; 23-Pressure sensor; 24-Grouting hole; 25-Limiting plate; 26-First set of delivery rods; 27-Second set of delivery rods; 28-Buffer slope; 29-First hydraulic power mechanism; 30-Second hydraulic power mechanism; 31-Reset spring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Example 1: As attached Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this invention provides an automated charging device for blasting long holes at large elevation angles in thick, hard roofs, mainly comprising the following steps: Step 1: Divide the blasting section and sealing section in the blasting hole 1 as required, thereby determining the charging section 4 and grouting section 5 of the foldable explosive cartridge holder 2. The charging section 4 of the foldable explosive cartridge holder 2 corresponds to the blasting section of the blasting hole 1, and the grouting section 5 corresponds to the sealing section of the blasting hole 1.

[0024] Step 2: The foldable medicine roll holder 2 is placed into the medicine storage box 21 of the automatic medicine loading cart 3. Then, the automatic medicine loading cart 3 is pushed to the position of the blast hole 1. The adjustment device 18 is raised and lowered by hydraulic drive to rotate around the adjustment shaft 19, thereby determining the medicine loading angle.

[0025] Step 3: Fix the first charging unit 6 of the foldable charge holder 2 to the delivery rod 26 of the first hydraulic power mechanism 29 through the first limiting hole 13. Push the first set of delivery rods 26 through the first hydraulic power mechanism 29. When the first charging unit 6 enters the blast hole 1, the second charging unit 7 is brought out from the storage box 21. At the same time, the second hydraulic power mechanism 30 fixes the second charging unit 7 through the second set of delivery rods 27 after passing through the second limiting hole 14. Then, the second charging unit 7 is sent into the blast hole 1.

[0026] Step 4: When the second loading unit 7 is about to enter the hole, the first set of delivery rods 26 of the first hydraulic power mechanism 29 retracts. During the retraction process, it will hinder the second loading unit 7. The first set of delivery rods 26 of the first hydraulic power mechanism 29 rotates outward. After the second loading unit 7 passes, the first set of delivery rods 26 returns to its original position under the action of the return spring 31. Then the second hydraulic power mechanism 30 continues to push the first loading unit 6 and the second loading unit 7. At the same time, the third loading unit 8 is brought out.

[0027] Step 5: The first hydraulic power mechanism 29 and the second hydraulic power mechanism 30 use the currently widely used CNC system to control the alternating propulsion of the hydraulic system, and cycle according to the above steps 3 and 4 until the charging is completed; the grouting pipe (15) is a strong and flexible material. When the third charging unit (8) is pushed, the first charging unit (6) and the second charging unit (7) are pushed synchronously in the blasting hole (1).

[0028] Step Six: After the explosive loading is completed, the first set of delivery rods 26 and the second set of delivery rods 27 of the first hydraulic power system 28 and the second hydraulic power system 29 of the hydraulic power unit 22 are respectively inserted into the first limiting hole 13 and the second limiting hole 14 of the last explosive loading unit to pressurize the foldable explosive cartridge holder 2 in the blast hole 1, causing the rubber in the upper shell 9 and the lower shell 10 to expand, thus completing the isolation between the explosive loading section 4 and the grouting section 5. Then, a pressure pump is used to provide pressure, and segmented grouting is carried out through the grouting pipe 15. The grouting material used is polyurethane grout or acrylic resin grout, which has a fast solidification material. The grouting effect is detected by the pressure sensor 23. When the pressure value of the pressure sensor 23 increases and the pressure value is relatively stable after grouting stops, it indicates that the grouting effect is good. After 5-30 minutes, the grouting material solidifies, the automatic explosive loading vehicle 3 is removed, and the wireless detonator 12 is used to detonate the explosive cartridge 11 in segments with a millisecond delay to complete the blasting. The pressure sensor 23 can be a regular pressure sensor, and it is installed on the upper part of the grouting hole 24 for more accurate detection of the grouting effect.

[0029] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Any modifications based on the claims of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic charging device suitable for long-hole blasting at large elevation angles in thick, hard roofs, characterized in that, It includes an automatic loading cart (3) and a foldable cartridge holder (2). The automatic loading cart (3) includes a support plate (20), a storage box (21) for storing the foldable cartridge holder (2) and a pushing device for pushing the foldable cartridge holder (2) into the blast hole (1). The foldable cartridge holder (2) includes multiple loading sections (4) and grouting sections (5) alternately sleeved on the grouting pipe (15).

2. The automatic charging device for high-angle long-hole blasting of thick, hard roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic medicine loading vehicle (3) has a chassis (17) under the support plate (20), and a caster wheel (16) under the chassis (17). The chassis (17) and the left end of the support plate (20) are hinged by the adjustment shaft (19). A hydraulic drive adjustment device (18) is provided between the right end of the chassis (17) and the support plate (20). A buffer slope (28) is provided on the left side of the medicine storage box (21).

3. The automatic charging device for high-angle long-hole blasting of thick, hard roofs according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drug delivery device includes a hydraulic power unit (22) that provides power and a first set of drug delivery rods (26) and a second set of drug delivery rods (27) that are hydraulically driven to rise and fall. The first set of drug delivery rods (26) and the second set of drug delivery rods (27) are both two hydraulic power push rods that can extend and retract vertically. The four hydraulic power push rods of the first set of drug delivery rods (26) and the second set of drug delivery rods (27) are arranged in a cross pattern. The top of the hydraulic power unit (22) is provided with a limiting plate (25) that limits the first set of drug delivery rods (26) and the second set of drug delivery rods (27). The limiting plate (25) is provided with a return spring (31). The hydraulic power unit (22) includes a first hydraulic power mechanism (29) and a second hydraulic power mechanism (30). The first hydraulic power mechanism (29) controls the independent rise and fall of the first set of drug delivery rods (26), and the second hydraulic power system (30) controls the independent rise and fall of the second set of drug delivery rods (27).

4. The automatic charging device for high-angle long-hole blasting of thick, hard roofs according to claim 3, characterized in that, The charging section (4) includes a first charging unit (6) and a second charging unit (7) fitted onto the grouting pipe (15), and a third charging unit (8) provided as needed. The first charging unit (6), the second charging unit (7), and the third charging unit (8) have the same structure, each including an upper shell (9) and a lower shell (10) fitted onto the grouting pipe (15). Multiple explosive rolls (11) are provided around the grouting pipe (15) between the upper shell (9) and the lower shell (10). A detonator (12) is provided inside the explosive roll (11). The lower shell (10) is provided with two first limiting holes (13) that match the position of the first set of delivery rods (26), and two second limiting holes that match the position of the second set of delivery rods (27). Hole (14); When the charging section (4) is the first charging unit (6) and the second charging unit (7), the lower shell (10) is formed by the two hydraulic power push rods of the first group of charging rods (26) sending the first charging unit (6) into the blast hole (1) through the first limiting hole (13) on the first charging unit (6). Then, the two hydraulic power push rods of the second group of charging rods (27) sending the second charging unit (7) into the blast hole (1) through the second limiting hole (14) on the second charging unit (7). The first group of charging rods (26) retracts and resets. As needed, the first group of charging rods (26) retracts and resets, and sends the third charging unit (8) into the blast hole (1) through the first limiting hole (13) of the third charging unit (8).

5. The automatic charging device for high-angle long-hole blasting of thick, hard roofs according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper shell (9) and the lower shell (10) are inflatable rubber bladder structures in the middle section. By applying pressure to the rubber bladder, it will expand and seal the rupture hole (1).

6. The automatic charging device for high-angle long-hole blasting of thick, hard roofs according to claim 5, characterized in that, The grouting section (5) is the location of the grouting hole (24) set on the grouting pipe (15) in the blasting hole (1). The grouting pipe (15) extends from the top of the upper shell (9) of the first charging unit (6). Each grouting pipe (15) at the top of the first charging unit (6), the second charging unit (7), and the third charging unit (8) is provided with a grouting hole (24).

7. The automatic charging device for high-angle long-hole blasting of thick, hard roofs according to claim 6, characterized in that, A pressure sensor (23) is also provided on the side of the grouting hole (24). The pressure sensor (23) is a wireless model to ensure that the grouting effect can be detected after it is placed into the blast hole (1).

8. A method for an automatic charging device for blasting long holes at high elevation angles in thick, hard roofs, as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that... The steps are as follows: Step 1: Divide the blasting section and sealing section in the blasting hole (1) as required; Step 2: Place the foldable medicine roll holder (2) in the medicine storage box (21), push the automatic medicine loading cart (3) to the position below the blast hole (1), and determine the medicine loading angle by adjusting the hydraulic drive positioner (18); Step 3: Connect the first charging unit (6) of the foldable drug roll holder (2) to the end of the first set of delivery rods (26) through the first limiting hole (13), and push the first set of delivery rods (26) through the first hydraulic power mechanism (29). When the first charging unit (6) enters the blast hole (1), the second charging unit (7) is brought out from the storage tank (21) by the grouting pipe (15). At the same time, the second hydraulic power mechanism (30) controls the second set of delivery rods (27) to be fixed to the second charging unit (7) through the second limiting hole (14). Step 4: The second group of delivery rods (27) transports the second charge unit (7). When the second charge unit (7) approaches the blast hole (1), the first group of delivery rods (26) disengages from the first limiting hole (13) and exits the blast hole (1). When the first group of delivery rods (26) encounters the second charge unit (7), they rotate outward to avoid the second charge unit (7) and then reset under the action of the reset spring. The second hydraulic power mechanism (30) controls the end of the second group of delivery rods (27) to connect with the second charge unit (7) through the second limiting hole (14), and then sends the second charge unit (7) into the blast hole (1). At the same time, the grouting pipe (15) pushes the first charge unit (6) to continue to rise in the blast hole (1), and at the same time, the third charge unit (8) is brought out from the storage tank (21). Step 5: The first hydraulic power mechanism (29) controls the first set of delivery rods (26) to connect with the end of the first limiting hole (13) of the third delivery unit (8). Repeat step 4 to send the third delivery unit (8) into the blast hole (1) and push the first delivery unit (6) and the second delivery unit (7) to continue to move upward through the grouting pipe (15) to ensure that all delivery units are installed in place. Step 6: After the installation of the foldable cartridge holder (2), pressurize the rubber bag structure in the upper shell (9) and lower shell (10) of all the charging units so that the rubber in the upper shell (9) and lower shell (10) expands and seals the holes; use the grouting hole (24) to perform segmented grouting through the grouting pipe (15), and use the pressure sensor (23) to detect the grouting effect. After the grouting material solidifies, use the wireless detonator (12) to detonate the cartridges (11) in multiple charging units in a segmented manner to complete the blasting.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Grouting materials include polyurethane grouting or acrylic resin grouting.

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