Standard sample detection piece machining method for ultrasonic detection and part defect detection method

Abstract

The invention provides a standard sample detection piece machining method for ultrasonic detection and a part defect detection method, and relates to the technical field of detection.The method comprises the steps that manufacturing parameters are determined according to a detected welding piece, and the manufacturing parameters comprise material information, welding face shape parameters and preset defect parameters; according to the manufacturing parameters, two to-be-machined plates corresponding to the material information are determined; according to the shape parameters of the welding surfaces, the welding surfaces of the to-be-machined plates are machined, and two machined plates meeting the shapes of the welding surfaces are obtained; and according to the preset defect parameters, making a preset defect on the processing plate, and obtaining a target standard sample detection piece comprising the preset defect. According to the invention, the accuracy of defect simulation is ensured, so that the detection precision of the standard sample detection piece is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of testing technology, and more specifically, to a method for processing standard test specimens for ultrasonic testing and a method for detecting defects in parts. Background Technology

[0002] Pressure welding, as a precision welding technology, has been widely used in key fields such as aerospace, power electronics, and machinery manufacturing due to its reliable connection performance. However, the pressure welding process has strict requirements on welding raw materials, parameters, pretreatment, and equipment, and is easily affected by various factors such as the welding assembly process, the surface condition of the weld, the cleanliness of the parts, and the cleanliness of the welding environment, which can lead to defects such as incomplete welding, weak connections, voids, and inclusions at the weld.

[0003] Ultrasonic testing is generally used to monitor defects in pressure welds. Due to the influence of different ultrasonic testing systems, parameters, and inspected parts, the sensitivity of ultrasonic testing can vary. To ensure the consistency of the detection sensitivity of each ultrasonic test, pre-made defect standard comparison standard test pieces are usually used to verify the sensitivity of the ultrasonic testing system and to conduct a standard evaluation of the effectiveness of defect detection quality before ultrasonic testing.

[0004] However, traditional processing methods for standard test specimens cannot meet the processing accuracy requirements for artificial defects with micron-level thickness, resulting in a significant difference between the defect characteristics in the standard test specimens and the actual defect characteristics to be detected in the pressure weld, especially the extremely small thickness dimensions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a method for processing standard test specimens for ultrasonic testing and a method for detecting defects in parts, thereby ensuring the accuracy of defect simulation and improving the detection precision of standard test specimens.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application are as follows: In a first aspect, one embodiment of this application provides a method for processing a standard test specimen for ultrasonic testing, the method comprising: Manufacturing parameters are determined based on the welded parts being inspected, wherein the manufacturing parameters include: material information, weld surface shape parameters, and preset defect parameters; Based on the manufacturing parameters, determine the two plates to be processed corresponding to the material information; Based on the welding surface shape parameters, the welding surface of the plate to be processed is processed to obtain two processed plates that meet the welding surface shape requirements; Based on the preset defect parameters, preset defects are created on the processing plate to obtain a target standard test piece including the preset defects.

[0007] Optionally, the two processing plates include a first plate body and a second plate body; The step of creating a preset defect on the processing plate according to the preset defect parameters and obtaining a target standard sample test piece including the preset defect includes: Based on the preset defect parameters, a peelable coating adhesive is uniformly applied to the welding surface of the first plate, and after the peelable coating adhesive dries, the peelable coating adhesive is shaped to obtain multiple pre-made defect patterns. Apply anti-welding agent to multiple prefabricated defect patterns to obtain multiple prefabricated defects; Welding the first plate and the second plate based on the multiple prefabricated defects yields the target standard test piece.

[0008] Optionally, based on the preset defect parameters, a peelable coating adhesive is uniformly applied to the welding surface of the first plate, and after the peelable coating adhesive dries, the peelable coating adhesive is shaped to obtain multiple pre-made defect patterns, including: The thickness parameter of the peelable coating adhesive is determined according to the preset defect parameters, and the peelable coating adhesive is uniformly applied to the welding surface of the first plate based on the thickness parameters. After the peelable coating adhesive dries, the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each prefabricated defect pattern are determined according to the preset defect parameters. Based on the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each of the prefabricated defect patterns, the peelable coating adhesive is shaped to obtain multiple prefabricated defect patterns.

[0009] Optionally, the peelable coating adhesive is shaped according to the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each of the prefabricated defect patterns to obtain multiple prefabricated defect patterns, including: Based on the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each prefabricated defect pattern, an electronic pattern corresponding to each prefabricated defect pattern is generated; Based on the electronic pattern, the peelable coating adhesive is laser-etched to obtain multiple pre-made defect patterns.

[0010] Optionally, the step of applying a weld stop agent to multiple prefabricated defect patterns to obtain multiple prefabricated defects includes: Apply anti-weld agent to the multiple pre-fabricated defect patterns and allow them to dry; The applied anti-weld agent is measured and adjusted according to the preset defect parameters to obtain a pre-made defect that matches the preset defect parameters.

[0011] Optionally, before welding the first plate and the second plate based on the multiple prefabricated defects to obtain the target standard test piece, the method further includes: Remove the peelable coating adhesive from the first plate body at locations other than the pre-formed defect pattern.

[0012] Optionally, after creating a preset defect on the processing plate according to the preset defect parameters and obtaining a target standard test piece including the preset defect, the method further includes: The target standard sample is processed according to preset shape parameters to obtain the target shape of the standard sample.

[0013] Optionally, after processing the welding surface of the plate to be processed according to the welding surface shape parameters to obtain two processed plates that satisfy the welding surface shape, the process further includes: Clean and sanitize the two processing plates that meet the shape of the welding surface.

[0014] Secondly, another embodiment of this application provides a method for detecting defects in parts based on ultrasonic testing, the method comprising: Obtain the target standard test piece and the manufacturing parameters of the target standard test piece, wherein the target standard test piece is a target standard test piece processed based on any of the methods described in the first aspect above; The target standard sample is tested using multiple different equipment parameters of the ultrasonic testing equipment to obtain multiple testing parameters. The multiple detection parameters are compared with the manufacturing parameters to obtain the parameter comparison results; Based on the parameter comparison results, the target equipment parameters corresponding to the ultrasonic testing equipment are determined; The target device parameters are used as the device testing parameters of the ultrasonic testing equipment.

[0015] Optionally, determining the target device parameters corresponding to the ultrasonic testing device based on the parameter comparison results includes: Based on the parameter comparison results, a target detection parameter that is consistent with the manufacturing parameter is determined from a plurality of detection parameters; The device parameters corresponding to the target detection parameters are used as the target device parameters of the ultrasonic testing device.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are: In this embodiment, based on the material information, weld surface shape parameters, and preset defect parameters in the manufacturing parameters of the welded component under test, two processing plates corresponding to the material information are determined. The weld surfaces of the processing plates are processed to obtain two processing plates that meet the weld surface shape requirements. Preset defects are created on the processing plates to obtain a target standard test piece including the preset defects. This application can ensure that the material information and weld surface shape parameters of the standard test piece are completely consistent with those of the welded component under test. Furthermore, by using preset defect parameters, various defects that may exist in the welded component under test can be simulated in the standard test piece, ensuring the accuracy of defect simulation and thus improving the detection accuracy of the standard test piece. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for processing a standard test specimen for ultrasonic testing, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the process of determining a target standard sample in a standard sample processing method for ultrasonic testing, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a target standard sample testing component provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another target standard sample testing device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating the process of determining a pre-fabricated defect pattern in a standard sample processing method for ultrasonic testing, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the process of determining a pre-fabricated defect pattern in another method for processing a standard test specimen for ultrasonic testing, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the process of determining prefabricated defects in a standard sample processing method for ultrasonic testing, as described in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a peelable coating adhesive in a target standard test piece provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 A schematic flowchart of a part defect detection method based on ultrasonic testing provided in this application embodiment; Figure 10This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining target equipment parameters in a part defect detection method based on ultrasonic testing, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowcharts used in this application illustrate operations implemented according to some embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the operations in the flowcharts may not be implemented in sequence, and steps without logical contextual relationships may be reversed or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art, guided by the content of this application, may add one or more other operations to the flowcharts, or remove one or more operations from the flowcharts.

[0020] Furthermore, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated herein can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] It should be noted that the term "comprising" will be used in the embodiments of this application to indicate the presence of the features declared thereafter, but does not exclude the addition of other features.

[0022] To clearly describe the method for processing a standard test specimen for ultrasonic testing provided in this application, the method described in this application embodiment will be explained below with reference to several accompanying drawings. Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for processing a standard test specimen for ultrasonic testing, as provided in this application embodiment, is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: Step 101: Determine the manufacturing parameters based on the welded part being inspected.

[0023] The manufacturing parameters include: material information, weld surface shape parameters, and preset defect parameters. Material information can be metallic or non-metallic. Metallic materials can be any of the following: copper, aluminum, steel, titanium, etc. Non-metallic materials can be any of the following: alumina ceramic, silicate glass, etc. This application embodiment does not impose any limitations on these parameters; the specific parameters are determined based on the weldment being inspected. Weld surface shape parameters refer to the shape of the weld surface between the two plates to be processed. This can be planar or curved, regular or irregular, depending on the weldment being inspected. Preset defect parameters can be determined based on the defects that may exist in the weldment being inspected. Preset defect parameters include at least one parameter, specifically including: the number of defects, the type of defects, the shape of defects, the thickness of defects, the size of defects, etc. This application embodiment does not impose any limitations on these parameters; the specific parameters are determined based on the weldment being inspected.

[0024] Optionally, the welded part to be inspected is a part that may have defects and is about to be inspected by the ultrasonic equipment. In order to ensure that the manufacturing parameters of the standard test piece are consistent with those of the welded part to be inspected, the manufacturing parameters of the standard test piece are determined according to the manufacturing parameters of the welded part to be inspected, so as to ensure that the material, weld surface shape and defects of the standard test piece and the welded part are completely consistent.

[0025] Step 102: Based on the manufacturing parameters, determine the two plates to be processed corresponding to the material information.

[0026] Among them, the two plates to be processed are two plates that need to be diffused welded to the standard sample test piece. The two plates to be processed are arranged in parallel or symmetrically. The standard sample test piece is obtained by diffusion welding the two plates to be processed.

[0027] Optionally, material information is determined based on manufacturing parameters, and the raw materials for two plates to be processed are determined based on the material information, thereby determining two plates to be processed. The raw materials are unprocessed or only partially processed raw materials, typically plates, bars, castings, forgings, etc. In this application, the raw materials and the plates to be processed have the same thickness.

[0028] Step 103: Based on the welding surface shape parameters, process the welding surface of the plate to be processed to obtain two processed plates that meet the welding surface shape requirements.

[0029] Among them, when the welding surfaces of the two plates to be processed are opposite surfaces of the two plates to be processed, the welding surfaces of the two plates to be processed are the same; when the welding surface of one plate to be processed is a curved surface, the welding surface of the other plate to be processed is also a curved surface, wherein the curvature of the curved surface should be consistent with the welded part being inspected; when the welding surface of one plate to be processed is a flat surface, the welding surface of the lower plate of the other plate to be processed is also a flat surface.

[0030] Optionally, based on the welding surface shape parameters in the manufacturing parameters, the welding surfaces of the two plates to be processed are machined by planar milling to obtain two processed plates that meet the welding surface shape requirements.

[0031] Step 104: Based on the preset defect parameters, create the preset defects on the processing plate and obtain the target standard test piece including the preset defects.

[0032] Among them, the preset defect is a defect pre-made according to preset defect parameters, used to simulate real defects, and can verify the reliability and sensitivity of testing equipment, methods or processes. The target standard test piece is a standard test piece including the preset defect, obtained by welding two processing plates. The target standard test piece is used to calibrate the testing parameters of ultrasonic testing equipment.

[0033] Optionally, based on the preset defect parameters in the manufacturing parameters, the number, type, shape, size and dimensions of defects on the processing plate are determined, and preset defects on the processing plate are made according to the number, type, shape, size and dimensions of defects on the processing plate, and a target standard test piece including the preset defects is obtained.

[0034] In this embodiment, based on the material information, weld surface shape parameters, and preset defect parameters in the manufacturing parameters of the welded component under test, two processing plates corresponding to the material information are determined. The weld surfaces of the processing plates are processed to obtain two processing plates that meet the weld surface shape requirements. Preset defects are created on the processing plates to obtain a target standard test piece including the preset defects. This application can ensure that the material information and weld surface shape parameters of the standard test piece are completely consistent with those of the welded component under test. Furthermore, by using preset defect parameters, various defects that may exist in the welded component under test can be simulated in the standard test piece, ensuring the accuracy of defect simulation and thus improving the detection accuracy of the standard test piece.

[0035] Based on the above embodiments, the two processing plates include a first plate body and a second plate body. Therefore, this application also provides a process for determining the target standard sample in a method for processing a standard sample for ultrasonic testing. Figure 2 This application provides a flowchart illustrating the process of determining the target standard sample in a method for processing a standard sample for ultrasonic testing, as shown in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 As shown, in step 104 above, the process of creating a preset defect on the processing plate according to the preset defect parameters and obtaining a target standard sample test piece including the preset defect includes: Step 201: Based on the preset defect parameters, apply a peelable coating adhesive evenly to the welding surface of the first plate, and after the peelable coating adhesive dries, sculpt the peelable coating adhesive to obtain multiple pre-made defect patterns.

[0036] The first plate is the lower plate of the standard sample test piece, used to support it. The second plate is the upper plate of the standard sample test piece. The peelable coating adhesive has the characteristics of maintaining a certain adhesion to the substrate, being easy to shape, and being easy and convenient to peel off from the substrate. The peelable coating adhesive can be made of polyvinyl ester, styrene-butadiene rubber, or thermoplastic styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer elastomer synthetic rubber. Application methods include brushing, dipping, spraying, burning, and electrophoretic coating. Shaping refers to creating specific shapes on the peelable coating adhesive through carving or cutting. Drying methods can include oven drying and natural air drying.

[0037] Optionally, a peelable coating adhesive is uniformly applied to the welding surface of the first plate. After the peelable coating adhesive dries, the peelable coating adhesive is shaped according to the number of defects, defect type, defect shape, defect size and defect size in the preset defect parameters, so as to obtain multiple pre-made defect patterns in the peelable coating adhesive.

[0038] Step 202: Apply anti-welding agent to multiple prefabricated defect patterns to obtain multiple prefabricated defects.

[0039] The weld stopper is a multi-component mixture used to prevent the first and second plates from welding together. It is generally a material that is difficult to react and weld with the component materials. It may contain ceramic powder; commonly used weld stopper materials include alumina, boron nitride, and yttrium oxide powders. A binder is added to ensure the adhesive strength of the ceramic powder, making the weld stopper easy to apply. Simultaneously, the dried weld stopper bonds firmly to the substrate and is not easily detached. The weld stopper particle size is less than or equal to 5 micrometers. The weld stopper thickness is controlled through brushing, spraying, or plating to ensure that the weld stopper area closely resembles the characteristics of the actual welding defect.

[0040] Optionally, the defect thickness in the preset defect parameters is used to apply a weld stop agent to the prefabricated defect pattern, so that the thickness of the weld stop agent is consistent with the defect thickness in the defect parameters, thus obtaining multiple prefabricated defects.

[0041] Step 203: Weld the first plate and the second plate based on multiple prefabricated defects to obtain the target standard test piece.

[0042] The specific welding method involves heating and pressurizing in a vacuum or protective atmosphere for a certain period of time to allow atomic diffusion between the contact surfaces of the first and second plates, thus completing the welding process. The diffusion welding parameters are determined based on the material information of the first and second plates. While ensuring good diffusion welding between the first and second plates, it is also essential to strictly control the overall compression deformation during diffusion welding to guarantee the dimensional accuracy of the prefabricated defect test block.

[0043] Optionally, since multiple prefabricated defect parts are coated with anti-weld agent, the prefabricated defect parts cannot be welded. Based on the multiple prefabricated defects, the first plate and the second plate are welded to obtain the target standard test piece. At this time, there are multiple unweldable parts in the target standard test piece, which are prefabricated defects.

[0044] Optionally, before welding the first plate and the second plate based on multiple prefabricated defects to obtain the target standard test piece, the first plate and the second plate are assembled to prevent the anti-weld flux layer from being damaged by impact and causing the anti-weld flux to fall off. The assembly process can be without positioning or can use pin hole positioning or spot welding positioning.

[0045] For example, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a target standard sample testing component provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the target standard test piece includes a first plate and a second plate. The welding surface of the first plate contains multiple prefabricated defects of different shapes, sizes and thicknesses.

[0046] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another target standard sample testing component provided in the embodiments of this application, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the target standard test piece includes a first plate and a second plate. The welding surface of the first plate has multiple prefabricated defects of different shapes, sizes and thicknesses. The target standard test piece is obtained by diffusion welding the first plate and the second plate.

[0047] In this embodiment, based on preset defect parameters, a peelable coating adhesive is uniformly applied to the welding surface of the first plate. After the peelable coating adhesive dries, it is shaped to obtain multiple pre-made defect patterns. Solder stop agent is then applied to these pre-made defect patterns to obtain multiple pre-made defects. The first and second plates are then welded based on these pre-made defects to obtain a target standard test piece. This application can accurately reproduce the details of the preset parameters, ensuring that the defects are completely consistent with the preset target.

[0048] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a method for determining a pre-fabricated defect pattern in a standard sample processing method for ultrasonic testing. Figure 5 This application provides a flowchart illustrating the process of determining a pre-fabricated defect pattern in a method for processing a standard test specimen for ultrasonic testing, as shown in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5 As shown, in step 201 above, based on preset defect parameters, a peelable coating adhesive is uniformly applied to the welding surface of the first plate. After the peelable coating adhesive dries, it is shaped to obtain multiple pre-made defect patterns, including: Step 501: Determine the thickness parameters of the peelable coating adhesive according to the preset defect parameters, and apply the peelable coating adhesive evenly to the welding surface of the first plate based on the thickness parameters.

[0049] The thickness parameter is the same as the parameter of the preset defect. By matching the thickness parameter of the peelable coating adhesive with the defect parameter in the preset defect parameter, the obtained prefabricated defect is guaranteed to be consistent with the preset defect parameter.

[0050] Optionally, the thickness parameter of the peelable coating adhesive is determined according to the preset defect parameters, and the peelable coating adhesive of the corresponding thickness is uniformly applied to the welding surface of the first plate based on the thickness parameter, so as to ensure that the thickness parameter of the peelable coating adhesive is consistent with the thickness parameter in the pre-made defect parameters.

[0051] Optionally, a peelable coating adhesive is uniformly applied to the welding surface of the first plate according to a preset thickness. The preset thickness can be less than 0.1 mm, and this application does not limit this.

[0052] Step 502: After the peelable coating adhesive dries, determine the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each prefabricated defect pattern according to the preset defect parameters.

[0053] The distribution size describes the size and distribution characteristics of the defect in space, and is used to describe the geometric size of the defect, such as parameters like length, width, area, and depth. This application embodiment does not limit this; the size can be multiple dimensions ranging from extremely small to large, including circular, square, and rectangular shapes. The boundary range describes the edge contour and boundary clarity of the defect, reflecting the regularity of the defect's shape. For example, clear boundaries, blurred boundaries, well-defined geometric shapes, and jagged edges are all acceptable. This application embodiment does not limit this. Continuity describes whether the defect is a continuous whole, such as a through crack, a complete continuous chain of pores, or scattered isolated pores. This application embodiment does not limit this. Drying can be achieved through natural air drying or low-temperature drying.

[0054] Optionally, after the peelable coating adhesive dries and forms a film-like structure, the length, width, area, depth, edge contour, boundary clarity, and continuity of each pre-made defect graphic are determined according to preset defect parameters.

[0055] Step 503: Based on the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each prefabricated defect pattern, the peelable coating adhesive is shaped to obtain multiple prefabricated defect patterns.

[0056] In this process, the sizing process involves cutting and removing the coating material at the desired location for the solder resist layer, according to the specified dimensions. The sizing method can be laser sizing, manual sizing, or mechanical blade sizing.

[0057] Optionally, the peelable coating adhesive is shaped according to the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each prefabricated defect pattern to obtain multiple prefabricated defect patterns on the peelable coating adhesive.

[0058] In this embodiment, the thickness parameters of the peelable coating adhesive are determined according to preset defect parameters. Based on these thickness parameters, the peelable coating adhesive is uniformly applied to the welding surface of the first plate. After the peelable coating adhesive dries, the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each pre-fabricated defect pattern are determined according to the preset defect parameters. Based on the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each pre-fabricated defect pattern, the peelable coating adhesive is shaped to obtain multiple pre-fabricated defect patterns. This application can reproduce completely identical defect samples in batches, ensuring efficient preparation of standardized and highly realistic pre-fabricated defect samples.

[0059] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a process for determining a pre-fabricated defect pattern in a standard sample processing method for ultrasonic testing. Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the determination of a pre-fabricated defect pattern in another method for processing a standard test specimen for ultrasonic testing, as provided in this application embodiment, is shown below. Figure 6 As shown, in step 503 above, the peelable coating adhesive is shaped according to the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each prefabricated defect pattern to obtain multiple prefabricated defect patterns, including: Step 601: Generate the electronic pattern corresponding to each prefabricated defect pattern based on the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each prefabricated defect pattern.

[0060] Here, the electronic graphic is the mathematical expression of a pre-defined defect graphic, such as a vector path or pixel matrix.

[0061] Optionally, the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each prefabricated defect graphic are used as input parameters. Based on the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each prefabricated defect graphic, for regular defects, a vector path is directly generated through mathematical equations; for irregular defects, a random process or polygon approximation algorithm is used to construct the boundary, and the continuity is controlled by spline interpolation or pixelation processing. The output is a computable vector map or raster map.

[0062] Step 602: Based on the electronic pattern, laser-etch the peelable coating adhesive to obtain multiple pre-made defect patterns.

[0063] Laser engraving offers advantages such as narrow kerf, high processing precision, minimal heat-affected zone, no processing stress, varying absorption rates for different materials, programmability, and flexible processing. During laser engraving, the laser equipment can be a carbon dioxide laser with a wavelength of 10.6 micrometers. The peelable coating adhesive exhibits nearly 100% absorption of this wavelength, while the substrate material's absorption rate is less than 10%. This allows for cutting through the coating adhesive without damaging the substrate material.

[0064] Optionally, the electronic pattern is converted into a processing file that can be recognized by the laser equipment. The laser equipment then etches layer by layer along the pattern path according to the processing file to ensure that the defect size is consistent with the design, thereby obtaining multiple pre-made defect patterns.

[0065] In this embodiment, an electronic pattern corresponding to each prefabricated defect pattern is generated based on its distribution size, boundary range, and continuity. The peelable coating adhesive is then laser-etched according to the electronic pattern to obtain multiple prefabricated defect patterns. This application allows for precise control of defect size, shape, and location through electronic patterns, ensuring consistency with design parameters. Furthermore, laser etching can meet the requirements for complex boundaries and continuity that are difficult to process.

[0066] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a process for determining pre-fabricated defects in a standard sample processing method for ultrasonic testing. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of determining pre-fabricated defects in a standard sample processing method for ultrasonic testing, as described in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, in step 203 above, anti-weld flux is applied to multiple prefabricated defect patterns to obtain multiple prefabricated defects, including: Step 701: Apply anti-weld flux to multiple pre-fabricated defect patterns and allow them to dry.

[0067] Optionally, after shaping, a layer of solder resist is applied to the substrate of the first plate and dried. Specifically, the solder resist can be applied by brushing, spraying, or electroplating using a sponge or brush; drying can be done by air drying or low-temperature drying.

[0068] Step 702: Measure and adjust the applied weld stop agent according to the preset defect parameters to obtain a pre-made defect that matches the preset defect parameters.

[0069] Optionally, the applied weld stop agent is measured and adjusted according to the preset defect parameters so that the application area of ​​the weld stop agent is consistent with the preset defect parameters, thereby obtaining a pre-made defect that matches the preset defect parameters.

[0070] Example, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a peelable coating adhesive in a target standard test piece provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 8As shown, the thickness parameters of the peelable coating adhesive are determined according to preset defect parameters, and the peelable coating adhesive is uniformly applied to the welding surface of the first plate based on the thickness parameters. After the peelable coating adhesive dries, the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each pre-made defect pattern are determined according to the preset defect parameters. According to the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each pre-made defect pattern, the peelable coating adhesive is shaped to obtain multiple pre-made defect patterns. Solder stop agent is applied to the multiple pre-made defect patterns and dried. The applied solder stop agent is measured and adjusted according to the preset defect parameters to obtain pre-made defects that match the preset defect parameters.

[0071] In this embodiment, a weld stop agent is applied to multiple pre-fabricated defect patterns and dried. The applied weld stop agent is then measured and adjusted according to preset defect parameters to obtain pre-fabricated defects that match the preset defect parameters. This application ensures, through measurement and adjustment, that the size, shape, and depth of the defects covered by the weld stop agent are completely consistent with design requirements, meeting stringent quality standards.

[0072] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a process for removing peelable coating adhesive in a standard sample processing method for ultrasonic testing. Before welding the first plate and the second plate based on multiple pre-fabricated defects in step 203 to obtain the target standard sample, the process further includes: Remove the peelable coating adhesive from the first plate, except for the pre-made defect pattern.

[0073] Optionally, the peelable coating adhesive on the first plate is removed from the locations other than the prefabricated defect pattern, so that only the prefabricated defect of the weld stop layer is retained between the first plate and the second plate.

[0074] In this embodiment, before welding the first and second plates based on multiple pre-fabricated defects to obtain the target standard test piece, the peelable coating adhesive on the first plate, excluding the pre-fabricated defect pattern, is removed. This application retains only the pre-fabricated defect area, ensuring that the heat during welding is concentrated on the preset defect location, avoiding interference such as incomplete welds and porosity caused by residual coating adhesive in non-defect areas, and improving the realism of welding defect simulation.

[0075] Based on the above embodiments, the manufacturing parameters further include: preset shape parameters. Therefore, this application also provides a process for determining the target shape of a standard sample in a method for processing a standard sample for ultrasonic testing. After step 104 above, where preset defects are fabricated on the processing plate according to preset defect parameters, and a target standard sample including the preset defects is obtained, the process further includes: The target standard sample is processed according to the preset shape parameters to obtain the standard sample of the target shape.

[0076] The processing methods may include milling, grinding, drilling, or turning, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit them. The preset shape parameters may be the shape parameters of the weldment, different thickness parameters, or arbitrary shape parameters, and this application embodiment does not limit them.

[0077] Optionally, the target standard sample is processed according to preset shape parameters so that the shape of the standard sample is exactly the same as the shape of the welded part being inspected, or the target standard sample is processed into a stepped shape with progressively increasing thickness to achieve multiple inspections of one target standard sample.

[0078] In this embodiment, the target standard test piece is processed according to preset shape parameters to obtain a standard test piece with the target shape. Through precise shape processing, the target standard test piece in this application can both reproduce the actual working structure and accurately inspect the welded parts being tested.

[0079] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a process for processing a processing plate in a method for processing a standard test piece for ultrasonic testing. After processing the welding surface of the plate to be processed according to the welding surface shape parameters in step 103 above to obtain two processing plates that meet the welding surface shape, the method further includes: Clean and sanitize the two processing plates that meet the shape of the welding surface.

[0080] Cleaning is used to remove chemical contaminants from the welding surfaces of the processing board. It ensures that the welding surfaces are free of dust, oil, oxides, coatings, markings, or other foreign matter and dirt. Cleaning methods include degreasing cleaning, chemical cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning, and conventional cleaning. Specifically, a combination of chemical and ultrasonic cleaning can be used. Chemical cleaning has advantages such as strong adaptability, good cleaning effect, and effective removal of oxide layers. Combined with ultrasonic cleaning, it ensures a clean welding surface. Cleaning also addresses physical defects on the welding surfaces of the processing board, such as burrs, rust layers, and uneven structures. Cleaning methods include mechanical polishing.

[0081] Optionally, the two processing plates that meet the shape of the welding surface are cleaned and cleaned so that the welding surfaces of the two processing plates are free of dirt and physical defects.

[0082] In this embodiment, the welding surfaces of the plates to be processed are processed according to the welding surface shape parameters to obtain two processed plates that meet the welding surface shape requirements. These two processed plates are then cleaned and tidied. By cleaning and tidiing the welding surfaces of the processed plates, the welding quality of multiple welding surfaces can be improved, and the accuracy of pre-fabricated defects in the target standard sample can be increased.

[0083] For example, the following describes the processing flow of the test specimen in this application, using a prefabricated defect detection block and its preparation process for a titanium alloy diffusion welded part as an example. Two plates to be processed are made from annealed titanium alloy forgings of the same grade as the test part; both plates have the same thickness as the test part, 10 mm, and both diffusion weld surfaces are planar diffusion weld surfaces, obtained by planar milling. The two plates are cleaned using titanium alloy chemical etching, followed by ultrasonic cleaning. After cleaning, a peelable coating is sprayed onto the weld surfaces of the two plates. The coating is required to be uniform, with an overall thickness not exceeding 0.1 mm, and then dried in a dedicated drying oven at 120 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes. The preset defect parameters on the peelable coating are: circles with diameters of 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.2 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm. The peelable coating can be cut manually or with a mechanical blade, or using a dedicated laser beam. The laser beam is a carbon dioxide laser with a power of 5-40 watts and a cutting speed below 500 mm / s. After laser-programmed cutting, the pre-exposed defects in the area to be removed are scraped off using a needle tip. After shaping, a layer of solder resist is applied to the exposed substrate of the upper or lower plate material. The solder resist coating is boron nitride solder resist, applied using specialized spraying equipment with a spray gun pressure of 2-3 bar and a nozzle distance of 250-300 mm from the spraying surface. One layer is applied. All the peelable coating at the remaining protected areas is peeled off, leaving only the pre-exposed defects in the solder resist layer on both plates. The actual shape, size, and thickness of the pre-exposed defects in the solder resist layer are measured using non-contact measuring equipment. The two plates are assembled to prevent the solder resist layer from detaching due to impact. Pin hole positioning is used during assembly. The assembled components are then joined together using a titanium alloy vacuum diffusion welding process, which diffuses and welds the upper and lower plates, as well as the pre-exposed defects in the solder resist layer sandwiched between them, together. The two welded plates were machined into target standard test pieces using milling. Each target standard test piece was a flat plate measuring 200 mm × 100 mm with a thickness of 19.6 mm. A high-frequency ultrasonic scanning testing system was then used to perform ultrasonic testing on the welded target standard test pieces.

[0084] For example, the following describes the processing flow of the test specimen in this application. This embodiment takes a pre-fabricated defect detection block and its preparation process for a high-temperature alloy diffusion welded part as an example. Two plates to be processed are made from high-temperature alloy ring-rolled solution-treated raw materials of the same grade as the test parts; the raw material thickness is 30 mm, and both diffusion weld surfaces are planar diffusion weld surfaces, obtained by surface grinding. The two plates to be processed are cleaned by sanding with sandpaper followed by wiping with anhydrous ethanol. After cleaning, a peelable coating is sprayed onto the weld surfaces of the two plates. The coating spraying is required to be uniform and consistent, with an overall thickness not exceeding 0.05 mm. They are then dried in a dedicated drying oven at 100 degrees Celsius for 20 minutes. The preset defect parameters on the peelable coating are: 0.05 × 10 mm, 0.08 × 10 mm diameter, 0.1 × 10 mm diameter, 0.5 × 10 mm diameter, 0.8 × 10 mm diameter, and a 1 × 10 mm rectangle. The peelable coating adhesive can be cut manually or with mechanical blades, or using a dedicated laser beam. The laser beam uses a carbon dioxide laser. A needle tip is used to scrape and peel off the pre-existing defect in the area to be removed. After shaping, a layer of solder resist is applied to the exposed substrate of the upper or lower plate. Boron nitride solder resist is used, applied using dedicated spraying equipment with a spray gun pressure of 3-3.5 bar and a nozzle distance of 250-300 mm from the spray surface. One layer is applied. All remaining peelable coating adhesive is peeled off from the protected areas, leaving only the pre-existing defect in the solder resist layer on both plates. The actual shape, size, and thickness of the pre-existing defect in the solder resist layer are measured using non-contact measuring equipment. The two plates are then assembled, taking precautions to prevent the solder resist layer from detaching due to impact. Pin holes are used for positioning during assembly. The assembled components are then joined together using a titanium alloy vacuum diffusion welding process, diffusion welding the upper and lower plates and the pre-existing defect in the solder resist layer sandwiched between them. The two welded plates were machined into target standard test specimens using milling. The target standard test specimens were 600 mm × 10 mm in size, with progressively thicker specimens of 2.5 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, and 25 mm. A high-frequency ultrasonic scanning testing system was used to perform ultrasonic testing on the welded target standard test specimens.

[0085] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a part defect detection method based on ultrasonic testing. The execution subject of this detection method can be the controller of the ultrasonic equipment. The controller of the ultrasonic equipment determines the equipment parameters of the ultrasonic equipment, thereby controlling the ultrasonic equipment to perform part defect detection based on the equipment parameters. Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating a part defect detection method based on ultrasonic testing provided in this application is shown below. Figure 9 As shown, the method includes: Step 901: Obtain the target standard test piece and its manufacturing parameters.

[0086] The target standard test specimen is obtained based on the aforementioned processing method for ultrasonic testing specimens. The target standard test specimen includes: material information, weld surface shape parameters, and preset defect parameters.

[0087] Optionally, the target standard test piece and its manufacturing parameters are obtained. When there is only one pre-fabricated defect in the target standard test piece, the manufacturing parameters are the manufacturing parameters of that one pre-fabricated defect. When there are multiple pre-fabricated defects in the target standard test piece, the manufacturing parameters include the manufacturing parameters of all the pre-fabricated defects.

[0088] Step 902: The target standard sample is tested based on multiple different equipment parameters of the ultrasonic testing equipment to obtain multiple testing parameters.

[0089] The ultrasonic testing equipment can be a pulse-echo ultrasonic testing instrument, a phased array ultrasonic testing instrument, a total focusing ultrasonic testing instrument, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this. The equipment parameters may include: transmission parameters, reception parameters, probe-related parameters, scanning and imaging parameters, signal processing parameters, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0090] Optionally, the ultrasonic testing equipment is controlled to perform multiple defect inspections on the target standard sample based on different equipment parameters, resulting in multiple inspection parameters. These inspection parameters indicate the material information, weld surface shape parameters, and defect parameters of the target standard sample. In other words, during the inspection of the same target standard sample, different equipment parameters will yield different inspection parameters when the ultrasonic testing equipment performs defect inspections on the target standard sample.

[0091] Step 903: Compare multiple detection parameters with manufacturing parameters to obtain parameter comparison results.

[0092] Optionally, the material information, weld surface shape parameters, and defect parameters in each detection parameter are compared with the material information, weld surface shape parameters, and preset defect parameters in the manufacturing parameters to determine the similarity between the detection parameters and the manufacturing parameters, and the comparison results of multiple parameters are obtained based on the similarity.

[0093] Step 904: Based on the parameter comparison results, determine the target equipment parameters corresponding to the ultrasonic testing equipment, and use the target equipment parameters as the equipment testing parameters of the ultrasonic testing equipment.

[0094] The parameter comparison results can be similarity information, or information indicating whether they are the same or different.

[0095] Optionally, based on the parameter comparison results, the similarity or consistency between multiple detection parameters and manufacturing parameters is determined, thereby determining the corresponding detection parameters. The equipment parameters obtained based on these detection parameters are used as target equipment parameters, and the target equipment parameters are used as the equipment detection parameters of the ultrasonic testing equipment.

[0096] Optionally, after determining the equipment testing parameters of the ultrasonic testing equipment, the ultrasonic testing equipment is used to perform defect detection on the welded part under test based on the target testing parameters to obtain the defects of the welded part under test.

[0097] In this embodiment, a target standard sample and its manufacturing parameters are obtained. The target standard sample is then tested using multiple different equipment parameters of the ultrasonic testing equipment to obtain multiple testing parameters. These testing parameters are compared with the manufacturing parameters to obtain a comparison result. Based on the comparison result, the target equipment parameters corresponding to the ultrasonic testing equipment are determined and used as the equipment testing parameters of the ultrasonic testing equipment. This application compares the manufacturing parameters with the testing parameters to obtain the target testing equipment parameters, ensuring that the ultrasonic testing equipment accurately identifies defects in the welded parts, thereby improving the testing efficiency and accuracy.

[0098] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a process for determining target equipment parameters in a part defect detection method based on ultrasonic testing. Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining target equipment parameters in a part defect detection method based on ultrasonic testing, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 As shown, in step 904 above, the target equipment parameters corresponding to the ultrasonic testing equipment are determined based on the parameter comparison results, including: Step 1001: Based on the parameter comparison results, determine the target detection parameter that is consistent with the manufacturing parameter from multiple detection parameters.

[0099] Optionally, based on the parameter comparison results, it is determined whether the material information, welding surface shape parameters, and defect parameters in the multiple detection parameters are consistent with the material information, welding surface shape parameters, and preset defect parameters in the manufacturing parameters. If they are consistent, it means that the material information in the detection parameters is consistent with the parameter information in the manufacturing parameters, the welding surface shape parameters in the detection parameters are consistent with the welding surface shape parameters in the manufacturing parameters, and the defect parameters in the detection parameters are consistent with the preset defect parameters in the manufacturing parameters. Then, the detection harness is taken as the target detection parameter.

[0100] Step 1002: Use the equipment parameters corresponding to the target detection parameters as the target equipment parameters of the ultrasonic testing equipment.

[0101] Optionally, the corresponding equipment parameters under the target parameters are determined based on the target detection parameters, and these equipment parameters are used as the target equipment parameters of the ultrasonic testing equipment.

[0102] In this embodiment, based on parameter comparison results, a target detection parameter consistent with the manufacturing parameters is determined from multiple detection parameters; the equipment parameters corresponding to the target detection parameter are used as the target equipment parameters of the ultrasonic testing equipment. This application can improve the detection accuracy and reliability of the ultrasonic testing equipment, while also increasing its detection efficiency.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems and devices described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection can be through some communication interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0104] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. If the functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, optical disks, and other media capable of storing program code.

[0105] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for processing a standard test specimen for ultrasonic testing, characterized in that, The method includes: Manufacturing parameters are determined based on the welded parts being inspected, wherein the manufacturing parameters include: material information, weld surface shape parameters, and preset defect parameters; Based on the manufacturing parameters, determine the two plates to be processed corresponding to the material information; Based on the welding surface shape parameters, the welding surface of the plate to be processed is processed to obtain two processed plates that meet the welding surface shape requirements; Based on the preset defect parameters, preset defects are created on the processing plate to obtain a target standard test piece including the preset defects.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two processing plates include a first plate body and a second plate body; The step of creating a preset defect on the processing plate according to the preset defect parameters and obtaining a target standard sample test piece including the preset defect includes: Based on the preset defect parameters, a peelable coating adhesive is uniformly applied to the welding surface of the first plate, and after the peelable coating adhesive dries, the peelable coating adhesive is shaped to obtain multiple pre-made defect patterns. Apply anti-welding agent to multiple prefabricated defect patterns to obtain multiple prefabricated defects; Welding the first plate and the second plate based on the multiple prefabricated defects yields the target standard test piece.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the preset defect parameters, a peelable coating adhesive is uniformly applied to the welding surface of the first plate. After the peelable coating adhesive dries, it is shaped to obtain multiple pre-fabricated defect patterns, including: The thickness parameter of the peelable coating adhesive is determined according to the preset defect parameters, and the peelable coating adhesive is uniformly applied to the welding surface of the first plate based on the thickness parameters. After the peelable coating adhesive dries, the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each prefabricated defect pattern are determined according to the preset defect parameters. Based on the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each of the prefabricated defect patterns, the peelable coating adhesive is shaped to obtain multiple prefabricated defect patterns.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The peelable coating adhesive is shaped according to the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each prefabricated defect pattern to obtain multiple prefabricated defect patterns, including: Based on the distribution size, boundary range, and continuity of each prefabricated defect pattern, an electronic pattern corresponding to each prefabricated defect pattern is generated; Based on the electronic pattern, the peelable coating adhesive is laser-etched to obtain multiple pre-made defect patterns.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process involves applying a weld stop agent to multiple prefabricated defect patterns to obtain multiple prefabricated defects, including: Apply anti-weld agent to the multiple pre-fabricated defect patterns and allow them to dry; The applied anti-weld agent is measured and adjusted according to the preset defect parameters to obtain a pre-made defect that matches the preset defect parameters.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before welding the first plate and the second plate based on multiple prefabricated defects to obtain the target standard test piece, the method further includes: Remove the peelable coating adhesive from the first plate body at locations other than the pre-formed defect pattern.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After creating a preset defect on the processing plate according to the preset defect parameters and obtaining a target standard sample test piece including the preset defect, the process further includes: The target standard sample is processed according to preset shape parameters to obtain the target shape of the standard sample.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After processing the welding surface of the plate to be processed according to the welding surface shape parameters to obtain two processed plates that meet the welding surface shape, the process further includes: Clean and sanitize the two processing plates that meet the shape of the welding surface.

9. A method for detecting defects in parts based on ultrasonic testing, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the target standard test piece and the manufacturing parameters of the target standard test piece, wherein the target standard test piece is a target standard test piece processed based on the method described in any one of claims 1-8; The target standard sample is tested using multiple different equipment parameters of the ultrasonic testing equipment to obtain multiple testing parameters. The multiple detection parameters are compared with the manufacturing parameters to obtain the parameter comparison results; Based on the parameter comparison results, the target equipment parameters corresponding to the ultrasonic testing equipment are determined, and the target equipment parameters are used as the equipment testing parameters of the ultrasonic testing equipment.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The step of determining the target equipment parameters corresponding to the ultrasonic testing equipment based on the parameter comparison results includes: Based on the parameter comparison results, a target detection parameter that is consistent with the manufacturing parameter is determined from a plurality of detection parameters; The device parameters corresponding to the target detection parameters are used as the target device parameters of the ultrasonic testing device.

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