A Method for Identifying Priority Areas for Soil and Water Conservation in Watersheds under Extreme Climate Events

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation in watersheds under extreme climate events. The method includes: acquiring daily precipitation data; constructing a watershed-based meteorological database for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events; constructing a database of the current status of soil and water conservation in watersheds for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events; constructing a database of extreme climate events in watersheds for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events; generating an adaptive layout strategy for soil and water conservation measures in the watershed; identifying hotspot areas affected by extreme climate events within the watershed and setting these hotspot areas as potentially high-risk areas for soil and water loss; and identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events. This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies in capturing extreme climate events dominated by heavy precipitation and improves the efficiency of soil and water conservation deployment during extreme climate events.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil and water conservation technology, and in particular to a method for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation in watersheds under extreme climate events. Background Technology

[0002] Soil erosion is characterized by its wide distribution and profound impact, significantly affecting the diverse development of watershed ecology, economy, society, and culture. It is also a key monitoring and prevention target for multiple departments in my country, including water resources, natural resources, agriculture and rural affairs, and forestry and grassland. In recent years, with the orderly advancement of ecological civilization construction, my country's overall ecological environment has improved, and the trend of soil erosion has been effectively curbed.

[0003] Currently, ecologically fragile areas dominated by water erosion are key regions for comprehensive soil and water conservation in my country. In these areas, comprehensive soil and water conservation efforts largely focus on watersheds as the primary management body, identifying watershed zones for soil and water conservation based on water erosion intensity classifications, and configuring soil and water conservation measures in conjunction with the characteristics of the main source areas of soil erosion (slopes, gullies). This configuration model relies on water erosion intensity classifications using the annual average water erosion modulus as a criterion, leading to slow progress in the orderly management of related secondary disasters. Furthermore, the calculation of the watershed water erosion modulus, while setting a minimum meteorological threshold (erosive rainfall) for water erosion, emphasizes the cumulative effect of precipitation factors, thus failing to adequately capture extreme weather events dominated by heavy rainfall. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method for identifying priority areas for watershed soil and water conservation under extreme climate events, in order to solve the technical problem of insufficient capture of extreme climate events dominated by heavy precipitation in the prior art.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation in watersheds under extreme climate events, comprising:

[0006] S10: Acquire daily precipitation data and construct a basic meteorological database for watershed basic meteorological database to identify priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events.

[0007] S20, Construct a database of the current status of watershed soil and water conservation in priority areas for watershed soil and water conservation under extreme climate events;

[0008] S30. Based on the basin's basic meteorological database, obtain the threshold for identifying extreme climate events within the basin and construct a basin extreme climate event database for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events.

[0009] S40, Based on the current status database of watershed soil and water conservation, generate an adaptive layout strategy for watershed soil and water conservation measures;

[0010] S50, Based on the basin extreme climate event database, identify hotspot areas affected by extreme climate events within the basin and set the hotspot areas as potential high soil erosion risk areas;

[0011] S60, based on the current status database of watershed soil and water conservation and the potential high risk areas of soil and water loss, identify priority areas for watershed soil and water conservation under extreme climate events, and obtain geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor of the priority areas for watershed soil and water conservation.

[0012] S70. Based on the adaptive layout strategy of watershed soil and water conservation measures and the geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor of the priority watershed soil erosion control area, the adaptive layout of watershed soil and water conservation measures in the priority watershed soil erosion control area is completed.

[0013] Optionally, step S10 includes:

[0014] S101, to obtain daily precipitation data within the watershed area;

[0015] S102, preprocess the daily precipitation data to obtain the preprocessed daily precipitation data, and convert it into raster type data based on the station information of the ground meteorological observation station;

[0016] S103, Construct a basic meteorological database for watersheds to identify priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events.

[0017] Optionally, step S20 includes:

[0018] S201, obtain the types of soil and water conservation measures within the watershed, the construction time of soil and water conservation measures, the standards for soil and water conservation engineering measures to defend against rainstorms or floods, and their spatial distribution;

[0019] S202, Based on GIS software, the soil and water conservation measures are converted into vector data according to type;

[0020] S203 integrates vector data of various soil and water conservation measures in GIS software to construct a database of the current status of soil and water conservation in watersheds, used to identify priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events.

[0021] Optionally, step S30 includes:

[0022] S301, Based on the basin's basic meteorological database, obtain the daily maximum precipitation sequence within a preset time period;

[0023] S302, set the 95th percentile of the daily maximum precipitation sequence as the discrimination threshold for the occurrence of extreme climate events in the basin, and define precipitation events exceeding the discrimination threshold as extreme climate events in the basin. Precipitation events include events with daily precipitation greater than 0.1 mm.

[0024] S303, Obtain the cumulative precipitation and precipitation intensity under extreme climate events in the watershed, and construct a watershed extreme climate event database for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events. The data in the watershed extreme climate event database includes cumulative precipitation and precipitation intensity.

[0025] Optionally, step S40 includes:

[0026] S401, combined with the current status database of watershed soil and water conservation, obtain geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor corresponding to soil and water conservation measures within the watershed;

[0027] S402, the geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor are divided into categorical data and numerical data;

[0028] S403, Based on GIS software, conduct an overlay analysis of the aforementioned categorical data and the current status database of watershed soil and water conservation, and generate a simplified diagram of the adaptive layout of soil and water conservation measures;

[0029] S404, perform cluster analysis based on the numerical data, select soil and water conservation measures based on the labeling criteria, and extract the center point information and dominant labels of the cluster subsets as the basis for the precise deployment of soil and water conservation measures.

[0030] S405, Based on the simplified diagram of the adaptive layout of the soil and water conservation measures and the basis for the precise layout of the soil and water conservation measures, generate an adaptive layout strategy for soil and water conservation measures in the watershed.

[0031] Optionally, step S50 includes:

[0032] S501, the local Moran index is obtained based on the following formula:

[0033]

[0034] In the formula: I i Let n be the local Moran index of cell i; n be the number of cells; W ij X is the weighting coefficient; i X is the natural isotropic index of region unit i; j is the natural isoindex of region unit j; It is the average of the natural indices of the unit; For variance;

[0035] S502, Based on the local Moran index, perform hot and cold spot analysis on the cumulative precipitation and precipitation intensity;

[0036] S503, the cold and hot spot analysis results of the cumulative precipitation and precipitation intensity are fused to obtain the hot spot areas affected by extreme climate events within the watershed, and the hot spot areas are set as potential high soil erosion risk areas.

[0037] Optionally, step S60 includes:

[0038] S601, based on GIS software, overlay analysis is performed on the current status database of watershed soil and water conservation and the potential high soil and water conservation risk areas;

[0039] S602, Identify priority areas for soil and water conservation in watersheds under extreme climate events;

[0040] S603, obtain geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor of the priority treatment area for soil erosion in the watershed.

[0041] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0042] This application incorporates extreme weather events (heavy precipitation events) as the basis for delineating priority areas for soil and water conservation in watersheds, fully considering the impact of extreme weather events, primarily heavy precipitation, on soil and water loss. The watershed soil and water conservation zoning of this application relies on extreme weather events (heavy precipitation events), featuring rapid response to such events and improving the speed of emergency response and the efficiency of control measures for related secondary disasters. This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies in insufficiently capturing extreme weather events, primarily heavy precipitation, and improves the deployment efficiency of soil and water conservation efforts during extreme weather events. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation in watersheds under extreme climate events, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram of the adaptive layout of soil and water conservation measures provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In the relevant descriptions of this embodiment, the terms "including," "containing," and "possessing" are all open terms and are generally understood to include but not be limited to; the term "at least one" is generally understood to mean one or more, where "multiple" refers to two or more; the term "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items, for example, "at least one of a, b, or c", or "at least one of a, b, and c", which can all mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple; the symbol "A / B" is used to describe the selection relationship of associated objects, generally indicating an "or" relationship.

[0047] In the following description of the embodiments, the terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. The singular forms "a" and "the" as used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0048] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the following description of the embodiments of this application, the sequence of numbers does not imply the order of execution. Some or all steps may be executed in parallel or sequentially. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will understand that the numerical ranges in the embodiments of this application should be understood to specifically disclose each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as any other stated value or each smaller range between intermediate values ​​within a range, are also included within this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0050] Unless otherwise stated, the technical / scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. While this application describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this application. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0051] This invention provides a method for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation in watersheds under extreme climate events, with reference to... Figure 1 The method may include the following steps:

[0052] S10: Acquire daily precipitation data and construct a basic meteorological database for watersheds to identify priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment, step S10 may include:

[0054] S101, to obtain daily precipitation data within the watershed area;

[0055] S102, preprocess the daily precipitation data to obtain the preprocessed daily precipitation data, and convert it into raster type data based on the station information of the ground meteorological observation station;

[0056] S103, Construct a basic meteorological database for watersheds to identify priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events.

[0057] Specifically, in step S101, daily precipitation data for the past 30 years monitored by ground meteorological observation stations within the watershed are obtained. Furthermore, extreme weather events refer to events involving heavy precipitation.

[0058] S20. Construct a database of the current status of watershed soil and water conservation in priority areas for watershed soil and water conservation under extreme climate events.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment, step S20 may include:

[0060] S201, obtain the types of soil and water conservation measures within the watershed, the construction time of soil and water conservation measures, the standards for soil and water conservation engineering measures to defend against rainstorms or floods, and their spatial distribution;

[0061] S202, Based on GIS software, the soil and water conservation measures are converted into vector data according to type;

[0062] S203 integrates vector data of various soil and water conservation measures in GIS software to construct a database of the current status of soil and water conservation in watersheds, used to identify priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events.

[0063] S30. Based on the basin's basic meteorological database, obtain the threshold for identifying extreme climate events within the basin, and construct a basin extreme climate event database for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events.

[0064] In an exemplary embodiment, step S30 may include:

[0065] S301, Based on the basin's basic meteorological database, obtain the daily maximum precipitation sequence within a preset time period (30 years);

[0066] S302, set the 95th percentile of the daily maximum precipitation sequence as the discrimination threshold for the occurrence of extreme climate events in the basin, and define precipitation events exceeding the discrimination threshold as extreme climate events in the basin. Precipitation events include events with daily precipitation greater than 0.1 mm.

[0067] S303, Obtain the cumulative precipitation and precipitation intensity under extreme climate events in the watershed, and construct a watershed extreme climate event database for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events. The data in the watershed extreme climate event database includes cumulative precipitation and precipitation intensity.

[0068] S40, Based on the database of the current status of watershed soil and water conservation, generate an adaptive layout strategy for watershed soil and water conservation measures.

[0069] In an exemplary embodiment, step S40 may include:

[0070] S401, combined with the current status database of watershed soil and water conservation, obtain geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor corresponding to soil and water conservation measures within the watershed;

[0071] S402, the geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor are divided into categorical data and numerical data;

[0072] S403, based on GIS software, conduct an overlay analysis of the aforementioned categorized data (geomorphic information, land use information) and the watershed soil and water conservation status database to generate a simplified map of the adaptive layout of soil and water conservation measures. The simplified map of the adaptive layout of soil and water conservation measures is shown below. Figure 2 The above;

[0073] S404. Based on the numerical data (slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor), cluster analysis is performed, and soil and water conservation measures are selected based on the labeling criteria. The center point information and dominant labels of the cluster subsets are extracted as the basis for the precise deployment of soil and water conservation measures.

[0074] S405, Based on the simplified diagram of the adaptive layout of the soil and water conservation measures and the basis for the precise layout of the soil and water conservation measures, generate an adaptive layout strategy for soil and water conservation measures in the watershed.

[0075] S50, based on the basin extreme climate event database, identify hotspot areas affected by extreme climate events within the basin, and designate the hotspot areas as potential high soil erosion risk zones.

[0076] In an exemplary embodiment, step S50 may include:

[0077] S501, the local Moran index is obtained based on the following formula:

[0078]

[0079] In the formula: I i Let n be the local Moran index of cell i; n be the number of cells; W ij X is the weighting coefficient; i X is the natural isotropic index of region unit i; j is the natural isoindex of region unit j; It is the average of the natural indices of the unit; For variance;

[0080] S502, Based on the local Moran index, perform hot and cold spot analysis on the cumulative precipitation and precipitation intensity;

[0081] S503, the cold and hot spot analysis results of the cumulative precipitation and precipitation intensity are fused to obtain the hot spot areas affected by extreme climate events within the watershed, and the hot spot areas are set as potential high soil erosion risk areas.

[0082] S60, based on the current status database of watershed soil and water conservation and the potential high risk areas of soil and water loss, identify priority areas for watershed soil and water conservation under extreme climate events, and obtain geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor of the priority areas for watershed soil and water conservation.

[0083] In an exemplary embodiment, step S60 may include:

[0084] S601, based on GIS software, overlay analysis is performed on the current status database of watershed soil and water conservation and the potential high soil and water conservation risk areas;

[0085] S602, Identify priority areas for soil and water conservation in watersheds under extreme climate events;

[0086] S603, obtain geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor of the priority treatment area for soil erosion in the watershed.

[0087] Specifically, in step S602, potential high soil erosion risk areas without any soil and water conservation measures and potential high soil erosion risk areas where various soil and water conservation measures have failed (exceeding the standards for preventing rainstorms or floods, or the expiration of the service life) are identified as priority areas for watershed soil erosion control under extreme climate events.

[0088] S70. Based on the adaptive layout strategy of watershed soil and water conservation measures and the geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor of the priority watershed soil erosion control area, the adaptive layout of watershed soil and water conservation measures in the priority watershed soil erosion control area is completed.

[0089] The above-described one or more embodiments of this application, by incorporating extreme weather events (heavy precipitation events) as the basis for delineating priority areas for watershed soil and water conservation, fully consider the impact of extreme weather events, primarily heavy precipitation, on soil and water loss. The watershed soil and water conservation zoning of this application relies on extreme weather events (heavy precipitation events), featuring rapid response to such events and improving the emergency response speed and governance efficiency for related secondary disasters. This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies in insufficiently capturing extreme weather events, primarily heavy precipitation, and improves the deployment efficiency of soil and water loss prevention and control work during extreme weather events.

[0090] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0091] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the devices and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0092] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some communication interface; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0093] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0094] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0095] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a processor-executable, non-volatile, computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0096] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of this application, used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. The protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, within the technical scope disclosed in this application. Such modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

[0097] Furthermore, although the operations of the method of this application are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in that specific order, or that all the operations shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be broken down into multiple steps.

Claims

1. A method for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation in watersheds under extreme climate events, characterized in that, include: S10: Acquire daily precipitation data and construct a basic meteorological database for watershed basic meteorological database to identify priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events. S20, Construct a database of the current status of watershed soil and water conservation in priority areas for watershed soil and water conservation under extreme climate events; S30. Based on the basin's basic meteorological database, obtain the threshold for identifying extreme climate events within the basin and construct a basin extreme climate event database for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events. S40, Based on the current status database of watershed soil and water conservation, generate an adaptive layout strategy for watershed soil and water conservation measures; S50, Based on the basin extreme climate event database, identify hotspot areas affected by extreme climate events within the basin and set the hotspot areas as potential high soil erosion risk areas; S60, based on the current status database of watershed soil and water conservation and the potential high risk areas of soil and water loss, identify priority areas for watershed soil and water conservation under extreme climate events, and obtain geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor of the priority areas for watershed soil and water conservation. S70. Based on the adaptive layout strategy of watershed soil and water conservation measures and the geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor of the priority watershed soil erosion control area, the adaptive layout of watershed soil and water conservation measures in the priority watershed soil erosion control area is completed. Step S40 includes: S401, combined with the current status database of watershed soil and water conservation, obtain geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor corresponding to soil and water conservation measures within the watershed; S402, the geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor are divided into categorical data and numerical data; S403, Based on GIS software, conduct an overlay analysis of the aforementioned categorical data and the current status database of watershed soil and water conservation, and generate a simplified diagram of the adaptive layout of soil and water conservation measures; S404, perform cluster analysis based on the numerical data, select soil and water conservation measures based on the labeling criteria, and extract the center point information and dominant labels of the cluster subsets as the basis for the precise deployment of soil and water conservation measures. S405, Based on the simplified diagram of the adaptive layout of the soil and water conservation measures and the basis for the precise layout of the soil and water conservation measures, generate an adaptive layout strategy for soil and water conservation measures in the watershed; Step S50 includes: S501, the local Moran index is obtained based on the following formula: ； In the formula: I i Let n be the local Moran index of cell i; n be the number of cells; W ij X is the weighting coefficient; i X is the natural isotropic index of region unit i; j is the natural isoindex of region unit j; It is the average of the natural indices of the unit; For variance; S502, Based on the local Moran index, hot and cold spot analysis is performed on the cumulative precipitation and precipitation intensity; S503, the cold and hot spot analysis results of the cumulative precipitation and precipitation intensity are fused to obtain the hot spot areas affected by extreme climate events within the watershed, and the hot spot areas are set as potential high soil erosion risk areas.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S10 includes: S101, to obtain daily precipitation data within the watershed area; S102, preprocess the daily precipitation data to obtain the preprocessed daily precipitation data, and convert it into raster type data based on the station information of the ground meteorological observation station; S103, Construct a basic meteorological database for watersheds to identify priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S20 includes: S201, obtain the types of soil and water conservation measures within the watershed, the construction time of soil and water conservation measures, the standards for soil and water conservation engineering measures to defend against rainstorms or floods, and their spatial distribution; S202, Based on GIS software, the soil and water conservation measures are converted into vector data according to type; S203 integrates vector data of various soil and water conservation measures in GIS software to construct a database of the current status of soil and water conservation in watersheds, used to identify priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S30 includes: S301, Based on the basin's basic meteorological database, obtain the daily maximum precipitation sequence within a preset time period; S302, set the 95th percentile of the daily maximum precipitation sequence as the discrimination threshold for the occurrence of extreme climate events in the basin, and define precipitation events exceeding the discrimination threshold as extreme climate events in the basin. Precipitation events include events with daily precipitation greater than 0.1 mm. S303, Obtain the cumulative precipitation and precipitation intensity under extreme climate events in the watershed, and construct a watershed extreme climate event database for identifying priority areas for soil and water conservation under extreme climate events. The data in the watershed extreme climate event database includes cumulative precipitation and precipitation intensity.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S60 includes: S601, based on GIS software, overlay analysis is performed on the current status database of watershed soil and water conservation and the potential high soil and water conservation risk areas; S602, Identify priority areas for soil and water conservation in watersheds under extreme climate events; S603, obtain geomorphological information, land use information, slope, normalized vegetation index and soil erodibility factor of the priority treatment area for soil erosion in the watershed.

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