Method and equipment for disinfecting and killing respiratory viruses by spatially spraying hydroxyl free radical liquid drops

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and equipment for rapidly killing respiratory viruses by spatially spraying hydroxyl free radical droplets, and the method comprises the following steps: introducing oxygen O2 into an oxygen plasma generation source, and applying high-frequency and high-voltage excitation to the oxygen plasma generation source to generate high-concentration oxygen active particles; oxygen active particle gas is injected into the jet mixer, a large number of ultra-fine bubbles are generated through the water jet cavitation effect, OH is efficiently generated at the instant high temperature and high pressure of explosion of the ultra-fine bubbles and under the action of pressure shock waves of backfilling holes, and then the OH flows into the second-stage baffling mixing and dissolving device to generate a high-concentration OH solution; the OH solution is sheared by high-pressure jet flow of the spray head to form OH liquid drops, and the liquid drops are contacted, collided, broken and spread to instantly kill pathogenic microorganisms including respiratory viruses; the intelligent control system performs real-time state sensing and intelligent control, fault diagnosis, prediction and early warning, cloud service and remote monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of air and surface disinfection and free radical biology technology, and is particularly suitable for the efficient and green killing of respiratory viruses and pathogenic microorganisms. Specifically, it relates to a method and equipment for the rapid disinfection of respiratory viruses by spatial spraying of hydroxyl free radical droplets. Background Technology

[0002] Various respiratory viruses and pathogenic microorganisms can survive on object surfaces for a long time and can spread rapidly among people in the form of aerosols, posing a risk of infection to healthy individuals.

[0003] Spraying disinfectants on spaces and object surfaces is a core means of blocking the spread of respiratory viruses such as coronaviruses, influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial viruses, and other pathogenic microorganisms. Common disinfectants include peroxide disinfectants, chlorine disinfectants, quaternary ammonium salts, and other new low-temperature disinfectants.

[0004] Disinfection of object surfaces by spraying or immersing with 1,000–2,000 mg / L peracetic acid or 30,000 mg / L hydrogen peroxide can last up to 30 minutes. However, a stable low-concentration hydrogen peroxide spray and its preparation method (CN202111147846.4) spraying a disinfectant solution containing 5,000 mg / L hydrogen peroxide results in a sterilization rate of less than 96% in the environment. Space disinfection using 15,000–30,000 mg / L hydrogen peroxide via spraying at a rate of 10–20 mL / m² is also effective. 3 The disinfection time is approximately 60 minutes, and ventilation is required. [Ayub A, et al. Use of hydrogen peroxide vapor for microbiological disinfection in hospital environments: AReview.] Bioengineering [, 2024, 11(3): 205.]; Peroxide disinfectants are expensive to use, and due to their strong oxidizing properties and the risk of explosion under certain conditions, they may cause serious harm to the environment and human body.

[0005] For disinfection of epidemic foci and places or object surfaces contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms, the concentration of chlorine-containing disinfectants for objects at room temperature is 500~1,000 mg / L, with a maximum concentration of up to 15,000 mg / L. The spraying dosage is approximately 100~300 mL / m². 2Disinfection requires standing for 15-30 minutes or more, and the amount of disinfectant used at low temperatures is twice that at room temperature. A low-temperature disinfectant and its preparation and application (CN202011601719.2) discloses a low-temperature disinfectant with an effective chlorine concentration of 3600-5000 mg / L and a disinfection time >10 minutes. Chlorine-containing disinfectants have a long action time and release toxic chlorine gas in acidic environments; long-term exposure is corrosive and irritating to humans and object surfaces.

[0006] Quaternary ammonium salt disinfectants suitable for surface disinfection at concentrations of 2,000–4,000 mg / L and an action time of 15 minutes have a weak effect on killing viruses and may generate irritating gases or corrosive substances. Other disinfectants, such as ethylene oxide at concentrations of 800–1,200 mg / L, only achieve a virus killing rate of 86.1% after 6 hours of disinfection. A mixed disinfectant of ethanol / glycerol / hydrogen peroxide at a spray concentration of 300,000 mg / L (30%) and a disinfection time of 30 seconds only achieves a virus inactivation rate of 40%–80%. This method cannot completely eliminate the risk of infection and transmission of pathogenic microorganisms and is only suitable for preliminary disinfection. Extensive use can easily affect the health and safety of workers.

[0007] Methods for killing viruses and other pathogenic microorganisms also include ozone disinfection and ultraviolet disinfection. Oxygen plasma sterilizers generate oxygen plasma that reacts at 70%–90% humidity to form •OH, H2O2, etc., while ozone sterilization equipment uses O3 or ozone water as a disinfectant. Both can destroy organelles and DNA / RNA pathogenic microorganisms through oxidation, leading to their death and inactivation (a gas-liquid dual-purpose ozone sterilizer and its usage method, CN 202411415352.3; a plasma sterilizer, CN202311300473.9). Disinfection in enclosed spaces without personnel can last 30–120 minutes, and 1–2 hours are typically allowed after disinfection for the ozone to fully decompose.

[0008] When using ultraviolet disinfection, it is essential to ensure that no one is exposed to the environment. Disinfect a 30m² area. 2 In such spaces, 30-60W ultraviolet lamps need to run continuously for 15-30 minutes. The disinfection effect is poor in shadowed areas or areas under objects where light cannot directly reach, making complete space disinfection difficult. A disinfection system and method for cold chain applications (CN202011590067.7) uses a portable alcohol atomizing disinfection device for personnel passages, and sets up ultraviolet sterilization chambers and ozone sterilization chambers sequentially for item passages, separated by openable panels. The disinfection process is complex, and there is a risk of fire or even explosion when the ethanol concentration in the air is >3.3% and it comes into contact with open flames or static electricity.

[0009] Existing disinfection technologies and systems targeting respiratory viruses generally suffer from problems such as high disinfectant concentrations (1,000~20,000 mg / L), large dosages (10 L / min), long disinfection times (30~120 min), high residual concentrations (>500 mg / L), and low levels of automation. These limitations make it difficult to rapidly, efficiently, and environmentally friendly disinfect against the novel coronavirus and other pathogenic microorganisms. Current disinfection equipment relies entirely on natural collisions or sedimentation to contact and sterilize pathogenic microorganisms on the surface of infected objects or in the air. This makes it difficult to accurately identify and spray disinfectant onto infected objects and spaces, resulting in unclear disinfection effects, low agent utilization, low disinfection efficiency, and an inability to guarantee safety for humans and the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This invention addresses the problem that existing disinfectants and equipment are unable to achieve highly efficient (~100%), rapid (ms~s-level), and green (residue-free) disinfection of respiratory viruses and other pathogenic microorganisms. It provides a method and device for rapidly disinfecting respiratory viruses by spatial spraying of hydroxyl radical (•OH) droplets. This method achieves atmospheric pressure ionization discharge to generate high-concentration oxygen active particles, which, in conjunction with water jet cavitation, efficiently generate •OH solution. The high-concentration •OH solution is then spatially sprayed through a high-pressure nozzle and comes into contact with the surface of objects to achieve ~100% disinfection of respiratory viruses and pathogenic microorganisms. The entire process is intelligent.

[0011] A method for rapidly eliminating respiratory viruses through spatial spraying of hydroxyl radical droplets, characterized by the following steps: Oxygen (O2) is introduced into an oxygen plasma generator, and high-frequency, high-voltage excitation is applied to the oxygen plasma generator to form atmospheric pressure ionization discharge in a 0.05-0.2 mm discharge gap, which is promoted by alternating microjets and microglow. O2 is ionized and dissociated to generate high-concentration oxygen-active particles; the oxygen-active particle gas is injected into a jet mixer, and the cavitation effect of the water jet generates a large number of ultrafine bubbles. The explosion of these numerous microbubbles, under the action of high temperature, high pressure, and pressure shock waves from filling the voids, efficiently generates •OH, which is then reflowed. A high-concentration •OH solution is generated by a two-stage baffle mixing device; the •OH solution is sheared by a high-pressure jet from a nozzle to form •OH droplets. The droplets contact, collide, break, and spread, instantly disinfecting pathogenic microorganisms, including respiratory viruses. The intelligent control system provides real-time status perception and intelligent control, fault diagnosis and predictive early warning, cloud services and remote monitoring, and automatically controls the •OH solution production and spatial spraying parameters to meet the dosage and time requirements for 100% disinfection of hospital environments, logistics and storage links, as well as respiratory viruses in enclosed spaces and object surfaces. The disinfection process does not cause persistent pollution to the atmosphere and soil and is harmless to human health.

[0012] Furthermore, oxygen (O2) is introduced into the oxygen plasma generator. A submicron (0.1–0.3 µm) α-Al2O3 thin dielectric layer and asymmetric electrodes are used to apply a high-frequency excitation of ≥8 kHz and a high-voltage excitation of ≥5 kV to a discharge gap of 0.05–0.2 mm. Methods and numerical models are established to characterize and diagnose key physical parameters such as the localized strong electric field, average electron energy, discharge channel electron density, and ionization duty cycle. This allows for the control of sustained atmospheric pressure micro-glow discharge, which in turn forms atmospheric pressure strong ionization discharge. O2 is ionized and dissociated to generate high-energy 12.5 eV O2. + The main oxygen-active particles were at a concentration of 180~600 mg / L. The O2 flow rate was optimized to 0.5~15 L / min and the applied discharge power was 100~400 W by using a numerical model of "discharge power-oxygen flow rate-oxygen-active particle concentration".

[0013] Furthermore, a high-concentration oxygen-active particle gas is injected into the jet mixer. Through the establishment of a numerical model for the generation of •OH solution by water jet cavitation, the gas-liquid ratio is optimized to be 1 / 10~2 / 3, and the inlet and outlet pressure difference is 0.1~0.4MPa. The water jet cavitation effect generates ultrafine bubbles containing a large number of oxygen-active particles. Under the action of the instantaneous high temperature and high pressure of the explosion of the numerous microbubbles and the pressure shock wave of backfilling the cavities, •OH is efficiently generated. In water, a series of free radical chain reactions are induced to instantly generate H2O2 and HO2•, •H, HO3• free radicals. The jet mixer includes a contraction section, a throat section, a diffusion section, and an intake port.

[0014] Furthermore, the •OH solution flows into the secondary baffle mixing device for further mixing with water, and unreacted oxygen reactive particles are thermally decomposed and eliminated by the residual gas eliminator. The secondary baffle mixing device includes a baffle mixer and a mixing tank. The baffle mixer is designed with a baffle structure to increase turbulence intensity, promote the miscibility of oxygen reactive particles with water, increase the amount of free radicals generated, and buffer the system pressure. The mixing tank is equipped with a liquid distribution plate and miscible packing to further improve the gas-liquid miscibility and generate a high concentration of •OH solution. The total oxidant (TRO) concentration generated is 10~100 mg / L.

[0015] Furthermore, a high-concentration •OH solution is delivered to the spraying device via a booster pump. At the nozzle outlet, the high-pressure jet is initially broken into linear, ribbon-like, or ring-shaped droplets by aerodynamic forces and shearing. Further aerodynamic forces then cause secondary breakage, forming a large number of •OH droplets. By establishing a kinetic model of the high-pressure jet breakage and diffusion to form •OH droplets, the flow rate of the •OH solution at the nozzle inlet, the inlet-outlet pressure difference, and the spray angle are controlled. This establishes the •OH droplet size, spray velocity, and effective spatial area, and regulates the •OH droplet concentration, spray density, and spray time on the disinfection surface. The •OH droplet size is 100~300μm, the jet collision velocity is 4~18m / s, and the •OH spatial spray angle is 60°~74°. The inlet-outlet pressure difference is 0.1~0.35MPa, the nozzle diameter is 0.5~1.2mm, and the •OH solution flow rate is 200~720 mL / min.

[0016] Furthermore, the shear force and shock wave effect caused by the collision of •OH droplets, combined with the wetting and surface tension effects of the droplets, act on respiratory viruses. •OH rapidly targets key sites of viral infection, replication, assembly, and release, effectively killing different respiratory viruses and pathogenic microorganisms through multi-target attack. By establishing "dose-effect" and "time-effect" models for •OH virus elimination, the spraying of •OH droplets can be controlled for rapid elimination; with a •OH droplet concentration of 0.5~2 mg / L and a elimination time of 2~20 s, the elimination rate of respiratory viruses and pathogenic microorganisms is 100%.

[0017] Furthermore, the intelligent control system includes an intelligent center A, an oxygen plasma generation module A1, a high-concentration •OH solution preparation intelligent module A2, a spatial spraying intelligent control module A3, and a disinfection equipment action control module A4. Multiple inputs and outputs are sent to the intelligent center A, comprehensively utilizing neural networks and fuzzy inference to adaptively control the •OH solution preparation, spraying, and mechanical actions for rapid disinfection of respiratory viruses. Based on the on-site virus and natural bacteria content, the concentration of •OH droplets, spraying density, and spraying time are determined. A3 incorporates a high-pressure jet rupture and diffusion mechanism to form •OH droplets. The system employs a learning model to control the flow rate of the •OH solution, the pressure difference between the nozzle inlet and outlet, and the spray angle. The A2 module incorporates a numerical model for generating •OH solution through water jet cavitation, controlling the gas-liquid ratio and jet pressure difference based on the required •OH solution concentration and yield to determine the necessary oxygen reactive particle concentration and yield. A closed-loop feedback algorithm is used, with the A1 module automatically controlling the excitation power applied to the plasma integrated source. Real-time detection of the spatial area and spraying effect is achieved through laser detection, image processing, and machine vision automatic recognition and calculation technologies. A cloud service platform and wireless communication enable remote monitoring of the disinfection equipment, driving data-driven equipment health management.

[0018] A device for rapidly eliminating respiratory viruses through spatial spraying of hydroxyl radical droplets includes an oxygen plasma generating unit, a high-concentration •OH solution generating unit, a spatial spraying unit, and an intelligent control system. The oxygen plasma generating unit is connected to an oxygen (O2) pipeline, and the generated oxygen reactive particles are injected into the jet mixer of the high-concentration •OH solution generating unit. Water jet cavitation efficiently generates •OH. The •OH solution is transported to the spatial spraying unit by a booster pump through pipeline, and the •OH droplets are sprayed to eliminate respiratory viruses. The intelligent control system has a built-in control algorithm for elimination, and obtains the operating status in real time through sensing and control elements and intelligent boards to control the •OH droplet spraying equipment to rapidly eliminate respiratory viruses and pathogenic microorganisms.

[0019] The oxygen plasma generating unit includes a high-frequency high-voltage excitation power supply 1 and an oxygen plasma generating source 2. The inlet of the oxygen plasma generating source 2 is connected to an oxygen pipeline. The oxygen pipeline is equipped with a first solenoid valve 101, an oxygen mass flow controller 111 to control the oxygen flow, and a first pressure sensor 121 to detect the pressure. The high-frequency high-voltage excitation power supply 1 applies excitation power to the oxygen plasma generating source 2, ionizing and dissociating oxygen (O2) within a discharge gap of 0.05~0.2mm to generate oxygen reactive particle gas. A plasma diagnostic instrument 131 is connected to the oxygen plasma generating source 2 to monitor the discharge parameters in real time. The outlet of the oxygen plasma generating source 2 is equipped with a second solenoid valve 102 and a gas mass flow controller 112 to control the mass flow rate of the oxygen reactive particle gas injected into the jet mixer 5, and an online detector 132 to detect the concentration of oxygen reactive particles in the pipeline.

[0020] The high-concentration •OH solution generation unit includes a jet mixer 5, a water storage tank 3, a water supply pump 141, a two-stage baffle mixing device 6, an online residual chlorine detector, and a flow meter. Oxygen-active particle gas and water are mixed in the jet mixer 5 through water jet cavitation effect to generate a •OH solution, which then flows into the two-stage baffle mixing device 6 to generate the final •OH solution. The internal structure of the jet mixer 5 includes a contraction section, a throat section, a diffuser section, and an injection port. Oxygen-active particle gas is injected into the jet mixer 5 through the injection port in the throat section. The first end of the contraction section is connected to the main water supply pipeline, and the end of the diffuser section is connected to… • OH solution pipeline; the main water supply pipeline is equipped with a water storage tank 3, a fourth solenoid valve 104, a water supply pump 141, a filter 4, a first flow meter 113, and a second pressure sensor 122; the • OH solution pipeline is equipped with a third pressure sensor 123 and a first residual chlorine detector 134, which delivers the • OH solution to the secondary baffle mixing device 6; the main water supply pipeline has a bypass after the outlet of the first flow meter 113, which is called the mixing branch. The mixing branch is equipped with a fifth solenoid valve 105 and a fluid flow controller 114, which are connected to the secondary baffle mixing device 6.

[0021] The spatial spraying unit includes an OH solution delivery pipeline, an OH droplet nozzle 8, a laser dynamic particle analyzer with a laser emitter 91 and a laser receiver 92, and a visual camera, infrared sensor, and online ambient air quality detector for synchronous information acquisition. A high-concentration OH solution is delivered to the spatial spraying device by a booster pump 142. The OH solution is sheared by the high-pressure jet from the high-pressure nozzle 8 to form OH droplets, which are then sprayed onto the spatial area and object surfaces to disinfect respiratory viruses. The high-concentration OH solution delivery pipeline is equipped with a second residual chlorine detector 135, a second flow meter 115, a booster pump 142, and a fourth pressure sensor 124. The second residual chlorine detector 135 is located at the outlet of the secondary baffle mixing device 6, and the end of the delivery pipeline is connected to the nozzle 8. The nozzle 8 and the infrared sensor are mounted on an automatic pan-tilt unit, which rotates with the nozzle and infrared sensor. The laser dynamic particle analyzer and the visual camera monitor the OH droplet spraying effect in real time, identify the affected spatial area, and provide feedback control for the OH droplet spatial spraying to kill respiratory viruses. The high-pressure nozzle is one of a conical nozzle or a jet fan-shaped nozzle.

[0022] The intelligent control system includes an intelligent center A and connected sensing and control elements, an oxygen plasma generation module A1, a high-concentration •OH solution preparation intelligent module A2, a spatial spraying intelligent control module A3, and a disinfection equipment action control module A4. It comprehensively utilizes neural networks and fuzzy reasoning to adaptively control the •OH solution preparation, spraying, and mechanical actions. It identifies and calculates the spraying distance, coverage area, and spraying time in real time, and judges the disinfection effect based on the relationship between "spraying dosage and disinfection effect" until the target of ~100% disinfection of respiratory viruses is achieved. The disinfection equipment action control module A4 controls the disinfection equipment to execute the next disinfection task.

[0023] Furthermore, the secondary baffle mixing device 6 includes a baffle mixer and a mixing tank. The baffle mixer has a drain port 61 and an OH solution inlet at the bottom, and is equipped with four to eight layers of baffles 62 inside. The top is equipped with a fifth pressure sensor 63 and an exhaust port 64. The outlet at the top of the baffle mixer is connected to the inlet at the bottom of the mixing tank. The mixing tank is equipped with a distribution plate 66, on which mixing filler 67 is laid. The top is equipped with a fifth pressure sensor 63 and a safety valve 69. The mixing tank is equipped with a high-concentration OH solution outlet.

[0024] Furthermore, any of the following methods can be used to disinfect hospital environments, logistics and storage processes, as well as enclosed spaces and object surfaces to prevent respiratory viruses: (1) Large space disinfection equipment: The oxygen plasma generating unit and the high concentration •OH solution generating unit are combined to form a •OH generating device, as well as a space spraying unit and an intelligent control system, which are mounted on the vehicle carrier. The •OH droplet spraying covers a large space with a range of 30 meters and a height of 8 meters, and disinfects external roads, logistics vehicles and containers. (2) Robotic disinfection equipment: The frame structure integrates four major modules, namely oxygen plasma generation unit, high concentration •OH solution generation unit, space spraying unit and intelligent control system, on an automatic cruise chassis. The robot collects real-time information on the disinfection effect and autonomously plans its path to carry out fixed-point positioning or cruise spraying disinfection in hospitals, schools and enclosed spaces. (3) Tunnel-type transport •OH droplet disinfection equipment: The oxygen plasma generating unit, the high-concentration •OH solution generating unit, and the intelligent control system are assembled to form a •OH generating device. The space spraying unit and the conveying mechanism are integrated to form a tunnel-type transport structure, and the goods are sprayed and disinfected during the transport process.

[0025] The three types of assembly adopt the method of disinfecting respiratory viruses according to claims 1 to 7. Based on the "dose-effect" and "time-effect" models of disinfection, the intelligent center A automatically controls the •OH solution preparation and spatial spraying parameters to meet the dose and time requirements of the corresponding disinfection scenarios.

[0026] The technical effects of this invention are as follows: (1) •OH is a green strong oxidant. The biochemical reaction time of •OH is in the millisecond range. •OH droplets spray and directional contact with the surface of objects can quickly (4~20s) and efficiently disinfect respiratory viruses and pathogenic microorganisms up to 100%. The concentration of •OH droplets is 0.5~2mg / L, and the disinfection effect meets the standard "Evaluation Method of Spray Disinfection Effect" (GB / T 38499-2020).

[0027] (2) It directly targets key sites of viral infection, replication, assembly and release, and multi-target attack to kill viruses efficiently. It has a broad spectrum of characteristics that kill different coronaviruses and variant strains, influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial viruses and other respiratory viruses and pathogenic microorganisms.

[0028] (3) This invention provides three types of equipment that can be assembled into a mobile large-space disinfection equipment, a robot disinfection equipment, and a tunnel-type transport •OH droplet disinfection equipment. These equipment can quickly disinfect the surfaces of objects and infected spaces in key logistics links, medical institutions, transportation hubs and related facilities and places. The disinfection dosage is low and the efficiency is high. There is no large-scale washing and disinfection. The remaining •OH decomposes into O2 and H2O, which will not cause persistent pollution to the atmosphere and soil and is harmless to human health.

[0029] (4) The technical equipment for rapid disinfection of pathogenic microorganisms by spraying •OH droplets in space provided by the present invention is unmanned, intelligently controlled, and has intelligent effect perception, thus avoiding infection of personnel during the disinfection process. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of rapid disinfection of respiratory viruses by hydroxyl radical droplet space spraying; Figure 2 • Schematic diagram of intelligent control and cloud service for OH droplet space spraying disinfection; Figure 3 Automated operation flowchart for space spraying disinfection; Figure 4 A high-speed camera image showing the effect of •OH droplets being sprayed in space. Figure 5 • OH droplets effectively kill pathogenic microorganisms upon contact and collision with object surfaces; Figure 6 Structural diagram of a two-stage baffle mixing apparatus; Figure 7 •OH droplet space spraying disinfection equipment.

[0031] In the diagram: 101-First solenoid valve; 102-Second solenoid valve; 103-Third solenoid valve; 104-Fourth solenoid valve; 105-Fifth solenoid valve; 106-Sixth solenoid valve; 111-Oxygen mass flow controller; 112-Gas mass flow controller; 113-First flow meter; 114-Fluid flow controller; 115-Second flow meter; 121-First pressure sensor; 122-Second pressure sensor; 123-Third pressure sensor; 124-Fourth pressure sensor; 131-Plasma diagnostic instrument; 13 2-Oxygen reactive particle concentration analyzer; 133-Liquid level sensor; 134-First residual chlorine detector; 135-Second residual chlorine detector; 1-High frequency high voltage excitation power supply; 2-Oxygen plasma generator; 3-Water storage tank; 4-Filter; 141-Water supply pump; 142-Booster pump; 5-Jet mixer; 6-Secondary baffle mixing device; 61-Drain port; 62-Baffle plate; 63-Fifth pressure sensor; 64-Exhaust port; 65-Base; 66-Liquid distribution plate; 67-Mixable packing; 68-Gas-liquid separation port; 69-Safety valve; 7-Thermal digester; 8-•OH droplet nozzle; 91-Laser emitter; 92-Laser receiver.

[0032] A - Central Intelligent Control Center; A1 - Oxygen Plasma Generation Module; A2 - Intelligent Module for •OH Solution Preparation; A3 - Intelligent Control Module for Space Spraying; A4 - Equipment Action Control Module; B1 - High-Frequency High-Voltage Excitation Power Supply; B2 - Oxygen Plasma Generator. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the content described.

[0034] The device of this invention is a device for rapidly eliminating respiratory viruses and other pathogenic microorganisms through spatial spraying of hydroxyl radical droplets, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, it includes an oxygen plasma generation unit, a high-concentration •OH solution generation unit, a space spraying unit, a monitoring system, and an intelligent control system.

[0035] The oxygen plasma generating unit consists of a high-frequency, high-voltage excitation power supply 1 and an oxygen plasma source 2, which functions to generate oxygen-reactive particle gas with a concentration of 180-600 mg / L. The inlet of the oxygen plasma source 2 is connected to an oxygen pipeline, and is sequentially equipped with a first solenoid valve 101 and an oxygen mass flow controller 111 to control the oxygen flow rate from 0.5 to 15 L / min. A first pressure sensor 121 is installed to detect the pressure in real time. The high-frequency, high-voltage excitation power supply 1 applies excitation power to the oxygen plasma source 2, ionizing and dissociating oxygen (O2) within an extremely narrow gap of 0.1 mm to generate oxygen-reactive particle gas. A plasma diagnostic instrument 131 is connected to the oxygen plasma source 2 to monitor discharge parameters in real time. The outlet of the oxygen plasma source 2 is sequentially equipped with a second solenoid valve 102 and a gas mass flow controller 112 to control the mass flow rate of the oxygen-reactive particle gas injected into the jet mixer 5. An online detector 132 detects the concentration of oxygen-reactive particles in the pipeline. The gas delivery pipeline uses a stainless steel pipe with an inner diameter of 4 mm.

[0036] The high-concentration •OH solution generation unit includes a jet mixer 5, a water storage tank 3, a water supply pump 141, a two-stage baffle mixing device 6, an online residual chlorine detector, and a flow meter. High-concentration oxygen-reactive particle gas and water are efficiently mixed in the jet mixer 5 using the water jet cavitation effect to generate a •OH solution, which then flows into the two-stage baffle mixing device 6 to generate a •OH solution with a TRO concentration of 10~100 mg / L. The internal structure of the jet mixer 5 includes a contraction section, a throat section, a diffuser section, and an injection port. High-concentration oxygen-reactive particle gas is injected into the jet mixer 5 through the injection port in the throat section. The first end of the contraction section is connected to the main water supply pipeline, and the end of the diffuser section is connected to the •OH solution pipeline. The main water supply pipeline is sequentially equipped with a water storage tank 3, a fourth solenoid valve 104, a water pump 141, a filter 4, a first flow meter 113, and a second pressure sensor 122. The •OH solution pipeline is sequentially equipped with a third pressure sensor 123 and a first residual chlorine detector 134, which transports the •OH solution to the secondary baffle mixing device 6. The water source is supplied by the water storage tank 3. When the level sensor 133 detects that the water level is below 20%, it controls the opening of the third solenoid valve 103 to replenish water. A bypass is provided after the outlet of the first flow meter 113 on the main water supply pipeline. This bypass is called the mixing branch, which is sequentially equipped with a fifth solenoid valve 105 and a fluid flow controller 114, and is connected to the secondary baffle mixing device 6.

[0037] The secondary baffle mixing device 6 includes a baffle mixer and a mixing tank. The baffle mixer has a drain port 61 and an OH solution inlet at the bottom, and is equipped with 4-8 layers of baffles 62 inside. A fifth pressure sensor 63 and an exhaust port 64 are located at the top. The outlet at the top of the baffle mixer is connected to a stainless steel pipe via a flange, which leads to the inlet at the bottom of the mixing tank. The mixing tank is equipped with a distribution plate 66, on which a miscible packing material 67 is laid. A fifth pressure sensor 63 and a safety valve 69 are installed at the top, automatically releasing pressure when the tank pressure exceeds 0.2 MPa. The miscible packing material 67 is one of Pall rings or Raschig ring ceramic packing, and its height occupies 1 / 4 of the mixing tank.

[0038] The space spraying unit includes an OH solution delivery pipeline, an OH droplet nozzle 8, a laser dynamic particle analyzer with a laser emitter 91 and a laser receiver 92, and a visual camera, infrared sensor, and online ambient air quality monitor for synchronous information acquisition. A high-concentration OH solution is delivered to the space spraying device by a booster pump 142. The technical equipment in this embodiment uses a high-pressure swirling conical nozzle for OH droplets, but the protection range is not limited to this nozzle. The OH solution is sheared by the high-pressure jet from the high-pressure swirling conical nozzle 8 to form OH droplets, which are sprayed onto the space area and object surfaces to disinfect indicator microorganisms of respiratory viruses. The high-concentration OH solution delivery pipeline is sequentially equipped with a second residual chlorine detector 135, a second flow meter 115, a booster pump 142, and a fourth pressure sensor 124. The second residual chlorine detector 135 is located at the outlet of the secondary baffle mixing device 6, and the end of the delivery pipeline is connected to the nozzle 8 via a thread. The nozzle 8 and infrared sensor are mounted on an automatic pan-tilt unit, which rotates 360° horizontally and 180° vertically with the nozzle and infrared sensor. A laser dynamic particle analyzer and a vision camera monitor the spraying effect of the •OH droplets in real time, identify the area of ​​action, and provide feedback to control the spatial spraying of •OH droplets to kill the novel coronavirus.

[0039] The monitoring system utilizes high-precision sensing and control components and intelligent boards, connected via wired connections to 4G / 5G communication devices, and establishes a cloud service platform for remote interconnection. The high-precision sensing and control components are connected via wired connections to a signal expansion module, transmitting data to the central processor via wired / wireless methods. This allows for real-time acquisition of operating parameters and statuses such as •OH droplet size, spraying speed, effective area, spraying density, •OH solution concentration, and oxygen reactive particle concentration. The system automatically controls the oxygen plasma generation unit, the high-concentration •OH solution generation unit, and the spatial spraying unit, adjusting the surface •OH droplet concentration, spraying density, and spraying time.

[0040] The intelligent control system includes a central intelligent control center A, an oxygen plasma generation module A1, an intelligent •OH solution preparation module A2, a spatial spraying intelligent control module A3, and an equipment action control module A4. Based on real-time sensing data, control center A adaptively controls oxygen plasma generation A1, •OH solution preparation A2, and spatial spraying A3 using neural networks and fuzzy inference algorithms. It also identifies and calculates spraying distance, coverage area, and spraying time in real time, judging the disinfection effect based on the relationship between spraying dosage and disinfection effect, until the target of ~100% disinfection of respiratory viruses is achieved. Module A4 then controls the disinfection equipment to execute the next disinfection task.

[0041] •OH droplet spraying is a method for rapidly eliminating respiratory viruses and other pathogenic microorganisms, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, oxygen (O2) is introduced into the oxygen plasma generator. High-frequency, high-voltage excitation is applied to the oxygen plasma generator, creating an atmospheric pressure ionization discharge within a 0.05–0.2 mm discharge gap, characterized by alternating microjets and microglow. O2 is ionized and dissociated to generate high-energy 12.5 eV O2 plasma. + High-concentration oxygen-active particles are the primary component. The oxygen-active particle gas is injected into the jet mixer, where the water jet cavitation effect generates a large number of ultrafine bubbles. The explosion of these numerous microbubbles (μm) under high temperature and pressure, along with the pressure shock wave from filling the cavities, efficiently generates •OH. This •OH then flows into a secondary baffle mixing device to form a high-concentration •OH solution. The •OH solution is sheared by the high-pressure jet from the nozzle to form •OH droplets. The droplets, upon contact, collision, break up, and spread, instantly achieve ~100% elimination of respiratory viruses such as COVID-19 and other pathogenic microorganisms. The intelligent control system provides real-time status perception and intelligent control, fault diagnosis and predictive early warning, cloud services, and remote monitoring to avoid the risk of personnel infection and virus transmission. The main steps include: 1) Cloud services and wireless communication are enabled to remotely monitor the equipment connected to the •OH droplet space spraying technology for virus disinfection, setting disinfection parameters and issuing disinfection commands. The central intelligent control center A acquires real-time information on multiple parameters such as oxygen plasma source pressure, oxygen flow rate, water flow rate, jet mixer inlet and outlet pressure difference, and TRO concentration. Modules A1, A2, and A3 control the opening and closing of solenoid valves, the start and stop of water pumps, oxygen mass flow rate, and water flow rate, etc. Visual images, infrared ranging, and laser scanning detection are transmitted to the control center in real time, automatically identifying the space to be disinfected and the surface of the object. The A4 module automatically starts to adjust the spraying distance and movement, and sequentially controls the activation of the oxygen plasma generation unit, the high-concentration •OH solution generation unit, and the space spraying unit.

[0042] 2) In the oxygen plasma generation unit, high-purity (≥95%) oxygen (O2) is introduced into the oxygen plasma source. A submicron (0.1~0.3µm) α-Al2O3 thin dielectric layer and asymmetric electrodes (the asymmetric electrodes used in this invention are point-to-surface discharge electrodes formed by needles and plates or line-to-surface discharge electrodes formed by sheets and plates) are used. High-frequency (5~8kHz) and high-voltage (≥5kV) excitation is applied to the 0.05~0.2mm discharge gap. Methods and numerical models are established to characterize and diagnose key physical parameters such as the local strong electric field, average electron energy, discharge channel electron density, and ionization duty cycle. This results in continuous atmospheric pressure micro-glow discharge, which in turn forms atmospheric pressure strong ionization discharge. O2 is ionized and dissociated to generate high-concentration oxygen-active particles. These oxygen-active particles include O2. + O, O + O( 3 P), O( 1 D), O2(a 1 g) and O3, among which high-energy 12.5 eV O2 + These are the key active particles for generating •OH. The specific steps are as follows: The oxygen plasma generating unit is activated to generate a high-concentration oxygen reactive particle gas. The first solenoid valve 101, the second solenoid valve 102, and the sixth solenoid valve 106 are opened. The gas mass flow controller 111 controls the oxygen mass flow rate to 0.5~15L / min. The high-frequency high-voltage excitation power supply 1 applies excitation power to the oxygen plasma generating source 2, forming an atmospheric pressure ionization discharge in a 0.1mm discharge gap, which is promoted by alternating microjets and microglow, generating an oxygen reactive particle concentration of 180~600mg / L.

[0043] 3) In the high-concentration •OH solution generation unit, high-concentration oxygen active particle gas is injected into the jet mixer. Through the established numerical model of water jet cavitation to generate •OH solution, the gas-liquid ratio and inlet-outlet pressure difference are optimized and controlled. The water jet cavitation effect generates ultrafine bubbles containing a large number of oxygen active particles. Under the action of the instantaneous high temperature and high pressure of the explosion of the numerous microbubbles (μm) and the pressure shock wave of backfilling the cavities, •OH is efficiently generated. In water, a series of free radical chain reactions are induced to instantly generate H2O2 and free radicals such as HO2•, •H, and HO3•.

[0044] Starting the high-concentration •OH solution generation unit includes the following steps: opening the third solenoid valve 103, replenishing the water level in the storage tank to above 80%, opening the fourth solenoid valve 104 and the fifth solenoid valve 105, operating the feed water pump 141 according to the required •OH solution concentration and output, controlling the water flow rate of branch 114 with the liquid flow controller, and maintaining the main pipeline water flow rate at 0.03~1m³. 3 / h; High-concentration oxygen-active particle gas is injected into jet mixer 5, controlling the gas-liquid ratio to be 1 / 10~2 / 3, and the inlet and outlet pressure difference to be 0.1~0.4MPa. The water jet cavitation effect generates a large number of ultrafine bubbles of oxygen-active particles. Under the action of the high temperature and pressure of the explosion of the numerous microbubbles (μm) and the pressure shock wave of backfilling the cavities, •OH is efficiently generated. The •OH solution then flows into the secondary baffle mixing device 6 for further mixing with water, generating a total oxidant (TRO) concentration of 10~100mg / L. The remaining gas is discharged from the gas-liquid separation port 68 at the top of the pressurized mixing tank, and the residual gas is eliminated by thermal decomposition in the residual gas eliminator.

[0045] The baffled mixer design increases turbulence intensity, promotes the miscibility of oxygen-active particles with water, and increases the generation of free radicals and buffer system pressure. The mixing tank is equipped with a liquid distribution plate and miscible packing to further improve the gas-liquid miscibility and generate a high-concentration OH solution.

[0046] 4) A high-concentration •OH solution is pumped to the spatial spraying unit. A fan-shaped nozzle sprays the •OH solution, forming a fan-shaped coverage of the surface to be disinfected. A high-pressure swirling cone nozzle forms a solid cone-shaped coverage of the •OH solution through a high-speed swirling motion. At the nozzle outlet, the high-pressure jet, under aerodynamic and shear forces, initially breaks into linear, ribbon-like, or annular shapes, and then undergoes secondary aerodynamic breakage to form a large number of •OH droplets. By establishing a kinetic model of high-pressure jet breakage and diffusion to form •OH droplets, the flow rate of the •OH solution at the nozzle inlet, the inlet-outlet pressure difference, and the spray angle are controlled to determine the •OH droplet size, spray velocity, and effective spatial area, thereby regulating the •OH droplet concentration, spray density, and spray time on the disinfection surface. Adjusting the flow rate of the •OH solution pumped into the nozzle and changing the inlet-outlet pressure difference is crucial for the high-concentration •OH solution to form a high-speed liquid film, completing the conversion of kinetic and pressure energy. •The OH solution converts pressure energy into kinetic energy after passing through the nozzle. Adjusting the high-speed liquid film flow state and nozzle diameter alters the exit momentum and jet kinetic energy, increasing the jet velocity and changing the spray angle. After forming a high-speed liquid film, the high-concentration OH solution breaks down into irregular linear, ribbon-like, or ring-like shapes under aerodynamic and shear forces, further fragmenting into numerous OH droplets. The specific process is as follows: The booster pump 142 is activated to deliver the •OH solution to the spraying device. The second flow meter 115 and the fourth pressure sensor 124 monitor the flow rate and pressure in the pipeline in real time. The nozzle diameter is 0.5~1.2mm, and module A2 automatically controls the flow rate of the •OH solution pumped into the nozzle. Q = 200~720mL / min, change the inlet and outlet pressure difference =0.1~0.35MPa, and adjust the spray angle to 60°~74°, establish a •OH droplet size of 100~300μm, spray speed of 4~18m / s, and control the •OH droplet concentration on the disinfection surface. CSpraying density S i Spraying time t .

[0047] 5) The shear force and shock wave effect caused by the contact and collision of OH droplets, combined with the wetting and surface tension effects of the droplets, disinfect respiratory viruses and other pathogenic microorganisms at the moment of droplet collision, breakup, and spreading. The biological process and mechanism of action of OH droplet spray in killing respiratory viruses and pathogenic microorganisms: ① OH cuts off the receptor-binding protein on the surface of the virus, rendering it non-infectious; ② OH enters the virus and directly attacks the genetic material, causing RNA chain breaks and preventing gene transcription and protein synthesis; ③ OH destroys the lipid envelope and membrane protein structure, causing viral damage and fragmentation.

[0048] ①• OH droplets are ejected and impact the virus, destroying key amino acids of the viral surface protein within milliseconds, cleaving the surface receptor-binding protein, weakening the virus's ability to recognize and bind to host cell receptors, thus rendering it non-infectious: •OH reacts with the benzene or indole rings of aromatic amino acids such as tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine in receptor-binding proteins, initiating ring-opening or hydroxylation of the aromatic ring through electrophilic addition, thus disrupting its structure: R-C6H5+ •OH → R-C6H4(OH) or ring-opening product • OH groups destroy the "-SH" groups of thiol amino acids such as cysteine, thus disrupting the active site of proteins. R-SH + •OH → RS• → RSSR or R-SO3H • OH disrupts the peptide chain structure of receptor-binding proteins, causing key proteins that recognize the host to detach from the viral surface: R-CH(NH2)-CO-R′+ •OH→R-CO• +H2N-CH(R′)• ②•OH penetrates the envelope and enters the virus, directly attacking the genomic base components, causing RNA oxidative damage, taking hydrogen atoms from ribose molecules to form dehydrogenase free radicals, breaking phosphodiester bonds, causing RNA backbone breakage, and blocking gene transcription and protein synthesis.

[0049] •OH attacks the purine and pyrimidine bases that make up RNA. •OH gradually adds to the heterocyclic bases, disrupting the conjugated structure of the heterocyclic bases and forming free radical products linked to purines or cytosine. Against viral RNA, •OH destroys the uracil molecule structure through a hydrogen extraction reaction, removing hydrogen atoms from the carbon or nitrogen atoms of the base molecule and eliminating water molecules (H₂O), thus causing the RNA genetic information to be lost and blocking viral genome transcription and replication.

[0050] • OH undergoes a dehydrogenation reaction with uracil in RNA, destroying genetic information:

[0051] •OH undergoes addition reactions with adenine, guanine, and cytosine in RNA, disrupting genetic information:

[0052]

[0053] •OH gradually combines with the carbon atoms on the guanine ring during the reaction, breaking the C=C bond and thus the purine ring. Electrons related to the C=C bond and •OH are transferred and dispersed into the reaction products, making the structure more stable and less prone to repair. In adenine, the carbon atoms bonded to the two nitrogen atoms have lower energy; •OH adds to the carbon atom, breaking the base molecule. •OH combines with the carbon atoms on the cytosine ring, gradually breaking the base by disrupting the conjugated structure of the cytosine molecule.

[0054] •OH forms a dehydrogenase free radical intermediate by taking hydrogen from the ribose in RNA, which triggers a series of reactions that break the phosphodiester bond, leading to the breakage of the RNA backbone and hindering life activities such as gene transcription and protein synthesis.

[0055] •OH is a green, strong oxidant with millisecond-level biochemical reaction times. It directly targets key sites in viral infection, replication, assembly, and release, effectively killing viruses through multi-target attack. It possesses broad-spectrum properties for killing various types of respiratory viruses and other pathogenic microorganisms. Molecular probes were used to capture the damage sites and reaction products of nucleic acid DNA / RNA chains, demonstrating the direct effect of •OH on viruses and indicator organism nucleic acids.

[0056] 6) •OH droplet concentration is 0.5~2mg / L, disinfection time is 2~20s, respiratory virus disinfection rate is ~100%, disinfection effect meets the standard "Evaluation Method for Spray Disinfection Effect" (GB / T 38499-2020), the remaining •OH decomposes into O2 and H2O, will not cause persistent pollution to the atmosphere and soil, and is harmless to human health.

[0057] 7) The intelligent control system comprises four modules: oxygen plasma generation module A1, high-concentration •OH solution preparation intelligent module A2, space spraying intelligent control module A3, and disinfection equipment action control module A4, corresponding to the four units controlling the disinfection equipment. Each module inputs and outputs to the intelligent center A, which comprehensively utilizes neural networks, fuzzy inference, and other algorithms to adaptively control the mechanical actions of •OH solution preparation modules A1 and A2, space spraying module A3, and the equipment, rapidly disinfecting respiratory viruses and other pathogenic microorganisms in the space and on object surfaces. Based on the on-site virus and natural bacteria content, the concentration of •OH droplets, spray density, and spraying time for disinfection are determined. A3 incorporates a dynamic model of high-pressure jet rupture and diffusion to form •OH droplets, controlling the •OH solution flow rate, nozzle inlet / outlet pressure difference, and spray angle. A2 incorporates a numerical model of water jet cavitation to generate •OH solution, controlling the gas-liquid ratio and jet pressure difference based on the required •OH solution concentration and output, determining the required concentration and output of oxygen reactive particles. Using a closed-loop feedback algorithm, A1 automatically controls the excitation power applied to the plasma integrated source. Through laser detection, image processing, and machine vision automatic recognition and calculation technologies, the system monitors the spatial area and spraying effect in real time; a cloud service platform and 4G / 5G wireless communication enable remote monitoring of the disinfection equipment, and data-driven equipment health management. The control process is as follows: ① Based on the on-site virus and natural bacteria content, determine the concentration of •OH droplets, spray density, and spraying time for disinfection. Detect the on-site virus and natural bacteria content, and use built-in "dose-effect" and "time-effect" models to solve the Chick-Watson model in a cascaded manner with a target of ~100% disinfection. and spraying dosage Determine the disinfection dosage at each point. and spraying time t To ensure ~100% disinfection of respiratory viruses and pathogenic microorganisms; and at the same time according to D i = C×S i The system automatically assesses the effectiveness of disinfection and provides feedback to control the disinfection process, determining the required concentration of •OH droplets at the disinfection points. C (Unit: mg / L) and spraying density S i (Unit: ml / m) 2 ) .

[0058] ②A3 incorporates a kinetic model for the formation of •OH droplets through high-pressure jet rupture and diffusion, controlling the •OH solution flow rate, nozzle inlet / outlet pressure difference, and spray angle. The relationship between •OH solution flow rate and nozzle inlet / outlet pressure difference is as follows: , ( A n The effective cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle. Q The flow rate of the •OH solution; (Difference between injection pressure and ambient back pressure).

[0059] according to The desired concentration of the •OH solution is obtained by solving for the concentration of the •OH droplets, where The concentration attenuation coefficient of •OH droplets sprayed to the disinfection site was determined through spraying experiments. The time it takes for the •OH droplets to travel to the disinfection site. (in h (For spraying distance). Adjust the distance between the nozzle and the area to be disinfected. h =10~30cm, spray density was obtained by laser dynamic particle analyzer under spraying conditions with different inlet and outlet pressure differences. S i ,Sure S i With traffic Q and nozzle inlet and outlet pressure difference Fitting dynamic equations .

[0060] Cascade Solution C , S i and Determine the required concentration of •OH solution for space spraying C 0 Automatically control the inlet flow rate of the nozzle. Q Inlet and outlet pressure difference And the spraying angle.

[0061] ③ A2 incorporates a numerical model for generating •OH solution through water jet cavitation. Based on the required •OH solution concentration and yield for spraying and disinfection, the gas-liquid ratio, jet pressure difference, and injected oxygen reactive particle gas flow rate are controlled. Using the •OH solution concentration and flow rate obtained from model A3, a jet mixer is selected, and the optimal gas-liquid ratio under jet cavitation conditions is determined. Q g / Q， The flow rate of oxygen-active particles injected into the jet mixer is automatically controlled based on a calculation model of jet pressure difference. Given the jet pressure difference, the known back pressure at the jet mixer outlet, and the automatically controlled feedwater pump output to the jet mixer's jet inlet pressure and flow rate, as well as the jet coefficient, determine the jet pressure difference. Experiments have determined that, This represents the cross-sectional area at the throat of the jet mixer.

[0062] ④ A closed-loop feedback algorithm is used to determine the required concentration and yield of oxygen reactive particles, and A1 automatically controls the excitation power applied to the plasma integrated source. The required oxygen reactive particle gas flow rate is then determined based on the desired injection flow rate into the jet mixer. Q gThe oxygen mass flow rate input to the plasma source was automatically controlled, and a fitting equation for the concentration of oxygen reactive particles and the concentration of •OH solution was obtained through experiments controlling a single variable. C OAS =f ( C 0 Based on the required •OH solution concentration C 0 The concentration of oxygen-active particles was obtained by solving the equation. This was achieved through the established numerical model of "discharge power - oxygen flow rate - oxygen-active particle concentration". C OAS = f A1 ( P F ，Q g Solve for the inverse function. Obtain the applied excitation power P F It ranges from 100 to 400W.

[0063] Combining local electric field, discharge channel electron density and ionization duty cycle, and average electron energy to characterize the atmospheric pressure ionization discharge induced by alternating microjets and microglow under high-frequency high-voltage excitation, oxygen is ionized and dissociated into oxygen-active particle gas; the photoionization equation is then applied. A plasma fluid model is introduced, and the local electric field at the microjets head is obtained by solving the finite element method; the current conservation equation is then applied. Combined with the charge conservation equation The electron density and ionization duty cycle of the discharge channel were calculated using the finite element method; the average electron energy was calculated by substituting Stark broadening into the Doppler formula.

[0064] The automatic operation process of the disinfection equipment is as follows: ① Intelligent center A receives sensor data, video images, and disinfection instructions from users in real time, and displays the sensor signals and video images centrally; ② Based on real-time detection and instruction information, intelligent center A comprehensively utilizes neural networks and fuzzy inference algorithms to adaptively control the generation of oxygen active particles (A1), the production of •OH (A2), and spatial spraying (A3); ③ Instantly identifies and calculates the spraying distance, coverage area, and spraying time, and determines whether 100% of respiratory viruses have been eliminated based on the relationship between "spraying dosage and disinfection effect"; ④ Constructs a big data closed loop, real-time monitoring, disinfection effect identification, and feedback control, until the target of ~100% elimination of respiratory viruses is achieved, and module A4 controls the disinfection equipment to execute the next disinfection task.

[0065] Through image processing and machine vision automatic recognition and calculation technology, the spatial area and spraying effect are detected in real time; the control end is remotely interconnected with the •OH droplet disinfection equipment through cloud service platform and 4G / 5G wireless communication to realize remote centralized control, data statistical analysis and fault early warning functions, and data-driven equipment health management.

[0066] Specific Implementation: Based on the method and equipment for disinfecting pathogenic microorganisms according to the present invention, a new technology and equipment for rapid disinfection of pathogenic microorganisms by •OH droplet spatial spraying were developed. In accordance with the "Evaluation Methods and Standards for Disinfection and Sterilization Effects" (GB 15981-1995), *Escherichia coli* and *Staphylococcus albus* were used as indicator organisms for respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus to verify the action process and disinfection mechanism of •OH disinfection. Simultaneously, disinfection experiments were conducted in a biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) laboratory using the standard SARS-CoV-2 Delta strain.

[0067] For the elimination of indicator organisms of respiratory viruses, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus albus: the pre-elimination Escherichia coli count was determined to be 3.46 × 10⁻⁶ using culture counting and PCR polymerase chain reaction methods. 5 2.23×10 5 3.38×10 5 CFU / cm 2 The amount of Staphylococcus aureus was 2.01 × 10⁻⁶. 6 1.78×10 6 1.07×10 6 CFU / cm 2 Oxygen flow rate was controlled at 2 L / min, excitation power was applied at 235 W, oxygen reactive particle concentration was generated at 273 mg / L, gas-liquid ratio was 2 / 3, and TRO concentration of high-concentration •OH solution was generated at 83 mg / L, of which •OH concentration was 708 μmol / L. For example... Figure 4 and Figure 5 A booster pump pressurizes the •OH solution and introduces it into the swirling cone nozzle. The flow rate of the •OH solution entering the nozzle is 310 ml / min, and the pressure difference between the nozzle inlet and outlet is 0.21 MPa. The TRO concentration of the •OH solution at the nozzle outlet is adjusted to 29.52, 31.43, and 35.11 mg / L, with a spraying distance of 16 cm and a spray diffusion cone angle of 67°. At 16 cm, the •OH droplet velocity is 3.2–4.4 m / s, and the droplet size is mainly 270–310 μm, uniformly covering the surface to be disinfected. The surface •OH droplet spray density is 172, 180, and 240 μL / cm, respectively. 2 Samples were taken 3 seconds after spraying disinfectant.

[0068] The disinfected samples were incubated at 36±1℃ for 48 hours to observe the final results. The concentration of viable bacteria in each group was calculated. Electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology of *Escherichia coli* and *Staphylococcus albus*, revealing that the cell bodies of the lethal bacteria were deformed and ruptured, with large areas of the cell membrane shrinking into spherical shapes. Ion current microseismic analysis of cell membrane permeability showed that •OH had altered or damaged the membrane structure. Molecular probes were used to capture the sites of DNA strand damage and base reaction products, demonstrating that •OH directly acts on nucleic acids. The •OH droplet spatial spraying technology was used to kill indicator microorganisms: after 4 seconds of spraying, the surface •OH droplet density was 240 μL / cm³. 2 The kill rate of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was 99.99%, meeting the standard "Evaluation Method for Spray Disinfection Effect" (GB / T 38499-2020).

[0069] Disinfection against the typical standard SARS-CoV-2 Delta strain, a respiratory virus: In a BSL-3 laboratory, a high-titer suspension of Delta SARS-CoV-2 was released into a 1m³ atmosphere using an aerosol generator. 3 Inside the sealed chamber, aerosols with particle diameters of 1–10 μm were formed, and the virus concentration in the air inside the chamber reached 5.4 × 10⁻⁶. 5 PFU / m 3 At the same time, place a 1cm scale representing the surface inside the cabin. 2 Glass slide, virus smear concentration 2.6 × 10⁻⁶ 5 PFU / cm 2 Activate the hydroxyl radical elimination equipment, control the oxygen flow rate at 2L / min, apply an excitation power of 240W, generate an oxygen reactive particle concentration of 280mg / L, maintain a gas-liquid ratio of 2 / 3, and generate a high-concentration •OH solution with a TRO concentration of 85mg / L, of which the •OH concentration is 714μmol / L. Spray •OH droplets from nozzles inside the chamber, controlling the spray density in the air to approximately 10ml / m³. 3 Surface spraying density is approximately 240 μL / cm² 2 After disinfection, residual virus samples from the cabin air and object surfaces were collected using a six-level sieve air impactor and surface rinsing method. The samples were immediately serially diluted and inoculated into Vero E6 cell culture plates and incubated for 56 hours. At the same time, compared with the untreated control group, no cytopathic effect (CPE) was observed in the disinfection group, and the killing rate of the Delta strain of SARS-CoV-2 was ~100%.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly eliminating respiratory viruses through spatial spraying of hydroxyl radical droplets, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: Oxygen (O2) is introduced into an oxygen plasma generator, which is then subjected to high-frequency, high-voltage excitation. This creates an atmospheric pressure ionization discharge within a 0.05-0.2 mm discharge gap, characterized by alternating microjets and microglow waves. O2 is ionized and dissociated to generate high-concentration oxygen-active particles. These oxygen-active particles are then injected into a jet mixer, where the water jet cavitation effect generates numerous ultrafine bubbles. These microbubbles explode instantaneously, and under the influence of high temperature, high pressure, and the pressure shock wave from filling the voids, they efficiently generate •OH. This •OH then flows into a secondary baffle mixing device to generate high-concentration •O. H solution; •OH solution is sheared by high-pressure jet from the nozzle to form •OH droplets. The droplets contact, collide, break, and spread, instantly disinfecting pathogenic microorganisms, including respiratory viruses. The intelligent control system provides real-time status perception and intelligent control, fault diagnosis and prediction and early warning, cloud services and remote monitoring, and automatically controls the •OH solution preparation and spatial spraying parameters to meet the dosage and time requirements for 100% disinfection of hospital environments, logistics and storage links, as well as enclosed spaces and object surfaces of respiratory viruses. The disinfection process does not cause lasting pollution to the atmosphere and soil and is harmless to human health.

2. The method for rapid disinfection of respiratory viruses by spatial spraying of hydroxyl radical droplets according to claim 1, characterized in that: Oxygen (O2) is introduced into an oxygen plasma generator. A submicron (0.1–0.3 µm) α-Al2O3 thin dielectric layer and asymmetric electrodes are used. A high-frequency excitation of ≥8 kHz and a high-voltage excitation of ≥5 kV are applied to a discharge gap of 0.05–0.2 mm. Methods and numerical models are established to characterize and diagnose key physical parameters such as the localized strong electric field, average electron energy, discharge channel electron density, and ionization duty cycle. This is used to control and obtain a sustained atmospheric pressure micro-glow discharge, which then forms an atmospheric pressure strong ionization discharge. O2 is ionized and dissociated to generate high-energy 12.5 eV O2. + The main oxygen-active particles were at a concentration of 180~600 mg / L. The O2 flow rate was optimized to 0.5~15 L / min and the applied discharge power was 100~400 W by using a numerical model of "discharge power-oxygen flow rate-oxygen-active particle concentration".

3. The method for rapid disinfection of respiratory viruses by spatial spraying of hydroxyl radical droplets according to claim 1, characterized in that: High-concentration oxygen-active particle gas is injected into a jet mixer. Through the establishment of a numerical model for the generation of •OH solution by water jet cavitation, the gas-liquid ratio is optimized to be 1 / 10~2 / 3, and the inlet and outlet pressure difference is 0.1~0.4MPa. The water jet cavitation effect generates ultrafine bubbles containing a large number of oxygen-active particles. Under the action of the instantaneous high temperature and high pressure of the explosion of the numerous microbubbles and the pressure shock wave of backfilling the cavities, •OH is efficiently generated. In water, a series of free radical chain reactions are induced to instantly generate H2O2 and HO2•, •H, HO3• free radicals. The jet mixer includes a contraction section, a throat section, a diffusion section and an intake port.

4. The method for rapid disinfection of respiratory viruses by spatial spraying of hydroxyl radical droplets according to claim 1, characterized in that: •OH solution flows back into the secondary baffle mixing device for further mixing with water. Unreacted oxygen reactive particles are thermally decomposed and eliminated by the residual gas eliminator. The secondary baffle mixing device includes a baffle mixer and a mixing tank. The baffle mixer is designed with a baffle structure to increase turbulence intensity, promote the miscibility of oxygen reactive particles with water, increase the amount of free radicals generated, and buffer the system pressure. The mixing tank is equipped with a liquid distribution plate and miscible packing to further improve the gas-liquid miscibility and generate a high concentration of •OH solution. The total oxidant (TRO) concentration generated is 10~100 mg / L.

5. The method for rapid disinfection of respiratory viruses by spatial spraying of hydroxyl radical droplets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A high-concentration •OH solution is delivered to the spraying device via a booster pump. At the nozzle outlet, the high-pressure jet is initially broken into linear, ribbon-like, or ring-shaped droplets by aerodynamic forces and shearing. Further aerodynamic forces then break the jet into numerous •OH droplets. A kinetic model of the high-pressure jet's breakup and diffusion to form •OH droplets is established to control the •OH solution flow rate at the nozzle inlet, the inlet-outlet pressure difference, and the spray angle. This model determines the •OH droplet size, spray velocity, and effective spatial area, and regulates the •OH droplet concentration, spray density, and spray time on the disinfection surface. The •OH droplet size is 100–300 μm, the jet collision velocity is 4–18 m / s, and the •OH spatial spray angle is 60°–74°. The inlet-outlet pressure difference is 0.1–0.35 MPa, and the nozzle diameter is 0.5–1.2 mm.

6. The method for rapidly eliminating respiratory viruses by spatial spraying of hydroxyl radical droplets according to claim 1, characterized in that: • The shear force and shock wave effect caused by the collision of OH droplets, combined with the wetting and surface tension effects of the droplets, act on respiratory viruses. •OH rapidly acts on key sites of viral infection, replication, assembly and release, and effectively kills different respiratory viruses and pathogenic microorganisms through multi-target attack. By establishing the "dose-effect" and "time-effect" models of •OH virus elimination, the spraying of •OH droplets can be controlled to achieve rapid elimination. •OH droplet concentration is 0.5~2mg / L, elimination time is 2~20s, and the elimination rate of respiratory viruses and pathogenic microorganisms is 100%.

7. The method for rapid disinfection of respiratory viruses by spatial spraying of hydroxyl radical droplets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control system comprises an intelligent center A, an oxygen plasma generation module A1, a high-concentration •OH solution preparation intelligent module A2, a spatial spraying intelligent control module A3, and a disinfection equipment action control module A4. Multiple inputs and outputs are fed to the intelligent center A, comprehensively utilizing neural networks and fuzzy inference to adaptively control •OH solution preparation, spraying, and mechanical actions for rapid disinfection of respiratory viruses. Based on the on-site virus and natural bacteria content, the system determines the •OH droplet concentration, spraying density, and spraying time. A3 incorporates a dynamic model of high-pressure jet rupture and diffusion to form •OH droplets, controlling the •OH solution flow rate, nozzle inlet / outlet pressure difference, and spraying angle. A2 incorporates a numerical model of water jet cavitation generating •OH solution, controlling the gas-liquid ratio and jet pressure difference based on the required •OH solution concentration and output to determine the required oxygen reactive particle concentration and output. A closed-loop feedback algorithm is used, with A1 automatically controlling the excitation power applied to the plasma integrated source. Real-time detection of the spatial area and spraying effect is achieved through laser detection, image processing, and machine vision automatic recognition and calculation technologies. A cloud service platform and wireless communication enable remote monitoring of the disinfection equipment, driving data-driven equipment health management.

8. A device for rapid disinfection of respiratory viruses by spatial spraying of hydroxyl radical droplets, comprising an oxygen plasma generating unit, a high-concentration •OH solution generating unit, a spatial spraying unit, and an intelligent control system. The oxygen plasma generating unit is connected to an oxygen (O2) pipeline, and the generated oxygen reactive particles are injected into the jet mixer of the high-concentration •OH solution generating unit. Water jet cavitation efficiently generates •OH. The •OH solution is transported to the spatial spraying unit by a booster pump through pipeline, and the •OH droplets are sprayed to disinfect respiratory viruses. The intelligent control system has a built-in disinfection control algorithm, which acquires the operating status in real time through sensing and control elements and intelligent boards, and controls the •OH droplet spraying equipment to rapidly disinfect respiratory viruses and pathogenic microorganisms. The oxygen plasma generating unit includes a high-frequency high-voltage excitation power supply (1) and an oxygen plasma generating source (2). The oxygen plasma generating source (2) is connected to an oxygen pipeline at its inlet. The oxygen pipeline is equipped with a first solenoid valve (101) and an oxygen mass flow controller (111) to control the oxygen flow rate. It is also equipped with a first pressure sensor (121) to detect the pressure. The high-frequency high-voltage excitation power supply (1) applies excitation power to the oxygen plasma generating source (2) and ionizes and dissociates oxygen O2 to generate oxygen active particle gas within a discharge gap of 0.05~0.2mm. The plasma diagnostic instrument (131) is connected to the oxygen plasma generating source (2) to monitor the discharge parameters in real time. The oxygen plasma generating source (2) is equipped with a second solenoid valve (102) and a gas mass flow controller (112) at its outlet to control the mass flow rate of the oxygen active particle gas injected into the jet mixer (5). It is also equipped with an online detector (132) to detect the concentration of oxygen active particles in the pipeline. The high-concentration •OH solution generation unit includes a jet mixer (5), a water storage tank (3), a water supply pump (141), a secondary baffle mixing device (6), an online residual chlorine detector, and a flow meter. Oxygen-active particle gas and water are mixed in the jet mixer (5) to prepare •OH solution through the water jet cavitation effect, and then flow into the secondary baffle mixing device (6) to generate •OH solution. The internal structure of the jet mixer (5) includes a contraction section, a throat section, a diffusion section, and an air injection port. Oxygen-active particle gas is injected into the jet mixer (5) through the air injection port of the throat section. The first end of the contraction section is connected to the main water supply pipeline, and the end of the diffusion section is connected to the •OH solution. Piping; The main water supply pipeline is equipped with a water storage tank (3), a fourth solenoid valve (104), a water pump (141), a filter (4), a first flow meter (113), and a second pressure sensor (122); The OH solution pipeline is equipped with a third pressure sensor (123) and a first residual chlorine detector (134) to deliver the OH solution to the secondary baffle mixing device (6); The main water supply pipeline is equipped with a bypass after the outlet of the first flow meter (113), which is called the mixing branch. The mixing branch is equipped with a fifth solenoid valve (105) and a fluid flow controller (114) and is connected to the secondary baffle mixing device (6); The space spraying unit includes a •OH solution delivery pipeline, a •OH droplet nozzle (8), a laser dynamic particle analyzer with a laser emitter (91) and a laser receiver (92), and a visual camera, infrared sensor, and online ambient air quality detector for synchronous information acquisition. The high-concentration •OH solution is delivered to the space spraying device by a booster pump (142). The •OH solution is sheared by the high-pressure jet of the high-pressure nozzle (8) to form •OH droplets, which are sprayed onto the space area and object surfaces to disinfect respiratory viruses. The high-concentration •OH solution delivery pipeline is equipped with a second residual chlorine detector (135). The system includes a second flow meter (115), a booster pump (142), and a fourth pressure sensor (124). The second residual chlorine detector (135) is located at the outlet of the secondary baffle mixing device (6), and the end of the delivery pipeline is connected to the nozzle (8). The nozzle (8) and the infrared sensor are mounted on an automatic pan-tilt unit, which rotates with the nozzle and the infrared sensor. A laser dynamic particle analyzer and a vision camera monitor the spraying effect of •OH droplets in real time, identify the action space area, and provide feedback control for the •OH droplet spatial spraying to kill respiratory viruses. The high-pressure nozzle is either a cone nozzle or a jet fan nozzle. The intelligent control system includes an intelligent center A and connected sensing and control elements, an oxygen plasma generation module A1, a high-concentration •OH solution preparation intelligent module A2, a spatial spraying intelligent control module A3, and a disinfection equipment action control module A4. It comprehensively utilizes neural networks and fuzzy reasoning to adaptively control the •OH solution preparation, spraying, and mechanical actions. It identifies and calculates the spraying distance, coverage area, and spraying time in real time, and judges the disinfection effect based on the relationship between "spraying dosage and disinfection effect" until the target of ~100% disinfection of respiratory viruses is achieved. The disinfection equipment action control module A4 controls the disinfection equipment to execute the next disinfection task.

9. The device for rapid disinfection of respiratory viruses by spatial spraying of hydroxyl radical droplets according to claim 8, characterized in that, The secondary baffle mixing device (6) includes a baffle mixer and a mixing tank; the bottom of the baffle mixer is provided with a drain port (61) and an inlet for •OH solution, and four to eight layers of baffle plates (62) are provided inside, and a fifth pressure sensor (63) and an exhaust port (64) are provided at the top; the outlet at the top of the baffle mixer is connected to the inlet at the bottom of the mixing tank; a distribution plate (66) is provided inside the mixing tank, and a mixing filler (67) is laid on the distribution plate (66), and a fifth pressure sensor (63) and a safety valve (69) are installed at the top; the mixing tank is provided with a high-concentration •OH solution outlet.

10. The device for rapid disinfection of respiratory viruses by spraying hydroxyl radical droplets in space according to claim 8, characterized in that... Use any of the following methods to disinfect hospital environments, logistics and storage processes, and enclosed spaces or object surfaces to kill respiratory viruses: (1) The equipment is a large space disinfection assembly: the oxygen plasma generating unit and the high concentration •OH solution generating unit are combined to form a •OH generating device, as well as a space spraying unit and an intelligent control system, which are mounted on a vehicle carrier. The •OH droplet spraying covers a large space with a range of 30 meters and a height of 8 meters to disinfect external roads, logistics vehicles or containers. (2) The equipment is a robot disinfection assembly: it adopts a frame structure to integrate four major modules, namely oxygen plasma generation unit, high concentration •OH solution generation unit, space spraying unit and intelligent control system, on an automatic cruise chassis. The robot collects real-time information on the disinfection effect and autonomously plans its path to carry out fixed-point positioning or cruise spraying disinfection in hospitals or closed spaces. (3) The equipment is a tunnel-type transport •OH droplet disinfection assembly: the oxygen plasma generating unit, the high-concentration •OH solution generating unit, and the intelligent control system are assembled to form a •OH generating device, and the space spraying unit and the conveying mechanism are integrated to form a tunnel-type transport structure, and the goods are sprayed and disinfected during the transport process; The three types of assembly adopt the method of disinfecting respiratory viruses according to claims 1 to 7. Based on the "dose-effect" and "time-effect" models of disinfection, the intelligent center A automatically controls the •OH solution preparation and spatial spraying parameters to meet the dose and time requirements of the corresponding disinfection scenarios.

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