Preparation method of high-strength glass insulator

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-strength glass insulator, and belongs to the technical field of electrical equipment materials, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a glass matrix material: mixing 65-75% by weight of SiO2, 10-25% by weight of Al2O3, 5-8% by weight of B2O3, 3-5% by weight of CaO, 1-3% by weight of Na2O and 1-2% by weight of MgO, and melting to form molten glass; and S2, gradient heat treatment: injecting the molten glass into a mold for molding, and sequentially carrying out treatment in three stages of annealing at the high temperature of 650-700 DEG C, slow cooling at the medium temperature of 400-450 DEG C and stabilizing at the low temperature of 200-250 DEG C. The compressive strength is greater than or equal to 500 MPa, and the insulation resistance is greater than or equal to 1000 G omega.cm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment materials technology, and in particular to a method for preparing a high-strength glass insulator. Background Technology

[0002] Glass insulators are widely used due to their excellent weather resistance, mechanical strength, and insulation properties. Traditional glass insulators mostly use soda-lime-silica glass systems, but these have the following problems: Insufficient mechanical strength (compressive strength is usually below 400 MPa), making it difficult to meet the requirements of ultra-high voltage; The surface is susceptible to acid rain corrosion, which leads to a decrease in insulation performance; The production process is energy-intensive, and the annealing process is time-consuming and prone to generating internal stress.

[0003] Therefore, this invention proposes a method for preparing high-strength glass insulators. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a method for preparing high-strength glass insulators.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for preparing a high-strength glass insulator includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of glass matrix material: by weight percentage, SiO2 65-75%, Al2O3 10-25%, B2O3 5-8%, CaO 3-5%, Na2O 1-3%, MgO 1-2%, mixed and melted to form glass liquid; S2: Gradient heat treatment: After the molten glass is injected into the mold and formed, it is subjected to three stages of treatment in sequence: high temperature annealing at 650-700℃, medium temperature slow cooling at 400-450℃, and low temperature stabilization at 200-250℃. S3: Surface modification treatment: A nano-alumina layer is deposited on the surface of the insulator using plasma sputtering; S4: Chemical strengthening: Immerse the insulator in a potassium nitrate molten salt bath at a temperature of 380-420℃ for ion exchange treatment for 2-4 hours; S5: Testing and Packaging: Packaging after passing the compressive strength test and insulation performance test.

[0006] Preferably, 0.5-1.5% rare earth oxides are added to the glass matrix material to improve the refractive index and anti-crystallization ability of the glass, wherein the rare earth oxides are Y2O3 or La2O3.

[0007] Preferably, in the gradient heat treatment, the high-temperature annealing stage cools down at a rate of 10-15℃ / min, the medium-temperature slow cooling stage cools down at a rate of 5-8℃ / min, and the low-temperature stabilization stage cools down at a rate of 2-3℃ / min.

[0008] Preferably, the process parameters of the plasma sputtering method are: power density 2-4 W / cm³. 2 Sputtering time 20-40 minutes, argon flow rate 50-80 sccm.

[0009] Preferably, in the chemical strengthening step, 1-3% of nano-silica particles are added to the potassium nitrate molten salt bath to enhance ion exchange efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, before surface modification, the insulator is pretreated by pickling, with the pickling solution being a mixed solution of 10-15% hydrofluoric acid and 5-8% sulfuric acid, and the treatment time being 10-20 minutes.

[0011] Preferably, the melting temperature of the molten glass is 1550-1650℃, the melting time is 2-3 hours, and electromagnetic stirring is used to eliminate air bubbles.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the mold is coated with a boron nitride coating to reduce interfacial stress during glass melt forming.

[0013] Preferably, after chemical strengthening, an environmentally friendly silane coupling agent is sprayed onto the surface of the insulator to form a hydrophobic protective layer.

[0014] Preferably, the compressive strength test employs the three-point bending method, with a test load ≥ 500 MPa and an insulation resistance ≥ 1000 GΩ·cm.

[0015] The present invention has the following technical effects: 1. Compressive strength ≥ 500 MPa, insulation resistance ≥ 1000 GΩ·cm; 2. Improves acid rain corrosion resistance and service life by more than 50%; 3. Overall production costs reduced by 20%. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0017] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a high-strength glass insulator, comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation of glass matrix material: by weight percentage, SiO2 65-75%, Al2O3 10-25%, B2O3 5-8%, CaO 3-5%, Na2O 1-3%, MgO 1-2%, mixed and melted to form glass liquid; S2: Gradient heat treatment: After the molten glass is injected into the mold and formed, it is subjected to three stages of treatment in sequence: high temperature annealing at 650-700℃, medium temperature slow cooling at 400-450℃, and low temperature stabilization at 200-250℃. S3: Surface modification treatment: A nano-alumina layer is deposited on the surface of the insulator using plasma sputtering; S4: Chemical strengthening: Immerse the insulator in a potassium nitrate molten salt bath at a temperature of 380-420℃ for ion exchange treatment for 2-4 hours; S5: Testing and Packaging: Packaging after passing the compressive strength test and insulation performance test.

[0018] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, 0.5-1.5% rare earth oxides are added to the glass matrix material to improve the refractive index and anti-crystallization ability of the glass. The rare earth oxides are Y2O3 or La2O3.

[0019] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the gradient heat treatment, the high-temperature annealing stage cools down at a rate of 10-15℃ / min, the medium-temperature slow cooling stage cools down at a rate of 5-8℃ / min, and the low-temperature stabilization stage cools down at a rate of 2-3℃ / min.

[0020] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the process parameters of the plasma sputtering method are: power density 2-4 W / cm². 2 Sputtering time 20-40 minutes, argon flow rate 50-80 sccm.

[0021] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the chemical strengthening step, 1-3% of nano-silica particles are added to the potassium nitrate molten salt bath to enhance ion exchange efficiency.

[0022] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, before surface modification treatment, the insulator is subjected to acid pickling pretreatment. The acid pickling solution is a mixed solution of 10-15% hydrofluoric acid and 5-8% sulfuric acid, and the treatment time is 10-20 minutes.

[0023] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the melting temperature of the molten glass is 1550-1650°C, the melting time is 2-3 hours, and electromagnetic stirring is used to eliminate air bubbles.

[0024] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the mold is coated with a boron nitride coating to reduce the interfacial stress during the glass melt forming process.

[0025] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, after chemical strengthening, an environmentally friendly silane coupling agent is sprayed onto the surface of the insulator to form a hydrophobic protective layer.

[0026] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the compressive strength test adopts the three-point bending method, the test load is ≥500MPa, and the insulation resistance is ≥1000 GΩ·cm.

[0027] Example 1: A method for preparing a high-strength glass insulator, comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation of glass matrix material: by weight percentage, SiO2 65%, Al2O3 23%, B2O3 35%, CaO 3%, Na2O 1%, MgO 1%, nano-silica particles 2%, mixed and melted to form glass liquid; S2: Gradient heat treatment: After the molten glass is injected into the mold and formed, it is subjected to three stages of treatment in sequence: high temperature annealing at 650℃, medium temperature slow cooling at 400℃, and low temperature stabilization at 200℃. S3: Surface modification treatment: A nano-alumina layer is deposited on the surface of the insulator using plasma sputtering; S4: Chemical strengthening: Immerse the insulator in a potassium nitrate molten salt bath at 380℃ for ion exchange treatment for 2 hours; S5: Testing and Packaging: Packaging after passing the compressive strength test and insulation performance test.

[0028] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, 0.5% rare earth oxide is added to the glass matrix material to improve the refractive index and anti-crystallization ability of the glass, wherein the rare earth oxide is Y2O3.

[0029] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the gradient heat treatment, the high-temperature annealing stage cools down at a rate of 10°C / min, the medium-temperature slow cooling stage cools down at a rate of 5°C / min, and the low-temperature stabilization stage cools down at a rate of 2°C / min.

[0030] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the process parameters of the plasma sputtering method are: power density 2 W / cm². 2 The sputtering time was 20 minutes and the argon flow rate was 50 sccm.

[0031] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, before surface modification treatment, the insulator is subjected to acid pickling pretreatment. The acid pickling solution is a mixed solution of 10% hydrofluoric acid and 5% sulfuric acid, and the treatment time is 10 minutes.

[0032] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the melting temperature of the glass melt is 1550°C, the melting time is 2 hours, and electromagnetic stirring is used to eliminate air bubbles.

[0033] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the mold is coated with a boron nitride coating to reduce the interfacial stress during the glass melt forming process.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, after chemical strengthening, an environmentally friendly silane coupling agent is sprayed onto the surface of the insulator to form a hydrophobic protective layer.

[0035] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the compressive strength test adopts the three-point bending method, the test load is 485MPa, and the insulation resistance is 958 GΩ·cm.

[0036] Salt spray test (1000 hours): No corrosion spots on the surface.

[0037] Example 2: A method for preparing a high-strength glass insulator, comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation of glass matrix material: by weight percentage, SiO2 70%, Al2O3 15%, B2O3 6%, CaO 4.5%, Na2O 2%, MgO 1.5%, nano-silica particles 1%, mixed and melted to form glass liquid; S2: Gradient heat treatment: After the molten glass is injected into the mold and formed, it is subjected to three stages of treatment in sequence: high temperature annealing at 680℃, medium temperature slow cooling at 430℃, and low temperature stabilization at 230℃. S3: Surface modification treatment: A nano-alumina layer is deposited on the surface of the insulator using plasma sputtering; S4: Chemical strengthening: Immerse the insulator in a potassium nitrate molten salt bath at 400℃ for ion exchange treatment for 3 hours; S5: Testing and Packaging: Packaging after passing the compressive strength test and insulation performance test.

[0038] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, 1% rare earth oxide is added to the glass matrix material to improve the refractive index and anti-crystallization ability of the glass, wherein the rare earth oxide is La2O3.

[0039] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the gradient heat treatment, the high-temperature annealing stage cools down at a rate of 12°C / min, the medium-temperature slow cooling stage cools down at a rate of 7°C / min, and the low-temperature stabilization stage cools down at a rate of 2.5°C / min.

[0040] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the process parameters of the plasma sputtering method are: power density 3 W / cm². 2 The sputtering time was 30 minutes and the argon flow rate was 70 sccm.

[0041] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, before surface modification treatment, the insulator is subjected to acid pickling pretreatment. The acid pickling solution is a mixed solution of 12% hydrofluoric acid and 7% sulfuric acid, and the treatment time is 15 minutes.

[0042] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the melting temperature of the molten glass is 1600°C, the melting time is 2.5 hours, and electromagnetic stirring is used to eliminate air bubbles.

[0043] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the mold is coated with a boron nitride coating to reduce the interfacial stress during the glass melt forming process.

[0044] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, after chemical strengthening, an environmentally friendly silane coupling agent is sprayed onto the surface of the insulator to form a hydrophobic protective layer.

[0045] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the compressive strength test adopts the three-point bending method, the test load is 530MPa, and the insulation resistance is 1124 GΩ·cm.

[0046] Salt spray test (1000 hours): No corrosion spots on the surface.

[0047] Example 3: A method for preparing a high-strength glass insulator, comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation of glass matrix material: by weight percentage, SiO2 75%, Al2O3 10%, B2O3 8%, CaO 5%, Na2O 1%, MgO 1%, mixed and melted to form glass liquid; S2: Gradient heat treatment: After the molten glass is injected into the mold and formed, it is subjected to three stages of treatment in sequence: high temperature annealing at 680℃, medium temperature slow cooling at 430℃, and low temperature stabilization at 230℃. S3: Surface modification treatment: A nano-alumina layer is deposited on the surface of the insulator using plasma sputtering; S4: Chemical strengthening: Immerse the insulator in a potassium nitrate molten salt bath at 400℃ for ion exchange treatment for 3 hours; S5: Testing and Packaging: Packaging after passing the compressive strength test and insulation performance test.

[0048] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, 1% rare earth oxide is added to the glass matrix material to improve the refractive index and anti-crystallization ability of the glass, wherein the rare earth oxide is La2O3.

[0049] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the gradient heat treatment, the high-temperature annealing stage cools down at a rate of 12°C / min, the medium-temperature slow cooling stage cools down at a rate of 7°C / min, and the low-temperature stabilization stage cools down at a rate of 2.5°C / min.

[0050] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the process parameters of the plasma sputtering method are: power density 3 W / cm2, sputtering time 30 minutes, and argon flow rate 70 sccm.

[0051] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, before surface modification treatment, the insulator is subjected to acid pickling pretreatment. The acid pickling solution is a mixed solution of 12% hydrofluoric acid and 7% sulfuric acid, and the treatment time is 15 minutes.

[0052] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the melting temperature of the molten glass is 1600°C, the melting time is 2.5 hours, and electromagnetic stirring is used to eliminate air bubbles.

[0053] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the mold is coated with a boron nitride coating to reduce the interfacial stress during the glass melt forming process.

[0054] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, after chemical strengthening, an environmentally friendly silane coupling agent is sprayed onto the surface of the insulator to form a hydrophobic protective layer.

[0055] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the compressive strength test adopts the three-point bending method, the test load is 510MPa, and the insulation resistance is 1004 GΩ·cm.

[0056] Salt spray test (1000 hours): No corrosion spots on the surface.

[0057] Example 4: A method for preparing a high-strength glass insulator, comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation of glass matrix material: by weight percentage, SiO2 75%, Al2O3 10%, B2O3 8%, CaO 5%, Na2O 1%, MgO 1%, mixed and melted to form glass liquid; S2: Gradient heat treatment: After the molten glass is injected into the mold and formed, it is subjected to three stages of treatment in sequence: high temperature annealing at 680℃, medium temperature slow cooling at 430℃, and low temperature stabilization at 230℃. S3: Surface modification treatment: A nano-alumina layer is deposited on the surface of the insulator using plasma sputtering; S4: Chemical strengthening: Immerse the insulator in a potassium nitrate molten salt bath at 400℃ for ion exchange treatment for 3 hours; S5: Testing and Packaging: Packaging after passing the compressive strength test and insulation performance test.

[0058] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, 0.5-1.5% rare earth oxides are added to the glass matrix material to improve the refractive index and anti-crystallization ability of the glass, wherein the rare earth oxides are La2O3.

[0059] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the gradient heat treatment, the high-temperature annealing stage cools down at a rate of 15°C / min, the medium-temperature slow cooling stage cools down at a rate of 8°C / min, and the low-temperature stabilization stage cools down at a rate of 3°C / min.

[0060] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the process parameters of the plasma sputtering method are: power density 4 W / cm2, sputtering time 40 minutes, and argon flow rate 80 sccm.

[0061] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, before surface modification treatment, the insulator is subjected to acid pickling pretreatment. The acid pickling solution is a mixed solution of 15% hydrofluoric acid and 8% sulfuric acid, and the treatment time is 20 minutes.

[0062] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the melting temperature of the molten glass is 1650°C, the melting time is 3 hours, and electromagnetic stirring is used to eliminate air bubbles.

[0063] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the mold is coated with a boron nitride coating to reduce the interfacial stress during the glass melt forming process.

[0064] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, after chemical strengthening, an environmentally friendly silane coupling agent is sprayed onto the surface of the insulator to form a hydrophobic protective layer.

[0065] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the compressive strength test adopts the three-point bending method, the test load is 548MPa, and the insulation resistance is 1069 GΩ·cm.

[0066] Salt spray test (1000 hours): No corrosion spots on the surface.

[0067] The present invention has the following technical effects: 1. Compressive strength ≥ 500 MPa, insulation resistance ≥ 1000 GΩ·cm; 2. Improves acid rain corrosion resistance and service life by more than 50%; 3. Overall production costs reduced by 20%.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-strength glass insulator, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of glass matrix material: by weight percentage, SiO2 65-75%, Al2O3 10-25%, B2O3 5-8%, CaO 3-5%, Na2O 1-3%, MgO 1-2%, mixed and melted to form glass liquid; S2: Gradient heat treatment: After the molten glass is injected into the mold and formed, it is subjected to three stages of treatment in sequence: high temperature annealing at 650-700℃, medium temperature slow cooling at 400-450℃, and low temperature stabilization at 200-250℃. S3: Surface modification treatment: A nano-alumina layer is deposited on the surface of the insulator using plasma sputtering; S4: Chemical strengthening: Immerse the insulator in a potassium nitrate molten salt bath at a temperature of 380-420℃ for ion exchange treatment for 2-4 hours; S5: Testing and Packaging: Packaging after passing the compressive strength test and insulation performance test.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The glass matrix material also contains 0.5-1.5% rare earth oxides to improve the glass's refractive index and resistance to crystallization. The rare earth oxides used are Y2O3 or La2O3.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the gradient heat treatment, the high-temperature annealing stage cools down at a rate of 10-15℃ / min, the medium-temperature slow cooling stage cools down at a rate of 5-8℃ / min, and the low-temperature stabilization stage cools down at a rate of 2-3℃ / min.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process parameters for the plasma sputtering method are: power density 2-4 W / cm³. 2 Sputtering time 20-40 minutes, argon flow rate 50-80 sccm.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the chemical enhancement step, 1-3% of nano-silica particles are added to the potassium nitrate molten salt bath to enhance ion exchange efficiency.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before surface modification, the insulators are pretreated by acid pickling. The pickling solution is a mixture of 10-15% hydrofluoric acid and 5-8% sulfuric acid, and the treatment time is 10-20 minutes.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The melting temperature of the molten glass is 1550-1650℃, the melting time is 2-3 hours, and electromagnetic stirring is used to eliminate air bubbles.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the mold is coated with a boron nitride coating to reduce interfacial stress during glass molten metal forming.

9. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After chemical strengthening, an environmentally friendly silane coupling agent is sprayed onto the surface of the insulator to form a hydrophobic protective layer.

10. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compressive strength test adopts the three-point bending method, with a test load ≥500 MPa and insulation resistance ≥1000 GΩ·cm.