Garden green land soil conditioner and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a garden green land soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of soil conditioners. The garden green land soil conditioner provided by the invention has the advantages that the granular structure of soil is improved, the porosity and the water-retaining property are both considered, the loss of chemical fertilizer is reduced, nutrient elements are activated, the quality of garden green land soil is remarkably improved, all nutrients do not generate antagonism in the soil, the utilization rate of the chemical fertilizer is increased, and meanwhile, the long-term nutrient retention capability of the soil is improved; the soil microenvironment can be improved, the soil loosening and organic matter decomposition can be enhanced, the activity of various enzymes in the soil can be enhanced, the number of soil microorganisms can be effectively increased, the microbial activity can be promoted, the diversity of soil organisms can be maintained, the circulation of soil nutrients and the flow of energy can be promoted, the soil quality of cultivated land can be comprehensively improved, and the soil fertility can be improved and maintained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soil improver, in particular to a kind of garden green land soil improver and preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of urban landscaping construction, the greening requirement is higher and higher, both to ensure the high-quality landscape effect, and to ensure that the greening effect can be long kept. Garden green land soil, as a kind of special soil different from natural soil or farmland soil, is the material basis for the survival of garden plants, and its physical and chemical properties are greatly affected by human factors. At present, people often pay more attention to the design effect of garden plant greening, but ignore the optimization and improvement of garden green land soil, resulting in the continuous reduction of garden green land soil quality and the difficulty in keeping the garden greening effect for a long time. Therefore, in order to achieve the purpose of sustainable development of garden greening, strengthening the management of garden green land soil and paying attention to the improvement of garden green land soil will inevitably become a new trend of modern garden greening development.

[0003] In order to expand the raw materials for preparing soil improver and utilize waste resources, it is a good choice to use garden waste after treatment for soil improver. At present, due to the weak awareness of resource utilization of garden waste and the low attention, combined with the dispersion of garden waste, it is difficult to collect and occupy space, the cost of collection and transportation is high, it is difficult to degrade naturally in a short time, etc. The existing garden waste disposal is difficult to standardize and resource, such as environmental pollution caused by landfill or incineration, or land resource waste caused by random stacking. For these garden wastes, some scholars propose to utilize these garden wastes, reduce environmental pollution and bring additional economic benefits, such as using garden waste as edible fungus cultivation substrate, biomass energy, soil improver, etc. Certain effects have been achieved. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a kind of garden green land soil improver and preparation method thereof, the method provided by the present application uses animal manure, garden greening waste, lemon grass and iris as raw materials to prepare fermented organic fertilizer, realizes the resource utilization of garden waste, avoids environmental pollution, cooperates with peat, sawdust after carbonization and compound microbial agent, improves the long-term water and fertilizer retention capacity of soil, improves the soil microenvironment, and significantly improves the quality of garden green land soil.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned application purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] The application provides a kind of garden green land soil conditioner, by mass fraction including the following raw materials prepared: fermented organic fertilizer 50~80 parts, sludge carbon 25~45 parts, sawdust after carbonization 25~45 parts, compound microbial agent 0.25~0.35 parts;

[0007] The fermented organic fertilizer is prepared from animal manure, garden waste, lemon grass and iris.

[0008] Preferably, the mass ratio of the animal manure, garden waste, lemon grass and iris is (7~35):(6~18):(1~8):(1~8).

[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the fermented organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing the garden waste, lemon grass and iris, crushing to obtain a crushed material, then adding water and animal manure in sequence, and then stirring and drying in sequence to obtain dried material;

[0010] Mixing the dried material and fermentation bacteria, and then performing aerobic fermentation, air drying and crushing in sequence to obtain the fermented organic fertilizer.

[0011] Oxygen is supplied and the pile is turned over during the aerobic fermentation.

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of the crushed material and water is 10:(2~5).

[0013] Preferably, the drying temperature is 170~200℃, and the drying time is 1~4h.

[0014] Preferably, the fermentation bacteria are composed of Bacillus subtilis group, yeast group and Trichoderma group with a mass ratio of (1~3):(3~6):(1.5~4).

[0015] Preferably, the humidity of the aerobic fermentation is 20~30%, the temperature of the aerobic fermentation is 20~35℃, and the time of the aerobic fermentation is 20~30d.

[0016] Preferably, the compound microbial agent is composed of Frankia, Bacillus licheniformis and Candida with a viable bacterial count ratio of (2~5):(1~3):(0.8~2).

[0017] Preferably, the viable bacterial count of the compound microbial agent is ≥8.5 billion / g.

[0018] The application also provides a preparation method of the garden green land soil conditioner.

[0019] Mixing the fermented organic fertilizer, sludge carbon, sawdust after carbonization and compound microbial agent uniformly, and then performing drying, crushing and sieving in sequence to obtain the garden green land soil conditioner.

[0020] The present application provides a kind of garden green land soil conditioner, improve soil aggregate structure, realize the loose degree and water retention, reduce chemical fertilizer loss, activate nutrient element, significantly improve the quality of garden green land soil, so that each nutrient does not produce antagonism in soil, improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer, also can improve the long-term nutrient retention capacity of soil, also can improve soil microenvironment, strengthen soil loose and organic matter decomposition, enhance the activity of various enzymes in soil, effectively increase the number of soil microorganisms, promote microbial activity, maintain the diversity of soil organisms, promote the circulation of soil nutrients and energy flow, improve the quality of cultivated land soil, increase the conservation of soil fertility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 8d water retention rate column chart of the conditioner prepared for the present application examples 1~4 and comparative examples 1~3;

[0022] Figure 2 Total porosity column chart of the conditioner prepared for the present application examples 1~4 and comparative examples 1~3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present application provides a kind of garden green land soil conditioner, by mass fraction, including the following raw materials prepared: fermented organic fertilizer 50~80 parts, sludge carbon 25~45 parts, sawdust after carbonization 25~45 parts, compound microbial agent 0.25~0.35 parts;

[0024] The fermented organic fertilizer is prepared by using animal manure, garden greening waste, lemon grass and iris.

[0025] In the present application, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used are all conventional commercially available products in the art.

[0026] In the present application, the garden waste preferably includes at least one of tree pruning branches, weeds, fallen leaves and straw. In the present application, the mass ratio of the animal manure, garden greening waste, lemon grass and iris is preferably (7~35):(6~18):(1~8):(1~8), more preferably (10~30):(8~15):(2~5):(2~5). The present application controls the mass ratio of animal manure, garden greening waste, lemon grass and iris in the above range, to effectively cover the odor of animal manure with the organic acids contained in lemon grass and iris, and to strengthen the soil loose degree with the fibers of iris and garden waste, and to improve the fertility and reduce pests and diseases with the nutrients and bacteriostatic components of lemon grass.

[0027] In the present application, the preparation method of the fermented organic fertilizer preferably comprises the following steps: mixing garden greening waste, lemon grass and iris laevigata, and then performing crushing treatment to obtain crushed materials; then adding water and animal manure in sequence; and then performing stirring and drying in sequence to obtain dried materials;

[0028] Mixing the dried materials and fermentation strains, and then performing aerobic fermentation, air drying and crushing in sequence to obtain the fermented organic fertilizer.

[0029] The oxygen is supplied and the pile is turned over during the aerobic fermentation.

[0030] In the present application, the average length of the crushed materials is 0.8-1.5 cm. In the present application, the mass ratio of the crushed materials to water is preferably 10:(2-5), and more preferably 10:(3-4). The present application controls the mass ratio of the crushed materials to water in the above range to promote the uniform mixing of the crushed materials, water and animal manure after subsequent stirring, effectively covers the peculiar smell of the animal manure by using the acidic substances contained in the lemon grass and iris laevigata, and facilitates the subsequent drying. In the present application, the stirring time is preferably 20-40 min.

[0031] In the present application, the drying temperature is preferably 170-200 DEG C, and more preferably 180-190 DEG C. In the present application, the drying time is preferably 1-4 h. The present application controls the temperature and time of the drying in the above range to effectively kill the insect eggs and part of harmful bacteria in the garden greening waste, lemon grass and iris laevigata materials, and facilitates the control of the fermentation humidity in the subsequent aerobic fermentation process.

[0032] In the present application, the fermentation strains preferably consist of Bacillus subtilis group, yeast group and Trichoderma group in a mass ratio of (1-3):(3-6):(1.5-4). The present application uses Bacillus subtilis to decompose proteins and cellulose, inhibit harmful bacteria and accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, uses yeast to decompose sugars and organic acids, produce growth-promoting substances and help the conversion of organic matter, and uses Trichoderma to decompose cellulose and lignin, inhibit pathogenic bacteria and improve soil permeability. By controlling the mass ratio of the three fermentation strains, the present application promotes the sufficient fermentation and decomposition of each substance in the dried materials, and achieves a better fermentation effect.

[0033] In the present application, the humidity of the aerobic fermentation is preferably 20-30%, the temperature of the aerobic fermentation is preferably 20-35 DEG C, and the time of the aerobic fermentation is preferably 20-30d. In the present application, preferably, air with an oxygen volume concentration of 55-75% is introduced during the aerobic fermentation. Through controlling the humidity, temperature and time of the aerobic fermentation, the present application further effectively kills harmful bacteria, insect eggs and the like in the dry material, and prepares a fermentation organic fertilizer containing rich organic matter, N, P, K and trace elements, which can supplement the nutrients in the soil, improve the biological diversity of the soil, help maintaining the ecological balance of the soil, take into account the looseness and water retention of the soil, reduce the loss of chemical fertilizer, activate the nutrient elements, and significantly improve the quality of the garden green land soil.

[0034] By adding a certain amount of sludge carbon, the present application utilizes the porous structure (large specific surface area) of the sludge carbon to adsorb nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, reduces the leaching loss of nutrients, locks the soil moisture, alleviates the drought problem of the garden green land soil, strengthens the fertilizer and water retention, and the sludge carbon can increase the soil porosity, break the hardening, improve the air permeability, and improve the soil structure. The sludge carbon can also reduce the biological availability of heavy metals (such as lead and cadmium) in the soil through adsorption and chemical fixation, avoid the absorption and accumulation of the heavy metals by the garden plants, and retain the organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and trace elements in the sludge, which can directly supplement the soil fertility. The use of the sludge carbon realizes the resource utilization of the sludge, reduces the pollution of waste, and the carbon structure after carbonization is stable and can long-term fix carbon, which meets the green garden concept. The porous structure of the sludge carbon also provides a habitat for beneficial bacteria, improves the microbial activity, and promotes the balance of the soil micro-ecology.

[0035] The present application uses a certain amount of carbonized sawdust as raw material, utilizes the fibrous porous structure of the carbonized sawdust, can significantly improve the soil looseness, avoids the oxygen deficiency of the root system, is especially suitable for potted, seedbed or hardened garden green land soil, and the carbonized sawdust can adsorb nutrients and water while slowly decomposing, can long-term maintain the soil fertilizer and water retention capacity, and reduces the fertilization and watering frequency.

[0036] In the present application, the complex bacterial agent preferably consists of Frankia, Bacillus licheniformis and Candida tropicalis in a ratio of (2-5):(1-3):(0.8-2) by viable bacterial count.

[0037] The present application also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned technical solution for the garden green land soil improver, comprising the following steps:

[0038] The fermented organic fertilizer, sludge carbon, sawdust after carbonization and the complex bacterial agent are mixed uniformly, and then are sequentially dried, crushed and sieved to obtain the garden green land soil improver.

[0039] In the present application, the drying method is preferably at 30-40 DEG C for 6-12 h.

[0040] The technical solutions in the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments in the present application.

[0041] Unless otherwise specified, all tests are repeated for 3 times, and the results are represented by the average value.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] A garden green land soil improver is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: fermented organic fertilizer 70 parts, sludge carbon 35 parts, sawdust after carbonization 25 parts and complex bacterial agent 0.32 parts.

[0044] The fermented organic fertilizer is prepared from animal manure, garden greening waste, lemon grass and iris laevigata

[0045] The garden waste is composed of tree pruning branches, weeds, fallen leaves and straw; the mass ratio of the animal manure, the garden greening waste, lemon grass and Iris laeta is 30:8:5:5;

[0046] The preparation method of the fermented organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing the garden greening waste, lemon grass and Iris laeta, and performing crushing treatment to obtain crushed materials with an average length of 1.2 cm; then, water and animal manure are added in sequence, and stirring is performed for 25 min; and then, drying is performed at 190 DEG C for 3 h to obtain dried materials;

[0047] The dried materials and fermentation bacteria are mixed, and then aerobic fermentation, air drying and crushing are sequentially performed to obtain the fermented organic fertilizer;

[0048] The mass ratio of the crushed materials and water is 10:3; the fermentation bacteria are composed of Bacillus subtilis group, yeast group and Trichoderma group with a mass ratio of 2:4:3; the humidity of the aerobic fermentation is 30%, the temperature of the aerobic fermentation is 32 DEG C, and the time of the aerobic fermentation is 30 d; and during the aerobic fermentation, air with a volume concentration of 60% of oxygen is introduced;

[0049] The complex bacterial agent is composed of Frankia, Bacillus licheniformis and Candida with a live bacteria number ratio of 2:3:2, and the live bacteria number of the complex bacterial agent is 8.5 billion / g.

[0050] The preparation method of the above-mentioned garden green land soil conditioner comprises the following steps:

[0051] The fermented organic fertilizer, sludge carbon, sawdust after carbonization and the complex bacterial agent are uniformly mixed, and then drying is performed at 40 DEG C for 8 h, and then crushing is performed to pass through a 100-mesh screen to obtain the garden green land soil conditioner.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] A garden green land soil conditioner, which is different from that in Example 1, is prepared from the following raw materials in terms of mass parts: fermented organic fertilizer 80 parts, sludge carbon 35 parts, sawdust after carbonization 25 parts and complex bacterial agent 0.32 part.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] A garden green land soil conditioner, which is different from that in Example 1, is prepared from the following raw materials in terms of mass parts: fermented organic fertilizer 70 parts, sludge carbon 35 parts, sawdust after carbonization 33 parts and complex bacterial agent 0.32 part.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] A kind of garden green land soil conditioner, different from example 1 is: by the following raw materials, by mass fraction, is prepared: fermented organic fertilizer 70 parts, sludge carbon 43 parts, carbonized sawdust 25 parts, compound microbial agent 0.32 parts.

[0058] Comparative example 1

[0059] A kind of soil conditioner, different from example 1 is: replace fermented organic fertilizer with equal amount of market-purchased organic fertilizer.

[0060] Comparative example 2

[0061] A kind of soil conditioner, different from example 1 is: without adding sludge carbon.

[0062] Comparative example 3

[0063] A kind of soil conditioner, different from example 1 is: without adding carbonized sawdust.

[0064] The performance test of the conditioner prepared in example 1~4 and comparative example 1~3 is carried out respectively, and the results are shown in table 1 and Figure 1 、 2 As shown in table 1 and Figure 1 , wherein, Figure 2 is the 8d water retention rate column chart of the conditioner prepared in example 1~4 and comparative example 1~3 of the application,

[0065] Escherichia coli test: the above conditioner sample is subjected to coliform bacteria determination, and the national standard for testing is GB / T19524.1-2004 respectively;

[0066] Determination of water retention: 50g loose dry conditioner improved garden soil is weighed in a tea bag, and its mass is m0, deionized water is added to make it adsorbed to the saturated state, and its mass is m1, it is placed in the garden, and the total mass m2 is measured every 3d, 8d respectively, and the water retention rate (%) = (m 2- m0) / m1;

[0067] Determination of air permeability: the total porosity (%) of the conditioner sample is detected by STAS 7184 / 5-1978 "determination of total porosity and air porosity of soil".

[0068] Table 1 performance test results of the conditioner prepared in example 1~4 and comparative example 1~3

[0069]

[0070] From table 1 and Figure 1 、 2It can be known that, compared with the comparative examples, the water retention of the improver prepared by the embodiments 1-4 of the application is excellent, the total porosity is high, the porosity and water retention are considered, the loss of chemical fertilizer can be reduced, the nutrient elements are activated, and the soil quality of the garden green land is significantly improved.

[0071] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner for garden green spaces, characterized in that, The product is prepared by weight of the following raw materials: 50-80 parts fermented organic fertilizer, 25-45 parts sludge charcoal, 25-45 parts carbonized sawdust, and 0.25-0.35 parts compound microbial agent. The fermented organic fertilizer is prepared using animal manure, garden waste, lemongrass, and iris as raw materials.

2. The soil conditioner for garden green spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the animal excrement, garden waste, lemongrass and iris is (7~35):(6~18):(1~8):(1~8).

3. The soil conditioner for garden green spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the fermented organic fertilizer includes the following steps: mixing garden waste, lemongrass and iris, then crushing them to obtain crushed material, then adding water and animal manure in sequence, and then stirring and drying them in sequence to obtain dried material; After mixing the dried material and the fermentation inoculum, the mixture is subjected to aerobic fermentation, air drying and pulverization in sequence to obtain fermented organic fertilizer. The aerobic fermentation process involves oxygenation and turning the compost pile.

4. The soil conditioner for garden green spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the pulverized material to water is 10:(2~5).

5. The soil conditioner for garden green spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying temperature is 170~200℃, and the drying time is 1~4h.

6. The soil conditioner for garden green spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fermentation strain consists of Bacillus subtilis, yeast, and Trichoderma in a mass ratio of (1~3):(3~6):(1.5~4).

7. The soil conditioner for garden green spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The humidity of the aerobic fermentation is 20-30%, the temperature of the aerobic fermentation is 20-35℃, and the time of the aerobic fermentation is 20-30 days.

8. The soil conditioner for garden green spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound microbial agent is composed of Frankenstein's bacterium, Bacillus licheniformis and Candida albicans with a live bacteria ratio of (2~5):(1~3):(0.8~2).

9. The soil conditioner for garden green spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The viable count of the compound microbial agent is ≥8.5 billion / g.

10. A method for preparing a soil conditioner for garden green spaces according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Fermented organic fertilizer, sludge charcoal, carbonized sawdust, and compound microbial agent are mixed evenly and then dried, crushed, and sieved in sequence to obtain a soil conditioner for garden green spaces.

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