Safe ignition type solid fuel gas generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a safe ignition type solid fuel gas generator, and belongs to the technical field of fuel gas generating equipment. The solid fuel gas generator comprises a shell, a fuel gas generating agent assembly, a safe ignition device and a circumferential flow guide device. The safety ignition device is optimally designed, the grain structure and the mounting mode are improved, and the circumferential flow guiding device is designed, so that the safety ignition device, the circumferential flow guiding device and the high-increasing-area-ratio structure of the fuel gas generating agent grain form an ignition-combustion-flow guiding collaborative system, and the comprehensive performance of the fuel gas generator is improved; the solid gas generator solves the technical problems that a traditional solid gas generator is poor in full ignition synergism, insufficient in gas generating agent grain combustion adaptability and uneven in gas flow guide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas generating equipment technology, and specifically to a safe ignition type solid gas generator. Background Technology

[0002] In cold launch systems for intelligent aerial vehicles (AAVs), the gas generator, acting as the thrust source, must drive the AAV to overcome internal resistance and launch smoothly from the launch tube. Its reliable ignition, uniform gas flow, and high propellant surface area ratio directly determine the safe ignition and launch efficiency of cold ejection. Safe ignition must avoid pre-ignition, flameout, or electromagnetic interference; gas flow optimization can reduce thermal scouring of the launch tube and projectile; and a high propellant surface area ratio can optimize the thrust curve and quickly complete the launch mission. However, current technologies have not yet achieved a breakthrough in the synergistic design of these three components, hindering the performance upgrade of cold ejection.

[0003] Existing solid gas generators have the following main defects: there are significant deficiencies in safe ignition and gas flow direction; the ignition devices are mostly simple electric spark triggers, lacking necessary safety coordination designs, which may lead to false ignition and are easily affected by electromagnetic interference, affecting the synchronization of propellant ignition; at the same time, the gas discharge adopts a direct spray structure design, which causes the gas to directly hit the cylinder wall, resulting in an uneven flow field and low mixing efficiency. This causes the launch cylinder to be impacted by high-temperature and high-speed airflow in some areas, which damages the structure and affects the stability of gas output.

[0004] Therefore, it is worthwhile to study how to achieve the coordinated operation of safe ignition, gas flow guidance, and high surface area ratio propellant structure in solid gas generators to improve their overall performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved: To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a safe ignition solid gas generator. By optimizing the design of the safe ignition device, improving the propellant structure and installation method, and designing a circumferential flow guide device, the three elements work together to improve the overall performance of the gas generator.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is: a safe ignition type solid gas generator, comprising: The shell includes a base and an end cap. The base is a cylindrical structure with one open end, and the open end is closed by the end cap to form the inner cavity of the shell. A gas generator assembly is installed inside the housing cavity. The gas generator assembly includes a charge holder and multiple charge columns. The array of multiple charge columns is installed inside the charge holder. The charge holder and the base are fixedly connected. The charge columns and the housing axis are parallel. The safety ignition device includes an interface assembly and an ignition chamber. The interface assembly is installed through the center of the end cap and is electrically connected to an external control system. The interface assembly is used to receive ignition commands from the control system and trigger the ignition chamber to ignite. The ignition chamber is coaxially installed below the interface assembly and is located at the center of multiple propellant grains inside the housing. The ignition chamber is used to ignite the propellant grains. The circumferential flow guide device is evenly installed on the circumferential side wall of the base and communicates with the inner cavity of the shell. The circumferential flow guide device is used to guide the gas generated by the combustion of the propellant column in a circumferential manner.

[0007] A further technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the drug loading support includes an upper support plate, a lower support plate, and support rods. The upper and lower support plates are arranged opposite to each other and parallel to each other. Multiple support rods are vertically installed between the two support plates, and the support rods serve to support the upper and lower support plates. Multiple drug columns are vertically installed between the upper and lower support plates. One end of each drug column is connected to the lower support plate, and the other end is connected to the upper support plate. The multiple drug columns are arranged in a circular array around the axes of the two support plates. The lower support plate is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the base.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the interface component includes a control module and an ignition electrode, which are coaxially nested and installed; The control module includes a housing, and a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a microprocessor, and an energy transfer assembly are installed inside the housing. The pressure sensor and temperature sensor are used to monitor the pressure and temperature inside the gas generator in real time and transmit the data to the microprocessor for processing. The microprocessor is used to receive ignition commands from the external control system, determine whether to ignite based on the collected pressure and temperature conditions, and control the energy transfer assembly to ignite the ignition electrode. The housing is inserted into a through hole in the center of the end cap. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the external control system, the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, and the energy transfer assembly. One end of the ignition electrode is welded to the energy transfer component and electrically connected, while the other end is connected to the ignition cavity. Together with the energy transfer component, it converts electrical energy into an electric spark that can ignite the ignition cavity.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the energy transfer component includes an ignition coil and a conductive connector, the conductive connector is used to transfer the electrical energy of the control module to the ignition coil, the ignition coil and the ignition electrode are electrically connected, and the ignition coil is used to provide high voltage electrical energy to the ignition electrode to generate an electric spark.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the control module further includes an electronic lock, which is normally closed to prevent accidental ignition of the ignition electrode; the electronic lock is electrically connected to the microprocessor, and the electronic lock is unlocked when the microprocessor determines that ignition is possible.

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the ignition cavity includes an ignition powder box, which is a cylindrical structure with an open upper end. A core is coaxially provided in its inner cavity, and a charging cavity is formed between the core and the inner wall of the cylindrical body of the ignition powder box. A fixing rod is coaxially provided at the upper end of the core, and the fixing rod is interference-fitted into the central hole of the ignition electrode. The lower end of the core is fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the ignition powder box. The inner wall of the upper end of the cylindrical body of the ignition powder box is provided with an inner conical surface that matches the outer conical surface of the lower end of the ignition electrode. The two conical surfaces are threaded together so that the lower end of the ignition electrode is inserted into the charging cavity. The ignition powder box is located at the center of multiple propellant columns. The charging cavity contains ignition powder. The cylindrical wall of the ignition powder box is provided with multiple ignition through holes. The ignition through holes are used to diffuse the gas generated after the ignition powder is ignited by the ignition electrode to the surrounding area to ignite the propellant columns.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is: an annular sealing groove is provided in the through hole at the center of the end cap, and a sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove. The sealing ring is used for sealing connection between the housing of the control module and the end cap.

[0013] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the circumferential flow guiding device includes a flow guiding shroud and a nozzle. The flow guiding shroud is a cylindrical structure with one open end. The nozzle is coaxially installed on the open end of the inner cavity of the flow guiding shroud. Multiple flow guiding grooves are evenly distributed on the radial cylindrical wall of the flow guiding shroud near its closed end. A flow guiding plate is formed between two adjacent flow guiding grooves. The flow guiding plate is used to guide the gas flowing through the nozzle through the flow guiding groove. The flow guiding surface of the flow guiding plate in contact with the gas is an arc surface. The inlet end of the nozzle faces the inner cavity of the base, and its outlet end is connected to the flow guiding groove.

[0014] A further technical solution of the present invention is: multiple mounting holes are evenly distributed in the same circumference of the side wall of the base, and the mounting holes are used for threaded connection with the circumferential flow guide device; the outer diameter wall of the open end of the flow guide is provided with external threads for threaded connection with the mounting holes. The end cap and the base are threaded together. The bottom of the base has an external thread for threaded connection with the launch tube. The end cap has an annular protrusion for fitting with the isolator inside the launch tube, which serves to support the isolator and limit its initial position.

[0015] A further technical solution of the present invention is: four circumferential flow guiding devices are provided, and four flow guiding plates are provided on each circumferential flow guiding device.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a safe ignition solid fuel generator, installed inside a launch tube, used to drive an intelligent aircraft out of the tube. Through the arrangement of a safe ignition device and a circumferential flow guide device, these two components, together with the high surface area ratio structure of the fuel propellant grain, form a synergistic "ignition-combustion-flow guide" system. The safe ignition device breaks through the traditional spark triggering mode, integrating environmental monitoring, encryption unlocking, and central diffusion functions. It solves the problems of misignition, electromagnetic interference, and poor ignition synchronization that are prone to occur in the traditional spark triggering mode. Furthermore, the central ignition chamber ensures synchronous ignition of the propellant grain, improving safety and combustion stability. The circumferential guide device abandons the direct exhaust design and adopts a combination structure of "Laval nozzle + arc-shaped guide plate". The design of the guide plate and guide groove changes the direction of the gas, avoiding the direct impact of high-temperature gas on the launch tube wall. The uniform circumferential layout of the shell and the nozzle design optimize the flow field, improve the gas-air mixing efficiency, reduce equipment maintenance costs and improve the launch accuracy of intelligent aircraft. It solves the problems of direct gas impact on the tube wall in traditional structures, which leads to thermal damage to the tube wall, as well as the problem of uneven flow field and low mixing efficiency.

[0017] Specifically, the structure of this invention has the following advantages compared to the traditional structure: The control module of the interface component in the safe ignition device of this invention integrates a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a microprocessor, an energy transfer component, and an electronic lock. The temperature and pressure sensors can monitor the environmental parameters inside the gas generator in real time. After receiving the ignition command, the microprocessor first verifies whether the environmental parameters meet preset conditions. Only after these conditions are met can ignition be triggered by unlocking the electronic lock, thus eliminating the risk of accidental ignition and ensuring a safe and controllable ignition process.

[0018] The circumferential flow guide device of this invention is distributed around the outer wall of the base cylinder. The guide plate of the flow guide shroud allows the gas to flow out from the flow guide groove, preventing the gas from directly impacting the cylinder wall of the launch tube. By changing the gas flow direction, a uniformly dispersed flow field is formed within the launch tube. This enhances the mixing efficiency of gas and air, allowing the gas energy to be fully released, while also ensuring the uniformity of the flow field and preventing excessive local pressure from damaging the equipment or affecting the launch attitude of the intelligent aircraft.

[0019] The gas generator assembly of this invention employs a frame-type propellant support, consisting of an upper support plate, a lower support plate, and a support rod. The propellant grains are arranged parallel to each other along the frame's axial direction. The ignition cartridge of the ignition device extends to the central area of ​​the propellant grain cluster, achieving uniform diffusion of the ignition gas and promoting synchronous and stable combustion of the propellant grains. The frame, composed of the upper support plate, lower support plate, and support rod, provides stable support for the propellant grains, preventing displacement and deformation during combustion. Together with the surface-enhancing propellant grains, it ensures a stable increase in the combustion area, making the gas generation rate uniform and controllable, thus meeting the "stable" gas output requirement for cold launch.

[0020] The housing of this invention is composed of an end cap and a base. The mounting through hole in the center of the end cap is adapted to the housing of the control module in the ignition device, and is sealed to the housing by setting an annular sealing groove and a sealing ring, ensuring a tight connection between the ignition device and the end cap. The end cap and the base are connected by threads, and sealing tape can be wrapped around the threads. Combined with the threaded fixation of the base and the launch tube, and the elimination of gaps by metal washers, a reliable sealing and stable structure is constructed to resist high-pressure gas impact, prevent gas leakage, and ensure equipment safety. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a safe ignition solid gas generator according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a safe ignition solid gas generator according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the end cap structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gas generator assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drug loading support structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the safety ignition device of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the interface component structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the ignition cavity structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the circumferential flow guidance device; Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the flow guide shroud of the circumferential flow guide device.

[0023] In the picture: 1. Housing; 11. End cap; 111. Sealing groove; 112. Annular protrusion; 113. Mounting stop; 12. Base; 121. Mounting hole; 122. First external thread; 123. Columnar groove; 124. First internal thread; 13. Connecting bolt; 2. Gas generator assembly; 21. Charge holder; 211. Upper support plate; 212. Lower support plate; 213. Support rod; 214. Support plate opening; 22. Charge; 23. First fixing screw; 24. Annular positioning boss; 25. Second fixing screw; 26. Columnar boss; 3. Safety ignition device; 31. Interface assembly; 311. Control module; 312. Ignition electrode; 32. Ignition cavity; 321. Ignition cartridge; 322. Core; 323. Fixing rod; 324. Ignition charge; 325. Ignition through hole; 4. Circumferential flow guide device, 41. Flow guide cover, 411. Second external thread, 42. Nozzle, 43. Flow guide groove, 44. Flow guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] This invention provides an embodiment of a safe-ignition solid fuel gas generator, aiming to address the technical problems of poor safe ignition coordination, insufficient combustion adaptability of the fuel propellant, and uneven gas flow in existing cold-launch solid fuel gas generators for intelligent aircraft. To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as susceptibility to interference with safe ignition, failure to achieve efficient and uniform gas flow distribution, and lack of synergistic optimization of "safe ignition-propellant combustion-gas flow," this invention employs a safe ignition device to precisely control the ignition timing, combined with a high surface area ratio structure for the fuel propellant and a lateral flow guide device to guide gas exhaust. This achieves synergy between safe and reliable ignition, efficient propellant combustion, and uniform gas flow, enabling safe ignition and efficient launch in cold ejection, thus meeting the performance requirements of high-precision cold ejection for the fuel gas generator.

[0026] The present invention provides a safe ignition type solid gas generator, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it includes a housing 1, a gas generator assembly 2, a safety ignition device 3, and a circumferential flow guide device 4. The housing 1 has a hollow structure, and the gas generator assembly 2 is installed inside the housing 1. The gas generator assembly 2 is used to generate gas after ignition, which is used as a propulsion force to drive the launch of the intelligent aircraft. The safety ignition device 3 is mounted on the housing 1, and its ignition end extends into the gas generator assembly 2. The safety ignition device 3 is used to receive ignition commands from the external control system to ignite the gas generator assembly 2. The circumferential flow guide device 4 is used to circumferentially guide the gas generated by the gas generator assembly 2.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 1, Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the housing 1 is a split structure, including a base 12 and an end cap 11, which can be easily assembled and maintained.

[0028] The base 12 is a cylindrical structure with one open end, which is closed by an end cap 11 to form the inner cavity of the shell 1. The open end of the base 12 has an outwardly flanged connecting flange for connection with the end cap 11; the inner cavity of the base 12 has a first internal thread 124 near the edge of its open end for threaded connection with the end cap 11. The end cap 11 is generally disc-shaped, and its circumference matches the connecting flange of the base 12. The two are fixedly connected by multiple connecting bolts 13. The side of the end cap 11 facing the base 12 has an annular protruding mounting stop 113 with external threads on its outer diameter. The external threads of the mounting stop 113 engage with the first internal thread 124 of the base 12 near the open end, achieving a threaded connection between the end cap 11 and the base 12. To ensure a tight seal, sealing tape is wrapped around the threaded connection between the end cap 11 and the base 12. When connecting the base 12 and the end cap 11, the threaded connection is made first, followed by bolt tightening. The base 12 and the end cap 11 cooperate to form the cavity of the housing 1. This cavity is a closed space for the generation, temporary storage and diversion of gas. The inner wall of the base 12 is sprayed with a high-temperature resistant coating to resist the high-temperature corrosion of the gas.

[0029] The base 12 has four mounting holes 121 on its cylindrical side wall, which are evenly distributed within the same circumference. These mounting holes 121 connect to the inner cavity of the housing 1 and are used to mount the circumferential flow guide device 4. Each mounting hole 121 is a stepped through hole, with its inner diameter smaller than its outer diameter. The inner hole is the smaller diameter section of the stepped hole, and the outer hole is the larger diameter section. The smaller and larger diameter sections form a limiting step. The larger diameter section has internal threads for threaded connection with the circumferential flow guide device 4. The limiting step provides axial restraint for the circumferential flow guide device 4 and prevents it from shifting during installation. The stepped hole design also helps to disperse the impact force of the high-pressure gas on the circumferential flow guide device 4, ensuring that the flow guide device does not loosen under high pressure.

[0030] The inner wall of the base 12 has multiple columnar grooves 123, and a threaded blind hole is coaxially provided at the center of each columnar groove 123. The columnar grooves 123 are used to fix and install the gas generator assembly 2. The side wall of the base 12 away from the end cap 11 has a first external thread 122. The first external thread 122 is used to connect with the internal thread at the bottom of the launch tube to fix the entire gas generator device and make the gas generator and the launch tube coaxial.

[0031] The end cap 11 has a through hole in its center for inserting the safety ignition device 3. An annular sealing groove 111 is provided within the through hole in the center of the end cap 11, and a sealing ring is installed within the sealing groove 111 to achieve an airtight connection between the through hole in the center of the end cap 11 and the safety ignition device 3. An annular protrusion 112 is provided on the upper surface of the end cap 11 facing away from the base 12. The protrusion height of the annular protrusion 112 is designed to fit against the edge of the isolator inside the launch tube. The annular protrusion 112 fits against the isolator inside the launch tube, supporting the isolator and limiting its initial position to prevent displacement before ejection.

[0032] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the gas generator assembly 2 is installed in the inner cavity of the housing 1. The gas generator assembly 2 includes a charge holder 21 and multiple charge columns 22. The multiple charge columns 22 are arrayed and installed in the charge holder 21. The charge holder 21 and the base 12 are fixedly connected. The charge columns 22 are parallel to the axis of the housing 1.

[0033] The drug loading support 21 is a frame structure, comprising an upper support plate 211, a lower support plate 212, and support rods 213. The upper support plate 211 and lower support plate 212 are arranged opposite each other and parallel to each other. Multiple support rods 213 are vertically installed between the two support plates, and the support rods 213 serve to support the upper support plate 211 and lower support plate 212. Figure 5 As shown, the lower end of the support rod 213 is fixedly connected to the lower support plate 212, and the upper end of the support rod 213 is detachably connected to the upper support plate 211 by the second fixing screw 25.

[0034] Multiple pharmacist pellets 22 are vertically installed between the upper support plate 211 and the lower support plate 212. One end of each pellet 22 is connected to the lower support plate 212, and the other end is connected to the upper support plate 211. Figure 5 As shown, multiple through-holes 214 are provided on the upper and lower support plates, and multiple annular positioning bosses 24 are provided on the opposite surfaces of the two support plates. The annular positioning bosses 24 and the support plate openings 214 are coaxial and correspond one-to-one. The annular positioning bosses 24 play a radial positioning role for the propellant 22. The support plate openings 214 help the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated during the combustion of the propellant 22 to be discharged in a fixed direction along the fixed channel, avoiding disorderly accumulation of gas. At the same time, in order to make the gas flow faster and more uniform, multiple waist-shaped through holes are evenly distributed on the inner side of the annular positioning bosses 24 of the upper support plate 211 and the plate surface between the support plate openings 214 and the support plate openings 214.

[0035] Multiple propellant columns 22 are arranged in a circular array around the central axis of two support plates. The center of the cluster of propellant columns 22 forms the placement area for the ignition end of the safety ignition device 3. The center of the upper support plate 211 has a through hole coaxial with the through hole in the center of the end cap 11, for inserting the ignition end of the safety ignition device 3. When the ignition end of the safety ignition device 3 is ignited, all propellant columns 22 can be ignited simultaneously. The propellant column 22 has a through hole inside, and the outer wall and end cap are covered with a flame-retardant layer to control its combustion within the hole, avoiding combustion in non-preset areas, ensuring combustion stability and thrust controllability, adapting to the cold launch requirements of intelligent aircraft, realizing increased combustion surface to improve gas generation efficiency, buffering thermal deformation to prevent propellant column cracking, and ensuring reliable operation of the generator. In this embodiment, there are 18 propellant columns 22, which are inserted parallel to each other along the axial direction of the propellant support 21 into the annular positioning boss 24 provided on the support plate, so that the central hole of the propellant column 22 is aligned with the opening 214 of the upper and lower support plates.

[0036] The bottom surface of the lower support plate 212 is provided with multiple columnar protrusions 26, which correspond one-to-one with the columnar grooves 123 in the inner cavity of the base 12. Multiple first fixing screws 23 pass through the lower support plate 212 and the columnar protrusions 26 in sequence and connect with the threaded blind holes in the columnar grooves 123, thereby fixing the entire gas generator assembly 2 to the inner cavity of the base 12. The columnar protrusions 26 can play a role in installation and positioning, while maintaining a certain distance between the lower support plate 212 and the bottom wall of the base 12 to ensure smooth gas flow.

[0037] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the safety ignition device 3 includes an interface assembly 31 and an ignition chamber 32. The interface assembly 31 is installed through the center of the end cover 11 and is electrically connected to an external control system. The interface assembly 31 is used to receive ignition commands from the control system and trigger the ignition chamber 32 to ignite. The ignition chamber 32 is coaxially installed below the interface assembly 31 as the ignition end and is located at the center of multiple propellant charges 22 inside the housing 1. The ignition chamber 32 is used to ignite the propellant charges 22.

[0038] The interface component 31 includes a control module 311 and an ignition electrode 312, which are coaxially nested to ensure accurate energy transfer and structural stability during ignition. The control module 311 includes a housing, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a microprocessor, an energy transfer assembly, and an electronic lock. The housing serves as the mounting enclosure for the control module, passing through a through-hole in the center of the end cap 11. The outer diameter of the cylindrical boss at its bottom contacts a sealing ring installed in the sealing groove 111. The pressure sensor, temperature sensor, microprocessor, energy transfer assembly, and electronic lock are installed within the housing. The pressure sensor monitors the pressure inside the gas generator in real time and transmits the data to the microprocessor for processing. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature inside the gas generator in real time and transmits the data to the microprocessor for processing. The microprocessor, as the core processing and control unit of the control module 311, is electrically connected to an external control system. It receives ignition commands from the external control system, determines whether to ignite based on the collected pressure and temperature conditions, controls the energy transfer assembly to ignite the ignition electrode 312, and controls the electronic lock to unlock. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the external control system via shielded cables. The microprocessor is also electrically connected to the pressure sensor, temperature sensor, energy transfer components, and electronic lock.

[0039] One end of the ignition electrode 312 is a platinum-iridium alloy needle, which is laser-welded to the energy transfer assembly to ensure electrical connection. The other end is connected to the ignition cavity 32. Together with the energy transfer assembly, it converts electrical energy into an electric spark capable of igniting the ignition cavity 32. The energy transfer assembly specifically includes an ignition coil and a conductive connector. The conductive connector is used to transfer electrical energy from the control module to the ignition coil. The ignition coil and the ignition electrode 312 are electrically connected, and the ignition coil provides high-voltage electrical energy to the ignition electrode 312 to generate an electric spark.

[0040] The electronic lock is normally closed to prevent accidental ignition of the ignition electrode 312. The electronic lock is unlocked once the microprocessor determines that ignition is possible.

[0041] After receiving the ignition command from the external control system, the microprocessor first verifies whether the environmental parameters (temperature and pressure) meet the preset conditions before triggering the energy transfer component. If the environmental parameters meet the ignition requirements, the electronic lock in the circuit is unlocked first, and then the energy transfer component is triggered to ignite the ignition electrode 312. If the environmental parameters do not meet the preset conditions, a dual-layer protection is activated: first, the electronic lock is not unlocked, and it cuts off the power supply circuit of the energy transfer component, preventing electrical energy from being transmitted to the ignition electrode 312, thus preventing the ignition action from being triggered at the source; second, a "normal environmental parameter" fault signal is transmitted to the external system in real time via a shielded cable, and specific abnormal parameters, such as "pressure 0.08MPa (below the threshold)" and "temperature -30℃ (below the threshold)," are uploaded simultaneously, while maintaining a fault lock state, requiring the external control system to investigate and resolve the abnormality. Only after the external control system sends a "reset command" to the microprocessor will the control module 311 re-enter the standby mode to avoid safety risks caused by forced ignition under abnormal conditions.

[0042] like Figure 7 , Figure 9 As shown, the ignition chamber 32 includes an ignition cartridge 321, which is a cylindrical structure with an open upper end. A core 322 is coaxially mounted within its inner cavity. The core 322 is a solid cylindrical structure, and its bottom end is fixed to the bottom wall of the cylindrical body of the ignition cartridge 321. A charging cavity is formed between the core 322 and the inner wall of the cylindrical body of the ignition cartridge 321. A fixing rod 323 is coaxially mounted at the upper end of the core 322. The fixing rod 323 is interference-fitted into the central hole of the ignition electrode 312, achieving coaxial positioning of the ignition chamber 32 and the interface assembly 31, and simultaneously assisting in fixing the axial position of the ignition electrode 312. The inner wall of the upper end of the cylindrical body of the ignition cartridge 321 has an inner conical surface that matches the outer conical surface of the lower end of the ignition electrode 312. The two conical surfaces are threaded together, allowing the lower end of the ignition electrode 312 to be inserted into the charging cavity. The conical surface fit enhances airtightness under high pressure, preventing ignition gas leakage from the connection gap. The ignition box 321 is located at the center of multiple propellant columns 22, and its inner cavity contains ignition powder 324, which is made of a highly stable pyrotechnic agent. The cylindrical wall of the ignition box 321 has multiple ignition through holes 325, which are used to diffuse the gas generated after the ignition powder 324 is ignited by the ignition electrode 312 to ignite the propellant columns 22. In this embodiment, four sets of ignition through holes 325 are evenly distributed on the cylindrical wall of the ignition box 321, with multiple holes arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the ignition box 321 in each set.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the present invention installs four circumferential flow guiding devices 4 on the side wall of the cylinder of the base 12 to guide the gas in the inner cavity of the shell 1 to the launch tube in a circumferential manner.

[0044] The circumferential flow guiding device 4 includes a flow guide shroud 41 and a nozzle 42. The flow guide shroud 41 is a cylindrical structure with one open end, made of high-temperature resistant alloy casting. The nozzle 42 is a Laval nozzle, coaxially mounted on the open end of the inner cavity of the flow guide shroud 41, with the inlet end of the nozzle 42 extending out of the flow guide shroud 41, forming an integral structure with the flow guide shroud 41. Multiple flow guide grooves 43 are evenly distributed on the radial wall of the flow guide shroud 41 near its closed end. A flow guide plate 44 is formed between two adjacent flow guide grooves 43. The flow guide plate 44 is used to guide the gas flowing through the nozzle 42 out of the flow guide grooves 43. The flow guide surface of the flow guide plate 44 in contact with the gas is arc-shaped and polished to reduce airflow resistance. The circumferential width of the flow guide groove 43 is approximately 1.5 times that of the flow guide plate 44.

[0045] The inlet end of the nozzle 42 faces the inner cavity of the base 12 and passes through the inner small hole section of the mounting hole 121. The limiting step of the mounting hole 121 contacts the end face of the open end of the guide shroud 41. The outer diameter wall of the guide shroud 41 near the open end is provided with a second external thread 411, which is engaged with the internal thread of the outer large hole section of the mounting hole 121. The outlet end of the nozzle 42 is connected to the guide groove 43. Through the guide plate 44 and the guide groove 43, the exhaust direction of the gas flowing through the nozzle 42 is changed, and the guide shroud 41 forms a shield away from the bottom of its open end, effectively preventing the gas from directly scouring the cylinder wall of the launch tube, thus realizing the dual functions of "guide + protection".

[0046] The circumferential flow guide device 4 is designed to create a uniformly dispersed flow field within the launch tube, which not only enhances the mixing efficiency of gas and air by optimizing airflow distribution but also avoids flow field turbulence caused by sudden increases in local pressure. Each flow guide device 4 is securely connected to the base 12 via threads, can withstand the impact of high-pressure gas without the risk of displacement, and each device supports independent disassembly and maintenance, balancing structural reliability and ease of operation and maintenance.

[0047] During operation, after receiving the ignition command, the microprocessor of the control module achieves ignition through four steps: "energy transfer – propellant ignition – gas diffusion – synchronous ignition of the propellant column". The specific process is as follows: After the microprocessor verifies that the environmental parameters meet the ignition conditions, it unlocks the electronic lock and sends a working command to the energy transfer component. The energy transfer component converts the externally input electrical energy into stable high-voltage pulse electrical energy and transmits it to the ignition electrode 312. After receiving the electrical energy, the end of the ignition electrode that extends into the ignition chamber 32 generates a high-temperature electric spark, which directly acts on the ignition propellant 324 filled in the chamber, triggering the rapid combustion of the ignition propellant 324 and generating high-temperature, high-pressure ignition gas. The ignition gas accumulates pressure in the sealed ignition chamber 32 and then rapidly diffuses to the surrounding area through multiple ignition through-holes 325 on the outer wall of the ignition propellant box 321, covering the cluster of gas generating agent columns 22 around the ignition chamber 32. The diffused high-temperature ignition gas directly contacts the inner surface of all gas generating agent columns 22. Because the outer wall of the column 22 is covered with a flame-retardant layer, the high temperature of the ignition gas triggers all columns 22 to simultaneously burn within their inner holes, ultimately achieving stable ignition of the gas generator. The gas produced by the combustion of the propellant 22 in the inner cavity of the shell 1 enters the four circumferential guide devices 4 through the four mounting holes 121 of the base 12. It first enters through the inlet end of the nozzle 42, then exits through the outlet end of the nozzle 42, and is then guided by the guide plate 44 to exit from the guide groove 43 and enter the launch tube.

[0048] This invention employs a combined design of a safe ignition device and a gas generator assembly. The safe ignition utilizes a propellant ignition method adapted to the internal environment of the gas generator, ensuring stable ignition of the propellant column through precise timing control, effectively avoiding the risks of ineffective or accidental ignition. Regarding gas flow guidance, four circumferentially arranged flow guides the gas from the nozzle along a predetermined path into the launch tube. This prevents direct erosion of the tube wall, protecting the launch tube structure, and ensures more uniform gas output, balancing safe ignition and flow field uniformity within a compact structure. Simultaneously, the gas and air can be fully mixed, improving combustion efficiency and enhancing engine stability. This invention significantly improves the overall performance and reliability of the gas generator.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safe ignition type solid gas generator, characterized in that, include: The shell includes a base and an end cap. The base is a cylindrical structure with one open end, and the open end is closed by the end cap to form the inner cavity of the shell. A gas generator assembly is installed inside the housing cavity. The gas generator assembly includes a charge holder and multiple charge columns. The array of multiple charge columns is installed inside the charge holder. The charge holder and the base are fixedly connected. The charge columns and the housing axis are parallel. The safety ignition device includes an interface assembly and an ignition chamber. The interface assembly is installed through the center of the end cap and is electrically connected to an external control system. The interface assembly is used to receive ignition commands from the control system and trigger the ignition chamber to ignite. The ignition chamber is coaxially installed below the interface assembly and is located at the center of multiple propellant grains inside the housing. The ignition chamber is used to ignite the propellant grains. The circumferential flow guide device is evenly installed on the circumferential side wall of the base and communicates with the inner cavity of the housing. The circumferential flow guide device is used to guide the gas generated by the combustion of the propellant column in a circumferential manner.

2. The safe ignition type solid gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drug loading support includes an upper support plate, a lower support plate, and support rods. The upper and lower support plates are arranged opposite each other and parallel to each other. Multiple support rods are vertically installed between the two support plates, and the support rods serve to support the upper and lower support plates. Multiple drug columns are vertically installed between the upper and lower support plates. One end of each drug column is connected to the lower support plate, and the other end is connected to the upper support plate. The multiple drug columns are arranged in a circular array around the central axis of the two support plates. The lower support plate is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the base.

3. The safe ignition type solid gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interface components include a control module and an ignition electrode, which are coaxially nested and installed. The control module includes a housing, and a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a microprocessor, and an energy transfer assembly are installed inside the housing. The pressure sensor and temperature sensor are used to monitor the pressure and temperature inside the gas generator in real time and transmit the data to the microprocessor for processing. The microprocessor is used to receive ignition commands from the external control system, determine whether to ignite based on the collected pressure and temperature conditions, and control the energy transfer assembly to ignite the ignition electrode. The housing is inserted into a through hole in the center of the end cap. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the external control system, the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, and the energy transfer assembly. One end of the ignition electrode is welded to the energy transfer component and electrically connected, while the other end is connected to the ignition cavity. Together with the energy transfer component, it converts electrical energy into an electric spark that can ignite the ignition cavity.

4. The safe ignition type solid gas generator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The energy transfer component includes an ignition coil and a conductive connector. The conductive connector is used to transfer electrical energy from the control module to the ignition coil. The ignition coil and the ignition electrode are electrically connected. The ignition coil is used to provide high-voltage electrical energy to the ignition electrode to generate an electric spark.

5. The safe ignition type solid gas generator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control module also includes an electronic lock, which is normally closed to prevent accidental ignition of the ignition electrode; the electronic lock is electrically connected to the microprocessor, and unlocks the electronic lock when the microprocessor determines that ignition is possible.

6. The safe ignition type solid gas generator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ignition chamber includes an ignition cartridge, which is a cylindrical structure with an open top. A core is coaxially mounted within the cartridge, forming a charging cavity between the core and the inner wall of the cartridge. A fixing rod is coaxially mounted at the upper end of the core, and is interference-fitted into the center hole of the ignition electrode. The lower end of the core is fixed to the bottom of the cartridge's inner cavity. The inner wall at the upper end of the cartridge has an inner conical surface that matches the outer conical surface at the lower end of the ignition electrode. The two conical surfaces are threaded together, allowing the lower end of the ignition electrode to be inserted into the charging cavity. The ignition cartridge is located at the center of multiple propellant columns. The charging cavity contains igniting propellant. Multiple ignition through holes are provided on the cartridge wall of the ignition cartridge. These holes allow the gas generated after the igniting propellant is ignited by the ignition electrode to diffuse outwards and ignite the propellant columns.

7. The safe ignition type solid gas generator according to claim 3, characterized in that, An annular sealing groove is provided in the through hole at the center of the end cap, and a sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove. The sealing ring is used for sealing the connection between the housing of the control module and the end cap.

8. As described in claim 1, characterized in that, The circumferential flow guide device includes a flow guide shroud and a nozzle. The flow guide shroud is a cylindrical structure with one open end. The nozzle is coaxially installed on the open end of the inner cavity of the flow guide shroud. Multiple flow guide grooves are evenly distributed on the radial cylindrical wall of the flow guide shroud near its closed end. A flow guide plate is formed between two adjacent flow guide grooves. The flow guide plate is used to guide the gas flowing through the nozzle through the flow guide groove. The flow guide surface of the flow guide plate that contacts the gas is an arc surface. The inlet end of the nozzle faces the inner cavity of the base, and its outlet end is connected to the flow guide groove.

9. The safe ignition type solid gas generator according to claim 8, characterized in that, Multiple mounting holes are evenly distributed on the same circumference of the side wall of the base. The mounting holes are used for threaded connection with the circumferential flow guide device. The outer diameter wall of the open end of the flow guide is provided with external threads for threaded connection with the mounting holes. The end cap and the base are threaded together. The bottom of the base has an external thread for threaded connection with the launch tube. The end cap has an annular protrusion for fitting with the isolator inside the launch tube, which serves to support the isolator and limit its initial position.

10. The safe ignition type solid gas generator according to claim 8, characterized in that, The circumferential flow guide device is provided with 4 units, and each circumferential flow guide device has 4 flow guide plates.

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