Electric power high-carbon node identification method

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric power high-carbon node identification method, relates to the technical field of carbon emission distribution, and aims to solve the problem that novel electric power system carbon emission is not beneficial to quantitative analysis of electric power system low-carbon characteristics and carbon emission responsibilities. Obtaining a key parameter of each node; according to the output result of the key parameter, calculating the carbon emission of the load side; calculating a system load side carbon emission responsibility allocation amount according to a power flow and carbon flow calculation result; according to a carbon emission responsibility allocation result, constructing a responsibility allocation amount critical value according to the carbon emission responsibility allocation result and a fairness theory; and performing high-carbon node identification according to the apportionment amount critical value. According to the method, the nodes of which the carbon emission responsibility allocation amount is relatively high or exceeds the average value can be emphatically recorded, and the nodes are judged as the high-carbon nodes, so that a reference basis is provided for proposing a subsequent carbon reduction strategy, and quantitative analysis of low-carbon characteristics and carbon emission responsibility of a power system is facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of carbon emission allocation, and particularly relates to a method for identifying a high-carbon node of electric power. BACKGROUND

[0002] Since the carbon emission flow analysis theory was proposed, great development has been achieved, but there are still some problems to be further studied and improved. For example, the basic carbon emission flow analysis calculation of the power system is based on the direct current flow and does not consider the network loss. However, the carbon emission flow analysis is based on the power flow, and the existence of the network loss will undoubtedly affect the results of the carbon emission flow analysis. In the actual power system, the power loss rate of the electric network can reach more than 7%, and the carbon emission amount corresponding to this part of the electric energy is undoubtedly huge.

[0003] Most of the carbon emissions of the new power system are calculated according to the primary energy consumption, which is disconnected with the power flow calculation in the power system analysis, and cannot reflect the 'network' characteristics of the power grid. Moreover, only the cumulative amount of carbon emission and the average level of the corresponding low-carbon index in a period of time of the power system can be obtained, and the micro change process of each low-carbon index cannot be described, which is not conducive to the quantitative analysis of the low-carbon characteristics and carbon emission responsibility of the power system. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application solves the problem that the carbon emission of the new power system is not conducive to the quantitative analysis of the low-carbon characteristics and carbon emission responsibility of the power system, and proposes a method for identifying a high-carbon node of electric power. The node with a higher carbon emission responsibility allocation amount or exceeding the average value is recorded as a high-carbon node, which provides a reference basis for the subsequent carbon reduction strategy, and is conducive to the quantitative analysis of the low-carbon characteristics and carbon emission responsibility of the power system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: A method for identifying a high-carbon node of electric power, comprising the following steps: S1, based on the carbon emission flow theory, performing carbon flow analysis calculation on the entire power system to obtain key parameters of each node; S2, calculating the carbon emission amount of the load side according to the output results of the key parameters; S3, calculating the carbon emission responsibility allocation amount of the system load side according to the results of the power flow and the carbon flow calculation; S4, constructing a responsibility allocation amount critical value according to the results of the carbon emission responsibility allocation and the fairness theory; S5, identifying the high-carbon node according to the allocation amount critical value.

[0006] In the technical solution, firstly, carbon flow analysis and calculation are performed on the entire power system to obtain carbon flow, carbon flow density and node carbon potential of each node; then, carbon emission of the load is calculated according to the output of the key parameters, and then the carbon emission responsibility allocation of the system load side is calculated; the measured carbon emission of the system is collected and compared with the carbon emission responsibility, and the carbon emission and the carbon emission responsibility are analyzed, and the carbon emission and the carbon emission responsibility allocation critical value are set according to the carbon emission responsibility allocation result; finally, the high-carbon node is identified to provide a reference for subsequent carbon reduction strategy.

[0007] The application further comprises the following steps: The step S1 comprises the following steps: Based on the power flow calculation result, the power flow distribution matrix, the load distribution matrix and the injection distribution matrix are obtained by using the Newton-Raphson method to calculate the power flow of the given topology structure and combining the carbon emission flow calculation theory, and finally the final carbon flow result is calculated.

[0008] In the technical solution, the power flow calculation is the basic link of the carbon flow calculation, the active power, the reactive power, the voltage and the phase angle of all nodes are solved by using the Jacobian matrix through comprehensive analysis of the parameters such as the new power system network structure and the unit structure, and then the power flow result of each branch of the new power system is obtained, and the concept and definition of the carbon emission flow are comprehensively analyzed to lay a foundation for forming the basic method of the power system carbon flow calculation.

[0009] The application further comprises the following steps: The step S3 comprises the following steps: S31, according to the carbon emission flow theory, the power flow and the carbon flow tracking method are used to quantitatively evaluate the power flow distribution of the system; S32, according to the node carbon intensity evaluation method, the counter flow distribution matrix considering the network loss and the column vector of the carbon flow injection amount of the power generation node are constructed, and the node carbon trace intensity and the carbon emission responsibility allocation result of the system network are calculated combined with the power flow result.

[0010] In the technical solution, the FCI value of each node of the load side can be obtained through the above calculation, and the carbon trace intensity of each node can be preliminarily mastered after the FCI value is sorted, and the carbon emission responsibility allocation of the i node is obtained by multiplying the load amount.

[0011] The application further comprises the following steps: The step S4 comprises the following steps: The measured carbon emission of the system is collected and compared with the carbon emission responsibility, and the carbon emission and the carbon emission responsibility are analyzed, and the carbon emission and the carbon emission responsibility allocation critical value are set according to the carbon emission responsibility allocation result.

[0012] The technical scheme is characterized in that, after quantitative responsibility allocation values based on the FCI allocation method are obtained, a responsibility allocation fairness interval is constructed according to the results and fairness theory, thereby providing a decision maker with a decision space with higher variability.

[0013] The application further comprises the following steps: The step S5 comprises the following steps: S51, setting the average value of the organic combination under the two scenarios of carbon emission and carbon emission responsibility as a critical value, if the node satisfies that both the carbon emission and the carbon emission responsibility exceed the critical value, the node is a high-carbon node, if there is no such node, entering S52, S52, if the node satisfies that the carbon emission exceeds the critical value, the node is a high-carbon node.

[0014] In the technical scheme, the high-carbon node is accurately identified through the above steps.

[0015] The application further comprises the following steps: The step S4 further comprises the following steps: S41, calculating the responsibility allocation according to the historical carbon emission of each node on the load side; S42, calculating the carbon emission responsibility allocation according to the predicted value of the power demand of each node on the load side; S43, determining the upper limit and the lower limit of the carbon emission responsibility allocation fairness interval of the load node i.

[0016] In the technical scheme, after the steps S41 to S43 are completed, the obtained calculation results provide data references for the subsequent identification of high-carbon nodes and the assessment of the carbon reduction potential of nodes.

[0017] The application further comprises the following steps: The carbon emission responsibility allocation of each load node on the load side is expressed as: x i =P Di F f(i) In the formula, P Di is the active power consumption of the i-th load; F f(i) is the FCI value of the node where the i-th load is located, P n is the power vector flowing through the node, is the total carbon flow vector flowing through the node.

[0018] In the technical scheme, the FCI value is the carbon trace intensity of the node.

[0019] The application further comprises the following steps: The upper limit and the lower limit of the carbon emission responsibility allocation fairness interval of the load node i are respectively expressed as: C iu = Max(C ih , C ip ) C id = Min(C ih , C ip ) In the formula, C iu is the upper limit of the carbon emission responsibility allocation of the load node i; C id is the lower limit of the carbon emission responsibility allocation of the load node i, C ip is the carbon emission responsibility amount allocated to the load node i under the principle of individual equality, and C ih is the carbon emission responsibility allocation amount of the node i under the principle of historical responsibility.

[0020] In the technical solution, the upper limit and the lower limit of the carbon emission responsibility allocation fairness interval are calculated to determine the high-carbon node.

[0021] The application further provides that: The carbon emission responsibility allocation is specifically represented as: In the formula, C ip is the carbon emission responsibility amount allocated to the load node i under the principle of individual equality; P i is the load demand prediction value of the load node i in the calculation period under the principle of individual equality; C iw is the total amount of the carbon emission responsibility allocation to be allocated in the future under the principle of individual equality.

[0022] In the technical solution, the carbon emission responsibility allocation is calculated under the principle of individual equality.

[0023] The application further provides that: The responsibility allocation is specifically represented as: In the formula, C ih is the carbon emission responsibility allocation amount of the node i under the principle of historical responsibility; C it is the total amount of the carbon emission responsibility amount to be allocated by each node under the principle of historical responsibility, which can be obtained by proportional conversion combined with the current carbon emission responsibility amount; HC ie is the historical carbon emission amount of the node i under the principle of historical responsibility, which comes from the statistical list of the region or enterprise in previous years; and N is the total number of the load nodes participating in the allocation under the principle of historical responsibility.

[0024] In the technical solution, the responsibility allocation is calculated under the principle of historical responsibility.

[0025] The application can bring the following beneficial effects: The application relates to a power high-carbon node identification method, which records nodes with higher carbon emission responsibility allocation or higher than the average value, judges the nodes as high-carbon nodes, provides reference bases for subsequent carbon reduction strategies, and is beneficial to quantitative analysis of low-carbon characteristics and carbon emission responsibility of the power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of carbon flow analysis and calculation of the power high-carbon node identification method.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of S3 and S4 of the power high-carbon node identification method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the application more clear and explicit, the application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples, and it should be understood that the specific implementation manner described herein is only one best embodiment of the application, is used to explain the application, and does not limit the protection scope of the application, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the application.

[0029] Example 1 The embodiment provides a power high-carbon node identification method, which refers to Figure 1 and Figure 2 and mainly includes the following steps.

[0030] Step S1, based on carbon emission flow theory, carbon flow analysis and calculation are carried out on the entire power system to obtain key parameters of each node.

[0031] For step S1, it specifically includes the following steps: based on the calculation result of power flow, on the basis of performing power flow calculation on a given topological structure by using the Newton-Raphson method, combined with carbon emission flow calculation theory, a branch power flow distribution matrix, a load distribution matrix and an injection distribution matrix are obtained, the branch power flow distribution matrix, the load distribution matrix and the injection distribution matrix are intermediate parameters, after the intermediate parameters are obtained, a final carbon flow result is calculated by using a related method.

[0032] As a basic analysis tool for describing the relationship between carbon emission and power production and consumption, carbon emission flow is crucial for characterizing the low-carbon characteristics of each link of the power system. Carbon emission flow and power flow are closely related. On one hand, carbon emission flow depends on power flow, and factors influencing the distribution of system power flow will also affect the distribution of carbon emission flow; on the other hand, carbon emission flow is also related to the carbon emission characteristics of the generator set, and has its own unique flow properties.

[0033] On the basis of the known power system flow distribution, the distribution of carbon emission flow can be mastered, which can further analyze the calculation of carbon emission transfer caused by power exchange in different regions, and the low-carbon power dispatching and low-carbon power source and grid planning method in different time scales, and has important significance for the formulation of power generation plan and operation mode, optimization decision of power source and grid planning, and quantitative allocation of carbon emission responsibility.

[0034] The power flow calculation is the basic link of the carbon flow calculation. Through comprehensive analysis of the network structure and unit structure parameters of the new power system, the active power, reactive power, voltage and phase angle of all nodes can be solved by using the Jacobian matrix, and then the branch flow results of the new power system are obtained. Combined with the new power system power flow calculation system, the existing carbon emission flow concept and definition are comprehensively analyzed, which lays the foundation for forming the basic method of carbon flow calculation of power system. The key parameters involved in carbon flow analysis include branch carbon flow, branch carbon flow rate, branch carbon flow density and node carbon potential. The following will define the parameters used and analyze their physical meaning and calculation model.

[0035] 1、Branch carbon flow F: The branch carbon flow is the cumulative amount of carbon emission corresponding to the carbon flow through a certain branch in a certain time along with the power flow, which is denoted by F, and the unit of carbon flow is the same as that of carbon emission, which is t carbon dioxide or kg carbon dioxide.

[0036] 2、Branch carbon flow rate R: The branch carbon flow rate is the carbon flow through a certain branch in a unit time along with the power flow, which is denoted by R, and is specifically represented as The unit is generally t carbon dioxide / h or kg carbon dioxide / s.

[0037] 3、Branch carbon flow density p: The branch carbon flow density is the ratio of the carbon flow rate of any branch of the power system to the active power flow, which is denoted by p, and is specifically represented as The unit is generally kg carbon dioxide / kW.h.

[0038] 4、Node carbon potential e: The node carbon potential describes the node carbon emission intensity, and its physical meaning represents the equivalent carbon emission value of the power generation side caused by the consumption of unit power at the point, which is denoted by e, and the node carbon potential e of node n is represented as n as follows: In the formula: N +The set of all branches connected to node n that flow active power into node n; the carbon potential of a node has the same dimension as the carbon flow density, kg carbon dioxide / kWh, and its value is equal to the carbon flow rate p of all branches flowing into node n i The weighted average of the active power flow P i .

[0039] 5. The load carbon flow rate R L : The load carbon flow rate represents the carbon flow rate corresponding to all loads, and its physical meaning is the carbon emission per unit time generated by the power supply node to supply the active load, i.e. R L = p L e N wherein p L is the connection relationship between the load and the power system and the active load amount.

[0040] Since the carbon flow calculation needs to use the power flow calculation result matrix, the feasibility analysis of the algorithm indicates that any calculation step performed in the algorithm can be decomposed into basic executable operation steps, i.e. each calculation step can be completed in a limited time. The feasibility of the carbon flow calculation model is verified to avoid the situation that the calculation cannot continue due to non-convergence and the like. Therefore, it is particularly important to analyze the feasibility of the algorithm.

[0041] The branch power flow distribution matrix P B : The branch power flow distribution matrix is an N-order square matrix. This matrix describes the active power flow distribution of the power system. For any node i and node j connected by a branch, if the power flow p flows from node i to node j, then P Bij = p, P Bji = 0; otherwise, if the power flow p flows from node j to node i, then P Bij = 0, P Bij = 0; otherwise, for the diagonal elements, (i = 1, 2, …, N).

[0042] The unit injection distribution matrix P G : The unit injection distribution matrix is a K*N-order matrix. This matrix describes the connection relationship between the generator and the power system and the active power injected by the unit into the system. The specific definition of the element is as follows: for the k(k = 1, 2, …, K)th generator connected to node j and injecting active power p, then P Gkj = p, otherwise P Gkj = 0.

[0043] The load distribution matrix P LThe matrix is used to describe the connection relationship of the load and the power system and the active load amount, and the specific definition of the element is that for the mth (m = 1, 2,..., M) load existing in the node j, and the active load is p, then P Lmj = p, otherwise P Lmj = 0.

[0044] The generator set carbon emission intensity vector E G : Different generator sets have different carbon emission characteristics, which are known conditions, and the vector representation is: E G = [e G1 , e G2 ,..., e Gk ] T .

[0045] The node carbon potential vector E N : The vector representation is: E N = [e N1 , e N2 ,..., e NN ] T .

[0046] The branch carbon flow rate distribution matrix R B : The branch carbon flow rate distribution matrix is an N-order square matrix, and the element definition is similar to the branch power flow distribution matrix.

[0047] The load carbon flow rate vector R L : The load carbon flow rate vector can represent the corresponding carbon flow rate of all loads, and the physical meaning is the carbon emission amount generated by the supply node load per unit time on the power generation side, and the vector representation is: P L = [p L1 , p L2 ,..., p LM ] T .

[0048] The node active flux matrix P N : The node active flux matrix is an N-order diagonal matrix. The node carbon potential is only affected by the injected power flow, so the absolute amount of the power flow flowing into the node active power flow in the direction is defined as the node active flux, and the specific definition of the element is that for the node i, that is: In the formula, I + is the set of power flows flowing into the node i, P Bs is the active power of the branch s, P Gi is the generator output connected to the node i, and if there is no generator connected, then P Gi = 0. All non-diagonal elements of the matrix P Nij = 0.

[0049] For the node active power flow matrix P N From the above formula, the diagonal element of the ith row is equal to P B Matrix (branch flow into node i) and P G The sum of the elements of the ith column of the matrix, if P z = [P B P G ] T That is P Z is a KxN order matrix, and the sum of each column is as follows: ζ N+K P z = [1…N]P z = [∑P Bi1 ,∑P Gi1 …∑P BiN ,∑P GiN ] Taking the diagonal line of it can get P N matrix, that is P N = diag(ζ N+K P z ) The following gives the calculation formula of the node carbon potential. According to the definition of the node carbon potential, In the formula: ρ s is the carbon flow density of branch s.

[0050] The injection carbon potential of the generator to each node is calculated as follows: Similarly, the injection carbon potential of each branch to each node is The total injection carbon potential of each node in the network is Therefore, the total injection carbon potential of a certain node i is: Among them, is an N-dimensional unit row vector, and the ith element is 1.

[0051] According to the definition of the node active power flow matrix, the active power flow at node i is P Nii That is: Therefore, substituting the above transformation formula into the formula of the node carbon potential can obtain: Further transformation can obtain: Since P N , the above equation can be extended to the full system dimension, and we have: That is: After rearrangement, we have: P Bij = 0 Under the condition of a given system network, P N , P B , P G , and E G can be obtained, and when P + exists, the node carbon potential vector of the network can be calculated from the above equation.

[0052] From the node carbon potential, the branch carbon flow rate and the load carbon flow rate vector can be obtained. The further derivation process is as follows: In order to obtain the branch carbon flow rate and the load carbon flow rate vector from the node carbon potential, the relationship between the node carbon potential and the adjacent branch carbon flow density needs to be understood. For any node n, its node carbon potential is: Where the branch set of the inflow side and the outflow side of the tide flow are denoted as N + and N - , and the active power flow of the inflow side branch i and the outflow side branch j are P i and P j , respectively. According to the proportional sharing principle, we have: Where P j,i represents the component of the tide flow out of the jth branch that contains the ith branch flow. The carbon flow rate of the jth branch is: Where p i is the branch carbon flow density of line i. The carbon flow density of the outflow side branch j is: From the above equation, we know that all the branch carbon flow densities of the tide flow out of the node are equal to the node carbon potential, so the branch carbon flow rate can be calculated from the node carbon potential. The calculation and derivation process is as follows: The branch carbon flow distribution matrix is calculated as: R B = diag(E N )P B Similarly, the load carbon flow rate RL As follows, The load carbon flow distribution vector is calculated as: R L = P L E N .

[0053] Step S2, according to the output results of the key parameters, the carbon emissions of the load side are calculated; that is, according to the key parameters of step S1, the carbon emissions of the load side are further calculated.

[0054] Step S3, according to the calculation results of the power flow and the carbon flow, the carbon emission responsibility allocation of the system load side is calculated; Firstly, according to the calculation results of the power flow of the new power system, the carbon emission conversion relationship in the process of power production and consumption is clarified, and the carbon emission flow calculation method is established from the micro level. Then, combined with the characteristics of the new power system and the carbon emission generation process, a carbon emission responsibility allocation scheme is proposed, which takes into account fairness, incentive and stability, and realizes the quantitative expression of user side responsibility.

[0055] For step S3, it mainly includes the following several sub-steps.

[0056] Step S31, according to the carbon emission flow theory, the power flow and the carbon flow tracking method are used to quantitatively evaluate the power flow distribution of the system; Step S32, according to the node carbon intensity evaluation method, the counter flow distribution matrix considering network loss and the column vector of the carbon flow injection amount of the power generation node are constructed, and the node carbon trace intensity and the carbon emission responsibility allocation results of the system network are calculated combined with the power flow results.

[0057] Step S4, according to the carbon emission responsibility allocation results, the responsibility allocation critical value is constructed according to the results and the fairness theory. Specifically, step S4 includes: collecting the measured carbon emission amount summary results of the system, comparing and analyzing the carbon emission amount and the carbon emission responsibility, and setting the carbon emission amount and the carbon emission responsibility allocation critical value according to the carbon emission responsibility allocation results.

[0058] Step S4 mainly includes the following several sub-steps.

[0059] Step S41, the responsibility allocation is calculated according to the historical carbon emission amount of each node of the load side.

[0060] More specifically, the responsibility allocation is specifically expressed as: In the above formula, C ih is the carbon emission responsibility allocation of node i under the historical responsibility principle; C itHC ie HC

[0061] Step S42, calculate the carbon emission responsibility allocation according to the power demand prediction value of each node on the load side.

[0062] More specifically, the carbon emission responsibility allocation is specifically expressed as: In the formula, C ip is the carbon emission responsibility allocated to the load node i under the individual equality principle; P i is the load demand prediction value of the load node i in the calculation period under the individual equality principle; C iw is the total amount of carbon emission responsibility to be allocated in the future under the individual equality principle.

[0063] Step S43, determine the upper limit and lower limit of the carbon emission responsibility allocation fairness interval of the load node i.

[0064] More specifically, the upper limit and lower limit of the carbon emission responsibility allocation fairness interval of the load node i are respectively expressed as: C iu = Max(C ih , C ip ) C id = Min(C ih , C ip ) In the formula, C iu is the upper limit of the carbon emission responsibility allocation of the load node i; C id is the lower limit of the carbon emission responsibility allocation of the load node i, C ip is the carbon emission responsibility allocated to the load node i under the individual equality principle, C ih is the carbon emission responsibility allocation of the node i under the historical responsibility principle.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment, the more detailed process of step S3 and step S4 is described in detail.

[0066] The allocation method of node carbon intensity is to determine the system carbon emission corresponding to the unit load of the load node through total quantity tracking or marginal analysis, and the carbon emission responsibility of the load node can be obtained by multiplying the load quantity by the obtained node carbon intensity. Since the long-distance transmission of the power grid is mainly active power, reactive power is generally balanced locally. Moreover, compared with active power, the carbon emission of reactive power is smaller, therefore, the form of tracking active power flow is generally used for carbon flow analysis. At the same time, since the known data is mainly obtained from macro statistical unit output and carbon emission coefficient, the reverse flow tracking in the power flow tracking method is generally used for carbon flow analysis.

[0067] In the case of considering the additional carbon emission of network loss, the active power of the head of each branch is selected to calculate the reverse flow distribution matrix, and the carbon flow relationship of the system is calculated as follows: In the formula, is the total carbon flow vector of the node; C fG is the column vector of carbon flow injection of each power generation node, wherein the corresponding elements of non-power generation nodes are 0. In addition, for the new power system, the proportion of renewable energy power generation is increasing year by year, so that the carbon emission intensity of some power generation nodes is 0, and therefore the carbon flow injection is also 0. is the reverse flow distribution matrix considering network loss, and the matrix elements can be represented as: In the formula, P mn is the active power of the head of the branch mn flowing into the node n; P n is the power flowing through the node n, P n is equal to the sum of the injected or outflowing power; Γ_(m) is the incoming line set of node m.

[0068] Based on the system carbon flow relationship calculated above, the FCI vector of the system is represented by the following formula: In the formula, P n is the power vector flowing through the node. Finally, the carbon emission responsibility allocation quantity of each load node on the load side is calculated by the following formula: x i = P Di F f(i) In the formula, P Di is the active consumption power of the load member i; F f(i) is the FCI value of the node where the load member i is located.

[0069] The FCI values of each node on the load side can be obtained by the above calculation, and the carbon trace intensity of each node can be preliminarily mastered after sorting. The carbon emission responsibility allocation amount of node i is obtained by multiplying the load amount. From the perspective of long-term planning of the region, the calculation result only shows the carbon emission responsibility allocation result at the current time or a specific period, and does not consider the power consumption status of users and the carbon emission amount caused in other periods, so it is difficult to provide fair and reasonable allocation results for decision makers. Therefore, a fair allocation interval needs to be further constructed, and the rationality and fairness of the allocation result are comprehensively evaluated in combination with the satisfaction degree of the allocation scheme and the standard deviation of the satisfaction degree.

[0070] In order to avoid the lack of fairness caused by ignoring the time factor in the previous allocation of carbon emission responsibility, the embodiment constructs a fairness interval of carbon emission responsibility allocation of the power system and a satisfaction degree system of allocation scheme. When determining the carbon emission responsibility allocation scheme of the power system based on fairness, the decision maker first needs to reach a consensus on the understanding of "fairness" and clearly define which regional characteristics that affect carbon emission the economic subjects need to be responsible for. By comprehensively analyzing various "fairness" principles, Table 1 shows four basic principles that embody fairness.

[0071] Table 1 Basic principles of fairness theory The historical responsibility principle and the individual equality principle of each load node are taken as two basic principles for determining the "fairness" interval of carbon emission responsibility.

[0072] From the perspective of historical responsibility, the carbon emission responsibility allocation calculation should be performed according to the historical carbon emission amount of each node on the load side, and the formula is as follows: In the formula, C ih is the carbon emission responsibility allocation amount of node i under the historical responsibility principle; C it is the total carbon emission responsibility amount to be allocated of each node, which can be obtained by proportional conversion combined with the current carbon emission responsibility amount; HC ie is the historical carbon emission amount of node i under the historical responsibility principle, which comes from the statistical list of the region or enterprise in previous years; and N is the total number of load nodes participating in the allocation under the historical responsibility principle.

[0073] From the perspective of individual equality, the carbon emission responsibility allocation calculation should be performed according to the predicted power demand amount of each load node, and the formula is as follows: In the formula, C ip is the carbon emission responsibility amount allocated to load node i under the individual equality principle; P i is the predicted load demand value of load node i in the calculation period under the individual equality principle; and C iwThe total amount of the carbon emission responsibility allocation under the principle of individual equality is used to determine the future carbon emission responsibility allocation. iu ih ip id ih ip iu id

[0074] The responsibility allocation fairness interval is constructed according to the result and the fairness theory, which provides a higher decision-making space for decision-makers, and also provides data reference for the subsequent identification of high-carbon nodes and the assessment of node carbon reduction potential.

[0075] Step S5, high-carbon node identification is performed according to the allocation amount critical value.

[0076] More specifically, it includes the following sub-steps.

[0077] Step S51, first, the average value of the organic combination of carbon emission and carbon emission responsibility is set as the critical value, if the node satisfies the carbon emission and the carbon emission responsibility, the node is a high-carbon node, if there is no such node, then enter S52. Step S52, if the node satisfies the carbon emission amount exceeding the critical value, the node is a high-carbon node, otherwise it is not a high-carbon node.

[0078] On the basis of completing the carbon emission responsibility allocation by using the FCI-fairness principle, the nodes with high carbon emission responsibility allocation or exceeding the average value are recorded as high-carbon nodes, which provides a reference for the subsequent carbon reduction strategy.

[0079] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limited. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.​​​​​​​​​​

Claims

1. A method for identifying high-carbon nodes in the power grid, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, based on the carbon emission flow theory, performs carbon flow analysis and calculation on the entire power system to obtain the key parameters of each node; S2, calculate the carbon emissions on the load side based on the output results of key parameters; S3, calculate the carbon emission responsibility allocation on the load side of the system based on the tidal flow and carbon flow calculation results; S4, based on the carbon emission responsibility allocation results, constructs the critical value of responsibility allocation according to the results and fairness theory; S5 identifies high-carbon nodes based on the critical value of the allocation amount.

2. The method for identifying high-carbon power nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: based on the power flow calculation results, and on the basis of power flow calculation of a given topology using the Newton-Raphson method, combined with carbon emission flow calculation theory, to obtain the branch power flow distribution matrix, load distribution matrix and injection distribution matrix, and finally calculate the final carbon flow result.

3. The method for identifying high-carbon power nodes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: S31, based on carbon emission flow theory, uses tidal current and carbon flow tracing methods to quantitatively assess the tidal current distribution of the system; S32. Based on the nodal carbon intensity assessment method, a countercurrent distribution matrix considering network losses and a column vector of carbon flow injection at power generation nodes are constructed. Combined with the power flow results, the nodal carbon trace intensity and carbon emission responsibility allocation results of the system network are calculated.

4. The method for identifying high-carbon power nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: collecting the summary results of the measured carbon emissions of the system, comparing and analyzing the carbon emissions and carbon emission responsibility, and setting the threshold values ​​for carbon emissions and carbon emission responsibility allocation based on the carbon emission responsibility allocation results.

5. The method for identifying high-carbon power nodes according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S5 includes: S51, setting the average value of the organic combination of the two scenarios of carbon emissions and carbon emission responsibility as its critical value. If the node satisfies that both carbon emissions and carbon emission responsibility exceed the critical value, then the node is a high-carbon node; if there is no such node, then proceed to S52; S52, if the node satisfies that carbon emissions exceed the critical value, then the node is a high-carbon node.

6. A method for identifying high-carbon power nodes according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, Step S4 further includes: S41, calculate the responsibility allocation based on the historical carbon emissions of each node on the load side; S42, calculate the carbon emission responsibility allocation based on the predicted power demand of each node on the load side; S43, determine the upper and lower limits of the carbon emission responsibility sharing fairness interval for load node i.

7. A method for identifying high-carbon power nodes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The carbon emission responsibility allocation for each load node on the load side is expressed as follows: x i =P Di F f(i) In the formula, P Di F represents the active power consumption of the i-th load; f(i) Let P be the FCI value of the node where the i-th load is located. n The power vector flowing through the node. The total carbon flow vector through which the node flows.

8. The method for identifying high-carbon power nodes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper and lower limits of the carbon emission responsibility sharing fairness interval for load node i are respectively expressed as: C iu =Max(C ih ,C ip ) C id =Min(C ih ,C ip ) In the formula, C iu Assign a cap to the carbon emission responsibility of load node i; C id C is the lower limit for the carbon emission responsibility allocation of load node i. ip Under the principle of individual equality, the carbon emission responsibility C allocated to load node i is... ih This represents the carbon emission responsibility allocation for node i under the principle of historical responsibility.

9. The method for identifying high-carbon power nodes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The allocation of carbon emission responsibility is specifically expressed as follows: In the formula, C ip The carbon emission responsibility allocated to load node i under the principle of individual equality; P i Under the principle of individual equality, the predicted load demand value of load node i during the calculation period; C iw The total amount of carbon emission responsibility to be allocated in the future, based on the principle of individual equality.

10. The method for identifying high-carbon power nodes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The apportionment of responsibility is specifically expressed as follows: In the formula, C ih Under the principle of historical responsibility, C represents the carbon emission responsibility allocation for node i. it Under the principle of historical responsibility, the total amount of carbon emission responsibility to be allocated at each node can be calculated proportionally based on the current carbon emission responsibility; HC ie For historical responsibility In principle, the historical carbon emissions of node i are derived from the historical statistical lists of the region or enterprise. Under the principle of historical responsibility, N represents... The total number of load nodes participating in the load sharing.

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